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Olsen EA, Harries M, Tosti A, Bergfeld W, Blume-Peytavi U, Callender V, Chasapi V, Correia O, Cotsarelis G, Dhurat R, Dlova N, Doche I, Enechukwu N, Grimalt R, Itami S, Hordinsky M, Khobzei K, Lee WS, Malakar S, Messenger A, McMichael A, Mirmirani P, Ovcharenko Y, Papanikou S, Pinto GM, Piraccini BM, Pirmez R, Reygagne P, Roberts J, Rudnicka L, Saceda-Corralo D, Shapiro J, Silyuk T, Sinclair R, Soares RO, Souissi A, Vogt A, Washenik K, Zlotogorski A, Canfield D, Vano-Galvan S. Guidelines for clinical trials of frontal fibrosing alopecia: consensus recommendations from the International FFA Cooperative Group (IFFACG). Br J Dermatol 2021; 185:1221-1231. [PMID: 34105768 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.20567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) has become one of the most common causes of cicatricial alopecia worldwide. However, there is a lack of clear aetiology and robust clinical trial evidence for the efficacy and safety of agents currently used for treatment. OBJECTIVES To enable data to be collected worldwide on FFA using common criteria and assessment methods. METHODS A multicentre, international group of experts in hair loss was convened by email to create consensus recommendations for clinical trials. Consensus was defined at > 90% agreement on each recommended part of these guidelines. RESULTS Standardized diagnostic criteria, severity rating, staging, and investigator and patient assessment of scalp hair loss and other clinical features of FFA were created. CONCLUSIONS These guidelines should allow the collection of reliable aggregate data on FFA and advance efforts in both clinical and basic research to close knowledge gaps in this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Olsen
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - M Harries
- University of Manchester, MAHSC and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
| | - A Tosti
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | | | - V Callender
- Callender Dermatology & Cosmetic Center and Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - V Chasapi
- Andreas Sygros Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - O Correia
- Centro Dermatologia Epidermis, Porto, Portugal
| | - G Cotsarelis
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - R Dhurat
- LTM Medical College & Hospital Sion, Mumbai, India
| | - N Dlova
- University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - I Doche
- University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - N Enechukwu
- Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - R Grimalt
- Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Itami
- Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - M Hordinsky
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - K Khobzei
- Kyiv Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - W-S Lee
- Yonsei University, Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - S Malakar
- Rita Skin Foundation, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | | - A McMichael
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - P Mirmirani
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Vallejo, CA, USA
| | - Y Ovcharenko
- V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | | | - G M Pinto
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - R Pirmez
- Instituto de Dermatologia Professor Rubem David Azulay - Santa Casa da Misericórdia do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - P Reygagne
- Centre Sabouraud, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - J Roberts
- Northwest Dermatology Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | - L Rudnicka
- Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - D Saceda-Corralo
- Ramón y Cajal Hospital, IRYCIS, University of Alcala, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Shapiro
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - T Silyuk
- Hair Treatment and Transplantation Center Private Practice, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - R Sinclair
- University of Melbourne and Sinclair Dermatology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - R O Soares
- Cuf Descobertas Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A Souissi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - A Vogt
- Charité-Universitaetsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - K Washenik
- Bosley Medical Group, Beverly Hills, CA and New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Zlotogorski
- Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - D Canfield
- Canfield Scientific, Inc, Parsippany, NJ, USA
| | - S Vano-Galvan
- Ramón y Cajal Hospital, IRYCIS, University of Alcala, Madrid, Spain
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Sheyn D, Bretschneider C, Duarte M, Canfield D, Mangel J, Mahajan S. 11: Does trainee involvement during pelvic reconstructive surgery affect complication rates? Am J Obstet Gynecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2017.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Patwardhan SV, Richter C, Vogt A, Blume-Peytavi U, Canfield D, Kottner J. Measuring acne using Coproporphyrin III, Protoporphyrin IX, and lesion-specific inflammation: an exploratory study. Arch Dermatol Res 2017; 309:159-167. [PMID: 28180934 PMCID: PMC5348552 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-017-1718-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Propionibacterium acnes: (P. acnes) produce Porphyrins; however, fluorescence measurement of Porphyrins from Ultraviolet-A (UVA) images has failed to establish a correlation. Acne clinical research and imaging has ignored the spectral excitation-emission characteristics and the exact pattern of the Porphyrins synthesized by P. acnes. In this exploratory study, for the first time, the possible relationships of Coproporphyrin III (CpIII) and Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) fluorescence as well as acne lesion-specific inflammation measurements with clinical signs of acne are investigated. Furthermore, the sensitivity of these measurements in tracking and differentiating the known treatment effects of Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) 5%, and combination of Clindamycin + BPO are also evaluated. Comedonal and papulopustular lesions identified by investigators during a live assessment of 24 mild-to-severe acne subjects were compared with fluorescence and inflammation measurements obtained from analysis of VISIA®-CR images. CpIII fluorescence spots showed a strong correlation (r = 0.69-0.83), while PpIX fluorescence spots showed a weak correlation (r = 0.19-0.27) with the investigators' comedonal lesion counts. A strong correlation was also observed between the investigators' papulopustular lesion counts and acne lesion-specific inflammation (r = 0.76). Our results suggest that CpIII fluorescence and acne lesion-specific-inflammation measurement can provide objective indication of comedonal and papulopustular acne severity, respectively. Furthermore, these measurements may be more sensitive and specific in evaluating treatment effects and early signs of acne lesion progression compared to investigators' lesion counts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C Richter
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Vogt
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - U Blume-Peytavi
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - D Canfield
- Canfield Scientific Inc., 4 Wood Hollow Road, Parsippany, NJ, 07054, USA
| | - J Kottner
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Kanti V, Hillmann K, Kottner J, Stroux A, Canfield D, Blume-Peytavi U. Effect of minoxidil topical foam on frontotemporal and vertex androgenetic alopecia in men: a 104-week open-label clinical trial. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015; 30:1183-9. [PMID: 26387973 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Topical minoxidil formulations have been shown to be effective in treating androgenetic alopecia (AGA) for 12 months. Efficacy and safety in both frontotemporal and vertex regions over longer application periods have not been studied so far. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of 5% minoxidil topical foam (5% MTF) in the frontotemporal and vertex areas in patients with moderate AGA over 104 weeks. METHODS An 80-week, open-label extension phase was performed, following a 24-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in men with AGA grade IIIvertex to VI. Group 1 (n = 22) received ongoing 5% MTF for 104 weeks, Group 2 (n = 23) received placebo topical foam (plaTF) until week 24, followed by 5% MTF until week 104 during the extension phase. Frontotemporal and vertex target area non-vellus hair counts (f-TAHC, v-TAHC) and cumulative hair width (f-TAHW, v-TAHW) were assessed at baseline and at weeks 24, 52, 76 and 104. RESULTS In Group 1, f-TAHW and f-TAHC showed a statistically significant increase from baseline to week 52 and week 76, respectively, returning to values comparable to baseline at week 104. No significant differences were found between baseline and week 104 in v-TAHC in Group 1 as well as f-TAHC, v-TAHC, f-TAHW and v-TAHW values in Group 2. CONCLUSIONS 5% MTF is effective in stabilizing hair density, hair width and scalp coverage in both frontotemporal and vertex areas over an application period of 104 weeks, while showing a good safety and tolerability profile with a low rate of irritant contact dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kanti
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - K Hillmann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Kottner
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Stroux
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Biometrics and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - D Canfield
- Canfield Scientific, Inc., Fairfield, NJ, USA
| | - U Blume-Peytavi
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Dobos G, Trojahn C, Lichterfeld A, D′Alessandro B, Patwardhan SV, Canfield D, Blume-Peytavi U, Kottner J. Quantifying dyspigmentation in facial skin ageing: an explorative study. Int J Cosmet Sci 2015; 37:542-9. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Dobos
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science; Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - C. Trojahn
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science; Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - A. Lichterfeld
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science; Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - B. D′Alessandro
- Canfield Scientific; 253 Passaic Avenue Fairfield NJ 07004 U.S.A
| | - S. V. Patwardhan
- Canfield Scientific; 253 Passaic Avenue Fairfield NJ 07004 U.S.A
| | - D. Canfield
- Canfield Scientific; 253 Passaic Avenue Fairfield NJ 07004 U.S.A
| | - U. Blume-Peytavi
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science; Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
| | - J. Kottner
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science; Department of Dermatology and Allergy; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin Germany
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Jensen K, Ranganathan UD, Kozlowski P, Van Rompay K, Canfield D, Ravindran R, Khan I, Luciw P, Fennelly G, Larsen M, Abel K. A recombinant attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis-SIV combination vaccine is safe and immunogenic in immunocompromised, SIV-infected infant macaques. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3441880 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s2-o4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Whitmire C, Redden R, Canfield D, Burg J, Milano M, Seybold S, Echeverri E. Pediatric sedation: current teachings vs. private practice reality. Tex Dent J 2004; 121:964-73. [PMID: 15573463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Clark Whitmire
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Dental Branch, USA
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Canfield D. The real bottom line. CFOs must look beyond accounting and focus more on accountability. Mod Healthc 2003; 33:50. [PMID: 12858735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David Canfield
- Accounts Receivable Services, PHNS, Anaheim, Calif., USA
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Canfield D. Healthcare finance is personal for HFMA's new chairman, David Canfield. Healthc Financ Manage 2003; 57:36-40. [PMID: 12931723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
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Canfield D, Parkinson BA. Improvement of energy conversion efficiency by specific chemical treatments of molybdenum selenide (n-MoSe2) and tungsten selenide (n-WSe2) photoanodes. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00395a076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Conjoined twinning is an extremely rare occurrence among human and nonhuman primates. The current report describes a case of minimally conjoined omphalopagus rhesus monkey twins that were observed in the breeding colony at the California Regional Primate Research Center. The full-term nonviable male twins were morphologically normal and united in the umbilical region, involving the liver, xiphoid, umbilicus, body wall, and skin. The umbilical cords were separate, but closely aligned, within an ensheathing amnion; each cord contained two arteries and a vein. The closely associated cords were centrally inserted on a large bidiscoid placenta. There were no gross or histologic abnormalities in the viscera, with the exception of enlargement of the left central liver lobes, which constituted the area of attachment. The cause of death was attributed to asphyxia and trauma experienced during parturition.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Canfield
- California Regional Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis 95616, USA
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Falkowski P, Scholes RJ, Boyle E, Canadell J, Canfield D, Elser J, Gruber N, Hibbard K, Högberg P, Linder S, Mackenzie FT, Moore B, Pedersen T, Rosenthal Y, Seitzinger S, Smetacek V, Steffen W. The global carbon cycle: a test of our knowledge of earth as a system. Science 2000; 290:291-6. [PMID: 11030643 DOI: 10.1126/science.290.5490.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 511] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Motivated by the rapid increase in atmospheric CO2 due to human activities since the Industrial Revolution, several international scientific research programs have analyzed the role of individual components of the Earth system in the global carbon cycle. Our knowledge of the carbon cycle within the oceans, terrestrial ecosystems, and the atmosphere is sufficiently extensive to permit us to conclude that although natural processes can potentially slow the rate of increase in atmospheric CO2, there is no natural "savior" waiting to assimilate all the anthropogenically produced CO2 in the coming century. Our knowledge is insufficient to describe the interactions between the components of the Earth system and the relationship between the carbon cycle and other biogeochemical and climatological processes. Overcoming this limitation requires a systems approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Falkowski
- Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, 71 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
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Abstract
Nocardia asteroides GUH-2 (GUH-2) invades the nigrostriatal region of the brain in mice [15]. Selective dopaminergic neuronal dropout in the substantia nigra results in parkinsonian changes characterized by movement disorders responsive to L-dopa [15]. This is the only reported example of an experimental bacterial model for parkinsonism. Following i.v. inoculation of GUH-2 into the non-human primate Macaca fasicularius, the nocardiae preferentially invaded and grew within the basal ganglia (substantia nigra, caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus) often without inducing apparent inflammation. Reduced, limited growth of nocardiae occurred in the white matter of the cerebral cortex, medulla, and hippocampus, whereas neither significant adherence to nor growth within the meninges was observed. Twenty-four hours after injection, nocardial cells were found within capillary endothelial cells, the basal lamina, neurons, astroglia and in axonal extensions. The bacteria, in endothelial cells, were surrounded by a unit membrane, but in the basal lamina they appeared to be free and not membrane bound. After the organisms passed into the brain parenchyma, the nocardiae once again became surrounded by membrane, often being encapsulated by numerous layers with the innermost layer tightly adherence to the bacterial surface. There was a propensity for nocardial growth within and along myelinated axons, either with or without disruption to the surrounding myelin sheath. There was electron microscopic evidence that the nocardiae induced a neurodegenerative response especially in the substantia nigra region. Thus, the early interactions of GUH-2 within the primate brain appeared to be similar to those reported in the mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- B L Beaman
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California School of Medicine, Davis 95616, USA
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Valverde CR, Canfield D, Tarara R, Esteves MI, Gormus BJ. Spontaneous leprosy in a wild-caught cynomolgus macaque. Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis 1998; 66:140-8. [PMID: 9728446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Naturally occurring Mycobacterium leprae has been previously documented in only two species of nonhuman primates from West Africa--the chimpanzee and the sooty mangabey. We report here the first known case of spontaneous leprosy in an Asian macaque. A wild-caught cynomolgus macaque imported from The Philippines developed a reaction to a tuberculin skin test after 3 years at the California Regional Primate Research Center (CRPRC), University of California-Davis, Davis, California, U.S.A. Biopsies of concurrent skin lesions suggested a cutaneous mycobacterial infection. Diagnosis of the infection was obtained by a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay specific for M. leprae. Clinical presentation, histopathological findings, and ELISA serology for M. leprae-specific PGL-I and to the LAM mycobacterial antigens were consistent with those of human borderline (BB) leprosy. Longitudinal serologic data suggest that the cynomolgus macaque had subclinical leprosy at the time of arrival in the CRPRC quarantine. Intradermal tuberculin testing is the traditional method for screening nonhuman primate populations for mycobacterial infections. Exposure to nontuberculous mycobacteria, such as M. leprae, amy sensitize some individual primates to nonspecific mycobacterial antigens, resulting in false-positive tuberculin reactions. Susceptibility of the cynomolgus macaque and other nonhuman primates to M. leprae should be re-evaluated. Cynomolgus macaques and, possibly, other nonhuman primates may serve as valuable experimental models of leprosy in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Valverde
- California Regional Primate Research Center, University of California-Davis 95616-8542, USA.
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Abstract
The challenge of useful serial photographic documentation of hair loss can be met by using a regimented approach at each photographic session. Patient outcomes that are better documented allow for more informed decisions to be made about the course of therapy by both the physician and the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Canfield
- Canfield Scientific, Inc., Cedar Grove, New Jersey, USA
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Massacesi L, Genain CP, Lee-Parritz D, Letvin NL, Canfield D, Hauser SL. Active and passively induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in common marmosets: a new model for multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol 1995; 37:519-30. [PMID: 7717689 DOI: 10.1002/ana.410370415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A chronic relapsing-remitting form of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis was induced in the common marmoset Callithrix jacchus following a single immunization with human white matter. Individual animals in this species are born as natural bone marrow chimeras, allowing transfer of functional T-cell populations between genetically distinct siblings. The acute disease was characterized clinically by mild neurological signs. Pathologically, the disease was characterized by perivascular mononuclear cell infiltrates, large foci of primary demyelination, and reactive astrogliosis. No animal displayed hemorrhagic-necrotic lesions or polymorphonuclear cell infiltrates characteristic of other acute forms of primate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. A late spontaneous relapse occurred in each of 2 animals followed for 3 to 12 months subsequent to recovery from the acute attack. In these animals, chronic lesions consisted of mononuclear cell infiltrates within large sharply defined areas of demyelination and astrogliosis, and resembled active plaques of chronic multiple sclerosis. Proliferative responses to myelin basic protein but not to myelin proteolipid protein were present in peripheral blood lymphocytes of immunized animals. Furthermore, myelin basic protein-reactive T-cell lines derived from immunized donors induced clinical signs of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis when adoptively transferred into a sibling, indicating that myelin basic protein-reactive T cells can induce disease in this species. Because of its clinical and pathological similarity to human multiple sclerosis and the ability to adoptively transfer experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, this model system should prove useful in the analysis of the immunological mechanisms responsible for autoimmune demyelination in outbred primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Massacesi
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco 94143, USA
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Abstract
Peer leader modeling, posted feedback, posted goals, and a commitment raffle were used at two swimming pools to increase behaviors associated with skin cancer prevention. During the intervention condition, pool lifeguards modeled the protective behaviors by wearing sunglasses, t-shirts, and hats, using zinc oxide and sunscreen, and staying in the shade. Children and adolescents (1 to 16 years old) increased their use of two or more protective behaviors from a baseline mean of 6.5% to 26.9% during the intervention. Adults (older than 16 years) increased their protective behaviors from a baseline mean of 22% to 37.95% during the intervention. The lifeguards increased their use of all the protective behaviors from a baseline mean of 16.7% to 63.5% during intervention. Ways to improve and expand this intervention are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lombard
- Department of Psychology, Virgina Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061-0436
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Brown R, Brasch L, Leichter D, Canfield D, Wolf M. Gaboon viper envenomation: an unexpected big-city emergency. Pediatr Emerg Care 1989; 5:248-9. [PMID: 2602202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We report a pediatric case of envenomation by an extremely rare nonindigenous snake. The pathophysiology of injury is reviewed, and suggestions for appropriate treatment are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Brown
- Department of Anesthesia, Wake Forest University Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27103
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Segal R, Gendell HM, Canfield D, Dujovny M, Jannetta PJ. Hemodynamic changes induced by pulsatile compression of the ventrolateral medulla. Angiology 1982; 33:161-72. [PMID: 7065461 DOI: 10.1177/000331978203300303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Abstract
A new technique using infrared light for the transmission of heart sounds and murmurs is described. This method enables the simultaneous transmission of heart sounds and murmurs to large groups of persons without the need for hard-wire connections to the amplifying device. The method facilitates teaching of cardiac auscultation at the bedside as well as in the setting of conferences, seminars or postgraduate education programs.
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Heavner JE, Canfield D, Jones S. Cardiac arrhythmia with meningitis in a dog. Mod Vet Pract 1977; 58:149-50. [PMID: 865466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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