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Coo S, García MI, Pérez JC, Aldoney D, Olhaberry M, Fernández O, Alamo N, Franco P, Pérez F, Fernández S, Fisher J, Rowe H. Online Intervention Targeting Postnatal Depression and Anxiety in Chilean First-Time Mothers: Feasibility Trial. J Pediatr Psychol 2024; 49:266-278. [PMID: 38070171 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsad086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Internet-based interventions may positively impact maternal symptoms of postnatal depression and anxiety. This study assessed the feasibility, acceptability, perceived usefulness, and preliminary effectiveness of an m-Health version of "What Were We Thinking?" (m-WWWT). METHODS A mixed-methods with a 2-arm randomized parallel design was used. From a total of 477 women, 157 met the inclusion criteria. 128 first-time mothers of full-term infants, aged 4-10 weeks, who received health care at primary public health centers in Chile, were randomly assigned to the experimental (EG, n = 65) or control (CG, n = 63) groups; data of 104 of them (53 and 51, respectively) was analyzed. We used percentages and rates to measure feasibility outcomes and mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) and latent class analyses (LCA) to assess preliminary effectiveness. Participants completed questionnaires on mental health, social support, and maternal self-efficacy upon recruitment and 3 months after completing the intervention. For the qualitative component, 12 women from the EG were interviewed. RESULTS Quantitative results show good feasibility outcomes, such as high recruitment (82%), low attrition (EG = 12% and CG = 17%), and high follow-up (EG = 97% and CG = 91%) rates. Qualitative results indicate high acceptability and perceived usefulness of m-WWWT. Mixed ANOVA did not show significant differences between the groups (all p >.05). However, multinomial regression analysis in LCA showed that women with low baseline symptoms of depression and anxiety benefit from the intervention (B = 0.43, 95% confidence interval 1.09-2.16). CONCLUSION m-WWWT is feasible to be implemented in Chile; future studies are needed to assess the intervention's effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soledad Coo
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo (UDD), Chile
| | | | - J Carola Pérez
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo (UDD), Chile
- Millennium Institute for Research on Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Chile
| | - Daniela Aldoney
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo (UDD), Chile
| | - Marcia Olhaberry
- Millennium Institute for Research on Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Chile
- School of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile
| | - Olga Fernández
- Millennium Institute for Research on Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Chile
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - Nicolle Alamo
- Millennium Institute for Research on Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Chile
- School of Social Work, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile
| | - Pamela Franco
- Millennium Institute for Research on Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Chile
- School of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile
| | - Francisca Pérez
- Millennium Institute for Research on Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Chile
- School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez
| | - Sofía Fernández
- School of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile
| | - Jane Fisher
- School of Population Health, Monash University, Australia
| | - Heather Rowe
- School of Population Health, Monash University, Australia
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Aldoney D, Coo S, Pérez JC, Muñoz-Najar A, González C, Montemurro M, Tapia L, Gana S, Silva LM, Panesso C, Silva J. Trajectories of Parental Daily Stress: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study during the COVID-19 Lockdown. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:6008. [PMID: 37297612 PMCID: PMC10252560 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20116008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic was a source of significant stress due to health and safety concerns and measures to control the virus' spread, such as mobility restrictions. This measure was especially demanding for parents with school aged children, who had to find new work-family balance as their children participate in online education while attempting to work remotely. To evaluate parents' stress trajectories during the pandemic, we conducted Ecological Momentary Assessments (EMAs) during lockdown for 29 days in 68 families in Santiago, Chile. In addition, we evaluated the role of educational level and income, co-parenting, and number of children in parents' stress trajectories. Our results showed that during the first weeks of lockdown expected protective factors (i.e., income and co-parental support) were not able to influence parents' daily stress management. Moreover, parents with higher educational levels reported worse stress adaptation than less educated parents. On the other hand, co-parental conflict was significantly associated with parent's stress. Our study captured an acute response to COVID-19 related challenges. This study contributes to understanding how parents adjust to stress during adverse circumstances such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Aldoney
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610658, Chile
| | - Soledad Coo
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610658, Chile
| | - Janet Carola Pérez
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610658, Chile
| | - Andrés Muñoz-Najar
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610658, Chile
| | - Constanza González
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610658, Chile
| | - Manuel Montemurro
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610658, Chile
| | - Leonel Tapia
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610658, Chile
| | - Sofía Gana
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610658, Chile
| | - Luz María Silva
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610658, Chile
| | - Carolina Panesso
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience (CSCN), School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago 7550313, Chile
| | - Jaime Silva
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610658, Chile
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Pérez JC, Aldoney D, García MI, Olhaberry M, Fernández O, Alamo N, Franco P, Pérez F, Fisher J, Rowe H, Coo S. Online intervention to prevent postnatal depression and anxiety in Chilean new mothers: Protocol for a feasibility trial. Health Informatics J 2022; 28:14604582221135440. [DOI: 10.1177/14604582221135440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Symptoms of postpartum depression and anxiety in new mothers are prevalent and negatively impact maternal emotional wellbeing and infant development. Barriers to accessing treatment prevent women from receiving mental health care, a situation that has worsened due to the COVID-19 pandemic. mHealth interventions hold the potential to support women during the transition to parenthood despite these barriers and to promote the use of preventive interventions. This study uses a mixed methods design to assess the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a psychoeducational, guided mHealth intervention to prevent postpartum mental health difficulties in women who receive care in primary health centers in Chile. The study will contribute to evidence-based research on the effectiveness of mHealth interventions for new mothers from an understudied cultural background. The findings will also enable the development of a larger randomized controlled trial to assess the effectiveness of the intervention, which, if effective, could significantly contribute to the emotional wellbeing of women and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Carola Pérez
- Millennium Institute for Research on Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Santiago, Chile; Facultad de Psicología. Universidad del Desarrollo (UDD), Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Aldoney
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo (UDD), Santiago, Chile
| | - María I García
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo (UDD), Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcia Olhaberry
- Millennium Institute for Research on Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Santiago, Chile; School of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Olga Fernández
- Millennium Institute for Research on Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Santiago, Chile; Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolle Alamo
- Millennium Institute for Research on Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Santiago, Chile; School of Social Work, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pamela Franco
- Millennium Institute for Research on Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Santiago, Chile; School of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisca Pérez
- Millennium Institute for Research on Depression and Personality (MIDAP), Santiago, Chile; Universidad Alberto Hurtado, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jane Fisher
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Heather Rowe
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Soledad Coo
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo (UDD), Santiago, Chile
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Pérez JC, Aldoney D, Vivanco-Carlevari A, Coo S, Guzmán EJ, Silva JR. Adapting to Adversity: Effects of COVID-19 on Parenting in Chile. Front Psychol 2022; 13:868817. [PMID: 35865694 PMCID: PMC9294446 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.868817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The pandemic outbreak in March 2020 and its associated sanitary regulations and restrictions triggered an abrupt and significant change for society in general and for families' organization in particular. In Chile, the Santiago Metropolitan District was under a strict lockdown that involved the closure of the entire educational system. From a systemic-family stress perspective, the impact of these changes might have consequences not only for each individual family member, but for the parental dynamic and, consequently, for children's well-being. This paper presents the results of a follow-up study showing changes in self-reported parental depression and the perceived home organization of mothers and fathers assessed at three different moments: before the pandemic, at the initial outbreak, and after 1 month of strict lockdown. Relevant moderators were explored using linear mixed models to understand the within-subject changes in mothers' and fathers' self-reports across the different assessment times. Financial strain, personality traits of self-criticism and dependency, previous parent-child quality interaction, recent major stressful events, and number of children are highlighted as relevant factors that moderate changes in home chaos and parental mental health perception. Significant risks and protective factors are described for fathers and mothers. The use of pre-pandemic measures as baseline levels enabled the identification of personal and family characteristics that were related to better outcomes. The results help increase our understanding of the sanitary regulations' impacts on the family system and identify vulnerability indicators that should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Carola Pérez
- Centro de Apego y Regulación Emocional, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Aldoney
- Centro de Apego y Regulación Emocional, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
- Sociedad Desarrollo Emocional, Santiago, Chile
| | - Anastassia Vivanco-Carlevari
- Centro de Apego y Regulación Emocional, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Social Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Soledad Coo
- Centro de Apego y Regulación Emocional, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
- Sociedad Desarrollo Emocional, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eugenio J. Guzmán
- Centro de Apego y Regulación Emocional, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jaime R. Silva
- Centro de Apego y Regulación Emocional, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
- Sociedad Desarrollo Emocional, Santiago, Chile
- Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Santiago, Chile
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Ugarte E, Narea M, Aldoney D, Weissman DG, Hastings PD. Family Risk and Externalizing Problems in Chilean Children: Mediation by Harsh Parenting and Emotional Support. Child Dev 2020; 92:871-888. [DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marigen Narea
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados sobre Justicia Educacional
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Cabrera NJ, Jeong Moon U, Fagan J, West J, Aldoney D. Cognitive Stimulation at Home and in Child Care and Children's Preacademic Skills in Two-Parent Families. Child Dev 2020; 91:1709-1717. [PMID: 32712964 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This paper used the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth Cohort (N = 1,258) to examine the influence of hilevels of cognitive stimulation from mothers, fathers, and childcare providers at 24 months and children's pre-academic skills at 48 and 60 months in two parent families. Results from path analysis showed direct positive effects of fathers' early cognitive stimulation on early reading and math skills at 48 and 60 months. There were also two moderated effects: The effects of high levels of maternal stimulation at 24 months on early math and reading skills at 48 months were largest for children also receiving high levels of cognitive stimulation from their childcare providers. Implications for including fathers in studies of the home cognitive stimulation and strengthening the parent-childcare connection are discussed.
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Mendive S, Mascareño Lara M, Aldoney D, Pérez JC, Pezoa JP. Home Language and Literacy Environments and Early Literacy Trajectories of Low-Socioeconomic Status Chilean Children. Child Dev 2020; 91:2042-2062. [PMID: 32648984 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study used Latent Class Analysis to identify groups of children exposed to similar Home Language and Literacy Environments (HLLE) and explored whether belonging to a given HLLE group was related to children's language and early literacy growth from prekindergarten to kindergarten. Participants were 1,425 Chilean mothers and their children (Mage = 52.52 months at baseline) from low-socioeconomic status households. Four HLLE groups were identified, which were associated with different trajectories of language and early literacy development. Children from groups whose mothers either read and talk about past events with them or teach them letters in addition to reading and talking about past events, showed higher relative vocabulary and letter knowledge. Implications for research and interventions are discussed.
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Cabrera NJ, Karberg E, Malin JL, Aldoney D. THE MAGIC OF PLAY: LOW-INCOME MOTHERS’ AND FATHERS’ PLAYFULNESS AND CHILDREN'S EMOTION REGULATION AND VOCABULARY SKILLS. Infant Ment Health J 2017; 38:757-771. [DOI: 10.1002/imhj.21682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Daniela Aldoney
- Centro de Apego y Regulación Emocional (CARE); Universidad del Desarrollo; Santiago Chile
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Abstract
We review the existing literature on how parents prepare their children to navigate an increasingly diverse world. In particular, we focus much of our attention on the ethnic-racial socialization practices and beliefs of ethnic minority and majority groups, as this area of the field is currently the most expounded. We begin by exploring the current and future demographic characteristics of the United States to better contextualize research on social justice by developmental scientists. We then review the theoretical frameworks typically used to guide this body of research. Next we examine ethnic minority parents' ethnic-racial socialization practices and discuss their implications. We then consider ethnic majority parents' ethnic-racial socialization practices. Finally we address gaps in the current literature and offer directions for future research. Taken together, this small body of literature is critical to understanding how children are socialized about diversity.
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Malin JL, Cabrera NJ, Karberg E, Aldoney D, Rowe ML. Low-income, minority fathers' control strategies and their children's regulatory skills. Infant Ment Health J 2014; 35:462-72. [PMID: 25798496 DOI: 10.1002/imhj.21467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The current study explored the bidirectional association of children's individual characteristics, fathers' control strategies at 24 months, and children's regulatory skills at prekindergarten (pre-K). Using a sample of low-income, minority families with 2-year-olds from the Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Project (n = 71), we assessed the association between child gender and vocabulary skills, fathers' control strategies at 24 months (e.g., regulatory behavior and regulatory language), and children's sustained attention and emotion regulation at prekindergarten. There were three main findings. First, fathers overwhelmingly used commands (e.g., "Do that.") to promote compliance in their 24-month-old children. Second, children's vocabulary skills predicted fathers' regulatory behaviors during a father-child interaction whereas children's gender predicted fathers' regulatory language during an interaction. Third, controlling for maternal supportiveness, fathers' regulatory behaviors at 24 months predicted children's sustained attention at pre-K whereas fathers' regulatory language at 24 months predicted children's emotion regulation at pre-K. Our findings highlight the importance of examining paternal contributions to children's regulatory skills.
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