1
|
Jung D, Jin G, Choi J, Park S, Park K, Seo DG, Choi KH. Daily vitality fluctuations in older adults with depressive symptoms: A multilevel location-scale model. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 173:80-86. [PMID: 38513369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Examining the daily experiences of older adults with depression facilitates the development and application of personalized effective treatments for them. In previous clinical research on depression, traditional mean-based approaches have mainly been employed. However, the within-person residual variance as a random effect provides greater insight into the heterogeneity of daily experiences among geriatric samples. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the relationship between depression and daily vitality in older adults. Specifically, it focused on the mean and residual variance of daily vitality measured by the Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA). METHODS Data from 64 older adults aged 65 years or more, who participated in community welfare centers or retirees' associations, were used. Daily vitality was examined using EMA surveys for seven consecutive days (four random surveys per day). The data were analyzed using a location-scale model. RESULTS The intraclass correlation computed from the empty model for the EMA data was 0.488, indicating significant variances in daily vitality across time between individuals. Older adults with higher levels of depressive symptoms showed low mean levels of daily vitality and a large log-residual variance of daily vitality. CONCLUSIONS The findings from the current study suggest that individuals experiencing depression not only exhibit low vitality in their daily lives but also struggle to maintain stable levels of vitality in their lives. These insights could contribute to the facilitation and advancement of personalized interventions tailored for older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dawoon Jung
- Department of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Gihun Jin
- Department of Psychology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhee Choi
- Department of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Soohyun Park
- Department of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiho Park
- Department of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Gi Seo
- Department of Psychology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kee-Hong Choi
- Department of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea; KU Mind Health Institute, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea; Mindeep Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Center, Seoul, 06749, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cho S, Park K, Jung D, Son G, Cho E, Choi KH. Development and validation of the core life activities scale. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1359276. [PMID: 38711750 PMCID: PMC11070542 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1359276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Life activities profoundly influence well-being, mental health, and quality of life. The COVID-19 pandemic has heightened the importance of monitoring these activities for psychological and emotional health. However, existing measurement tools are limited, particularly for assessing psychological health. To address this gap, we developed and validated the Core Life Activities (CORE) scale, comprising five key factors (sleep, exercise, learning, diet, and social relationships) identified in neuroscience, cognitive psychology, and gerontology. In Study 1 (n = 1,137), exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported a single-factor structure with good model fit (χ2 = 6.377, df = 3, TLI = 0.992, CFI = 0.998, RMSEA = 0.031), demonstrating robust internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.776) and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.522, p < 0.001). The CORE exhibited significant convergent validity with mental health screening tools for depressive and anxiety disorders and suicidality. Study 2 (n = 684) confirmed a significant correlation between CORE and the World Health Organisation Quality of Life Brief Version, complementing the convergent validity found in Study 1. In addition, discriminant validity was confirmed by a non-significant correlation with the COVID-19 Preventive Behavior Scale. The findings establish the CORE as a reliable and valid tool, offering a simple yet comprehensive measure for assessing core life activities with potential applications in diverse environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Surin Cho
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiho Park
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dawoon Jung
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gaeun Son
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsil Cho
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- KU Mind Health Institute, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Mindeep CBT Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee-Hong Choi
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- KU Mind Health Institute, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Mindeep CBT Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kumar KS, Lee D, Jamsrandoj A, Soylu NN, Jung D, Kim J, Mun KR. sEMG-based Sarcopenia risk classification using empirical mode decomposition and machine learning algorithms. Math Biosci Eng 2024; 21:2901-2921. [PMID: 38454712 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2024129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Early detection of the risk of sarcopenia at younger ages is crucial for implementing preventive strategies, fostering healthy muscle development, and minimizing the negative impact of sarcopenia on health and aging. In this study, we propose a novel sarcopenia risk detection technique that combines surface electromyography (sEMG) signals and empirical mode decomposition (EMD) with machine learning algorithms. First, we recorded and preprocessed sEMG data from both healthy and at-risk individuals during various physical activities, including normal walking, fast walking, performing a standard squat, and performing a wide squat. Next, electromyography (EMG) features were extracted from a normalized EMG and its intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) were obtained through EMD. Subsequently, a minimum redundancy maximum relevance (mRMR) feature selection method was employed to identify the most influential subset of features. Finally, the performances of state-of-the-art machine learning (ML) classifiers were evaluated using a leave-one-subject-out cross-validation technique, and the effectiveness of the classifiers for sarcopenia risk classification was assessed through various performance metrics. The proposed method shows a high accuracy, with accuracy rates of 0.88 for normal walking, 0.89 for fast walking, 0.81 for a standard squat, and 0.80 for a wide squat, providing reliable identification of sarcopenia risk during physical activities. Beyond early sarcopenia risk detection, this sEMG-EMD-ML system offers practical values for assessing muscle function, muscle health monitoring, and managing muscle quality for an improved daily life and well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konki Sravan Kumar
- Center for Artificial Intelligence, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Daehyun Lee
- Center for Artificial Intelligence, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ankhzaya Jamsrandoj
- Department of Human Computer Interface and Robotics Engineering, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Necla Nisa Soylu
- Department of Computer Science, Ozyegin University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dawoon Jung
- Center for Artificial Intelligence, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinwook Kim
- Center for Artificial Intelligence, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Ryoul Mun
- Center for Artificial Intelligence, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kim J, Jung D, Chatterjee N, Clark B, Nacci D, Kim S, Choi J. Differential DNA methylation and metabolite profiling of Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) from the New Bedford Harbor Superfund site. Ecotoxicology 2024; 33:22-33. [PMID: 38182934 PMCID: PMC10830762 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-023-02724-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) is a valuable model in evolutionary toxicology to study how the interactions between genetic and environmental factors serve the adaptive ability of organisms to resist chemical pollution. Killifish populations inhabiting environmental toxicant-contaminated New Bedford Harbor (NBH) show phenotypes tolerant to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and differences at the transcriptional and genomic levels. However, limited research has explored epigenetic alterations and metabolic effects in NBH killifish. To identify the involvement of epigenetic and metabolic regulation in the adaptive response of killifish, we investigated tissue- and sex-specific differences in global DNA methylation and metabolomic profiles of NBH killifish populations, compared to sensitive populations from a non-polluted site, Scorton Creek (SC). The results revealed that liver-specific global DNA hypomethylation and differential metabolites were evident in fish from NBH compared with those from SC. The sex-specific differences were not greater than the tissue-specific differences. We demonstrated liver-specific enriched metabolic pathways (e.g., amino acid metabolic pathways converged into the urea cycle and glutathione metabolism), suggesting possible crosstalk between differential metabolites and DNA hypomethylation in the livers of NBH killifish. Additional investigation of methylated gene regions is necessary to understand the functional role of DNA hypomethylation in the regulation of enzyme-encoding genes associated with metabolic processes and physiological changes in NBH populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiwan Kim
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02504, Korea
| | - Dawoon Jung
- Korea Environment Institute, Division of Environmental Health, Sejong, 30147, Korea
| | - Nivedita Chatterjee
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02504, Korea
- NanoSafety Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre Jose Veiga s/n, 4715-330, Braga, Portugal
| | - Bryan Clark
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, Atlantic Coastal Environmental Sciences Division, Narragansett, RI, USA
| | - Diane Nacci
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Measurement and Modeling, Atlantic Coastal Environmental Sciences Division, Narragansett, RI, USA
| | - Suhkmann Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Proteome Biophysics and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Korea
| | - Jinhee Choi
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02504, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jamsrandorj A, Jung D, Kumar KS, Arshad MZ, Lim H, Kim J, Mun KR. View-independent gait events detection using CNN-transformer hybrid network. J Biomed Inform 2023; 147:104524. [PMID: 37838288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2023.104524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Accurate gait detection is crucial in utilizing the ample health information embedded in it. Vision-based approaches for gait detection have emerged as an alternative to the exacting sensor-based approaches, but their application has been rather limited due to complicated feature engineering processes and heavy reliance on lateral views. Thus, this study aimed to find a simple vision-based approach that is view-independent and accurate. A total of 22 participants performed six different actions representing standard and peculiar gaits, and the videos acquired from these actions were used as the input of the deep learning networks. Four networks, including a 2D convolutional neural network and an attention-based deep learning network, were trained with standard gaits, and their detection performance for both standard and peculiar gaits was assessed using measures including F1-scores. While all networks achieved remarkable detection performance, the CNN-Transformer network achieved the best performance for both standard and peculiar gaits. Little deviation by the speed of actions or view angles was found. The study is expected to contribute to the wider application of vision-based approaches in gait detection and gait-based health monitoring both at home and in clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankhzaya Jamsrandorj
- Department of Human Computer Interface & Robotics Engineering, KIST School, University of Science & Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Center for Artificial Intelligence, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dawoon Jung
- Center for Artificial Intelligence, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Konki Sravan Kumar
- Center for Artificial Intelligence, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Zeeshan Arshad
- Center for Artificial Intelligence, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwasup Lim
- Center for Artificial Intelligence, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwook Kim
- Center for Artificial Intelligence, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung-Ryoul Mun
- Center for Artificial Intelligence, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea; KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bahk YC, Jung D, Choi KH. Social distancing policy and mental health during COVID-19 pandemic: an 18-month longitudinal cohort study in South Korea. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1256240. [PMID: 37823072 PMCID: PMC10562579 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1256240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the effectiveness of social distancing policies in preventing the spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), their impact on mental health remains a concern. Longitudinal studies investigating the psychological effects of social distancing are limited. Methods Longitudinal data on psychological variables were collected eight times between May 2020 and November 2021 through online surveys in South Korea. Results The participants in the study reported a worsening of depressive and anxiety symptoms, suicide risk, and psychological distress with increasing levels of social distancing. Specifically, during the third wave, when social distancing levels peaked, the highest levels of depression, anxiety, and psychological distress were observed, and the second-lowest levels of vitality were reported. Furthermore, psychological risk factors, such as depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and suicidal risk, were closely associated with vitality levels in daily life. Discussions During the pandemic, although social distancing helped prevent the spread of COVID-19, it also led to increased depression, anxiety, suicide risk, psychological distress, and decreased vitality. Engagement at a personal level in fundamental daily activities is important to cope with psychological distress. Our results indicate that commitment to fundamental daily activities and following routines is an important protective factor against psychological distress, notwithstanding COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Chun Bahk
- Department of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- KU Mind Health Institute, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dawoon Jung
- Department of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee-Hong Choi
- Department of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- KU Mind Health Institute, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sun C, Zhang C, Guo C, Ding H, Jung D, Seo EY, Aoi Y, He S, Ding L, Zhang W. Muricauda meishanensis sp. nov., a facultative anaerobic bacterium belonging to the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from marine sediment in the East China Sea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73. [PMID: 37750764 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A facultative anaerobic, Gram-strain-negative, rod-shaped bacterium (strain NBU2970T) was isolated by using modified ichip in situ cultivation from a marine sediment sample collected from Meishan Island in the East China Sea. Strain NBU2970T grew optimally at 37 °C, with a NaCl concentration of 2.0 % (w/v) and at pH 7.0. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses revealed that strain NBU2970T represents a novel species with the genus Muricauda, sharing highest sequence identities with Muricauda beolgyonensis BB-My12T (96.1 %), Muricauda alvinocaridis SCR12T (96.0 %), Muricauda taeanensis 105T (96.0 %) and Muricauda ruestringensis B1T (95.6 %). Phylogenetic analyses also indicated that strain NBU2970T clustered with the genus Muricauda and was closely related to M. beolgyonensis BB-My12T and M. ruestringensis B1T. The draft genome sequence of strain NBU2970T was composed of six contigs with a size of 3.2 Mbp, containing 3045 protein-coding genes and 38 RNA genes. The DNA G+C content was 43.8 mol%. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain NBU2970T and related species of the genus Muricauda were well below the threshold limit for prokaryotic species delineation. The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 1 G and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH. The only respiratory quinone was MK-6. The major polar lipid was phosphatidylethanolamine. Based on its phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data, strain NBU2970T is considered to be a representative of a novel species in the genus Muricauda, for which the name Muricauda meishanensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NBU2970T (=KCTC 82915T=MCCC 1K06394T).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaoling Sun
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, PR China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, PR China
| | - Chaobo Guo
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, PR China
| | - Hong Ding
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, PR China
| | - Dawoon Jung
- Ningbo Institute of Marine Medicine, Peking University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, PR China
| | - Eun-Young Seo
- Ningbo Institute of Marine Medicine, Peking University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, PR China
| | - Yoshiteru Aoi
- Unit of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Shan He
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, PR China
- Ningbo Institute of Marine Medicine, Peking University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, PR China
| | - Lijian Ding
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, PR China
| | - Weiyan Zhang
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jung D, Choi J, Park S, Choi KH. Improving older adults' autobiographical memory through video-conferencing intervention during COVID-19. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2023; 38:e5973. [PMID: 37526311 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autobiographical memory (AM) is valuable not only as an indicator of mental health and cognitive function, but also as a target of therapeutic intervention for older adults. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the demand for online psychosocial interventions and assessment services has sharply increased. Thus, the present study examined the effectiveness of videoconferencing AM (vAM) intervention using the Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) method in addition to the traditional paper-and-pencil assessment among samples of community dwelling older adults. METHODS Twenty-seven older adults (aged 66-86 years) participated in a vAM intervention composed of 4 weekly 90-min sessions. The primary outcome was AM specificity, with secondary outcomes as depressive symptom and cognitive function, measured before and after the intervention. In addition, daily emotions were measured through EMA over 4 weeks of intervention. The EMA data were analyzed using a multilevel analysis. RESULTS The results showed low dropout rates (7%) and high EMA response rates (85%). Autobiographical memory specificity increased (Cohen's d = 0.678), and the level of depression declined significantly (Cohen's d = 0.375) after the program. Additionally, measures assessing cognitive function, such as Seoul Verbal Learning Test and DSC (Digit Symbol Coding), showed significant improvements. The EMA results indicated a decrease in the intensity and proportion of negative emotions experienced during the program. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to utilize videoconferencing and EMA to deliver an AM intervention targeting older adults. The intervention was effective in improving mental health and cognitive function, including AM in older adults. Additionally, EMA was found to be a feasible tool for use in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dawoon Jung
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhee Choi
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soohyun Park
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee-Hong Choi
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- KU Mind Health Institute, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Mindeep Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yan C, Owen JS, Seo EY, Jung D, He S. Microbial Interaction is Among the Key Factors for Isolation of Previous Uncultured Microbes. J Microbiol 2023; 61:655-662. [PMID: 37589838 PMCID: PMC10477116 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-023-00063-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Pure cultivation of microbes is still limited by the challenges of microbial uncultivability, with most microbial strains unable to be cultivated under standard laboratory conditions. The experience accumulated from advanced techniques such as in situ cultivation has identified that microbial interactions exist in natural habitats but are absent in laboratory cultures. These microbial interactions are likely one of the key factors in isolating previously uncultured microbes. The need for better knowledge of the mechanisms operating in microbial interactions has led to various experiments that have utilized microbial interactions in different approaches to microbial cultivation. These new attempts to understand microbial interactions not only present a new perspective on microbial uncultivability but also provide an opportunity to access uncultured phylogenetically novel microbes with their potential biotechnology applications. In this review, we focus on studies of the mechanisms of microbial interaction where the growth of other microbes is affected. Additionally, we review some successful applications of microbial interactions in cultivation methods, an approach that can play an important role in the bioprospecting of untapped microbial resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Yan
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315832, People's Republic of China
- Ningbo Institute of Marine Medicine, Peking University, Ningbo, 315832, People's Republic of China
| | - Jeffrey S Owen
- Department of Environmental Science, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yongin, 17035, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Young Seo
- Ningbo Institute of Marine Medicine, Peking University, Ningbo, 315832, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawoon Jung
- Ningbo Institute of Marine Medicine, Peking University, Ningbo, 315832, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shan He
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315832, People's Republic of China.
- Ningbo Institute of Marine Medicine, Peking University, Ningbo, 315832, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jamsrandorj A, Nguyen QHN, Jung D, Baek MS, Mun KR, Kim J. Image-based Gait Spatiotemporal Parameters Estimation using a Single Camera and CNN-Transformer Hybrid Network. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2023; 2023:1-5. [PMID: 38083216 DOI: 10.1109/embc40787.2023.10339950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Vision-based gait analysis can play an important role in the remote and continuous monitoring of the elderly's health conditions. However, most vision-based approaches compute gait spatiotemporal parameters using human pose information and provide average parameters. This study aimed to propose a straightforward method for stride-by-stride gait spatiotemporal parameters estimation. A total of 160 elderly individuals participated in this study. Data were gathered with a GAITRite system and a mobile camera simultaneously. Three deep learning networks were trained with a few RGB frames as input and a continuous 1D signal containing both spatial and temporal gait parameters as output. The trained networks estimated the stride lengths with correlations of 0.938 and more and detected gait events with F1-scores of 0.914 and more.Clinical relevance- The proposed method showed excellent agreements with the GAITRite system in analyzing spatiotemporal gait parameters. Our approach can be applied to monitor the elderly's health conditions based on their gait parameters for early diagnosis of diseases, proper treatment, and timely intervention.
Collapse
|
11
|
Lee H, Jeon J, Jung D, Won JI, Kim K, Kim YJ, Yoon J. RelCurator: a text mining-based curation system for extracting gene-phenotype relationships specific to neurodegenerative disorders. Genes Genomics 2023:10.1007/s13258-023-01405-6. [PMID: 37300788 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-023-01405-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The identification of gene-phenotype relationships is important in medical genetics as it serves as a basis for precision medicine. However, most of the gene-phenotype relationship data are buried in the biomedical literature in textual form. OBJECTIVE We propose RelCurator, a curation system that extracts sentences including both gene and phenotype entities related to specific disease categories from PubMed articles, provides rich additional information such as entity taggings, and predictions of gene-phenotype relationships. METHODS We targeted neurodegenerative disorders and developed a deep learning model using Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (BiGRU) networks and BioWordVec word embeddings for predicting gene-phenotype relationships from biomedical texts. The prediction model is trained with more than 130,000 labeled PubMed sentences including gene and phenotype entities, which are related to or unrelated to neurodegenerative disorders. RESULTS We compared the performance of our deep learning model with those of Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and simple Recurrent Neural Network (simple RNN) models. Our model performed better with an F1-score of 0.96. Furthermore, the evaluation done using a few curation cases in the real scenario showed the effectiveness of our work. Therefore, we conclude that RelCurator can identify not only new causative genes, but also new genes associated with neurodegenerative disorders' phenotype. CONCLUSION RelCurator is a user-friendly method for accessing deep learning-based supporting information and a concise web interface to assist curators while browsing the PubMed articles. Our curation process represents an important and broadly applicable improvement to the state of the art for the curation of gene-phenotype relationships.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heonwoo Lee
- Department of Computer Engineering, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, 200- 702, Republic of Korea
| | - Junbeom Jeon
- Department of Computer Engineering, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, 200- 702, Republic of Korea
| | - Dawoon Jung
- Department of Computer Engineering, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, 200- 702, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Im Won
- Center for Innovation in Engineering Education, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiyong Kim
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Joong Kim
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Neurology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, 16995, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeehee Yoon
- Department of Computer Engineering, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, 200- 702, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Seo EY, Jung D, Epstein SS, Zhang W, Owen JS, Baba H, Yamamoto A, Harada M, Nakashimada Y, Kato S, Aoi Y, He S. A targeted liquid cultivation method for previously uncultured non-colony forming microbes. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1194466. [PMID: 37362942 PMCID: PMC10288195 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1194466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A large number of microbes are not able to form colonies using agar-plating methods, which is one of the reasons that cultivation based on solid media leaves the majority of microbial diversity in the environment inaccessible. We developed a new Non-Colony-Forming Liquid Cultivation method (NCFLC) that can selectively isolate non-colony-forming microbes that exclusively grow in liquid culture. The NCFLC method involves physically separating cells using dilution-to-extinction (DTE) cultivation and then selecting those that could not grow on a solid medium. The NCFLC was applied to marine samples from a coastal intertidal zone and soil samples from a forest area, and the results were compared with those from the standard direct plating method (SDP). The NCFLC yielded fastidious bacteria from marine samples such as Acidobacteriota, Epsilonproteobacteria, Oligoflexia, and Verrucomicrobiota. Furthermore, 62% of the isolated strains were potential new species, whereas only 10% were novel species from SDP. From soil samples, isolates belonging to Acidobacteriota and Armatimonadota (which are known as rare species among identified isolates) were exclusively isolated by NCFLC. Colony formation capabilities of isolates cultivated by NCFLC were tested using solid agar plates, among which approximately one-third of the isolates were non-colony-forming, approximately half-formed micro-colonies, and only a minority could form ordinary size colonies. This indicates that the majority of the strains cultivated by NCFLC were previously uncultured microbial species unavailable using the SDP method. The NCFCL method described here can serve as a new approach to accessing the hidden microbial dark matter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Young Seo
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo Institute of Marine Medicine, Peking University, Ningbo, China
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Dawoon Jung
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo Institute of Marine Medicine, Peking University, Ningbo, China
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Slava S. Epstein
- Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Weiyan Zhang
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jeffrey S. Owen
- Department of Environmental Science, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Hiroaki Baba
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Akina Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Mifuyu Harada
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Yutaka Nakashimada
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Setsu Kato
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Aoi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Shan He
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo Institute of Marine Medicine, Peking University, Ningbo, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Seo Y, Kwon S, Sunarya U, Park S, Park K, Jung D, Cho Y, Park C. Blood pressure estimation and its recalibration assessment using wrist cuff blood pressure monitor. Biomed Eng Lett 2023; 13:221-233. [PMID: 37124108 PMCID: PMC10130301 DOI: 10.1007/s13534-023-00271-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid evolution of wearable technology in healthcare sectors has created the opportunity for people to measure their blood pressure (BP) using a smartwatch at any time during their daily activities. Several commercially-available wearable devices have recently been equipped with a BP monitoring feature. However, concerns about recalibration remain. Pulse transit time (PTT)-based estimation is required for initial calibration, followed by periodic recalibration. Recalibration using arm-cuff BP monitors is not practical during everyday activities. In this study, we investigated recalibration using PTT-based BP monitoring aided by a deep neural network (DNN) and validated the performance achieved with more practical wrist-cuff BP monitors. The PTT-based prediction produced a mean absolute error (MAE) of 4.746 ± 1.529 mmHg for systolic blood pressure (SBP) and 3.448 ± 0.608 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure (DBP) when tested with an arm-cuff monitor employing recalibration. Recalibration clearly improved the performance of both DNN and conventional linear regression approaches. We established that the periodic recalibration performed by a wrist-worn BP monitor could be as accurate as that obtained with an arm-worn monitor, confirming the suitability of wrist-worn devices for everyday use. This is the first study to establish the potential of wrist-cuff BP monitors as a means to calibrate BP monitoring devices that can reliably substitute for arm-cuff BP monitors. With the use of wrist-cuff BP monitoring devices, continuous BP estimation, as well as frequent calibrations to ensure accurate BP monitoring, are now feasible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youjung Seo
- Department of Computer Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897 Korea
| | - Saehim Kwon
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897 Korea
| | - Unang Sunarya
- Department of Computer Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897 Korea
- School of Applied Science, Telkom University, Bandung, 40257 Indonesia
| | - Sungmin Park
- Department of Convergence IT Engineering and the Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673 Korea
| | - Kwangsuk Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080 Korea
| | - Dawoon Jung
- Center for Artificial Intelligence, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 13916 Korea
| | - Youngho Cho
- Department of Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Daelim, Anyang, 13916 Korea
| | - Cheolsoo Park
- Department of Computer Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897 Korea
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jung D, Kim B. The effect of health facility births on newborn mortality in Malawi. Int J Health Econ Manag 2023:10.1007/s10754-023-09348-x. [PMID: 37010654 DOI: 10.1007/s10754-023-09348-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
We examine the effect of health facility delivery on newborn mortality in Malawi using data from a survey of mothers in the Chimutu district, Malawi. The study exploits labour contraction time as an instrumental variable to overcome endogeneity of health facility delivery. The results show that health facility delivery does not reduce 7-day and 28-day mortality rates. In a low-income country like Malawi where the healthcare quality is severely compromised, we conclude that encouraging health facility delivery may not guarantee positive health outcomes for newborn births.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dawoon Jung
- Korea Institute of Public Finance, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Booyuel Kim
- Department of Environmental Planning, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chu RJ, Kim Y, Woo SW, Choi WJ, Jung D. Punctuated growth of InAs quantum dashes-in-a-well for enhanced 2-μm emission. Nanoscale Res Lett 2023; 18:31. [PMID: 36872401 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-023-03810-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
InAs quantum dashes (Qdash) engineered to emit near 2 μm are envisioned to be promising quantum emitters for next-generation technologies in sensing and communications. In this study, we explore the effect of punctuated growth (PG) on the structure and optical properties of InP-based InAs Qdashes emitting near the 2-μm wavelength. Morphological analysis revealed that PG led to an improvement in in-plane size uniformity and increases in average height and height distribution. A 2 × boost in photoluminescence intensity was observed, which we attribute to improved lateral dimensions and structural stabilization. PG encouraged formation of taller Qdashes while photoluminescence measurements revealed a blue-shift in the peak wavelength. We proposed that the blue-shift originates from the thinner quantum well cap and decreased distance between the Qdash and InAlGaAs barrier. This study on the punctuated growth of large InAs Qdashes is a step toward realizing bright, tunable, and broadband sources for 2-μm communications, spectroscopy, and sensing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R J Chu
- Center for Opto-Electronic Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, South Korea
- Division of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, South Korea
| | - Y Kim
- Center for Opto-Electronic Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, South Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - S W Woo
- Center for Opto-Electronic Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, South Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - W J Choi
- Center for Opto-Electronic Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, South Korea
| | - D Jung
- Center for Opto-Electronic Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, South Korea.
- Division of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Park M, Kim YJ, Jung D, Kim Y, Kim HM, Lee Y, Choi IY. Quality improvement of outpatient clinical chemistry tests through a novel middleware-laboratory information system solution. Clin Biochem 2023; 113:21-28. [PMID: 36603804 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2022.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Rapid and accurate laboratory tests are essential to support clinical decision-making. Despite the various efforts to control quality in the laboratory, our outpatient chemistry turnaround time (TAT) has deteriorated since 2018. Moreover, these difficulties have accelerated further due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, we aimed to improve laboratory work efficiency by identifying and eliminating the causes of reduced laboratory work efficiency. DESIGN & METHODS We surveyed to identify tasks that reduce work efficiency. Based on our survey, a new-concept of work assistance middleware linked to laboratory information system (LIS) was developed. The middleware supports test end-time prediction, automatic real-time TAT monitoring, and urgent test requests so that medical technologists can focus on their chemistry tests. The developed middleware was used for 6 months in laboratory and outpatient clinics, and its effectiveness was evaluated. RESULTS The median TAT for outpatient chemistry tests was reduced by 6.6 min, from 72.4 min to 65.8 min. And not only did the maximum TAT for the sample decrease from 353 min to 214 min, but the proportion of samples exceeding the TAT target (120 min) also decreased by 77%; from 2.00% in 2010 (1,905 out of 94,989 samples) to 0.46% in 2021 (453 out of 98,117 samples). 2,199 samples were urgently requested through middleware, and they were processed about 15% faster than other samples, effectively performing urgent tests. The test end-time prediction showed an error of 8.6 min in the evaluation using the MAE (Mean Absolute Error) index. CONCLUSIONS Through this study, the quality and efficiency of the laboratory were improved, and while reducing the workload of medical staff, it contributed to enhancing patient safety and satisfaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minwoo Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 93, Jungbu-daero, Paldal-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 16247, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jin Kim
- H.A.S. Inc., 24, Yeonje-ro, Yeonje-gu, Busan 47605, Republic of Korea
| | - Dawoon Jung
- Department of Mathematics, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongsic Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 93, Jungbu-daero, Paldal-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 16247, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Min Kim
- National Institute for Mathematical Sciences, 70, Yuseong-daero 1689beon-gil, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34047, Republic of Korea
| | - Youjin Lee
- Department of Mathematics, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - In Young Choi
- The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea Songeui Campus, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Procaccini DE, Roem J, Ng DK, Rappold TE, Jung D, Gobburu JVS, Bembea MM. Evaluation of acquired antithrombin deficiency in paediatric patients supported on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2023. [PMID: 36850024 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.15703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS There remains a paucity of literature regarding best practice for antithrombin (AT) monitoring, dosing and dose-response in paediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) patients. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study at a quaternary care paediatric intensive care unit in all patients <18 years of age supported on ECMO from 1 June 2011 to 30 April 2020. Adverse events and outcomes were characterized for all ECMO runs. AT activity and replacement were characterized and compared between two clinical protocols. AT activities measured post- vs. pre-AT replacement were compared in order to characterize a dose-response relationship. RESULTS The final cohort included 191 patients with 201 ECMO runs and 2028 AT activity measurements. The median AT activity was 65% (interquartile range [IQR], 51-82) and 879 (43.3%) measurements met the criteria of deficient. The overall median AT dose and increase in AT activity were 50.6 units/kg/dose (IQR, 39.5-67.2) and 23.5% (IQR, 9.8-36.0), respectively. In the protocol that restricted AT activity measurements to clinical scenarios concerning for heparin resistance, there was significantly higher dosing in conjunction with significantly fewer overall administrations. Approximately one third of AT activity remained deficient after repletion. There was no difference in mechanical complications, reasons for discontinuation of ECMO support, time on ECMO or survival between protocols. CONCLUSIONS There was a high prevalence of AT deficiency in paediatric ECMO patients. An AT replacement protocol based on evaluating heparin resistance is associated with fewer AT administrations, with similar circuit and patient outcomes. Further data are needed to identify optimal dosing strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David E Procaccini
- Department of Pharmacy, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer Roem
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Derek K Ng
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Thomas E Rappold
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dawoon Jung
- Center for Translational Medicine, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jogarao V S Gobburu
- Center for Translational Medicine, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Melania M Bembea
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jung D, Hwang S, Kim HJ, Han JH, Lee HN. Characterization of Porous CuO Films for H 2S Gas Sensors. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:7270. [PMID: 36295331 PMCID: PMC9610780 DOI: 10.3390/ma15207270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Using a thermal evaporator, various porous Cu films were deposited according to the deposition pressure. CuO films were formed by post heat treatment in the air. Changes in morphological and structural characteristics of films were analyzed using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Relative density and porosity were quantitatively calculated. CuO films with various pores ranging from 39.4 to 95.2% were successfully manufactured and were applied as gas sensors for H2S detection on interdigitated electrode (IDE) substrate. Resistance change was monitored at 325 °C and an increase in porosity of the film improved the sensor performance. The CuO-10 gas sensor with a high porosity of 95.2% showed a relatively high response (2.7) and a fast recovery time (514 s) for H2S 1.5 ppm. It is confirmed that the porosity of the CuO detection layer had a significant effect on response and recovery time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dawoon Jung
- Heat & Surface Technology R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Incheon 21999, Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Gacheon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Korea
| | - Sehoon Hwang
- Heat & Surface Technology R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Incheon 21999, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jong Kim
- Heat & Surface Technology R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Incheon 21999, Korea
| | - Jae-Hee Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Gacheon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Korea
| | - Ho-Nyun Lee
- Heat & Surface Technology R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Incheon 21999, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Alejo A, Ahmed H, Krygier AG, Clarke R, Freeman RR, Fuchs J, Green A, Green JS, Jung D, Kleinschmidt A, Morrison JT, Najmudin Z, Nakamura H, Norreys P, Notley M, Oliver M, Roth M, Vassura L, Zepf M, Borghesi M, Kar S. Stabilized Radiation Pressure Acceleration and Neutron Generation in Ultrathin Deuterated Foils. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:114801. [PMID: 36154426 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.114801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Premature relativistic transparency of ultrathin, laser-irradiated targets is recognized as an obstacle to achieving a stable radiation pressure acceleration in the "light sail" (LS) mode. Experimental data, corroborated by 2D PIC simulations, show that a few-nm thick overcoat surface layer of high Z material significantly improves ion bunching at high energies during the acceleration. This is diagnosed by simultaneous ion and neutron spectroscopy following irradiation of deuterated plastic targets. In particular, copious and directional neutron production (significantly larger than for other in-target schemes) arises, under optimal parameters, as a signature of plasma layer integrity during the acceleration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Alejo
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
- Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - H Ahmed
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - A G Krygier
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - R Clarke
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - R R Freeman
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - J Fuchs
- LULI-CNRS, CEA, UPMC Univ Paris 06: Sorbonne Université, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - A Green
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - J S Green
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - D Jung
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - A Kleinschmidt
- Institut für Kernphysik, TU Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J T Morrison
- Propulsion Systems Directorate, Air Force Research Lab, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, USA
| | - Z Najmudin
- The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - H Nakamura
- The John Adams Institute for Accelerator Science, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - P Norreys
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - M Notley
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - M Oliver
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - M Roth
- Institut für Kernphysik, TU Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - L Vassura
- LULI-CNRS, CEA, UPMC Univ Paris 06: Sorbonne Université, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - M Zepf
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - M Borghesi
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - S Kar
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ding H, Liu J, Yang C, Guo C, Ding L, Jung D, Zhang W. Hanstruepera marina sp. nov. and Hanstruepera flava sp. nov., two novel species in the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated by a modified in situ cultivation technique from marine sediment. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:957397. [PMID: 35935200 PMCID: PMC9355603 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.957397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A modified in situ cultivation technique was developed and applied to resource mining of uncultured microbes from marine sediments of Meishan Island in the East China Sea. Two novel strains NBU2968T and NBU2984T were isolated by this method but not standard Petri dish, which indicated the modified technique was more effective compared to conventional approaches for isolating uncultured microbes and could be popularized and applied to other aquatic environments. The two novel strains were identified by the polyphasic taxonomic approach. Cells of both strains were observed to be Gram-staining-negative, rod-shaped, nonmotile, aerobic, and yellow-pigmented. Catalase and oxidase activities and hydrolysis of Tweens 40, 60, and 80 of two novel strains were positive. Methyl red reaction, H2S production, and hydrolysis of Tween 20 were negative. According to 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, two novel strains shared the highest similarities (96.4-97.7%) to the species with a validated name in the genus Hanstruepera, while shared lower sequence similarities (<95.6%) to all other genera. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that strains NBU2968T and NBU2984T were affiliated with the genus Hanstruepera. ANI and dDDH values between the two novel strains and Hanstruepera species were 77.4-78.3% and 20.4-20.9%, respectively, which were below the thresholds for species delineation. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, ANI, and dDDH values between the two novel strains were 99.3, 88.9, and 36.3%, respectively, indicating that the two strains represent different species. The genomes of NBU2968T and NBU2984T were 3.28 Mbp with a G+C content of 34.2% and 3.09 Mbp with a G+C content of 34.4%, respectively. The only respiratory quinone was menaquinone-6 (MK-6). The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15:0, iso-C15:1G, and iso-C17:0 3-OH. The major polar lipids of the two strains were phosphatidylethanolamine, unidentified amino lipids, and unidentified lipids. Based on the above polyphasic characteristics, strains NBU2968T and NBU2984T represent two novel species within the genus Hanstruepera, for which the names Hanstruepera marina sp. nov. and Hanstruepera flava sp. nov. are proposed. The type strains are NBU2968T (= MCCC 1K06392T= KCTC 82913T) and NBU2984T (= MCCC 1K07472T= KCTC 92511T), respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Weiyan Zhang
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Jung D, Kim J, Mun KR. Identifying Depression in the Elderly Using Gait Accelerometry. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2022; 2022:4946-4949. [PMID: 36086152 DOI: 10.1109/embc48229.2022.9871877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As the number of elderly people suffering from depression increases today, new techniques for active monitoring of depression are in need than ever. Hence this study aimed to propose an approach of identifying depression in the elderly using gait accelerometry and a machine learning algorithm. A total of 45 community-dwelling elderly individuals participated in the study. Twenty-two out of 45 participants were patients with depression and the remaining 23 participants were individuals without depression. The participants completed a 7-meter walking twice at their preferred speeds with an accelerometer on their lower back. The anterior-posterior acceleration signals measured at the lower back while walking were segmented into acceleration falling and rising phases. Then eight descriptive statistical and six morphological parameters were extracted from each phase. The extracted parameters were ordered chronologically and used as a gait sequence feature. The 4-fold cross-validation of the bidirectional long short-term memory network-based classifiers that used the gait sequence feature as input showed an average accuracy of 0.956 in classifying the elderly with depression and those without depression. The study is expected to serve as a milestone exploring the use of gait accelerometry in assessing various health conditions in the future. Clinical Relevance- The findings of this study will pave a new way for self-monitoring of health conditions in the daily life of individuals, which can open the door for earlier recognition of health risks and more timely treatment.
Collapse
|
22
|
Esagoff A, Stevens D, Bray M, Bryant B, Daneshvari N, Jung D, Rodriguez C, Richey L, Luna L, Sair H, Peters M. Neuroimaging Correlates of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Eur Psychiatry 2022. [PMCID: PMC9567129 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Neuroimaging has been a highly utilized technique for studying traumatic brain injury (TBI) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) independently of one another, however, neuroimaging has increasingly been identified as a useful tool in better understanding TBI-related psychiatric conditions, such as PTSD. Objectives To complete a systematic review of the literature examining neuroimaging findings in TBI-related PTSD and to highlight the current literature’s limitations in order to strengthen future research. Methods A PRISMA compliant literature search was conducted in PubMed (MEDLINE), PsychINFO, EMBASE, and Scopus databases prior to May of 2019. The initial database query yielded 4388 unique articles, which were narrowed down based on specified inclusion criteria (e.g., clear TBI definition, clinician-diagnosed PTSD, statistically analyzed relationship between neuroimaging and PTSD, quantified time interval between TBI and neuroimaging). Results A final cohort of 10 articles met inclusion criteria, comprising the findings of 482 participants with TBI. Key neuroanatomical findings among the included articles suggest that PTSD is associated with significant changes in whole-brain networks of resting state connectivity and disruptions in bilateral frontal and temporal white matter tracts, fronto-limbic pathways, the internal capsule, and the uncinate fasciculus (Figure 1).
Neuroimaging Findings in TBI-related PTSD. ![]() Replicated Neuroimaging Findings in TBI-related PTSD in the Right Uncinate Fasciculus. ![]() Conclusions Additional inquiry with attention to specified imaging timing post-injury, consistent TBI definitions, clinician-diagnosed TBI and PTSD, and control groups is crucial to extrapolating discrepancies between primary and TBI-related PTSD. Prospective studies could further differentiate predisposing factors from sequelae of TBI-related
PTSD. Disclosure No significant relationships.
Collapse
|
23
|
Martin P, Ahmed H, Doria D, Alejo A, Clarke R, Ferguson S, Fernández-Tobias J, Freeman RR, Fuchs J, Green A, Green JS, Gwynne D, Hanton F, Jarrett J, Jung D, Kakolee KF, Krygier AG, Lewis CLS, McIlvenny A, McKenna P, Morrison JT, Najmudin Z, Naughton K, Nersisyan G, Norreys P, Notley M, Roth M, Ruiz JA, Scullion C, Zepf M, Zhai S, Borghesi M, Kar S. Absolute calibration of Fujifilm BAS-TR image plate response to laser driven protons up to 40 MeV. Rev Sci Instrum 2022; 93:053303. [PMID: 35649771 DOI: 10.1063/5.0089402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Image plates (IPs) are a popular detector in the field of laser driven ion acceleration, owing to their high dynamic range and reusability. An absolute calibration of these detectors to laser-driven protons in the routinely produced tens of MeV energy range is, therefore, essential. In this paper, the response of Fujifilm BAS-TR IPs to 1-40 MeV protons is calibrated by employing the detectors in high resolution Thomson parabola spectrometers in conjunction with a CR-39 nuclear track detector to determine absolute proton numbers. While CR-39 was placed in front of the image plate for lower energy protons, it was placed behind the image plate for energies above 10 MeV using suitable metal filters sandwiched between the image plate and CR-39 to select specific energies. The measured response agrees well with previously reported calibrations as well as standard models of IP response, providing, for the first time, an absolute calibration over a large range of proton energies of relevance to current experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Martin
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - H Ahmed
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - D Doria
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - A Alejo
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - R Clarke
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - S Ferguson
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - J Fernández-Tobias
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - R R Freeman
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - J Fuchs
- LULI - CNRS, CEA, UPMC Univ Paris 06 : Sorbonne Université, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris - F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - A Green
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - J S Green
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - D Gwynne
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - F Hanton
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - J Jarrett
- Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0NG, United Kingdom
| | - D Jung
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - K F Kakolee
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - A G Krygier
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - C L S Lewis
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - A McIlvenny
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - P McKenna
- Department of Physics, SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0NG, United Kingdom
| | - J T Morrison
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - Z Najmudin
- Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics, Imperial College, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - K Naughton
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - G Nersisyan
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - P Norreys
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - M Notley
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - M Roth
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schloßgartenstrasse 9, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J A Ruiz
- Instituto de Fusion Nuclear, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - C Scullion
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - M Zepf
- Helmholtz Institut Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - S Zhai
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - M Borghesi
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| | - S Kar
- Centre for Plasma Physics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Dunn A, Jung D, Bollinger LL, Krams M, Smith BP, Gobburu JVS. Accelerating the Availability of Medications to Pediatric Patients by Optimizing the Use of Extrapolation of Efficacy. Ther Innov Regul Sci 2022; 56:873-882. [PMID: 35471560 DOI: 10.1007/s43441-022-00411-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Improving pediatric therapeutic development is a mission of universal importance among health authorities, pharmaceutical companies, academic institutions, and healthcare professionals. Following the passage of legislation in the United States and Europe, we witnessed the most significant advancement yet in pediatric data generation, resulting in added pediatric use information to almost 700 product labels. Tools to accelerate generation of data for the pediatric population are available for use today, and when utilized in accordance with current practices and laws, these tools could increase the amount and timeliness of pediatric information available for clinicians and patients. If we utilize the current laws that allow regulators to incentivize and require evidence generation, apply extrapolation, and utilize modeling and simulation, as well as including adolescents in the pivotal studies alongside adults as appropriate, two strategic goals could be achieved by 2030: (1) reduce the time to pediatric approval by 50%, and (2) renew pediatric labeling information for 15 priority pediatric drugs without patent and/or exclusivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allison Dunn
- Center for Translational Medicine, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 North Pine Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Dawoon Jung
- Center for Translational Medicine, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 North Pine Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | | | - Michael Krams
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, PA, USA
| | - Brian P Smith
- Early Development Analytics, Novartis Institutes of Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jogarao V S Gobburu
- Center for Translational Medicine, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 North Pine Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kim SJ, Nguyen LT, Seo YJ, Jung D, Shin YS, Kim J, Choi JY, Song SY. Bone healing on serial plain radiographs occurs slowly but adequately after medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy without bone graft. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2022; 30:993-1000. [PMID: 33646369 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-021-06506-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to prospectively investigate osteotomy gap filling rates on serial plain radiographs, and to evaluate whether alignment correction is maintained after medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO) using a locking plate without bone graft. METHODS Between March 2014 and June 2017, MOWHTO was performed without bone graft regardless of gap size. Radiographs were taken preoperatively, postoperatively, at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after surgery. Radiographic examinations included a weight bearing long-standing anteroposterior (AP) view of the whole lower extremity, as well as, the AP, lateral, and both oblique views of the knee. Bone healing was measured on the medial oblique view of the knee. The postoperative alignment correction and its maintenance were assessed using the three radiologic parameters of the weight-bearing line (WBL) ratio, the hip-knee-ankle angle (HKAA), and the medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) on the weight-bearing long-standing AP view of the lower extremity. RESULTS Fifty-two consecutive patients underwent MOWHTO, but three patients failed to follow-up for more than 24 months. A total of 49 patients were assessed in this study. The median opening gap height was 10.0 mm (IQR, 8.0-12.0; range, 7-20). On immediate post-operative radiographs, the mean gap filling was 31.4 ± 3.6%. After 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months, the mean gap filling rates increased to 38.7 ± 4.4%, 51.4 ± 6.6%, 66.5 ± 5.1%, 84.8 ± 7.0%, 92.4 ± 5.6%, and 97.8 ± 2.3%, respectively. Statistical differences were observed between all the follow-up evaluations (P < 0.001). Statistical differences in the WBL ratio, HKAA, and MPTA were observed between preoperatively and 1 month after surgery (P < 0.001). The mean PTSA increased significantly from preoperatively to postoperatively (P < 0.001). However, no statistical differences were found between the post-operative follow-up radiographs performed for these four values. CONCLUSION MOWHTO using a locking plate without bone graft achieved at least 90% bone healing and had no loss in correction at 2 years postoperatively. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Jae Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 7 Keunjaebong-gil, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi-do, 18450, Republic of Korea
| | - Lich Thi Nguyen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 7 Keunjaebong-gil, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi-do, 18450, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jin Seo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 7 Keunjaebong-gil, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi-do, 18450, Republic of Korea
| | - Dawoon Jung
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 7 Keunjaebong-gil, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi-do, 18450, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Soo Shin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeehyoung Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul Sacred Heart General Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Choi
- School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Young Song
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 7 Keunjaebong-gil, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi-do, 18450, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Jung D, Lee J, Meijer E. Revisiting the Effect of Retirement on Cognition: Heterogeneity and Endowment. J Econ Ageing 2022; 21:100361. [PMID: 34840944 PMCID: PMC8612376 DOI: 10.1016/j.jeoa.2021.100361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Since the seminal paper of Rohwedder and Willis (2010), the effect of retirement on cognition has drawn significant research interest from economists. Especially with ongoing policy discussions about public pension reforms and the increasing burden of dementia, it is indisputably an important research question with significant policy implications. Building on this growing literature, our paper makes two important contributions. First, we explicitly consider cognitive demands of jobs in studying hetereogeneity of the retirement effect. As the primary explanation for the potential adverse effect of retirement is that cognition is better maintained through mental exercise (Salthouse, 2006), by investigating the cognitive demands of the job one retires from we can directly test the hypothesized relationship. Second, we avoid biases associated with omitted variables, particularly by controlling for endowed cognitive ability. While endowed, genetic differences in cognitive ability is an important omitted variable that can explain individual differences in cognitive performance as well as selection into a particular type of job, this inherited characteristic has not been controlled for in the prior literature. Taking advantage of the polygenic risk score of cognition (Davies et al., 2015), we control for individual differences in genetic endowments in estimating the effect of retirement on cognition. We find supporting evidence for differential effects of retirement by cognitive demands of jobs after controlling for innate differences in cognition and educational attainment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jinkook Lee
- University of Southern California and RAND Corporation
| | - Erik Meijer
- University of Southern California and RAND Corporation
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Gordon O, Brosnan MK, Yoon S, Jung D, Littlefield K, Ganesan A, Caputo CA, Li M, Morgenlander WR, Henson SN, Ordonez AA, De Jesus P, Tucker EW, Peart Akindele N, Ma Z, Wilson J, Ruiz-Bedoya CA, Younger MEM, Bloch EM, Shoham S, Sullivan D, Tobian AA, Cooke KR, Larman B, Gobburu JV, Casadevall A, Pekosz A, Lederman HM, Klein SL, Jain SK. Pharmacokinetics of high-titer anti-SARS-CoV-2 human convalescent plasma in high-risk children. JCI Insight 2022; 7:151518. [PMID: 34855624 PMCID: PMC8855821 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.151518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDWhile most children who contract COVID-19 experience mild disease, high-risk children with underlying conditions may develop severe disease, requiring interventions. Kinetics of antibodies transferred via COVID-19 convalescent plasma early in disease have not been characterized.METHODSIn this study, high-risk children were prospectively enrolled to receive high-titer COVID-19 convalescent plasma (>1:320 anti-spike IgG; Euroimmun). Passive transfer of antibodies and endogenous antibody production were serially evaluated for up to 2 months after transfusion. Commercial and research ELISA assays, virus neutralization assays, high-throughput phage-display assay utilizing a coronavirus epitope library, and pharmacokinetic analyses were performed.RESULTSFourteen high-risk children (median age, 7.5 years) received high-titer COVID-19 convalescent plasma, 9 children within 5 days (range, 2-7 days) of symptom onset and 5 children within 4 days (range, 3-5 days) after exposure to SARS-CoV-2. There were no serious adverse events related to transfusion. Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were transferred from the donor to the recipient, but antibody titers declined by 14-21 days, with a 15.1-day half-life for spike protein IgG. Donor plasma had significant neutralization capacity, which was transferred to the recipient. However, as early as 30 minutes after transfusion, recipient plasma neutralization titers were 6.2% (range, 5.9%-6.7%) of donor titers.CONCLUSIONConvalescent plasma transfused to high-risk children appears to be safe, with expected antibody kinetics, regardless of weight or age. However, current use of convalescent plasma in high-risk children achieves neutralizing capacity, which may protect against severe disease but is unlikely to provide lasting protection.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT04377672.FundingThe state of Maryland, Bloomberg Philanthropies, and the NIH (grants R01-AI153349, R01-AI145435-A1, K08-AI139371-A1, and T32-AI052071).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oren Gordon
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mary Katherine Brosnan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Steve Yoon
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dawoon Jung
- Center for Translational Medicine, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kirsten Littlefield
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Abhinaya Ganesan
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Christopher A. Caputo
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Maggie Li
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - Alvaro A. Ordonez
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Patricia De Jesus
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Nadine Peart Akindele
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Zexu Ma
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jo Wilson
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Camilo A. Ruiz-Bedoya
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Evan M. Bloch
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology
| | - Shmuel Shoham
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, and
| | - David Sullivan
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Kenneth R. Cooke
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ben Larman
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology
| | - Jogarao V.S. Gobburu
- Center for Translational Medicine, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Arturo Casadevall
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrew Pekosz
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Sabra L. Klein
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sanjay K. Jain
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhang Y, He S, Shi L, Liu Y, Mao D, Liu B, He X, Nowruzi B, Jung D, Zhang W, Ding L, He S, Liu L. Paraneptunicella aestuarii gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Alteromonadaceae isolated from seawater in East China Sea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71. [PMID: 34913427 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An aerobic Gram-stain-negative, curved rod-shaped and non-spore-forming bacterial strain (NBU2194T) was isolated from seawater collected in an intertidal zone in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, PR China. It was motile though a single polar flagellum and grew at 20-42 °C (optimum, 30 °C), in 0-2.0 % NaCl (0 %, w/v) and at pH 5.0-9.0 (pH 6.0-7.0). The sole respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-8. The major cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0, C16 : 1 ω7c and/or C16 : 1 ω6c. The polar lipids contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, one unidentified phospholipid and two unidentified aminophosphoglycolipids. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and 65 genomic core genes showed that strain NBU2194T formed a distinct lineage in the family Alteromonadaceae. The genome of strain NBU2194T was 4 913 533 bp with a DNA G+C content of 43.9 mol% and coded 3895 genes, 12 rRNA genes and 47 tRNA genes. The average nucleotide identity, amino acid identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain NBU2194T and related species of Alteromonadaceae were below the threshold limit for prokaryotic species delineation. NBU2194T could be distinguished from other genera in the family Alteromonadaceae based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genomic characteristics. On the basis of the polyphasic taxonomic evidence collected in this study, strain NBU2194T is considered to represent a novel genus and species in the family Alteromonadaceae, for which the name Paraneptunicella aestuarii is proposed. The type strain is NBU2194T (=KCTC 82442T=GDMCC 1.2217T).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhu Zhang
- Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Shufen He
- Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Liufei Shi
- Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China.,Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, PR China
| | - Deqiang Mao
- Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Biying Liu
- Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Xiaoping He
- Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Bahareh Nowruzi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Dawoon Jung
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Weiyan Zhang
- Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China.,Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Lijian Ding
- Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China.,Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Shan He
- Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China.,Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Liwei Liu
- Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China.,Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China.,Stake Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kim U, Jung D, Jeong H, Park J, Jung HM, Cheong J, Choi HR, Do H, Park C. Integrated linkage-driven dexterous anthropomorphic robotic hand. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7177. [PMID: 34907178 PMCID: PMC8671524 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27261-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Robotic hands perform several amazing functions similar to the human hands, thereby offering high flexibility in terms of the tasks performed. However, developing integrated hands without additional actuation parts while maintaining important functions such as human-level dexterity and grasping force is challenging. The actuation parts make it difficult to integrate these hands into existing robotic arms, thus limiting their applicability. Based on a linkage-driven mechanism, an integrated linkage-driven dexterous anthropomorphic robotic hand called ILDA hand, which integrates all the components required for actuation and sensing and possesses high dexterity, is developed. It has the following features: 15-degree-of-freedom (20 joints), a fingertip force of 34N, compact size (maximum length: 218 mm) without additional parts, low weight of 1.1 kg, and tactile sensing capabilities. Actual manipulation tasks involving tools used in everyday life are performed with the hand mounted on a commercial robot arm. Though robotic hands capable of adaptive grasping have been developed, realizing integrated hands with higher degree of freedom (DOF) movement and technology compatibility remains a challenge. Here, the authors report integrated linkage-driven robotic hand with improved design and performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uikyum Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Korea. .,Department of Robotics and Mechatronics, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, 34103, Korea.
| | - Dawoon Jung
- Department of Control and Instrumentation Engineering, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, Korea
| | - Heeyoen Jeong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Jongwoo Park
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, 34103, Korea
| | - Hyun-Mok Jung
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, 34103, Korea
| | - Joono Cheong
- Department of Control and Instrumentation Engineering, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, Korea
| | - Hyouk Ryeol Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Hyunmin Do
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, 34103, Korea
| | - Chanhun Park
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials (KIMM), Daejeon, 34103, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Jung D, Mun KR, Yoo S, Jung H, Kim J. A Study on the Contribution of Medial and Lateral Longitudinal Foot Arch to Human Gait. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2021; 2021:4559-4565. [PMID: 34892231 DOI: 10.1109/embc46164.2021.9629953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the contribution of medial longitudinal arch and lateral longitudinal arch in human gait and to study the correlation between foot features and gait characteristics. The foot arch plays a significant role in human movements, and understanding its contribution to spatiotemporal gait parameters is vital in predicting and rectifying gait patterns. To serve the objectives, the study developed a new foot feature measurement system and measured the foot features and spatiotemporal gait parameters of 17 young healthy subjects without any foot structure abnormality. The foot-feature parameters were measured under three movement conditions which were sitting, standing, and one-leg standing conditions. The spatiotemporal gait parameters were measured at three speeds which were fast, preferred, and slow speeds. The correlation study showed that medial longitudinal arch characteristics were found to be associated with temporal gait parameters while lateral longitudinal arch characteristics were found to be associated with spatial gait parameters. The developed system not only eases the burden of manual measuring but also secures accuracy of the collected data. Inviting variety of subjects including athletes and people with abnormal foot structures would extend the scope of this study in the future. The findings of this study break new ground in the field of the foot- and gait-related research work.Clinical Relevance-This study demonstrated that the medial longitudinal arch and lateral longitudinal arch characteristics were related to the temporal and spatial gait parameters, respectively. These underlying findings can be applied to investigate relationships between foot abnormality and gait characteristics.
Collapse
|
31
|
Jung D, Nguyen MD, Arshad MZ, Kim J, Mun KR. Personal Identification Using Gait Spectrograms and Deep Convolutional Neural Networks. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2021; 2021:6899-6904. [PMID: 34892691 DOI: 10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Human gait can serve as a useful behavioral trait for biometrics. Compared to fingerprint, face, and iris, the most commonly used physiological identifiers, gait can be unobtrusively monitored from a distance without requiring explicit involvement and physical restraint from people. Advances in wearable technology facilitate direct and faithful measurement of gait motions with easy-to-use and low-cost inertial sensors. This study aimed to propose an approach to using kinematic gait data collected with wearable inertial sensors for reliable personal identification. Sixty-nine individuals ranged in age from 24 to 62 years old participated in this study. The 3-axis acceleration and the 3-axis angular velocity signals were measured using the inertial measurement units attached to the feet, shanks, thighs, and posterior pelvis while walking. The gait spectrograms were acquired by applying time-frequency analyses to the lower body movement signals measured in one stride. Among each participant's 15 strides, 12 strides were used in the 4-fold cross validation of the deep convolutional neural network-based classifiers, and the remaining three strides were used to evaluate the classifiers. An accuracy of 99.69% was achieved by using the foot, shank, thigh, and pelvic spectrograms, and the accuracy was 96.89% using only the foot spectrograms. This study has the potential to be applied in behavior-based biometric technologies by confirming the feasibility of the proposed kinematic and spectrographic approaches in identifying personal behavioral characteristics.
Collapse
|
32
|
Kumar KS, Jamsarndorj A, Jung D, Lee D, Kim J, Mun KR. Vision-based human joint angular velocity estimation during squat and walking on a treadmill actions. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2021; 2021:2186-2190. [PMID: 34891721 DOI: 10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Elderly health monitoring, rehabilitation training, and sport supervision could benefit from continuous assessment of joint angle, and angular velocity to identify the joint movement patterns. However, most of the measurement systems are designed based on special kinematic sensors to estimate angular velocities. The study aims to measure the lower limb joint angular velocity based on a 2D vision camera system during squat and walking on treadmill action using deep convolution neural network (CNN) architecture. Experiments were conducted on 12 healthy adults, and six digital cameras were used to capture the videos of the participant actions in lateral and frontal view. The normalized cross-correlation (Ccnorm) analysis was performed to obtain a degree of symmetry of the ground truth and estimated angular velocity waveform patterns. Mean Ccnorm for angular velocity estimation by deep CNN model has higher than 0.90 in walking on the treadmill and 0.89 in squat action. Furthermore, joint-wise angular velocities at the hip, knee, and ankle joints were observed and compared. The proposed system gets higher estimation performance under the lateral view and the frontal view of the camera. This study potentially eliminates the requirement of wearable sensors and proves the applicability of using video-based system to measure joint angular velocities during squat and walking on a treadmill actions.
Collapse
|
33
|
Arshad MZ, Jung D, Park M, Mun KR, Kim J. Gait-based Human Identification through Minimum Gait-phases and Sensors. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2021; 2021:7044-7049. [PMID: 34892725 DOI: 10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The incredible pace at which the world's elderly population is growing will put severe burdens on current healthcare systems and resources. To alleviate this concern the health care systems must rely on the transformation of eldercare and old homes to use Ambient Assisted Living (AAL). Human identification is one of the most common and critical tasks for condition monitoring, human-machine interaction, and providing assistive services in such environments. Recently, human gait has gained new attention as a biometric for identification to achieve contactless identification from a distance robust to physical appearances. However, an important aspect of gait identification through wearables and image-based systems alike is accurate identification when limited information is available for example, when only a fraction of the whole gait cycle or only a part of the subject's body is visible. In this paper, we present a gait identification technique based on temporal and descriptive statistic parameters of different gait phases as the features and we investigate the performance of using only single gait phases for the identification task using a minimum number of sensors. Gait data were collected from 60 individuals through pelvis and foot sensors. Six different machine learning algorithms were used for identification. It was shown that it is possible to achieve high accuracy of over 95.5% by monitoring a single phase of the whole gait cycle through only a single sensor. It was also shown that the proposed methodology could be used to achieve 100% identification accuracy when the whole gait cycle was monitored through pelvis and foot sensors combined. The ANN was found to be more robust to less number of data features compared to SVM and was concluded as the best machine algorithm for the purpose.
Collapse
|
34
|
Arshad MZ, Jung D, Park M, Shin H, Kim J, Mun KR. Gait-based Frailty Assessment using Image Representation of IMU Signals and Deep CNN. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2021; 2021:1874-1879. [PMID: 34891653 DOI: 10.1109/embc46164.2021.9630976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Frailty is a common and critical condition in elderly adults, which may lead to further deterioration of health. However, difficulties and complexities exist in traditional frailty assessments based on activity-related questionnaires. These can be overcome by monitoring the effects of frailty on the gait. In this paper, it is shown that by encoding gait signals as images, deep learning-based models can be utilized for the classification of gait type. Two deep learning models (a) SS-CNN, based on single stride input images, and (b) MS-CNN, based on 3 consecutive strides were proposed. It was shown that MS-CNN performs best with an accuracy of 85.1%, while SS-CNN achieved an accuracy of 77.3%. This is because MS-CNN can observe more features corresponding to stride-to-stride variations which is one of the key symptoms of frailty. Gait signals were encoded as images using STFT, CWT, and GAF. While the MS-CNN model using GAF images achieved the best overall accuracy and precision, CWT has a slightly better recall. This study demonstrates how image encoded gait data can be used to exploit the full potential of deep learning CNN models for the assessment of frailty.
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhu S, Cheng Y, Guo C, Xie F, Jung D, Zhang W, He S. Nisaea sediminum sp. nov., a heavy metal resistant bacterium isolated from marine sediment in the East China Sea. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2021; 114:2113-2121. [PMID: 34564804 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-021-01665-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A Gram-negative, rod-shaped, motile and strictly aerobic bacterium, designated NBU1469T, was isolated from marine sediment sampled on Meishan Island located in the East China Sea. Strain NBU1469T grew optimally at temperature of 40 °C, NaCl concentration of 2.0% (w/v) and pH 7.5. Catalase and oxidase activities, H2S production, nitrate reduction and hydrolysis of Tween 20 were positive. Indole, methyl red reaction, urease, hydrolysis of gelatin, starch, casein, Tweens 40, 60 and 80 were negative. The major cellular fatty acids were C16:0, C19:0 cyclo ω8c and summed feature 8 (C18:1 ω7c and/or C18:1 ω6c). The only respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-10 (Q-10). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, two unidentified amino-phospholipids and two unidentified phospholipids. Comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed highest similarities to the species with validated name Nisaea nitritireducens DR41_18T (98.1%) and Nisaea denitrificans DR41_21T (97.6%). Phylogenetic analyses indicated that strain NBU1469T formed a distinct lineage with strains Nisaea nitritireducens DR41_18T and Nisaea denitrificans DR41_21T within the genus Nisaea. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain NBU1469T and related species of genus Nisaea were well below the threshold limit for prokaryotic species delineation. The DNA G + C content was 63.6%. Based on its phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data, strain NBU1469T is considered to be a representative of a novel species in the genus Nisaea, for which the name Nisaea sediminum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NBU1469T (=KCTC 82224 T =MCCC 1K04763T).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suting Zhu
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315832, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuping Cheng
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaobo Guo
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Feilu Xie
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawoon Jung
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiyan Zhang
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shan He
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Jung D, Kim J, Kim M, Won CW, Mun KR. Frailty Assessment Using Temporal Gait Characteristics and a Long Short-Term Memory Network. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2021; 25:3649-3658. [PMID: 33755570 DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2021.3067931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Faced with the rapidly aging world population, frailty has emerged as a major health burden among the elderly. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of using temporal gait characteristics and a long short-term memory network for assessing frailty. Seventy-four community-dwelling elderly individuals participated in this study. The participants were categorized into three groups by their FRAIL scale: robust, pre-frail, and frail groups. The participants completed a 7-meter walking at the self-selected pace with a gyroscope on each foot. Analyzing the gyroscopic data produced seven temporal gait parameters per each gait cycle. Enumerating six consecutive values of each gait parameter produced the gait sequence features which were used as frailty predictors along with the demographic features. Five-fold cross-validation was applied to 70% of the data, and the remaining 30% were used as test data. An F1-score of 0.931 was achieved in classifying the robust, pre-frail, and frail groups by the random forest model trained with age, sex, and the outputs of the long short-term memory network-based classifier that used the initial and terminal double-limb support, step, and stride times as inputs. The proposed approach of assessing frailty using the arrhythmic gait pattern of the elderly and machine learning technique is novel and promising. Pioneering a way that self-monitor frailty at home without any help from experts, the study can contribute toearly diagnosis of frailty and make timely medical intervention possible.
Collapse
|
37
|
Jung D, Machida K, Nakao Y, Kindaichi T, Ohashi A, Aoi Y. Triggering Growth via Growth Initiation Factors in Nature: A Putative Mechanism for in situ Cultivation of Previously Uncultivated Microorganisms. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:537194. [PMID: 34017313 PMCID: PMC8129545 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.537194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Most microorganisms resist cultivation under standard laboratory conditions. On the other hand, cultivating microbes in a membrane-bound device incubated in nature (in situ cultivation) can be an effective approach to overcome this limitation. In the present study, we applied in situ cultivation to isolate diverse previously uncultivated marine sponge-associated microbes and comparatively analyzed this method's efficiencies with those of the conventional method. Then, we attempted to investigate the key and previously unidentified mechanism of growing uncultivated microorganisms by in situ cultivation focusing on growth triggering via growth initiation factor. Significantly more novel and diverse microbial types were isolated via in situ cultivation than by standard direct plating (SDP). We hypothesized that some of environmental microorganisms which resist cultivation are in a non-growing state and require growth initiation factors for the recovery and that these can be provided from the environment (in this study from marine sponge). According to the hypothesis, the effect of the sponge extract on recovery on agar medium was compared between strains derived from in situ and SDP cultivation. Adding small amounts of the sponge extracts to the medium elevated the colony-formation efficiencies of the in situ strains at the starvation recovery step, while it showed no positive effect on that of SDP strains. Conversely, specific growth rates or saturated cell densities of all tested strains were not positively affected. These results indicate that, (1) the sponge extract contains chemical compounds that facilitate recovery of non-growing microbes, (2) these substances worked on the in situ strains, and (3) growth initiation factor in the sponge extract did not continuously promote growth activity but worked as triggers for regrowth (resuscitation from non-growing state).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dawoon Jung
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Koshi Machida
- Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichi Nakao
- Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomonori Kindaichi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Ohashi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Aoi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
- Unit of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Jung D, Liu L, He S. Application of in situ cultivation in marine microbial resource mining. Mar Life Sci Technol 2021; 3:148-161. [PMID: 37073342 PMCID: PMC10077220 DOI: 10.1007/s42995-020-00063-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Microbial communities in marine habitats are regarded as underexplored reservoirs for discovering new natural products with potential application. However, only a few microbes in nature can be cultivated in the laboratory. This has led to the development of a variety of isolation and cultivation methods, and in situ cultivation is one of the most popular. Diverse in situ cultivation methods, with the same basic principle, have been applied to a variety of environmental samples. Compared with conventional approaches, these new methods are able to cultivate previously uncultured and phylogenetically novel microbes, many with biotechnological potential. This review introduces the various in situ cultivation methods for the isolation of previously uncultured microbial species and their potential for marine microbial resource mining. Furthermore, studies that investigated the key and previously unidentified mechanisms of growing uncultivated microorganisms by in situ cultivation, which will shed light on the understanding of microbial uncultivability, were also reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dawoon Jung
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315832 China
| | - Liwei Liu
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315832 China
| | - Shan He
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315832 China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Jung D, Liu B, He X, Owen JS, Liu L, Yuan Y, Zhang W, He S. Accessing previously uncultured marine microbial resources by a combination of alternative cultivation methods. Microb Biotechnol 2021; 14:1148-1158. [PMID: 33638935 PMCID: PMC8085940 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Few microbes can grow under laboratory conditions, highlighting the fact that the majority of microbes in environment are still uncultured and untapped resources. This study used alternative cultivation methods, diffusion chambers (DC), dilution-to-extinction culture (DTE) and modified agar preparation step (PS media) to cultivate previously uncultured marine bacterial species. These methods were applied to samples from a coastal intertidal zone, and the results were compared with those from standard direct plating (SDP) cultivation. Among the strains isolated with DC, DTE and PS media methods, 28%, 48% and 33% were novel species, respectively, while the SDP method resulted in the isolation of only 9% of novel species. Most isolates were unique to the method used for their cultivation. This implies that each method is selective in its own way, which is different from SDP, thus able to access species that are difficult to obtain using conventional approaches. Comparing the diversity showed that 75 genera were recovered by the alternative methods, 2.7 times higher than that of the SDP cultivation, which constituted 45% of total diversity from culture-independent sequencing. We conclude that combining alternative cultivation methods represents a highly promising key for accessing 'microbial dark matter'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dawoon Jung
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research CenterCollege of Food and Pharmaceutical SciencesNingbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Biyin Liu
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research CenterCollege of Food and Pharmaceutical SciencesNingbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Xiaoping He
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research CenterCollege of Food and Pharmaceutical SciencesNingbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Jeffrey S. Owen
- Department of Environmental ScienceHankuk University of Foreign StudiesYonginKorea
| | - Liwei Liu
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research CenterCollege of Food and Pharmaceutical SciencesNingbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Ye Yuan
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research CenterCollege of Food and Pharmaceutical SciencesNingbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Weiyan Zhang
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research CenterCollege of Food and Pharmaceutical SciencesNingbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Shan He
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research CenterCollege of Food and Pharmaceutical SciencesNingbo UniversityNingboChina
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Jung D, Kim J, Kim M, Won CW, Mun KR. Classifying the Risk of Cognitive Impairment Using Sequential Gait Characteristics and Long Short-Term Memory Networks. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2021; 25:4029-4040. [PMID: 33857005 DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2021.3073372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment in the elderly causes a significant decline in the quality of life and a substantial economic burden on society. Yet, diagnosing cognitive impairment is apt to be missed or delayed due to its assessment being laborious. This study aimed to propose a new approach of classifying the risk of cognitive impairment in the elderly using sequential gait characteristics and machine learning techniques. A total of 108 community-dwelling elderly individuals participated in this study. The participants were categorized into three groups based on their scores of the mini-mental state examination. Each participant completed both the usual- and fast-paced walking on the straight path with two gyroscopes on each foot. By analyzing the foot sagittal angular velocity signals, the temporal gait parameters were extracted from each gait cycle. Five classical machine learning models and a long short-term memory network were respectively employed to produce the classifiers that used the time-consecutive temporal gait parameters as predictors of cognitive impairment. Five-fold cross-validation was applied to 70% of the data in each group, and the remaining 30% were used as test data. An F1-score of 0.974 was achieved in classifying the three groups by the long short-term memory network-based classifier that used the double-limb support, stance, step, and stride times at usual-paced walking and the double- and single-limb support, stance, and stride times at fast-paced walking as inputs. The proposed approach would pave the way for earlier diagnosis of cognitive impairment in non-clinical settings without professional help, which can facilitate more timely intervention.
Collapse
|
41
|
Cheng Y, Zhu S, Guo C, Xie F, Jung D, Li S, Zhang W, He S. Microbulbifer hainanensis sp. nov., a moderately halopilic bacterium isolated from mangrove sediment. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2021; 114:1033-1042. [PMID: 33844121 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-021-01574-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new bacterium was successfully isolated from a mangrove sediment sample in Haikou City, Hainan Province, China. The organism is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile and strictly aerobic bacterium, named NBU-8HK146T. Strain NBU-8HK146T was able to grow at temperatures of 10-40 °C, at salinities of 0-11% (w/v) and at pH 5.5-9.5. Veoges-Proskauer, methyl red reaction and hydrolysis of Tween 20 were negative. Catalase and oxidase activities, H2S production, hydrolysis of starch, casein, Tweens 40, 60 and 80 were positive. The major cellular fatty acids were C16:0, iso-C15:0 and summed feature 9. The major respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-8 (Q-8). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and two unidentified glycolipids. According to 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, strain NBU-8HK146T shared 98.0%, 97.9%, 97.7%, 97.6% and 97.3% similarities to the species with validated name Microbulbifer taiwanensis CC-LN1-12T, Microbulbifer rhizosphaerae Cs16bT, Microbulbifer marinus Y215T, Microbulbifer donghaiensis CN85T and Microbulbifer aggregans CCB-MM1T, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that strain NBU-8HK146T formed a distinct lineage with strains Microbulbifer taiwanensis CC-LN1-12T and Microbulbifer marinus Y215T. Both digital DNA-DNA hybridization values (19.5-22.7%) and average nucleotide identity values (73.2-78.9%) between strain NBU-8HK146T and related species of genus Microbulbifer were below the species delineation cutoffs. The DNA G+C content was 58.9 mol%. Many proteins involving in the adaption of osmotic stress in the salt environment of mangrove were predicted in genome of strain NBU-8HK146T. From phenotypic, genotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain NBU-8HK146T can be regarded as a new Microbulbifer species for which the name Microbulbifer hainanensis. The type strain is NBU-8HK146T (= KCTC 82226T = MCCC 1K04737T).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Cheng
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Suting Zhu
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaobo Guo
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Feilu Xie
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawoon Jung
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiyan Zhang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shan He
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315800, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Uttinger MJ, Jung D, Dao N, Canziani H, Lübbert C, Vogel N, Peukert W, Harting J, Walter J. Probing sedimentation non-ideality of particulate systems using analytical centrifugation. Soft Matter 2021; 17:2803-2814. [PMID: 33554981 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01805h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Analytical centrifugation is a versatile technique for the quantitative characterization of colloidal systems including colloidal stability. The recent developments in data acquisition and evaluation allow the accurate determination of particle size, shape anisotropy and particle density. High precision analytical centrifugation is in particular suited for the study of particle interactions and concentration-dependent sedimentation coefficients. We present a holistic approach for the quantitative determination of sedimentation non-ideality via analytical centrifugation for polydisperse, plain and amino-functionalized silica particles spanning over one order of magnitude in particle size between 100 nm and 1200 nm. These systems typically behave as neutral hard spheres as predicted by auxiliary lattice Boltzmann simulations. The extent of electrostatic interactions and their impact on sedimentation non-ideality can be quantified by the repulsion range, which is the ratio of the Debye length and the average interparticle distance. Experimental access to the repulsion range is provided through conductivity measurements. With the experimental repulsion range at hand, we estimate the effect of polydispersity on concentration-dependent sedimentation properties through a combination of lattice Boltzmann and Brownian dynamics simulations. Finally, we determine the concentration-dependent sedimentation properties of charge-stabilized, fluorescently-labeled silica particles with a nominal particle size of 30 nm and reduced interparticle distance, hence an elevated repulsion range. Overall, our results demonstrate how the influence of hard-sphere type and electrostatic interactions can be quantified when probing sedimentation non-ideality of particulate systems using analytical centrifugation even for systems exhibiting moderate sample heterogeneity and complex interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Uttinger
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany. and Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Haberstraße 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - D Jung
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Fürther Straße 248, 90429 Nürnberg, Germany
| | - N Dao
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - H Canziani
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany. and Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Haberstraße 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - C Lübbert
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany. and Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Haberstraße 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - N Vogel
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany. and Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Haberstraße 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - W Peukert
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany. and Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Haberstraße 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - J Harting
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Fürther Straße 248, 90429 Nürnberg, Germany and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fürther Straße 248, 90429 Nürnberg, Germany
| | - J Walter
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany. and Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Haberstraße 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Jung D, Nguyen MD, Park M, Kim M, Won CW, Kim J, Mun KR. Walking-in-Place Characteristics-Based Geriatric Assessment Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2020; 2020:3931-3935. [PMID: 33018860 DOI: 10.1109/embc44109.2020.9176069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The world population is aging, and this phenomenon is expected to continue for the next decades. This study aimed to propose a simple and reliable method that can be used for daily in-home monitoring of frailty and cognitive dysfunction in the elderly based on their walking-in-place characteristics. Fifty-four community-dwelling elderly people aged 65 years or older participated in this study. The participants were categorized into the robust and the non-robust groups according to the FRAIL scale. The mini-mental state examination was used to classify the cognitive impairment and the non-cognitive impairment groups. The 3-axis acceleration and the 3-axis angular velocity signals were measured using the inertial measurement units attached to the foot, shank, thigh, and posterior pelvis while each participant was walking in place for 20 seconds. The walking-in-place spectrograms were acquired by applying time-frequency analysis to the lower body movement signals measured in one stride. Four-fold cross-validation was applied to 80% of the total samples and the remaining 20% were used as test data. The deep convolutional neural network-based classifiers trained with the walking-in-place spectrograms enabled to categorize the robust and the non-robust groups with 94.63% accuracy and classify the cognitive impairment and the non-cognitive impairment groups with 97.59% accuracy. This study suggests that the walking-in-place spectrograms, which can be obtained without spacious experimental space, cumbersome equipment, and laborious processes, are effective indicators of frailty and cognitive dysfunction in the elderly.
Collapse
|
44
|
Tamara Konetzka R, Jung D, Gorges R, Sanghavi P. Is Being Home Good for Your Health? Outcomes of Medicaid Home‐ and Community‐Based Long‐Term Care Relative to Nursing Home Care. Health Serv Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1475-6773.13354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - D. Jung
- The University of Chicago Chicago IL United States
| | - R. Gorges
- The University of Chicago Chicago IL United States
| | - P. Sanghavi
- The University of Chicago Chicago IL United States
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ahn H, Jung D, Choi HL. Deep Generative Models-Based Anomaly Detection for Spacecraft Control Systems. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:s20071991. [PMID: 32252421 PMCID: PMC7180941 DOI: 10.3390/s20071991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A spacecraft attitude control system provides mechanical and electrical control to achieve the required functions under various mission scenarios. Although generally designed to be highly reliable, mission failure can occur if anomalies occur and the attitude control system fails to properly orient and stabilize the spacecraft. Because accessing spacecraft to directly repair such problems is usually infeasible, developing a continuous condition monitoring model is necessary to detect anomalies and respond accordingly. In this study, a method for detecting anomalies and characterizing failures for spacecraft attitude control systems is proposed. Herein, features are extracted from multidimensional time-series data of a simulation of the attitude control system. Then, the artificial neural network learning algorithms based on two types of generation models are applied. A Bayesian optimization algorithm with a Gaussian process is used to optimize the hyperparameters for the neural network to improve the performance. The performance is evaluated based on the reconstruction error through the algorithm using the newly generated data not used for learning as input data. Results show that the detection performance depends on the operating characteristics of each submode in the operation scenarios and type of generation model. The diagnostic results are monitored to detect anomalies in operation modes and scenarios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyojung Ahn
- Korea Aerospace Research Institute, Daejeon 34133, Korea; (H.A.); (D.J.)
| | - Dawoon Jung
- Korea Aerospace Research Institute, Daejeon 34133, Korea; (H.A.); (D.J.)
| | - Han-Lim Choi
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 341141, Korea
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Jung D, Nguyen MD, Park M, Kim J, Mun KR. Multiple Classification of Gait Using Time-Frequency Representations and Deep Convolutional Neural Networks. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2020; 28:997-1005. [PMID: 32142445 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2020.2977049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Human gait has served as a useful barometer of health. Existing studies for automatic categorization of gait have been limited to a binary classification of pathological and non-pathological gait and provided low accuracy in multi-classification. This study aimed to propose a novel approach that can multi-classify gait with no visually discernible difference in characteristics. Sixty-nine participants without gait disturbance were recruited. Twenty-nine of the participants were semi-professional athletes, and 19 were ordinary people. The remaining 21 participants were people with subtle foot deformities. The 3-axis acceleration and the 3-axis angular velocity signals were measured using the inertial measurement units attached to the foot, shank, thigh, and posterior pelvis while walking. The gait spectrograms were acquired by applying time-frequency analyses to the lower body movement signals measured in one stride and used to train the deep convolutional neural network-based classifiers. Four-fold cross-validation was applied to 80% of the total samples and the remaining 20% were used as test data. The foot, shank, and thigh spectrograms enabled complete classification of the three groups even without requiring a sophisticated process for feature engineering. This is the first study that employed the spectrographic approach in gait classification and achieved reliable multi-classification of gait without observable differences in characteristics using the deep convolutional neural networks.
Collapse
|
47
|
Lee JK, Jung M, Yang JH, Song SY, Shin YS, Cha M, Jung D, Seo YJ. Repair versus nonrepair of medial meniscus posterior root tear: A systematic review of patients' selection criteria, including clinical and radiographic outcomes. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e19499. [PMID: 32150112 PMCID: PMC7478593 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000019499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The general consensus regarding a rational choice among various treatment strategies for medial meniscus posterior root tears (MMPRTs) has yet to be clearly established. The purpose of this systematic review was to analyze patient selection criteria based on index arthrosis, as well as clinical and radiological outcomes after repair or nonrepair treatment in patients with MMPRTs. METHODS A systematic electronic search was performed with established medical databases. Data from the selected studies which were assessed using the modified Coleman methodology score were analyzed in terms of index arthrosis and degree of lower limb alignment, functional and radiologic outcomes after meniscus repair, partial meniscectomy, and conservative treatment. RESULTS In total, 17 studies and 655 patients (665 cases) were enrolled in this study, of which 42% (279 cases) underwent MMPRT repair and 58% (386 cases) were treated using a nonrepair strategy. The mean age and the mean follow-up period were 54.7 years and 32.5 months in the repair group, respectively, and 57.0 years and 49.3 months in the nonrepair group, respectively. Based on the clinical data available in this study, most of the MMPRT repairs were performed in patients with mild arthrosis, mild varus alignment, and mild chondral injury. Although data were limited, the percentage of patients with mild chondral injury was only 40% in the nonrepair group, implying that the nonrepair group may have more advanced arthrosis at the baseline. Based on the available Lysholm score across the studies, good functional outcomes were obtained in the repair group, whereas the results of the nonrepair treatment exhibited fair functional outcomes that were somewhat heterogenous. The radiologic outcomes of the mean 5 years' follow-up study showed that arthritic change could not be prevented by either nonrepair or repair treatment. CONCLUSIONS In general, MMPRT repair led to significant improvement in clinical outcomes. On the contrary, the nonrepair group also showed symptomatic relief in some selected cases, despite the somewhat heterogenous results. Given the subgroup analysis for the functional results reported in this review, strict patient selection is important to obtain satisfactory clinical outcomes, regardless of the treatment option selected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Kyu Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine
| | - Min Jung
- Arthroscopy and Joint Research Institute, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Jae Hyuk Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hanyang University Guri Hospital
| | - Si Young Song
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Gyeonggi-do
| | - Young-Soo Shin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoungsoo Cha
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Gyeonggi-do
| | - Dawoon Jung
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Gyeonggi-do
| | - Young-Jin Seo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Gyeonggi-do
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Wolff J, Gary A, Jung D, Normann C, Kaier K, Binder H, Domschke K, Klimke A, Franz M. Predicting patient outcomes in psychiatric hospitals with routine data: a machine learning approach. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2020; 20:21. [PMID: 32028934 PMCID: PMC7006066 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-020-1042-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A common problem in machine learning applications is availability of data at the point of decision making. The aim of the present study was to use routine data readily available at admission to predict aspects relevant to the organization of psychiatric hospital care. A further aim was to compare the results of a machine learning approach with those obtained through a traditional method and those obtained through a naive baseline classifier. METHODS The study included consecutively discharged patients between 1st of January 2017 and 31st of December 2018 from nine psychiatric hospitals in Hesse, Germany. We compared the predictive performance achieved by stochastic gradient boosting (GBM) with multiple logistic regression and a naive baseline classifier. We tested the performance of our final models on unseen patients from another calendar year and from different hospitals. RESULTS The study included 45,388 inpatient episodes. The models' performance, as measured by the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve, varied strongly between the predicted outcomes, with relatively high performance in the prediction of coercive treatment (area under the curve: 0.83) and 1:1 observations (0.80) and relatively poor performance in the prediction of short length of stay (0.69) and non-response to treatment (0.65). The GBM performed slightly better than logistic regression. Both approaches were substantially better than a naive prediction based solely on basic diagnostic grouping. CONCLUSION The present study has shown that administrative routine data can be used to predict aspects relevant to the organisation of psychiatric hospital care. Future research should investigate the predictive performance that is necessary to provide effective assistance in clinical practice for the benefit of both staff and patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Wolff
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
- Department of Business Development, Evangelical Foundation Neuerkerode, Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - A Gary
- Department of Business Development, Forensic Commitment and Quality Management, Vitos GmbH, Kassel, Germany
| | - D Jung
- Vitos Hospital for Psychiatry und Psychotherapy, Kassel, Germany
| | - C Normann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - K Kaier
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisgau, Germany
| | - H Binder
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Breisgau, Germany
| | - K Domschke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - A Klimke
- Vitos Hochtaunus, Friedrichsdorf, Germany
- Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M Franz
- Vitos Hospital Giessen-Marburg, Giessen, Germany
- Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Jung D, Nguyen MD, Han J, Park M, Lee K, Yoo S, Kim J, Mun KR. Deep Neural Network-Based Gait Classification Using Wearable Inertial Sensor Data. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2020; 2019:3624-3628. [PMID: 31946661 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2019.8857872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Human gait has been regarded as a useful behavioral biometric trait for personal identification and authentication. This study aimed to propose an effective approach for classifying gait, measured using wearable inertial sensors, based on neural networks. The 3-axis accelerometer and 3-axis gyroscope data were acquired at the posterior pelvis, both thighs, both shanks, and both feet while 29 semi-professional athletes, 19 participants with normal foot, and 21 patients with foot deformities walked on the 20-meter straight path. The classifier based on the gait parameters and fully connected neural network was developed by applying 4-fold cross-validation to 80% of the total samples. For the test set that consisted of the remaining 20% of the total samples, this classifier showed an accuracy of 93.02% in categorizing the athlete, normal foot, and deformed foot groups. Using the same model validation and evaluation method, up to 98.19% accuracy was achieved from the convolutional neural network-based classifier. This classifier was trained with the gait spectrograms obtained from the time-frequency domain analysis of the raw acceleration and angular velocity data. The classification based only on the pelvic spectrograms exhibited an accuracy of 94.25% even without requiring a time-consuming and resource-intensive process for feature engineering. The notable performance and practicality in gait classification achieved by this study suggest potential applicability of the proposed approaches in the field of biometrics.
Collapse
|
50
|
Blackwell R, Jung D, Bukenberger M, Smith AS. The Impact of Rate Formulations on Stochastic Molecular Motor Dynamics. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18373. [PMID: 31804523 PMCID: PMC6895049 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54344-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells are complex structures which require considerable amounts of organization via transport of large intracellular cargo. While passive diffusion is often sufficiently fast for the transport of smaller cargo, active transport is necessary to organize large structures on the short timescales necessary for biological function. The main mechanism of this transport is by cargo attachment to motors which walk in a directed fashion along intracellular filaments. There are a number of models which seek to describe the motion of motors with attached cargo, from detailed microscopic to coarse phenomenological descriptions. We focus on the intermediate-detailed discrete stochastic hopping models, and explore how cargo transport changes depending on the number of motors, motor interaction, system constraints and rate formulations, which are derived from common thermodynamic assumptions. We find that, despite obeying the same detailed balance constraint, the choice of rate formulation considerably affects the characteristics of the overall motion of the system, with one rate formulation exhibiting novel behavior of loaded motor groups moving faster than a single unloaded motor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Blackwell
- PULS group, Physics Department and Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - D Jung
- PULS group, Physics Department and Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Bukenberger
- PULS group, Physics Department and Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - A-S Smith
- PULS group, Physics Department and Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstrasse 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany. .,Group for Computational Life Sciences, Division of Physical Chemistry, Insitut Rūder Bošković, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
| |
Collapse
|