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Hesse M, Dupont F, Mourad N, Babczenko P, Beaurin G, Xhema D, Bonaccorsi-Riani E, Jamar F, Lhommel R. Kidney dynamic SPECT acquisition on a CZT swiveling-detector ring camera: an in vivo pilot study. BMC Med Imaging 2024; 24:94. [PMID: 38649862 PMCID: PMC11036633 DOI: 10.1186/s12880-024-01271-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large field of view CZT SPECT cameras with a ring geometry are available for some years now. Thanks to their good sensitivity and high temporal resolution, general dynamic SPECT imaging may be performed more easily, without resorting to dedicated systems. To evaluate the dynamic SPECT imaging by such cameras, we have performed an in vivo pilot study to analyze the kidney function of a pig and compare the results to standard dynamic planar imaging by a conventional gamma camera. METHODS A 7-week-old (12 kg) female Landrace pig was injected with [99mTc]Tc-MAG3 and a 30 min dynamic SPECT acquisition of the kidneys was performed on a CZT ring camera. A fast SPECT/CT was acquired with the same camera immediately after the dynamic SPECT, without moving the pig, and used for attenuation correction and drawing regions of interest. The next day the same pig underwent a dynamic planar imaging of the kidneys by a conventional 2-head gamma camera. The dynamic SPECT acquisition was reconstructed using a MLEM algorithm with up to 20 iterations, with and without attenuation correction. Time-activity curves of the total counts of each kidney were extracted from 2D and 3D dynamic images. An adapted 2-compartment model was derived to fit the data points and extract physiological parameters. Comparison of these parameters was performed between the different reconstructions and acquisitions. RESULTS Time-activity curves were nicely fitted with the 2-compartment model taking into account the anesthesia and bladder filling. Kidney physiological parameters were found in agreement with literature values. Good agreement of these parameters was obtained for the right kidney between dynamic SPECT and planar imaging. Regional analysis of the kidneys can be performed in the case of the dynamic SPECT imaging and provided good agreement with the whole kidney results. CONCLUSIONS Dynamic SPECT imaging is feasible with CZT swiveling-detector ring cameras and provides results in agreement with dynamic planar imaging by conventional gamma cameras. Regional analysis of organs uptake and clearance becomes possible. Further studies are required regarding the optimization of acquisition and reconstruction parameters to improve image quality and enable absolute quantification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Hesse
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 10 Avenue Hippocrate, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Florian Dupont
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 10 Avenue Hippocrate, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nizar Mourad
- Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation- CHEX, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pavel Babczenko
- Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation- CHEX, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gwen Beaurin
- Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation- CHEX, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Daela Xhema
- Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation- CHEX, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eliano Bonaccorsi-Riani
- Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation- CHEX, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - François Jamar
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 10 Avenue Hippocrate, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Renaud Lhommel
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 10 Avenue Hippocrate, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
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Maistriaux L, Foulon V, Fievé L, Xhema D, Evrard R, Manon J, Coyette M, Bouzin C, Poumay Y, Gianello P, Behets C, Lengelé B. Reconstruction of the human nipple-areolar complex: a tissue engineering approach. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 11:1295075. [PMID: 38425730 PMCID: PMC10902434 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1295075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Nipple-areolar complex (NAC) reconstruction after breast cancer surgery is challenging and does not always provide optimal long-term esthetic results. Therefore, generating a NAC using tissue engineering techniques, such as a decellularization-recellularization process, is an alternative option to recreate a specific 3D NAC morphological unit, which is then covered with an in vitro regenerated epidermis and, thereafter, skin-grafted on the reconstructed breast. Materials and methods: Human NACs were harvested from cadaveric donors and decellularized using sequential detergent baths. Cellular clearance and extracellular matrix (ECM) preservation were analyzed by histology, as well as by DNA, ECM proteins, growth factors, and residual sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) quantification. In vivo biocompatibility was evaluated 30 days after the subcutaneous implantation of native and decellularized human NACs in rats. In vitro scaffold cytocompatibility was assessed by static seeding of human fibroblasts on their hypodermal side for 7 days, while human keratinocytes were seeded on the scaffold epidermal side for 10 days by using the reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) technique to investigate the regeneration of a new epidermis. Results: The decellularized NAC showed a preserved 3D morphology and appeared white. After decellularization, a DNA reduction of 98.3% and the absence of nuclear and HLA staining in histological sections confirmed complete cellular clearance. The ECM architecture and main ECM proteins were preserved, associated with the detection and decrease in growth factors, while a very low amount of residual SDS was detected after decellularization. The decellularized scaffolds were in vivo biocompatible, fully revascularized, and did not induce the production of rat anti-human antibodies after 30 days of subcutaneous implantation. Scaffold in vitro cytocompatibility was confirmed by the increasing proliferation of seeded human fibroblasts during 7 days of culture, associated with a high number of living cells and a similar viability compared to the control cells after 7 days of static culture. Moreover, the RHE technique allowed us to recreate a keratinized pluristratified epithelium after 10 days of culture. Conclusion: Tissue engineering allowed us to create an acellular and biocompatible NAC with a preserved morphology, microarchitecture, and matrix proteins while maintaining their cell growth potential and ability to regenerate the skin epidermis. Thus, tissue engineering could provide a novel alternative to personalized and natural NAC reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Maistriaux
- Pole of Morphology (MORF), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Pole of Experimental Surgery and Transplantation (CHEX), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Foulon
- Pole of Morphology (MORF), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lies Fievé
- Pole of Morphology (MORF), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Daela Xhema
- Pole of Experimental Surgery and Transplantation (CHEX), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Robin Evrard
- Pole of Experimental Surgery and Transplantation (CHEX), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julie Manon
- Pole of Morphology (MORF), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maude Coyette
- Pole of Morphology (MORF), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- IREC Imaging Platform (2IP), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yves Poumay
- Research Unit for Molecular Physiology (URPhyM), Department of Medicine, Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), UNamur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Pierre Gianello
- Pole of Experimental Surgery and Transplantation (CHEX), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Catherine Behets
- Pole of Morphology (MORF), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benoît Lengelé
- Pole of Morphology (MORF), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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Rougier G, Maistriaux L, Fievé L, Xhema D, Evrard R, Manon J, Olszewski R, Szmytka F, Thurieau N, Boisson J, Kadlub N, Gianello P, Behets C, Lengelé B. Decellularized vascularized bone grafts: A preliminary in vitro porcine model for bioengineered transplantable bone shafts. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 10:1003861. [PMID: 36743653 PMCID: PMC9890275 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1003861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Durable reconstruction of critical size bone defects is still a surgical challenge despite the availability of numerous autologous and substitute bone options. In this paper, we have investigated the possibility of creating a living bone allograft, using the perfusion/decellularization/recellularization (PDR) technique, which was applied to an original model of vascularized porcine bone graft. Materials and Methods: 11 porcine bone forelimbs, including radius and ulna, were harvested along with their vasculature including the interosseous artery and then decellularized using a sequential detergent perfusion protocol. Cellular clearance, vasculature, extracellular matrix (ECM), and preservation of biomechanical properties were evaluated. The cytocompatibility and in vitro osteoinductive potential of acellular extracellular matrix were studied by static seeding of NIH-3T3 cells and porcine adipose mesenchymal stem cells (pAMSC), respectively. Results: The vascularized bone grafts were successfully decellularized, with an excellent preservation of the 3D morphology and ECM microarchitecture. Measurements of DNA and ECM components revealed complete cellular clearance and preservation of ECM's major proteins. Bone mineral density (BMD) acquisitions revealed a slight, yet non-significant, decrease after decellularization, while biomechanical testing was unmodified. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) acquisitions after vascular injection of barium sulphate confirmed the preservation of the vascular network throughout the whole graft. The non-toxicity of the scaffold was proven by the very low amount of residual sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in the ECM and confirmed by the high live/dead ratio of fibroblasts seeded on periosteum and bone ECM-grafts after 3, 7, and 16 days of culture. Moreover, cell proliferation tests showed a significant multiplication of seeded cell populations at the same endpoints. Lastly, the differentiation study using pAMSC confirmed the ECM graft's potential to promote osteogenic differentiation. An osteoid-like deposition occurred when pAMSC were cultured on bone ECM in both proliferative and osteogenic differentiation media. Conclusion: Fully decellularized bone grafts can be obtained by perfusion decellularization, thereby preserving ECM architecture and their vascular network, while promoting cell growth and differentiation. These vascularized decellularized bone shaft allografts thus present a true potential for future in vivo reimplantation. Therefore, they may offer new perspectives for repairing large bone defects and for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Rougier
- Pole of Morphology (MORF)—Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC)—UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium,Department of Oncological and Cervicofacial Reconstructive Surgery, Otorhinolaryngology, Maxillofacial Surgery—Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Louis Maistriaux
- Pole of Morphology (MORF)—Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC)—UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium,Pole of Experimental Surgery and Transplantation (CHEX)—Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC)—UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium,*Correspondence: Louis Maistriaux,
| | - Lies Fievé
- Pole of Morphology (MORF)—Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC)—UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Daela Xhema
- Pole of Experimental Surgery and Transplantation (CHEX)—Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC)—UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Robin Evrard
- Pole of Experimental Surgery and Transplantation (CHEX)—Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC)—UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium,Neuromusculoskeletal Lab (NMSK)—Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC)—UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julie Manon
- Pole of Morphology (MORF)—Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC)—UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium,Neuromusculoskeletal Lab (NMSK)—Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC)—UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Raphael Olszewski
- Neuromusculoskeletal Lab (NMSK)—Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC)—UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium,Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Stomatology—Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Fabien Szmytka
- IMSIA, ENSTA Paris, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - Nicolas Thurieau
- IMSIA, ENSTA Paris, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - Jean Boisson
- IMSIA, ENSTA Paris, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - Natacha Kadlub
- IMSIA, ENSTA Paris, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France,Department of Maxillofacial and Reconstructive Surgery—Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Gianello
- Pole of Experimental Surgery and Transplantation (CHEX)—Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC)—UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Catherine Behets
- Pole of Morphology (MORF)—Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC)—UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benoît Lengelé
- Pole of Morphology (MORF)—Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC)—UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery—Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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Shi S, Bonaccorsi-Riani E, Schurink I, van den Bosch T, Doukas M, Lila KA, Roest HP, Xhema D, Gianello P, de Jonge J, Verstegen MMA, van der Laan LJW. Liver Ischemia and Reperfusion Induce Periportal Expression of Necroptosis Executor pMLKL Which Is Associated With Early Allograft Dysfunction After Transplantation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:890353. [PMID: 35655777 PMCID: PMC9152120 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.890353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early allograft dysfunction (EAD) following liver transplantation (LT) remains a major threat to the survival of liver grafts and recipients. In animal models, it is shown that hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) triggers phosphorylation of Mixed Lineage Kinase domain-like protein (pMLKL) inducing necroptotic cell death. However, the clinical implication of pMLKL-mediated cell death in human hepatic IRI remains largely unexplored. In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression of pMLKL in human liver grafts and its association with EAD after LT. Methods The expression of pMLKL was determined by immunohistochemistry in liver biopsies obtained from both human and rat LT. Human liver biopsies were obtained at the end of preservation (T0) and ~1 hour after reperfusion (T1). The positivity of pMLKL was quantified electronically and compared in rat and human livers and post-LT outcomes. Multiplex immunofluorescence staining was performed to characterize the pMLKL-expressing cells. Results In the rat LT model, significant pMLKL expression was observed in livers after IRI as compared to livers of sham-operation animals. Similarly, the pMLKL score was highest after IRI in human liver grafts (in T1 biopsies). Both in rats and humans, the pMLKL expression is mostly observed in the portal triads. In grafts who developed EAD after LT (n=24), the pMLKL score at T1 was significantly higher as compared to non-EAD grafts (n=40). ROC curve revealed a high predictive value of pMLKL score at T1 (AUC 0.70) and the ratio of pMLKL score at T1 and T0 (pMLKL-index, AUC 0.82) for EAD. Liver grafts with a high pMLKL index (>1.64) had significantly higher levels of serum ALT, AST, and LDH 24 hours after LT compared to grafts with a low pMLKL index. Multivariate logistical regression analysis identified the pMLKL-index (Odds ratio=1.3, 95% CI 1.1-1.7) as a predictor of EAD development. Immunohistochemistry on serial sections and multiplex staining identified the periportal pMLKL-positive cells as portal fibroblasts, fibrocytes, and a minority of cholangiocytes. Conclusion Periportal pMLKL expression increased significantly after IRI in both rat and human LT. The histological score of pMLKL is predictive of post-transplant EAD and is associated with early liver injury after LT. Periportal non-parenchymal cells (i.e. fibroblasts) appear most susceptible to pMLKL-mediated cell death during hepatic IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Shi
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Eliano Bonaccorsi-Riani
- Abdominal Transplant Unit, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation Institute de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ivo Schurink
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Thierry van den Bosch
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Michael Doukas
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Karishma A Lila
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Henk P Roest
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Daela Xhema
- Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation Institute de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Gianello
- Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation Institute de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jeroen de Jonge
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Monique M A Verstegen
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Luc J W van der Laan
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Mourad NI, Xhema D, Gianello P. In vitro assessment of pancreatic hormone secretion from isolated porcine islets. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:935060. [PMID: 36034433 PMCID: PMC9402940 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.935060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential use of porcine islets for transplantation in humans has triggered interest in understanding porcine islet physiology. However, the number of studies dedicated to this topic has remained limited, as most islet physiologists prefer to use the less time-consuming rodent model or the more clinically relevant human islet. An often-overlooked aspect of pig islet physiology is its alpha cell activity and regulation of its glucagon secretion. In vitro islet perifusion is a reliable method to study the dynamics of hormone secretion in response to different stimuli. We thus used this method to quantify and study glucagon secretion from pig islets. Pancreatic islets were isolated from 20 neonatal (14 to 21-day old) and 5 adult (>2 years) pigs and cultured in appropriate media. Islet perifusion experiments were performed 8 to 10 days post-isolation for neonatal islets and 1 to 2 days post-isolation for adult islets. Insulin and glucagon were quantified in perifusion effluent fractions as well as in islet extracts by RIA. Increasing glucose concentration from 1 mM to 15 mM markedly inhibited glucagon secretion independently of animal age. Interestingly, the effect of high glucose was more drastic on glucagon secretion compared to its effect on insulin secretion. In vivo, glucose injection during IVGTT initiated a quick (2-10 minutes) 3-fold decrease of plasmatic glucagon whereas the increase of plasmatic insulin took 20 minutes to become significant. These results suggest that regulation of glucagon secretion significantly contributes to glucose homeostasis in pigs and might compensate for the mild changes in insulin secretion in response to changes in glucose concentration.
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Iesari S, Leclercq I, Joudiou N, Komuta M, Daumerie A, Ambroise J, Dili A, Feza-Bingi N, Xhema D, Bouzin C, Gallez B, Pisani F, Bonaccorsi-Riani E, Gianello P. Selective HIF stabilization alleviates hepatocellular steatosis and ballooning in a rodent model of 70% liver resection. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:2285-2305. [PMID: 34550341 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small-for-size syndrome (SFSS) looms over patients needing liver resection or living-donor transplantation. Hypoxia has been shown to be crucial for the successful outcome of liver resection in the very early postoperative phase. While poorly acceptable as such in real-world clinical practice, hypoxia responses can still be simulated by pharmacologically raising levels of its transducers, the hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). We aimed to assess the potential role of a selective inhibitor of HIF degradation in 70% hepatectomy (70%Hx). METHODS In a pilot study, we tested the required dose of roxadustat to stabilize liver HIF1α. We then performed 70%Hx in 8-week-old male Lewis rats and administered 25 mg/kg of roxadustat (RXD25) at the end of the procedure. Regeneration was assessed: ki67 and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) immunofluorescent labeling, and histological parameters. We also assessed liver function via a blood panel and functional gadoxetate-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), up to 47 h after the procedure. Metabolic results were analyzed by means of RNA sequencing (RNAseq). RESULTS Roxadustat effectively increased early HIF1α transactivity. Liver function did not appear to be improved nor liver regeneration to be accelerated by the experimental compound. However, treated livers showed a mitigation in hepatocellular steatosis and ballooning, known markers of cellular stress after liver resection. RNAseq confirmed that roxadustat unexpectedly increases lipid breakdown and cellular respiration. CONCLUSIONS Selective HIF stabilization did not result in an enhanced liver function after standard liver resection, but it induced interesting metabolic changes that are worth studying for their possible role in extended liver resections and fatty liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuele Iesari
- Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
- Liver Transplantation, Service de Chirurgie Générale et Transplantation Abdominale, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
- Kidney Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Isabelle Leclercq
- Laboratory of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Joudiou
- Nuclear and Electron Spin Technologies, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mina Komuta
- Department of Pathology, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aurélie Daumerie
- IREC Imaging Platform, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jérôme Ambroise
- Centre for Applied Molecular Technologies, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alexandra Dili
- Laboratory of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Natacha Feza-Bingi
- Laboratory of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Daela Xhema
- Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- IREC Imaging Platform, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernard Gallez
- Nuclear and Electron Spin Technologies, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Francesco Pisani
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Eliano Bonaccorsi-Riani
- Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Liver Transplantation, Service de Chirurgie Générale et Transplantation Abdominale, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Gianello
- Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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Magisson J, Sassi A, Xhema D, Kobalyan A, Gianello P, Mourer B, Tran N, Burcez CT, Bou Aoun R, Sigrist S. Safety and function of a new pre-vascularized bioartificial pancreas in an allogeneic rat model. J Tissue Eng 2020; 11:2041731420924818. [PMID: 32523669 PMCID: PMC7257875 DOI: 10.1177/2041731420924818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell encapsulation could overcome limitations of free islets transplantation but is currently limited by inefficient cells immune protection and hypoxia. As a response to these challenges, we tested in vitro and in vivo the safety and efficacy of a new macroencapsulation device named MailPan®. Membranes of MailPan® device were tested in vitro in static conditions. Its bio-integration and level of oxygenation was assessed after implantation in non-diabetic rats. Immune protection properties were also assessed in rat with injection in the device of allogeneic islets with incompatible Major Histocompatibility Complex. Finally, function was assessed in diabetic rats with a Beta cell line injected in MailPan®. In vitro, membranes of the device showed high permeability to glucose, insulin, and rejected IgG. In rat, the device displayed good bio-integration, efficient vascularization, and satisfactory oxygenation (>5%), while positron emission tomography (PET)-scan and angiography also highlighted rapid exchanges between blood circulation and the MailPan®. The device showed its immune protection properties by preventing formation, by the rat recipient, of antibodies against encapsulated allogenic islets. Injection of a rat beta cell line into the device normalized fasting glycemia of diabetic rat with retrieval of viable cell clusters after 2 months. These data suggest that MailPan® constitutes a promising encapsulation device for widespread use of cell therapy for type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daela Xhema
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Pierre Gianello
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Brice Mourer
- Ecole de Chirurgie de Nancy-Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Nguyen Tran
- Ecole de Chirurgie de Nancy-Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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van Steenberghe M, Schubert T, Gerelli S, Bouzin C, Guiot Y, Xhema D, Bollen X, Abdelhamid K, Gianello P. Porcine pulmonary valve decellularization with NaOH-based vs detergent process: preliminary in vitro and in vivo assessments. J Cardiothorac Surg 2018; 13:34. [PMID: 29695259 PMCID: PMC5918872 DOI: 10.1186/s13019-018-0720-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glutaraldehyde fixed xenogeneic heart valve prosthesis are hindered by calcification and lack of growth potential. The aim of tissue decellularization is to remove tissue antigenicity, avoiding the use of glutaraldehyde and improve valve integration with low inflammation and host cell recolonization. In this preliminary study, we investigated the efficacy of a NaOH-based process for decellularization and biocompatibility improvement of porcine pulmonary heart valves in comparison to a detergent-based process (SDS-SDC0, 5%). Methods Native cryopreserved porcine pulmonary heart valves were treated with detergent and NaOH-based processes. Decellularization was assessed by Hematoxylin and eosin/DAPI/alpha-gal/SLA-I staining and DNA quantification of native and processed leaflets, walls and muscles. Elongation stress test investigated mechanical integrity of leaflets and walls (n = 3 tests/valve component) of valves in the native and treated groups (n = 4/group). Biochemical integrity (collagen/elastin/glycosaminoglycans content) of leaflet-wall and muscle of the valves (n = 4/group) was assessed and compared between groups with trichrome staining (Sirius Red/Miller/Alcian blue). Secondly, a preliminary in vivo study assessed biocompatibility (CD3 and CD68 immunostaining) and remodeling (Hematoxylin and eosin/CD31 and ASMA immunofluorescent staining) of NaOH processed valves implanted in orthotopic position in young Landrace pigs, at 1 (n = 1) and 3 months (n = 2). Results Decellularization was better achieved with the NaOH-based process (92% vs 69% DNA reduction in the wall). Both treatments did not significantly alter mechanical properties. The detergent-based process induced a significant loss of glycosaminoglycans (p < 0,05). In vivo, explanted valves exhibited normal morphology without any sign of graft dilatation, degeneration or rejection. Low inflammation was noticed at one and three months follow-up (1,8 +/− 3,03 and 0,9836 +/− 1,3605 CD3 cells/0,12 mm2 in the leaflets). In one animal, at three months we documented minimal calcification in the area of sinus leaflet and in one, microthrombi formation on the leaflet surface at 1 month. The endoluminal side of the valves showed partial reendothelialization. Conclusions NaOH-based process offers better porcine pulmonary valve decellularization than the detergent process. In vivo, the NaOH processed valves showed low inflammatory response at 3 months and partial recellularization. Regarding additional property of securing, this treatment should be considered for the new generation of heart valves prosthesis. Graphical abstract Graphical abstract of the study![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu van Steenberghe
- Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation (CHEX), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Secteur des Sciences de la Sante, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 55/B1.55.04, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium. .,Service de chirurgie cardiaque et vasculaire, Clinique Cecil, avenue Louis Ruchonnet 53, 1003, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Thomas Schubert
- Service d'orthopédie et de traumatologie de l'appareil locomoteur, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Avenue Hippocrate 10, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium.,Unité de thérapie tissulaire et cellulaire de l'appareil locomoteur, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc, Avenue Hippocrate 10, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Gerelli
- Service de chirurgie cardiaque, Centre hospitalier Annecy-Genevois, site Annecy, 1 Avenue de l'Hopital, F-74370, Pringy, France
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), IREC Imaging Platform (2IP), Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 55/B1.55.20, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yves Guiot
- Service d'anatomie pathologique, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc, Avenue Hippocrate 10, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Daela Xhema
- Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation (CHEX), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Secteur des Sciences de la Sante, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 55/B1.55.04, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Xavier Bollen
- Institute of Mechanics, Materials and Civil Engineering, Mechatronic, Electrical Energy, and Dynamic Systems (MEED), Secteur des Sciences et Technologies, Université Catholique de Louvain, Place du Levant 2/L5.04.02, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Karim Abdelhamid
- Service d'oncologie, Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, Rue du Bugnon 46, CH-1011, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Gianello
- Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation (CHEX), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Secteur des Sciences de la Sante, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 55/B1.55.04, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
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van Steenberghe M, Schubert T, Bouzin C, Caravaggio C, Guiot Y, Xhema D, Gianello P. Enhanced Vascular Biocompatibility and Remodeling of Decellularized and Secured Xenogeneic/Allogeneic Matrices in a Porcine Model. Eur Surg Res 2018; 59:58-71. [PMID: 29621750 DOI: 10.1159/000487591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Calcifications and absence of growth potential are the major drawbacks of glutaraldehyde-treated prosthesis. Decellularized and secured xeno-/allogeneic matrices were assessed in a preclinical porcine model for biocompatibility and vascular remodeling in comparison to glutaraldehyde-fixed bovine pericardium (GBP; control). METHODS Native human (fascia lata, pericardium) and porcine tissues (peritoneum) were used and treated. In vitro, biopsies were performed before and after treatment to assess decellularization (hematoxylin and eosin/DAPI). In vivo, each decellularized and control tissue sample was implanted subcutaneously in 4 mini-pigs. In addition, 9 mini-pigs received a patch or a tubularized prosthesis interposition on the carotid artery or abdominal aorta of decellularized (D) human fascia lata (DHFL; n = 4), human pericardium (DHP; n = 9), porcine peritoneum (DPPt; n = 7), and control tissue (GBP: n = 3). Arteries were harvested after 1 month and subcutaneous samples after 15-30 days. Tissues were processed for hematoxylin and eosin/von Kossa staining and immunohistochemistry for CD31, alpha-smooth muscle actin, CD3, and CD68. Histomorphometry was achieved by point counting. RESULTS A 95% decellularization was confirmed for DHP and DPPt, and to a lower degree for DHFL. In the subcutaneous protocol, CD3 infiltration was significantly higher at day 30 in GBP and DHFL, and CD68 infiltration was significantly higher for GBP (p < 0.05). In intravascular study, no deaths, aneurysms, or pseudoaneurysms were observed. Inflammatory reaction was significantly higher for DHFL and GBP (p < 0.05), while it was lower and comparable for DHP/DPPt. DHP and DPPt showed deeper recellularization, and a new arterial wall was characterized. CONCLUSIONS In a preclinical model, DPPt and DHP offered better results than conventional commercialized GBP for biocompatibility and vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu van Steenberghe
- Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation (CHEX), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Secteur des Sciences de la Santé, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thomas Schubert
- Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation (CHEX), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Secteur des Sciences de la Santé, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Banque de Tissus, Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et Tissulaire de L'Appareil Locomoteur, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- IREC Imaging Platform (2IP), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Secteur des Sciences de la Santé, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Carlo Caravaggio
- Service de Chirurgie Vasculaire, Site Notre-Dame, Centre Hospitalier de Wallonie Picarde (CHwapi), Tournai, Belgium
| | - Yves Guiot
- Service d'Anatomopathologie, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Daela Xhema
- Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation (CHEX), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Secteur des Sciences de la Santé, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Gianello
- Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation (CHEX), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Secteur des Sciences de la Santé, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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van Steenberghe M, Schubert T, Bouzin C, Caravaggio C, Guiot Y, Xhema D, Gianello P. Decellularized and Secured Porcine Arteries with NaOH-based Process: Proof of Concept. Ann Vasc Surg 2018; 49:179-190. [PMID: 29501598 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a need for small caliber vascular prosthesis. Synthetic grafts are hindered by thrombogenicity and rapid occlusion. Decellularized matrices could be an alternative. We assessed in vitro and in vivo the biocompatibility of porcine artery treated with a chemical/physical process for decellularization and graft securitization with non/conventional pathogens inactivation. METHODS Porcine carotid arteries (PCA) were treated. First, biopsies (n = 4/tissue) were performed before/after treatment to assess decellularization (hematoxylin and eosin/-4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole/DNA/Miller). Second, 5 rats received an abdominal aortic patch of decellularized PCA (DPCA). Four pigs received subcutaneous DPCA implants (n = 2/pig). Half were explanted at day 15 and half at day 30. Finally, 2 pigs received DPCA (n = 2) and polytetrafluoroethylene prosthesis (n = 1), respectively, as carotid interposition. Implants were removed at day 30. Inflammation (CD3 and CD68 immunostaining) calcifications (von Kossa staining), remodeling (hematoxylin and eosin), and vascular characterization (CD31 and alpha-smooth muscle actin immunofluorescent staining) were investigated. RESULTS Ninety-five percentage of decellularization was obtained without structural deterioration. No death occurred. Low inflammatory reaction was found in the 2 models for DPCA. Acquisition of vascular identity was confirmed in the rodent and porcine models. Similarity between native PCA and DPCA was observed after 30 days. In contrast, polytetrafluoroethylene graft showed severe calcifications, higher CD3 reaction, and higher intimal hyperplasia (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The physical and chemical process ensures decellularization of carotid porcine arteries and their in vivo remodeling with the presence of an endothelium and smooth-muscle-like cells as well as a low level of inflammatory cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu van Steenberghe
- Université catholique de Louvain, Secteur des Sciences de la Santé, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation (CHEX), Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Thomas Schubert
- Université catholique de Louvain, Secteur des Sciences de la Santé, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation (CHEX), Brussels, Belgium; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Service d'orthopédie et de Traumatologie de l'appareil Locomoteur, Brussels, Belgium; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire et Tissulaire de l'appareil Locomoteur, Banque de Tissus, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Secteur des Sciences de la Santé, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, IREC Imaging Platform (2IP), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Carlo Caravaggio
- Centre Hospitalier de Wallonie Picarde (CHwapi), Site Notre-Dame, Service de Chirurgie Vasculaire, Tournai, Belgium
| | - Yves Guiot
- Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Service d'anatomopathologie, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Daela Xhema
- Université catholique de Louvain, Secteur des Sciences de la Santé, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation (CHEX), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Gianello
- Université catholique de Louvain, Secteur des Sciences de la Santé, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et Transplantation (CHEX), Brussels, Belgium
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van Steenberghe M, Schubert T, Xhema D, Bouzin C, Guiot Y, Duisit J, Abdelhamid K, Gianello P. Enhanced vascular regeneration with chemically/physically treated bovine/human pericardium in rodents. J Surg Res 2017; 222:167-179. [PMID: 29273368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2017.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glutaraldehyde-treated pericardia for cardiovascular applications have poor long-term clinical results. The efficacy of a combined physical/chemical treatment to improve pericardium biocompatibility and vascular regeneration was assessed and compared with detergent treatment and two commercial bovine pericardia: PeriGuard (DGBP) and Edwards pericardium (nDGBP). The physical and chemical process was applied to bovine and human pericardia (DBP-DHP), and the detergent process was applied to bovine (DDBP). MATERIAL AND METHODS Native (NBP) and treated bovine tissues were assessed for decellularization (HE/DAPI/DNA/α-Gal and MHC-1 staining) and mechanical integrity ex vivo. Twenty Wistar rats received subcutaneous patches of each bovine tissue to assess immunogenic response up to 4 months (flow cytometry). Ten additional rats received four subcutaneous bovine-treated patches (one/condition) to evaluate the inflammatory reaction (CD3/CD68 immunostaining), calcification (von Kossa staining/calcium quantification), and integration assessment (Hematoxylin and eosin staining). Finally, 15 rodents received a patch on the aorta (DBP n = 5, DHP n = 5, and DGBP n = 5), and vascular biocompatibility and arterial wall regeneration were assessed after 4 months (CD3/CD68/CD31/ASMA and Miller staining). RESULTS DBP reached the higher level of decellularization, no immunogenic response whereas maintaining mechanical properties. DBP induced the lowest level grade of inflammation after 2 months (P < 0.05) concomitantly for better remodeling. No complications occurred with DBP and DHP where vascular regeneration was confirmed. Moreover, they induced a low level of CD3/CD68 infiltrations. CONCLUSIONS This process significantly reduces immunogenicity and improves biocompatibility of bovine and human pericardia for better vascular regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu van Steenberghe
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Secteur des Sciences de la Santé, Institut de Recherche expérimentale et clinique (IREC), Pôle de Chirurgie expérimentale et Transplantation (CHEX), Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Thomas Schubert
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Secteur des Sciences de la Santé, Institut de Recherche expérimentale et clinique (IREC), Pôle de Chirurgie expérimentale et Transplantation (CHEX), Brussels, Belgium; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Service d'orthopédie et de traumatologie de l'appareil locomoteur, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Daela Xhema
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Secteur des Sciences de la Santé, Institut de Recherche expérimentale et clinique (IREC), Pôle de Chirurgie expérimentale et Transplantation (CHEX), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- Université catholique de Louvain, IREC Imaging Platform (2IP), Institut de Recherche expérimentale et clinique (IREC), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yves Guiot
- Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Service d'anatomopathologie, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jérôme Duisit
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Secteur des Sciences de la Santé, Institut de Recherche expérimentale et clinique (IREC), Pôle de Chirurgie expérimentale et Transplantation (CHEX), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karim Abdelhamid
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, polyclinique médicale universitaire, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Gianello
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Secteur des Sciences de la Santé, Institut de Recherche expérimentale et clinique (IREC), Pôle de Chirurgie expérimentale et Transplantation (CHEX), Brussels, Belgium
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Mourad NI, Perota A, Xhema D, Galli C, Gianello P. Transgenic Expression of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) and Activated Muscarinic Receptor (M3R) Significantly Improves Pig Islet Secretory Function. Cell Transplant 2016; 26:901-911. [PMID: 27938490 DOI: 10.3727/096368916x693798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine islets show notoriously low insulin secretion levels in response to glucose stimulation. While this is somehow expected in the case of immature islets isolated from fetal and neonatal pigs, disappointingly low secretory responses are frequently reported in studies using in vitro-maturated fetal and neonatal islets and even fully differentiated adult islets. Herein we show that β-cell-specific expression of a modified glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and of a constitutively activated type 3 muscarinic receptor (M3R) efficiently amplifies glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Both adult and neonatal isolated pig islets were treated with adenoviral expression vectors carrying sequences encoding for GLP-1 and/or M3R. GSIS from transduced and control islets was evaluated during static incubation and dynamic perifusion assays. While expression of GLP-1 did not affect basal or stimulated insulin secretion, activated M3R produced a twofold increase in both first and second phases of GSIS. Coexpression of GLP-1 and M3R caused an even greater increase in the secretory response, which was amplified fourfold compared to controls. In conclusion, our work highlights pig islet insulin secretion deficiencies and proposes concomitant activation of cAMP-dependent and cholinergic pathways as a solution to ameliorate GSIS from pig islets used for transplantation.
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Schubert T, Xhema D, Vériter S, Schubert M, Behets C, Delloye C, Gianello P, Dufrane D. The enhanced performance of bone allografts using osteogenic-differentiated adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Biomaterials 2011; 32:8880-91. [PMID: 21872925 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2011] [Accepted: 08/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue was only recently considered as a potential source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for bone tissue engineering. To improve the osteogenicity of acellular bone allografts, adipose MSCs (AMSCs) and bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs) at nondifferentiated and osteogenic-differentiated stages were investigated in vitro and in vivo. In vitro experiments demonstrated a superiority of AMSCs for proliferation (6.1±2.3 days vs. 9.0±1.9 days between each passage for BM-MSCs, respectively, P<0.001). A significantly higher T-cell depletion (revealed by mixed lymphocyte reaction, [MLR]) was found for AMSCs (vs. BM-MSCs) at both non- and differentiated stages. Although nondifferentiated AMSCs secreted a higher amount of vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF] in vitro (between 24 and 72 h of incubation at 0.1-21% O(2)) than BM-MSCs (P<0.001), the osteogenic differentiation induced a significantly higher VEGF release by BM-MSCs at each condition (P<0.001). After implantation in the paraspinal muscles of nude rats, a significantly higher angiogenesis (histomorphometry for vessel development (P<0.005) and VEGF expression (P<0.001)) and osteogenesis (as revealed by osteocalcin expression (P<0.001) and micro-CT imagery for newly formed bone tissue (P<0.05)) were found for osteogenic-differentiated AMSCs in comparison to BM-MSCs after 30 days of implantation. Osteogenic-differentiated AMSCs are the best candidate to improve the angio-/osteogenicity of decellularized bone allografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Schubert
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery (IREC/CHEX), Université catholique de Louvain, Faculté de Médecine, Brussels, Belgium
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