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Soares VM, Pereira JG, Barreto F, Jank L, Rau RB, Dias Ribeiro CB, Dos Santos Castilhos T, Tomaszewski CA, Hillesheim DR, Mondadori RG, Tadielo LE, Dos Santos EAR, da Cruz Encide Sampaio AN, Cerqueira-Cézar CK, Duval EH, da Silva WP. Residues of Veterinary Drugs in Animal Products Commercialized in the Border Region of Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay. J Food Prot 2022; 85:980-986. [PMID: 35358322 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-21-415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The traffic in international animal products can become a public health hazard when legal import sanitary procedures are not followed. In Brazil, due to its extensive border area, the importation of animal products is a common practice in many areas, especially in Rio Grande do Sul, a state that borders Argentina and Uruguay. The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of veterinary drug residues (antibiotics and antiparasitics) in animal products consumed in Rio Grande do Sul. The presence of residues of veterinary antibiotics and antiparasitics was assessed in 189 meat (beef, pork, and chicken), processed dairy, and meat product samples bought in Argentina (n = 90) and Uruguay (n = 99). Residues of these veterinary drugs were detected in 50 (26.45%) of the samples; 28 samples (14.81%) had antibiotic residues, and 22 samples (11.64%) had antiparasitic residues. Of the 50 positive samples, 40% (15 from Argentina and 5 from Uruguay) had residues above the maximum residue limits (MRLs). Of these 20 samples, 12 had antiparasitic residues above the MRLs (11 beef samples had ivermectin and 1 pork sample had ivermectin and doramectin) and 8 had antibiotic residues above the MRLs (2 pork and 2 sausage samples had doxycycline, 2 cheese samples had doxycycline and chlortetracycline, 1 poultry meat sample had chloramphenicol, and 1 cheese sample had monensin). Because of the potential toxic effects on humans and the potential for pathogens to develop antibiotic resistance, the presence of these residues above the MRLs is a potential risk to public health. The negative impact of consumption of imported animal products can be reduced by implementation of an effective surveillance system and educational campaigns for the general population. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Mendonça Soares
- Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, BR 472, Km 585, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 97501-970
| | - Juliano Gonçalves Pereira
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Avenida Eliseu Maciel, s/n Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 96010-900.,Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Campus Botucatu, Rua Prof. Walter Mauricio Correa, SN Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, CEP 18618-681
| | - Fabiano Barreto
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Estrada da Ponta Grossa, 3036 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 91780-580
| | - Louise Jank
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Estrada da Ponta Grossa, 3036 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 91780-580
| | - Renata Batista Rau
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Estrada da Ponta Grossa, 3036 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 91780-580
| | - Cristina Belíssimo Dias Ribeiro
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Estrada da Ponta Grossa, 3036 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 91780-580
| | - Tamara Dos Santos Castilhos
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Estrada da Ponta Grossa, 3036 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 91780-580
| | - Caroline Andrade Tomaszewski
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Estrada da Ponta Grossa, 3036 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 91780-580
| | - Daniel Rodrigo Hillesheim
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Estrada da Ponta Grossa, 3036 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 91780-580
| | - Rafael Gianella Mondadori
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Avenida Eliseu Maciel, s/n Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 96010-900
| | - Leonardo Ereno Tadielo
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Campus Botucatu, Rua Prof. Walter Mauricio Correa, SN Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, CEP 18618-681
| | | | - Aryele Nunes da Cruz Encide Sampaio
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Campus Botucatu, Rua Prof. Walter Mauricio Correa, SN Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, CEP 18618-681
| | - Camila Koutsodontis Cerqueira-Cézar
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Campus Botucatu, Rua Prof. Walter Mauricio Correa, SN Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, CEP 18618-681
| | - Eduarda Hallal Duval
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Avenida Eliseu Maciel, s/n Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 96010-900
| | - Wladimir Padilha da Silva
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Avenida Eliseu Maciel, s/n Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 96010-900
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Junges da Costa R, Pereira da Silva A, Nobre da Fonseca R, de Oliveira Hübner S, Nalério ES, de Lima Marques J, Soares Vitola HR, Padilha da Silva W, Duval EH, Fiorentini ÂM. Characterization of Enterococcus faecium EO1 isolated from mutton and activity of bacteriocin-like substances in the control of Listeria monocytogenes in fresh mutton sausage. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.110954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Pereira JG, Soares VM, de Souza FG, Tadielo LE, Dos Santos EAR, Brum MCS, Henzel A, Duval EH, Spilki FR, da Silva WP. Hepatitis A Virus, Hepatitis E Virus, and Rotavirus in Foods of Animal Origin Traded at the Borders of Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay. Food Environ Virol 2018; 10:365-372. [PMID: 30206760 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-018-9357-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis E (HEV), and rotavirus (RV) in fresh and processed meat traded on the border of Brazil with Argentina and Uruguay. In total, 159 samples of raw and processed foods of animal origin were collected in Paso de los Libres, Argentina (n = 53 raw meat, n = 24 processed meat) and Rivera, Uruguay (n = 55 raw meat, n = 18 processed meat), or were seized by the Brazilian International Agricultural Surveillance System-VIGIAGRO (Brazil-Argentina border) (n = 8 raw meat, n = 1 bush meat). All samples were tested for the presence of HAV, HEV, and RV genomes. HAV genes were detected in 18.23% of samples and RV genes in 23.89%. No HEV-positive samples were detected. HAV was also detected in two of the VIGIAGRO samples. Processed meats from Argentina and Uruguay had a higher rate of HAV and RV than raw meat (P > 0.05). The median HAV in the Argentinian and Uruguayan samples was 6.9 × 104 and 3.5 × 103 copies/g, respectively. The presence of RV viral genes in raw meats from Argentina was significant, and this was not observed in processed meats. The presence of HAV and RV genes in a significant portion of products from Argentina and Uruguay is a potential source of human infection. This also indicates precarious conditions of acquisition, processing, and manipulation, which could be improved by improved regulation of food across borders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliano Gonçalves Pereira
- Departamento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Campus de Botucatu, Rua Prof. Walter Maurício Correa, SN, Botucatu, SP, CEP 18618681, Brazil.
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão. Avenida Eliseu Maciel, SN, Capão do Leão, RS, CEP 96010900, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa Mendonça Soares
- Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana. BR 472, Km 585, Uruguaiana, RS, CEP 97501970, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Gil de Souza
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, RS, CEP 93525075, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Ereno Tadielo
- Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana. BR 472, Km 585, Uruguaiana, RS, CEP 97501970, Brazil
| | | | - Mário Celso Sperotto Brum
- Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana. BR 472, Km 585, Uruguaiana, RS, CEP 97501970, Brazil
| | - Andreia Henzel
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, RS, CEP 93525075, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Hallal Duval
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão. Avenida Eliseu Maciel, SN, Capão do Leão, RS, CEP 96010900, Brazil
| | - Fernando Rosado Spilki
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Rodovia ERS-239, 2755, Novo Hamburgo, RS, CEP 93525075, Brazil
| | - Wladimir Padilha da Silva
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão. Avenida Eliseu Maciel, SN, Capão do Leão, RS, CEP 96010900, Brazil.
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Pereira JG, Soares VM, Tadielo LE, dos Santos EAR, Lopes GV, da Cruz Payão Pellegrini D, Duval EH, da Silva WP. Foods introduced into Brazil through the border with Argentina and Uruguay: Pathogen detection and evaluation of hygienic-sanitary quality. Int J Food Microbiol 2018; 283:22-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Goularte KL, Ferreira CER, Madeira EM, Duval EH, Vieira AD, Mondadori RG, Lucia T. The implementation of a HACCP system improved the efficiency of a bull semen collection and processing center. Anim Reprod 2018; 15:108-113. [PMID: 34122640 PMCID: PMC8186879 DOI: 10.21451/1984-3143-ar2017-022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Bull Semen Collection and Processing Centers (SCPC) have satisfactory control of sperm quality,
but commonly lack standardized quality control of hygiene procedures. This study assessed
the impact of implementing a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) system in
a bull SCPC, comparing microbial counts on various steps of semen processing, semen quality
and costs across two periods (before and after the HACCP implementation). After surveying
all routine activities of the SCPC, control points were identified, preventive measures
were designed and corrective actions were employed, whenever necessary. Six months after
HACCP implementation, the system was audited and production data covering two similar periods
of two consecutive years were compared. Counts of colony forming units in samples collected
from artificial vaginas, flexible tubes from the straw filling machine and from fresh and
frozen semen after HACCP implementation were lower than during the previous period (P <
0.05). Improved post-thawing sperm motility, membrane integrity and acrosome integrity
(P < 0.0001) and reduced rejection of semen batches and frozen doses were observed after
HACCP implementation (P < 0.01), resulting in reduced opportunity costs. Thus, the implementation
of a HACCP system in a bull SCPC allowed low-cost production of high-quality semen doses with
reduced microbial contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Lemos Goularte
- ReproPel, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.,Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Ranquetat Ferreira
- ReproPel, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.,Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Elisângela Mirapalheta Madeira
- ReproPel, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.,Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Hallal Duval
- Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.,Departamento de Veterinária Preventiva, Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal (LIPOA/UFPel), Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Arnaldo Diniz Vieira
- ReproPel, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.,Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Gianella Mondadori
- ReproPel, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.,Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Biologia, UFPel, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Thomaz Lucia
- ReproPel, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.,Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Pereira JG, Soares VM, Santos EAR, Tadielo LE, Pellegrini DCP, Duval EH, Silva WP. Profile of the Illegal Import of Products of Animal Origin to Brazilian Cities at the Border with Argentina and Uruguay. J Food Prot 2017; 80:1605-1612. [PMID: 28853626 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-17-123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
International food transit is a risk to public and animal health when not subject to legal importation sanitation procedures. Due to the extensive border area, illegal food import in Brazil is a common practice, especially in Rio Grande do Sul (RS), a state that borders with Argentina and Uruguay. The objective of this study was to evaluate the profile of Brazilians living in cities in RS that border with Argentina (BR-AR) or Uruguay (BR-UR) regarding the practice of illegal import of products of animal origin and to determine associations between the population characteristics and illegal import. A questionnaire with information related to the personal profile, habits of acquisition of imported food, and knowledge of health risks deriving from the consumption of the imported products was elaborated. The questionnaire was administered in six cities in RS (three cities bordering Argentina and three cities bordering Uruguay) and responses were obtained from 744 individuals. The variables city, sex, level of education, and knowledge were subjected to the chi-square test to verify the association between these variables and food import. Part of the interviewees admitted to illegally importing products of animal origin at both BR-AR (65.17%) and BR-UR (76.28%) borders. Dairy products were the main imported goods, followed by raw and processed meat. The study revealed that illegal import is common at the frontier region of RS, especially that of products of animal origin, dairy, and raw and processed meat. Although illegal importation occurs at all the cities under study, it was higher at the BR-UR border. Also, knowledge of the health risks influences the decision to import food or not.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Pereira
- 1 Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Avenida Eliseu Maciel, s/n, Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 96010900.,2 Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, BR 472, Km 585, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 97501970
| | - V M Soares
- 2 Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, BR 472, Km 585, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 97501970
| | - E A R Santos
- 2 Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, BR 472, Km 585, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 97501970
| | - L E Tadielo
- 2 Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, BR 472, Km 585, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 97501970
| | - D C P Pellegrini
- 2 Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, BR 472, Km 585, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 97501970
| | - E H Duval
- 1 Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Avenida Eliseu Maciel, s/n, Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 96010900
| | - W P Silva
- 1 Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Avenida Eliseu Maciel, s/n, Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 96010900
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Fernandes FP, Voloski FLS, Ramires T, Haubert L, Reta GG, Mondadori RG, Silva WPD, Conceição RDCDSD, Duval EH. Virulence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli in the beef jerky production line. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2017; 364:3746133. [DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnx083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Marques RV, Paz MFD, Duval EH, Corrêa LB, Corrêa ÉK. Staphylococcus xylosus fermentation of pork fatty waste: raw material for biodiesel production. Braz J Microbiol 2016; 47:675-9. [PMID: 27266633 PMCID: PMC4927651 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2016.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The need for cleaner sources of energy has stirred research into utilising alternate fuel sources with favourable emission and sustainability such as biodiesel. However, there are technical constraints that hinder the widespread use of some of the low cost raw materials such as pork fatty wastes. Currently available technology permits the use of lipolytic microorganisms to sustainably produce energy from fat sources; and several microorganisms and their metabolites are being investigated as potential energy sources. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterise the process of Staphylococcus xylosus mediated fermentation of pork fatty waste. We also wanted to explore the possibility of fermentation effecting a modification in the lipid carbon chain to reduce its melting point and thereby act directly on one of the main technical barriers to obtaining biodiesel from this abundant source of lipids. Pork fatty waste was obtained from slaughterhouses in southern Brazil during evisceration of the carcasses and the kidney casing of slaughtered animals was used as feedstock. Fermentation was performed in BHI broth with different concentrations of fatty waste and for different time periods which enabled evaluation of the effect of fermentation time on the melting point of swine fat. The lowest melting point was observed around 46 °C, indicating that these chemical and biological reactions can occur under milder conditions, and that such pre-treatment may further facilitate production of biodiesel from fatty animal waste.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eduarda Hallal Duval
- Animal Products Inspection Laboratory, Federal University of Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Érico Kunde Corrêa
- Laboratory of Wastes, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Goularte KL, Madeira EM, Ferreira CER, Duval EH, Vieira AD, Mondadori RG, Lucia T. Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points System for a Bull Semen Production Centre. Reprod Domest Anim 2015; 50:972-9. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- KL Goularte
- ReproPel; Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Pelotas RS Brazil
- Faculdade de Veterinária; Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Pelotas RS Brazil
| | - EM Madeira
- ReproPel; Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Pelotas RS Brazil
- Faculdade de Veterinária; Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Pelotas RS Brazil
| | - CER Ferreira
- ReproPel; Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Pelotas RS Brazil
- Faculdade de Veterinária; Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Pelotas RS Brazil
| | - EH Duval
- Faculdade de Veterinária; Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Pelotas RS Brazil
- Lipoa; Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Pelotas RS Brazil
| | - AD Vieira
- ReproPel; Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Pelotas RS Brazil
- Faculdade de Veterinária; Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Pelotas RS Brazil
| | - RG Mondadori
- ReproPel; Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Pelotas RS Brazil
- Instituto de Biologia; Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Pelotas RS Brazil
| | - T Lucia
- ReproPel; Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Pelotas RS Brazil
- Faculdade de Veterinária; Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Pelotas RS Brazil
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Abstract
Evolutionary biologists have developed several indices, such as selection gradients (β) and the opportunity for sexual selection (I(s) ), to quantify the actual and/or potential strength of sexual selection acting in natural or experimental populations. In a recent paper, Klug et al. (J. Evol. Biol.23, 2010, 447) contend that selection gradients are the only legitimate metric for quantifying sexual selection. They argue that I(s) and similar mating-system-based metrics provide unpredictable results, which may be uncorrelated with selection acting on a trait, and should therefore be abandoned. We find this view short-sighted and argue that the choice of metric should be governed by the research question at hand. We describe insights that measures such as the opportunity for selection can provide and also argue that Klug et al. have overstated the problems with this approach while glossing over similar issues with the interpretation of selection gradients. While no metric perfectly characterizes sexual selection in all circumstances, thoughtful application of existing measures has been and continues to be informative in evolutionary studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Krakauer
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Duval EH, Alves SL, Dunn B, Sherlock G, Stambuk BU. Microarray karyotyping of maltose-fermenting Saccharomyces yeasts with differing maltotriose utilization profiles reveals copy number variation in genes involved in maltose and maltotriose utilization. J Appl Microbiol 2009; 109:248-59. [PMID: 20070441 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04656.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We performed an analysis of maltotriose utilization by 52 Saccharomyces yeast strains able to ferment maltose efficiently and correlated the observed phenotypes with differences in the copy number of genes possibly involved in maltotriose utilization by yeast cells. METHODS AND RESULTS The analysis of maltose and maltotriose utilization by laboratory and industrial strains of the species Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces pastorianus (a natural S. cerevisiae/Saccharomyces bayanus hybrid) was carried out using microscale liquid cultivation, as well as in aerobic batch cultures. All strains utilize maltose efficiently as a carbon source, but three different phenotypes were observed for maltotriose utilization: efficient growth, slow/delayed growth and no growth. Through microarray karyotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis blots, we analysed the copy number and localization of several maltose-related genes in selected S. cerevisiae strains. While most strains lacked the MPH2 and MPH3 transporter genes, almost all strains analysed had the AGT1 gene and increased copy number of MALx1 permeases. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that S. pastorianus yeast strains utilized maltotriose more efficiently than S. cerevisiae strains and highlighted the importance of the AGT1 gene for efficient maltotriose utilization by S. cerevisiae yeasts. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Our results revealed new maltotriose utilization phenotypes, contributing to a better understanding of the metabolism of this carbon source for improved fermentation by Saccharomyces yeasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Duval
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Abstract
The objective of this work was to study the occurrence of Listeria species in feces and on dressed and cooled carcasses of lambs at a packing plant in Brazil. Listeria spp. were recovered on Oxford and Palcam agars. The 35 fecal samples yielded Listeria welshimeri (20%) and Listeria innocua (8.6%). The 69 carcass samples yielded L. innocua (34.8%), Listeria monocytogenes (4.3%), and Listeria ivanovii (1.5%). More Listeria spp. were recovered with two selective agars than with either agar alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo César Antoniollo
- Agroindustrial Technology and Science Department, Faculdade de Agronomia Eliseu Maciel, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, P.O. Box 354, Pelotas/RS, Brazil
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