1
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Longfellow B, Gallant AT, Sargsyan GH, Burkey MT, Hirsh TY, Savard G, Scielzo ND, Varriano L, Brodeur M, Burdette DP, Clark JA, Lascar D, Launey KD, Mueller P, Ray D, Sharma KS, Valverde AA, Wilson GL, Yan XL. Improved Tensor Current Limit from ^{8}B β Decay Including New Recoil-Order Calculations. Phys Rev Lett 2024; 132:142502. [PMID: 38640383 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.142502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
A precision measurement of the β^{+} decay of ^{8}B was performed using the Beta-decay Paul Trap to determine the β-ν angular correlation coefficient a_{βν}. The experimental results were combined with new ab initio symmetry-adapted no-core shell-model calculations to yield the second-most precise measurement from Gamow-Teller decays, a_{βν}=-0.3345±0.0019_{stat}±0.0021_{syst}. This value agrees with the standard model value of -1/3 and improves uncertainties in ^{8}B by nearly a factor of 2. By combining results from ^{8}B and ^{8}Li, a tight limit on tensor current coupling to right-handed neutrinos was obtained. A recent global evaluation of all other precision β decay studies suggested a nonzero value for right-handed neutrino coupling in contradiction with the standard model at just above 3σ. The present results are of comparable sensitivity and do not support this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Longfellow
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A T Gallant
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - G H Sargsyan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M T Burkey
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - T Y Hirsh
- Soreq Nuclear Research Center, Yavne 81800, Israel
| | - G Savard
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - N D Scielzo
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - L Varriano
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - M Brodeur
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - D P Burdette
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - J A Clark
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D Lascar
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - K D Launey
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - P Mueller
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D Ray
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - K S Sharma
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - A A Valverde
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - G L Wilson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - X L Yan
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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2
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Ray D, Sheldon EL, Zimmer C, Martin LB, Schrey AW. Screening H3 Histone Acetylation in a Wild Bird, the House Sparrow ( Passer Domesticus). Integr Org Biol 2024; 6:obae004. [PMID: 38516554 PMCID: PMC10956398 DOI: 10.1093/iob/obae004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms are increasingly understood to have major impacts across ecology. However, one molecular epigenetic mechanism, DNA methylation, currently dominates the literature. A second mechanism, histone modification, is likely important to ecologically relevant phenotypes and thus warrants investigation, especially because molecular interplay between methylation and histone acetylation can strongly affect gene expression. There are a limited number of histone acetylation studies on non-model organisms, yet those that exist show that it can impact gene expression and phenotypic plasticity. Wild birds provide an excellent system to investigate histone acetylation, as free-living individuals must rapidly adjust to environmental change. Here, we screen histone acetylation in the house sparrow (Passer domesticus); we studied this species because DNA methylation was important in the spread of this bird globally. This species has one of the broadest geographic distributions in the world, and part of this success is related to the way that it uses methylation to regulate its gene expression. Here, we verify that a commercially available assay that was developed for mammals can be used in house sparrows. We detected high variance in histone acetylation among individuals in both liver and spleen tissue. Further, house sparrows with higher epigenetic potential in the Toll Like Receptor-4 (TLR-4) promoter (i.e., CpG content) had higher histone acetylation in liver. Also, there was a negative correlation between histone acetylation in spleen and TLR-4 expression. In addition to validating a method for measuring histone acetylation in wild songbirds, this study also shows that histone acetylation is related to epigenetic potential and gene expression, adding a new study option for ecological epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ray
- Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University, Savannah, GA 31419, United States
| | - E L Sheldon
- USF Global Health and Infectious Disease Research Center and USF Genomics Center, College of Public Health University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
| | - C Zimmer
- Laboratoire d'Ethologie Expérimentale et Comparée, LEEC, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, UR 4443, 93430 Villetaneuse, France
| | - L B Martin
- USF Global Health and Infectious Disease Research Center and USF Genomics Center, College of Public Health University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
| | - A W Schrey
- Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University, Savannah, GA 31419, United States
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Gupta P, Saha M, Suneel V, Rathore C, Ray D, Naik A. The consequences of reduced anthropogenic activities during the COVID-19 pandemic on microplastic abundance in a tropical estuarine region: Goa, India. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:169041. [PMID: 38056653 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution is pervasive, as it has infiltrated every corner of the planet and the COVID-19 pandemic has caused a depletion in the production, consumption, and disposal of plastics. To find out the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic, a comparative assessment of microplastics (MPs) observed before and after the pandemic was evaluated in surface water and sediment from the major rivers of Goa, i.e. Mandovi and Zuari. To comprehend the relative difference in the abundance, characteristics, and source of MPs, samples were examined in both the dry and wet seasons. We found a sharp decrease in the concentration of MPs immediately after the isolated pandemic. During the dry and wet seasons, two to seven times less concentration of MPs was recorded for water and sediments after the pandemic period compared to the prior pandemic. MPs size, >300 μm were relatively abundant after the pandemic period in contrast to the prior pandemic (<300 μm sized MPs were more). Polyamide (PA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVAL), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) were the dominant polymers after the pandemic whereas earlier the dominant polymers were polyacetylene, polyacrylamide (PAM), and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP). The risk assessment of MPs in sediments (Polymer load index) was higher prior to the pandemic. The water quality parameters also indicated an improvement in the water quality during the pandemic. The present study clearly exhibited that due to the reduction of overall anthropogenic activities during the COVID-19 pandemic period, a sharp decline of plastic waste and MP abundance in the coastal water body in Goa, west coast of India was found. This study unveils the controlling factors (such as total solid waste generation, plastic waste, tourism activities, and the effect of monsoon) which influence the abundance and distribution of macro- and microplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyansha Gupta
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Mahua Saha
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| | - V Suneel
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Chayanika Rathore
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Durbar Ray
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India
| | - Akshata Naik
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403004, India
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Hoff DEM, Kolos K, Misch GW, Ray D, Liu B, Valverde AA, Brodeur M, Burdette DP, Callahan N, Clark JA, Gallant AT, Kondev FG, Morgan GE, Mumpower MR, Orford R, Porter WS, Rivero F, Savard G, Scielzo ND, Sharma KS, Sieja K, Sprouse TM, Varriano L. Direct Mass Measurements to Inform the Behavior of ^{128m}Sb in Nucleosynthetic Environments. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:262701. [PMID: 38215364 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.262701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Nuclear isomer effects are pivotal in understanding nuclear astrophysics, particularly in the rapid neutron-capture process where the population of metastable isomers can alter the radioactive decay paths of nuclei produced during astrophysical events. The β-decaying isomer ^{128m}Sb was identified as potentially impactful since the β-decay pathway along the A=128 isobar funnels into this state bypassing the ground state. We report the first direct mass measurements of the ^{128}Sb isomer and ground state using the Canadian Penning Trap mass spectrometer at Argonne National Laboratory. We find mass excesses of -84564.8(25) keV and -84608.8(21) keV, respectively, resulting in an excitation energy for the isomer of 43.9(33) keV. These results provide the first key nuclear data input for understanding the role of ^{128m}Sb in nucleosynthesis, and we show that it will influence the flow of the rapid neutron-capture process.
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Affiliation(s)
- D E M Hoff
- Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - K Kolos
- Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - G W Misch
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - D Ray
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Liu
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - A A Valverde
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - M Brodeur
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - D P Burdette
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - N Callahan
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - J A Clark
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - A T Gallant
- Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - F G Kondev
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G E Morgan
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - M R Mumpower
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Center for Theoretical Astrophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics-Center for the Evolution of the Elements, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - R Orford
- Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W S Porter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - F Rivero
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - G Savard
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - N D Scielzo
- Nuclear and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - K S Sharma
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - K Sieja
- Université de Strasbourg, IPHC, 23 rue du Loess 67037 Strasbourg, France CNRS, UMR7178, 67037 Strasbourg, France
| | - T M Sprouse
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - L Varriano
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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Sharma D, Biswas H, Chowdhury M, Silori S, Pandey M, Ray D. Phytoplankton community shift in response to experimental Cu addition at the elevated CO 2 levels (Arabian Sea, winter monsoon). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:7325-7344. [PMID: 36038690 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22709-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding phytoplankton community shifts under multiple stressors is becoming increasingly important. Among other combinations of stressors, the impact of trace metal toxicity on marine phytoplankton under the ocean acidification scenario is an important aspect to address. Such multiple stressor studies are rare from the Arabian Sea, one of the highest productive oceanic provinces within the North Indian Ocean. We studied the interactive impacts of copper (Cu) and CO2 enrichment on two natural phytoplankton communities from the eastern and central Arabian Sea. Low dissolved silicate (DSi < 2 µM) favoured smaller diatoms (e.g. Nitzschia sp.) and non-diatom (Phaeocystis). CO2 enrichment caused both positive (Nitzschia sp. and Phaeocystis sp.) and negative (Cylindrotheca closterium, Navicula sp., Pseudo-nitzschia sp., Alexandrium sp., and Gymnodinium sp.) growth impacts. The addition of Cu under the ambient CO2 level (A-CO2) hindered cell division in most of the species, whereas Chla contents were nearly unaffected. Interestingly, CO2 enrichment seemed to alleviate Cu toxicity in some species (Nitzschia sp., Cylindrotheca closterium, Guinardia flaccida, and Phaeocystis) and increased their growth rates. This could be related to the cellular Cu demand and energy budget at elevated CO2 levels. Dinoflagellates were more sensitive to Cu supply compared to diatoms and prymnesiophytes and could be related to the unavailability of prey. Such community shifts in response to the projected ocean acidification, oligotrophy, and Cu pollution may impact trophic transfer and carbon cycling in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Sharma
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India
- Affiliated for PhD Under Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620024, India
| | - Haimanti Biswas
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
| | - Mintu Chowdhury
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India
- School of Oceanographic Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Saumya Silori
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Medhavi Pandey
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Durbar Ray
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India
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Burkey MT, Savard G, Gallant AT, Scielzo ND, Clark JA, Hirsh TY, Varriano L, Sargsyan GH, Launey KD, Brodeur M, Burdette DP, Heckmaier E, Joerres K, Klimes JW, Kolos K, Laminack A, Leach KG, Levand AF, Longfellow B, Maaß B, Marley ST, Morgan GE, Mueller P, Orford R, Padgett SW, Pérez Galván A, Pierce JR, Ray D, Segel R, Siegl K, Sharma KS, Wang BS. Improved Limit on Tensor Currents in the Weak Interaction from ^{8}Li β Decay. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:202502. [PMID: 35657880 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.202502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The electroweak interaction in the standard model is described by a pure vector-axial-vector structure, though any Lorentz-invariant component could contribute. In this Letter, we present the most precise measurement of tensor currents in the low-energy regime by examining the β-ν[over ¯] correlation of trapped ^{8}Li ions with the Beta-decay Paul Trap. We find a_{βν}=-0.3325±0.0013_{stat}±0.0019_{syst} at 1σ for the case of coupling to right-handed neutrinos (C_{T}=-C_{T}^{'}), which is consistent with the standard model prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Burkey
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G Savard
- Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - A T Gallant
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - N D Scielzo
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - J A Clark
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - T Y Hirsh
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
- Soreq Nuclear Research Center, Yavne 81800, Israel
| | - L Varriano
- Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G H Sargsyan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K D Launey
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - M Brodeur
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - D P Burdette
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - E Heckmaier
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - K Joerres
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - J W Klimes
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - K Kolos
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A Laminack
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K G Leach
- Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado, 80401 USA
| | - A F Levand
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Longfellow
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - B Maaß
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - S T Marley
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - G E Morgan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - P Mueller
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - R Orford
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - S W Padgett
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A Pérez Galván
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - J R Pierce
- Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D Ray
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - R Segel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - K Siegl
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - K S Sharma
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - B S Wang
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
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Bhadouria VS, Ray D, Akhtar MJ, Munshi P. An approach towards enhancing the role of microwave heating in low-level radioactive waste management. Progress in Nuclear Energy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pnucene.2022.104180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Toraskar AD, Manohar CS, Fernandes CL, Ray D, Gomes AD, Antony A. Seasonal variations in the water quality and antibiotic resistance of microbial pollution indicators in the Mandovi and Zuari estuaries, Goa, India. Environ Monit Assess 2022; 194:71. [PMID: 34994862 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09679-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The two adjacent estuaries of the rivers Mandovi and Zuari, along the Goa coast in the central west coast of India, are a large complex aquatic system hosting diverse natural habitats. The water quality in these habitats is affected by various anthropogenic activities as they are extensively used for transportation, fisheries and various recreational activities. In the present study, changes in the water quality and levels of microbial pollution during the pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon seasons were determined. The water quality index was estimated based on the parameters: temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand and nutrients. The seasonal changes in the microbial pollution load were also assessed based on the abundance of pollution indicator organisms and their resistivity towards multiple antibiotics. Results show that the water quality index status was 'poor' in the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons and it was 'good' only in the monsoon period. Levels of pollution indicator organisms determined show that the counts were the highest in the pre-monsoon season, which reduced in the monsoon and further declined during the post-monsoon season. However, the estimated multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index suggests that bacterial isolates in monsoonal water and sediment samples have maximum resistance towards antibiotics. This shows that, though the basic water quality improved during the monsoon, possibly due to substantial dilution, the increased terrestrial inputs brought harmful pathogens into these estuarine waters, which may be of potential health risk. Understanding the ecological status of the estuarine habitats is important for successful environmental management and sustainable development.
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Gupta P, Saha M, Rathore C, Suneel V, Ray D, Naik A, K U, M D, Daga K. Spatial and seasonal variation of microplastics and possible sources in the estuarine system from central west coast of India. Environ Pollut 2021; 288:117665. [PMID: 34256285 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The versatile use of various synthetic polymers, including plastics, generates a large volume of non-degradable waste, which is eventually responsible for forming microplastics (MPs) in aquatic environments. The present study describes the significant spatial and seasonal variation on the abundance of MPs and their physiochemical nature along the Mandovi-Zuari estuarine system of Goa, west coast of India. During the wet season (September), the average abundance of MPs was found relatively higher in water (0.107 particles/m3) and sediment (7314 particles/kg) than those found in the dry season (April) (0.099 particles/m3 in water and 4873 particles/kg in sediment). During the wet season, heavy rain and excessive riverine freshwater influx carry more terrestrial plastic debris in the estuarine system which causes higher averages MPs density in surface water and sediment. <300 μm sized particles and black colored MPs were predominant equally in water and sediment during both seasons. MPs of different shapes like fragments, fibres, films and beads accounted for most collected samples. The Micro-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (μ-FTIR) based compositional analysis identified approximately 33 types of polymers, of which polyacrylamide (PAM), polyacetylene, polyamide (PA), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polyimide (PI) were abundant. Fragmentation of larger plastic particles due to mismanaged treated and untreated STPs and washing machine effluents are the primary sources of these MPs in the estuarine system. Moreover, these estuaries also receive a variety of domestic, industrial and other wastes from local cities, ports, and fishing jetties. Thus the present study enlightens the current distribution of MPs and their sources in the Mandovi-Zuari estuarine system and thus provides very useful information to the stakeholder and concerned departments for initiating the mitigation measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyansha Gupta
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mahua Saha
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India.
| | - Chayanika Rathore
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - V Suneel
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India
| | - Durbar Ray
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India
| | - Akshata Naik
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India
| | - Unnikrishnan K
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India; Amity Institute of Environmental Science, Amity University, Noida, 201313, India
| | - Dhivya M
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India; Department of Earth Sciences, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, 608002, India
| | - Krushi Daga
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India; S.I.E.S College of Arts, Science and Commerce Sion (W), Mumbai, 400022, India
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Ray D, Saraswat SP, Kumar M, Singh OP, Munshi P. Build Up and Characterization of Ultraslow Nuclear Burn-Up Wave in Epithermal Neutron Multiplying Medium. Journal of Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science 2021. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4049727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A study is carried out on the build-up and characterization of ultraslow nuclear burn-up wave in epithermal neutron multiplying medium for slab geometry. Uranium-plutonium fissile medium is considered for the calculation. Transient part of the wave is characterized by transient time (TT), transient length (TL), and TT and TL are defined as the time and distance required to develop asymptotic neutron flux propagating through the media. Steady-state part of the wave is characterized with wave velocity and reaction zone width (full width half maximum (FWHM) and full width 10% of maximum (FW10M)). Parametric studies are carried out for different enrichment of 235U and different values of external source of neutron. It is observed that TT, TL, FWHM, and FW10M decrease with the increase in enrichment. The velocity of the wave increases with the enrichment of 235U. This study is beneficial for understanding the characteristics of nuclear burn-up wave in epithermal region as it will help in further researches in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Ray
- Nuclear Engineering and Technology Programme, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - S. P. Saraswat
- Nuclear Engineering and Technology Programme, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - M. Kumar
- Nuclear Engineering and Technology Programme, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - O. P. Singh
- Nuclear Engineering and Technology Programme, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India; AERB and Director of one of its Division, Mumbai 400094, India; Head Reactor Physics Division, IGCAR, Kalpakkam 603102, India; CBD Belapur, B-402, Lakhani's Galaxy (Plot 83), Sector 15, Mumbai 400614, India; CBD Belapur, B-402, Lakhani's Galaxy (Plot 83), Sector 15, Mumbai 400614, India
| | - P. Munshi
- Nuclear Engineering and Technology Programme, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
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11
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Miyagi C, Karimov J, Kado Y, Ray D, Polakowski T, Ahmad M, Karamlow T, Najm H, Fukamachi K. Initial Fitting Study of a Pediatric Continuous-Flow Total Artificial Heart. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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12
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Griffiths R, Babu S, Dixon P, Freeman N, Hurford D, Kelleher E, Moppett I, Ray D, Sahota O, Shields M, White S. Guideline for the management of hip fractures 2020: Guideline by the Association of Anaesthetists. Anaesthesia 2020; 76:225-237. [PMID: 33289066 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We convened a multidisciplinary Working Party on behalf of the Association of Anaesthetists to update the 2011 guidance on the peri-operative management of people with hip fracture. Importantly, these guidelines describe the core aims and principles of peri-operative management, recommending greater standardisation of anaesthetic practice as a component of multidisciplinary care. Although much of the 2011 guidance remains applicable to contemporary practice, new evidence and consensus inform the additional recommendations made in this document. Specific changes to the 2011 guidance relate to analgesia, medicolegal practice, risk assessment, bone cement implantation syndrome and regional review networks. Areas of controversy remain, and we discuss these in further detail, relating to the mode of anaesthesia, surgical delay, blood management and transfusion thresholds, echocardiography, anticoagulant and antiplatelet management and postoperative discharge destination. Finally, these guidelines provide links to supplemental online material that can be used at readers' institutions, key references and UK national guidance about the peri-operative care of people with hip and periprosthetic fractures during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Griffiths
- Department of Anaesthesia, Peterborough and Stamford Hospitals NHS Trust Peterborough, UK and Chair, Working Party, Association of Anaesthetists, UK
| | - S Babu
- Department of Anaesthesia, Warrington and Halton Hospitals NHS Trust, Warrington, UK
| | - P Dixon
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, South Tyneside and Sunderland NHS Trust, Sunderland, UK and British Orthopaedic Association, Orthopaedic Trauma Society, UK
| | - N Freeman
- Department of Anaesthesia, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - D Hurford
- Department of Anaesthesia, Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board and Chair, Welsh Frailty Fracture Network, UK, UK
| | - E Kelleher
- Department of Anaesthesia, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - I Moppett
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK.,Department of Anaesthesia, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK
| | - D Ray
- Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Infirmary Edinburgh and Honorary Clinical Senior Lecturer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - O Sahota
- Department of Healthcare of Older People, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK and British Geriatrics Society, UK
| | - M Shields
- Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Hospitals, Belfast, UK
| | - S White
- Department of Anaesthesia, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK
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13
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Ray D, Jolly S, Hinton T, Karnak D, Tang M, Jiang R, Boonstra P, Sandford E, Ray P, Sun Y, Matuszak M, El Naqa I, Schipper M, Green M, Schonewolf C, Tewari M, Haken RKT, Lawrence T. Predicting Radiation Pneumonitis Using Plasma Biomarkers Related to TNFα-NFκB Pathway. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.1757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Sharma D, Biswas H, Silori S, Bandyopadhyay D, Shaik AU, Cardinal D, Mandeng-Yogo M, Ray D. Impacts of Zn and Cu enrichment under ocean acidification scenario on a phytoplankton community from tropical upwelling system. Mar Environ Res 2020; 155:104880. [PMID: 32072984 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.104880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Increasing dissolution of CO2 in the surface ocean is rapidly decreasing its pH and changing carbon chemistry which is further affecting marine biota in several ways. Phytoplankton response studies under the combination of elevated CO2 and trace metals are rare. We have conducted two consecutive onboard incubation experiments (R. V. Sindhu Sadhana; August 2017) in the eastern Arabian Sea (SW coast of India) during an upwelling event. A nutrient enriched diatom bloom was initiated onboard and grown under ambient (≈400 μatm, A-CO2) and high CO2 levels (≈1000 μatm; H-CO2) with different zinc (Zn; 1 nM) and copper (Cu) concentrations (1 nM, 2 nM and 8 nM). Phytoplankton community composition and the dominant genera were different during these two experiments. CO2 enrichment alone did not show any significant growth stimulating impact on the experimental community except enhanced cell density in the first experiment. Addition of Zn at A-CO2 level revealed no noticeable responses; whereas, the same treatment under H-CO2 level significantly reduced cell number. Considerably high protein content under H-CO2+Zn treatment was possibly counteracting Zn toxicity which also caused slower growth rate. Cu addition did not show any noticeable impact on growth and biomass production except increased protein content as well as decreased carbohydrate: protein ratio. This can be attributed to relatively higher protein synthesis than carbohydrate to alleviate oxidative stress generated by Cu. The centric diatom Chaetoceros and toxin producing pennate diatom Pseudo-nitzschia showed no significant response to either CO2 or Zn enrichment. Large centric diatom Leptocylindrus and Skeletonema responded positively to Zn addition in both CO2 levels. The former species showed the most sensitive response at the highest Cu and H-CO2 treatment; whereas, the pennate diatoms Nitzschia and Pseudo-nitzschia (toxigenic diatom) showed higher resilience under elevated CO2 and Cu levels. This observation indicated that in future ocean, increasing CO2 concentrations and trace metal pollution may potentially alter phytoplankton community structure and may facilitate toxigenic diatom bloom in the coastal waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Sharma
- CSIR National Institute of Oceanography, Biological Oceanography Division, Dona Paula, Goa, 403 004, India
| | - Haimanti Biswas
- CSIR National Institute of Oceanography, Biological Oceanography Division, Dona Paula, Goa, 403 004, India.
| | - Saumya Silori
- CSIR National Institute of Oceanography, Biological Oceanography Division, Dona Paula, Goa, 403 004, India
| | - D Bandyopadhyay
- CSIR National Institute of Oceanography, Biological Oceanography Division, Dona Paula, Goa, 403 004, India
| | - Aziz urRahman Shaik
- CSIR National Institute of Oceanography, Biological Oceanography Division, Dona Paula, Goa, 403 004, India
| | - Damien Cardinal
- Laboratoire d'Océanographieet du Climat:Expérimentations et ApprochesNumériques (LOCEAN UMR7159, SU, IRD, CNRS, MNHN), Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Magloire Mandeng-Yogo
- LOCEAN (UMR7159, SU, IRD, CNRS, MNHN) -Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), 32 Avenue Henri Varagnat, 93140, Bondy, France
| | - Durbar Ray
- CSIR National Institute of Oceanography, Biological Oceanography Division, Dona Paula, Goa, 403 004, India
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Nikita K, Ray D, Aswal V, Murthy C. Surface modification of functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes containing mixed matrix membrane using click chemistry. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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Wang H, Lane J, Jones S, Dashti H, Ollila H, Wood A, van Hees V, Brumpton B, Winsvold B, Kantojärvi K, Palviainen T, Cade B, Sofer T, Song Y, Patel K, Anderson S, Bechtold D, Bowden J, Emsley R, Kyle S, Little M, Loudon A, Scheer F, Purcell S, Richmond R, Spiegelhalder K, Tyrrell J, Zhu X, Hublin C, Kaprio J, Kristiansson K, Sulkava S, Paunio T, Hveem K, Nielsen J, Willer C, Zwart JA, Strand L, Frayling T, Ray D, Lawlor D, Rutter M, Weedon M, Redline S, Saxena R. Genome-wide association analysis of self-reported daytime sleepiness identifies 42 loci that suggest biological subtypes. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.1140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Cuneo K, Devasia T, Karnak D, Ray D, Owen D, Maurino C, Schipper M, Lawrence T. Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1 Levels Predict Radiation Induced Liver Injury. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Suneel V, Saha M, Rathore C, Sequeira J, Mohan PMN, Ray D, Veerasingam S, Rao VT, Vethamony P. Assessing the source of oil deposited in the surface sediment of Mormugao Port, Goa - A case study of MV Qing incident. Mar Pollut Bull 2019; 145:88-95. [PMID: 31590838 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In June 2016, a cruise vessel was grounded in the Mormugao Port, resulting in unnoticed oil spill. The surface water and sediment samples were collected from the vicinity of the ship, and also an oil sample from the ship (OIL). These samples were subject to petroleum biomarker such as pentacyclic triterpenes (hopanes) and compound specific carbon isotopic (δ13C) analyses to assess the source of hydrocarbon pollution in the Mormugao Port. While no clear trend was observed in water samples, the bottom surface sediments did show an identical pattern of hopanes with the oil. The chemometric analyses of hopane Diagnostic Ratios (DRs) and δ13C ratios confirmed the ship oil as the source of oil pollution in sediments. Whereas the water is comparatively more dynamic than the sediment, the physical processes arising out of winds, waves, tides and currents might have dispersed the oil away from the grounded ship.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Suneel
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, India.
| | - Mahua Saha
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, India
| | - Chayanika Rathore
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, India
| | - Jenica Sequeira
- Goa State Pollution Control Board, Saligao, Goa 403511, India
| | - P M Nikhil Mohan
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, India
| | - Durbar Ray
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, India
| | - S Veerasingam
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, India
| | - V Trinadha Rao
- CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, India
| | - P Vethamony
- Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Saraswat SP, Ray D, Munshi P, Allison C. Analysis of Loss of Heat Sink for ITER Divertor Cooling System Using Modified RELAP/SCDAPSIM/MOD 4.0. Journal of Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science 2019. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4042707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The present work includes thermal hydraulic modeling and analysis of loss of heat sink (LOHS) accident for the ITER divertor cooling system. The analysis is done for the new design of full tungsten divertor. The new design is also analyzed for different local heat loads ranging from 10 MW/m2 to 20 MW/m2 (while maintaining the total heat load 200 MW) under the steady-state fluid conditions. The LOHS event is selected since divertor is the most sensitive component to loss or reduction in coolability of divertor primary heat transport system (DV-PHTS) loop as it receives large heat flux from plasma. The main objective of this analysis is to find margins to unwanted conditions like overstress temperatures of structure and elevated water level in the pressurizer. The analysis is done by modified thermal hydraulic code RELAP/SCDAPSIM/MOD 4.0. The results obtained are compared with the results of old divertor design which uses carbon fiber composite (CFC) layer to show that how the new design of divertor behaves compared to the older design under the accident scenario. A detailed model of DV-PHTS loop and its ancillary system is presented. The model includes promotional integral differential (PID) controller for controlling the pressurizer heater and spray system. A detailed pump model is also included in the present analysis which was previously used as a time-dependent junction. The analysis shows that under the accident scenario, (a) the divertor structure temperature at the critical sites (inner vertical target (IVT) and outer vertical target (OVT)) is always within the design limit and does not affect the structural integrity of the divertor. (b) The water level in the pressurizer increases moderately and finely controlled by the PID controller, and pressurizer safety valve does not open.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. P. Saraswat
- Nuclear Engineering and Technology Programme, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India e-mails:
| | - D. Ray
- Nuclear Engineering and Technology Programme, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India e-mail:
| | - P. Munshi
- Nuclear Engineering and Technology Programme, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India e-mail:
| | - C. Allison
- Innovative Systems Software, Idaho Falls, ID 83406 e-mail:
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Ray D, Kubisiak K, Kraus M, Collins A, Weinhandl E. SUN-050 STRATIFICATION OF CARDIOVASCULAR DEATH RISK BY ARRHYTHMIA, HEART FAILURE, AND DIABETES IN A PREVALENT COHORT OF DIALYSIS PATIENTS IN THE UNITED STATES. Kidney Int Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2019.05.446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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21
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Ray D, Thurkal S. MON-197 COMPLEX LIVING KIDNEY DONORS - LONG TERM RISKS AND CONSEQUENCES. Kidney Int Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2019.05.992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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22
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Ryan P, McBride A, Ray D, Pulgar S, Ramirez RA, Elquza E, Favaro JP, Dranitsaris G. Lanreotide vs octreotide LAR for patients with advanced gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: An observational time and motion analysis. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2019; 25:1425-1433. [PMID: 30924737 PMCID: PMC6643159 DOI: 10.1177/1078155219839458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lanreotide and octreotide acetate suspension for injectable (LAR) are both recommended for clinical use in patients with locally advanced or metastatic gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. However, each agent possesses unique attributes in terms of their drug-delivery characteristics. The study objective was to compare overall drug-delivery efficiency between lanreotide and octreotide LAR in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor patients. METHODS This study employed an observational time and motion design among patients treated with lanreotide or octreotide LAR across five US cancer centers. Baseline patient data collection included age, disease grade and duration, prior therapies and performance status. Drug-delivery time (drug preparation and administration), total patient time and resource use data were collected for gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors receiving lanreotide (n = 22) or octreotide LAR (n = 22). Following each administration, qualitative data on the drug-delivery experience was collected from patients and nurses. RESULTS Lanreotide was associated with a significant reduction in mean delivery time (2.5 min; 95% CI:2.0 to 3.1) compared to octreotide LAR (6.2 min; 95%CI: 4.4 to 7.9; p = 0.004). The mean total patient time for lanreotide and octreotide LAR was comparable between groups (32.1 vs. 36.6 minutes; p = 0.97). Nurses reported increased concerns with octreotide LAR related to needle clogging (p = 0.034) and device failures (p = 0.057). Overall, lanreotide had a median satisfaction score of 5.0 compared to a score of 4.0 with octreotide LAR (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Lanreotide was associated with significant reductions in drug-delivery time compared to octreotide LAR, which contributed to an improvement in overall healthcare efficiency. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT03017690.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ryan
- 1 Ochsner Medical Center, Kenner, LA, USA
| | - A McBride
- 2 University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - D Ray
- 3 Ipsen Biopharmaceuticals, Inc., Basking Ridge, NJ, USA
| | - S Pulgar
- 3 Ipsen Biopharmaceuticals, Inc., Basking Ridge, NJ, USA
| | | | - E Elquza
- 2 University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - J P Favaro
- 4 Oncology Specialists of Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - G Dranitsaris
- 5 Augmentium Pharma Consulting Inc., Toronto, Canada
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Kitchen G, Hopwood T, Cunningham P, Poolman T, Begley N, Loudon A, Blaikley J, Ray D. Circadian regulation of macrophage phagocytosis is mediated by a REV-ERBα independent Bmal1/RhoA pathway. Br J Anaesth 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2018.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Shah V, Bharatiya B, Mishra M, Ray D, Shah D. Molecular insights into sodium dodecyl sulphate mediated control of size for silver nanoparticles. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Mitra S, Ray D, Bhattacharya G, Gupta R, Sen D, Aswal VK, Ghosh SK. Probing the effect of a room temperature ionic liquid on phospholipid membranes in multilamellar vesicles. Eur Biophys J 2018; 48:119-129. [DOI: 10.1007/s00249-018-1339-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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26
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Lane JM, Jones S, Dashti HS, Wood A, Van Hees V, Spiegelhalder K, Wang H, Bowden J, Kyle SD, Ray D, Frayling TM, Lawlor DA, Rutter MK, Weedon M, Saxena R. 0015 Biological And Clinical Insights from Genetics of Insomnia Symptoms. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J M Lane
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - S Jones
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - H S Dashti
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - A Wood
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - V Van Hees
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UNITED KINGDOM
| | | | - H Wang
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - J Bowden
- University of Bristol, Bristol, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - S D Kyle
- University of Oxford, Oxford, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - D Ray
- University of Manchester, Manchester, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - T M Frayling
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - D A Lawlor
- University of Bristol, Bristol, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - M K Rutter
- University of Manchester, Manchester, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - M Weedon
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - R Saxena
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
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Zegard A, Qiu T, Mcnulty D, Evison F, Ray D, Gasparini M, Leyva F. 535Sex-specific differences in survival and heart failure hospitalisation after cardiac resynchronisation therapy with or without defibrillation. Europace 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euy015.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Zegard
- Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - T Qiu
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - D Mcnulty
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - F Evison
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - D Ray
- NHS Digital and Farr Institute, London, United Kingdom, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Gasparini
- Electrophysiology and Pacing Unit, Humanitas Research Hospital IRCCS, Rozzano-Milano, Italy, Milan, Italy
| | - F Leyva
- Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Thakkar K, Bharatiya B, Ray D, Aswal V, Bahadur P. Cationic surfactants modulate aqueous micellization and wetting on PTFE by Triton X-100: Effect of alkyl chainlength, headgroup and counterion. J Mol Liq 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2017.05.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Lane JM, Kyle S, Spiegelhalder K, Vlasac I, Redline S, Ray D, Rutter M, Saxena R. 0027 A GENETIC LINK BETWEEN SLEEP AND PSYCHIATRIC TRAITS. Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Lane JM, Vlasac I, Redline S, Ray D, Rutter M, Saxena R. 0004 GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY FOR SNORING IDENTIFIES NOVEL GENETIC FACTORS AND BIOLOGICAL LINKS TO SLEEP APNEA AND OBESITY. Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Ray D, Babu EVSSK, Surya Prakash L. Nature of Suspended Particles in Hydrothermal Plume at 3°40'N Carlsberg Ridge:A Comparison with Deep Oceanic Suspended Matter. CURR SCI INDIA 2017. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v112/i01/139-146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Dembla V, Ray D, Lockett P, Fullmer C, Subramanian H, Subbiah V, Fu S, Janku F, Tsimberidou A, Naing A, Piha-Paul S, Hong D, Pant S, Miller V, Lim J, Le H, Karp D. Drug development in the MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC) Clinical Translational Research Center (CTRC) – 2011–2015: The challenge of precision medicine in a very broad playing field. Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)33011-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Larsen KA, Cryan JP, Shivaram N, Champenois EG, Wright TW, Ray D, Kostko O, Ahmed M, Belkacem A, Slaughter DS. VUV and XUV reflectance of optically coated mirrors for selection of high harmonics. Opt Express 2016; 24:18209-18216. [PMID: 27505785 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.018209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report the reflectance, ~1° from normal incidence, of six different mirrors as a function of photon energy, using monochromatic vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) and extreme ultraviolet (XUV) radiation with energies between 7.5 eV and 24.5 eV. The mirrors examined included both single and multilayer optical coatings, as well as an uncoated substrate. We discuss the performance of each mirror, paying particular attention to the potential application of suppression and selection of high-order harmonics of a Ti:sapphire laser.
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Padasala S, Patel V, Singh K, Ray D, Aswal V, Bahadur P. Effect of polymers on worm-like micelles of cetyltrimethylammonium tosylate. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.04.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sturm FP, Wright TW, Ray D, Zalyubovskaya I, Shivaram N, Slaughter DS, Ranitovic P, Belkacem A, Weber T. Time resolved 3D momentum imaging of ultrafast dynamics by coherent VUV-XUV radiation. Rev Sci Instrum 2016; 87:063110. [PMID: 27370429 DOI: 10.1063/1.4953441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present a new experimental setup for measuring ultrafast nuclear and electron dynamics of molecules after photo-excitation and ionization. We combine a high flux femtosecond vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) and extreme ultraviolet (XUV) source with an internally cold molecular beam and a 3D momentum imaging particle spectrometer to measure electrons and ions in coincidence. We describe a variety of tools developed to perform pump-probe studies in the VUV-XUV spectrum and to modify and characterize the photon beam. First benchmark experiments are presented to demonstrate the capabilities of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- F P Sturm
- Ultrafast X-Ray Science Lab, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - T W Wright
- Ultrafast X-Ray Science Lab, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Ray
- Ultrafast X-Ray Science Lab, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - I Zalyubovskaya
- Ultrafast X-Ray Science Lab, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N Shivaram
- Ultrafast X-Ray Science Lab, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D S Slaughter
- Ultrafast X-Ray Science Lab, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - P Ranitovic
- Ultrafast X-Ray Science Lab, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Belkacem
- Ultrafast X-Ray Science Lab, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Th Weber
- Ultrafast X-Ray Science Lab, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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Picón A, Lehmann CS, Bostedt C, Rudenko A, Marinelli A, Osipov T, Rolles D, Berrah N, Bomme C, Bucher M, Doumy G, Erk B, Ferguson KR, Gorkhover T, Ho PJ, Kanter EP, Krässig B, Krzywinski J, Lutman AA, March AM, Moonshiram D, Ray D, Young L, Pratt ST, Southworth SH. Hetero-site-specific X-ray pump-probe spectroscopy for femtosecond intramolecular dynamics. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11652. [PMID: 27212390 PMCID: PMC4879250 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
New capabilities at X-ray free-electron laser facilities allow the generation of two-colour femtosecond X-ray pulses, opening the possibility of performing ultrafast studies of X-ray-induced phenomena. Particularly, the experimental realization of hetero-site-specific X-ray-pump/X-ray-probe spectroscopy is of special interest, in which an X-ray pump pulse is absorbed at one site within a molecule and an X-ray probe pulse follows the X-ray-induced dynamics at another site within the same molecule. Here we show experimental evidence of a hetero-site pump-probe signal. By using two-colour 10-fs X-ray pulses, we are able to observe the femtosecond time dependence for the formation of F ions during the fragmentation of XeF2 molecules following X-ray absorption at the Xe site.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Picón
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - C. S. Lehmann
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - C. Bostedt
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - A. Rudenko
- J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - A. Marinelli
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - T. Osipov
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - D. Rolles
- J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - N. Berrah
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C. Bomme
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - M. Bucher
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - G. Doumy
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B. Erk
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - K. R. Ferguson
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - T. Gorkhover
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - P. J. Ho
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - E. P. Kanter
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B. Krässig
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - J. Krzywinski
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A. A. Lutman
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A. M. March
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D. Moonshiram
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D. Ray
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - L. Young
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - S. T. Pratt
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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Dey J, Ray D, Kumar S, Sultana N, Aswal V, Kohlbrecher J, Ismail K. Effect of acetonitrile–water mixtures on aggregation and counterion binding behavior of sodium dioctylsulphosuccinate micelles. J Mol Liq 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2016.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ray S, Talukdar A, Sonthalia N, Saha M, Kundu S, Khanra D, Guha S, Basu AK, Mukherjee A, Ray D, Ganguly S. Serum lipoprotein ratios as markers of insulin resistance: a study among non-diabetic acute coronary syndrome patients with impaired fasting glucose. Indian J Med Res 2016; 141:62-7. [PMID: 25857496 PMCID: PMC4405942 DOI: 10.4103/0971-5916.154504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Recent data suggest that insulin resistance can predict cardiovascular disease independently of the other risk factors, such as hypertension, visceral obesity or dyslipidaemia. However, the majority of available methods to evaluate insulin resistance are complicated to operate, expensive, and time consuming. This study was undertaken to assess whether serum lipoprotein ratios could predict insulin resistance in non-diabetic acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. METHODS Ninety non-diabetic patients with impaired fasting glucose admitted with a diagnosis of ACS were included in the study. At the time of admission fasting glucose and insulin concentrations were measured. The homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was used for insulin resistance. The fasting serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were checked, and then TC/HDL-C and TG/HDL-C ratios were calculated. The areas under the curves (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to compare the power of these serum lipoprotein ratios as markers. RESULTS Lipoprotein ratios were significantly higher in patients with HOMA-IR index > 2.5 as compared to patients with index <2.5 (P < 0.05). Both TG/HDL-C and TC/HDL-C ratios were significantly correlated with HOMA-IR (P<0.05). The area under the ROC curve of the TG/HDL-C and TC/HDL-C ratio for predicting insulin resistance was 0.80 (95% CI, 0.67 to 0.93), 0.78 (95% CI, 0.65 to 0.91), respectively. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study demonstrate that serum lipoprotein ratios can provide a simple means of identifying insulin resistance and can be used as markers of insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases risk in adult non-diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Talukdar
- Department of General Medicine, Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Rankin J, McGuire C, Matthews L, Russell M, Ray D. Facilitators and barriers to the increased supervisory role of senior charge nurses: a qualitative study. J Nurs Manag 2015; 24:366-75. [PMID: 26370219 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.12330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To explore the experiences of senior charge nurses provided with 'increased supervisory hours'. BACKGROUND Designated supervisory time is essential for senior charge nurses to provide effective clinical leadership. It is important to explore the impact arises of such an increase. METHODS An online questionnaire collected exploratory data from senior charge nurses (n = 60). Semi-structured interviews gathered in-depth qualitative data (n = 12). Findings were analysed for common themes associated with implementation of the increased senior charge nurse supervisory role. RESULTS The majority of senior charge nurses were unable to use their full allocation of supervisory time. They struggled to accomplish leadership goals because of managing staffing levels, increased workload, time constraints and limited support. Factors that facilitated the role included preparation and support, adequate staff capacity, effective leadership skills and availability of supervisory time. The senior charge nurses took pride in providing clinical leadership, promoting staff development and delivering patient care. Support, in terms of preparation, capacity building and ongoing mentoring, was a key factor for achieving senior charge nurse goals. CONCLUSION Senior charge nurses should be supported to maximise supervisory time through the provision of an induction programme, formal coaching and ongoing training and development. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Preparation and support is essential for senior charge nurses to deliver enhanced clinical leadership through increased supervisory time.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rankin
- School of Health, Nursing and Midwifery, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK
| | - C McGuire
- Leading Better Care, School of Health, Nursing and Midwifery, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK
| | - L Matthews
- Leading Better Care, School of Health, Nursing and Midwifery, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK
| | | | - D Ray
- Leading Better Care, School of Health, Nursing and Midwifery, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK
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Vohra RS, Evison F, Bejaj I, Ray D, Patel P, Pinkney TD. The effect of ethnicity on in-hospital mortality following emergency abdominal surgery: a national cohort study using Hospital Episode Statistics. Public Health 2015; 129:1496-502. [PMID: 26318618 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2015.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ethnicity has complex effects on health and the delivery of health care in part related to language and cultural barriers. This may be important in patients requiring emergency abdominal surgery where delays have profound impact on outcomes. The aim here was to test if variations in outcomes (e.g. in-hospital mortality) exist by ethnic group following emergency abdominal surgery. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study using population-level routinely collected administrative data from England (Hospital Episode Statistics). METHODS Adult patients undergoing emergency abdominal operations between April 2008 and March 2012 were identified. Operations were divided into: 'major', 'hepatobiliary' or 'appendectomy/minor'. The primary outcome was all cause in-hospital mortality. Univariable and multivariable analysis odds ratios (OR with 95% confidence intervals, CI) adjusting for selected factors were performed. RESULTS 359,917 patients were identified and 80.7% of patients were White British, 4.7% White (Other), 2.4% Afro-Caribbean, 1.6% Indian, 2.6% Chinese, 3.1% Asian (Other) and 4.9% not known, with crude in-hospital mortality rates of 4.4%, 3.1%, 2.0%, 2.6%, 1.6%, 1.7% and 5.17%, respectively. The majority of patients underwent appendectomy/minor (61.9%) compared to major (20.9%) or hepatobiliary (17.2%) operations (P < 0.001) with an in-hospital mortality of 1.7%, 11.5% and 3.9% respectively. Adjusted mortality was largely similar across ethnic groups except where ethnicity was not recorded (compared to White British patients following major surgery OR 2.05, 95% 1.82-2.31, P < 0.01, hepatobiliary surgery OR 2.78, 95% CI 2.31-3.36, P = 0.01 and appendectomy/minor surgery OR 1.78, 95% 1.52-2.08, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Ethnicity is not associated with poorer outcomes following emergency abdominal surgery. However, ethnicity is not recorded in 5% of this cohort and this represents an important, yet un-definable, group with significantly poorer outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Vohra
- Academic Department of Surgery, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK
| | - F Evison
- Department of Informatics, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK
| | - I Bejaj
- Department of Informatics, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK
| | - D Ray
- Department of Informatics, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK
| | - P Patel
- Academic Department of Surgery, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK
| | - T D Pinkney
- Academic Department of Surgery, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK.
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Vohra RS, Pinkney T, Evison F, Begaj I, Ray D, Alderson D, Morton DG. Influence of day of surgery on mortality following elective colorectal resections. Br J Surg 2015; 102:1272-7. [PMID: 26104685 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.9865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate whether the increased mortality previously identified for surgery performed on Fridays was apparent following major elective colorectal resections and how this might be affected by case mix. METHODS Patients undergoing elective colorectal resections in England from 2001 to 2011 were identified using Hospital Episode Statistics. Propensity scores were used to match patients having operations on a Friday in a 1 : 1 ratio with those undergoing surgery on other weekdays. Multivariable analyses were used to investigate overall deaths within 1 year of operation. RESULTS A total of 204,669 records were extracted for patients undergoing major elective colorectal resections. Patients who had surgery on Fridays were more deprived (4780 (17.1 per cent) of 27,920 versus 28,317 (16.0 per cent) of 176,749; P < 0.001), a greater proportion had had an emergency admission in the 3 previous months (7870 (28.2 per cent) of 27,920 versus 48,623 (27.5 per cent) of 176,749; P = 0.019), underwent minimal access surgery (4565 (16.4 per cent) of 27,920 versus 23,783 (13.5 per cent) of 176,749; P < 0.001) and had surgery for benign diagnoses (6502 (23.3 per cent) of 27,920 versus 38,725 (21.9 per cent) of 176,749; P < 0.001) than those who had surgery on Mondays to Thursdays. In a matched analysis the odds ratio for 30-day mortality after colorectal resections performed on Fridays compared with other weekdays was 1.25 (95 per cent c.i. 1.13 to 1.37); odds ratios for 90-day and 1-year mortality were 1.16 (1.07 to 1.25) and 1.10 (1.04 to 1.16) respectively. CONCLUSION Patients selected for colorectal resections on Fridays had a higher mortality rate than patients operated on from Monday to Thursday and had different characteristics, suggesting that increased mortality may reflect patient factors rather than hospital variables alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Vohra
- Academic Department of Surgery, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - T Pinkney
- Academic Department of Surgery, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - F Evison
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - I Begaj
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - D Ray
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - D Alderson
- Academic Department of Surgery, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - D G Morton
- Academic Department of Surgery, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Reichhardt C, Ray D, Reichhardt CJO. Collective transport properties of driven Skyrmions with random disorder. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 114:217202. [PMID: 26066455 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.217202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We use particle-based simulations to examine the static and driven collective phases of Skyrmions interacting with random quenched disorder. We show that nondissipative effects due to the Magnus term reduce the depinning threshold and strongly affect the Skyrmion motion and the nature of the dynamic phases. The quenched disorder causes the Hall angle to become drive dependent in the moving Skyrmion phase, while different flow regimes produce distinct signatures in the transport curves. For weak disorder, the Skyrmions form a pinned crystal and depin elastically, while for strong disorder the system forms a pinned amorphous state that depins plastically. At high drives the Skyrmions can dynamically reorder into a moving crystal, with the onset of reordering determined by the strength of the Magnus term.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Reichhardt
- Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - D Ray
- Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - C J Olson Reichhardt
- Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
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Patel V, Bharatiya B, Ray D, Aswal V, Bahadur P. Investigations on microstructural changes in pH responsive mixed micelles of Triton X-100 and bile salt. J Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 441:106-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2014.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Thapa U, Ray D, Dey J, Sultana N, Aswal VK, Ismail K. Influence of hydrotropic coions on the shape transitions of sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate aggregates in an aqueous medium. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra04151a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The slope change of the CH plot is a manifestation of the shape change of the ionic micelles. However, binding of the salicylate coion to ionic micelles is an exception to this inference.
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Affiliation(s)
- U. Thapa
- Department of Chemistry
- North-Eastern Hill University
- Shillong-793022
- India
| | - D. Ray
- Solid State Physics Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400085
- India
| | - J. Dey
- Department of Chemistry
- North-Eastern Hill University
- Shillong-793022
- India
| | - N. Sultana
- Department of Chemistry
- North-Eastern Hill University
- Shillong-793022
- India
| | - V. K. Aswal
- Solid State Physics Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai-400085
- India
| | - K. Ismail
- Department of Chemistry
- North-Eastern Hill University
- Shillong-793022
- India
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Durrington H, Farrow S, Ray D. S128 Does The Time Of Day Of Allergen Challenge Affect The Degree Of Inflammatory Response In The Murine Lung? Thorax 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-206260.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Kumar S, Ray D, Aswal VK, Kohlbrecher J. Structure and interaction in the polymer-dependent reentrant phase behavior of a charged nanoparticle solution. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2014; 90:042316. [PMID: 25375503 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.90.042316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) studies have been carried out to examine the evolution of interaction and structure in a nanoparticle (silica)-polymer (polyethylene glycol) system. The nanoparticle-polymer solution interestingly shows a reentrant phase behavior where the one-phase charged stabilized nanoparticles go through a two-phase system (nanoparticle aggregation) and back to one-phase as a function of polymer concentration. Such phase behavior arises because of the nonadsorption of polymer on nanoparticles and is governed by the interplay of polymer-induced attractive depletion with repulsive nanoparticle-nanoparticle electrostatic and polymer-polymer interactions in different polymer concentration regimes. At low polymer concentrations, the electrostatic repulsion dominates over the depletion attraction. However, the increase in polymer concentration enhances the depletion attraction to give rise to the nanoparticle aggregation in the two-phase system. Further, the polymer-polymer repulsion at high polymer concentrations is believed to be responsible for the reentrance to one-phase behavior. The SANS data in polymer contrast-matched conditions have been modeled by a two-Yukawa potential accounting for both repulsive and attractive parts of total interaction potential between nanoparticles. Both of these interactions (repulsive and attractive) are found to be long range. The magnitude and the range of the depletion interaction increase with the polymer concentration leading to nanoparticle clustering. At higher polymer concentrations, the increased polymer-polymer repulsion reduces the depletion interaction leading to reentrant phase behavior. The nanoparticle clusters in the two-phase system are characterized by the surface fractal with simple cubic packing of nanoparticles within the clusters. The effect of varying ionic strength and polymer size in tuning the interaction has also been examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sugam Kumar
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India
| | - D Ray
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India
| | - V K Aswal
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India
| | - J Kohlbrecher
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 PSI Villigen, Switzerland
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Aktuerk D, Mcnulty D, Barnett V, Freemantle N, Ray D, Pagano D. 025 * NATIONAL ADMINISTRATIVE DATA PRODUCES A VERY ACCURATE RISK PREDICTION MODEL FOR SHORT- AND LONG-TERM MORTALITY FOLLOWING CARDIAC SURGERY. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivu276.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Abstract
We numerically examine run-and-tumble active matter particles in Casimir geometries composed of two finite parallel walls. We find that there is an attractive force between the two walls of a magnitude that increases with increasing run length. The attraction exhibits an unusual exponential dependence on the wall separation, and it arises due to a depletion of swimmers in the region between the walls by a combination of the motion of the particles along the walls and a geometric shadowing effect. This attraction is robust as long as the wall length is comparable to or smaller than the swimmer run length, and is only slightly reduced by the inclusion of steric interactions between swimmers. We also examine other geometries and find regimes in which there is a crossover from attraction to repulsion between the walls as a function of wall separation and wall length.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ray
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA and Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - C Reichhardt
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - C J Olson Reichhardt
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
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Ray D, Anton H, Schmidt PC, Weiss A. A Theoretical Modeling of the Static and Dynamic Polarizability of O2- in Large and Complex Oxides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/zna-1996-0705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A time-dependent approach is employed in conjunction with a crystal potential model to study the environment-specific optical linear response of the O2- ions in a number of cubic oxides with varying number of constituents, unit-cell dimension and degree of complexity. It is shown that the static polarizability of the anion may vary significantly depending on the position of the anion within the unit-cell. Due to neglect of overlap compression, our method has limited success in predicting the refractive indices of large crystals of complex structures. For small binary oxides the frequency-dependent polarizability of the O2- ion is found to exhibit the first poles close to the ultraviolet absorption edges ascribed to the lowest excitonic transitions in these crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Ray
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Technische Hochschule Darmstadt, Petersenstraße 20. D-64287 Darmstadt
| | - H. Anton
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Technische Hochschule Darmstadt, Petersenstraße 20. D-64287 Darmstadt
| | - P. C. Schmidt
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Technische Hochschule Darmstadt, Petersenstraße 20. D-64287 Darmstadt
| | - Al. Weiss
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Technische Hochschule Darmstadt, Petersenstraße 20. D-64287 Darmstadt
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50
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Ray D. SP0039 Peripheral Clocks in Immunity and Arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.6240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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