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Martin S, Rashidifard C, Norris D, Goncalves A, Vercollone C, Brezinski M. Minimally Invasive Polarization Sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography (PS-OCT) for assessing Pre-OA, a pilot study on technical feasibility. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Open 2022; 4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2022.100313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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2
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Mukherjee N, Dart C, Lambert K, Norris D, Shellman Y. LB999 Basal levels of MCL1 and its binding partners contribute to a higher sensitivity to MCL1 inhibitors in uveal vs cutaneous melanomas. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.1025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Cramm H, Norris D, Fear NT, Dekel R. Military families and military-to-civilian transition: the current state of play. BMJ Mil Health 2021; 169:e4-e5. [PMID: 34413112 DOI: 10.1136/bmjmilitary-2021-001815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Cramm
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - D Norris
- Department of Family Studies and Gerontology, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - N T Fear
- King's Centre for Military Health, King's College London, London, UK.,Academic Department of Military Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - R Dekel
- The Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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Li H, Zhang C, Li B, Fujita M, Norris D, Wang X, Huang M. 608 Targeting CtBP-mediated proinflammatory gene transcription to treat skin inflammation. J Invest Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.03.618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Manyelo T, Ng'ambi J, Norris D, Mabelebele M. Substitution of Zea mays by Sorghum bicolor on Performance and Gut Histo-Morphology of Ross 308 Broiler Chickens Aged 1–42 d. J APPL POULTRY RES 2019. [DOI: 10.3382/japr/pfz015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Manyelo T, Ng’ambi J, Norris D, Mabelebele M. Influence of low-tannin sorghum on performance and bone morphometrics of male Ross 308 broilers aged 1 - 42 days. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v49i3.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Quintana I, Norris D, Valerio A, Becker FG, Gibbs JP, Michalski F. Nest removal by humans creates an evolutionary trap for Amazonian freshwater turtles. J Zool (1987) 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Quintana
- Ecology Department Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - D. Norris
- School of Environmental Sciences Federal University of Amapá Macapá Brazil
- Postgraduate Programme in Tropical BiodiversityFederal University of Amapá Macapá Brazil
- Ecology and Conservation of Amazonian Vertebrates Research Group Federal University of Amapá Macapá Brazil
| | - A. Valerio
- Postgraduate Programme in Tropical BiodiversityFederal University of Amapá Macapá Brazil
- Ecology and Conservation of Amazonian Vertebrates Research Group Federal University of Amapá Macapá Brazil
| | - F. G. Becker
- Ecology Department Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - J. P. Gibbs
- Department of Forest and Environmental Biology State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry Syracuse NY USA
| | - F. Michalski
- Postgraduate Programme in Tropical BiodiversityFederal University of Amapá Macapá Brazil
- Ecology and Conservation of Amazonian Vertebrates Research Group Federal University of Amapá Macapá Brazil
- Instituto Pró‐Carnívoros Atibaia, São Paulo Brazil
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Hartill VL, van de Hoek G, Patel MP, Little R, Watson CM, Berry IR, Shoemark A, Abdelmottaleb D, Parkes E, Bacchelli C, Szymanska K, Knoers NV, Scambler PJ, Ueffing M, Boldt K, Yates R, Winyard PJ, Adler B, Moya E, Hattingh L, Shenoy A, Hogg C, Sheridan E, Roepman R, Norris D, Mitchison HM, Giles RH, Johnson CA. DNAAF1 links heart laterality with the AAA+ ATPase RUVBL1 and ciliary intraflagellar transport. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:529-545. [PMID: 29228333 PMCID: PMC5886296 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
DNAAF1 (LRRC50) is a cytoplasmic protein required for dynein heavy chain assembly and cilia motility, and DNAAF1 mutations cause primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD; MIM 613193). We describe four families with DNAAF1 mutations and complex congenital heart disease (CHD). In three families, all affected individuals have typical PCD phenotypes. However, an additional family demonstrates isolated CHD (heterotaxy) in two affected siblings, but no clinical evidence of PCD. We identified a homozygous DNAAF1 missense mutation, p.Leu191Phe, as causative for heterotaxy in this family. Genetic complementation in dnaaf1-null zebrafish embryos demonstrated the rescue of normal heart looping with wild-type human DNAAF1, but not the p.Leu191Phe variant, supporting the conserved pathogenicity of this DNAAF1 missense mutation. This observation points to a phenotypic continuum between CHD and PCD, providing new insights into the pathogenesis of isolated CHD. In further investigations of the function of DNAAF1 in dynein arm assembly, we identified interactions with members of a putative dynein arm assembly complex. These include the ciliary intraflagellar transport protein IFT88 and the AAA+ (ATPases Associated with various cellular Activities) family proteins RUVBL1 (Pontin) and RUVBL2 (Reptin). Co-localization studies support these findings, with the loss of RUVBL1 perturbing the co-localization of DNAAF1 with IFT88. We show that RUVBL1 orthologues have an asymmetric left-sided distribution at both the mouse embryonic node and the Kupffer's vesicle in zebrafish embryos, with the latter asymmetry dependent on DNAAF1. These results suggest that DNAAF1-RUVBL1 biochemical and genetic interactions have a novel functional role in symmetry breaking and cardiac development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verity L Hartill
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Glenn van de Hoek
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension.,Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center, Utrecht, 3508 GA, The Netherlands
| | - Mitali P Patel
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK.,NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Rosie Little
- Mammalian Genetics Unit, MRC Harwell Institute, Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Christopher M Watson
- Leeds Genetics Laboratory, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Ian R Berry
- Leeds Genetics Laboratory, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Amelia Shoemark
- PCD Diagnostic Team and Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London SW3 6NP, UK.,School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Dina Abdelmottaleb
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK.,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Emma Parkes
- Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Chiara Bacchelli
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK.,NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Katarzyna Szymanska
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Nine V Knoers
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center, Utrecht, 3508 GA, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J Scambler
- NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, London WC1N 1EH, UK.,Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Marius Ueffing
- Department for Ophthalmology, Institute for Ophthalmic Research and Medical Bioanalytics Core, University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karsten Boldt
- Department for Ophthalmology, Institute for Ophthalmic Research and Medical Bioanalytics Core, University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Yates
- NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, London WC1N 1EH, UK.,Paediatric Cardiology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Paul J Winyard
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Beryl Adler
- Department of Paediatrics, Luton and Dunstable Hospital NHS Trust, Luton LU4 0DZ, UK
| | - Eduardo Moya
- Department of Paediatrics, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Bradford BD9 6RJ, UK
| | - Louise Hattingh
- Department of Paediatrics, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Bradford BD9 6RJ, UK
| | - Anil Shenoy
- Department of Paediatrics, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Bradford BD9 6RJ, UK
| | - Claire Hogg
- PCD Diagnostic Team and Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London SW3 6NP, UK
| | - Eamonn Sheridan
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Ronald Roepman
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dominic Norris
- Mammalian Genetics Unit, MRC Harwell Institute, Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Hannah M Mitchison
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, UK.,NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | | | - Colin A Johnson
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
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Mabelebele M, Manyelo T, Ngambi J, Norris D. PSV-22 Performance and Gut Morphology of Ross 308 Broiler Chickens Fed Low Tannin Sorghum Based Diets. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Mabelebele
- University of South Africa,Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - T Manyelo
- University of Limpopo,Sovenga, South Africia
| | - J Ngambi
- University of Limpopo,Sovenga, South Africia
| | - D Norris
- Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye Botswana,Palapye, Botswana
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Goldstein N, Pakieser J, Wright M, Caldwell C, Krug A, Koster M, Jones K, Gao B, Ward B, Venkataraman S, Lambert K, Shellman Y, Fujita M, Roop D, Norris D, Birlea S. 1187 Activation Of RHOJ signaling in human hair follicle bulge melanocytes is a key-factor In NBUVB induction of vitiligo repigmentation. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.1202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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11
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Caldwell C, Krug A, Goldstein N, Koster M, Ward B, Roop D, Norris D, Birlea S. 1250 Development of an ex vivo human skin explant model to examine candidate gene functions in the hair follicle and epidermis. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.1265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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12
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Mukherjee N, Strosnider A, Vagher B, Lambert K, Amato C, Robinson W, Norris D, Shellman Y. 1193 DRP1 Inhibition as an adjuvant for BH3 mimetics in melanoma. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.1208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Halbeisen F, Hogg C, Alanin MC, Bukowy-Bieryllo Z, Dasi F, Duncan J, Friend A, Goutaki M, Jackson C, Keenan V, Harris A, Hirst RA, Latzin P, Marsh G, Nielsen K, Norris D, Pellicer D, Reula A, Rubbo B, Rumman N, Shoemark A, Walker WT, Kuehni CE, Lucas JS. Proceedings of the 2nd BEAT-PCD conference and 3rd PCD training school: part 1. BMC Proc 2018; 12:1. [PMID: 29630684 PMCID: PMC5841193 DOI: 10.1186/s12919-018-0098-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare heterogenous condition that causes progressive suppurative lung disease, chronic rhinosinusitis, chronic otitis media, infertility and abnormal situs. 'Better Experimental Approaches to Treat Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia' (BEAT-PCD) is a network of scientists and clinicians coordinating research from basic science through to clinical care with the intention of developing treatments and diagnostics that lead to improved long-term outcomes for patients. BEAT-PCD activities are supported by EU funded COST Action (BM1407). The second BEAT-PCD conference, and third PCD training school were held jointly in April 2017 in Valencia, Spain. Presentations and workshops focussed on advancing the knowledge and skills relating to PCD in: basic science, epidemiology, diagnostic testing, clinical management and clinical trials. The multidisciplinary conference provided an interactive platform for exchanging ideas through a program of lectures, poster presentations, breakout sessions and workshops. Three working groups met to plan consensus statements. Progress with BEAT-PCD projects was shared and new collaborations were fostered. In this report, we summarize the meeting, highlighting developments made during the meeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Halbeisen
- 1Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Claire Hogg
- 2Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, Departments of Paediatrics and Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Imperial College and Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | - Mikkel C Alanin
- 3Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zuzanna Bukowy-Bieryllo
- 4Department of Molecular and Clinical Genetics, Institute of Human Genetics Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Francisco Dasi
- 5Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,UCIM Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Julie Duncan
- 7Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, Departments of Paediatrics and Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Imperial College and Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | - Amanda Friend
- 8Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Myrofora Goutaki
- 1Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Claire Jackson
- 8Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Victoria Keenan
- 8Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Amanda Harris
- 8Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Robert A Hirst
- Centre for PCD Diagnosis and Research, Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK
| | - Philipp Latzin
- 10Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, University Children's Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gemma Marsh
- 2Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, Departments of Paediatrics and Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Imperial College and Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | - Kim Nielsen
- 11Danish PCD & chILD Centre, CF Centre Copenhagen Paediatric Pulmonary Service, ERN Accredited for PCD and CF Health Care, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dominic Norris
- Mammalian Genetics Unit, MRC Harwell Institute, Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Daniel Pellicer
- 5Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,UCIM Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Reula
- 5Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,UCIM Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Bruna Rubbo
- 8Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Nisreen Rumman
- Pediatric Department, Makassed Hospital, East Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Amelia Shoemark
- 2Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, Departments of Paediatrics and Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Imperial College and Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK.,14School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Woolf T Walker
- 8Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Claudia E Kuehni
- 1Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,10Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, University Children's Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jane S Lucas
- 8Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
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Mabelebele M, Norris D, Brown D, Ginindza MM, Ngambi JW. Breed and Sex Differences in the Gross Anatomy, Digesta pH and Histomorphology of the Gastrointestinal Tract of Gallus Gallus Domesticus. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2016-0275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - D Norris
- University of Limpopo, South Africa
| | - D Brown
- University of Limpopo, South Africa
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Mukherjee N, Lambert K, Fujita M, Norris D, Shellman Y. 777 Pro-apoptotic protein BIM influences PD-L1 expression in melanoma. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.02.802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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de Jong A, Jabbari A, Dai Z, Xing L, Lee D, Price V, Duvic M, Norris D, Hordinsky M, Mackay-Wiggan J, Clynes R, Christiano A. 052 Identification of pathogenic T cell subsets in human alopecia areata. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.02.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Mapeka MH, Ramukhithi FV, Pilane CM, Norris D, Banga C, Lehloenya KC. 17 SPERM FERTILITY RATE ASSESSED BY EMBRYO PRODUCTION IN VIVO AND IN VITRO IN SOUTH AFRICAN BULLS. Reprod Fertil Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv29n1ab17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the sperm fertility rate by embryo production in vivo and in vitro in South African bulls and further compare the embryo quality developed from different oocyte recovery methods. A total of 15 frozen semen straws (5 Bonsmara; 5 Nguni; 5 Boran) were thawed and evaluated for sperm motility characteristics using sperm class analyzer. The fertilizing ability of frozen–thawed semen was assessed by performing AI and in vitro fertilization. For AI, 6 cows were superovulated and inseminated with frozen–thawed semen followed by flushing on Day 7 post-insemination and then evaluated for embryo developmental stages. For IVF, oocytes were retrieved using two recovery methods namely ovum pick-up (OPU) and ovary aspiration. A total of 383 (106, OPU; 277, ovary aspiration) oocytes were matured in M199 + 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) maturation medium at 38.5°C for 24h. Oocytes were washed in Bracket and Oliphant’s fertilization medium, co-incubated with frozen–thawed (Boran) semen at 38.5°C for 6 h, and then cultured in SOF-BSA medium, incubated at 38.5°C, 5% CO2 for 7 days, and further evaluated for embryo development. Data were analysed by ANOVA. Total sperm motility was >70% in all breeds. Boran had a significantly (P < 0.05) higher total post-thaw sperm motility (93.2 ± 3.6) compared with Nguni (75.1 ± 4.2) and Bonsmara (80.7 ± 6.9). Furthermore, Boran had higher (P < 0.05) progressive motility (39.7 ± 3.4) and rapid motility (36.1 ± 5.9) compared with other breeds. Interestingly, Boran produced significantly (P < 0.05) higher blastocyst rate (56.34%) compared with Bonsmara (38.03%) Nguni (31.08%). Superovulation and OPU resulted in a significantly higher (P < 0.05) number of blastocysts (10.5 ± 3.3 and 10.5 ± 3.3) respectively, compared with aspiration (1.3 ± 3.3). Moreover, the OPU method yielded a significantly higher (P < 0.05) number of grade 2 blastocyst (3.0 ± 0.1) compared with aspiration (0.50 ± 0.1). However, there was no significant (P > 0.05) difference in the number of grade 1 and grade 3 blastocysts obtained when the 3 recovery methods were used. In conclusion, the Boran breed showed better a sperm fertility rate following in vivo and in vitro embryo production. The superovulation and OPU methods resulted in higher numbers and better quality blastocysts compared with aspiration.
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Alabi O, Ng'ambi J, Norris D, Mbajiorgu E, Mabelebele M, Mbajiorgu C. Dietary Lysine Requirement for Optimal Productivity and Carcass Characteristics of Growing Indigenous Venda Chicken. ANIM NUTR FEED TECHN 2017. [DOI: 10.5958/0974-181x.2017.00015.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Matabane MB, Nethenzheni P, Thomas R, Norris D, Nephawe K, Tsatsimpe M, Nedambale TL. 24 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BOAR SPERM TRAITS AND FERTILITY RATE FOLLOWING ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION UNDER SMALLHOLDER PRODUCTION SYSTEMS. Reprod Fertil Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv29n1ab24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The prediction of sperm fertility has a great economic importance to the pig breeding industry. The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between boar sperm quality and fertility following artificial insemination (AI) under smallholder production systems. A total of 18 ejaculates were collected from 3 breeding boars using a hand-gloved technique. Aliquots of diluted semen were assessed for sperm motility using a computer aided sperm analysis before AI. Sperm viability was evaluated using Synthetic Binding CD-14 (SYBR-14+)/propidium iodide (PI–), whereas sperm morphology was evaluated using Eosin Nigrosin staining. Fluorescent microscope was used at 100× magnification to count 200 sperm per slide. The semen was extended with Beltsville Thawing Solution and contained 3 × 109 sperm/dose. A total of 73 multiparous sows were inseminated twice. Fertility was measured by conception rate, farrowing rate, litter size and number of piglets born alive following AI. Sperm quality and fertility data were analysed using one-way ANOVA. Spearman’s rank correlation was used to determine the relationship between sperm quality and fertility traits. The mean values for total sperm motility ranged from 93.5 to 96.8%. Progressive and rapid sperm motility differed significantly (P < 0.05) among the boars. However, no significant differences were found for sperm velocity traits. The mean values for morphologically normal sperm ranged from 47.8 to 60.9% and live sperm ranged from 71.8 to 77.2%, but did not differ significantly among the boars (P > 0.05). Conception rate from different boars varied (P < 0.05) from 63.6 to 93.3%. Of all fertility traits studied, conception rate was significantly related to total sperm motility rate (r = 0.34, P < 0.0029), progressive motility (r = 0.29, P < 0.0141) and rapid motility (r = 0.34, P < 0.0032), although relatively low. There was a low positive relationship between morphologically normal sperm and fertility traits (P > 0.05). In conclusion, total, progressive, and rapid sperm motility rate were the only sperm traits significantly related to conception rate. Conversely, litter size and number born alive were not correlated with sperm motility, viability, or morphology traits.
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Brown D, Ng’ambi J, Norris D, Mbajiorgu F. Blood profiles of indigenous Pedi goats fed varying levels of Vachellia karroo leaf meal in Setaria verticillata hay-based diet. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2016. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v46i4.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Rubbo B, Behan L, Dehlink E, Goutaki M, Hogg C, Kouis P, Kuehni CE, Latzin P, Nielsen K, Norris D, Nyilas S, Price M, Lucas JS. Proceedings of the COST action BM1407 inaugural conference BEAT-PCD: translational research in primary ciliary dyskinesia - bench, bedside, and population perspectives. BMC Proc 2016; 10:66. [PMID: 28813544 PMCID: PMC5260785 DOI: 10.1186/s12919-016-0067-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare heterogenous condition that causes progressive suppurative lung disease, chronic rhinosinusitis, chronic otitis media, infertility and abnormal situs. 'Better Experimental Approaches to Treat Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia' (BEAT-PCD) is a network of scientists and clinicians coordinating research from basic science through to clinical care with the intention of developing treatments and diagnostics that lead to improved long-term outcomes for patients. BEAT-PCD activities are supported by EU Framework Programme Horizon 2020 funded COST Action (BM1407). The Inaugural Conference of BEAT-PCD was held in December 2015 in Southampton, UK. The conference attracted ninety-six scientists, clinicians, allied health professionals, industrial partners and patient representatives from twenty countries. We aimed to identify the needs for PCD research and clinical care, particularly focussing on basic science, epidemiology, diagnostic testing, clinical management and clinical trials. The multidisciplinary conference provided an interactive platform for exchanging ideas through a program of lectures, poster presentations, breakout sessions and workshops. This allowed us to develop plans for collaborative studies. In this report, we summarize the meeting, highlight developments, and discuss open questions thereby documenting ongoing developments in the field of PCD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Rubbo
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Southampton, UK
| | - Laura Behan
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Southampton, UK
| | - Eleonora Dehlink
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, Department of Paediatrics, Royal Brompton and Harefield Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Myrofora Goutaki
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Children’s University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Claire Hogg
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, Department of Paediatrics, Royal Brompton and Harefield Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Panayiotis Kouis
- Cyprus International Institute for Environmental & Public Health, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Claudia E. Kuehni
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Latzin
- Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Children’s University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kim Nielsen
- Danish PCD & chILD Centre, CF Centre Copenhagen, Paediatric Pulmonary Service, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
| | | | - Sylvia Nyilas
- Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Children’s University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, University Children’s Hospital Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mareike Price
- Department of Paediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jane S. Lucas
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Southampton, UK
- Faculty of Medicine Mail Point 803, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK
| | - on behalf of BEAT-PCD
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Southampton, UK
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, Department of Paediatrics, Royal Brompton and Harefield Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Children’s University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Cyprus International Institute for Environmental & Public Health, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
- Danish PCD & chILD Centre, CF Centre Copenhagen, Paediatric Pulmonary Service, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Denmark
- MRC Harwell, Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire, UK
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, University Children’s Hospital Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Paediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine Mail Point 803, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK
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Evans CD, Malcolm IA, Shilland EM, Rose NL, Turner SD, Crilly A, Norris D, Granath G, Monteith DT. Sustained Biogeochemical Impacts of Wildfire in a Mountain Lake Catchment. Ecosystems 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-016-0064-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Hewitt DKL, Mills G, Hayes F, Norris D, Coyle M, Wilkinson S, Davies W. N-fixation in legumes--An assessment of the potential threat posed by ozone pollution. Environ Pollut 2016; 208:909-18. [PMID: 26385644 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The growth, development and functioning of legumes are often significantly affected by exposure to tropospheric ozone (O3) pollution. However, surprisingly little is known about how leguminous Nitrogen (N) fixation responds to ozone, with a scarcity of studies addressing this question in detail. In the last decade, ozone impacts on N-fixation in soybean, cowpea, mung bean, peanut and clover have been shown for concentrations which are now commonly recorded in ambient air or are likely to occur in the near future. We provide a synthesis of the existing literature addressing this issue, and also explore the effects that may occur on an agroecosystem scale by predicting reductions in Trifolium (clovers) root nodule biomass in United Kingdom (UK) pasture based on ozone concentration data for a "high" (2006) and "average" ozone year (2008). Median 8% and 5% reductions in clover root nodule biomass in pasture across the UK were predicted for 2006 and 2008 respectively. Seasonal exposure to elevated ozone, or short-term acute concentrations >100 ppb, are sufficient to reduce N-fixation and/or impact nodulation, in a range of globally-important legumes. However, an increasing global burden of CO2, the use of artificial fertiliser, and reactive N-pollution may partially mitigate impacts of ozone on N-fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K L Hewitt
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW, UK; Lancaster University, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster, Lancashire, LA1 4YQ, UK.
| | - G Mills
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW, UK
| | - F Hayes
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW, UK
| | - D Norris
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW, UK
| | - M Coyle
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, UK
| | - S Wilkinson
- Lancaster University, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster, Lancashire, LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - W Davies
- Lancaster University, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster, Lancashire, LA1 4YQ, UK
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Keynton J, Adams E, Riley K, Powles-Glover N, Shinohara K, Lucas J, Lackie P, Norris D. A novel form of PCD that impacts nodal, but not tracheal cilia. Cilia 2015. [PMCID: PMC4519062 DOI: 10.1186/2046-2530-4-s1-o15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Naeemasa M, Qotbi AA, Seidavi A, Norris D, Brown D, Ginindza M. Effects of coriander ( Coriandrum sativum L.) seed powder and extract on performance of broiler chickens. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2015. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v45i4.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Tsai C, Patel K, Vincent A, Verzosa N, Norris D, Tillis W, Hafner J. 253 Electronic Best Practice Advisories' Effectiveness in Detecting Sepsis in the Emergency Department. Ann Emerg Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.07.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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27
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Leordean D, Grimes D, Keynton J, Maier J, Harfe B, Benson M, Gray A, Bhattacharya S, Norris D. FOXA2 controls Pkd1l1 expression in the mouse node during left-right determination. Cilia 2015. [PMCID: PMC4519122 DOI: 10.1186/2046-2530-4-s1-p37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Alabi OJ, Ng'ambi JW, Mbajiorgu EF, Norris D, Mabelebele M. Growth and haematological response of indigenous Venda chickens aged 8 to 13 weeks to varying dietary lysine to energy ratios. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2014; 99:436-41. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. J. Alabi
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Animal Production; University of Limpopo; Sovenga South Africa
| | - J. W. Ng'ambi
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Animal Production; University of Limpopo; Sovenga South Africa
| | - E. F. Mbajiorgu
- Department of Anatomical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences; University of the Witwatersrand; Johannesburg South Africa
| | - D. Norris
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Animal Production; University of Limpopo; Sovenga South Africa
| | - M. Mabelebele
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Animal Production; University of Limpopo; Sovenga South Africa
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Finkel R, Day J, Chiriboga C, Vasjar J, Cook D, Watson K, Paulose S, McMillian L, Cruz R, Montes J, Vivo DD, Yamashita M, McGuire D, Alexander K, Norris D, Bennett C, Bishop K. G.O.17. Neuromuscul Disord 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2014.06.416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Darras B, Chiriboga C, Swoboda K, Iannaccone S, Montes J, Castro D, Holuba N, Raush N, Visyak N, Dunaway S, Trussell D, Pasternak A, Neilson L, Vivo DD, McGuire D, Norris D, Alexander K, Bennett C, Bishop K. G.O.18. Neuromuscul Disord 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2014.06.417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Cooper DM, Evans CD, Norris D, Thacker S, Pereira MG. Application of a simple multiplicative spatio-temporal stream water quality model to the river Conwy, North Wales. Environ Sci Process Impacts 2014; 16:1600-1607. [PMID: 24509947 DOI: 10.1039/c3em00627a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We use a simple multiplicative spatio-temporal model to describe variability in a sequence of water quality monitoring data from headwater streams in the Conwy catchment, North Wales. The spatial component of the model treats concentrations as due to simple mixing of a small number of distinct source types, each associated with particular upstream catchment characteristics. The temporal component allows concentration variability due to seasonal or hydrological change. We apply the model using three candidate catchment characteristic classifications to generate mixing concentrations, and a seasonal component to describe temporal variability, and test a range of sub-models. We identify a cross-classification of soil and land cover as providing the best spatial indicator of water quality of the classifications considered. The spatial model based on a selected grouped cross-classification was shown to account for between 35% and 90% of the spatial variability and the seasonal model accounted for between 45% and 100% of the temporal variability in the data. Analysis of residuals showed an inverse relationship between DOC and sulphate and between hydrogen ion concentration and calcium and magnesium. We also found residual correlations between sites which are strongly related to landscape class. These are attributed to landscape class by time interactions which are not accounted for in the simple multiplicative model.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Cooper
- CEH Bangor, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, Bangor, LL57 2UW, UK.
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Chen D, Norris D, Ventikos Y. Chemosignalling, mechanotransduction and ciliary behaviour in the embryonic node: Computational evaluation of competing theories. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2014; 228:465-476. [PMID: 24727590 DOI: 10.1177/0954411914531117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Precise specification of left-right asymmetry is essential for patterning the internal organs of vertebrates. Within the embryonic node, posteriorly polarised cilia rotate, causing a leftward fluid flow (nodal flow) that establishes left-right asymmetry. The mechanism by which an embryo senses nodal flow remains uncertain. Existing hypotheses argue that either nodal flow carries morphogen(s) or lipid-bounded vesicles towards the left, thereby generating an asymmetric signal, and/or that mechano-sensory cilia sense this unidirectional flow, stimulating left-sided intracellular calcium signalling. To date, direct and definitive evidence supporting these hypotheses has been lacking. In this study, we conduct a multi-scale study to simulate the nodal cilia and the fluidic environment, analysing left-right signal transmission. By employing computational simulation techniques and solving the relevant three-dimensional unsteady transport equations, we study the flow pattern produced by the rotation of active cilia. By importing dilute species and particles into the computational domain, we investigate the transport of morphogens and nodal vesicular parcels, respectively. Furthermore, by extending the analysis to include the solid mechanics of passive deformable cilia and the coupling of their structural behaviour with the emerging fluid mechanics, we study the response of passive cilia to the nodal flow. Our results reproduce the unidirectional nodal flow, allowing us to evaluate the plausibility of both chemo- and mechano-sensing hypotheses. The quantitative measurements of the flow rate, the molecular transport and distribution provide guidance regarding the necessary morphogen molecular weights to break signalling symmetry. The passive sensory ciliary deformation gives indications regarding the plausibility of this mechano-signalling mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duanduan Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | | | - Yiannis Ventikos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
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Ng’ambi JW, Thamaga MW, Norris D, Mabelebele M, Alabi OJ. Effects of egg weight on hatchability, chick hatch-weight and subsequent productivity of indigenous Venda chickens in Polokwane, South Africa. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v43i5.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Maiwashe A, Nengovhela NB, Nephawe KA, Sebei J, Netshilema T, Mashaba HD, Nesengani L, Norris D. Estimates of lactation curve parameters for Bonsmara and Nguni cattle using the weigh-suckle-weigh technique. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v43i5.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Alabi OJ, Ng’ambi JW, Norris D. Dietary energy level for optimum productivity and carcass characteristics of indigenous Venda chickens raised in closed confinement. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v43i5.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Mabelebele M, Alabi O, Ng`ambi J, Norris D, Ginindza M. Comparison of Gastrointestinal Tracts and pH Values of Digestive Organs
of Ross 308 Broiler and Indigenous Venda Chickens Fed the Same Diet. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.3923/ajava.2014.71.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ross J, Sharma S, Winston J, Nunez M, Bottini G, Franceschi M, Scarpini E, Frigerio E, Fiorentini F, Fernandez M, Sivilia S, Giardin L, Calzà L, Norris D, Cicirello H, Casula D, Imbimbo B. CHF5074 Reduces Biomarkers of Neuroinflammation in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A 12-Week, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Curr Alzheimer Res 2013:CAR-EPUB-54900. [PMID: 23952019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
As neuroinflammation is an early event in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, new selective anti-inflammatory drugs could lead to promising preventive strategies. We evaluated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of CHF5074, a new microglial modulator, in a 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel groups, ascending dose study involving 96 MCI patients. Subjects were allocated into three successive study cohorts to receive ascending, titrated doses of CHF5074 (200, 400 or 600 mg/day) or placebo. Vital signs, cardiac safety, neuropsychological performance and safety clinical laboratory parameters were assessed on all subjects. Plasma samples were collected throughout the study for measuring drug concentrations, soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) and TNF-α. At the end of treatment, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were optionally collected after the last dose to measure drug levels, β-amyloid1-42 (Aβ42), tau, phospho-tau181, sCD40L and TNF-α. Ten patients did not complete the study: one in the placebo group (consent withdrawn), two in the 200-mg/day treatment group (consent withdrawn and unable to comply) and seven in the 400-mg/day treatment group (five AEs, one consent withdrawn and one unable to comply). The most frequent treatment-emergent adverse events were diarrhea, dizziness and back pain. There were no clinically significant treatment-related clinical laboratory, vital sign or ECG abnormalities. CHF5074 total body clearance depended by gender, age and glomerular filtration rate. CHF5074 CSF concentrations increased in a dose-dependent manner. At the end of treatment, mean sCD40L and TNF-α levels in CSF were found to be inversely related to the CHF5074 dose (p=0.037 and p=0.001, respectively). Plasma levels of sCD40L in the 600-mg/day group were significantly lower than those measured in the placebo group (p=0.010). No significant differences between treatment groups were found in neuropsychological tests but a positive dose-response trend was found on executive function in APOE4 carriers. This study shows that CHF5074 is well tolerated in MCI patients after a 12-week titrated treatment up to 600 mg/day and dose-dependently affects central nervous system biomarkers of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ross
- Memory Enhancement Center of America, 4 Industrial Way West, Eatontown, NJ 07724, USA
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Alabi O, Ng`ambi J, Norris D, Mabelebele M. Effect of Egg Weight on Hatchability and Subsequent Performance of Potchefstroom Koekoek Chicks. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.3923/ajava.2012.718.725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Miller T, Smith R, Pestronk A, David W, Rothstein J, Simpson E, Andres P, Mahoney K, Allred P, Alexander K, Bishop K, Schoenfeld D, Macklin E, Norris D, Bennett C, Cudkowicz M. Results of a Phase 1, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Escalation Study of the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of ISIS 333611 Administered Intrathecally to Patients with Familial ALS Due to SOD1 Gene Mutations (S25.001). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.s25.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Alabi O, Ng`ambi J, Norris D, Egena S. Comparative Study of Three Indigenous Chicken Breeds of South Africa: Body Weight and Linear Body Measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.3923/aj.2012.220.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Selapa NW, Nephawe KA, Maiwashe A, Norris D. Genetic analysis of body weights of individually fed beef bulls in South Africa using random regression models. Genet Mol Res 2012; 11:271-6. [PMID: 22370929 DOI: 10.4238/2012.february.8.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for body weights of individually fed beef bulls measured at centralized testing stations in South Africa using random regression models. Weekly body weights of Bonsmara bulls (N = 2919) tested between 1999 and 2003 were available for the analyses. The model included a fixed regression of the body weights on fourth-order orthogonal Legendre polynomials of the actual days on test (7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63, 70, 77, and 84) for starting age and contemporary group effects. Random regressions on fourth-order orthogonal Legendre polynomials of the actual days on test were included for additive genetic effects and additional uncorrelated random effects of the weaning-herd-year and the permanent environment of the animal. Residual effects were assumed to be independently distributed with heterogeneous variance for each test day. Variance ratios for additive genetic, permanent environment and weaning-herd-year for weekly body weights at different test days ranged from 0.26 to 0.29, 0.37 to 0.44 and 0.26 to 0.34, respectively. The weaning-herd-year was found to have a significant effect on the variation of body weights of bulls despite a 28-day adjustment period. Genetic correlations amongst body weights at different test days were high, ranging from 0.89 to 1.00. Heritability estimates were comparable to literature using multivariate models. Therefore, random regression model could be applied in the genetic evaluation of body weight of individually fed beef bulls in South Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- N W Selapa
- Animal Production Institute, Agricultural Research Council, Irene, South Africa.
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Seroba MM, Maiwashe A, Nephawe KA, Norris D. Genetic parameter estimates for live animal ultrasound measures of carcass traits in South African Angus cattle. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2011. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v41i3.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Sebola N, Ng`ambi J, Norris D, Mbajiorgu C. Effect of Garcinia cambogia Leaf Meal Supplementation Level at Finisher Stage on Productivity and Juiciness of Male Ross 308 Broiler Chickens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3923/ajava.2011.723.730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Mbajiorgu C, Ng`ambi J, Norris D, Alabi O. Effect of Dietary Lysine to Energy Ratio on Performance of Unsexed Indigenous Venda Chickens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3923/ajava.2011.517.524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Norris D, Rocha-Mendes F, Frosini de Barros Ferraz S, Villani JP, Galetti M. How to not inflate population estimates? Spatial density distribution of white-lipped peccaries in a continuous Atlantic forest. Anim Conserv 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-1795.2011.00450.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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47
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Norris D, Ngambi J, Benyi K, Mbajiorgu C. Milk Production of Three Exotic Dairy Goat Genotypes in Limpopo Province, South Africa. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3923/ajava.2011.274.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Chen D, Norris D, Ventikos Y. Ciliary behaviour and mechano-transduction in the embryonic node: computational testing of hypotheses. Med Eng Phys 2010; 33:857-67. [PMID: 21126903 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2010.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2010] [Revised: 10/12/2010] [Accepted: 10/19/2010] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Left-right symmetry breaking in the mammalian embryo is believed to occur in a transient embryonic structure, the node: rotational motion of cilia within this structure creates a leftward flow of liquid that is the first asymmetric event observed. A hypothesis, often referred to as the "two-cilia" hypothesis, proposes that the node contains two kinds of primary cilia: motile cilia, driven by motor proteins, that rotate clockwise generating the leftward flow and passive cilia that act as mechano-sensors, reacting mechanically to the emerging flow. The exact mechanism that underlies the initial breaking of symmetry remains unclear, in spite of several studies that have attempted to elucidate the processes involved. In this paper, we present two computational models to (i) simulate the unidirectional flow induced by the active ciliary motion as well as their propulsion on the passive cilia and to (ii) investigate the protein activity that produces the active ciliary rotation-like movement. The models presented incorporate methodologies from computational fluid dynamics, deformable mesh computational techniques and fluid-structure interaction analysis. By solving the three-dimensional unsteady transport equations, with suitable boundary conditions, we confirm that the whirling motion of active cilia is capable of inducing the unidirectional flow and that the passive cilia are pushed by this flow towards the left with a visible deformation of 41.7% of the ciliary length on the tip, supporting the plausibility of the two-cilia hypothesis. Further, by applying finite element analysis and grid deformation techniques, we investigate the ciliary motion triggered by the activation of protein motors and propose a possible dynein activation pattern that is able to produce the clockwise rotation of embryonic cilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duanduan Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Cruz C, Ribes V, Kutejova E, Cayuso J, Lawson V, Norris D, Stevens J, Davey M, Blight K, Bangs F, Mynett A, Hirst E, Chung R, Balaskas N, Brody SL, Marti E, Briscoe J. Foxj1 regulates floor plate cilia architecture and modifies the response of cells to sonic hedgehog signalling. Development 2010; 137:4271-82. [PMID: 21098568 PMCID: PMC2990214 DOI: 10.1242/dev.051714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/30/2010] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Sonic hedgehog signalling is essential for the embryonic development of many tissues including the central nervous system, where it controls the pattern of cellular differentiation. A genome-wide screen of neural progenitor cells to evaluate the Shh signalling-regulated transcriptome identified the forkhead transcription factor Foxj1. In both chick and mouse Foxj1 is expressed in the ventral midline of the neural tube in cells that make up the floor plate. Consistent with the role of Foxj1 in the formation of long motile cilia, floor plate cells produce cilia that are longer than the primary cilia found elsewhere in the neural tube, and forced expression of Foxj1 in neuroepithelial cells is sufficient to increase cilia length. In addition, the expression of Foxj1 in the neural tube and in an Shh-responsive cell line attenuates intracellular signalling by decreasing the activity of Gli proteins, the transcriptional mediators of Shh signalling. We show that this function of Foxj1 depends on cilia. Nevertheless, floor plate identity and ciliogenesis are unaffected in mouse embryos lacking Foxj1 and we provide evidence that additional transcription factors expressed in the floor plate share overlapping functions with Foxj1. Together, these findings identify a novel mechanism that modifies the cellular response to Shh signalling and reveal morphological and functional features of the amniote floor plate that distinguish these cells from the rest of the neuroepithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Cruz
- MRC National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, UK
- Programa Doutoral em Biologia Experimental e Biomedicina, Department of Zoology, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3004-517, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Ribes
- MRC National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, UK
| | - Eva Kutejova
- MRC National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, UK
| | - Jordi Cayuso
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona, CSIC, Parc Científic de Barcelona, C/Josep Samitier 1-5, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Victoria Lawson
- MRC National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, UK
| | | | | | - Megan Davey
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Roslin Institute, Roslin, EH25 9PS, UK
| | - Ken Blight
- Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3PX, UK
| | - Fiona Bangs
- Biology and Biochemistry Department, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Anita Mynett
- MRC National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, UK
| | - Elizabeth Hirst
- MRC National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, UK
| | - Rachel Chung
- MRC National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, UK
| | - Nikolaos Balaskas
- MRC National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, UK
| | - Steven L. Brody
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Elisa Marti
- Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona, CSIC, Parc Científic de Barcelona, C/Josep Samitier 1-5, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - James Briscoe
- MRC National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, UK
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50
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Ashrafian H, Docherty L, Leo V, Towlson C, Neilan M, Steeples V, Lygate CA, Hough T, Townsend S, Williams D, Wells S, Norris D, Glyn-Jones S, Land J, Barbaric I, Lalanne Z, Denny P, Szumska D, Bhattacharya S, Griffin JL, Hargreaves I, Fernandez-Fuentes N, Cheeseman M, Watkins H, Dear TN. A mutation in the mitochondrial fission gene Dnm1l leads to cardiomyopathy. PLoS Genet 2010; 6:e1001000. [PMID: 20585624 PMCID: PMC2891719 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1001000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2009] [Accepted: 05/25/2010] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in a number of genes have been linked to inherited dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, such mutations account for only a small proportion of the clinical cases emphasising the need for alternative discovery approaches to uncovering novel pathogenic mutations in hitherto unidentified pathways. Accordingly, as part of a large-scale N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea mutagenesis screen, we identified a mouse mutant, Python, which develops DCM. We demonstrate that the Python phenotype is attributable to a dominant fully penetrant mutation in the dynamin-1-like (Dnm1l) gene, which has been shown to be critical for mitochondrial fission. The C452F mutation is in a highly conserved region of the M domain of Dnm1l that alters protein interactions in a yeast two-hybrid system, suggesting that the mutation might alter intramolecular interactions within the Dnm1l monomer. Heterozygous Python fibroblasts exhibit abnormal mitochondria and peroxisomes. Homozygosity for the mutation results in the death of embryos midway though gestation. Heterozygous Python hearts show reduced levels of mitochondria enzyme complexes and suffer from cardiac ATP depletion. The resulting energy deficiency may contribute to cardiomyopathy. This is the first demonstration that a defect in a gene involved in mitochondrial remodelling can result in cardiomyopathy, showing that the function of this gene is needed for the maintenance of normal cellular function in a relatively tissue-specific manner. This disease model attests to the importance of mitochondrial remodelling in the heart; similar defects might underlie human heart muscle disease. Heart disease is very common. Some cases of heart disease are strongly influenced by lifestyle and diet, whereas others have a strong genetic component. A certain form of heart failure, known as dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) quite often runs in families suggesting that a defective gene or genes underlie this disease. We describe a new mouse mutant called “Python” which suffers from a heart disease similar to DCM. We were able to pinpoint the defective gene responsible for the disease. This gene is normally involved in the division of mitochondria, the “power plants” of the cell that generate one of the main energy supplies for the cell. This is a unique model that implicates a new gene and mechanism of disease for further investigation.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/congenital
- Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/genetics
- Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/metabolism
- Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/pathology
- Dynamins
- Embryo, Mammalian/metabolism
- Embryo, Mammalian/pathology
- GTP Phosphohydrolases/chemistry
- GTP Phosphohydrolases/genetics
- GTP Phosphohydrolases/metabolism
- Genes, Mitochondrial
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Microtubule-Associated Proteins/chemistry
- Microtubule-Associated Proteins/genetics
- Microtubule-Associated Proteins/metabolism
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Mutation
- Protein Structure, Quaternary
- Sequence Alignment
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Affiliation(s)
- Houman Ashrafian
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Docherty
- Mammalian Genetics of Disease Unit, School of Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Vincenzo Leo
- Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Towlson
- Mammalian Genetics of Disease Unit, School of Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Monica Neilan
- Mammalian Genetics of Disease Unit, School of Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Violetta Steeples
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Craig A. Lygate
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tertius Hough
- Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart Townsend
- Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Debbie Williams
- Mary Lyon Centre and Mammalian Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council, Harwell, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Wells
- Mary Lyon Centre and Mammalian Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council, Harwell, United Kingdom
| | - Dominic Norris
- Mary Lyon Centre and Mammalian Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council, Harwell, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Glyn-Jones
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - John Land
- Neurometabolic Unit, National Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ivana Barbaric
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Zuzanne Lalanne
- Mary Lyon Centre and Mammalian Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council, Harwell, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Denny
- Mary Lyon Centre and Mammalian Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council, Harwell, United Kingdom
| | - Dorota Szumska
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Shoumo Bhattacharya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Julian L. Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Iain Hargreaves
- Neurometabolic Unit, National Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Narcis Fernandez-Fuentes
- Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Cheeseman
- Mary Lyon Centre and Mammalian Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council, Harwell, United Kingdom
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - T. Neil Dear
- Mammalian Genetics of Disease Unit, School of Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
- Mary Lyon Centre and Mammalian Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council, Harwell, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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