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Hindricks G, Doshi R, Defaye P, Exner DV, Reddy VY, Knops RE, Canby R, Shoda M, Bongiorni MG, Neužil P, Callahan T, Sundaram S, Badie N, Ip JE. Six-month Electrical Performance of the First Dual-Chamber Leadless Pacemaker. Heart Rhythm 2024:S1547-5271(24)02525-6. [PMID: 38697271 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2024.04.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The first dual-chamber leadless pacemaker (DC-LP) system consists of two separate atrial and ventricular devices that communicate to maintain synchronous atrioventricular pacing and sensing. The initial safety and efficacy were previously reported. OBJECTIVE Evaluate the chronic electrical performance of the DC-LP system. METHODS Patients meeting standard dual-chamber pacing indications were enrolled and implanted with the DC-LP system (Aveir DR, Abbott), including right atrial and ventricular helix-fixation LPs (ALP, VLP). Pacing capture threshold, sensed amplitude, and pacing impedance were collected using the device programmer at prespecified time points from 0-6 months post-implant. RESULTS De novo devices were successfully implanted in 381 patients with complete 6M data (62% male; age 69±14 years; weight 82±20 kg; 65% sinus node dysfunction, 30% AV block). ALPs were implanted predominantly in the right atrial appendage anterior base; VLPs primarily at the mid-to-apical right ventricular septum. From implant to 1 month, pacing capture thresholds (0.4 ms pulse width) improved in both ALPs (2.4±1.5 to 0.8±0.8 V, P<0.001) and VLPs (0.8±0.6 to 0.6±0.4 V, P<0.001). Sensed amplitudes improved in both ALPs (1.8±1.3 to 3.4±1.9 mV, P<0.001) and VLPs (8.8±4.0 to 11.7±4.2 mV, P<0.001). Impedances were stable in ALPs (334±68 to 329±52 Ω, P=0.17) and reduced in VLPs (789±351 to 646±190 Ω, P<0.001). Electrical measurements remained relatively stable from 1-6 months post-implant. No differences in electrical metrics were observed among ALP or VLP implant locations. CONCLUSION This first in-human evaluation of the new dual-chamber leadless pacemaker system demonstrated reliable electrical performance throughout the initial 6-month evaluation period.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rahul Doshi
- HonorHealth Cardiac Arrhythmia Group, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Pascal Defaye
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Vivek Y Reddy
- Mount Sinai Fuster Heart Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Robert Canby
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Morio Shoda
- Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - James E Ip
- Weill Cornell Medicine/ New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA.
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Nair DG, Exner DV, Reddy VY, Badie N, Ligon D, Miller MA, Lee B, Doty B, Thomaides A, Eldadah Z, Islam M, Hadadi C. Early real-world implant experience with a helix-fixation ventricular leadless pacemaker. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2024:10.1007/s10840-024-01791-1. [PMID: 38509402 DOI: 10.1007/s10840-024-01791-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Roughly one in six patients receiving conventional transvenous pacemaker systems experience significant complications within 1 year of implant, mainly due to the transvenous lead and subcutaneous pocket. A new helix-fixation single-chamber ventricular leadless pacemaker (LP) system capable of pre-deployment exploratory electrical mapping is commercially available. Such an LP may mitigate complications while streamlining the implantation. In this study, the initial real-world implant experience of the helix-fixation LP was evaluated following its commercial release. METHODS In patients indicated for single-chamber right ventricular pacing, helix-fixation Aveir VR LPs (Abbott, Abbott Park, IL) were implanted using the dedicated loading tool, introducer, and delivery catheter. Implant procedural characteristics, electrical parameters, and any 30-day procedure-related adverse events of consecutive implant attempts were retrospectively evaluated. RESULTS A total of 167 patients with Class I indication for permanent pacing received implants in four North American centers (57% male, 70 years old). Pre-fixation electrical mapping of potential sites allowed repositioning to be avoided in 95.7% of patients. Median [interquartile range] LP procedure and fluoroscopy durations were 25.5 min [20.0, 35.0] and 5.7 min [4.0, 9.2], respectively. Pacing capture threshold, sensed R-wave amplitude, and impedance were 0.8 V [0.5, 1.3], 9.0 mV [6.0, 12.0], and 705 Ω [550, 910], respectively. Implantation was successful in 98.8% of patients, with 98.2% free from acute adverse events. CONCLUSIONS The initial, real-world experience of the helix-fixation ventricular leadless pacemaker demonstrated safe and efficient implantation with minimal repositioning, viable electrical metrics, and limited acute complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devi G Nair
- Bernards Healthcare, Jonesboro, AR, USA.
- Arrhythmia Research Group, Jonesboro, AR, USA.
| | | | - Vivek Y Reddy
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Marc A Miller
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Athanasios Thomaides
- MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Zayd Eldadah
- MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Malick Islam
- MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Cyrus Hadadi
- MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
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Sapp JL, Sivakumaran S, Redpath CJ, Khan H, Parkash R, Exner DV, Healey JS, Thibault B, Sterns LD, Lam NHN, Manlucu J, Mokhtar A, Sumner G, McKinlay S, Kimber S, Mondesert B, Talajic M, Rouleau J, McCarron CE, Wells G, Tang ASL. Long-Term Outcomes of Resynchronization-Defibrillation for Heart Failure. N Engl J Med 2024; 390:212-220. [PMID: 38231622 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2304542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Resynchronization-Defibrillation for Ambulatory Heart Failure Trial (RAFT) showed a greater benefit with respect to mortality at 5 years among patients who received cardiac-resynchronization therapy (CRT) than among those who received implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs). However, the effect of CRT on long-term survival is not known. METHODS We randomly assigned patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II or III heart failure, a left ventricular ejection fraction of 30% or less, and an intrinsic QRS duration of 120 msec or more (or a paced QRS duration of 200 msec or more) to receive either an ICD alone or a CRT defibrillator (CRT-D). We assessed long-term outcomes among patients at the eight highest-enrolling participating sites. The primary outcome was death from any cause; the secondary outcome was a composite of death from any cause, heart transplantation, or implantation of a ventricular assist device. RESULTS The trial enrolled 1798 patients, of whom 1050 were included in the long-term survival trial; the median duration of follow-up for the 1050 patients was 7.7 years (interquartile range, 3.9 to 12.8), and the median duration of follow-up for those who survived was 13.9 years (interquartile range, 12.8 to 15.7). Death occurred in 405 of 530 patients (76.4%) assigned to the ICD group and in 370 of 520 patients (71.2%) assigned to the CRT-D group. The time until death appeared to be longer for those assigned to receive a CRT-D than for those assigned to receive an ICD (acceleration factor, 0.80; 95% confidence interval, 0.69 to 0.92; P = 0.002). A secondary-outcome event occurred in 412 patients (77.7%) in the ICD group and in 392 (75.4%) in the CRT-D group. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with a reduced ejection fraction, a widened QRS complex, and NYHA class II or III heart failure, the survival benefit associated with receipt of a CRT-D as compared with ICD appeared to be sustained during a median of nearly 14 years of follow-up. (RAFT ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00251251.).
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Sapp
- From QEII Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS (J.L.S., R.P.), the Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (S.S., S.K.), the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa (C.J.R., N.H.N.L., G.W.), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON (H.K., J.M., C.E.M., A.S.L.T.), Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB (D.V.E., G.S.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (J.S.H.), Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (B.T., B.M., M.T., J.R.), Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, BC (L.D.S.), and the University of Toronto, Toronto (S.M.) - all in Canada; and King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (A.M.)
| | - Soori Sivakumaran
- From QEII Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS (J.L.S., R.P.), the Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (S.S., S.K.), the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa (C.J.R., N.H.N.L., G.W.), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON (H.K., J.M., C.E.M., A.S.L.T.), Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB (D.V.E., G.S.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (J.S.H.), Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (B.T., B.M., M.T., J.R.), Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, BC (L.D.S.), and the University of Toronto, Toronto (S.M.) - all in Canada; and King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (A.M.)
| | - Calum J Redpath
- From QEII Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS (J.L.S., R.P.), the Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (S.S., S.K.), the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa (C.J.R., N.H.N.L., G.W.), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON (H.K., J.M., C.E.M., A.S.L.T.), Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB (D.V.E., G.S.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (J.S.H.), Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (B.T., B.M., M.T., J.R.), Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, BC (L.D.S.), and the University of Toronto, Toronto (S.M.) - all in Canada; and King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (A.M.)
| | - Habib Khan
- From QEII Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS (J.L.S., R.P.), the Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (S.S., S.K.), the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa (C.J.R., N.H.N.L., G.W.), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON (H.K., J.M., C.E.M., A.S.L.T.), Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB (D.V.E., G.S.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (J.S.H.), Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (B.T., B.M., M.T., J.R.), Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, BC (L.D.S.), and the University of Toronto, Toronto (S.M.) - all in Canada; and King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (A.M.)
| | - Ratika Parkash
- From QEII Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS (J.L.S., R.P.), the Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (S.S., S.K.), the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa (C.J.R., N.H.N.L., G.W.), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON (H.K., J.M., C.E.M., A.S.L.T.), Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB (D.V.E., G.S.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (J.S.H.), Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (B.T., B.M., M.T., J.R.), Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, BC (L.D.S.), and the University of Toronto, Toronto (S.M.) - all in Canada; and King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (A.M.)
| | - Derek V Exner
- From QEII Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS (J.L.S., R.P.), the Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (S.S., S.K.), the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa (C.J.R., N.H.N.L., G.W.), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON (H.K., J.M., C.E.M., A.S.L.T.), Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB (D.V.E., G.S.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (J.S.H.), Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (B.T., B.M., M.T., J.R.), Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, BC (L.D.S.), and the University of Toronto, Toronto (S.M.) - all in Canada; and King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (A.M.)
| | - Jeff S Healey
- From QEII Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS (J.L.S., R.P.), the Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (S.S., S.K.), the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa (C.J.R., N.H.N.L., G.W.), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON (H.K., J.M., C.E.M., A.S.L.T.), Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB (D.V.E., G.S.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (J.S.H.), Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (B.T., B.M., M.T., J.R.), Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, BC (L.D.S.), and the University of Toronto, Toronto (S.M.) - all in Canada; and King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (A.M.)
| | - Bernard Thibault
- From QEII Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS (J.L.S., R.P.), the Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (S.S., S.K.), the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa (C.J.R., N.H.N.L., G.W.), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON (H.K., J.M., C.E.M., A.S.L.T.), Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB (D.V.E., G.S.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (J.S.H.), Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (B.T., B.M., M.T., J.R.), Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, BC (L.D.S.), and the University of Toronto, Toronto (S.M.) - all in Canada; and King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (A.M.)
| | - Laurence D Sterns
- From QEII Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS (J.L.S., R.P.), the Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (S.S., S.K.), the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa (C.J.R., N.H.N.L., G.W.), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON (H.K., J.M., C.E.M., A.S.L.T.), Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB (D.V.E., G.S.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (J.S.H.), Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (B.T., B.M., M.T., J.R.), Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, BC (L.D.S.), and the University of Toronto, Toronto (S.M.) - all in Canada; and King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (A.M.)
| | - Nhat Hung N Lam
- From QEII Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS (J.L.S., R.P.), the Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (S.S., S.K.), the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa (C.J.R., N.H.N.L., G.W.), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON (H.K., J.M., C.E.M., A.S.L.T.), Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB (D.V.E., G.S.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (J.S.H.), Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (B.T., B.M., M.T., J.R.), Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, BC (L.D.S.), and the University of Toronto, Toronto (S.M.) - all in Canada; and King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (A.M.)
| | - Jaimie Manlucu
- From QEII Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS (J.L.S., R.P.), the Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (S.S., S.K.), the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa (C.J.R., N.H.N.L., G.W.), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON (H.K., J.M., C.E.M., A.S.L.T.), Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB (D.V.E., G.S.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (J.S.H.), Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (B.T., B.M., M.T., J.R.), Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, BC (L.D.S.), and the University of Toronto, Toronto (S.M.) - all in Canada; and King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (A.M.)
| | - Ahmed Mokhtar
- From QEII Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS (J.L.S., R.P.), the Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (S.S., S.K.), the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa (C.J.R., N.H.N.L., G.W.), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON (H.K., J.M., C.E.M., A.S.L.T.), Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB (D.V.E., G.S.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (J.S.H.), Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (B.T., B.M., M.T., J.R.), Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, BC (L.D.S.), and the University of Toronto, Toronto (S.M.) - all in Canada; and King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (A.M.)
| | - Glen Sumner
- From QEII Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS (J.L.S., R.P.), the Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (S.S., S.K.), the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa (C.J.R., N.H.N.L., G.W.), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON (H.K., J.M., C.E.M., A.S.L.T.), Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB (D.V.E., G.S.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (J.S.H.), Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (B.T., B.M., M.T., J.R.), Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, BC (L.D.S.), and the University of Toronto, Toronto (S.M.) - all in Canada; and King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (A.M.)
| | - Stuart McKinlay
- From QEII Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS (J.L.S., R.P.), the Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (S.S., S.K.), the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa (C.J.R., N.H.N.L., G.W.), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON (H.K., J.M., C.E.M., A.S.L.T.), Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB (D.V.E., G.S.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (J.S.H.), Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (B.T., B.M., M.T., J.R.), Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, BC (L.D.S.), and the University of Toronto, Toronto (S.M.) - all in Canada; and King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (A.M.)
| | - Shane Kimber
- From QEII Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS (J.L.S., R.P.), the Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (S.S., S.K.), the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa (C.J.R., N.H.N.L., G.W.), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON (H.K., J.M., C.E.M., A.S.L.T.), Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB (D.V.E., G.S.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (J.S.H.), Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (B.T., B.M., M.T., J.R.), Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, BC (L.D.S.), and the University of Toronto, Toronto (S.M.) - all in Canada; and King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (A.M.)
| | - Blandine Mondesert
- From QEII Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS (J.L.S., R.P.), the Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (S.S., S.K.), the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa (C.J.R., N.H.N.L., G.W.), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON (H.K., J.M., C.E.M., A.S.L.T.), Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB (D.V.E., G.S.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (J.S.H.), Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (B.T., B.M., M.T., J.R.), Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, BC (L.D.S.), and the University of Toronto, Toronto (S.M.) - all in Canada; and King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (A.M.)
| | - Mario Talajic
- From QEII Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS (J.L.S., R.P.), the Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (S.S., S.K.), the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa (C.J.R., N.H.N.L., G.W.), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON (H.K., J.M., C.E.M., A.S.L.T.), Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB (D.V.E., G.S.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (J.S.H.), Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (B.T., B.M., M.T., J.R.), Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, BC (L.D.S.), and the University of Toronto, Toronto (S.M.) - all in Canada; and King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (A.M.)
| | - Jean Rouleau
- From QEII Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS (J.L.S., R.P.), the Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (S.S., S.K.), the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa (C.J.R., N.H.N.L., G.W.), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON (H.K., J.M., C.E.M., A.S.L.T.), Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB (D.V.E., G.S.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (J.S.H.), Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (B.T., B.M., M.T., J.R.), Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, BC (L.D.S.), and the University of Toronto, Toronto (S.M.) - all in Canada; and King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (A.M.)
| | - C Elizabeth McCarron
- From QEII Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS (J.L.S., R.P.), the Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (S.S., S.K.), the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa (C.J.R., N.H.N.L., G.W.), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON (H.K., J.M., C.E.M., A.S.L.T.), Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB (D.V.E., G.S.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (J.S.H.), Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (B.T., B.M., M.T., J.R.), Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, BC (L.D.S.), and the University of Toronto, Toronto (S.M.) - all in Canada; and King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (A.M.)
| | - George Wells
- From QEII Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS (J.L.S., R.P.), the Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (S.S., S.K.), the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa (C.J.R., N.H.N.L., G.W.), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON (H.K., J.M., C.E.M., A.S.L.T.), Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB (D.V.E., G.S.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (J.S.H.), Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (B.T., B.M., M.T., J.R.), Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, BC (L.D.S.), and the University of Toronto, Toronto (S.M.) - all in Canada; and King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (A.M.)
| | - Anthony S L Tang
- From QEII Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS (J.L.S., R.P.), the Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton (S.S., S.K.), the University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa (C.J.R., N.H.N.L., G.W.), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON (H.K., J.M., C.E.M., A.S.L.T.), Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, AB (D.V.E., G.S.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON (J.S.H.), Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal (B.T., B.M., M.T., J.R.), Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, BC (L.D.S.), and the University of Toronto, Toronto (S.M.) - all in Canada; and King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (A.M.)
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4
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Rennert-May E, Chew D, Cannon K, Zhang Z, Smith S, King T, Exner DV, Larios OE, Leal J. The economic burden of cardiac implantable electronic device infections in Alberta, Canada: a population-based study using validated administrative data. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2023; 12:140. [PMID: 38053198 PMCID: PMC10698885 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-023-01347-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) are being inserted with increasing frequency. Severe surgical site infections (SSI) that occur after device implantation substantially impact patient morbidity and mortality and can result in multiple hospital admissions and repeat surgeries. It is important to understand the costs associated with these infections as well as healthcare utilization. Therefore, we conducted a population-based study in the province of Alberta, Canada to understand the economic burden of these infections. METHODS A cohort of adult patients in Alberta who had CIEDs inserted or generators replaced between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2019 was used. A validated algorithm of International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes to identify complex (deep/organ space) SSIs that occurred within the subsequent year was applied to the cohort. The overall mean 12-month inpatient and outpatient costs for the infection and non-infection groups were assessed. In order to control for variables that may influence costs, propensity score matching was completed and incremental costs between those with and without infection were calculated. As secondary outcomes, number of outpatient visits, hospitalizations and length of stay were assessed. RESULTS There were 26,049 procedures performed during our study period, of which 320 (1.23%) resulted in SSIs. In both unadjusted costs and propensity score matched costs the infection group was associated with increased costs. Overall mean cost was $145,312 in the infection group versus $34,264 in the non-infection group. The incremental difference in those with infection versus those without in the propensity score match was $90,620 (Standard deviation $190,185). Approximately 70% of costs were driven by inpatient hospitalizations. Inpatients hospitalizations, length of stay and outpatient visits were all increased in the infection group. CONCLUSIONS CIED infections are associated with increased costs and are a burden to the healthcare system. This highlights a need to recognize increasing SSI rates and implement measures to minimize infection risk. Further studies should endeavor to apply this work to full economic evaluations to better understand and identify cost-effective infection mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissa Rennert-May
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Derek Chew
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kristine Cannon
- Infection Prevention and Control, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Zuying Zhang
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Stephanie Smith
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Teagan King
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Derek V Exner
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Oscar E Larios
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Infection Prevention and Control, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jenine Leal
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Infection Prevention and Control, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
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5
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Banker RS, Rippy MK, Cooper N, Neužil P, Exner DV, Nair DG, Booth DF, Ligon D, Badie N, Krans M, Ando K, Knops RE, Ip JE, Doshi RN, Rashtian M, Reddy VY. Retrieval of Chronically Implanted Dual-chamber Leadless Pacemakers in an Ovine Model. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2023; 16:e012232. [PMID: 37767710 DOI: 10.1161/circep.123.012232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical utilization of leadless pacemakers (LPs) as an alternative to traditional transvenous pacemakers is likely to increase with the advent of dual-chamber LP systems. Since device retrieval to allow LP upgrade or replacement will become an important capability, the first such dual-chamber, helix-fixation LP system (Aveir DR; Abbott, Abbott Park, IL) was specifically designed to allow catheter-based retrieval. In this study, the preclinical performance and safety of retrieving chronically implanted dual-chamber LPs was evaluated. METHODS Atrial and ventricular LPs were implanted in the right atrial appendage and right ventricular apex of 9 healthy ovine subjects. After ≈2 years, the LPs were retrieved using a dedicated transvenous retrieval catheter (Aveir Retrieval Catheter; Abbott) by snaring, docking, and unscrewing from the myocardium. Comprehensive necropsy/histopathology studies were conducted to evaluate device- and procedure-related outcomes. RESULTS At a median of 1.9 years postimplant (range, 1.8-2.6), all 18 of 18 (100%) LPs were retrieved from 9 ovine subjects without complications. The median retrieval procedure duration for both LPs, from first-catheter-in to last-catheter-out, was 13.3 minutes (range, 2.5-36.4). Postretrieval, all right atrial, and right ventricular implant sites demonstrated minimal tissue disruption, with intact fibrous tissue limited to the distal device body. No significant device-related trauma, perforation, pericardial effusion, right heart or tricuspid valve injury, or chronic pulmonary thromboembolism were observed at necropsy. CONCLUSIONS This preclinical study demonstrated the safe and effective retrieval of chronically implanted, helix-fixation, dual-chamber LP systems, paving the way for clinical studies of LP retrieval.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Petr Neužil
- Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.N., V.Y.R.)
| | - Derek V Exner
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Calgary, Canada (D.V.E.)
| | - Devi G Nair
- St. Bernards Healthcare, Jonesboro, AR (D.G.N.)
| | | | - David Ligon
- Abbott, Sylmar, CA (N.C., D.F.B., D.L., N.B., M.K.)
| | - Nima Badie
- Abbott, Sylmar, CA (N.C., D.F.B., D.L., N.B., M.K.)
| | - Mark Krans
- Abbott, Sylmar, CA (N.C., D.F.B., D.L., N.B., M.K.)
| | - Kenji Ando
- Kokura Memorial Hospital, Kitakyushu, Japan (K.A.)
| | | | - James E Ip
- Weill Cornell Medical Center, NY (J.E.I.)
| | | | | | - Vivek Y Reddy
- Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (P.N., V.Y.R.)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, NY (V.Y.R.)
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6
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King TL, Chew DS, Leal J, Cannon K, Exner DV, Smith S, Larios O, Bush K, Yuen B, Zhang Z, Rennert-May E. Complex cardiac implantable electronic device infections in Alberta, Canada: An epidemiologic cohort study of validated administrative data. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2023; 44:1607-1613. [PMID: 37183997 PMCID: PMC10587380 DOI: 10.1017/ice.2023.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish the epidemiology of cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infections in Alberta, Canada, using validated administrative data. DESIGN Retrospective, population-based cohort study. SETTING Alberta Health Services is a province-wide health system that services all of Alberta, Canada. PARTICIPANTS Adult patients who underwent first-time CIED implantation or generator replacement in Alberta, Canada, between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2019. METHODS CIED implant patients were identified from the Paceart database. Patients who developed an infection within 1 year of the index procedure were identified through validated administrative data (International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision in Canada). Demographic characteristics of patients were summarized. Logistic regression models were used to analyze device type, comorbidities, and demographics associated with infection rates and mortality. RESULTS Among 27,830 CIED implants, there were 205 infections (0.74%). Having 2 or more comorbidities was associated with higher infection risk. Generator replacement procedures (odds ratio [OR], 0.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.34-0.84; P = .008), age increase of every 10 years (OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.66-0.82; P ≤ .001), and index procedure after 2014 were associated with decreased risk. Comparing the infected to uninfected groups, the hospitalization rates were 2.63 compared to 0.69, and the mortality rates were 10.73% compared to 3.49%, respectively (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS There is a slightly lower overall rate of CIED infections Alberta, Canada compared to previously described epidemiology. Implants after 2014, and generator replacements showed a decreased burden of infection. Patients with younger age, and 2 or more comorbidities are at greatest risk of CIED infection. The burden of hospitalization and mortality is substantially higher in infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teagan L. King
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Derek S. Chew
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Cagary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- O’Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jenine Leal
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Cagary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- O’Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Infection Prevention and Control, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kristine Cannon
- Infection Prevention and Control, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Derek V. Exner
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Stephanie Smith
- Infection Prevention and Control, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Oscar Larios
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Infection Prevention and Control, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kathryn Bush
- Infection Prevention and Control, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Brian Yuen
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Zuying Zhang
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Cagary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Elissa Rennert-May
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Cagary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- O’Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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7
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Vandenberk B, Chew DS, Prasana D, Gupta S, Exner DV. Successes and challenges of artificial intelligence in cardiology. Front Digit Health 2023; 5:1201392. [PMID: 37448836 PMCID: PMC10336354 DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2023.1201392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past decades there has been a substantial evolution in data management and data processing techniques. New data architectures made analysis of big data feasible, healthcare is orienting towards personalized medicine with digital health initiatives, and artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming of increasing importance. Despite being a trendy research topic, only very few applications reach the stage where they are implemented in clinical practice. This review provides an overview of current methodologies and identifies clinical and organizational challenges for AI in healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bert Vandenberk
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Derek S. Chew
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Dinesh Prasana
- Intelense Inc., Markham, ON, Canada
- IOT/AI- Caliber Interconnect Pvt Ltd., Coimbatore, India
| | | | - Derek V. Exner
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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8
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Knops RE, Reddy VY, Ip JE, Doshi R, Exner DV, Defaye P, Canby R, Bongiorni MG, Shoda M, Hindricks G, Neužil P, Rashtian M, Breeman KTN, Nevo JR, Ganz L, Hubbard C, Cantillon DJ. A Dual-Chamber Leadless Pacemaker. N Engl J Med 2023; 388:2360-2370. [PMID: 37212442 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2300080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single-chamber ventricular leadless pacemakers do not support atrial pacing or consistent atrioventricular synchrony. A dual-chamber leadless pacemaker system consisting of two devices implanted percutaneously, one in the right atrium and one in the right ventricle, would make leadless pacemaker therapy a treatment option for a wider range of indications. METHODS We conducted a prospective, multicenter, single-group study to evaluate the safety and performance of a dual-chamber leadless pacemaker system. Patients with a conventional indication for dual-chamber pacing were eligible for participation. The primary safety end point was freedom from complications (i.e., device- or procedure-related serious adverse events) at 90 days. The first primary performance end point was a combination of adequate atrial capture threshold and sensing amplitude at 3 months. The second primary performance end point was at least 70% atrioventricular synchrony at 3 months while the patient was sitting. RESULTS Among the 300 patients enrolled, 190 (63.3%) had sinus-node dysfunction and 100 (33.3%) had atrioventricular block as the primary pacing indication. The implantation procedure was successful (i.e., two functioning leadless pacemakers were implanted and had established implant-to-implant communication) in 295 patients (98.3%). A total of 35 device- or procedure-related serious adverse events occurred in 29 patients. The primary safety end point was met in 271 patients (90.3%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 87.0 to 93.7), which exceeded the performance goal of 78% (P<0.001). The first primary performance end point was met in 90.2% of the patients (95% CI, 86.8 to 93.6), which exceeded the performance goal of 82.5% (P<0.001). The mean (±SD) atrial capture threshold was 0.82±0.70 V, and the mean P-wave amplitude was 3.58±1.88 mV. Of the 21 patients (7%) with a P-wave amplitude of less than 1.0 mV, none required device revision for inadequate sensing. At least 70% atrioventricular synchrony was achieved in 97.3% of the patients (95% CI, 95.4 to 99.3), which exceeded the performance goal of 83% (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The dual-chamber leadless pacemaker system met the primary safety end point and provided atrial pacing and reliable atrioventricular synchrony for 3 months after implantation. (Funded by Abbott Medical; Aveir DR i2i ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT05252702.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinoud E Knops
- From Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam (R.E.K., K.T.N.B.); Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (V.Y.R.) and Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital (J.E.I.) - both in New York; HonorHealth Cardiac Arrhythmia Group, Scottsdale, AZ (R.D.); Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada (D.V.E.); Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Albert Michallon, Grenoble, France (P.D.); Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Austin (R.C.); Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy (M.G.B.); Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo (M.S.); Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Berlin (G.H.); Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (V.Y.R., P.N.); Huntington Memorial Hospital, Pasadena (M.R.), and Abbott Medical, Sylmar (J.R.N., L.G., C.H.) - both in California; and the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (D.J.C.)
| | - Vivek Y Reddy
- From Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam (R.E.K., K.T.N.B.); Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (V.Y.R.) and Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital (J.E.I.) - both in New York; HonorHealth Cardiac Arrhythmia Group, Scottsdale, AZ (R.D.); Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada (D.V.E.); Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Albert Michallon, Grenoble, France (P.D.); Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Austin (R.C.); Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy (M.G.B.); Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo (M.S.); Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Berlin (G.H.); Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (V.Y.R., P.N.); Huntington Memorial Hospital, Pasadena (M.R.), and Abbott Medical, Sylmar (J.R.N., L.G., C.H.) - both in California; and the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (D.J.C.)
| | - James E Ip
- From Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam (R.E.K., K.T.N.B.); Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (V.Y.R.) and Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital (J.E.I.) - both in New York; HonorHealth Cardiac Arrhythmia Group, Scottsdale, AZ (R.D.); Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada (D.V.E.); Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Albert Michallon, Grenoble, France (P.D.); Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Austin (R.C.); Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy (M.G.B.); Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo (M.S.); Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Berlin (G.H.); Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (V.Y.R., P.N.); Huntington Memorial Hospital, Pasadena (M.R.), and Abbott Medical, Sylmar (J.R.N., L.G., C.H.) - both in California; and the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (D.J.C.)
| | - Rahul Doshi
- From Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam (R.E.K., K.T.N.B.); Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (V.Y.R.) and Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital (J.E.I.) - both in New York; HonorHealth Cardiac Arrhythmia Group, Scottsdale, AZ (R.D.); Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada (D.V.E.); Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Albert Michallon, Grenoble, France (P.D.); Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Austin (R.C.); Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy (M.G.B.); Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo (M.S.); Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Berlin (G.H.); Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (V.Y.R., P.N.); Huntington Memorial Hospital, Pasadena (M.R.), and Abbott Medical, Sylmar (J.R.N., L.G., C.H.) - both in California; and the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (D.J.C.)
| | - Derek V Exner
- From Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam (R.E.K., K.T.N.B.); Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (V.Y.R.) and Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital (J.E.I.) - both in New York; HonorHealth Cardiac Arrhythmia Group, Scottsdale, AZ (R.D.); Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada (D.V.E.); Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Albert Michallon, Grenoble, France (P.D.); Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Austin (R.C.); Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy (M.G.B.); Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo (M.S.); Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Berlin (G.H.); Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (V.Y.R., P.N.); Huntington Memorial Hospital, Pasadena (M.R.), and Abbott Medical, Sylmar (J.R.N., L.G., C.H.) - both in California; and the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (D.J.C.)
| | - Pascal Defaye
- From Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam (R.E.K., K.T.N.B.); Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (V.Y.R.) and Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital (J.E.I.) - both in New York; HonorHealth Cardiac Arrhythmia Group, Scottsdale, AZ (R.D.); Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada (D.V.E.); Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Albert Michallon, Grenoble, France (P.D.); Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Austin (R.C.); Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy (M.G.B.); Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo (M.S.); Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Berlin (G.H.); Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (V.Y.R., P.N.); Huntington Memorial Hospital, Pasadena (M.R.), and Abbott Medical, Sylmar (J.R.N., L.G., C.H.) - both in California; and the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (D.J.C.)
| | - Robert Canby
- From Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam (R.E.K., K.T.N.B.); Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (V.Y.R.) and Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital (J.E.I.) - both in New York; HonorHealth Cardiac Arrhythmia Group, Scottsdale, AZ (R.D.); Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada (D.V.E.); Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Albert Michallon, Grenoble, France (P.D.); Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Austin (R.C.); Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy (M.G.B.); Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo (M.S.); Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Berlin (G.H.); Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (V.Y.R., P.N.); Huntington Memorial Hospital, Pasadena (M.R.), and Abbott Medical, Sylmar (J.R.N., L.G., C.H.) - both in California; and the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (D.J.C.)
| | - Maria Grazia Bongiorni
- From Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam (R.E.K., K.T.N.B.); Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (V.Y.R.) and Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital (J.E.I.) - both in New York; HonorHealth Cardiac Arrhythmia Group, Scottsdale, AZ (R.D.); Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada (D.V.E.); Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Albert Michallon, Grenoble, France (P.D.); Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Austin (R.C.); Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy (M.G.B.); Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo (M.S.); Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Berlin (G.H.); Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (V.Y.R., P.N.); Huntington Memorial Hospital, Pasadena (M.R.), and Abbott Medical, Sylmar (J.R.N., L.G., C.H.) - both in California; and the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (D.J.C.)
| | - Morio Shoda
- From Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam (R.E.K., K.T.N.B.); Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (V.Y.R.) and Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital (J.E.I.) - both in New York; HonorHealth Cardiac Arrhythmia Group, Scottsdale, AZ (R.D.); Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada (D.V.E.); Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Albert Michallon, Grenoble, France (P.D.); Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Austin (R.C.); Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy (M.G.B.); Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo (M.S.); Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Berlin (G.H.); Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (V.Y.R., P.N.); Huntington Memorial Hospital, Pasadena (M.R.), and Abbott Medical, Sylmar (J.R.N., L.G., C.H.) - both in California; and the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (D.J.C.)
| | - Gerhard Hindricks
- From Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam (R.E.K., K.T.N.B.); Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (V.Y.R.) and Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital (J.E.I.) - both in New York; HonorHealth Cardiac Arrhythmia Group, Scottsdale, AZ (R.D.); Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada (D.V.E.); Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Albert Michallon, Grenoble, France (P.D.); Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Austin (R.C.); Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy (M.G.B.); Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo (M.S.); Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Berlin (G.H.); Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (V.Y.R., P.N.); Huntington Memorial Hospital, Pasadena (M.R.), and Abbott Medical, Sylmar (J.R.N., L.G., C.H.) - both in California; and the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (D.J.C.)
| | - Petr Neužil
- From Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam (R.E.K., K.T.N.B.); Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (V.Y.R.) and Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital (J.E.I.) - both in New York; HonorHealth Cardiac Arrhythmia Group, Scottsdale, AZ (R.D.); Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada (D.V.E.); Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Albert Michallon, Grenoble, France (P.D.); Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Austin (R.C.); Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy (M.G.B.); Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo (M.S.); Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Berlin (G.H.); Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (V.Y.R., P.N.); Huntington Memorial Hospital, Pasadena (M.R.), and Abbott Medical, Sylmar (J.R.N., L.G., C.H.) - both in California; and the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (D.J.C.)
| | - Mayer Rashtian
- From Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam (R.E.K., K.T.N.B.); Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (V.Y.R.) and Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital (J.E.I.) - both in New York; HonorHealth Cardiac Arrhythmia Group, Scottsdale, AZ (R.D.); Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada (D.V.E.); Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Albert Michallon, Grenoble, France (P.D.); Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Austin (R.C.); Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy (M.G.B.); Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo (M.S.); Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Berlin (G.H.); Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (V.Y.R., P.N.); Huntington Memorial Hospital, Pasadena (M.R.), and Abbott Medical, Sylmar (J.R.N., L.G., C.H.) - both in California; and the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (D.J.C.)
| | - Karel T N Breeman
- From Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam (R.E.K., K.T.N.B.); Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (V.Y.R.) and Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital (J.E.I.) - both in New York; HonorHealth Cardiac Arrhythmia Group, Scottsdale, AZ (R.D.); Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada (D.V.E.); Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Albert Michallon, Grenoble, France (P.D.); Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Austin (R.C.); Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy (M.G.B.); Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo (M.S.); Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Berlin (G.H.); Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (V.Y.R., P.N.); Huntington Memorial Hospital, Pasadena (M.R.), and Abbott Medical, Sylmar (J.R.N., L.G., C.H.) - both in California; and the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (D.J.C.)
| | - Jordan R Nevo
- From Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam (R.E.K., K.T.N.B.); Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (V.Y.R.) and Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital (J.E.I.) - both in New York; HonorHealth Cardiac Arrhythmia Group, Scottsdale, AZ (R.D.); Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada (D.V.E.); Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Albert Michallon, Grenoble, France (P.D.); Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Austin (R.C.); Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy (M.G.B.); Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo (M.S.); Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Berlin (G.H.); Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (V.Y.R., P.N.); Huntington Memorial Hospital, Pasadena (M.R.), and Abbott Medical, Sylmar (J.R.N., L.G., C.H.) - both in California; and the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (D.J.C.)
| | - Leonard Ganz
- From Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam (R.E.K., K.T.N.B.); Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (V.Y.R.) and Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital (J.E.I.) - both in New York; HonorHealth Cardiac Arrhythmia Group, Scottsdale, AZ (R.D.); Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada (D.V.E.); Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Albert Michallon, Grenoble, France (P.D.); Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Austin (R.C.); Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy (M.G.B.); Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo (M.S.); Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Berlin (G.H.); Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (V.Y.R., P.N.); Huntington Memorial Hospital, Pasadena (M.R.), and Abbott Medical, Sylmar (J.R.N., L.G., C.H.) - both in California; and the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (D.J.C.)
| | - Chris Hubbard
- From Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam (R.E.K., K.T.N.B.); Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (V.Y.R.) and Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital (J.E.I.) - both in New York; HonorHealth Cardiac Arrhythmia Group, Scottsdale, AZ (R.D.); Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada (D.V.E.); Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Albert Michallon, Grenoble, France (P.D.); Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Austin (R.C.); Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy (M.G.B.); Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo (M.S.); Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Berlin (G.H.); Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (V.Y.R., P.N.); Huntington Memorial Hospital, Pasadena (M.R.), and Abbott Medical, Sylmar (J.R.N., L.G., C.H.) - both in California; and the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (D.J.C.)
| | - Daniel J Cantillon
- From Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam (R.E.K., K.T.N.B.); Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (V.Y.R.) and Weill Cornell Medicine-New York Presbyterian Hospital (J.E.I.) - both in New York; HonorHealth Cardiac Arrhythmia Group, Scottsdale, AZ (R.D.); Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada (D.V.E.); Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Albert Michallon, Grenoble, France (P.D.); Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, Austin (R.C.); Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy (M.G.B.); Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo (M.S.); Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Berlin (G.H.); Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic (V.Y.R., P.N.); Huntington Memorial Hospital, Pasadena (M.R.), and Abbott Medical, Sylmar (J.R.N., L.G., C.H.) - both in California; and the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland (D.J.C.)
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9
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Han HC, Wang J, Birnie DH, Alings M, Philippon F, Parkash R, Manlucu J, Angaran P, Rinne C, Coutu B, Low RA, Essebag V, Morillo C, Healey JS, Redfearn D, Toal S, Becker G, DeGrâce M, Thibault B, Crystal E, Tung S, LeMaitre J, Sultan O, Bennett M, Bashir J, Ayala-Paredes F, Gervais P, Rioux L, Hemels MEW, Bouwels LHR, Exner DV, Dorian P, Connolly SJ, Longtin Y, Krahn AD. Association of the Timing and Extent of Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Infections With Mortality. JAMA Cardiol 2023; 8:484-491. [PMID: 37017943 PMCID: PMC10077129 DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2023.0467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Importance Cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infection is a potentially devastating complication with an estimated 12-month mortality of 15% to 30%. The association of the extent (localized or systemic) and timing of infection with all-cause mortality has not been established. Objective To evaluate the association of the extent and timing of CIED infection with all-cause mortality. Design, Setting, and Participants This prospective observational cohort study was conducted between December 1, 2012, and September 30, 2016, in 28 centers across Canada and the Netherlands. The study included 19 559 patients undergoing CIED procedures, 177 of whom developed an infection. Data were analyzed from April 5, 2021, to January 14, 2023. Exposures Prospectively identified CIED infections. Main Outcomes and Measures Time-dependent analysis of the timing (early [≤3 months] or delayed [3-12 months]) and extent (localized or systemic) of infection was performed to determine the risk of all-cause mortality associated with CIED infections. Results Of 19 559 patients undergoing CIED procedures, 177 developed a CIED infection. The mean (SD) age was 68.7 (12.7) years, and 132 patients were male (74.6%). The cumulative incidence of infection was 0.6%, 0.7%, and 0.9% within 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively. Infection rates were highest in the first 3 months (0.21% per month), reducing significantly thereafter. Compared with patients who did not develop CIED infection, those with early localized infections were not at higher risk for all-cause mortality (no deaths at 30 days [0 of 74 patients]: adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.64 [95% CI, 0.20-1.98]; P = .43). However, patients with early systemic and delayed localized infections had an approximately 3-fold increase in mortality (8.9% 30-day mortality [4 of 45 patients]: aHR, 2.88 [95% CI, 1.48-5.61]; P = .002; 8.8% 30-day mortality [3 of 34 patients]: aHR, 3.57 [95% CI, 1.33-9.57]; P = .01), increasing to a 9.3-fold risk of death for those with delayed systemic infections (21.7% 30-day mortality [5 of 23 patients]: aHR, 9.30 [95% CI, 3.82-22.65]; P < .001). Conclusions and Relevance Findings suggest that CIED infections are most common within 3 months after the procedure. Early systemic infections and delayed localized infections are associated with increased mortality, with the highest risk for patients with delayed systemic infections. Early detection and treatment of CIED infections may be important in reducing mortality associated with this complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Chen Han
- Centre for Cardiovascular Innovation, Division of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Victorian Heart Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jia Wang
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - David H. Birnie
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marco Alings
- Division of Cardiology, Amphia Ziekenhuis & Working Group on Cardiovascular Research the Netherlands (WCN), Breda, the Netherlands
| | - François Philippon
- Division of Cardiology, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ratika Parkash
- Division of Cardiology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Center, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Jaimie Manlucu
- Division of Cardiology, Lawson Health Research Institute, London Health Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul Angaran
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, St Michael Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Claus Rinne
- Division of Cardiology, St Mary’s General Hospital, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benoit Coutu
- Division of Cardiology, Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - R. Aaron Low
- Division of Cardiology, Chinook Regional Hospital, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Vidal Essebag
- Division of Cardiology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Cardiology, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Carlos Morillo
- Division of Cardiology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jeffrey S. Healey
- Division of Cardiology, Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Damian Redfearn
- Division of Cardiology, Kingston General Hospital, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Satish Toal
- Division of Cardiology, Horizon Health Network, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Giuliano Becker
- Division of Cardiology, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michel DeGrâce
- Division of Cardiology, Hôtel-Dieu de Lévis, Levis, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bernard Thibault
- Division of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eugene Crystal
- Division of Cardiology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stanley Tung
- Division of Cardiology, St Paul’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John LeMaitre
- Division of Cardiology, Royal Columbian Hospital, New Westminster, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Omar Sultan
- Division of Cardiology, Regina General Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Matthew Bennett
- Division of Cardiology, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jamil Bashir
- Centre for Cardiovascular Innovation, Division of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Felix Ayala-Paredes
- Division of Cardiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CHUS), Sherbrooke, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Philippe Gervais
- Division of Cardiology, Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Leon Rioux
- Division of Cardiology, Centre Intégré de Sante et Service Sociaux du Bas-Laurent (CISSSBSL), Rimouski, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Martin E. W. Hemels
- Division of Cardiology, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, the Netherlands
- Division of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Leon H. R. Bouwels
- Division of Cardiology, Canisius Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Derek V. Exner
- Division of Cardiology, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Paul Dorian
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, St Michael Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stuart J. Connolly
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yves Longtin
- Jewish General Hospital Sir Mortimer B. Davis, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Andrew D. Krahn
- Centre for Cardiovascular Innovation, Division of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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10
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Reddy VY, Neuzil P, Booth DF, Knops RE, Doshi RN, Rashtian M, Exner DV, Banker RS, Nair D, Hadadi CA, Badie N, Yang W, Ligon D, Ip JE. Dual-Chamber Leadless Pacing: Atrioventricular Synchrony in Preclinical Models of Normal or Blocked Atrioventricular Conduction. Heart Rhythm 2023:S1547-5271(23)02104-5. [PMID: 37075958 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dual-chamber leadless pacemakers (LP) require robust communication between distinct right atrial (RA) and right ventricular (RV) LPs to achieve atrioventricular (AV) synchrony. OBJECTIVE This preclinical study evaluated a novel, continuous implant-to-implant (i2i™) communication methodology for maintaining AV-synchronous, dual-chamber DDD(R) pacing by the 2 LPs. METHODS RA and RV LPs were implanted and paired in 7 ovine subjects, 4 of 7 with induced complete heart block. AV synchrony (% AV intervals <300 ms) and i2i communication success (% successful i2i transmissions between LPs) were evaluated acutely and chronically. During acute testing, 12-lead ECG and LP diagnostic data were collected from 5-minute recordings, in 4 postures and 2 rhythms (AP-VP and AS-VP or AP-VS and AS-VS) per subject. Chronic i2i performance was evaluated through 23 weeks post-implant (final i2i evaluation period: week 16-23). RESULTS Acute AV synchrony and i2i communication success across multiple postures and rhythms were 100.0% [100.0-100.0] (median [interquartile range]) and 99.9% [99.9-99.9], respectively. AV synchrony and i2i success rates did not differ across postures (P=0.59, P=0.11) or rhythms (P=1.00, P=0.82). During the final i2i evaluation period, the overall i2i success was 98.9% [98.1-99.0]. CONCLUSION Successful AV-synchronous, dual-chamber DDD(R) leadless pacing using a novel, continuous, wireless communication modality was demonstrated across variations in posture and rhythm in a preclinical model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Y Reddy
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | | - Rahul N Doshi
- HonorHealth Research Institute, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | | | - Derek V Exner
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Devi Nair
- St. Bernard's Heart and Vascular Center, Jonesboro, Arkansas, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - James E Ip
- Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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11
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Reddy VY, Exner DV, Doshi R, Tomassoni G, Bunch TJ, Friedman P, Estes NAM, Neužil P, de la Concha JF, Cantillon DJ. 1-Year Outcomes of a Leadless Ventricular Pacemaker: The LEADLESS II (Phase 2) Trial. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2023:S2405-500X(23)00089-0. [PMID: 36951813 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2023.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
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12
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Campbell DJT, Mitchell C, Hemmelgarn BR, Tonelli M, Faris P, Zhang J, Tsuyuki RT, Fletcher J, Au F, Klarenbach S, Exner DV, Manns BJ. Eliminating Medication Copayments for Low-income Older Adults at High Cardiovascular Risk: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Circulation 2023; 147:1505-1514. [PMID: 36871215 PMCID: PMC10180013 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.064188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: One in eight people with heart disease has poor medication adherence that, in part, is related to copayment costs. This study tested whether eliminating copayments for high-value medications among low-income older adults at high cardiovascular risk would improve clinical outcomes. Methods: This randomized 2x2 factorial trial studied 2 distinct interventions in Alberta, Canada: eliminating copayments for high value preventive medications and a self-management education and support program (reported separately). The findings for the first intervention, which waived the usual 30% copayment on 15 medication classes commonly used to reduce cardiovascular events, compared to usual copayment, is reported herein. The primary outcome was the composite of death, myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary revascularization, and cardiovascular-related hospitalizations over a three-year followup. Rates of the primary outcome and its components were compared using negative binomial regression. Secondary outcomes included quality of life(EQ-5D index score), medication adherence, and overall healthcare costs. Results: 4,761 individuals were randomized and followed for a median of 36 months. There was no evidence of statistical interaction(p=0.99) or of a synergistic effect between the two interventions in the factorial trial with respect to the primary outcome, which allowed us to evaluate the effect of each intervention separately. The rate of the primary outcome was not reduced by copayment elimination, (521 vs 533 events, incidence rate ratio(IRR) 0.84, 95%CI 0.66 to 1.07, p=0.162). The IRR for non-fatal MI, non-fatal stroke, and cardiovascular death (0.97; 95% CI 0.67 to 1.39), death (0.94 (95%CI 0.80 to 1.11) and for cardiovascular-related hospitalizations (0.78 (95%CI 0.57 to 1.06) did not differ between groups. No significant between-group changes in quality of life over time were observed(mean difference 0.012, 95%CI -0.006 to 0.030, p=0.19). The proportion of participants who were adherent to statins was 0.72 vs 0.69 for the copayment elimination vs usual copayment groups, respectively(mean difference 0.03, 95% CI 0.006-0.06, p=0.016). Overall adjusted health care costs did not differ ($3,575, 95%CI -605 to 7,168, p=0.098). Conclusions: In low-income adults at high cardiovascular risk, eliminating copayments (average $35 a month) did not improve clinical outcomes or reduce healthcare costs, despite a modest improvement in adherence to medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J T Campbell
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; ; Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Chad Mitchell
- Pharmaceutical Branch, Alberta Health, Government of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Brenda R Hemmelgarn
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Marcello Tonelli
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; O'Brien Institute of Public Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Peter Faris
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Data Integration, Management, and Reporting, Analytics, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ross T Tsuyuki
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jane Fletcher
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Flora Au
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Scott Klarenbach
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Derek V Exner
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Braden J Manns
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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13
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Campbell DJT, Tonelli M, Hemmelgarn BR, Faris P, Zhang J, Au F, Tsuyuki RT, Mitchell C, Pannu R, Campbell T, Ivers N, Fletcher J, Exner DV, Manns BJ. Self-management Support Using Advertising Principles for Older Low Income Adults at High Cardiovascular Risk: a Randomized Controlled Trial. Circulation 2023; 147:1492-1504. [PMID: 36871212 PMCID: PMC10180012 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.064189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Self-management education and support (SMES) interventions have modest effects on intermediate outcomes for those at risk of cardiovascular disease, but few studies have measured or demonstrated an impact on clinical endpoints. Advertising for commercial products is known to influence behavior, but advertising principles are not typically incorporated into SMES design. Methods: This randomized trial studied the impact of a novel tailored SMES program designed by an advertising firm among a population of low-income older adults at high cardiovascular risk in Alberta, Canada. The intervention included health promotion messaging from a fictitious "peer" and facilitated relay of clinical information to patients' primary care provider and pharmacist. The primary outcome was the composite of death, myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary revascularization, and hospitalizations for cardiovascular-related ambulatory care-sensitive conditions. Rates of the primary outcome and its components were compared using negative binomial regression. Secondary outcomes included quality of life (EQ-5D index score), medication adherence, and overall healthcare costs. Results: We randomized 4,761 individuals, with a mean age of 74.4 years, of whom 46.8% were female. There was no evidence of statistical interaction (p=0.99) or of a synergistic effect between the two interventions in the factorial trial with respect to the primary outcome, which allowed us to evaluate the effect of each intervention separately. Over a median follow-up time of 36 months, the rate of the primary outcome was lower in the group that received SMES compared with the control group (incidence rate ratio (IRR): 0.78, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.61-1.00, p=0.047). No significant between-group changes in quality of life over time were observed (mean difference 0.0001, 95%CI -0.018 to 0.018, p=0.99). The proportion of participants who were adherent to medications was not different between the two groups (p = 0.199 for statins, and p=0.754 for ACEi/ARBs). Overall adjusted health care costs did not differ between those receiving SMES and the control group ($2,015, 95%CI -1,953 to 5,985, p=0.320). Conclusions: In low-income older adults, a tailored SMES program using advertising principles reduced the rate of clinical outcomes compared with usual care, though the mechanisms of improvement are unclear and further studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J T Campbell
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Marcello Tonelli
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Brenda R Hemmelgarn
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Peter Faris
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Data Integration, Management, and Reporting, Analytics, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Flora Au
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ross T Tsuyuki
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta. Edmonton, Alberta. Canada
| | - Chad Mitchell
- Pharmaceutical and Supplementary Benefits Division, Alberta Health, Government of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Tavis Campbell
- Department of Psychology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Noah Ivers
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Temerty School of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Women's College Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jane Fletcher
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Derek V Exner
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Braden J Manns
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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14
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Healey JS, Krahn AD, Bashir J, Amit G, Philippon F, McIntyre WF, Tsang B, Joza J, Exner DV, Birnie DH, Sadek M, Leong DP, Sikkel M, Korley V, Sapp JL, Roux JF, Lee SF, Wong G, Djuric A, Spears D, Carroll S, Crystal E, Hruczkowski T, Connolly SJ, Mondesert B. Perioperative Safety and Early Patient and Device Outcomes Among Subcutaneous Versus Transvenous Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Implantations : A Randomized, Multicenter Trial. Ann Intern Med 2022; 175:1658-1665. [PMID: 36343346 DOI: 10.7326/m22-1566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) improve survival in patients at risk for cardiac arrest, but are associated with intravascular lead-related complications. The subcutaneous ICD (S-ICD), with no intravascular components, was developed to minimize lead-related complications. OBJECTIVE To assess key ICD performance measures related to delivery of ICD therapy, including inappropriate ICD shocks (delivered in absence of life-threatening arrhythmia) and failed ICD shocks (which did not terminate ventricular arrhythmia). DESIGN Randomized, multicenter trial. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02881255). SETTING The ATLAS trial. PATIENTS 544 eligible patients (141 female) with a primary or secondary prevention indication for an ICD who were younger than age 60 years, had a cardiogenetic phenotype, or had prespecified risk factors for lead complications were electrocardiographically screened and 503 randomly assigned to S-ICD (251 patients) or transvenous ICD (TV-ICD) (252 patients). Mean follow-up was 2.5 years (SD, 1.1). Mean age was 49.0 years (SD, 11.5). MEASUREMENTS The primary outcome was perioperative major lead-related complications. RESULTS There was a statistically significant reduction in perioperative, lead-related complications, which occurred in 1 patient (0.4%) with an S-ICD and in 12 patients (4.8%) with TV-ICD (-4.4%; 95% CI, -6.9 to -1.9; P = 0.001). There was a trend for more inappropriate shocks with the S-ICD (hazard ratio [HR], 2.37; 95% CI, 0.98 to 5.77), but no increase in failed appropriate ICD shocks (HR, 0.61 (0.15 to 2.57). Patients in the S-ICD group had more ICD site pain, measured on a 10-point numeric rating scale, on the day of implant (4.2 ± 2.8 vs. 2.9 ± 2.2; P < 0.001) and 1 month later (1.3 ± 1.8 vs. 0.9 ± 1.5; P = 0.035). LIMITATION At present, the ATLAS trial is underpowered to detect differences in clinical shock outcomes; however, extended follow-up is ongoing. CONCLUSION The S-ICD reduces perioperative, lead-related complications without significantly compromising the effectiveness of ICD shocks, but with more early postoperative pain and a trend for more inappropriate shocks. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE Boston Scientific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff S Healey
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (J.S.H., W.F.M., D.P.L., S.F.L., G.W., A.D., S.J.C.)
| | - Andrew D Krahn
- Centre for Cardiovascular Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (A.D.K., J.B.)
| | - Jamil Bashir
- Centre for Cardiovascular Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (A.D.K., J.B.)
| | - Guy Amit
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (G.A.)
| | - François Philippon
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (F.P.)
| | - William F McIntyre
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (J.S.H., W.F.M., D.P.L., S.F.L., G.W., A.D., S.J.C.)
| | - Bernice Tsang
- Southlake Regional Hospital, Newmarket, Ontario, Canada (B.T.)
| | | | - Derek V Exner
- University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (D.V.E.)
| | - David H Birnie
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (D.H.B., M.S.)
| | - Mouhannad Sadek
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (D.H.B., M.S.)
| | - Darryl P Leong
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (J.S.H., W.F.M., D.P.L., S.F.L., G.W., A.D., S.J.C.)
| | - Markus Sikkel
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada (M.S.)
| | - Victoria Korley
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (V.K., E.C.)
| | - John L Sapp
- Dalhousie University and QEII Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada (J.L.S.)
| | | | - Shun Fu Lee
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (J.S.H., W.F.M., D.P.L., S.F.L., G.W., A.D., S.J.C.)
| | - Gloria Wong
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (J.S.H., W.F.M., D.P.L., S.F.L., G.W., A.D., S.J.C.)
| | - Angie Djuric
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (J.S.H., W.F.M., D.P.L., S.F.L., G.W., A.D., S.J.C.)
| | - Danna Spears
- University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (D.S.)
| | - Sandra Carroll
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, and School of Nursing, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (S.C.)
| | - Eugene Crystal
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (V.K., E.C.)
| | | | - Stuart J Connolly
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (J.S.H., W.F.M., D.P.L., S.F.L., G.W., A.D., S.J.C.)
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15
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Dykstra S, Satriano A, Cornhill AK, Lei LY, Labib D, Mikami Y, Flewitt J, Rivest S, Sandonato R, Feuchter P, Howarth AG, Lydell CP, Fine NM, Exner DV, Morillo CA, Wilton SB, Gavrilova ML, White JA. Machine learning prediction of atrial fibrillation in cardiovascular patients using cardiac magnetic resonance and electronic health information. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:998558. [PMID: 36247426 PMCID: PMC9554748 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.998558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is a commonly encountered cardiac arrhythmia associated with morbidity and substantial healthcare costs. While patients with cardiovascular disease experience the greatest risk of new-onset AF, no risk model has been developed to predict AF occurrence in this population. We hypothesized that a patient-specific model could be delivered using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) disease phenotyping, contextual patient health information, and machine learning.MethodsNine thousand four hundred forty-eight patients referred for CMR imaging were enrolled and followed over a 5-year period. Seven thousand, six hundred thirty-nine had no prior history of AF and were eligible to train and validate machine learning algorithms. Random survival forests (RSFs) were used to predict new-onset AF and compared to Cox proportional-hazard (CPH) models. The best performing features were identified from 115 variables sourced from three data domains: (i) CMR-based disease phenotype, (ii) patient health questionnaire, and (iii) electronic health records. We evaluated discriminative performance of optimized models using C-index and time-dependent AUC (tAUC).ResultsA RSF-based model of 20 variables (CIROC-AF-20) delivered an overall C-index of 0.78 for the prediction of new-onset AF with respective tAUCs of 0.80, 0.79, and 0.78 at 1-, 2- and 3-years. This outperformed a novel CPH-based model and historic AF risk scores. At 1-year of follow-up, validation cohort patients classified as high-risk of future AF by CIROC-AF-20 went on to experience a 17.3% incidence of new-onset AF, being 24.7-fold higher risk than low risk patients.ConclusionsUsing phenotypic data available at time of CMR imaging we developed and validated the first described risk model for the prediction of new-onset AF in patients with cardiovascular disease. Complementary value was provided by variables from patient-reported measures of health and the electronic health record, illustrating the value of multi-domain phenotypic data for the prediction of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Dykstra
- Stephenson Cardiac Imaging Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Alessandro Satriano
- Stephenson Cardiac Imaging Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Aidan K. Cornhill
- Stephenson Cardiac Imaging Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Lucy Y. Lei
- Stephenson Cardiac Imaging Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Dina Labib
- Stephenson Cardiac Imaging Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Yoko Mikami
- Stephenson Cardiac Imaging Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jacqueline Flewitt
- Stephenson Cardiac Imaging Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sandra Rivest
- Stephenson Cardiac Imaging Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Rosa Sandonato
- Stephenson Cardiac Imaging Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Patricia Feuchter
- Stephenson Cardiac Imaging Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Andrew G. Howarth
- Stephenson Cardiac Imaging Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Carmen P. Lydell
- Stephenson Cardiac Imaging Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Nowell M. Fine
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Derek V. Exner
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Carlos A. Morillo
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Stephen B. Wilton
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - James A. White
- Stephenson Cardiac Imaging Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- *Correspondence: James A. White
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16
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Lashgari E, Nair DG, Gopinathannair R, Exner DV, Qu F, Dawoud F, Goil A, Davis K, Ryu P, Yoo D, Manyam H, Singh JP. A CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK FOR AUTOMATIC DISCRIMINATION OF PAUSE EPISODES DETECTED BY AN INSERTABLE CARDIAC MONITOR. Cardiovascular Digital Health Journal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cvdhj.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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17
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Chew DS, Au F, Xu Y, Manns BJ, Tonelli M, Wilton SB, Hemmelgarn B, Kong S, Exner DV, Quinn AE. Geographic and temporal variation in the treatment and outcomes of atrial fibrillation: a population-based analysis of national quality indicators. CMAJ Open 2022; 10:E702-E713. [PMID: 35918151 PMCID: PMC9352379 DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20210246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessment of potential geographic variation in quality indicators of atrial fibrillation care may identify opportunities for improvement in the quality of atrial fibrillation care. The objective of this study was to assess for potential geographic variation in the quality of atrial fibrillation care in Alberta, Canada. METHODS In a population-based cohort of adults (age ≥ 18 yr) with incident nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) diagnosed between Apr. 1, 2008, and Mar. 31, 2016, in Alberta, we investigated the variation in national quality indicators of atrial fibrillation care developed by the Canadian Cardiovascular Society. Specifically, we assessed the geographic and temporal variation in the proportion of patients with initiation of oral anticoagulant therapy, persistence with therapy, ischemic stroke and major bleeding outcomes 1 year after atrial fibrillation diagnosis using linked administrative data sets. We defined stroke risk using the CHADS2 score. We assessed geographic variation using small-area variation statistics and geospatial data analysis. RESULTS Of the 64 093 patients in the study cohort (35 019 men [54.6%] and 29 074 women [45.4%] with a mean age of 69 [standard deviation 15.9] yr), 36 199 were at high risk for stroke and 14 411 were at moderate risk. Within 1 year of NVAF diagnosis, 20 180 patients (55.7%) in the high-risk group and 6448 patients (44.7%) in the moderate-risk group were prescribed anticoagulation. A total of 2187 patients (3.4%) had an ischemic stroke, and 2996 patients (4.7%) experienced a major bleed. There was substantial regional variation observed in initiation of oral anticoagulant therapy but not in the proportion of patients with ischemic stroke or major bleeding. Among the 64 Health Status Areas in Alberta, therapy initiation rates ranged from 22.6% to 71.2% among patients at high stroke risk and from 22.7% to 55.8% among those at moderate stroke risk, with clustering of lower therapy initiation rates in rural northern regions. INTERPRETATION The rate of initiation of oral anticoagulant therapy among adults with incident atrial fibrillation was less than 60% in patients in whom oral anticoagulant therapy would be considered guideline-appropriate care. The large geographic variation in oral anticoagulant prescribing warrants additional study into patient, provider and health care system factors that contribute to variation and drive disparities in high-quality, equitable atrial fibrillation care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek S Chew
- Duke Clinical Research Institute (Chew), Duke University, Durham, NC; Libin Cardiovascular Institute (Chew, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Exner) and O'Brien Institute of Public Health (Au, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Exner), University of Calgary; Departments of Community Health Sciences (Au, Xu, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Hemmelgarn, Kong, Exner, Quinn), Oncology (Xu, Kong), Surgery (Xu, Kong) and Medicine (Manns, Tonelli), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry (Hemmelgarn), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
| | - Flora Au
- Duke Clinical Research Institute (Chew), Duke University, Durham, NC; Libin Cardiovascular Institute (Chew, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Exner) and O'Brien Institute of Public Health (Au, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Exner), University of Calgary; Departments of Community Health Sciences (Au, Xu, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Hemmelgarn, Kong, Exner, Quinn), Oncology (Xu, Kong), Surgery (Xu, Kong) and Medicine (Manns, Tonelli), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry (Hemmelgarn), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - Yuan Xu
- Duke Clinical Research Institute (Chew), Duke University, Durham, NC; Libin Cardiovascular Institute (Chew, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Exner) and O'Brien Institute of Public Health (Au, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Exner), University of Calgary; Departments of Community Health Sciences (Au, Xu, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Hemmelgarn, Kong, Exner, Quinn), Oncology (Xu, Kong), Surgery (Xu, Kong) and Medicine (Manns, Tonelli), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry (Hemmelgarn), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - Braden J Manns
- Duke Clinical Research Institute (Chew), Duke University, Durham, NC; Libin Cardiovascular Institute (Chew, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Exner) and O'Brien Institute of Public Health (Au, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Exner), University of Calgary; Departments of Community Health Sciences (Au, Xu, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Hemmelgarn, Kong, Exner, Quinn), Oncology (Xu, Kong), Surgery (Xu, Kong) and Medicine (Manns, Tonelli), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry (Hemmelgarn), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - Marcello Tonelli
- Duke Clinical Research Institute (Chew), Duke University, Durham, NC; Libin Cardiovascular Institute (Chew, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Exner) and O'Brien Institute of Public Health (Au, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Exner), University of Calgary; Departments of Community Health Sciences (Au, Xu, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Hemmelgarn, Kong, Exner, Quinn), Oncology (Xu, Kong), Surgery (Xu, Kong) and Medicine (Manns, Tonelli), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry (Hemmelgarn), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - Stephen B Wilton
- Duke Clinical Research Institute (Chew), Duke University, Durham, NC; Libin Cardiovascular Institute (Chew, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Exner) and O'Brien Institute of Public Health (Au, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Exner), University of Calgary; Departments of Community Health Sciences (Au, Xu, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Hemmelgarn, Kong, Exner, Quinn), Oncology (Xu, Kong), Surgery (Xu, Kong) and Medicine (Manns, Tonelli), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry (Hemmelgarn), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - Brenda Hemmelgarn
- Duke Clinical Research Institute (Chew), Duke University, Durham, NC; Libin Cardiovascular Institute (Chew, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Exner) and O'Brien Institute of Public Health (Au, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Exner), University of Calgary; Departments of Community Health Sciences (Au, Xu, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Hemmelgarn, Kong, Exner, Quinn), Oncology (Xu, Kong), Surgery (Xu, Kong) and Medicine (Manns, Tonelli), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry (Hemmelgarn), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - Shiying Kong
- Duke Clinical Research Institute (Chew), Duke University, Durham, NC; Libin Cardiovascular Institute (Chew, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Exner) and O'Brien Institute of Public Health (Au, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Exner), University of Calgary; Departments of Community Health Sciences (Au, Xu, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Hemmelgarn, Kong, Exner, Quinn), Oncology (Xu, Kong), Surgery (Xu, Kong) and Medicine (Manns, Tonelli), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry (Hemmelgarn), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - Derek V Exner
- Duke Clinical Research Institute (Chew), Duke University, Durham, NC; Libin Cardiovascular Institute (Chew, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Exner) and O'Brien Institute of Public Health (Au, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Exner), University of Calgary; Departments of Community Health Sciences (Au, Xu, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Hemmelgarn, Kong, Exner, Quinn), Oncology (Xu, Kong), Surgery (Xu, Kong) and Medicine (Manns, Tonelli), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry (Hemmelgarn), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
| | - Amity E Quinn
- Duke Clinical Research Institute (Chew), Duke University, Durham, NC; Libin Cardiovascular Institute (Chew, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Exner) and O'Brien Institute of Public Health (Au, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Exner), University of Calgary; Departments of Community Health Sciences (Au, Xu, Manns, Tonelli, Wilton, Hemmelgarn, Kong, Exner, Quinn), Oncology (Xu, Kong), Surgery (Xu, Kong) and Medicine (Manns, Tonelli), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry (Hemmelgarn), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta
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18
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Mitchell LB, Exner DV. ICDs for Patients with Stable VT, Cardiomyopathy, and Relatively-Preserved LVEF: Core Therapy, Precision Medicine, or Indication Creep? Can J Cardiol 2022; 38:1147-1149. [PMID: 35597533 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2022.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L Brent Mitchell
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services.
| | - Derek V Exner
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services
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19
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Sheikh N, Phillips AA, Ranada S, Lloyd M, Kogut K, Bourne K, Jorge JG, Lei LY, Sheldon RS, Exner DV, Runte M, Raj SR. Mitigating Initial Orthostatic Hypotension: Mechanistic Roles of Muscle Contraction Versus Sympathetic Activation. Hypertension 2022; 79:638-647. [PMID: 34990207 PMCID: PMC8828707 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.18580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Initial orthostatic hypotension (IOH) is defined by a large drop in blood pressure (BP) within 15 s of standing. IOH often presents during an active stand, but not with a passive tilt, suggesting that a muscle activation reflex involving lower body muscles plays an important role. To our knowledge, there is no literature exploring how sympathetic activation affects IOH. We hypothesized involuntary muscle contractions before standing would significantly reduce the drop in BP seen in IOH while increasing sympathetic activity would not. METHODS Study participants performed 4 sit-to-stand maneuvers including a mental stress test (serial 7 mental arithmetic stress test), cold pressor test, electrical stimulation, and no intervention. Continuous heart rate and beat-to-beat BP were measured. Cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance were estimated from these waveforms. Data are presented as mean±SD. RESULTS A total of 23 female IOH participants (31±8 years) completed the study. The drops in systolic BP following the serial 7 mental arithmetic stress test (-26±12 mm Hg; P=0.004), cold pressor test (-20±15 mm Hg; P<0.001), and electrical stimulation (-28±12 mm Hg; P=0.01) were significantly reduced compared with no intervention (-34±11 mm Hg). The drops in systemic vascular resistance following the serial 7 mental arithmetic stress test (-391±206 dyne×s/cm5; P=0.006) and cold pressor test (-386±179 dyne×s/cm5; P=0.011) were significantly reduced compared with no intervention (-488±173 dyne×s/cm5). Cardiac output was significantly increased upon standing (7±2 L/min) compared with during the sit (6±1 L/min; P<0.001) for electrical stimulation. CONCLUSION Sympathetic activation mitigates the BP response in IOH, while involuntary muscle contraction mitigates the BP response and reduces symptoms. Active muscle contractions may induce both of these mechanisms of action in their pretreatment of IOH. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT03970551.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasia Sheikh
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Aaron A Phillips
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Shaun Ranada
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Matthew Lloyd
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Karolina Kogut
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kate Bourne
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Juliana G Jorge
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Lucy Y Lei
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Robert S. Sheldon
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Derek V. Exner
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Mary Runte
- Department of Management, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Dr W, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1K 3M4
| | - Satish R. Raj
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Autonomic Dysfunction Center, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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20
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Sheikh NA, Ranada S, Lloyd M, McCarthy D, Kogut K, Bourne KM, Jorge JG, Lei LY, Sheldon RS, Exner DV, Phillips AA, Runté M, Raj SR. Lower body muscle preactivation and tensing mitigate symptoms of initial orthostatic hypotension in young females. Heart Rhythm 2022; 19:604-610. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2021.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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21
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Alrohimi A, Ishaque N, Menon BK, Quinn FR, Shuaib A, Hill MD, Buck BH, Exner DV, Butcher K. Abstract WP110: Infarct Topography On MRI In Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke And Atrial Fibrillation: Subgroup Analysis From PER DIEM Trial. Stroke 2022. [DOI: 10.1161/str.53.suppl_1.wp110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cause of ischemic stroke; however, it is often difficult to detect. It is unclear whether specific infarct topography on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is associated with underlying AF. We aimed to objectively assess the infarct patterns on MRI in patients with acute ischemic stroke and determine imaging characteristics that are associated with AF.
Methods:
We conducted a subgroup analysis on patients randomized in Post-Embolic Rhythm Detection with Implantable vs External Monitoring trial (PER DIEM; NCT02428140) who had brain MRI. Two raters blinded to clinical details reviewed the MRI findings. Patients were divided to two groups (AF and non-AF) and descriptive statistics were used to characterize findings. Variables associated with new AF were analyzed using logistic regression and reported as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and
p
-values.
Results:
Of the 300 patients who were randomized in the trial, 249 (83%) patients (59.4% male) with a mean age of 64.3 ± 13.1 years had MRI brain and were included in the analysis. Median (IQR) NIHSS was 0 (0 - 1), number of lesions was 2 (1 - 3), and diameter of lesion (mm) was 10.4 (5.8 - 21.1) mm. In this cohort of patients, imaging characteristics were not significantly associated with the detection of AF.
Conclusions:
Association between infarct topography and AF detection was not found in this study. Imaging characteristics cannot be relied upon to predict or exclude an underlying AF. Large prospective studies are suggested to examine the link between infarct topography and underlying AF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ken Butcher
- UNIVERSITY of New South Wales, Randwick, Australia
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22
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Chew DS, Zarrabi M, You I, Morton J, Low A, Reyes L, Yuen B, Sumner GL, Raj SR, Exner DV, Wilton SB. Clinical and Economic Outcomes Associated with Remote Monitoring for Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices: A Population-Based Analysis. Can J Cardiol 2022; 38:736-744. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2022.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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23
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Chew DS, Manga S, Roberts A, Sumner GL, Kavanagh KM, Howarth AG, Lydell C, White JA, Cowan K, Rowlandson G, Xue J, Exner DV. A Novel High-Resolution Surface Electrocardiographic Method to Identify and Characterize Myocardial Scar: A Proof-of-Concept Study. CJC Open 2021; 3:1207-1213. [PMID: 34888504 PMCID: PMC8636230 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjco.2021.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The placement of the left ventricular (LV) lead in an area free of myocardial scar is an important determinant of cardiac resynchronization therapy response. We sought to develop and validate a simple, practical, and novel electrocardiographic (ECG)-based approach to intraoperatively identify the presence of LV scar. We hypothesized that there would be a reduction in the measured amplitude of the LV pacing stimulus on the skin surface using a high-resolution (HR) ECG when pacing from LV regions with scar compared with regions without scar. We term this the ECG Amplitude Signal Evaluation (EASE) method. Methods Consecutive patients with ischemic LV systolic dysfunction and standard criteria for de novo cardiac resynchronization therapy implantation were prospectively enrolled. All underwent a preimplant contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance study to assess for scar. The average amplitude of the LV pacing impulse was sampled on HR surface ECG intraprocedurally and then compared with the cardiac magnetic resonance results. Results A total of 38 LV pacing sites were assessed among 13 recipients. The median voltage measured on the surface HR ECG in regions with scar was reduced by 41% (interquartile range, 17% to 63%), whereas there was no measurable change in voltage (interquartile range, 0 to 0%) in regions without scar compared with the maximal amplitude (Wilcoxon P < 0.0001). Conclusion The EASE method appears to be of potential value as a novel intraoperative tool to guide LV lead placement to regions free of scar. Future work is required to validate the utility of this method in a larger patient cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek S Chew
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sharita Manga
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andrew Roberts
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Glen L Sumner
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Katherine M Kavanagh
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andrew G Howarth
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Carmen Lydell
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - James A White
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Karen Cowan
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Joel Xue
- GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Derek V Exner
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Longtin Y, Gervais P, Birnie DH, Wang J, Alings M, Philippon F, Parkash R, Manlucu J, Angaran P, Rinne C, Coutu B, Low RA, Essebag V, Morillo C, Redfearn D, Toal S, Becker G, Degrâce M, Thibault B, Crystal E, Tung S, LeMaitre J, Sultan O, Bennett M, Bashir J, Ayala-Paredes F, Rioux L, Hemels MEW, Bouwels LHR, Exner DV, Dorian P, Connolly SJ, Krahn AD. Impact of Choice of Prophylaxis on the Microbiology of Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Infections: Insights From the Prevention of Arrhythmia Device Infection Trial (PADIT). Open Forum Infect Dis 2021; 8:ofab513. [PMID: 34859113 PMCID: PMC8632784 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Prevention of Arrhythmia Device Infection Trial (PADIT) investigated whether intensification of perioperative prophylaxis could prevent cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infections. Compared with a single dose of cefazolin, the perioperative administration of cefazolin, vancomycin, bacitracin, and cephalexin did not significantly decrease the risk of infection. Our objective was to compare the microbiology of infections between study arms in PADIT. Methods This was a post hoc analysis. Differences between study arms in the microbiology of infections were assessed at the level of individual patients and at the level of microorganisms using the Fisher exact test. Results Overall, 209 microorganisms were reported from 177 patients. The most common microorganisms were coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS; 82/209 [39.2%]) and S. aureus (75/209 [35.9%]). There was a significantly lower proportion of CoNS in the incremental arm compared with the standard arm (30.1% vs 46.6%; P = .04). However, there was no significant difference between study arms in the frequency of recovery of other microorganisms. In terms of antimicrobial susceptibility, 26.5% of microorganisms were resistant to cefazolin. CoNS were more likely to be cefazolin-resistant in the incremental arm (52.2% vs 26.8%, respectively; P = .05). However, there was no difference between study arms in terms of infections in which the main pathogen was sensitive to cefazolin (77.8% vs 64.3%; P = .10) or vancomycin (90.8% vs 90.2%; P = .90). Conclusions Intensification of the prophylaxis led to significant changes in the microbiology of infections, despite the absence of a decrease in the overall risk of infections. These findings provide important insight on the physiopathology of CIED infections. Trial registration NCT01002911.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yves Longtin
- Jewish General Hospital Sir Mortimer B. Davis, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Lady Davis Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Philippe Gervais
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - David H Birnie
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jia Wang
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marco Alings
- Amphia Ziekenhuis & Working Group on Cardiovascular Research (WCN), Breda, the Netherlands
| | - François Philippon
- Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ratika Parkash
- Queen Elizabeth II Health Science Center, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Jaimie Manlucu
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London Health Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul Angaran
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Division of Cardiology, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Claus Rinne
- St. Mary's General Hospital, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benoit Coutu
- Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - R Aaron Low
- Chinook Regional Hospital, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Vidal Essebag
- McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Carlos Morillo
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Damian Redfearn
- Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Satish Toal
- Horizon Health Network, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Giuliano Becker
- Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Eugene Crystal
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stanley Tung
- St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John LeMaitre
- Royal Columbian Hospital, New Westminster, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Omar Sultan
- Regina General Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Matthew Bennett
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jamil Bashir
- St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Felix Ayala-Paredes
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CHUS), Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Leon Rioux
- Centre de santé et de services sociaux de Rimouski-Neigette (CSSSRN), Rimouski, Quebec, Canada
| | - Martin E W Hemels
- Ziekenhuis Rijnstate, Arnhem, and Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Derek V Exner
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Paul Dorian
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Division of Cardiology, St. Michael Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stuart J Connolly
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew D Krahn
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Reddy VY, Exner DV, Doshi R, Tomassoni G, Bunch TJ, Estes NAM, Neužil P, Paulin FL, Garcia Guerrero JJ, Cantillon DJ. Primary Results on Safety and Efficacy From the LEADLESS II-Phase 2 Worldwide Clinical Trial. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2021; 8:115-117. [PMID: 34863657 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Chew DS, Jones KA, Loring Z, Black-Maier E, Noseworthy PA, Exner DV, Packer DL, Grant J, Mark DB, Piccini JP. Diagnosis-to-ablation time predicts recurrent atrial fibrillation and rehospitalization following catheter ablation. Heart Rhythm O2 2021; 3:23-31. [PMID: 35243432 PMCID: PMC8859793 DOI: 10.1016/j.hroo.2021.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Buck BH, Hill MD, Exner DV. Implantable vs Prolonged External Electrocardiographic Monitoring for Atrial Fibrillation Detection in Patients With Ischemic Stroke-Reply. JAMA 2021; 326:1439-1440. [PMID: 34636863 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2021.13490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian H Buck
- Division of Neurology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Michael D Hill
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Derek V Exner
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Yee R, Karim SS, Bashir J, Bennett MT, Exner DV, Guerra PG, Healey JS, Korkola S, Manlucu J, Parkash R, Philippon F, Rinne C. Canadian Heart Rhythm Society Task Force Report on Physician Training and Maintenance of Competency for Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device Therapies: Executive Summary. Can J Cardiol 2021; 37:1857-1860. [PMID: 34571165 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2021.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Physicians engaged in cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED)-related practice come from diverse training backgrounds with variable degrees of CIED implant training. The objective of the Canadian Heart Rhythm Society Task Force on CIED Implant Training was to establish a common structure and content for training programs in CIED implantation, related activities and maintenance of competency. This executive summary presents the essence of the report with key recommendations included, with the complete version made available in a linked supplement. The goals are to ensure that future generations of CIED implanters are better prepared for continuously evolving CIED practice and quality care for all Canadians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Yee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Shahzad S Karim
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jamil Bashir
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Matthew T Bennett
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Derek V Exner
- Division of Cardiac Sciences, Cardiology Section, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Peter G Guerra
- Division de Cardiologie, Departement de Medicine, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jeff S Healey
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen Korkola
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Saskatchewan, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Jaimie Manlucu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ratika Parkash
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Francois Philippon
- Division de Cardiologie, Departement de Medicine, Universite Laval, Ville de Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Claus Rinne
- St. Mary's Regional Cardiac Care Centre, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
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Bourne KM, Sheldon RS, Hall J, Lloyd M, Kogut K, Sheikh N, Jorge J, Ng J, Exner DV, Tyberg JV, Raj SR. Compression Garment Reduces Orthostatic Tachycardia and Symptoms in Patients With Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021; 77:285-296. [PMID: 33478652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a chronic form of orthostatic intolerance associated with a significant symptom burden. Compression garments are a frequently prescribed treatment, but the effectiveness of waist-high compression has not been evaluated in adults with POTS. OBJECTIVES This study evaluated compression garments as a treatment for POTS using a head-up tilt test (HUT), and a noninflatable core and lower body compression garment. METHODS Thirty participants completed 10-min HUT with each of 4 compression conditions in a randomized crossover design. The conditions were no compression (NONE), lower leg compression (LEG), abdominal/thigh compression (ABDO), and full abdominal/leg compression (FULL). Heart rate, beat-to-beat blood pressure, and Vanderbilt Orthostatic Symptom Score ratings were measured during each HUT. RESULTS The compression garment reduced heart rate (NONE: 109 ± 19 beats/min; LEG: 103 ± 16 beats/min; ABDO: 97 ± 15 beats/min; FULL: 92 ± 14 beats/min; p < 0.001) and improved symptoms (p < 0.001) during HUT in a dose-dependent manner. During HUT, stroke volume and systolic blood pressure were better maintained with FULL and ABDO compression compared with LEG and NONE compression. CONCLUSIONS Abdominal and lower body compression reduced heart rate and improved symptoms during HUT in adult patients with POTS. These effects were driven by improved stroke volume with compression. Abdominal compression alone might also provide a clinical benefit if full lower body compression is not well tolerated. (Hemodynamic Effects of Compression in POTS; NCT03484273).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate M Bourne
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Robert S Sheldon
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Juliette Hall
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Matthew Lloyd
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Karolina Kogut
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nasia Sheikh
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Juliana Jorge
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jessica Ng
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Derek V Exner
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - John V Tyberg
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Satish R Raj
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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Rennert-May E, Raj SR, Leal J, Exner DV, Manns BJ, Chew DS. Economic evaluation of an absorbable antibiotic envelope for prevention of cardiac implantable electronic device infection. Europace 2021; 23:767-774. [PMID: 33554239 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euaa291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Recent evidence suggests that an antibiotic impregnated envelope inserted at time of cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) implantation may reduce risk of subsequent CIED infection compared with standard of care (SoC). The objective of the current work was to perform a cost-effectiveness analysis comparing an antibiotic impregnated envelope with SoC at time of CIED insertion. METHODS AND RESULTS Decision analytic models were used to project healthcare costs and benefits of two strategies, an antibiotic impregnated envelope plus SoC (Env+SoC) vs. SoC alone, in a cohort of patients undergoing CIED implantation over a 1-year time horizon. Evidence from published literature informed the model inputs. Probabilistic and deterministic sensitivity analyses were performed. The primary outcome was the incremental cost per infection prevented, assessed from the Canadian healthcare system perspective. Envelope plus SoC was associated with fewer CIED infection (7 CIED infections/1000 patients) at higher total costs ($29 033 000/1000 patients) compared with SoC (11 CIED infections and $27 926 000/1000 patients). The incremental cost per infection prevented over 1 year was $274 416. Use of Env+SoC was cost saving only when baseline CIED infection risk was increased to 6% (vs. base case of 1.2%). CONCLUSIONS A strategy of Env+SoC was not economically favourable compared with SoC alone, and the opportunity cost of widescale implementation should be considered. Future work is required to develop validated risk stratification tools to identify patients at greatest risk of CIED infection. The value proposition of Env+SoC improves when applying this intervention to patients at greatest infection risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissa Rennert-May
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Satish R Raj
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jenine Leal
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Derek V Exner
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Braden J Manns
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Derek S Chew
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, 200 Morris Street, Durham, NC 27701, USA
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Neuzil P, Cooper N, Manyam H, Paul Delnoy P, Exner DV, Victorine K, Strang T, Badie N, Wong T. B-PO03-040 HELIX FIXATION RESISTS DISLODGEMENT YET FACILITATES EXPLANTATION IN LEADLESS PACEMAKERS. Heart Rhythm 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2021.06.516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Buck BH, Hill MD, Quinn FR, Butcher KS, Menon BK, Gulamhusein S, Siddiqui M, Coutts SB, Jeerakathil T, Smith EE, Khan K, Barber PA, Jickling G, Reyes L, Save S, Fairall P, Piquette L, Kamal N, Chew DS, Demchuk AM, Shuaib A, Exner DV. Effect of Implantable vs Prolonged External Electrocardiographic Monitoring on Atrial Fibrillation Detection in Patients With Ischemic Stroke: The PER DIEM Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 2021; 325:2160-2168. [PMID: 34061146 PMCID: PMC8170545 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2021.6128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The relative rates of detection of atrial fibrillation (AF) or atrial flutter from evaluating patients with prolonged electrocardiographic monitoring with an external loop recorder or implantable loop recorder after an ischemic stroke are unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine, in patients with a recent ischemic stroke, whether 12 months of implantable loop recorder monitoring detects more occurrences of AF compared with conventional external loop recorder monitoring for 30 days. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Investigator-initiated, open-label, randomized clinical trial conducted at 2 university hospitals and 1 community hospital in Alberta, Canada, including 300 patients within 6 months of ischemic stroke and without known AF from May 2015 through November 2017; final follow-up was in December 2018. INTERVENTIONS Participants were randomly assigned 1:1 to prolonged electrocardiographic monitoring with either an implantable loop recorder (n = 150) or an external loop recorder (n = 150) with follow-up visits at 30 days, 6 months, and 12 months. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was the development of definite AF or highly probable AF (adjudicated new AF lasting ≥2 minutes within 12 months of randomization). There were 8 prespecified secondary outcomes including time to event analysis of new AF, recurrent ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, death, and device-related serious adverse events within 12 months. RESULTS Among the 300 patients who were randomized (median age, 64.1 years [interquartile range, 56.1 to 73.7 years]; 121 were women [40.3%]; and 66.3% had a stroke of undetermined etiology with a median CHA2DS2-VASc [congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75 years, diabetes, stroke or transient ischemic attack, vascular disease, age 65 to 74 years, sex category] score of 4 [interquartile range, 3 to 5]), 273 (91.0%) completed cardiac monitoring lasting 24 hours or longer and 259 (86.3%) completed both the assigned monitoring and 12-month follow-up visit. The primary outcome was observed in 15.3% (23/150) of patients in the implantable loop recorder group and 4.7% (7/150) of patients in the external loop recorder group (between-group difference, 10.7% [95% CI, 4.0% to 17.3%]; risk ratio, 3.29 [95% CI, 1.45 to 7.42]; P = .003). Of the 8 specified secondary outcomes, 6 were not significantly different. There were 5 patients (3.3%) in the implantable loop recorder group who had recurrent ischemic stroke vs 8 patients (5.3%) in the external loop recorder group (between-group difference, -2.0% [95% CI, -6.6% to 2.6%]), 1 (0.7%) vs 1 (0.7%), respectively, who had intracerebral hemorrhage (between-group difference, 0% [95% CI, -1.8% to 1.8%]), 3 (2.0%) vs 3 (2.0%) who died (between-group difference, 0% [95% CI, -3.2% to 3.2%]), and 1 (0.7%) vs 0 (0%) who had device-related serious adverse events. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among patients with ischemic stroke and no prior evidence of AF, implantable electrocardiographic monitoring for 12 months, compared with prolonged external monitoring for 30 days, resulted in a significantly greater proportion of patients with AF detected over 12 months. Further research is needed to compare clinical outcomes associated with these monitoring strategies and relative cost-effectiveness. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02428140.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian H. Buck
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Michael D. Hill
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Radiology, Medicine, and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - F. Russell Quinn
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ken S. Butcher
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Bijoy K. Menon
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Radiology, Medicine, and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sajad Gulamhusein
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Muzaffar Siddiqui
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Shelagh B. Coutts
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Radiology, Medicine, and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Thomas Jeerakathil
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Eric E. Smith
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Radiology, Medicine, and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Khurshid Khan
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Phillip A. Barber
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Radiology, Medicine, and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Glen Jickling
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Lucy Reyes
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Supriya Save
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Radiology, Medicine, and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Paige Fairall
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Lori Piquette
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Noreen Kamal
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Radiology, Medicine, and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Derek S. Chew
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andrew M. Demchuk
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Radiology, Medicine, and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ashfaq Shuaib
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Derek V. Exner
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Sheikh NA, Ranada S, Kogut K, Bourne KM, Lei LY, Sheldon RS, Exner DV, Phillips AA, Runte M, Raj SR. Exploring the Refractory Period of an Active Stand in Females With Initial Orthostatic Hypotension. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021; 77:3228-3229. [PMID: 34167648 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.04.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Arcinas LA, Chew DS, Seifer CM, Baranchuk A, Supel I, Exner DV, Boles U, McIntyre WF. Predictors of appropriate shock after generator replacement in patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2021; 44:911-918. [PMID: 33826179 DOI: 10.1111/pace.14236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) are indicated for the primary prevention of sudden cardiac death in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). The ongoing risk/benefit profile of an ICD at generator replacement is unknown. This study aimed to identify predictors of appropriate ICD shocks and therapies after first ICD generator replacement, and its procedure-related complications. METHODS We conducted a multicenter, retrospective cohort study including patients with primary prevention ICDs who underwent generator replacement between April 2005 and July 2015 at three Canadian centers. The primary and secondary outcomes were appropriate ICD shock and any appropriate ICD therapy, respectively. Procedure-related complication rates were also reported. RESULTS Of the 219 patients in the cohort, 61 (28%) experienced an appropriate shock while 40 (18%) experienced appropriate antitachycardia pacing over a median follow up of 2.2 years. Independent predictors of appropriate ICD shocks included: LVEF at time of replacement (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.4 per 10% increase in LVEF, P < .001), a history of appropriate ICD shocks prior to replacement (OR 4.9, P < .001), and a history of inappropriate ICD shocks (OR 4.2, 95%, P < .002). Similar predictors were identified for the secondary outcome of any appropriate ICD therapy. Device-related complications were reported in 25 (11%) patients, with 1 (0.5%) resulting in death, 14 (6.3%) requiring site re-operation, and 6 (2.7%) requiring cardiac surgical management. CONCLUSION Not all primary prevention ICD patients undergoing generator replacement will require appropriate device therapies afterwards. Generator replacement is associated with several risks that should be weighed against its anticipated benefit. A comprehensive assessment of the risk-benefit profile of patients undergoing generator replacement is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liane A Arcinas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Derek S Chew
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Colette M Seifer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Adrian Baranchuk
- Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Izabella Supel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Derek V Exner
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Usama Boles
- Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - William F McIntyre
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Chew DS, Loring Z, Anand J, Fudim M, Lowenstern A, Rymer JA, Weimer KED, Atwater BD, DeVore AD, Exner DV, Noseworthy PA, Yancy CW, Mark DB, Piccini JP. Economic Evaluation of Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2020; 13:e007094. [PMID: 33280436 DOI: 10.1161/circoutcomes.120.007094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction may improve survival and other cardiovascular outcomes. METHODS We constructed a decision-analytic Markov model to estimate the costs and benefits of catheter ablation and medical management in patients with symptomatic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (left ventricular ejection fraction ≤35%) and atrial fibrillation over a lifetime horizon. Evidence from the published literature informed the model inputs, including clinical effectiveness data from meta-analyses. Probabilistic and deterministic sensitivity analyses were performed. A 3% discount rate was applied to both future costs and benefits. The primary outcome was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio assessed from the US health care sector perspective. RESULTS Catheter ablation was associated with 6.47 (95% CI, 5.89-6.93) quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and a total cost of $105 657 (95% CI, $55 311-$191 934; 2018 US dollars), compared with 5.30 (95% CI, 5.20-5.39) QALYs and $63 040 (95% CI, $37 624-$102 260) for medical management. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for catheter ablation compared with medical management was $38 496 (95% CI, $5583-$117 510) per QALY gained. Model inputs with the greatest variation on incremental cost-effectiveness ratio estimates were the cost of ablation and the effect of catheter ablation on mortality reduction. When assuming a more conservative estimate of the treatment effect of catheter ablation on mortality (hazard ratio of 0.86), the estimated incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was $74 403 per QALY gained. At a willingness-to-pay threshold of $100 000 per QALY gained, atrial fibrillation ablation was found to be economically favorable compared with medical management in 95% of simulations. CONCLUSIONS Catheter ablation in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction patients and atrial fibrillation may be considered economically attractive at current benchmarks for societal willingness-to-pay in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek S Chew
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.S.C., Z.L., M.F., A.L., J.A.R., A.D.D., D.B.M., J.P.P.)
| | - Zak Loring
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.S.C., Z.L., M.F., A.L., J.A.R., A.D.D., D.B.M., J.P.P.).,Division of Cardiology (Z.L., M.F., A.L., J.A.R., B.D.A., A.D.D., D.B.M., J.P.P.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Jatin Anand
- Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery (J.A.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Marat Fudim
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.S.C., Z.L., M.F., A.L., J.A.R., A.D.D., D.B.M., J.P.P.).,Division of Cardiology (Z.L., M.F., A.L., J.A.R., B.D.A., A.D.D., D.B.M., J.P.P.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Angela Lowenstern
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.S.C., Z.L., M.F., A.L., J.A.R., A.D.D., D.B.M., J.P.P.).,Division of Cardiology (Z.L., M.F., A.L., J.A.R., B.D.A., A.D.D., D.B.M., J.P.P.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Jennifer A Rymer
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.S.C., Z.L., M.F., A.L., J.A.R., A.D.D., D.B.M., J.P.P.).,Division of Cardiology (Z.L., M.F., A.L., J.A.R., B.D.A., A.D.D., D.B.M., J.P.P.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Kristin E D Weimer
- Department of Pediatrics (K.E.D.W.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Brett D Atwater
- Division of Cardiology (Z.L., M.F., A.L., J.A.R., B.D.A., A.D.D., D.B.M., J.P.P.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Adam D DeVore
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.S.C., Z.L., M.F., A.L., J.A.R., A.D.D., D.B.M., J.P.P.).,Division of Cardiology (Z.L., M.F., A.L., J.A.R., B.D.A., A.D.D., D.B.M., J.P.P.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Derek V Exner
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada (D.V.E.)
| | - Peter A Noseworthy
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (P.A.N.)
| | - Clyde W Yancy
- Division of Cardiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (C.W.Y.)
| | - Daniel B Mark
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.S.C., Z.L., M.F., A.L., J.A.R., A.D.D., D.B.M., J.P.P.).,Division of Cardiology (Z.L., M.F., A.L., J.A.R., B.D.A., A.D.D., D.B.M., J.P.P.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Jonathan P Piccini
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.S.C., Z.L., M.F., A.L., J.A.R., A.D.D., D.B.M., J.P.P.).,Division of Cardiology (Z.L., M.F., A.L., J.A.R., B.D.A., A.D.D., D.B.M., J.P.P.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
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Chew DS, Rennert-May E, Quinn FR, Buck B, Hill MD, Spackman E, Manns BJ, Exner DV. Economic evaluation of extended electrocardiogram monitoring for atrial fibrillation in patients with cryptogenic stroke. Int J Stroke 2020; 16:809-817. [PMID: 33232196 DOI: 10.1177/1747493020974561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Timely identification of occult atrial fibrillation following cryptogenic stroke facilitates consideration of oral anticoagulation therapy. Extended electrocardiography monitoring beyond 24 to 48 h Holter monitoring improves atrial fibrillation detection rates, yet uncertainty remains due to upfront costs and the projected long-term benefit. We sought to determine the cost-effectiveness of three electrocardiography monitoring strategies in detecting atrial fibrillation after cryptogenic stroke. METHODS A decision-analytic Markov model was used to project the costs and outcomes of three different electrocardiography monitoring strategies (i.e. 30-day electrocardiography monitoring, three-year implantable loop recorder monitoring, and conventional Holter monitoring) in acute stroke survivors without previously documented atrial fibrillation. RESULTS The lifetime discounted costs and quality-adjusted life years were $206,385 and 7.77 quality-adjusted life years for conventional monitoring, $207,080 and 7.79 quality-adjusted life years for 30-day extended electrocardiography monitoring, and $210,728 and 7.88 quality-adjusted life years for the implantable loop recorder strategy. Additional quality-adjusted life years could be attained at a more favorable incremental cost per quality-adjusted life year with the implantable loop recorder strategy, compared with the 30-day electrocardiography monitoring strategy, thereby eliminating the 30-day strategy by extended dominance. The implantable loop recorder strategy was associated with an incremental cost per quality-adjusted life year gained of $40,796 compared with conventional monitoring. One-way sensitivity analyses indicated that the model was most sensitive to the rate of recurrent ischemic stroke. CONCLUSIONS An implantable loop recorder strategy for detection of occult atrial fibrillation in patients with cryptogenic stroke is more economically attractive than 30-day electrocardiography monitoring compared to conventional monitoring and is associated with a cost per quality-adjusted life year gained in the range of other publicly funded therapies. The value proposition is improved when considering patients at the highest risk of recurrent ischemic stroke. However, the implantable loop recorder strategy is associated with increased health care costs, and the opportunity cost of wide scale implementation must be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek S Chew
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Elissa Rennert-May
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - F Russell Quinn
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Brian Buck
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael D Hill
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Eldon Spackman
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Braden J Manns
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Derek V Exner
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Chew DS, Rennert-May E, Spackman E, Mark DB, Exner DV. Cost-Effectiveness of Extended Electrocardiogram Monitoring for Atrial Fibrillation After Stroke. Stroke 2020; 51:2244-2248. [DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.120.029340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose:
Management of cryptogenic stroke involves the identification of modifiable risk factors, such as atrial fibrillation (AF). Extended rhythm monitoring increases AF detection rates but at an increased device cost compared with conventional Holter monitoring. The objective of the study was to identify and synthesize the existing literature on the cost-effectiveness of prolonged rhythm monitoring devices for AF detection in cryptogenic stroke.
Methods:
We conducted a systematic review of available economic evaluations of prolonged ECG monitoring for AF detection following cryptogenic stroke compared with standard care.
Results:
Of the 530 unique citations, 8 studies assessed the cost-utility of prolonged ECG monitoring compared with standard care following cryptogenic stroke. The prolonged ECG monitoring strategies included 7-day ambulatory monitoring, 30-day external loop recorders or intermittent ECG monitoring, and implantable loop recorders. The majority of cost-utility analyses reported incremental cost-effectiveness ratios below $50 000 per QALY gained; and two studies reported a cost-savings.
Conclusions:
There is limited economic literature on the cost-effectiveness of extended ECG monitoring devices for detection of atrial fibrillation in cryptogenic stroke. In patients with cryptogenic stroke, extended ECG monitoring for AF detection may be economically attractive when traditional willingness-to-pay thresholds are adopted. However, there was substantial variation in the reported ICERs. The direct comparison of cost-effectiveness across technologies is limited by heterogeneity in modeling assumptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek S. Chew
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (D.S.C., D.V.E.), University of Calgary, Canada
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.S.C., D.B.M.)
| | - Elissa Rennert-May
- Department of Community Health Sciences (E.R.-M., E.S., D.V.E.), University of Calgary, Canada
- Department of Medicine (E.R.-M.), University of Calgary, Canada
- O’Brien Institute for Public Health (E.R.-M., E.S.), University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Eldon Spackman
- Department of Community Health Sciences (E.R.-M., E.S., D.V.E.), University of Calgary, Canada
- O’Brien Institute for Public Health (E.R.-M., E.S.), University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Daniel B. Mark
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.S.C., D.B.M.)
| | - Derek V. Exner
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (D.S.C., D.V.E.), University of Calgary, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences (E.R.-M., E.S., D.V.E.), University of Calgary, Canada
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Ng J, Sears SF, Exner DV, Reyes L, Cravetchi X, Cassidy P, Morton J, Lohrenz C, Low A, Sandhu RK, Sheldon RS, Raj SR. Age, Sex, and Remote Monitoring Differences in Device Acceptance for Patients With Implanted Cardioverter Defibrillators in Canada. CJC Open 2020; 2:483-489. [PMID: 33305207 PMCID: PMC7710939 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjco.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) acceptance and shock anxiety are issues that clinicians should address to improve quality of life among device recipients. Previous findings have indicated that younger patients experience poorer device adjustment. The purpose of this study was to examine age and ICD-specific quality-of-life outcomes in a large sample of Canadian ICD patients. We tested the hypothesis that patient age is related to device acceptance and shock anxiety in an Alberta (Canada) ICD population. Methods The Florida Patient Acceptance Survey (FPAS) and Florida Shock Acceptance Survey (FSAS) were completed by ICD patients attending the Cardiac Implantable Electrical Device Clinics in Alberta. The population was dichotomized into those aged ≤ 65 years (younger) and those aged > 65 years (older). Sex, ICD shock history, and remote monitoring use were also examined. Results Surveys were completed by 126 younger (53 ± 11 years; 79% male) and 216 older (74 ± 6 years; 85% male) patients. Younger, compared with older, patients had greater device-related distress (P < 0.001) and more body-image concerns (P < 0.001), but no differences in return to function or positive appraisal. Younger patients reported lower total device acceptance (P = 0.001) and greater total shock anxiety (P < 0.001) compared with older patients. Conclusions ICD patients aged ≤ 65 years reported poorer device acceptance and greater shock anxiety than older patients. Younger patients may require targeted interventions addressing adjustment to the ICD, and impact of the ICD on body image. Moreover, education about the relatively low probability of shocks may alleviate shock anxiety in younger patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Ng
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Samuel F Sears
- Departments of Psychology and Cardiovascular Sciences, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Derek V Exner
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lucy Reyes
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Xenia Cravetchi
- Division of Cardiology, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - James Morton
- Alberta Health Services, Red Deer, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Aaron Low
- Alberta Health Services, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Roopinder K Sandhu
- Division of Cardiology, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Robert S Sheldon
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Satish R Raj
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Chew DS, Black-Maier E, Loring Z, Noseworthy PA, Packer DL, Exner DV, Mark DB, Piccini JP. Diagnosis-to-Ablation Time and Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation Following Catheter Ablation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2020; 13:e008128. [PMID: 32191539 DOI: 10.1161/circep.119.008128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal timing of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) in reference to the time of diagnosis is unknown. We sought to assess the impact of the duration between first diagnosis of AF and ablation, or diagnosis-to-ablation time (DAT), on AF recurrence following catheter ablation. METHODS We conducted a systematic electronic search for observational studies reporting the outcomes associated with catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation stratified by diagnosis-to-ablation time. The primary meta-analysis using a random effects model assessed AF recurrence stratified by DAT ≤1 year versus >1 year. A secondary analysis assessed outcomes stratified by DAT ≤3 years versus >3 years. RESULTS Of the 632 screened studies, 6 studies met inclusion criteria for a total of 4950 participants undergoing AF ablation for symptomatic AF. A shorter DAT ≤1 year was associated with a lower relative risk of AF recurrence compared with DAT >1 year (relative risk, 0.73 [95% CI, 0.65-0.82]; P<0.001). Heterogeneity was moderate (I2=51%). When excluding the one study consisting of only patients with persistent AF, the heterogeneity improved substantially (I2=0%, Cochran's Q P=0.55) with a similar estimate of effect (relative risk, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.71-0.85]; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Shorter duration between time of first AF diagnosis and AF ablation is associated with an increased likelihood of ablation procedural success. Additional study is required to confirm these results and to explore implementation of earlier catheter AF ablation and patient outcomes within the current AF care pathway. Visual Overview A visual overview is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek S Chew
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.S.C., E.B.-M., Z.L., D.B.M., J.P.P.)
| | - Eric Black-Maier
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.S.C., E.B.-M., Z.L., D.B.M., J.P.P.)
| | - Zak Loring
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.S.C., E.B.-M., Z.L., D.B.M., J.P.P.)
| | - Peter A Noseworthy
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (P.A.N., D.L.P.)
| | - Douglas L Packer
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (P.A.N., D.L.P.)
| | - Derek V Exner
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Canada (D.V.E.)
| | - Daniel B Mark
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.S.C., E.B.-M., Z.L., D.B.M., J.P.P.)
| | - Jonathan P Piccini
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC (D.S.C., E.B.-M., Z.L., D.B.M., J.P.P.)
- Duke Center for Atrial Fibrillation, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (J.P.P.)
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Bernier R, Ng J, Tran DT, Lockwood E, Reyes L, Cowan K, Fine NM, Ezekowitz J, Exner DV, Raj SR, Sandhu RK. A Population-Based Study of Device Eligibility, Use, and Reasons for Nonimplantation in Patients at Heart Function Clinics. CJC Open 2020; 1:173-181. [PMID: 32159104 PMCID: PMC7063657 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjco.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy is lifesaving; however, real-world data regarding the proportion of patients eligible for a primary prevention ICD and subsequent use remain sparse. This study evaluated rates of primary prevention ICD eligibility and use among patients in heart function clinics (HFCs) and to identify reasons for nonimplantation. Methods A retrospective study was performed of patients seen at HFCs in Alberta, Canada, from 2013 to 2015. Demographics, comorbidities, clinical indications, and reasons for nonimplantation were abstracted. Eligibility was defined according to the 2008 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association/Heart Rhythm Society ICD, 2012 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association/Heart Rhythm Society Focused Update, and 2013 Canadian Cardiovascular Society Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy guidelines. Logistic regression was used to calculate an odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for predictors of nonimplantation. Results Among 1239 patients in HFCs, the median age was 70 years (interquartile range, 59-80), 67% were male, and the median left ventricular ejection fraction was 0.40 (interquartile range, 0.28-0.53). Overall, 45% of patients (n = 553) met guideline criteria for an ICD, and of those, 36% (n = 198) received a device. Among device nonrecipients, 52% (n = 185) had no documented reason for nonimplantation. The most common reason for nonimplantation among nonrecipients was patient preference (48%). Predictors associated with nonimplantation were age more than 75 years (OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.31-2.82) and history of cancer (OR, 2.26; 95% CI, 1.07-4.78). At 3 years follow-up, 27% of nonrecipients were deceased. Conclusions We found that one-third of patients who met guideline criteria received an ICD and that documentation for nonimplantation was poor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rochelle Bernier
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Division of Cardiology, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jessica Ng
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Dat T Tran
- Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Evan Lockwood
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Division of Cardiology, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lucy Reyes
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Karen Cowan
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nowell M Fine
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Justin Ezekowitz
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Division of Cardiology, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Derek V Exner
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Satish R Raj
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Roopinder K Sandhu
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Division of Cardiology, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Miller RJH, Tan Z, James MT, Exner DV, Southern DA, Har BJ, Wilton SB. Prognosis and Natural History of Conduction System Disease in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography. Can J Cardiol 2019; 36:1261-1268. [PMID: 32544489 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2019.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infranodal conduction abnormalities, including right or left bundle branch block bifascicular block, and nonspecific intraventricular conduction block are common electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities with uncertain persistence and prognostic significance. We evaluated their trajectory and prognostic significance in patients undergoing coronary angiography. METHODS We linked an institutional ECG repository with the provincial coronary angiography registry and administrative databases. We included patients without severe left ventricular dysfunction who had an ECG within 180 days of angiography. Multivariable Cox models were used to assess associations between conduction abnormalities and a composite outcome, including all-cause mortality, heart failure hospitalizations, placement of a permanent pacemaker, and placement of an implantable cardiac defibrillator or cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator. Serial ECGs were used to model conduction disease as a time-dependent repeated measure. RESULTS We included 10,786 patients (mean age, 62.3 ± 12.4 years; 70.3% were male), of whom 2530 (23.4%) had baseline conduction abnormality. During a median follow-up of 3.5 years, conduction normalized in 885 patients (34.9%) and the composite outcome occurred in 1541 patients (14.3%). After multivariable adjustment, intraventricular conduction block (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.42; P = 0.001) and bifascicular block (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.59; P = 0.003) were associated with increased risk of the composite outcome. Left bundle branch block was not associated with the composite outcome. CONCLUSIONS Regression of conduction abnormalities was frequent among patients undergoing coronary angiography, primarily for suspected acute coronary syndrome. After adjustment for important confounders including extent of coronary artery disease, infranodal conduction abnormalities were associated with a modest increase in cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J H Miller
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Zhi Tan
- Department of Medicine, Department of Community Health Sciences, O'Brien Institute for Public Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Matthew T James
- Department of Medicine, Department of Community Health Sciences, O'Brien Institute for Public Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Derek V Exner
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Danielle A Southern
- Department of Medicine, Department of Community Health Sciences, O'Brien Institute for Public Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Bryan J Har
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medicine, Department of Community Health Sciences, O'Brien Institute for Public Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Stephen B Wilton
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medicine, Department of Community Health Sciences, O'Brien Institute for Public Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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Krahn AD, Longtin Y, Philippon F, Birnie DH, Manlucu J, Angaran P, Rinne C, Coutu B, Low RA, Essebag V, Morillo C, Redfearn D, Toal S, Becker G, Degrâce M, Thibault B, Crystal E, Tung S, LeMaitre J, Sultan O, Bennett M, Bashir J, Ayala-Paredes F, Gervais P, Rioux L, Hemels MEW, Bouwels LHR, van Vlies B, Wang J, Exner DV, Dorian P, Parkash R, Alings M, Connolly SJ. Prevention of Arrhythmia Device Infection Trial: The PADIT Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019; 72:3098-3109. [PMID: 30545448 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.09.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infection of implanted medical devices has catastrophic consequences. For cardiac rhythm devices, pre-procedural cefazolin is standard prophylaxis but does not protect against methicillin-resistant gram-positive organisms, which are common pathogens in device infections. OBJECTIVE This study tested the clinical effectiveness of incremental perioperative antibiotics to reduce device infection. METHODS The authors performed a cluster randomized crossover trial with 4 randomly assigned 6-month periods, during which centers used either conventional or incremental periprocedural antibiotics for all cardiac implantable electronic device procedures as standard procedure. Conventional treatment was pre-procedural cefazolin infusion. Incremental treatment was pre-procedural cefazolin plus vancomycin, intraprocedural bacitracin pocket wash, and 2-day post-procedural oral cephalexin. The primary outcome was 1-year hospitalization for device infection in the high-risk group, analyzed by hierarchical logistic regression modeling, adjusting for random cluster and cluster-period effects. RESULTS Device procedures were performed in 28 centers in 19,603 patients, of whom 12,842 were high risk. Infection occurred in 99 patients (1.03%) receiving conventional treatment, and in 78 (0.78%) receiving incremental treatment (odds ratio: 0.77; 95% confidence interval: 0.56 to 1.05; p = 0.10). In high-risk patients, hospitalization for infection occurred in 77 patients (1.23%) receiving conventional antibiotics and in 66 (1.01%) receiving incremental antibiotics (odds ratio: 0.82; 95% confidence interval: 0.59 to 1.15; p = 0.26). Subgroup analysis did not identify relevant patient or site characteristics with significant benefit from incremental therapy. CONCLUSIONS The cluster crossover design efficiently tested clinical effectiveness of incremental antibiotics to reduce device infection. Device infection rates were low. The observed difference in infection rates was not statistically significant. (Prevention of Arrhythmia Device Infection Trial [PADIT Pilot] [PADIT]; NCT01002911).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Krahn
- Division of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Yves Longtin
- Jewish General Hospital Sir Mortimer B. Davis, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - François Philippon
- Division of Cardiology, Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - David H Birnie
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jaimie Manlucu
- Division of Cardiology, Lawson Health Research Institute, London Health Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul Angaran
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Division of Cardiology, St. Michael Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Claus Rinne
- Division of Cardiology, St. Mary's General Hospital, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benoit Coutu
- Division of Cardiology, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - R Aaron Low
- Division of Cardiology, Chinook Regional Hospital, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Vidal Essebag
- Division of Cardiology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Carlos Morillo
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Damian Redfearn
- Division of Cardiology, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Satish Toal
- Horizon Health Network, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Giuliano Becker
- Division of Cardiology, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michel Degrâce
- Division of Cardiology, Hôtel-Dieu de Lévis, Levis, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bernard Thibault
- Division of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eugene Crystal
- Division of Cardiology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stanley Tung
- Division of Cardiology, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John LeMaitre
- Division of Cardiology, Royal Columbian Hospital, New Westminster, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Omar Sultan
- Division of Cardiology, Regina General Hospital, Saskatchewan Health Authority, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Matthew Bennett
- Division of Cardiology, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jamil Bashir
- Division of Cardiology, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Felix Ayala-Paredes
- Division of Cardiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CHUS), Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Philippe Gervais
- Division of Cardiology, Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Leon Rioux
- Division of Cardiology, Centre de santé et de services sociaux de Rimouski-Neigette (CSSSRN), Rimouski, Quebec, Canada
| | - Martin E W Hemels
- Division of Cardiology, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, and Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Leon H R Bouwels
- Division of Cardiology, Canisius Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Bob van Vlies
- Division of Cardiology, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem, the Netherlands
| | - Jia Wang
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Derek V Exner
- Division of Cardiology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Paul Dorian
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Division of Cardiology, St. Michael Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ratika Parkash
- Division of Cardiology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Science Center, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Marco Alings
- Division of Cardiology, Amphia Ziekenhuis & Working Group on Cardiovascular Research The Netherlands (WCN), Breda, the Netherlands
| | - Stuart J Connolly
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Ng J, Sheldon RS, Maxey C, Ritchie D, Raj V, Exner DV, Raj SR. Quality of life improves in vasovagal syncope patients after clinical trial enrollment regardless of fainting in follow-up. Auton Neurosci 2019; 219:42-48. [PMID: 31122600 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frequent syncope is linked to poorer health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Recurrent syncope has been observed to reduce in all groups after seeing a syncope expert and enrolling in a clinical trial. It is unknown if HRQoL improves with this reduction in syncope recurrence. OBJECTIVES We examined the change in HRQoL over time in vasovagal syncope (VVS) patients seen by a syncope expert and enrolled in a trial. We also explored whether change differed with treatment or the frequency of fainting during follow up. METHODS The Short Form Health Survey (SF36) was completed at baseline (BL), 6 m, and 12 m post-enrollment by VVS patients in the 1st and 2nd Prevention of Syncope Trials, which were multi-centered, randomized, placebo-controlled trials of metoprolol (POST) and fludrocortisone (POST2). Differences in HRQoL at BL, 6 m, and 12 m were analyzed and compared by faints in follow-up and randomization group. RESULTS Complete study data were available for 143 VVS patients (40 ± 17 years, 62% F). Over 12 months, patients reported improvement in all SF36 dimensions except for bodily pain. Post hoc analyses indicated that differences first occurred between BL and 6 m for all but general health. Fainting in follow-up or drug randomization group did not diminish the improvements. The baseline syncope burden was not different whether patients' HRQoL improved or not. CONCLUSION HRQoL of VVS patients improves over time after enrolling in a clinical trial, even with recurrent faints or randomization to placebo. Improvements may result from alternative factors, such as interaction with experts or patient adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Ng
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Robert S Sheldon
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Connor Maxey
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Debbie Ritchie
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Vidya Raj
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Derek V Exner
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Satish R Raj
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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Bernier R, Al-Shehri M, Raj SR, Reyes L, Lockwood E, Gulamhusein S, Williams R, Valtuille L, Sivakumaran S, Hruczkowski T, Kimber S, Exner DV, Sandhu RK. A Population-Based Study of Adherence to Guideline Recommendations and Appropriate-Use Criteria for Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators. Can J Cardiol 2018; 34:1677-1681. [PMID: 30527158 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2018.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies evaluating physician adherence to guideline recommendations for implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy are sparse, and none exist for the application of appropriate-use criteria (AUC) in clinical practice. As part of a quality improvement initiative, a review of all ICD procedures was performed from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2016 in Alberta, Canada, to evaluate the proportion of patients receiving appropriate ICD therapy and to identify reasons for nonadherence. Our device-implant process involves an electrophysiologist or implanting cardiologist evaluation, reminders of ICD eligibility criteria on the device requisition, and peer-review consensus. Implants were classified according to the 2008 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association/Heart Rhythm Society (ACC/AHA/HRS) ICD guidelines, 2013 Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) guidelines, and 2013 AUC. There were 1,300 ICD procedures performed, and the mean age was 63.8 ± 12.9 years; 79% were male; the mean ejection fraction was 0.32 ± 0.13, and 69% were for primary prevention. Among all implants, < 1% were discordant with American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association/Heart Rhythm Society (ACC/AHA/HRS) recommendations. Among CRT implants, 10% were inconsistent with Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) recommendations. According to AUC, 92% of implants were appropriate. Reasons for nonadherence to ACC/AHA/HRS recommendations included QRS width < 120 msec (n = 3), LVEF > 0.35 (n = 2) and recent myocardial infarction (MI) (n = 1). The most common reason for nonadherence to AUC was the absence of criteria for classification (n = 57, 4%). In this population-based study, we found that a process of specialist evaluation, eligibility reminders on device forms, and peer-review consensus may improve adherence to guideline recommendations and AUC for ICD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rochelle Bernier
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Division of Cardiology, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mohammed Al-Shehri
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Satish R Raj
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lucy Reyes
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Evan Lockwood
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Division of Cardiology, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sajad Gulamhusein
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Division of Cardiology, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Randall Williams
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Division of Cardiology, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lucas Valtuille
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Division of Cardiology, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Soori Sivakumaran
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Division of Cardiology, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tomasz Hruczkowski
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Division of Cardiology, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shane Kimber
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Division of Cardiology, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Derek V Exner
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Roopinder K Sandhu
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Division of Cardiology, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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Lin AC, Biffi M, Exner DV, Johnson WB, Gras D, Hussin A, Singh B, Yang Z, Hine D, Li S, Crossley GH. Long-term electrical performance of Attain Performa quadripolar left ventricular leads with all steroid-eluting electrodes: Results from a large worldwide clinical trial. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2018; 41:920-926. [PMID: 29808920 DOI: 10.1111/pace.13389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Steroid-eluting (SE) electrodes suppress local inflammation and lower pacing capture thresholds (PCT); however, their effectiveness on quadripolar left ventricular (LV) leads in the cardiac vein is not fully studied. We evaluated the effectiveness of SE on all four LV pacing electrodes in human subjects enrolled in the Medtronic Attain® Performa™ quadripolar LV lead study. METHODS A total of 1,097 subjects were included in this evaluation. At each follow-up visit (1, 3, 6, and 12 months), LV PCT and pacing impedance were measured using either manual or automated testing methods. Summary statistics for PCT and impedance values were obtained for implant and each scheduled follow-up visit for all lead models. RESULTS Average extended bipolar (LV electrode to right ventricular Coil) PCTs for the four LV SE pacing electrodes (LV1, LV2, LV3, and LV4) on the three shapes of the quadripolar LV leads were 1.06 ± 0.97 V, 1.38 ± 1.26 V, 1.51 ± 1.33 V, and 2.25 ± 1.63 V, respectively, at 0.5-ms pulse width. PCTs remained low and stable throughout the 12-month follow-up period. CONCLUSION This clinical trial demonstrated that SE on all LV pacing electrodes is associated with low and stable PCTs for all quadripolar LV lead electrodes, resulting in multiple viable vectors for LV pacing. The large number of available vectors facilitates basal pacing, avoidance of PNS, and potentially prolongs generator longevity due to lower PCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert C Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mauro Biffi
- Insitute of Cardiology, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Derek V Exner
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | | | - Azlan Hussin
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Institute, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Balbir Singh
- Medanta, The Medicity Hospital, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | | | | | - Shelby Li
- Medtronic, plc, Mounds View, MN, USA
| | - George H Crossley
- Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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Chew DS, Heikki H, Schmidt G, Kavanagh KM, Dommasch M, Bloch Thomsen PE, Sinnecker D, Raatikainen P, Exner DV. Change in Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Following First Myocardial Infarction and Outcome. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2018; 4:672-682. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chew DS, Wilton SB, Kavanagh K, Vaid HM, Southern DA, Ellis L, Howarth AG, White JA, Exner DV. Fragmented QRS complexes after acute myocardial infarction are independently associated with unfavorable left ventricular remodeling. J Electrocardiol 2018; 51:607-612. [PMID: 29996998 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recovery of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) after acute myocardial infarction (MI) is not universal and is difficult to predict. Fragmented QRS (fQRS) complexes are thought to be markers of myocardial scar. We hypothesized that fQRS complexes on 12‑lead surface ECGs during the initial post-MI period would be associated with adverse LV remodeling over the following year. METHODS Change in LVEF between the early (0-2 month) and later (2-12 month) post-MI periods was assessed in two independent cohorts of post-MI patients with initial LV dysfunction. A decline or no recovery in LVEF (ΔLVEF ≤0%) was used as a primary outcome. fQRS complexes were measured on 12‑lead ECGs within a week of acute MI. A subset of patients underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) for scar quantification. RESULTS Of 705 patients in the combined cohort, 27% experienced the primary outcome (average ΔLVEF of -4%). fQRS complexes were associated with a two-fold higher risk of no LVEF recovery, independent of prior MI or CABG, baseline LVEF, MI location and QRS duration or axis. Of 113 patients undergoing CMR, fQRS was associated with increased peri-infarct zone late gadolinium enhancement (13 ± 5% vs 11 ± 4%, p = 0.02), but not core infarct. CONCLUSIONS Despite contemporary post-MI therapy, >1 in 4 patients will show a decline in LVEF during follow-up. Fragmented QRS complexes on 12‑lead surface ECG early post-MI may be a valuable marker of unfavorable LV remodeling and correlate to increased peri-infarct scar on CMR imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek S Chew
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Stephen B Wilton
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Katherine Kavanagh
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Haris M Vaid
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Danielle A Southern
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Linda Ellis
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Andrew G Howarth
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - James A White
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Derek V Exner
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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Chew DS, Wilton SB, Kavanagh K, Southern DA, Tan-Mesiatowsky LE, Exner DV. Left ventricular ejection fraction reassessment post-myocardial infarction: Current clinical practice and determinants of adverse remodeling. Am Heart J 2018; 198:91-96. [PMID: 29653653 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2017.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left ventricular (LV) dysfunction may be sustained or aggravated during the convalescent months following an acute myocardial infarction (MI) and is difficult to predict. We sought to determine current practice patterns of LV ejection fraction (LVEF) reassessment during the months following MI and evaluate the predictors and clinical significance of LVEF change in a prospective post-MI patient cohort. METHODS Patients with an acute MI between June 2010 and August 2014 were identified using the Alberta Provincial Project for Outcome Assessment in Coronary Heart Disease registry. Patients with initial LV dysfunction (LVEF <40% with first MI or <45% with multiple MI events) underwent a protocol-driven repeat LVEF assessment in follow-up if routine LVEF reassessment was not performed. RESULTS Of 5,964 MI patients, follow-up LVEF assessments were attained for 442 of the 695 patients who had significant LV dysfunction. A sizable proportion (25%) had either no increase or a decline in LVEF. Adverse remodeling was associated with an anterior MI location, a greater peak serum troponin T, and a higher baseline LVEF at time of MI. Adverse LV remodeling conferred a 3-fold risk of death (hazard ratio 3.0, 95% CI 1.6-5.7, P=.001) adjusted for baseline LVEF, anterior MI location, and medication use. CONCLUSIONS Current practice of LVEF reassessment during the convalescent months post-MI is suboptimal despite a sizeable proportion of patients that undergo adverse LV remodeling. Targeting processes affecting low rates of LVEF reassessment may reduce missed care opportunities and ensure that patients consistently receive appropriate evidence-based and guideline-recommended care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek S Chew
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Stephen B Wilton
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Katherine Kavanagh
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Danielle A Southern
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Derek V Exner
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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Cantillon DJ, Exner DV, Badie N, Davis K, Gu NY, Nabutovsky Y, Doshi R. Complications and Health Care Costs Associated With Transvenous Cardiac Pacemakers in a Nationwide Assessment. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2017; 3:1296-1305. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Chew DS, Manns B, Miller RJ, Sharma N, Exner DV. Economic Evaluation of Left Ventricular Assist Devices for Patients With End Stage Heart Failure Who Are Ineligible for Cardiac Transplantation. Can J Cardiol 2017; 33:1283-1291. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Revised: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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