1
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Britton D, Christians LF, Liu C, Legocki J, Xiao Y, Meleties M, Yang L, Cammer M, Jia S, Zhang Z, Mahmoudinobar F, Kowalski Z, Renfrew PD, Bonneau R, Pochan DJ, Pak AJ, Montclare JK. Correction to "Computational Prediction of Coiled-Coil Protein Gelation Dynamics and Structure". Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:3214. [PMID: 38630987 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
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2
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Patkar SS, Tang Y, Zhang T, Bisram AM, Saven JG, Pochan DJ, Kiick KL. Genetically Fused Resilin-like Polypeptide-Coiled Coil Bundlemer Conjugates Exhibit Tunable Multistimuli-Responsiveness and Undergo Nanofibrillar Assembly. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:2449-2461. [PMID: 38484154 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Peptide-based materials are diverse candidates for self-assembly into modularly designed and stimuli-responsive nanostructures with precisely tunable compositions. Here, we genetically fused computationally designed coiled coil-forming peptides to the N- and C-termini of compositionally distinct multistimuli-responsive resilin-like polypeptides (RLPs) of various lengths. The successful expression of these hybrid polypeptides in bacterial hosts was confirmed through techniques such as gel electrophoresis, mass spectrometry, and amino acid analysis. Circular dichroism spectroscopy and ultraviolet-visible turbidimetry demonstrated that despite the fusion of disparate structural and responsive units, the coiled coils remained stable in the hybrid polypeptides, and the sequence-encoded differences in thermoresponsive phase separation of the RLPs were preserved. Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy and coarse-grained modeling showed that after thermal annealing in solution, the hybrid polypeptides adopted a closed loop conformation and assembled into nanofibrils capable of further hierarchically organizing into cluster structures and ribbon-like structures mediated by the self-association tendency of the RLPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai S Patkar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Yao Tang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Tianren Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Arriana M Bisram
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Jeffery G Saven
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Darrin J Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Kristi L Kiick
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19713, United States
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3
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Britton D, Christians LF, Liu C, Legocki J, Xiao Y, Meleties M, Yang L, Cammer M, Jia S, Zhang Z, Mahmoudinobar F, Kowalski Z, Renfrew PD, Bonneau R, Pochan DJ, Pak AJ, Montclare JK. Computational Prediction of Coiled-Coil Protein Gelation Dynamics and Structure. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:258-271. [PMID: 38110299 PMCID: PMC10777397 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Protein hydrogels represent an important and growing biomaterial for a multitude of applications, including diagnostics and drug delivery. We have previously explored the ability to engineer the thermoresponsive supramolecular assembly of coiled-coil proteins into hydrogels with varying gelation properties, where we have defined important parameters in the coiled-coil hydrogel design. Using Rosetta energy scores and Poisson-Boltzmann electrostatic energies, we iterate a computational design strategy to predict the gelation of coiled-coil proteins while simultaneously exploring five new coiled-coil protein hydrogel sequences. Provided this library, we explore the impact of in silico energies on structure and gelation kinetics, where we also reveal a range of blue autofluorescence that enables hydrogel disassembly and recovery. As a result of this library, we identify the new coiled-coil hydrogel sequence, Q5, capable of gelation within 24 h at 4 °C, a more than 2-fold increase over that of our previous iteration Q2. The fast gelation time of Q5 enables the assessment of structural transition in real time using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) that is correlated to coarse-grained and atomistic molecular dynamics simulations revealing the supramolecular assembling behavior of coiled-coils toward nanofiber assembly and gelation. This work represents the first system of hydrogels with predictable self-assembly, autofluorescent capability, and a molecular model of coiled-coil fiber formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dustin Britton
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, New York 11201, United States
| | - Luc F. Christians
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Chengliang Liu
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, New York 11201, United States
| | - Jakub Legocki
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, New York 11201, United States
| | - Yingxin Xiao
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, New York 11201, United States
| | - Michael Meleties
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, New York 11201, United States
| | - Lin Yang
- National
Synchrotron Light Source-II, Brookhaven
National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Michael Cammer
- Microscopy
Laboratory, New York University Langone
Health, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Sihan Jia
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, New York 11201, United States
| | - Zihan Zhang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Farbod Mahmoudinobar
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, New York 11201, United States
- Center for
Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, New York, New York 10010, United States
| | - Zuzanna Kowalski
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, New York 11201, United States
| | - P. Douglas Renfrew
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, New York 11201, United States
| | - Richard Bonneau
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, New York 11201, United States
- Center
for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York
University, New York, New York 10003, United States
- Courant
Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Computer Science Department, New York University, New York, New York 10009, United States
| | - Darrin J. Pochan
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Alexander J. Pak
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
- Quantitative
Biosciences and Engineering, Colorado School
of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Jin Kim Montclare
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, New York 11201, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10012, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New
York University, New York, New York 11201, United States
- Bernard
and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department
of Radiology, New York University School
of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Department of Biomaterials, New York University
College of Dentistry, New York, New York 10010, United States
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4
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Halaszynski NI, Saven JG, Pochan DJ, Kloxin CJ. Thermoresponsive Coiled-Coil Peptide-Polymer Grafts. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:2001-2006. [PMID: 37874177 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Alkyl halide side groups are selectively incorporated into monodispersed, computationally designed coiled-coil-forming peptide nanoparticles. Poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PDMAEMA) is polymerized from the coiled-coil periphery using photoinitiated atom transfer radical polymerization (photoATRP) to synthesize well-defined, thermoresponsive star copolymer architectures. This facile synthetic route is readily extended to other monomers for a range of new complex star-polymer macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole I Halaszynski
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 P.S. duPont Hall, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Jeffery G Saven
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Darrin J Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 P.S. duPont Hall, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Christopher J Kloxin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 P.S. duPont Hall, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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5
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Patkar SS, Tang Y, Bisram AM, Zhang T, Saven JG, Pochan DJ, Kiick KL. Genetic Fusion of Thermoresponsive Polypeptides with UCST-type Behavior Mediates 1D Assembly of Coiled-Coil Bundlemers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202301331. [PMID: 36988077 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202301331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Thermoresponsive resilin-like polypeptides (RLPs) of various lengths were genetically fused to two different computationally designed coiled coil-forming peptides with distinct thermal stability, to develop new strategies to assemble coiled coil peptides via temperature-triggered phase separation of the RLP units. Their successful production in bacterial expression hosts was verified via gel electrophoresis, mass spectrometry, and amino acid analysis. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible (UV/Vis) turbidimetry, and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements confirmed the stability of the coiled coils and showed that the thermosensitive phase behavior of the RLPs was preserved in the genetically fused hybrid polypeptides. Cryogenic-transmission electron microscopy and coarse-grained modeling revealed that functionalizing the coiled coils with thermoresponsive RLPs leads to their thermally triggered noncovalent assembly into nanofibrillar assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai S Patkar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Yao Tang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Arriana M Bisram
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Tianren Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jeffery G Saven
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Darrin J Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Kristi L Kiick
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
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6
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Patkar SS, Tang Y, Bisram AM, Zhang T, Saven JG, Pochan DJ, Kiick KL. Genetic Fusion of Thermoresponsive Polypeptides with UCST‐type Behavior Mediates 1D Assembly of Coiled‐Coil Bundlemers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202301331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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7
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Sperle K, Pochan DJ, Langhans SA. 3D Hydrogel Cultures for High-Throughput Drug Discovery. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2614:369-381. [PMID: 36587136 PMCID: PMC10786336 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2914-7_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Our increased understanding of how a cell's microenvironment influences its behavior has fueled an interest in three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures for drug discovery. Particularly, scaffold-based 3D cultures are expected to recapitulate in vivo tissue stiffness and extracellular matrix composition more accurately than standard two-dimensional (2D) monolayer cultures. Here we present a 3D hydrogel cell culture setup suitable for automated screening with standard high-throughput screening (HTS) liquid handling equipment commonly found in a drug discovery laboratory. Further, we describe the steps required to validate the assay system for compound screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Sperle
- Nemours Biomedical Research, Nemours Children's Hospital - Delaware, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Darrin J Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Sigrid A Langhans
- Nemours Biomedical Research, Nemours Children's Hospital - Delaware, Wilmington, DE, USA.
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8
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Xue L, Gong N, Shepherd SJ, Xiong X, Liao X, Han X, Zhao G, Song C, Huang X, Zhang H, Padilla MS, Qin J, Shi Y, Alameh MG, Pochan DJ, Wang K, Long F, Weissman D, Mitchell MJ. Rational Design of Bisphosphonate Lipid-like Materials for mRNA Delivery to the Bone Microenvironment. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:9926-9937. [PMID: 35616998 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The development of lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulations for targeting the bone microenvironment holds significant potential for nucleic acid therapeutic applications including bone regeneration, cancer, and hematopoietic stem cell therapies. However, therapeutic delivery to bone remains a significant challenge due to several biological barriers, such as low blood flow in bone, blood-bone marrow barriers, and low affinity between drugs and bone minerals, which leads to unfavorable therapeutic dosages in the bone microenvironment. Here, we construct a series of bisphosphonate (BP) lipid-like materials possessing a high affinity for bone minerals, as a means to overcome biological barriers to deliver mRNA therapeutics efficiently to the bone microenvironment in vivo. Following in vitro screening of BP lipid-like materials formulated into LNPs, we identified a lead BP-LNP formulation, 490BP-C14, with enhanced mRNA expression and localization in the bone microenvironment of mice in vivo compared to 490-C14 LNPs in the absence of BPs. Moreover, BP-LNPs enhanced mRNA delivery and secretion of therapeutic bone morphogenetic protein-2 from the bone microenvironment upon intravenous administration. These results demonstrate the potential of BP-LNPs for delivery to the bone microenvironment, which could potentially be utilized for a range of mRNA therapeutic applications including regenerative medicine, protein replacement, and gene editing therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Xue
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Ningqiang Gong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Sarah J Shepherd
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Xinhong Xiong
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313001, China
| | - Xueyang Liao
- Translational Research Program of Pediatric Orthopedics, Department of Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Xuexiang Han
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Gan Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Chao Song
- Translational Research Program of Pediatric Orthopedics, Department of Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Xisha Huang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Hanwen Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Marshall S Padilla
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jingya Qin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Yi Shi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Mohamad-Gabriel Alameh
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Darrin J Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Karin Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Fanxin Long
- Translational Research Program of Pediatric Orthopedics, Department of Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Drew Weissman
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Michael J Mitchell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.,Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.,Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.,Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19014, United States.,Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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9
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Guo R, Sinha NJ, Misra R, Tang Y, Langenstein M, Kim K, Fagan JA, Kloxin CJ, Jensen G, Pochan DJ, Saven JG. Computational Design of Homotetrameric Peptide Bundle Variants Spanning a Wide Range of Charge States. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:1652-1661. [PMID: 35312288 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
With the ability to design their sequences and structures, peptides can be engineered to realize a wide variety of functionalities and structures. Herein, computational design was used to identify a set of 17 peptides having a wide range of putative charge states but the same tetrameric coiled-coil bundle structure. Calculations were performed to identify suitable locations for ionizable residues (D, E, K, and R) at the bundle's exterior sites, while interior hydrophobic interactions were retained. The designed bundle structures spanned putative charge states of -32 to +32 in units of electron charge. The peptides were experimentally investigated using spectroscopic and scattering techniques. Thermal stabilities of the bundles were investigated using circular dichroism. Molecular dynamics simulations assessed structural fluctuations within the bundles. The cylindrical peptide bundles, 4 nm long by 2 nm in diameter, were covalently linked to form rigid, micron-scale polymers and characterized using transmission electron microscopy. The designed suite of sequences provides a set of readily realized nanometer-scale structures of tunable charge that can also be polymerized to yield rigid-rod polyelectrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Nairiti J Sinha
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States.,NIST Center for Neutron Research (NCNR), National Institute of Standards & Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Rajkumar Misra
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Yao Tang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Matthew Langenstein
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Kyunghee Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Jeffrey A Fagan
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards & Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Christopher J Kloxin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Grethe Jensen
- NIST Center for Neutron Research (NCNR), National Institute of Standards & Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Darrin J Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Jeffery G Saven
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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10
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Sinha NJ, Langenstein MG, Pochan DJ, Kloxin CJ, Saven JG. Peptide Design and Self-assembly into Targeted Nanostructure and Functional Materials. Chem Rev 2021; 121:13915-13935. [PMID: 34709798 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Peptides have been extensively utilized to construct nanomaterials that display targeted structure through hierarchical assembly. The self-assembly of both rationally designed peptides derived from naturally occurring domains in proteins as well as intuitively or computationally designed peptides that form β-sheets and helical secondary structures have been widely successful in constructing nanoscale morphologies with well-defined 1-d, 2-d, and 3-d architectures. In this review, we discuss these successes of peptide self-assembly, especially in the context of designing hierarchical materials. In particular, we emphasize the differences in the level of peptide design as an indicator of complexity within the targeted self-assembled materials and highlight future avenues for scientific and technological advances in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nairiti J Sinha
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Matthew G Langenstein
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Darrin J Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Christopher J Kloxin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Jeffery G Saven
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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11
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Zhang D, Atochina-Vasserman EN, Maurya DS, Huang N, Xiao Q, Ona N, Liu M, Shahnawaz H, Ni H, Kim K, Billingsley MM, Pochan DJ, Mitchell MJ, Weissman D, Percec V. One-Component Multifunctional Sequence-Defined Ionizable Amphiphilic Janus Dendrimer Delivery Systems for mRNA. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:12315-12327. [PMID: 34324336 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Efficient viral or nonviral delivery of nucleic acids is the key step of genetic nanomedicine. Both viral and synthetic vectors have been successfully employed for genetic delivery with recent examples being DNA, adenoviral, and mRNA-based Covid-19 vaccines. Viral vectors can be target specific and very efficient but can also mediate severe immune response, cell toxicity, and mutations. Four-component lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) containing ionizable lipids, phospholipids, cholesterol for mechanical properties, and PEG-conjugated lipid for stability represent the current leading nonviral vectors for mRNA. However, the segregation of the neutral ionizable lipid as droplets in the core of the LNP, the "PEG dilemma", and the stability at only very low temperatures limit their efficiency. Here, we report the development of a one-component multifunctional ionizable amphiphilic Janus dendrimer (IAJD) delivery system for mRNA that exhibits high activity at a low concentration of ionizable amines organized in a sequence-defined arrangement. Six libraries containing 54 sequence-defined IAJDs were synthesized by an accelerated modular-orthogonal methodology and coassembled with mRNA into dendrimersome nanoparticles (DNPs) by a simple injection method rather than by the complex microfluidic technology often used for LNPs. Forty four (81%) showed activity in vitro and 31 (57%) in vivo. Some, exhibiting organ specificity, are stable at 5 °C and demonstrated higher transfection efficiency than positive control experiments in vitro and in vivo. Aside from practical applications, this proof of concept will help elucidate the mechanisms of packaging and release of mRNA from DNPs as a function of ionizable amine concentration, their sequence, and constitutional isomerism of IAJDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Zhang
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Elena N Atochina-Vasserman
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Devendra S Maurya
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Ning Huang
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Qi Xiao
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Nathan Ona
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Matthew Liu
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Hamna Shahnawaz
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Houping Ni
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Kyunghee Kim
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Margaret M Billingsley
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6321, United States
| | - Darrin J Pochan
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Michael J Mitchell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6321, United States
| | - Drew Weissman
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Virgil Percec
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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12
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Kim K, Kloxin CJ, Saven JG, Pochan DJ. Nanofibers Produced by Electrospinning of Ultrarigid Polymer Rods Made from Designed Peptide Bundlemers. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:26339-26351. [PMID: 34029045 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mimicking the hierarchical assembly of natural fiber materials is an important design challenge in the manufacturing of nanostructured materials with biomolecules such as peptides. Here, we produce nanofibers with control of structure over multiple length scales, ranging from peptide molecule assembly into supramolecular building blocks called "bundlemers," to rigid-rod formation through a covalent connection of bundlemer building blocks, and, ultimately, to uniaxially oriented fibers made with the rigid-rod polymers. The peptides are designed to physically assemble into coiled-coil bundles, or bundlemers, and to covalently interact in an end-to-end fashion to produce the rigid-rod polymer. The resultant rodlike polymer exhibits a rigid, cylindrical nanostructure confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and, correspondingly, exhibits shear-thinning behavior at low shear rates observed in many nanoscopic rod systems. The rigid-rod chains are further organized into final fiber materials via electrospinning processing, all the while preserving their unique rodlike structural characteristics. Morphological and structural investigations of the nanofibers through scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray scattering, as well as molecular characterization via Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy, show that continuous nanofibers are composed of oriented rigid-rod chains constituted by α-helical peptides within bundle building blocks. Mechanical properties of electrospun fibers are also presented. The ability to produce nanofibers from the oriented rigid-rod polymer reveals bundlemer chains as a viable tool for the development of new fiber materials with targeted structure and properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyunghee Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Christopher J Kloxin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Jeffery G Saven
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Darrin J Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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Sinha NJ, Kloxin CJ, Saven JG, Jensen GV, Kelman Z, Pochan DJ. Recombinant expression of computationally designed peptide-bundlemers in Escherichia coli. J Biotechnol 2021; 330:57-60. [PMID: 33689866 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Computational design of fully artificial peptides is extensively researched by material scientists and engineers for the construction of novel nanostructures and biomaterials. Such design has yielded a peptide-based building block or bundlemer, a coiled coil peptide assembly that undergoes further physical-covalent interactions to form 1D, 2D and, potentially, 3D hierarchical assemblies and displays targeted and biomimetic material properties. Recombinant expression is a convenient, flexible tool to synthesize such artificial and modified peptides in large quantities while also enabling economical synthesis of isotopically labeled peptides and longer protein-like artificial peptides. This report describes the protocol for recombinant expression of a 31-amino acid, computationally designed bundlemer-forming peptide in Escherichia coli. Peptide yields of 10 mgs per liter of media were achieved which highlights complementary advantages of recombinant expression technique relative to conventional laboratory-scale synthesis, such as solid-phase peptide synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nairiti J Sinha
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA; NIST Center for Neutron Research (NCNR), National Institute of Standards & Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Christopher J Kloxin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Jeffery G Saven
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Grethe V Jensen
- NIST Center for Neutron Research (NCNR), National Institute of Standards & Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Zvi Kelman
- Biomolecular Labeling Laboratory, National Institute of Standards & Technology (NIST) and Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research (IBBR), Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Darrin J Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
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Lee JY, Song Y, Wessels MG, Jayaraman A, Wooley KL, Pochan DJ. Hierarchical Self-Assembly of Poly(d-glucose carbonate) Amphiphilic Block Copolymers in Mixed Solvents. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jee Young Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Yue Song
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Michiel G. Wessels
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Arthi Jayaraman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Karen L. Wooley
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Darrin J. Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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Sinha NJ, Wu D, Kloxin CJ, Saven JG, Jensen GV, Pochan DJ. Polyelectrolyte character of rigid rod peptide bundlemer chains constructed via hierarchical self-assembly. Soft Matter 2019; 15:9858-9870. [PMID: 31738361 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01894h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Short α-helical peptides were computationally designed to self-assemble into robust coiled coils that are antiparallel, homotetrameric bundles. These peptide bundle units, or 'bundlemers', have been utilized as anisotropic building blocks to construct bundlemer-based polymers via a hierarchical, hybrid physical-covalent assembly pathway. The bundlemer chains were constructed using short linker connections via 'click' chemistry reactions between the N-termini of bundlemer constituent peptides. The resulting bundlemer chains appear as extremely rigid, cylindrical rods in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) shows that these bundlemer chains exist as individual rods in solution with a cross-section that is equal to that of a single coiled coil bundlemer building block of ≈20 Å. SANS further confirms that the interparticle solution structure of the rigid rod bundlemer chains is heterogeneous and responsive to solution conditions, such as ionic-strength and pH. Due to their peptidic constitution, the bundlemer assemblies behave like polyelectrolytes that carry an average charge density of approximately 3 charges per bundlemer as determined from SANS structure factor data fitting, which describes the repulsion between charged rods in solution. This repulsion manifests as a correlation hole in the scattering profile that is suppressed by dilution or addition of salt. Presence of rod cluster aggregates with a mass fractal dimension of ≈2.5 is also confirmed across all samples. The formation of such dense, fractal-like cluster aggregates in a solution of net repulsive rods is a unique example of the subtle balance between short-range attraction and long-rage repulsion interactions in proteins and other biomaterials. With computational control of constituent peptide sequences, it is further possible to deconvolute the underlying sequence driven structure-property relationships in the modular bundlemer chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nairiti J Sinha
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
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Wu D, Sinha N, Lee J, Sutherland BP, Halaszynski NI, Tian Y, Caplan J, Zhang HV, Saven JG, Kloxin CJ, Pochan DJ. Polymers with controlled assembly and rigidity made with click-functional peptide bundles. Nature 2019; 574:658-662. [PMID: 31666724 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1683-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The engineering of biological molecules is a key concept in the design of highly functional, sophisticated soft materials. Biomolecules exhibit a wide range of functions and structures, including chemical recognition (of enzyme substrates or adhesive ligands1, for instance), exquisite nanostructures (composed of peptides2, proteins3 or nucleic acids4), and unusual mechanical properties (such as silk-like strength3, stiffness5, viscoelasticity6 and resiliency7). Here we combine the computational design of physical (noncovalent) interactions with pathway-dependent, hierarchical 'click' covalent assembly to produce hybrid synthetic peptide-based polymers. The nanometre-scale monomeric units of these polymers are homotetrameric, α-helical bundles of low-molecular-weight peptides. These bundled monomers, or 'bundlemers', can be designed to provide complete control of the stability, size and spatial display of chemical functionalities. The protein-like structure of the bundle allows precise positioning of covalent linkages between the ends of distinct bundlemers, resulting in polymers with interesting and controllable physical characteristics, such as rigid rods, semiflexible or kinked chains, and thermally responsive hydrogel networks. Chain stiffness can be controlled by varying only the linkage. Furthermore, by controlling the amino acid sequence along the bundlemer periphery, we use specific amino acid side chains, including non-natural 'click' chemistry functionalities, to conjugate moieties into a desired pattern, enabling the creation of a wide variety of hybrid nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Nairiti Sinha
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Jeeyoung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Bryan P Sutherland
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Nicole I Halaszynski
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Jeffrey Caplan
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Huixi Violet Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jeffery G Saven
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Christopher J Kloxin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA. .,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
| | - Darrin J Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.
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Beltran-Villegas DJ, Wessels MG, Lee JY, Song Y, Wooley KL, Pochan DJ, Jayaraman A. Computational Reverse-Engineering Analysis for Scattering Experiments on Amphiphilic Block Polymer Solutions. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:14916-14930. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b08028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Beltran-Villegas
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Colburn Laboratory, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Michiel G. Wessels
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Colburn Laboratory, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Jee Young Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 DuPont Hall, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Yue Song
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Karen L. Wooley
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Darrin J. Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 DuPont Hall, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Arthi Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Colburn Laboratory, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 DuPont Hall, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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Worthington P, Drake KM, Li Z, Napper AD, Pochan DJ, Langhans SA. Implementation of a High-Throughput Pilot Screen in Peptide Hydrogel-Based Three-Dimensional Cell Cultures. SLAS Discov 2019; 24:714-723. [PMID: 31039326 PMCID: PMC7277073 DOI: 10.1177/2472555219844570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cell-based high-throughput drug screening (HTS) is a common starting point for the drug discovery and development process. Currently, there is a push to combine complex cell culture systems with HTS to provide more clinically applicable results. However, there are mechanistic requirements inherent to HTS as well as material limitations that make this integration challenging. Here, we used the peptide-based shear-thinning hydrogel MAX8 tagged with the RGDS sequence to create a synthetic extracellular scaffold to culture cells in three dimensions and showed a preliminary implementation of the scaffold within an automated HTS setup using a pilot drug screen targeting medulloblastoma, a pediatric brain cancer. A total of 2202 compounds were screened in the 384-well format against cells encapsulated in the hydrogel as well as cells growing on traditional two-dimensional (2D) plastic. Eighty-two compounds passed the first round of screening at a single point of concentration. Sixteen-point dose-response was done on those 82 compounds, of which 17 compounds were validated. Three-dimensional (3D) cell-based HTS could be a powerful screening tool that allows researchers to finely tune the cell microenvironment, getting more clinically applicable data as a result. Here, we have shown the successful integration of a peptide-based hydrogel into the high-throughput format.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Worthington
- Nemours Center for Cancer Research, Alfred I duPont Hospital of Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Katherine M. Drake
- Nemours Center for Cancer Research, Alfred I duPont Hospital of Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - Zhiqin Li
- Nemours Center for Cancer Research, Alfred I duPont Hospital of Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - Andrew D. Napper
- Nemours Center for Cancer Research, Alfred I duPont Hospital of Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - Darrin J. Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Sigrid A. Langhans
- Nemours Center for Cancer Research, Alfred I duPont Hospital of Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
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Gelenter MD, Smith KJ, Liao SY, Mandala VS, Dregni AJ, Lamm MS, Tian Y, Xu W, Pochan DJ, Tucker TJ, Su Y, Hong M. The peptide hormone glucagon forms amyloid fibrils with two coexisting β-strand conformations. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2019; 26:592-598. [PMID: 31235909 PMCID: PMC6609468 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-019-0238-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Glucagon and insulin maintain blood glucose homeostasis and are used to treat hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, respectively, in patients with diabetes. Whereas insulin is stable for weeks in its solution formulation, glucagon fibrillizes rapidly at the acidic pH required for solubility and is therefore formulated as a lyophilized powder that is reconstituted in an acidic solution immediately before use. Here we use solid-state NMR to determine the atomic-resolution structure of fibrils of synthetic human glucagon grown at pharmaceutically relevant low pH. Unexpectedly, two sets of chemical shifts are observed, indicating the coexistence of two β-strand conformations. The two conformations have distinct water accessibilities and intermolecular contacts, indicating that they alternate and hydrogen bond in an antiparallel fashion along the fibril axis. Two antiparallel β-sheets assemble with symmetric homodimer cross sections. This amyloid structure is stabilized by numerous aromatic, cation-π, polar and hydrophobic interactions, suggesting mutagenesis approaches to inhibit fibrillization could improve this important drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin D Gelenter
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Katelyn J Smith
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Shu-Yu Liao
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, USA
| | - Venkata S Mandala
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Aurelio J Dregni
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Matthew S Lamm
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Eckhardt Research Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wei Xu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Darrin J Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | | | - Yongchao Su
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA.
| | - Mei Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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20
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Dong M, Wessels MG, Lee JY, Su L, Wang H, Letteri RA, Song Y, Lin YN, Chen Y, Li R, Pochan DJ, Jayaraman A, Wooley KL. Experiments and Simulations of Complex Sugar-Based Coil-Brush Block Polymer Nanoassemblies in Aqueous Solution. ACS Nano 2019; 13:5147-5162. [PMID: 30990651 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b08811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we investigated the fundamental molecular parameters that guide the supramolecular assembly of glucose-based amphiphilic coil-brush block polymers in aqueous solution and elucidated architecture-morphology relationships through experimental and simulation tools. Well-defined coil-brush polymers were synthesized through ring-opening polymerizations (ROP) of glucose carbonates to afford norbornenyl-functionalized poly(glucose carbonate) (NB-PGC) macromonomers, followed by sequential ring-opening metathesis polymerizations (ROMP) of norbornene N-hydroxysuccinimidyl (NHS) esters and the NB-PGC macromonomers. Variation of the macromonomer length and grafting through ROMP conditions allowed for a series of coil-brush polymers to be synthesized with differences in the brush and coil dimensions, independently, where the side chain graft length and brush backbone were used to tune the brush, and the coil block length was used to vary the coil. Hydrolysis of the NHS moieties gave the amphiphilic coil-brush polymers, where the hydrophilic-hydrophobic ratios were dependent on the brush and coil relative dimensions. Experimental assembly in solution was studied and found to yield a variety of structurally dependent nanostructures. Simulations were conducted on the solution assembly of coil-brush polymers, where the polymers were represented by a coarse-grained model and the solvent was represented implicitly. There is qualitative agreement in the phase diagrams obtained from simulations and experiments, in terms of the morphologies of the assembled nanoscopic structures achieved as a function of coil-brush design parameters ( e.g., brush and coil lengths, composition). The simulations further showed the chain conformations adopted by the coil-brush polymers and the packing within these assembled nanoscopic structures. This work enables the predictive design of nanostructures from this glucose-based coil-brush polymer platform while providing a fundamental understanding of interactions within solution assembly of complex polymer building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Dong
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, Materials Science & Engineering, and the Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Michiel G Wessels
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Colburn Laboratory , University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
| | - Jee Young Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
| | - Lu Su
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, Materials Science & Engineering, and the Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Hai Wang
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, Materials Science & Engineering, and the Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Rachel A Letteri
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, Materials Science & Engineering, and the Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Yue Song
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, Materials Science & Engineering, and the Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Yen-Nan Lin
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, Materials Science & Engineering, and the Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
- College of Medicine , Texas A&M University , Bryan , Texas 77807 , United States
| | - Yingchao Chen
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, Materials Science & Engineering, and the Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Richen Li
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, Materials Science & Engineering, and the Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Darrin J Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
| | - Arthi Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Colburn Laboratory , University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
| | - Karen L Wooley
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, Materials Science & Engineering, and the Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
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Abstract
The model peptides A8K and A10K self-assemble in water into ca. 100 nm long ribbon-like aggregates. These structures can be described as β-sheets laminated into a ribbon structure with a constant elliptical cross-section of 4 by 8 nm, where the longer axis corresponds to a finite number, N ≈ 15, of laminated sheets, and 4 nm corresponds to a stretched peptide length. The ribbon cross-section is strikingly constant and independent of the peptide concentration. High-contrast transmission electron microscopy shows that the ribbons are twisted with a pitch λ ≈ 15 nm. The self-assembly is analyzed within a simple model taking into account the interfacial free energy of the hydrophobic β-sheets and a free energy penalty arising from an increased stretching of hydrogen bonds within the laminated β-sheets, arising from the twist of the ribbons. The model predicts an optimal value N, in agreement with the experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Rüter
- Division of Physical Chemistry , Lund University , SE-22100 Lund , Sweden
| | - Stefan Kuczera
- Division of Physical Chemistry , Lund University , SE-22100 Lund , Sweden
| | - Darrin J Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
| | - Ulf Olsson
- Division of Physical Chemistry , Lund University , SE-22100 Lund , Sweden
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Tian Y, Polzer FB, Zhang HV, Kiick KL, Saven JG, Pochan DJ. Nanotubes, Plates, and Needles: Pathway-Dependent Self-Assembly of Computationally Designed Peptides. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:4286-4298. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tian
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Frank B. Polzer
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Huixi Violet Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Kristi L. Kiick
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Jeffery G. Saven
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Darrin J. Pochan
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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Haider MJ, Zhang HV, Sinha N, Fagan JA, Kiick KL, Saven JG, Pochan DJ. Self-assembly and soluble aggregate behavior of computationally designed coiled-coil peptide bundles. Soft Matter 2018; 14:5488-5496. [PMID: 29923575 PMCID: PMC6355460 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm00435h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Coiled-coil peptides have proven useful in a range of materials applications ranging from the formation of well-defined fibrils to responsive hydrogels. The ability to design from first principles their oligomerization and subsequent higher order assembly offers their expanded use in producing new materials. Toward these ends, homo-tetrameric, antiparallel, coiled-coil, peptide bundles have been designed computationally, synthesized via solid-phase methods, and their solution behavior characterized. Two different bundle-forming peptides were designed and examined. Within the targeted coiled coil structure, both bundles contained the same hydrophobic core residues. However, different exterior residues on the two different designs yielded sequences with different distributions of charged residues and two different expected isoelectric points of pI 4.4 and pI 10.5. Both coiled-coil bundles were extremely stable with respect to temperature (Tm > 80 C) and remained soluble in solution even at high (millimolar) peptide concentrations. The coiled-coil tetramer was confirmed to be the dominant species in solution by analytical sedimentation studies and by small-angle neutron scattering, where the scattering form factor is well represented by a cylinder model with the dimensions of the targeted coiled coil. At high concentrations (5-15 mM), evidence of interbundle structure was observed via neutron scattering. At these concentrations, the synthetic bundles form soluble aggregates, and interbundle distances can be determined via a structure factor fit to scattering data. The data support the successful design of robust coiled-coil bundles. Despite their different sequences, each sequence forms loosely associated but soluble aggregates of the bundles, suggesting similar dissociated states for each. The behavior of the dispersed bundles is similar to that observed for natural proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Haider
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA. ,
| | - Huixi Violet Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
| | - Nairiti Sinha
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA. ,
| | - Jeffrey A. Fagan
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA.
| | - Kristi L. Kiick
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA. ,
| | - Jeffery G. Saven
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
| | - Darrin J. Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA. ,
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Nagarkar RP, Miller SE, Zhong S, Pochan DJ, Schneider JP. Dynamic protein folding at the surface of stimuli-responsive peptide fibrils. Protein Sci 2018; 27:1243-1251. [PMID: 29493033 PMCID: PMC6032354 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The repetitive self-assembled structure of amyloid can serve as inspiration to design functional materials. Herein, we describe the design of α/β6, a peptide that contains distinct α-helical and β-structure forming domains. The folding and association state of each domain can be controlled by temperature. At low temperatures, the α-domain favors a coiled-coil state while the β-domain is unstructured. Irreversible fibril formation via self-assembly of the β-domain is triggered at high temperatures where the α-domain is unfolded. Resultant fibrils serve as templates upon which reversible coiled coil formation of the α-domain can be thermally controlled. At concentrations of α/β6 ≥ 2.5 wt%, the peptide forms a mechanically defined hydrogel highlighting the possibility of designing materials whose function can be actively modulated by controlling the folded state of proteins displayed from the surface of fibrils that constitute the gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika P. Nagarkar
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of DelawareNewarkDelaware19716
| | - Stephen E. Miller
- Chemical Biology LaboratoryNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthFrederickMaryland21702
| | - Sheng Zhong
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of DelawareNewarkDelaware19716
| | - Darrin J. Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of DelawareNewarkDelaware19716
| | - Joel P. Schneider
- Chemical Biology LaboratoryNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthFrederickMaryland21702
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25
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Tian Y, Zhang HV, Kiick KL, Saven JG, Pochan DJ. Transition from disordered aggregates to ordered lattices: kinetic control of the assembly of a computationally designed peptide. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:6109-6118. [PMID: 28639674 PMCID: PMC8783983 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01197k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Natural biomolecular self-assembly typically occurs under a narrow range of solution conditions, and the design of sequences that can form prescribed structures under a range of such conditions would be valuable in the bottom-up assembly of predetermined nanostructures. We present a computationally designed peptide that robustly self-assembles into regular arrays under a wide range of solution pH and temperature conditions. Controling the solution conditions provides the opportunity to exploit a simple and reproducible approach for altering the pathway of peptide solution self-assembly. The computationally designed peptide forms a homotetrameric coiled-coil bundle that further self-assembles into 2-D plate structures with well-defined inter-bundle symmetry. Herein, we present how modulation of solution conditions, such as pH and temperature, can be used to control the kinetics of the inter-bundle assembly and manipulate the final morphology. Changes in solution pH primarily influence the inter-bundle assembly by affecting the charged state of ionizable residues on the bundle exterior while leaving the homotetrameric coiled-coil structure intact. At low pH, repulsive interactions prevent 2-D lattice nanostructure formation. Near the estimated isoelectric point of the peptide, bundle aggregation is rapid and yields disordered products, which subsequently transform into ordered nanostructures over days to weeks. At elevated temperatures (T = 40 °C or 50 °C), the formation of disordered, kinetically-trapped products largely can be eliminated, allowing the system to quickly assemble into plate-like nanostructured lattices. Moreover, subtle changes in pH and in the peptide charge state have a significant influence on the thickness of formed plates and on the hierarchical manner in which plates fuse into larger material structures with observable grain boundaries. These findings confirm the ability to finely tune the peptide assembly process to achieve a range of engineered structures with one simple 29-residue peptide building block.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tian
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA.
| | - Huixi Violet Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
| | - Kristi L Kiick
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA.
| | - Jeffery G Saven
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
| | - Darrin J Pochan
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA.
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26
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Worthington P, Drake KM, Li Z, Napper AD, Pochan DJ, Langhans SA. Beta-hairpin hydrogels as scaffolds for high-throughput drug discovery in three-dimensional cell culture. Anal Biochem 2017; 535:25-34. [PMID: 28757092 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2017.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Automated cell-based high-throughput screening (HTS) is a powerful tool in drug discovery, and it is increasingly being recognized that three-dimensional (3D) models, which more closely mimic in vivo-like conditions, are desirable screening platforms. One limitation hampering the development of 3D HTS is the lack of suitable 3D culture scaffolds that can readily be incorporated into existing HTS infrastructure. We now show that β-hairpin peptide hydrogels can serve as a 3D cell culture platform that is compatible with HTS. MAX8 β-hairpin peptides can physically assemble into a hydrogel with defined porosity, permeability and mechanical stability with encapsulated cells. Most importantly, the hydrogels can then be injected under shear-flow and immediately reheal into a hydrogel with the same properties exhibited prior to injection. The post-injection hydrogels are cell culture compatible at physiological conditions. Using standard HTS equipment and medulloblastoma pediatric brain tumor cells as a model system, we show that automatic distribution of cell-peptide mixtures into 384-well assay plates results in evenly dispensed, viable MAX8-cell constructs suitable for commercially available cell viability assays. Since MAX8 peptides can be functionalized to mimic the microenvironment of cells from a variety of origins, MAX8 peptide gels should have broad applicability for 3D HTS drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Worthington
- Nemours Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
| | - Katherine M Drake
- Nemours Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA.
| | - Zhiqin Li
- Nemours Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA.
| | - Andrew D Napper
- Nemours Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA.
| | - Darrin J Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
| | - Sigrid A Langhans
- Nemours Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA.
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27
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Zhang HV, Polzer F, Haider MJ, Tian Y, Villegas JA, Kiick KL, Pochan DJ, Saven JG. Computationally designed peptides for self-assembly of nanostructured lattices. Sci Adv 2016; 2:e1600307. [PMID: 27626071 PMCID: PMC5017825 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1600307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Folded peptides present complex exterior surfaces specified by their amino acid sequences, and the control of these surfaces offers high-precision routes to self-assembling materials. The complexity of peptide structure and the subtlety of noncovalent interactions make the design of predetermined nanostructures difficult. Computational methods can facilitate this design and are used here to determine 29-residue peptides that form tetrahelical bundles that, in turn, serve as building blocks for lattice-forming materials. Four distinct assemblies were engineered. Peptide bundle exterior amino acids were designed in the context of three different interbundle lattices in addition to one design to produce bundles isolated in solution. Solution assembly produced three different types of lattice-forming materials that exhibited varying degrees of agreement with the chosen lattices used in the design of each sequence. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the nanostructure of the sheetlike nanomaterials. In contrast, the peptide sequence designed to form isolated, soluble, tetrameric bundles remained dispersed and did not form any higher-order assembled nanostructure. Small-angle neutron scattering confirmed the formation of soluble bundles with the designed size. In the lattice-forming nanostructures, the solution assembly process is robust with respect to variation of solution conditions (pH and temperature) and covalent modification of the computationally designed peptides. Solution conditions can be used to control micrometer-scale morphology of the assemblies. The findings illustrate that, with careful control of molecular structure and solution conditions, a single peptide motif can be versatile enough to yield a wide range of self-assembled lattice morphologies across many length scales (1 to 1000 nm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixi Violet Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Frank Polzer
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Michael J. Haider
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Jose A. Villegas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kristi L. Kiick
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Corresponding author. (D.J.P.); (K.L.K.); (J.G.S.)
| | - Darrin J. Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Corresponding author. (D.J.P.); (K.L.K.); (J.G.S.)
| | - Jeffery G. Saven
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Corresponding author. (D.J.P.); (K.L.K.); (J.G.S.)
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28
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Worthington P, Drake KM, Napper AD, Pochan DJ, Langhans SA. Abstract 2171: Beta-hairpin peptide hydrogels as scaffolds for 3D high-throughput cancer drug discovery. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-2171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
High-throughput screening (HTS) remains a promising initial step in discovering novel lead compounds for cancer therapy, but its value is limited by the poor predictability of clinical effectiveness of candidate compounds. One compelling reason for this lack of reliability to predict in vivo efficacy is the fact that most HTS is done using traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures. While 2D cultures are convenient and can easily be automated, compelling evidence suggests that cells cultured in these non-physiological conditions differ from cells grown in the more in vivo like three-dimensional (3D) systems that better mimic microenvironments. Thus, a 3D culture model is expected to be a better platform for cancer drug discovery. Here we demonstrate the feasibility of a beta-hairpin hydrogel as a novel platform for 3D HTS. MAX8 forms a bonded fibrillar hydrogel network under physiological conditions and moreover, due to its unique shear-thinning abilities can be incorporated into standard HTS equipment. MAX8 is biocompatible with a variety of cancer cell lines, can be tuned for porosity, permeability and stiffness, and can be functionalized with common and cell-type specific ligands to more closely resemble an in vivo-like tumor environment. Using medulloblastoma cells that are known to display more immature, tumor-like features in 3D and that were automatically dispensed onto 384-well plates we have developed a robust assay to measure cell viability on a HTS platform that will have broad applicability for other cancers for which 3D HTS is desirable.
Citation Format: Peter Worthington, Katherine M. Drake, Andrew D. Napper, Darrin J. Pochan, Sigrid A. Langhans. Beta-hairpin peptide hydrogels as scaffolds for 3D high-throughput cancer drug discovery. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 2171.
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29
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Sun JEP, Stewart B, Litan A, Lee SJ, Schneider JP, Langhans SA, Pochan DJ. Sustained release of active chemotherapeutics from injectable-solid β-hairpin peptide hydrogel. Biomater Sci 2016; 4:839-48. [PMID: 26906463 PMCID: PMC7802599 DOI: 10.1039/c5bm00538h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
MAX8 β-hairpin peptide hydrogel is a solid, preformed gel that can be syringe injected due to shear-thinning properties and can recover solid gel properties immediately after injection. This behavior makes the hydrogel an excellent candidate as a local drug delivery vehicle. In this study, vincristine, a hydrophobic and commonly used chemotherapeutic, is encapsulated within MAX8 hydrogel and shown to release constantly over the course of one month. Vincristine was observed to be cytotoxic in vitro at picomolar to nanomolar concentrations. The amounts of drug released from the hydrogels over the entire time-course were in this concentration range. After encapsulation, release of vincristine from the hydrogel was observed for four weeks. Further characterization showed the vincristine released during the 28 days remained biologically active, well beyond its half-life in bulk aqueous solution. This study shows that vincristine-loaded MAX8 hydrogels are excellent candidates as drug delivery vehicles, through sustained, low, local and effective release of vincristine to a specific target. Oscillatory rheology was employed to show that the shear-thinning and re-healing, injectable-solid properties that make MAX8 a desirable drug delivery vehicle are unaffected by vincristine encapsulation. Rheology measurements also were used to monitor hydrogel nanostructure before and after drug encapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie E P Sun
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19176, USA.
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30
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Zhukhovitskiy AV, Zhong M, Keeler EG, Michaelis VK, Sun JEP, Hore MJA, Pochan DJ, Griffin RG, Willard AP, Johnson JA. Highly branched and loop-rich gels via formation of metal-organic cages linked by polymers. Nat Chem 2016; 8:33-41. [PMID: 26673262 PMCID: PMC5418868 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Gels formed via metal-ligand coordination typically have very low branch functionality, f, as they consist of ∼2-3 polymer chains linked to single metal ions that serve as junctions. Thus, these materials are very soft and unable to withstand network defects such as dangling ends and loops. We report here a new class of gels assembled from polymeric ligands and metal-organic cages (MOCs) as junctions. The resulting 'polyMOC' gels are precisely tunable and may feature increased branch functionality. We show two examples of such polyMOCs: a gel with a low f based on a M2L4 paddlewheel cluster junction and a compositionally isomeric one of higher f based on a M12L24 cage. The latter features large shear moduli, but also a very large number of elastically inactive loop defects that we subsequently exchanged for functional ligands, with no impact on the gel's shear modulus. Such a ligand substitution is not possible in gels of low f, including the M2L4-based polyMOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr V Zhukhovitskiy
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Mingjiang Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Eric G Keeler
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Vladimir K Michaelis
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Jessie E P Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 DuPont Hall, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - Michael J A Hore
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Darrin J Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 DuPont Hall, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - Robert G Griffin
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Adam P Willard
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Jeremiah A Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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31
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Zhang S, Xiao Q, Sherman SE, Muncan A, Ramos Vicente ADM, Wang Z, Hammer DA, Williams D, Chen Y, Pochan DJ, Vértesy S, André S, Klein ML, Gabius HJ, Percec V. Glycodendrimersomes from Sequence-Defined Janus Glycodendrimers Reveal High Activity and Sensor Capacity for the Agglutination by Natural Variants of Human Lectins. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:13334-44. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b08844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaodong Zhang
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Qi Xiao
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Samuel E. Sherman
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Adam Muncan
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Andrea D. M. Ramos Vicente
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Zhichun Wang
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6391, United States
| | - Daniel A. Hammer
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6391, United States
| | - Dewight Williams
- Electron
Microscopy Resource Laboratory, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6082, United States
| | - Yingchao Chen
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Darrin J. Pochan
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Sabine Vértesy
- Institute
of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Veterinärstrasse 13, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Sabine André
- Institute
of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Veterinärstrasse 13, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Michael L. Klein
- Institute
of Computational Molecular Science, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Hans-Joachim Gabius
- Institute
of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Veterinärstrasse 13, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Virgil Percec
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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32
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Lindsey S, Piatt JH, Worthington P, Sönmez C, Satheye S, Schneider JP, Pochan DJ, Langhans SA. Beta Hairpin Peptide Hydrogels as an Injectable Solid Vehicle for Neurotrophic Growth Factor Delivery. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:2672-83. [PMID: 26225909 PMCID: PMC4873771 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
There is intense interest in developing novel methods for the sustained delivery of low levels of clinical therapeutics. MAX8 is a peptide-based beta-hairpin hydrogel that has unique shear thinning properties that allow for immediate rehealing after the removal of shear forces, making MAX8 an excellent candidate for injectable drug delivery at a localized injury site. The current studies examined the feasibility of using MAX8 as a delivery system for nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), two neurotrophic growth factors currently used in experimental treatments of spinal cord injuries. Experiments determined that encapsulation of NGF and BDNF within MAX8 did not negatively impact gel formation or rehealing and that shear thinning did not result in immediate growth factor release. ELISA, microscopy, rheology, and Western blotting experiments collectively demonstrate the functional capabilities of the therapeutic-loaded hydrogels to (i) maintain a protective environment against in vitro degradation of encapsulated therapeutics for at least 28 days; and (ii) allow for sustained release of NGF and BDGF capable of initiating neurite-like extensions of PC12 cells, most likely due to NGF/BDGF signaling pathways. Importantly, while the 21 day release profiles could be tuned by adjusting the MAX8 hydrogel concentration, the initial shear thinning of the hydrogel (e.g., during injection) does not induce significant premature loss of the encapsulated therapeutic, most likely due to effective trapping of growth factors within structurally robust domains that are maintained during the application of shear forces. Together, our data suggests that MAX8 allows for greater dosage control and sustained therapeutic growth factor delivery, potentially alleviating side effects and improving the efficacy of current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Lindsey
- Nemours Center for Childhood Cancer Research, A. I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - Joseph H. Piatt
- Nemours Center for Childhood Cancer Research, A. I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - Peter Worthington
- Nemours Center for Childhood Cancer Research, A. I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Cem Sönmez
- Center for Cancer Research, NCI, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Sameer Satheye
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | | | - Darrin J. Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Sigrid A. Langhans
- Nemours Center for Childhood Cancer Research, A. I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
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33
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Chen Y, Zhang K, Wang X, Zhang F, Zhu J, Mays JW, Wooley KL, Pochan DJ. Multigeometry Nanoparticles: Hybrid Vesicle/Cylinder Nanoparticles Constructed with Block Copolymer Solution Assembly and Kinetic Control. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingchao Chen
- Department
of Material Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Material Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Xiaojun Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Fuwu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Material Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Jiahua Zhu
- Department
of Material Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Jimmy W. Mays
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Karen L. Wooley
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Material Science & Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Darrin J. Pochan
- Department
of Material Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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Abstract
Traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture systems have contributed tremendously to our understanding of cancer biology but have significant limitations in mimicking in vivo conditions such as the tumor microenvironment. In vitro, three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models represent a more accurate, intermediate platform between simplified 2D culture models and complex and expensive in vivo models. 3D in vitro models can overcome 2D in vitro limitations caused by the oversupply of nutrients, and unphysiological cell-cell and cell-material interactions, and allow for dynamic interactions between cells, stroma, and extracellular matrix. In addition, 3D cultures allow for the development of concentration gradients, including oxygen, metabolites, and growth factors, with chemical gradients playing an integral role in many cellular functions ranging from development to signaling in normal epithelia and cancer environments in vivo. Currently, the most common matrices used for 3D culture are biologically derived materials such as matrigel and collagen. However, in recent years, more defined, synthetic materials have become available as scaffolds for 3D culture with the advantage of forming well-defined, designed, tunable materials to control matrix charge, stiffness, porosity, nanostructure, degradability, and adhesion properties, in addition to other material and biological properties. One important area of synthetic materials currently available for 3D cell culture is short sequence, self-assembling peptide hydrogels. In addition to the review of recent work toward the control of material, structure, and mechanical properties, we will also discuss the biochemical functionalization of peptide hydrogels and how this functionalization, coupled with desired hydrogel material characteristics, affects tumor cell behavior in 3D culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Worthington
- Nemours Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Darrin J. Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Sigrid A. Langhans
- Nemours Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
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35
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Ouimet MA, Fogaça R, Snyder SS, Sathaye S, Catalani LH, Pochan DJ, Uhrich KE. Poly(anhydride-ester) and poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) blends: salicylic acid-releasing blends with hydrogel-like properties that reduce inflammation. Macromol Biosci 2015; 15:342-50. [PMID: 25333420 PMCID: PMC4424597 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201400238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Polymers such as poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVP) have been used to prepare hydrogels for wound dressing applications but are not inherently bioactive. For enhanced healing, PVP was blended with salicylic acid-based poly(anhydride-esters) (SAPAE) and shown to exhibit hydrogel properties upon swelling. In vitro release studies demonstrated that the chemically incorporated drug (SA) was released from the polymer blends over 3-4 d in contrast to 3 h, and that blends of higher PVP content displayed greater swelling values and faster SA release. The polymer blends significantly the inflammatory cytokine, TNF-α, in vitro without negative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A. Ouimet
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8087, USA
| | - Renata Fogaça
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05513-970, Brazil
| | - Sabrina S. Snyder
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8087, USA
| | - Sameer Sathaye
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 DuPont Hall, Newark, DE 19716-1501, USA
| | - Luiz H. Catalani
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05513-970, Brazil
| | - Darrin J. Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, 201 DuPont Hall, Newark, DE 19716-1501, USA
| | - Kathryn E. Uhrich
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8087, USA
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Micklitsch CM, Medina SH, Yucel T, Nagy-Smith KJ, Pochan DJ, Schneider JP. Influence of Hydrophobic Face Amino Acids on the Hydrogelation of β-Hairpin Peptide Amphiphiles. Macromolecules 2015; 48:1281-1288. [PMID: 33223568 DOI: 10.1021/ma5024796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrophobic residues provide much of the thermodynamic driving force for the folding, self-assembly, and consequent hydrogelation of amphiphilic β-hairpin peptides. We investigate how the identity of hydrophobic side chains displayed from the hydrophobic face of these amphiphilic peptides influences their behavior to expound on the design criteria important to gel formation. Six peptides were designed that globally incorporate valine, aminobutyric acid, norvaline, norleucine, phenylalanine, or isoleucine on the hydrophobic face of the hairpin to study how systematic changes in hydrophobic content, β-sheet propensity, and aromaticity affect gelation. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy indicates that hydrophobic content, rather than β-sheet propensity, dictates the temperature- and pH-dependent folding and assembly behavior of these peptides. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) show that the local morphology of the fibrils formed via self-assembly is little affected by amino acid type. However, residue type does influence the propensity of peptide fibrils to undergo higher order assembly events. Oscillatory rheology shows that the mechanical rigidity of the peptide gels is highly influenced by residue type, but there is no apparent correlation between rigidity and residue hydrophobicity nor β-sheet propensity. Lastly, the large planar aromatic side chain of phenylalanine supports hairpin folding and assembly, affording a gel characterized by a rate of formation and storage modulus similar to the parent valine-containing peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Micklitsch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Scott H Medina
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21701, United States
| | - Tuna Yucel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Katelyn J Nagy-Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States.,Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21701, United States
| | - Darrin J Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Joel P Schneider
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland 21701, United States
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Sathaye S, Zhang H, Sonmez C, Schneider JP, MacDermaid CM, Von Bargen CD, Saven JG, Pochan DJ. Engineering complementary hydrophobic interactions to control β-hairpin peptide self-assembly, network branching, and hydrogel properties. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:3891-900. [PMID: 25251904 PMCID: PMC7720678 DOI: 10.1021/bm500874t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The MAX1 β-hairpin peptide (VKVKVKVK-V(D)PPT-KVKVKVKV-NH2) has been shown to form nanofibrils having a cross-section of two folded peptides forming a hydrophobic, valine-rich core, and the polymerized fibril exhibits primarily β-sheet hydrogen bonding.1-7 These nanofibrils form hydrogel networks through fibril entanglements as well as fibril branching.8 Fibrillar branching in MAX1 hydrogel networks provide the ability to flow under applied shear stress and immediately reform a hydrogel solid on cessation of shear. New β-hairpins were designed to limit branching during nanofibril growth because of steric specificity in the assembled fibril hydrophobic core. The nonturn valines of MAX1 were substituted by 2-naphthylalanine (Nal) and alanine (A) residues, with much larger and smaller side chain volumes, respectively, to obtain LNK1 (Nal)K(Nal)KAKAK-V(D)PPT-KAKAK(Nal)K(Nal)-NH2. LNK1 was targeted to self-associate with a specific "lock and key" complementary packing in the hydrophobic core in order to accommodate the Nal and Ala residue side chains. The experimentally observable manifestation of reduced fibrillar branching in the LNK1 peptide is the lack of solid hydrogel formation after shear in stark contrast to the MAX1 branched fibril system. Molecular dynamics simulations provide a molecular picture of interpeptide interactions within the assembly that is consistent with the branching propensity of MAX1 vs LNK1 and in agreement with experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Sathaye
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Huixi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Cem Sonmez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 102 Brown Hall, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Joel P. Schneider
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Christopher M. MacDermaid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Christopher D. Von Bargen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jeffery G. Saven
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34 Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Darrin J. Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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Sathaye S, Mbi A, Sonmez C, Chen Y, Blair DL, Schneider JP, Pochan DJ. Rheology of peptide- and protein-based physical hydrogels: Are everyday measurements just scratching the surface? WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2014; 7:34-68. [DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Sathaye
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Delaware Biotechnology Institute; University of Delaware; Newark DE USA
| | - Armstrong Mbi
- Department of Physics; Georgetown University; Washington DC USA
| | - Cem Sonmez
- Department of Chemistry; University of Delaware; Newark DE USA
- Chemical Biology Laboratory; National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research; Frederick MD USA
| | - Yingchao Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Delaware Biotechnology Institute; University of Delaware; Newark DE USA
| | - Daniel L. Blair
- Department of Physics; Georgetown University; Washington DC USA
| | - Joel P. Schneider
- Chemical Biology Laboratory; National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research; Frederick MD USA
| | - Darrin J. Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Delaware Biotechnology Institute; University of Delaware; Newark DE USA
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Zhang S, Sun HJ, Hughes AD, Draghici B, Lejnieks J, Leowanawat P, Bertin A, Otero De Leon L, Kulikov OV, Chen Y, Pochan DJ, Heiney PA, Percec V. "Single-single" amphiphilic janus dendrimers self-assemble into uniform dendrimersomes with predictable size. ACS Nano 2014; 8:1554-1565. [PMID: 24397243 DOI: 10.1021/nn405790x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
An accelerated modular synthesis of six libraries containing 29 amphiphilic Janus dendrimers, employed to discover and predict functions via primary structures, is reported. These dendrimers were constructed from a single hydrophobic and a single hydrophilic dendron, interconnected with l-Ala to form two constitutional isomeric libraries, with Gly to produce one library, and with l-propanediol ester to generate two additional constitutional isomeric libraries. They are denoted "single-single" amphiphilic Janus dendrimers. Assemblies obtained by injection of their ethanol solution into water were analyzed by dynamic light scattering and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy. A diversity of complex structures including soft and hard dendrimersomes, cubosomes, solid lamellae, and rod-like micelles were obtained in water. It was discovered that the "single-single" amphiphilic Janus dendrimers containing three triethylene glycol groups in the hydrophilic dendron favored the formation of dendrimersomes. Assemblies in bulk analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry and powder X-ray diffraction revealed that the amphiphilic Janus dendrimers with melting point or glass transition below room temperature self-assemble into soft dendrimersomes in water, while those with higher temperature transitions produce hard assemblies. In the range of concentrations where their size distribution is narrow, the diameter of the dendrimersomes is predictable by the d-spacing of their assemblies in bulk. These results suggested the synthesis of Library 6 containing two simpler constitutional isomeric benzyl ester based amphiphilic Janus dendrimers that self-assemble in water into soft dendrimersomes and multidendrimersome dendrimersomes with predictable dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaodong Zhang
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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Betthausen E, Hanske C, Müller M, Fery A, Schacher FH, Müller AHE, Pochan DJ. Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Triblock Terpolymers Mediated by Multifunctional Organic Acids: Vesicles, Toroids, and (Undulated) Ribbons. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma402555c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Betthausen
- Macromolecular
Chemistry II and Bayreuth Center for Colloids and Interfaces, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Christoph Hanske
- Physical
Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Melanie Müller
- Macromolecular
Chemistry II and Bayreuth Center for Colloids and Interfaces, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Andreas Fery
- Physical
Chemistry II, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Felix H. Schacher
- Laboratory
of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry and Jena Center for Soft Matter, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Axel H. E. Müller
- Macromolecular
Chemistry II and Bayreuth Center for Colloids and Interfaces, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Darrin J. Pochan
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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Meeuwissen SA, Bruekers SMC, Chen Y, Pochan DJ, van Hest JCM. Spontaneous shape changes in polymersomes via polymer/polymer segregation. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py00906h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Xiao L, Tong Z, Chen Y, Pochan DJ, Sabanayagam CR, Jia X. Hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels containing covalently integrated drug depots: implication for controlling inflammation in mechanically stressed tissues. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:3808-19. [PMID: 24093583 PMCID: PMC3856199 DOI: 10.1021/bm4011276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic hydrogels containing covalently integrated soft and deformable drug depots capable of releasing therapeutic molecules in response to mechanical forces are attractive candidates for the treatment of degenerated tissues that are normally load bearing. Herein, radically cross-linkable block copolymer micelles (xBCM) assembled from an amphiphilic block copolymer consisting of hydrophilic poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) partially modified with 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, and hydrophobic poly(n-butyl acryclate) (PnBA) were employed as the drug depots and the microscopic cross-linkers for the preparation of hyaluronic acid (HA)-based, hydrogels. HA hydrogels containing covalently integrated micelles (HAxBCM) were prepared by radical polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA)-modified HA (HAGMA) in the presence of xBCMs. When micelles prepared from the parent PAA-b-PnBA without any polymerizable double bonds were used, hydrogels containing physically entrapped micelles (HApBCM) were obtained. The addition of xBCMs to a HAGMA precursor solution accelerated the gelation kinetics and altered the hydrogel mechanical properties. The resultant HAxBCM gels exhibit an elastic modulus of 847 ± 43 Pa and a compressive modulus of 9.2 ± 0.7 kPa. Diffusion analysis of Nile Red (NR)-labeled xBCMs employing fluorescence correlation spectroscopy confirmed the covalent immobilization of xBCMs in HA networks. Covalent integration of dexamethasone (DEX)-loaded xBCMs in HA gels significantly reduced the initial burst release and provided sustained release over a prolonged period. Importantly, DEX release from HAxBCM gels was accelerated by intermittently applied external compression in a strain-dependent manner. Culturing macrophages in the presence of DEX-releasing HAxBCM gels significantly reduced cellular production of inflammatory cytokines. Incorporating mechano-responsive modules in synthetic matrices offers a novel strategy to harvest mechanical stress present in the healing wounds to initiate tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longxi Xiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Zhixiang Tong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Yingchao Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Darrin J. Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | | | - Xinqiao Jia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
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Zhu J, Zhang S, Zhang K, Wang X, Mays JW, Wooley KL, Pochan DJ. Disk-cylinder and disk-sphere nanoparticles via a block copolymer blend solution construction. Nat Commun 2013; 4:2297. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Zou J, Zhang F, Chen Y, Raymond JE, Zhang S, Fan J, Zhu J, Li A, Seetho K, He X, Pochan DJ, Wooley KL. Responsive organogels formed by supramolecular self assembly of PEG- block-allyl-functionalized racemic polypeptides into β-sheet-driven polymeric ribbons. Soft Matter 2013; 9:5951-5958. [PMID: 25788968 PMCID: PMC4361078 DOI: 10.1039/c3sm50582k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A chemically reactive hybrid diblock polypeptide gelator poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(dl-allylglycine) (PEG-b-PDLAG) is an exceptional material, due to the characteristics of thermo-reversible organogel formation driven by the combination of a hydrophilic polymer chain linked to a racemic oligomeric homopeptide segment in a range of organic solvents. One-dimensional stacking of the block copolymers is demonstrated by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, wide-angle X-ray scattering to be driven by the supramolecular assembly of β-sheets in peptide blocks to afford well-defined fiber-like structures, resulting in gelation. These supramolecular interactions are sufficiently strong to achieve ultra low critical gelation concentrations (ca. 0.1 wt%) in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and methanol. The critical gel transition temperature was directly proportional to the polymer concentration, so that at low concentrations, thermoreversibility of gelation was observed. Dynamic mechanical analysis studies were employed to determine the organogel mechanical properties, having storage moduli of ca. 15.1 kPa at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiong Zou
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, P.O. BOX 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, TX 77842, USA
| | - Fuwu Zhang
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, P.O. BOX 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, TX 77842, USA
| | - Yingchao Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Jeffery E. Raymond
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, P.O. BOX 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, TX 77842, USA
| | - Shiyi Zhang
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, P.O. BOX 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, TX 77842, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, 63130, USA
| | - Jingwei Fan
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, P.O. BOX 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, TX 77842, USA
| | - Jiahua Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Ang Li
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, P.O. BOX 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, TX 77842, USA
| | - Kellie Seetho
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, P.O. BOX 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, TX 77842, USA
| | - Xun He
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, P.O. BOX 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, TX 77842, USA
| | - Darrin J. Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Karen L. Wooley
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, P.O. BOX 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, TX 77842, USA
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Percec V, Leowanawat P, Sun HJ, Kulikov O, Nusbaum CD, Tran TM, Bertin A, Wilson DA, Peterca M, Zhang S, Kamat NP, Vargo K, Moock D, Johnston ED, Hammer DA, Pochan DJ, Chen Y, Chabre YM, Shiao TC, Bergeron-Brlek M, André S, Roy R, Gabius HJ, Heiney PA. Modular synthesis of amphiphilic Janus glycodendrimers and their self-assembly into glycodendrimersomes and other complex architectures with bioactivity to biomedically relevant lectins. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:9055-77. [PMID: 23692629 DOI: 10.1021/ja403323y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The modular synthesis of 7 libraries containing 51 self-assembling amphiphilic Janus dendrimers with the monosaccharides D-mannose and D-galactose and the disaccharide D-lactose in their hydrophilic part is reported. These unprecedented sugar-containing dendrimers are named amphiphilic Janus glycodendrimers. Their self-assembly by simple injection of THF or ethanol solution into water or buffer and by hydration was analyzed by a combination of methods including dynamic light scattering, confocal microscopy, cryogenic transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform analysis, and micropipet-aspiration experiments to assess mechanical properties. These libraries revealed a diversity of hard and soft assemblies, including unilamellar spherical, polygonal, and tubular vesicles denoted glycodendrimersomes, aggregates of Janus glycodendrimers and rodlike micelles named glycodendrimer aggregates and glycodendrimermicelles, cubosomes denoted glycodendrimercubosomes, and solid lamellae. These assemblies are stable over time in water and in buffer, exhibit narrow molecular-weight distribution, and display dimensions that are programmable by the concentration of the solution from which they are injected. This study elaborated the molecular principles leading to single-type soft glycodendrimersomes assembled from amphiphilic Janus glycodendrimers. The multivalency of glycodendrimersomes with different sizes and their ligand bioactivity were demonstrated by selective agglutination with a diversity of sugar-binding protein receptors such as the plant lectins concanavalin A and the highly toxic mistletoe Viscum album L. agglutinin, the bacterial lectin PA-IL from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and, of special biomedical relevance, human adhesion/growth-regulatory galectin-3 and galectin-4. These results demonstrated the candidacy of glycodendrimersomes as new mimics of biological membranes with programmable glycan ligand presentations, as supramolecular lectin blockers, vaccines, and targeted delivery devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virgil Percec
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, USA.
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Zhang S, Zou J, Zhang F, Elsabahy M, Felder S, Zhu J, Pochan DJ, Wooley KL. Rapid and versatile construction of diverse and functional nanostructures derived from a polyphosphoester-based biomimetic block copolymer system. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:18467-74. [PMID: 23092249 PMCID: PMC3500909 DOI: 10.1021/ja309037m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and efficient approach for the preparation and modification of a versatile class of functional polymer nanoparticles has been developed, for which the entire engineering process from small molecules to polymers to nanoparticles bypasses typical slow and inefficient procedures and rather employs a series of steps that capture fully the "click" chemistry concepts that have greatly facilitated the preparation of complex polymer materials over the past decade. The construction of various nanoparticles with functional complexity from a versatile platform is a challenging aim to provide materials for fundamental studies and also optimization toward a diverse range of applications. In this paper, we demonstrate the rapid and facile preparation of a family of nanoparticles with different surface charges and functionalities based on a biodegradable polyphosphoester block copolymer system. From a retrosynthetic point of view, the nonionic, anionic, cationic, and zwitterionic micelles with hydrodynamic diameters between 13 and 21 nm and great size uniformity were quickly formed by suspending, independently, four amphiphilic diblock polyphosphoesters into water, which were functionalized from the same parental hydrophobic-functional AB diblock polyphosphoester by click-type thiol-yne reactions. The well-defined (PDI < 1.2) hydrophobic-functional AB diblock polyphosphoester was synthesized by an ultrafast (<5 min) organocatalyzed ring-opening polymerization in a two-step, one-pot manner with the quantitative conversions of two kinds of cyclic phospholane monomers. The whole programmable process starting from small molecules to nanoparticles could be completed within 6 h, as the most rapid approach for the anionic and nonionic nanoparticles, although the cationic and zwitterionic nanoparticles required ca. 2 days due to purification by dialysis. The micelles showed high biocompatibility, with even the cationic micelles exhibiting a 6-fold lower cytotoxicity toward RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cells, as compared to the commercial transfection agent Lipofectamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, P.O. BOX 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas, 77842, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, 63130, USA
| | - Jiong Zou
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, P.O. BOX 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas, 77842, USA
| | - Fuwu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, P.O. BOX 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas, 77842, USA
| | - Mahmoud Elsabahy
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, P.O. BOX 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas, 77842, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Simcha Felder
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, P.O. BOX 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas, 77842, USA
| | - Jiahua Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware
| | - Darrin J. Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware
| | - Karen L. Wooley
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, P.O. BOX 30012, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas, 77842, USA
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Abstract
Block copolymer micelles (BCMs) were prepared from amphiphilic diblock copolymers of poly(n-butyl acrylate) and poly(acrylic acid) partially modified with 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate. Radical polymerization of acrylamide in the presence of micellar crosslinkers gave rise to elastomeric hydrogels (BCM-PAAm) whose mechanical properties can be tuned by varying the BCM composition. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging revealed stretch-induced, reversible micelle deformation in BCM-PAAm gels. A model hydrophobic drug, pyrene, loaded into the micelle core prior to the formation of BCM-PAAm gels, was dynamically released in response to externally applied mechanical forces. The BCM-crosslinked hydrogels with combined strength and force-modulated drug release are attractive candidates for the repair and regeneration of mechanically-active tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longxi Xiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Jiahua Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - David J. Londono
- DuPont Nanotechnologies, CR&D, DuPont Co., Wilmington, DE, 19801, USA
| | - Darrin J. Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Xinqiao Jia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Corresponding author: Department of Materials Science and Engineering Delaware Biotechnology Institute, 201 DuPont Hall, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA. Phone: 302-831-6553, Fax: 302-831-4545,
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Ikeda M, Ochi R, Kurita YS, Pochan DJ, Hamachi I. Heat-Induced Morphological Transformation of Supramolecular Nanostructures by Retro-Diels-Alder Reaction. Chemistry 2012; 18:13091-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2012] [Revised: 07/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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49
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Affiliation(s)
- Darrin J. Pochan
- Materials Science and Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
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Krishna OD, Wiss KT, Luo T, Pochan DJ, Theato P, Kiick KL. Morphological transformations in a dually thermoresponsive coil-rod-coil bioconjugate. Soft Matter 2012; 8:3832-3840. [PMID: 23762176 PMCID: PMC3677730 DOI: 10.1039/c2sm07025a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We report the conformational and assembly behavior of a thermoresponsive triblock biohybrid conjugate under aqueous conditions. The triblock comprises of poly(diethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate) (PDEGMEMA) conjugated to the ends of a triple-helix forming collagen-like peptide. The circular dichroism (CD) experiment confirms the ability of the collagen-like peptide middle block to assemble as a triple helix in the hybrid conjugate. Above the LCST (~35 °C), the collapse of the thermoresponsive PDEGMEMA polymer at the ends of the peptide domain resulted in a concomitant increase in the conformational stability of the peptide domain towards thermal denaturation. Upon cooling back, the kinetic conformational refolding behavior was still observed for the peptide domain in the hybrid conjugate. Static light scattering (SLS) experiments suggested the formation of supramolecular structures upon increasing solution temperatures to above the LCST. The scattering intensity increased with increasing temperature, until at 75 °C then it was found to decrease. Cryogenic scanning electron microscopy and regular transmission electron microscopy suggested the formation of spherical aggregates that increased in size with increasing temperature up to 65 °C and a morphological transformation into fibrils was also observed at 75 °C. The synergistic effect of dual thermoresponsive behavior from the peptide and the polymer block in the triblock hybrid is suggested for the observed conformational and assembly behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ohm D. Krishna
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, 19716, USA
| | - Kerstin T. Wiss
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Tianzhi Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, 19716, USA
| | - Darrin J. Pochan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, 19716, USA
| | - Patrick Theato
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55099 Mainz, Germany
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Bundesstr 45, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany
- ; Fax: +49-40-42838-6008; Tel: +49-40-42838-6009
| | - Kristi L. Kiick
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, 19716, USA
- ; Fax: +1-302-831-4545; Tel: +1-302-831-0201
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