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Espinoza SE, Orsak B, Wang CP, MacCarthy D, Kellogg D, Powers B, Conde A, Moris M, Padala PR, Padala KP. An Individualized Low-Intensity Walking Clinic Leads to Improvement in Frailty Characteristics in Older Veterans. J Frailty Aging 2019; 8:205-209. [PMID: 31637407 DOI: 10.14283/jfa.2019.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary lifestyle leads to worse health outcomes with aging, including frailty. Older adults can benefit from regular physical activity, but exercise promotion in the clinical setting is challenging. OBJECTIVES The objective of this clinical demonstration project was to implement a Geriatric Walking Clinic for older adults and determine whether this clinical program can lead to improvements in characteristics of frailty. DESIGN This was a clinical demonstration project/quality improvement project. SETTING Outpatient geriatrics clinic at the South Texas Veterans Health Care System (STVHCS). PARTICIPANTS Older Veterans, aged ≥60 years. INTERVENTION A 6-week structured walking program, delivered by a registered nurse and geriatrician. Patients received a pedometer and a comprehensive safety evaluation at an initial face-to-face visit. They were subsequently followed with weekly phone calls and participated in a final face-to-face follow-up visit at 6 weeks. MEASUREMENTS Grip strength (handheld dynamometer), gait speed (10-ft walk), Timed Up and Go (TUG), and body mass index (BMI) were assessed at baseline and follow-up. Frailty status for gait speed was assessed using Fried criteria. RESULTS One hundred eighty five patients completed the program (mean age: 68.4 ±7 years, 88% male). Improvements from baseline to follow-up were observed in average steps/day, gait speed, TUG, and BMI. Improvement in gait speed (1.13 ±0.20 vs. 1.24 ± 0.23 meter/second, p<0.0001) resulted in reduced odds of meeting frailty criteria for slow gait at follow-up compared to the baseline examination (odds ratio = 0.31, 95% confidence interval: 0.13-0.72, p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that a short duration, low-intensity walking intervention improves gait speed and TUG. This new clinical model may be useful for the promotion of physical activity, and for the prevention or amelioration of frailty characteristics in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Espinoza
- Sara Espinoza, MD, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, Mail Code 7875, San Antonio, TX 78223, Telephone: 210-617-5197, E-mail: , FAX: 210-949-3060
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Bantia S, Zhang J, Wilson R, Parker CD, Kellogg D, Kotian P, Babu Y. BCX-4161, a Small Molecule and Orally Bioavailable Plasma Kallikrein Inhibitor for the Treatment of Hereditary Angioedema. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.12.1425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Zhang J, Kellogg D, Wilson R, Harman L, Bantia S, Babu Y. A Simple, Sensitive and Selective Fluorogenic Assay to Monitor Kallikrein Activity in Activated Plasma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.12.1419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Bantia S, Kellogg D, Parker C, Upshaw R, Ilyushina NA, Babu YS. A single intramuscular injection of neuraminidase inhibitor peramivir demonstrates antiviral activity against novel pandemic A/California/04/2009 (H1N1) influenza virus infection in mice. Antiviral Res 2011; 90:17-21. [PMID: 21316393 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2011.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2010] [Revised: 01/24/2011] [Accepted: 02/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
New and emerging influenza virus strains, such as the pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus require constant vigilance for antiviral drug sensitivity and resistance. Efficacy of intramuscularly (IM) administered neuraminidase (NA) inhibitor, peramivir, was evaluated in mice infected with recently isolated pandemic A/California/04/2009 (H1N1, swine origin, mouse adapted) influenza virus. A single IM injection of peramivir (four dose groups), given 1h prior to inoculation, significantly reduced weight loss (p < 0.001) and mortality (p < 0.05) in mice infected with LD90 dose of pandemic A/California/04/2009 (H1N1) influenza virus compared to vehicle group. There was 20% survival in the vehicle-treated group, whereas in the peramivir-treated groups, survival increased in a dose-dependent manner with 60, 60, 90 and 100% survivors for the 1, 3, 10, and 30 mg/kg doses, respectively. Weight loss on day 4 in the vehicle-treated group was 3.4 gm, and in the peramivir-treated groups was 2.1, 1.5, 1.8 and 1.8 g for the 1, 3, 10 and 30 mg/kg dose groups, respectively. In the treatment model, peramivir given 24h after infection as a single IM injection at 50mg/kg dose, showed significant protection against lethality and weight loss. There was 13% survival in the vehicle-treated group while in the peramivir-treated group at 24, 48, and 72 h post infection, survival was 100, 40, and 50%, respectively. Survival in the oseltamivir groups (10 mg/kg/d twice a day, orally for 5 days) was 90, 30 and 20% at 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. These data demonstrate efficacy of parenterally administered peramivir against the recently isolated pandemic influenza virus in murine infection models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanta Bantia
- BioCryst Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 2190 Parkway Lake Drive, Birmingham, AL 35244, USA.
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Bantia S, Kellogg D, Parker CD, Babu YS. Combination of peramivir and rimantadine demonstrate synergistic antiviral effects in sub-lethal influenza A (H3N2) virus mouse model. Antiviral Res 2010; 88:276-80. [PMID: 20943201 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2010.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2010] [Revised: 09/14/2010] [Accepted: 09/21/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Efficacy of combination of the intramuscularly administered neuraminidase (NA) inhibitor, peramivir, and the orally administered M2 ion channel blocker, rimantadine was evaluated in mouse influenza A/Victoria/3/75 (H3N2) model. Mice were challenged with a sub-lethal virus dose (0-40% mortality in placebo group) and changes in body weights were analyzed by three-dimensional effect analysis to assess mode of drug interactions. Compounds were administered in a 5-day treatment course starting 1h before viral inoculation. The peramivir and rimantadine doses ranged from 0.3-3 mg/kg/d and 5-30 mg/kg/d, respectively. The maximum mean weight loss of 5.19 g was observed in the vehicle-infected group on day 10. In the 1 and 3 mg/kg/d peramivir monotherapy groups, the weight losses were 4.3 and 3.55 g, respectively. In the rimantadine monotherapy group, the weight losses were 3.43, 2.1, and 1.64 g for the 5, 10, and 30 mg/kg/d groups, respectively. Combination of 1mg/kg/d peramivir with 5 and 10 mg/kg/d rimantadine produced weight losses of 1.69 and 0.69 (p<0.05 vs. vehicle and individual agent), respectively, whereas the combination of 3.0 mg/kg/d peramivir with 10 and 30 mg/kg/d rimantadine did not show any weight loss (p<0.05 vs. vehicle and individual agent). The three-dimensional analysis of the weight loss for the majority of the drug combinations of peramivir and rimantadine tested demonstrated synergistic antiviral effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanta Bantia
- Department of Biological Sciences, BioCryst Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Birmingham, AL 35244, USA.
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Bantia S, Kellogg D, Parker C, Upshaw R, Ilyushina N, Prichard M, Babu Y. A Single Intramuscular Injection of Peramivir Demonstrates Anti-influenza Activity Against Recently Isolated Pandemic Flu Virus H1N1 (A/CA/04/2009). Antiviral Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2010.02.361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Bantia S, Kellogg D, Parker C, Luo Y, Babu Y. Combination of Peramivir and Rimantadine Demonstrate Synergistic Interaction in Influenza a Mouse Model. Antiviral Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2010.02.360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Caldwell J, Kellogg D, Isakson L, Watkins S, Reich A, Foss A, Sleasman J. Lyngbyatoxin A, A Cyanobacteria Dervived Aquatic Toxin, Induces Expression Of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines Including Il-4 And Il-5 By Human PBMC. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.12.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abstract
Forty percent of nondemented octogenarians have Braak stages consistent with insular involvement, and may be at risk for "age-related" autonomic dysfunction. The authors examined the association between insular resting cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and cardiovascular functions in 29 nondemented elderly subjects who were highly screened to exclude comorbid cardiovascular disease. Mean insular rCBF was significantly higher on the right than left. However, 35.4% of participants had left dominant rCBF (a high-risk group). Right insular rCBF was significantly lower in the high-risk group. This subset had significantly increased positional drops in systolic blood pressure. While these data cannot address Alzheimer's disease as the specific cause, this possibility is being investigated in other cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- DR Royall
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, and the South Texas Veterans Health Administration Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78284-7792,Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, and the South Texas Veterans Health Administration Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78284-7792,Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, and the South Texas Veterans Health Administration Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78284-7792
| | - JH Gao
- Department of Radiology, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, and the South Texas Veterans Health Administration Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78284-7792
| | - X Zhao
- Department of Radiology, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, and the South Texas Veterans Health Administration Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78284-7792
| | - MJ Polk
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, and the South Texas Veterans Health Administration Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78284-7792
| | - D Kellogg
- Department of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, and the South Texas Veterans Health Administration Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78284-7792
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Abstract
In budding yeast, the Clb2 mitotic cyclin initiates a signaling network that negatively regulates polar bud growth during mitosis. This signaling network appears to require the function of a Clb2-binding protein called Nap1, the Cdc42 GTPase, and two protein kinases called Gin4 and Cla4. In this study, we demonstrate that the Elm1 kinase also plays a role in the control of bud growth during mitosis. Cells carrying a deletion of the ELM1 gene undergo a prolonged mitotic delay, fail to negatively regulate polar bud growth during mitosis, and show defects in septin organization. In addition, Elm1 is required in vivo for the proper regulation of both the Cla4 and Gin4 kinases and interacts genetically with Cla4, Gin4, and the mitotic cyclins. Previous studies have suggested that Elm1 may function to negatively regulate the Swe1 kinase. To further understand the functional relationship between Elm1 and Swe1, we have characterized the phenotype of Deltaelm1 Deltaswe1 cells. We found that Deltaelm1 Deltaswe1 cells are inviable at 37 degrees C and that a large proportion of Deltaelm1 Deltaswe1 cells grown at 30 degrees C contain multiple nuclei, suggesting severe defects in cytokinesis. In addition, we found that Elm1 is required for the normal hyperphosphorylation of Swe1 during mitosis. We propose a model in which the Elm1 kinase functions in a mitotic signaling network that controls events required for normal bud growth and cytokinesis, while the Swe1 kinase functions in a checkpoint pathway that delays nuclear division in response to defects in these events.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sreenivasan
- Sinsheimer Laboratories, Department of Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
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Abstract
Septins are a family of conserved proteins that have been implicated in a variety of cellular functions involving specialized regions of the cell cortex and changes in cell shape. The biochemistry and localization of septins suggest that they form a novel cytoskeletal system or that they function as scaffolds for the assembly of signalling complexes. This article discusses septin biochemistry and septin-interacting proteins, focusing on the missing link between the structure and biochemical properties of septin proteins, and on how they function at a molecular level in processes such as cytokinesis and yeast budding.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Field
- Dept of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Carroll CW, Altman R, Schieltz D, Yates JR, Kellogg D. The septins are required for the mitosis-specific activation of the Gin4 kinase. J Cell Biol 1998; 143:709-17. [PMID: 9813092 PMCID: PMC2148151 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.143.3.709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/1998] [Revised: 08/28/1998] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In budding yeast, a protein kinase called Gin4 is specifically activated during mitosis and functions in a pathway initiated by the Clb2 cyclin to control bud growth. We have used genetics and biochemistry to identify additional proteins that function with Gin4 in this pathway, and both of these approaches have identified members of the septin family. Loss of septin function produces a phenotype that is very similar to the phenotype caused by loss of Gin4 function, and the septins are required early in mitosis to activate Gin4 kinase activity. Furthermore, septin mutants display a prolonged mitotic delay at the short spindle stage, consistent with a role for the septins in the control of mitotic events. Members of the septin family bind directly to Gin4, demonstrating that the functions of Gin4 and the septins must be closely linked within the cell. These results demonstrate that the septins in budding yeast play an integral role in the mitosis-specific regulation of the Gin4 kinase and that they carry out functions early in mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C W Carroll
- Department of Biology, Sinsheimer Laboratories, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases induce and coordinate the events of the cell cycle, although the mechanisms by which they do so remain largely unknown. In budding yeast, a pathway used by the Clb2 cyclin to control bud growth during mitosis provides a good model system in which to understand how cyclin-dependent kinases control cell-cycle events. In this pathway, Clb2 initiates a series of events that lead to the mitosis-specific activation of the Gin4 protein kinase. A protein called Nap1 is required in vivo for the activation of Gin4, and is able to bind to both Gin4 and Clb2. We have used a simple genetic screen to identify additional proteins that function in this pathway. RESULTS We have found that the Cdc42 GTPase and a member of the PAK kinase family called Cla4 both function in the pathway used by Clb2 to control bud growth during mitosis. Cdc42 and Cla4 interact genetically with Gin4 and Nap1, and both are required in vivo for the mitosis-specific activation of the Gin4 kinase. Furthermore, Cla4 undergoes a dramatic hyperphosphorylation in response to the combined activity of Nap1, the Clb2-Cdc28 kinase complex, and the GTP-bound form of Cdc42. Evidence is presented which suggests that the hyperphosphorylated form of Cla4 is responsible for relaying the signal to activate Gin4. CONCLUSIONS Previous studies have suggested that cyclin-dependent kinases control the cell cycle by directly phosphorylating proteins involved in specific events, such as nuclear lamins, microtubule-associated proteins and histones. In contrast, our results demonstrate that the Clb2-Cdc28 cyclin-dependent kinase complex controls specific cell-cycle events through a pathway that involves a GTPase and at least two different kinases. This suggests that cyclin-dependent kinases may control many cell-cycle events through GTPase-linked signaling pathways that resemble the intricate signaling pathways known to control many other cellular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Tjandra
- Sinsheimer Laboratories, Department of Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz 95064, USA
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Abstract
Little is known about the pathways used by cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases to induce the events of the cell cycle. In budding yeast, a protein called Nap1 binds to the mitotic cyclin Clb2, and Nap1 is required for the ability of Clb2 to induce specific mitotic events, but the role played by Nap1 is unclear. We have used genetic and biochemical approaches to identify additional proteins that function with Nap1 in the control of mitotic events. These approaches have both identified a protein kinase called Gin4 that is required for the ability of Clb2 and Nap1 to promote the switch from polar to isotropic bud growth that normally occurs during mitosis. Gin4 is also required for the ability of Clb2 and Nap1 to promote normal progression through mitosis. The Gin4 protein becomes phosphorylated as cells enter mitosis, resulting in the activation of Gin4 kinase activity, and the phosphorylation of Gin4 is dependent upon Nap1 and Clb2 in vivo. Affinity chromatography experiments demonstrate that Gin4 binds tightly to Nap1, indicating that the functions of these two proteins are closely tied within the cell. These results demonstrate that the activation of Gin4 is under the control of Clb2 and Nap1, and they provide an important step towards elucidating the molecular pathways that link cyclin-dependent kinases to the events they control.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Altman
- Sinsheimer Laboratories, Department of Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
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Mukhamedova N, Rybalkin I, Vlasik T, Chenchik A, Kellogg D, Chen S, Siebert P. Hot start in the polymerase chain reaction brought about by the use of Taq polymerase-inhibiting anti-bodies. Atherosclerosis 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9150(94)93444-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kwok S, Kellogg D, Ehrlich G, Poiesz B, Bhagavati S, Sninsky JJ. Characterization of a sequence of human T cell leukemia virus type I from a patient with chronic progressive myelopathy. J Infect Dis 1988; 158:1193-7. [PMID: 3198935 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/158.6.1193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of individuals with chronic progressive myelopathy (CPM) were extensively analyzed for the presence of human T cell leukemia virus (HTLV) type I-like sequences by using the polymerase chain reaction. The DNA samples were amplified with oligonucleotides from three separate regions of HTLV viral genomes. A portion of the amplified viral genome from a representative patient was sequenced after molecular cloning into bacteriophage M13. Sequence data indicate that HTLV type I and not a related virus is associated with CPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kwok
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Cetus Corporation, Emeryville, California 94608
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Drubin D, Kobayashi S, Kellogg D, Kirschner M. Regulation of microtubule protein levels during cellular morphogenesis in nerve growth factor-treated PC12 cells. J Cell Biol 1988; 106:1583-91. [PMID: 3131347 PMCID: PMC2115058 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.106.5.1583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Nerve growth factor induces neurite process formation in pheochromacytoma (PC12) cells and causes the parallel increase in levels of the microtubule-associated proteins, tau and MAP1, as well as increases in tubulin levels. Mechanisms to insure balanced accumulation of microtubule proteins and make their levels highly responsive to nerve growth factor were investigated. The effects on tau, MAP1, and tubulin are due to changes in protein synthesis rates, which for tau and tubulin we could show are due in part to changes in the mRNA levels. Whereas tubulin shows feedback regulation to modulate synthesis up or down, tau protein synthesis is not affected in a straightforward way by microtubule polymerization and depolymerization. The degradation of tau, MAP1, and both tubulin polypeptides, however, are stimulated by microtubule depolymerization caused by colchicine, or nerve growth factor removal. Combined feedback on synthesis and stability make tubulin levels highly responsive to assembly states. In addition, the linkage of tau and MAP1 turnover with the state of microtubule polymerization amplifies any change in their rate of synthesis, since tau and MAP1 promote microtubule polymerization. This linkage lends itself to rapid changes in the state of the system in response to nerve growth factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Drubin
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0448
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Nirenberg M, Caskey T, Marshall R, Brimacombe R, Kellogg D, Doctor B, Hatfield D, Levin J, Rottman F, Pestka S, Wilcox M, Anderson F. The RNA code and protein synthesis. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 1966; 31:11-24. [PMID: 5237186 DOI: 10.1101/sqb.1966.031.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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