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Li M, Larsen FT, van den Heuvel MC, Gier K, Gorter AR, Oosterhuis D, Bijzet J, de Meijer VE, Ravnskjaer K, Nagelkerke A, Olinga P. Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in a Dish: Human Precision-Cut Liver Slices as a Platform for Drug Screening and Interventions. Nutrients 2024; 16:626. [PMID: 38474754 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a growing healthcare problem with limited therapeutic options. Progress in this field depends on the availability of reliable preclinical models. Human precision-cut liver slices (PCLSs) have been employed to replicate the initiation of MASLD, but a comprehensive investigation into MASLD progression is still missing. This study aimed to extend the current incubation time of human PCLSs to examine different stages in MASLD. Healthy human PCLSs were cultured for up to 96 h in a medium enriched with high sugar, high insulin, and high fatty acids to induce MASLD. PCLSs displayed hepatic steatosis, characterized by accumulated intracellular fat. The development of hepatic steatosis appeared to involve a time-dependent impact on lipid metabolism, with an initial increase in fatty acid uptake and storage, and a subsequent down-regulation of lipid oxidation and secretion. PCLSs also demonstrated liver inflammation, including increased pro-inflammatory gene expression and cytokine production. Additionally, liver fibrosis was also observed through the elevated production of pro-collagen 1a1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP1). RNA sequencing showed that the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) signaling pathway and transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) signaling pathway were consistently activated, potentially contributing to the development of inflammation and fibrosis. In conclusion, the prolonged incubation of human PCLSs can establish a robust ex vivo model for MASLD, facilitating the identification and evaluation of potential therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frederik T Larsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Marius C van den Heuvel
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Pathology Section, University Medical Center Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Konstanze Gier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alan R Gorter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dorenda Oosterhuis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Bijzet
- Amyloidosis Center of Expertise, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Medical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent E de Meijer
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kim Ravnskjaer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Anika Nagelkerke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Olinga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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2
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de Jong IE, Bodewes SB, van Leeuwen OB, Oosterhuis D, Lantinga VA, Thorne AM, Lascaris B, van den Heuvel MC, Wells RG, Olinga P, de Meijer VE, Porte RJ. Restoration of Bile Duct Injury of Donor Livers During Ex Situ Normothermic Machine Perfusion. Transplantation 2023; 107:e161-e172. [PMID: 36721302 PMCID: PMC10205124 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND End-ischemic ex situ normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) enables assessment of donor livers prior to transplantation. The objective of this study was to provide support for bile composition as a marker of biliary viability and to investigate whether bile ducts of high-risk human donor livers already undergo repair during NMP. METHODS Forty-two livers that were initially declined for transplantation were included in our NMP clinical trial. After NMP, livers were either secondary declined (n = 17) or accepted for transplantation (n = 25) based on the chemical composition of bile and perfusate samples. Bile duct biopsies were taken before and after NMP and assessed using an established histological injury severity scoring system and a comprehensive immunohistochemical assessment focusing on peribiliary glands (PBGs), vascular damage, and regeneration. RESULTS Bile ducts of livers that were transplanted after viability testing during NMP showed better preservation of PBGs, (micro)vasculature, and increased cholangiocyte proliferation, compared with declined livers. Biliary bicarbonate, glucose, and pH were confirmed as accurate biomarkers of bile duct vitality. In addition, we found evidence of PBG-based progenitor cell differentiation toward mature cholangiocytes during NMP. CONCLUSIONS Favorable bile chemistry during NMP correlates well with better-preserved biliary microvasculature and PBGs, with a preserved capacity for biliary regeneration. During NMP, biliary tree progenitor cells start to differentiate toward mature cholangiocytes, facilitating restoration of the ischemically damaged surface epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris E.M. de Jong
- Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Silke B. Bodewes
- Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Otto B. van Leeuwen
- Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dorenda Oosterhuis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Veerle A. Lantinga
- Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Adam M. Thorne
- Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bianca Lascaris
- Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marius C. van den Heuvel
- Department of Pathology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rebecca G. Wells
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Peter Olinga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent E. de Meijer
- Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert J. Porte
- Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department of Surgery, Division of HPB and Transplant Surgery, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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3
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Suriguga S, Li M, Luangmonkong T, Boersema M, de Jong KP, Oosterhuis D, Gorter AR, Beljaars L, Olinga P. Distinct responses between healthy and cirrhotic human livers upon lipopolysaccharide challenge: possible implications for acute-on-chronic liver failure. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2022; 323:G114-G125. [PMID: 35727919 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00243.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) are at risk of developing acute hepatic decompensation and organ failures with an unraveled complex mechanism. An altered immune response toward insults in cirrhotic compared with healthy livers may contribute to the ACLF development. Therefore, we aim to investigate the differences in inflammatory responses between cirrhotic and healthy livers using human precision-cut liver slices (PCLSs) upon the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. PCLSs prepared from livers of patients with cirrhosis or healthy donors of liver transplantation were incubated ex vivo with or without LPS for up to 48 h. Viability test, qRT-PCR, and multiplex cytokine assay were performed. Regulation of the LPS receptors during incubation or with LPS challenge differed between healthy versus cirrhotic PCLSs. LPS upregulated TLR-2 in healthy PCLSs solely (P < 0.01). Culturing for 48 h induced a stronger inflammatory response in the cirrhotic than healthy PCLS. Upon LPS stimulation, cirrhotic PCLSs secreted more proinflammatory cytokines (IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α, eotaxin, and VEGF) significantly and less anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1ra) than those of healthy. In summary, cirrhotic PCLSs released more proinflammatory and less anti-inflammatory cytokines after LPS stimuli than healthy, leading to dysregulated inflammatory response. These events could possibly resemble the liver immune response in ACLF.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Precision-cut liver slices (PCLSs) model provides a unique platform to investigate the different immune responses of healthy versus cirrhotic livers in humans. Our data show that cirrhotic PCLSs exhibit excessive inflammatory response accompanied by a lower anti-inflammatory cytokine release in response to LPS; a better understanding of this alteration may guide the novel therapeutic approaches to mitigate the excessive inflammation during the onset of acute-on-chronic liver failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Suriguga
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology in Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, People's Republic of China.,Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mei Li
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Theerut Luangmonkong
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Miriam Boersema
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Koert P de Jong
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dorenda Oosterhuis
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A R Gorter
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Leonie Beljaars
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Olinga
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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4
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Chakraborty P, Oosterhuis D, Bonsignore R, Casini A, Olinga P, Scheffers D. An Organogold Compound as Potential Antimicrobial Agent against Drug-Resistant Bacteria: Initial Mechanistic Insights. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:3060-3070. [PMID: 34181818 PMCID: PMC8518660 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The rise of antimicrobial resistance has necessitated novel strategies to efficiently combat pathogenic bacteria. Metal-based compounds have been proven as a possible alternative to classical organic drugs. Here, we have assessed the antibacterial activity of seven gold complexes of different families. One compound, a cyclometalated Au(III) C^N complex, showed activity against Gram-positive bacteria, including multi-drug resistant clinical strains. The mechanism of action of this compound was studied in Bacillus subtilis. Overall, the studies point towards a complex mode of antibacterial action, which does not include induction of oxidative stress or cell membrane damage. A number of genes related to metal transport and homeostasis were upregulated upon short treatment of the cells with gold compound. Toxicity tests conducted on precision-cut mouse tissue slices ex vivo revealed that the organogold compound is poorly toxic to mouse liver and kidney tissues, and may thus, be treated as an antibacterial drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parichita Chakraborty
- Department of Molecular MicrobiologyGroningen Institute for Biomolecular Sciences and BiotechnologyUniversity of Groningen9747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Dorenda Oosterhuis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and BiopharmacyGroningen Research Institute of PharmacyUniversity of Groningen9713AVGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Riccardo Bonsignore
- Chair of Medicinal and Bioinorganic ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryTechnical University of MunichLichtenbergstr. 485748Garching b. MünchenGermany
| | - Angela Casini
- Chair of Medicinal and Bioinorganic ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryTechnical University of MunichLichtenbergstr. 485748Garching b. MünchenGermany
| | - Peter Olinga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and BiopharmacyGroningen Research Institute of PharmacyUniversity of Groningen9713AVGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Dirk‐Jan Scheffers
- Department of Molecular MicrobiologyGroningen Institute for Biomolecular Sciences and BiotechnologyUniversity of Groningen9747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
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5
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Majorova D, Atkins E, Martineau H, Vokral I, Oosterhuis D, Olinga P, Wren B, Cuccui J, Werling D. Use of Precision-Cut Tissue Slices as a Translational Model to Study Host-Pathogen Interaction. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:686088. [PMID: 34150901 PMCID: PMC8212980 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.686088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent increase in new technologies to analyze host-pathogen interaction has fostered a race to develop new methodologies to assess these not only on the cellular level, but also on the tissue level. Due to mouse-other mammal differences, there is a desperate need to develop relevant tissue models that can more closely recapitulate the host tissue during disease and repair. Whereas organoids and organs-on-a-chip technologies have their benefits, they still cannot provide the cellular and structural complexity of the host tissue. Here, precision cut tissue slices (PCTS) may provide invaluable models for complex ex-vivo generated tissues to assess host-pathogen interaction as well as potential vaccine responses in a “whole organ” manner. In this mini review, we discuss the current literature regarding PCTS in veterinary species and advocate that PCTS represent remarkable tools to further close the gap between target identification, subsequent translation of results into clinical studies, and thus opening avenues for future precision medicine approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Majorova
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Atkins
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Henny Martineau
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ivan Vokral
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Dorenda Oosterhuis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Peter Olinga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Brendan Wren
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jon Cuccui
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dirk Werling
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, United Kingdom
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6
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Iswandana R, Pham BT, Suriguga S, Luangmonkong T, van Wijk LA, Jansen YJM, Oosterhuis D, Mutsaers HAM, Olinga P. Murine Precision-cut Intestinal Slices as a Potential Screening Tool for Antifibrotic Drugs. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2020; 26:678-686. [PMID: 31943022 PMCID: PMC7150673 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izz329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal fibrosis is a hallmark of Crohn's disease. Here, we investigated the impact of several putative antifibrotic compounds on the expression of fibrosis markers using murine precision-cut intestinal slices. METHODS Murine precision-cut intestinal slices were cultured for 48 hours in the presence of profibrotic and/or antifibrotic compounds. The fibrotic process was studied on gene and protein level using procollagen 1a1 (Col1α1), heat shock protein 47 (Hsp47), fibronectin (Fn2), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (Pai-1). The effects of potential antifibrotic drugs mainly inhibiting the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) pathway (eg, valproic acid, tetrandrine, pirfenidone, SB203580, and LY2109761) and compounds mainly acting on the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) pathway (eg, imatinib, sorafenib, and sunitinib) were assessed in the model at nontoxic concentrations. RESULTS Murine precision-cut intestinal slices remained viable for 48 hours, and an increased expression of fibrosis markers was observed during culture, including Hsp47, Fn2, and Pai-1. Furthermore, TGF-β1 stimulated fibrogenesis, whereas PDGF did not have an effect. Regarding the tested antifibrotics, pirfenidone, LY2109761, and sunitinib had the most pronounced impact on the expression of fibrosis markers, both in the absence and presence of profibrotic factors, as illustrated by reduced levels of Col1α1, Hsp47, Fn2, and Pai-1 after treatment. Moreover, sunitinib significantly reduced Hsp47 and Fn2 protein expression and the excretion of procollagen 1. CONCLUSIONS Precision-cut intestinal slices can successfully be used as a potential preclinical screening tool for antifibrotic drugs. We demonstrated that sunitinib reduced the expression of several fibrosis markers, warranting further evaluation of this compound for the treatment of intestinal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raditya Iswandana
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands,Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Bao Tung Pham
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands,Department of Pharmaceutics, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Su Suriguga
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Theerut Luangmonkong
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Louise A van Wijk
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Yvette J M Jansen
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dorenda Oosterhuis
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Henricus Antonius Maria Mutsaers
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Peter Olinga
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands,Address correspondence to: Professor Peter Olinga, Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, the Netherlands. E-mail:
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7
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Bigaeva E, Gore E, Mutsaers HAM, Oosterhuis D, Kim YO, Schuppan D, Bank RA, Boersema M, Olinga P. Exploring organ-specific features of fibrogenesis using murine precision-cut tissue slices. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1866:165582. [PMID: 31676376 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis is the hallmark of pathologic tissue remodelling in most chronic diseases. Despite advances in our understanding of the mechanisms of fibrosis, it remains uncured. Fibrogenic processes share conserved core cellular and molecular pathways across organs. In this study, we aimed to elucidate shared and organ-specific features of fibrosis using murine precision-cut tissue slices (PCTS) prepared from small intestine, liver and kidneys. PCTS displayed substantial differences in their baseline gene expression profiles: 70% of the extracellular matrix (ECM)-related genes were differentially expressed across the organs. Culture for 48 h induced significant changes in ECM regulation and triggered the onset of fibrogenesis in all PCTS in organ-specific manner. TGFβ signalling was activated during 48 h culture in all PCTS. However, the degree of its involvement varied: both canonical and non-canonical TGFβ pathways were activated in liver and kidney slices, while only canonical, Smad-dependent, cascade was involved in intestinal slices. The treatment with galunisertib blocked the TGFβRI/SMAD2 signalling in all PCTS, but attenuated culture-induced dysregulation of ECM homeostasis and mitigated the onset of fibrogenesis with organ-specificity. In conclusion, regardless the many common features in pathophysiology of organ fibrosis, PCTS displayed diversity in culture-induced responses and in response to the treatment with TGFβRI kinase inhibitor galunisertib, even though it targets a core fibrosis pathway. A clear understanding of the common and organ-specific features of fibrosis is the basis for developing novel antifibrotic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Bigaeva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Emilia Gore
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Henricus A M Mutsaers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Dorenda Oosterhuis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Yong Ook Kim
- Institute of Translational Immunology and Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Obere Zahlbacherstraße 63, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Detlef Schuppan
- Institute of Translational Immunology and Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Obere Zahlbacherstraße 63, Mainz 55131, Germany; Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 330 Brookline Avenue, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ruud A Bank
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Miriam Boersema
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Olinga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, the Netherlands.
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8
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de Jong IE, Matton AP, van Praagh JB, van Haaften WT, Wiersema‐Buist J, van Wijk LA, Oosterhuis D, Iswandana R, Suriguga S, Overi D, Lisman T, Carpino G, Gouw AS, Olinga P, Gaudio E, Porte RJ. Peribiliary Glands Are Key in Regeneration of the Human Biliary Epithelium After Severe Bile Duct Injury. Hepatology 2019; 69:1719-1734. [PMID: 30506902 PMCID: PMC6594148 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Peribiliary glands (PBG) are a source of stem/progenitor cells organized in a cellular network encircling large bile ducts. Severe cholangiopathy with loss of luminal biliary epithelium has been proposed to activate PBG, resulting in cell proliferation and differentiation to restore biliary epithelial integrity. However, formal evidence for this concept in human livers is lacking. We therefore developed an ex vivo model using precision-cut slices of extrahepatic human bile ducts obtained from discarded donor livers, providing an intact anatomical organization of cell structures, to study spatiotemporal differentiation and migration of PBG cells after severe biliary injury. Postischemic bile duct slices were incubated in oxygenated culture medium for up to a week. At baseline, severe tissue injury was evident with loss of luminal epithelial lining and mural stroma necrosis. In contrast, PBG remained relatively well preserved and different reactions of PBG were noted, including PBG dilatation, cell proliferation, and maturation. Proliferation of PBG cells increased after 24 hours of oxygenated incubation, reaching a peak after 72 hours. Proliferation of PBG cells was paralleled by a reduction in PBG apoptosis and differentiation from a primitive and pluripotent (homeobox protein Nanog+/ sex-determining region Y-box 9+) to a mature (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator+/secretin receptor+) and activated phenotype (increased expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha, glucose transporter 1, and vascular endothelial growth factor A). Migration of proliferating PBG cells in our ex vivo model was unorganized, but resulted in generation of epithelial monolayers at stromal surfaces. Conclusion: Human PBG contain biliary progenitor cells and are able to respond to bile duct epithelial loss with proliferation, differentiation, and maturation to restore epithelial integrity. The ex vivo spatiotemporal behavior of human PBG cells provides evidence for a pivotal role of PBG in biliary regeneration after severe injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris E.M. de Jong
- Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of SurgeryUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands,Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of SurgeryUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Alix P.M. Matton
- Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of SurgeryUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands,Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of SurgeryUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Jasper B. van Praagh
- Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of SurgeryUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands,Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and BiopharmacyUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Wouter T. van Haaften
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and BiopharmacyUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Janneke Wiersema‐Buist
- Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of SurgeryUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Louise A. van Wijk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and BiopharmacyUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Dorenda Oosterhuis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and BiopharmacyUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Raditya Iswandana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and BiopharmacyUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands,Faculty of PharmacyUniversitas IndonesiaIndonesia
| | - Su Suriguga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and BiopharmacyUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Diletta Overi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic SciencesSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Ton Lisman
- Surgical Research Laboratory, Department of SurgeryUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Guido Carpino
- Division of Health Sciences, Department of Movement, Human and Health SciencesUniversity of Rome “Foro Italico”RomeItaly
| | - Annette S.H. Gouw
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Peter Olinga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and BiopharmacyUniversity of GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
| | - Eugenio Gaudio
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic SciencesSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Robert J. Porte
- Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of SurgeryUniversity of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningenthe Netherlands
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9
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Karsten REH, Oosterhuis D, van Wijk LA, Olinga P. Ex Vivo Model in Cholestasis Research. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1981:351-362. [PMID: 31016666 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9420-5_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To mimic (human) cholestasis in vitro requires multiple triggers to establish a diseased phenotype. However, this is currently not simulated by existing in vitro models. Therefore, there is a high need for multicellular systems similar to the human physiology. In such an in vitro model, cell-cell interactions and intact bile canaliculi with functional bile flow should be present and preserved during long-term culture. Precision-cut liver slices represent an ex vivo tissue culture technique that replicates most of the multicellular characteristics of a whole liver in vivo. This chapter describes the preparation and culturing of (human) precision-cut liver slices. Furthermore, a protocol to use the precision-cut liver slices technique to predict drug-induced cholestatic liver injury is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruby E H Karsten
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dorenda Oosterhuis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Louise A van Wijk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Olinga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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10
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Iswandana R, Irianti MI, Oosterhuis D, Hofker HS, Merema MT, de Jager MH, Mutsaers HAM, Olinga P. Regional Differences in Human Intestinal Drug Metabolism. Drug Metab Dispos 2018; 46:1879-1885. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.118.083428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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11
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Luangmonkong T, Suriguga S, Adhyatmika A, Adlia A, Oosterhuis D, Suthisisang C, de Jong KP, Mutsaers HAM, Olinga P. In vitro and ex vivo anti-fibrotic effects of LY2109761, a small molecule inhibitor against TGF-β. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 355:127-137. [PMID: 30008374 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a pathophysiological state characterized by the excessive formation/deposition of fibrous extracellular matrix. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a central profibrotic mediator, and targeting TGF-β is a promising strategy in the development of drugs for the treatment of fibrosis. Therefore, the effect of LY2109761, a small molecule inhibitor against TGF-β with targets beyond TGF-β signaling, on fibrogenesis was elucidated in vitro (HepG2 cells and LX-2 cells) and ex vivo (human and rat precision-cut liver slices). Our results displayed an anti-fibrotic effect of LY2109761, as it markedly down-regulated gene and protein expression of collagen type 1, as well as gene expression of the inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1. This effect on fibrosis markers was partially mediated by targeting TGF-β signaling, seeing that LY2109761 inhibited TGF-β1 gene expression and SMAD2 protein phosphorylation. Interestingly, particularly at a high concentration, LY2109761 decreased SMAD1 protein phosphorylation and gene expression of the inhibitor of DNA binding 1, which appeared to be TGF-β-independent effects. In conclusion, LY2109761 exhibited preclinical anti-fibrotic effects via both TGF-β-dependent and -independent pathways. These results illustrate that small molecule inhibitors directed against TGF-β could possibly influence numerous signaling pathways and thereby mitigate fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theerut Luangmonkong
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Thailand; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Su Suriguga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Adhyatmika Adhyatmika
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Amirah Adlia
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dorenda Oosterhuis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Koert P de Jong
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henricus A M Mutsaers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Peter Olinga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
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12
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Pasricha SR, Lim PJ, Duarte TL, Casu C, Oosterhuis D, Mleczko-Sanecka K, Suciu M, Da Silva AR, Al-Hourani K, Arezes J, McHugh K, Gooding S, Frost JN, Wray K, Santos A, Porto G, Repapi E, Gray N, Draper SJ, Ashley N, Soilleux E, Olinga P, Muckenthaler MU, Hughes JR, Rivella S, Milne TA, Armitage AE, Drakesmith H. Hepcidin is regulated by promoter-associated histone acetylation and HDAC3. Nat Commun 2017; 8:403. [PMID: 28864822 PMCID: PMC5581335 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00500-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepcidin regulates systemic iron homeostasis. Suppression of hepcidin expression occurs physiologically in iron deficiency and increased erythropoiesis but is pathologic in thalassemia and hemochromatosis. Here we show that epigenetic events govern hepcidin expression. Erythropoiesis and iron deficiency suppress hepcidin via erythroferrone-dependent and -independent mechanisms, respectively, in vivo, but both involve reversible loss of H3K9ac and H3K4me3 at the hepcidin locus. In vitro, pan-histone deacetylase inhibition elevates hepcidin expression, and in vivo maintains H3K9ac at hepcidin-associated chromatin and abrogates hepcidin suppression by erythropoietin, iron deficiency, thalassemia, and hemochromatosis. Histone deacetylase 3 and its cofactor NCOR1 regulate hepcidin; histone deacetylase 3 binds chromatin at the hepcidin locus, and histone deacetylase 3 knockdown counteracts hepcidin suppression induced either by erythroferrone or by inhibiting bone morphogenetic protein signaling. In iron deficient mice, the histone deacetylase 3 inhibitor RGFP966 increases hepcidin, and RNA sequencing confirms hepcidin is one of the genes most differentially regulated by this drug in vivo. We conclude that suppression of hepcidin expression involves epigenetic regulation by histone deacetylase 3.Hepcidin controls systemic iron levels by inhibiting intestinal iron absorption and iron recycling. Here, Pasricha et al. demonstrate that the hepcidin-chromatin locus displays HDAC3-mediated reversible epigenetic modifications during both erythropoiesis and iron deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sant-Rayn Pasricha
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
| | - Pei Jin Lim
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Tiago L Duarte
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Casu
- Division of Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Dorenda Oosterhuis
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9700-AD, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Katarzyna Mleczko-Sanecka
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, University of Heidelberg; and Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit, Heidelberg, 69117, Germany
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Suciu
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Ana Rita Da Silva
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, University of Heidelberg; and Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit, Heidelberg, 69117, Germany
| | - Kinda Al-Hourani
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - João Arezes
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Kirsty McHugh
- Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Sarah Gooding
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Joe N Frost
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Katherine Wray
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Ana Santos
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Graça Porto
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto Portugal, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Emmanouela Repapi
- Computational Biology Research Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Nicki Gray
- Computational Biology Research Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Simon J Draper
- Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Neil Ashley
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Elizabeth Soilleux
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Cambridge University, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Peter Olinga
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9700-AD, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martina U Muckenthaler
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, University of Heidelberg; and Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit, Heidelberg, 69117, Germany
| | - Jim R Hughes
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Stefano Rivella
- Division of Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Thomas A Milne
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Andrew E Armitage
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Hal Drakesmith
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
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13
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Luangmonkong T, Suriguga S, Bigaeva E, Boersema M, Oosterhuis D, de Jong KP, Schuppan D, Mutsaers HAM, Olinga P. Evaluating the antifibrotic potency of galunisertib in a human ex vivo model of liver fibrosis. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:3107-3117. [PMID: 28691737 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Liver fibrosis is a major cause of liver-related mortality and, so far, no effective antifibrotic drug is available. Galunisertib, a TGF-β receptor type I kinase inhibitor, is a potential candidate for the treatment of liver fibrosis. Here, we evaluated the potency of galunisertib in a human ex vivo model of liver fibrosis. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Antifibrotic potency and associated mechanisms were studied ex vivo, using both healthy and cirrhotic human precision-cut liver slices. Fibrosis-related parameters, both transcriptional and translational level, were assessed after treatment with galunisertib. KEY RESULTS Galunisertib showed a prominent antifibrotic potency. Phosphorylation of SMAD2 was inhibited, while that of SMAD1 remained unchanged. In healthy and cirrhotic human livers, spontaneous transcription of numerous genes encoding collagens, including collagen type I, α 1, collagen maturation, non-collageneous extracellular matrix (ECM) components, ECM remodelling and selected ECM receptors was significantly decreased. The reduction of fibrosis-related transcription was paralleled by a significant inhibition of procollagen I C-peptide released by both healthy and cirrhotic human liver slices. Moreover, galunisertib showed similar antifibrotic potency in human and rat lives. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Galunisertib is a drug that deserves to be further investigated for the treatment of liver fibrosis. Inhibition of SMAD2 phosphorylation is probably a central mechanism of action. In addition, blocking the production and maturation of collagens and promoting their degradation are related to the antifibrotic action of galunisertib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theerut Luangmonkong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Su Suriguga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Emilia Bigaeva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Miriam Boersema
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dorenda Oosterhuis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Koert P de Jong
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Detlef Schuppan
- Institute of Translational Immunology and Research Center for Immunotherapy, University of Mainz Medical Center, Mainz, Germany.,Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Henricus A M Mutsaers
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Olinga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
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14
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Iswandana R, Pham BT, van Haaften WT, Luangmonkong T, Oosterhuis D, Mutsaers HAM, Olinga P. Organ- and species-specific biological activity of rosmarinic acid. Toxicol In Vitro 2016; 32:261-8. [PMID: 26804033 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA), a compound found in several plant species, has beneficial properties, including anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects. We investigated the toxicity, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic effects of RA using precision-cut liver slices (PCLS) and precision-cut intestinal slices (PCIS) prepared from human, mouse, and rat tissue. PCLS and PCIS were cultured up to 48 h in the absence or presence of RA. Gene expression of the inflammatory markers: IL-6, IL-8/CXCL1/KC, and IL-1β, as well as the fibrosis markers: pro-collagen 1a1, heat shock protein 47, α-smooth muscle actin, fibronectin (Fn2) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) were evaluated by qPCR. RA was only toxic in murine PCIS. RA failed to mitigate the inflammatory response in most models, while it clearly reduced IL-6 and CXCL1/KC gene expression in murine PCIS at non-toxic concentrations. With regard to fibrosis, RA decreased the gene levels of Fn2 and PAI-1 in murine PCLS, and Fn2 in murine PCIS. Yet, no effect was observed on the gene expression of fibrosis markers in human and rat PCIS. In conclusion, we observed clear organ- and species-specific effects of RA. RA had little influence on inflammation. However, our study further establishes RA as a potential candidate for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Iswandana
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia.
| | - B T Pham
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmaceutics, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Vietnam.
| | - W T van Haaften
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - T Luangmonkong
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Thailand.
| | - D Oosterhuis
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - H A M Mutsaers
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - P Olinga
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
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15
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Poosti F, Pham BT, Oosterhuis D, Poelstra K, van Goor H, Olinga P, Hillebrands JL. Precision-cut kidney slices (PCKS) to study development of renal fibrosis and efficacy of drug targeting ex vivo. Dis Model Mech 2015; 8:1227-36. [PMID: 26112172 PMCID: PMC4610232 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.020172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a serious clinical problem resulting in the greatest need for renal replacement therapy. No adequate preventive or curative therapy is available that could be clinically used to target renal fibrosis specifically. The search for new efficacious treatment strategies is therefore warranted. Although in vitro models using homogeneous cell populations have contributed to the understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms involved in renal fibrosis, these models poorly mimic the complex in vivo milieu. Therefore, we here evaluated a precision-cut kidney slice (PCKS) model as a new, multicellular ex vivo model to study the development of fibrosis and its prevention using anti-fibrotic compounds. Precision-cut slices (200-300 μm thickness) were prepared from healthy C57BL/6 mouse kidneys using a Krumdieck tissue slicer. To induce changes mimicking the fibrotic process, slices were incubated with TGFβ1 (5 ng/ml) for 48 h in the presence or absence of the anti-fibrotic cytokine IFNγ (1 µg/ml) or an IFNγ conjugate targeted to PDGFRβ (PPB-PEG-IFNγ). Following culture, tissue viability (ATP-content) and expression of α-SMA, fibronectin, collagen I and collagen III were determined using real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. Slices remained viable up to 72 h of incubation, and no significant effects of TGFβ1 and IFNγ on viability were observed. TGFβ1 markedly increased α-SMA, fibronectin and collagen I mRNA and protein expression levels. IFNγ and PPB-PEG-IFNγ significantly reduced TGFβ1-induced fibronectin, collagen I and collagen III mRNA expression, which was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. The PKCS model is a novel tool to test the pathophysiology of fibrosis and to screen the efficacy of anti-fibrotic drugs ex vivo in a multicellular and pro-fibrotic milieu. A major advantage of the slice model is that it can be used not only for animal but also for (fibrotic) human kidney tissue. Drug Discovery Collection: TGFβ induces renal fibrosis in ex vivo cultured precision-cut kidney slices, which can be attenuated by IFNγ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Poosti
- Departments of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9713 GZ, The Netherlands
| | - Bao Tung Pham
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Dorenda Oosterhuis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Klaas Poelstra
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Harry van Goor
- Departments of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9713 GZ, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Olinga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Jan-Luuk Hillebrands
- Departments of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9713 GZ, The Netherlands
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16
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Pham BT, van Haaften WT, Oosterhuis D, Nieken J, de Graaf IAM, Olinga P. Precision-cut rat, mouse, and human intestinal slices as novel models for the early-onset of intestinal fibrosis. Physiol Rep 2015; 3:3/4/e12323. [PMID: 25907784 PMCID: PMC4425951 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal fibrosis (IF) is a major complication of inflammatory bowel disease. IF research is limited by the lack of relevant in vitro and in vivo models. We evaluated precision-cut intestinal slices (PCIS) prepared from human, rat, and mouse intestine as ex vivo models mimicking the early-onset of (human) IF. Precision-cut intestinal slices prepared from human (h), rat (r), and mouse (m) jejunum, were incubated up to 72 h, the viability of PCIS was assessed by ATP content and morphology, and the gene expression of several fibrosis markers was determined. The viability of rPCIS decreased after 24 h of incubation, whereas mPCIS and hPCIS were viable up to 72 h of culturing. Furthermore, during this period, gene expression of heat shock protein 47 and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 increased in all PCIS in addition to augmented expression of synaptophysin in hPCIS, fibronectin (Fn2) and TGF-β1 in rPCIS, and Fn2 and connective tissue growth factor (Ctgf) in mPCIS. Addition of TGF-β1 to rPCIS or mPCIS induced the gene expression of the fibrosis markers Pro-collagen1a1, Fn2, and Ctgf in both species. However, none of the fibrosis markers was further elevated in hPCIS. We successfully developed a novel ex vivo model that can mimic the early-onset of fibrosis in the intestine using human, rat, and mouse PCIS. Furthermore, in rat and mouse PCIS, TGF-β1 was able to even further increase the gene expression of fibrosis markers. This indicates that PCIS can be used as a model for the early-onset of IF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Tung Pham
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter Tobias van Haaften
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dorenda Oosterhuis
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Judith Nieken
- Pathology Friesland Foundation, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Inge Anne Maria de Graaf
- Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Olinga
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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17
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Mutsaers H, Westra I, Stribos I, Oosterhuis D, Olinga P. Human Precision‐Cut Tissue Slices as a Tool to Study Fibrosis and the Efficacy of Antifibrotic Compounds. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.53.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Henricus Mutsaers
- Div. of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy University of GroningenNetherlands
| | - Inge Westra
- Div. of PharmacokineticsToxicology and Targeting University of GroningenNetherlands
| | - Isabel Stribos
- Div. of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy University of GroningenNetherlands
| | - Dorenda Oosterhuis
- Div. of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy University of GroningenNetherlands
| | - Peter Olinga
- Div. of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy University of GroningenNetherlands
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18
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Westra IM, Oosterhuis D, Groothuis GMM, Olinga P. The effect of antifibrotic drugs in rat precision-cut fibrotic liver slices. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95462. [PMID: 24755660 PMCID: PMC3995767 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two important signaling pathways in liver fibrosis are the PDGF- and TGFβ pathway and compounds inhibiting these pathways are currently developed as antifibrotic drugs. Testing antifibrotic drugs requires large numbers of animal experiments with high discomfort. Therefore, a method to study these drugs ex vivo was developed using precision-cut liver slices from fibrotic rat livers (fPCLS), representing an ex vivo model with a multicellular fibrotic environment. We characterized the fibrotic process in fPCLS from rat livers after 3 weeks of bile duct ligation (BDL) during incubation and tested compounds predominantly inhibiting the TGFβ pathway (perindopril, valproic acid, rosmarinic acid, tetrandrine and pirfenidone) and PDGF pathway (imatinib, sorafenib and sunitinib). Gene expression of heat shock protein 47 (Hsp47), α smooth muscle actin (αSma) and pro-collagen 1A1 (Pcol1A1) and protein expression of collagens were determined. During 48 hours of incubation, the fibrosis process continued in control fPCLS as judged by the increased gene expression of the three fibrosis markers, and the protein expression of collagen 1, mature fibrillar collagen and total collagen. Most PDGF-inhibitors and TGFβ-inhibitors significantly inhibited the increase in gene expression of Hsp47, αSma and Pcol1A1. Protein expression of collagen 1 was significantly reduced by all PDGF-inhibitors and TGFβ-inhibitors, while total collagen was decreased by rosmarinic acid and tetrandrine only. However, fibrillar collagen expression was not changed by any of the drugs. In conclusion, rat fPCLS can be used as a functional ex vivo model of established liver fibrosis to test antifibrotic compounds inhibiting the PDGF- and TGFβ signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge M. Westra
- Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dorenda Oosterhuis
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Geny M. M. Groothuis
- Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Olinga
- Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Westra IM, Oosterhuis D, Groothuis GMM, Olinga P. Precision-cut liver slices as a model for the early onset of liver fibrosis to test antifibrotic drugs. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2014; 274:328-38. [PMID: 24321339 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Revised: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Induction of fibrosis during prolonged culture of precision-cut liver slices (PCLS) was reported. In this study, the use of rat PCLS was investigated to further characterize the mechanism of early onset of fibrosis in this model and the effects of antifibrotic compounds. Rat PCLS were incubated for 48h, viability was assessed by ATP and gene expression of PDGF-B and TGF-β1 and the fibrosis markers Hsp47, αSma and Pcol1A1 and collagen1 protein expressions were determined. The effects of the antifibrotic drugs imatinib, sorafenib and sunitinib, PDGF-pathway inhibitors, and perindopril, valproic acid, rosmarinic acid, tetrandrine and pirfenidone, TGFβ-pathway inhibitors, were determined. After 48h of incubation, viability of the PCLS was maintained and gene expression of PDGF-B was increased while TGF-β1 was not changed. Hsp47, αSma and Pcol1A1 gene expressions were significantly elevated in PCLS after 48h, which was further increased by PDGF-BB and TGF-β1. The increased gene expression of fibrosis markers was inhibited by all three PDGF-inhibitors, while TGFβ-inhibitors showed marginal effects. The protein expression of collagen 1 was inhibited by imatinib, perindopril, tetrandrine and pirfenidone. In conclusion, the increased gene expression of PDGF-B and the down-regulation of fibrosis markers by PDGF-pathway inhibitors, together with the absence of elevated TGF-β1 gene expression and the limited effect of the TGFβ-pathway inhibitors, indicated the predominance of the PDGF pathway in the early onset of fibrosis in PCLS. PCLS appear a useful model for research of the early onset of fibrosis and for testing of antifibrotic drugs acting on the PDGF pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge M Westra
- Division of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dorenda Oosterhuis
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Geny M M Groothuis
- Division of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Olinga
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Heijink DM, Kleibeuker JH, Nagengast WB, Oosterhuis D, Brouwers AH, Koornstra JJ, de Jong S, de Vries EG. Total Abdominal 18F-FDG Uptake Reflects Intestinal Adenoma Burden in Apc Mutant Mice. J Nucl Med 2011; 52:431-6. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.110.083956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Heijink DM, Jalving M, Oosterhuis D, Sloots IA, Koster R, Hollema H, Kleibeuker JH, Koornstra JJ, de Vries EGE, de Jong S. TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand cooperates with NSAIDs via activated Wnt signalling in (pre)malignant colon cells. J Pathol 2010; 223:378-89. [PMID: 21171083 DOI: 10.1002/path.2797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2010] [Revised: 09/08/2010] [Accepted: 09/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptor agonistic agents and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are interesting agents for the chemoprevention and treatment of colorectal cancer. We investigated whether NSAIDs sensitize colon cancer and adenoma cell lines and ex vivo cultured human adenomas to recombinant human (rh)TRAIL. Involvement of the crucial Wnt signalling pathway in the sensitization of colon cancer cells was examined. Five colon cancer and two adenoma cell lines, human ex vivo adenomas and normal colonic epithelium were treated with aspirin or sulindac combined with rhTRAIL. Apoptosis levels, expression of intracellular proteins and TRAIL receptor membrane expression were assessed. Ls174T cells stably transfected with an inducible dominant negative TCF-4 (dnTCF-4) construct served to analyse the role of Wnt pathway activation. Both rhTRAIL-sensitive and -resistant colon cancer cell lines were strongly sensitized to rhTRAIL by aspirin (maximum enhancement ratio, 7.1). Remarkably, in adenoma cell lines sulindac enhanced rhTRAIL-induced apoptosis most effectively (maximum enhancement ratio, 2.5). Although membrane TRAIL receptor expression was not affected by NSAIDs, caspase-8 activation was enhanced by combinational treatment. Several proteins from different biological pathways were affected by NSAIDs, indicating complex mechanisms of sensitization. Elimination of TCF-4 completely blocked the sensitizing effect in colon cancer cells. In ex vivo adenomas the combination of sulindac and rhTRAIL increased apoptosis from 18.4% (sulindac) and 17.8% (rhTRAIL) to 28.0% (p = 0.003 and p = 0.005, respectively). It was concluded that NSAID-induced sensitization to rhTRAIL requires TCF-4 activity. Thus, the combination of TRAIL-receptor agonistic agents and NSAIDs is a potentially attractive treatment option for (pre)malignant tumours with constitutively active Wnt signalling, such as colorectal tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianne M Heijink
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
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Rots MG, Elferink MGL, Gommans WM, Oosterhuis D, Schalk JAC, Curiel DT, Olinga P, Haisma HJ, Groothuis GMM. Anex vivo human model system to evaluate specificity of replicating and non-replicating gene therapy agents. J Gene Med 2005; 8:35-41. [PMID: 16044485 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inefficiency, aspecificity and toxicity of gene transfer vectors hamper gene therapy from showing its full potential. On this basis significant research currently focuses on developing vectors with improved infection and/or expression profiles. Screening assays with validity to the clinical context to determine improved characteristics of such agents are not readily available since this requires a close relationship to the human situation. We present a clinically relevant tissue slice technology to preclinically test improved vector characteristics. METHODS Slices were prepared from rat, mouse and human liver samples and from tumor tissue. Specificity of gene expression and replication was determined by infecting target and non-target tissue slices with transcriptionally retargeted adenoviruses and oncolytic viruses. RESULTS Using rat liver slices, we demonstrate efficient knob-mediated adenoviral infectivity. A favorable tumor-on/liver-off profile, resembling in vitro and mouse in vivo data, was shown for a tumor-specific transcriptionally retargeted adenovirus by infecting slices prepared from tumor or liver tissue. Similar liver-off data were found for mouse, rat and human samples (over 3-log lower activity of the tumor-specific promoter compared to cytomegalovirus (CMV)). More importantly, we show that this technology when applied to human livers is a powerful tool to determine aspecific replication of oncolytic viruses in liver tissue. A 2- to 6-log reduction in viral replication was observed for a tumor-specific oncolytic virus compared to the wild-type adenovirus. CONCLUSIONS The precision-cut tissue slice technology is a powerful method to test specificity and efficiency of gene transfer as well as of viral replication using human tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Rots
- Department of Therapeutic Gene Modulation, Groningen University Institute for Drug Exploration, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
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