1
|
Kuntosch J, Ruebsam ML, Orsson J, Orsson D, Hahnenkamp K, Hartleib J, Flessa S. Health impact of borders: general reflections and a case study from the Polish-German border. Eur J Health Econ 2024; 25:281-292. [PMID: 37046102 PMCID: PMC10096107 DOI: 10.1007/s10198-023-01588-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Political, economic, communicative and cultural borders still limit the accessibility of acute healthcare services for patients so that they frequently have to accept longer distances to travel to the next provider within their own country. In this paper, we analyze the impact of borders and opening of borders on acute medical care in hospitals and on patients in border regions. METHODS We develop a conceptual framework model of cross-border healthcare and apply it to the Polish-German border area. The model combines the distance decay effect, a catchment area analysis, economies of scale and the learning curve. RESULTS Borders have a major impact on acute medical care in hospitals and on patients. Setting of new borders will reduce the accessibility of health facilities for patients or require the establishment of new hospitals. Reopening borders might induce a vicious circle leading to the insolvency of a hospital which might result in poorer health for some patients. CONCLUSION Strong effort should be invested to overcome political and cultural borders to improve the health of the population in border regions. Similarly, increased cross-border acute healthcare must be seen in the context of rural health and the special situation of small rural hospitals in rural peripheral areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Kuntosch
- Department of Healthcare Management, University of Greifswald, Friedrich-Loeffler-Strasse 70, 17487, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Marie-Luise Ruebsam
- Department of Anesthesia, Intensive, Emergency and Pain Medicine, University Medicine of Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Strasse, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jakub Orsson
- Department of Healthcare Management, University of Greifswald, Friedrich-Loeffler-Strasse 70, 17487, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Dorota Orsson
- Department of Anesthesia, Intensive, Emergency and Pain Medicine, University Medicine of Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Strasse, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Klaus Hahnenkamp
- Department of Anesthesia, Intensive, Emergency and Pain Medicine, University Medicine of Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Strasse, 17475, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jörg Hartleib
- Department of Geography, University of Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Strasse 16, 17487, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Steffen Flessa
- Department of Healthcare Management, University of Greifswald, Friedrich-Loeffler-Strasse 70, 17487, Greifswald, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Oyelana O, Glanfield F, Estefan A, Caine V. The experiences of international students in a Canadian faculty of nursing: A narrative inquiry study. Nurse Educ Today 2024; 133:106016. [PMID: 37988829 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2023.106016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In response to the global need for nursing faculty, and nurses in leadership and advanced clinical practice roles, students from different countries come to Canada for their graduate nursing education. The positive reputation and the perceived advantages of the education system are particularly compelling to applicants from the countries located in the Global South. However, these students come from different social, historical, political, cultural, and educational backgrounds that deeply influence their learning experiences in Canada. OBJECTIVE AND METHODOLOGY The aim of this narrative inquiry study was to understand the experiences of international graduate nursing students. The focus was to unravel two puzzles of this inquiry: What stories across social, historical, political, cultural, and educational borders shaped students' identities and ways of knowing? How did the experience in Canada impact their identities? SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Participants were invited from a Master of Nursing program at a research-intensive University in Western Canada. METHODS Participants engaged in series of conversations over a period of one year. RESULTS Multiplicity of borders and identity making, border making, and border crossing, were the threads that resonated across the narrative accounts. CONCLUSION These narrative threads provided insights into the lived experiences of tensions, the shifting of identities, and the day-to-day challenges that international students face while learning in Canada. Being aware of these experiences and acknowledging them could be a significant stride towards addressing the issues of racism, inequity, and exclusion for international students within Canadian graduate nursing education.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olabisi Oyelana
- 9-507H, Robbins Health Learning Centre, MacEwan University, 10700 104Ave NW, Edmonton, Alberta T5J 4S2, Canada.
| | - Florence Glanfield
- 2-29 South Academic Building, University of Alberta, 11328 - 89 Ave NW, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2J7, Canada.
| | - Andrew Estefan
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Vera Caine
- School of Nursing, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 2Y2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gitter A, Bauer C, Wu F, Ramphul R, Chavarria C, Zhang K, Petrosino J, Mezzari M, Gallegos G, Terwilliger AL, Clark JR, Feliz K, Avadhanula V, Piedra T, Weesner K, Maresso A, Mena KD. Assessment of a SARS-CoV-2 wastewater monitoring program in El Paso, Texas, from November 2020 to June 2022. Int J Environ Health Res 2024; 34:564-574. [PMID: 36595614 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2159017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The border city of El Paso, Texas, and its water utility, El Paso Water, initiated a SARS-CoV-2 wastewater monitoring program to assess virus trends and the appropriateness of a wastewater monitoring program for the community. Nearly weekly sample collection at four wastewater treatment facilities (WWTFs), serving distinct regions of the city, was analyzed for SARS-CoV-2 genes using the CDC 2019-Novel coronavirus Real-Time RT-PCR diagnostic panel. Virus concentrations ranged from 86.7 to 268,000 gc/L, varying across time and at each WWTF. The lag time between virus concentrations in wastewater and reported COVID-19 case rates (per 100,00 population) ranged from 4-24 days for the four WWTFs, with the strongest trend occurring from November 2021 - June 2022. This study is an assessment of the utility of a geographically refined SARS-CoV-2 wastewater monitoring program to supplement public health efforts that will manage the virus as it becomes endemic in El Paso.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gitter
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cici Bauer
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fuqing Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ryan Ramphul
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carlos Chavarria
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kehe Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Gabriela Gallegos
- Department of Management, Policy & Community Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Karen Feliz
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Tony Piedra
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Kristina D Mena
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Morrison-Lanjouw S, Spijker R, Mughini-Gras L, Coutinho R, Chaber A, Leeflang M. A systematic review of the intercontinental movement of unregulated African meat imports into and through European border checkpoints. One Health 2023; 17:100599. [PMID: 37545542 PMCID: PMC10400923 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need for biosurveillance of unregulated African meat imports at border points of entry in destination markets. This is underscored by recent pandemics linked to exotic wildlife products. Our objective was to catalog the quantity of meat that is informally transported from Africa into and through Europe often without any veterinary or sanitary checks. We searched and included peer-reviewed studies that contained data on the intercontinental movement of unregulated meat from the African continent. This was followed by an investigation of the reported contamination of such meat. We included fifteen airport studies with limited data on this topic. The references included in this review describe the quantity of meat found at border inspection posts and the presence of pathogens. Disease-causing pathogens were found to be present, and the results are organized into bacteria, virus, and parasite categories. The species of animal meat found in this review were linked to CITES-protected species some of which are known reservoir hosts for infectious diseases. This represents a potential and unquantified human health risk to populations along the supply chain, and a loss to biodiversity in supply countries. Meat samples described in this review were primarily found opportunistically by Customs officials, indicating that any estimate of the total quantities passing undetected through border checkpoints must remain tentative, and cannot rule out the possibility that it is indeed considerably higher. We propose a template for future studies regarding African meat imports at border points of entry. The result of this review illustrates a gap in knowledge and lacunae regarding the amount of unregulated African meat imports worldwide, the pathogens it may contain, and the resulting biodiversity loss that occurs from the intercontinental movement of this meat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Morrison-Lanjouw
- University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU/Julius Center), Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R. Spijker
- Cochrane Netherlands, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Amsterdam Public Health, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Medical Library, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L. Mughini-Gras
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control (CIb), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R.A. Coutinho
- University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU/Julius Center), Utrecht, The Netherlands
- PharmAccess Foundation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A.L. Chaber
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - M. Leeflang
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gaillet M, Musset L, Cropet C, Djossou F, Mallard A, Odonne G, Davy D, Douine M, Epelboin L, Lazrek Y, Mathieu L, Nacher M, Mosnier E. Determination of different social groups' level of knowledge about malaria in a multicultural Amazonian cross- border context. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1585. [PMID: 37598208 PMCID: PMC10439639 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16507-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A steady decline in the number of cases of malaria was observed in the 2000s in French Guiana. This enabled regional health policies to shift their public health goal from control to elimination. To include inhabitants in this strategy, the main objective of this study was to describe knowledge about malaria, and related attitudes and practices in persons living in the French Guiana border. METHODS We conducted a survey in people over 15 years old living in the twelve neighbourhoods of Saint-Georges de l'Oyapock with the highest malaria incidence. It comprised a 147-item questionnaire which collected data on socio-demographic characteristics and included a Knowledge Attitude and Practices survey on malaria. Knowledge-related data were studied using exploratory statistical methods to derive summary variables. A binary variable assessing level of knowledge was proposed and then assessed using exploratory approaches. RESULTS The mean age of the 844 participants was 37.2 years [15.8], the male/female sex ratio was 0.8. In terms of nationality, 485 (57.5%) participants were Brazilian and 352 (41.7%) French. One third (305, 36.1%) spoke Brazilian Portuguese as their native language, 295 (34.9%) the Amerindian language Palikur, 36 (4.3%) French. The symptoms of malaria and prevention means were poorly known by 213 (25.2%) and 378 (44.8%) respondents, respectively. A quarter (206, 24.4%) did not know that malaria can be fatal. Overall, 251 people (29.7%) had an overall poor level of knowledge about malaria. Being under 25 years old, living in a native Amerindian neighbourhood, having an Amerindian mother tongue language, having risk behaviours related to gold mining were significantly associated with a poor level of knowledge. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to describe the poor level of knowledge about malaria in populations living in the malaria endemic border area along the Oyapock river in French Guiana. Results will allow to reinforce, to diversify and to culturally adapt prevention messages and health promotion to increase their effectiveness with a view to quickly reaching the goal of malaria elimination through empowerment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Gaillet
- Service des Centres Délocalisés de Prévention et de Soins, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana, France.
- Écosystèmes Amazoniens Et Pathologie Tropicale, EA3593, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France.
| | - Lise Musset
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Pôle Zones Endémiques, WHO Collaborating Center for Surveillance of Antimalarial Drug Resistance, Institut Pasteur de La Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Claire Cropet
- Centre d'investigation Clinique, INSERM1424, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Félix Djossou
- Écosystèmes Amazoniens Et Pathologie Tropicale, EA3593, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
- Unité de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Adeline Mallard
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Pôle Zones Endémiques, WHO Collaborating Center for Surveillance of Antimalarial Drug Resistance, Institut Pasteur de La Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Guillaume Odonne
- UMSR Laboratoire Écologie, Évolution, Interactions des Systèmes Amazoniens, CNRS-Université de Guyane-IFREMER, OHM Oyapock, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Damien Davy
- UMSR Laboratoire Écologie, Évolution, Interactions des Systèmes Amazoniens, CNRS-Université de Guyane-IFREMER, OHM Oyapock, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Maylis Douine
- Écosystèmes Amazoniens Et Pathologie Tropicale, EA3593, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
- Centre d'investigation Clinique, INSERM1424, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Loic Epelboin
- Écosystèmes Amazoniens Et Pathologie Tropicale, EA3593, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
- Unité de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Yassamine Lazrek
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Pôle Zones Endémiques, WHO Collaborating Center for Surveillance of Antimalarial Drug Resistance, Institut Pasteur de La Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Luana Mathieu
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Pôle Zones Endémiques, WHO Collaborating Center for Surveillance of Antimalarial Drug Resistance, Institut Pasteur de La Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Mathieu Nacher
- Centre d'investigation Clinique, INSERM1424, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Emilie Mosnier
- Service des Centres Délocalisés de Prévention et de Soins, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de La Santé & Traitement de L'Information Médicale, ISSPAM, Marseille, France
- ANRS, MIE, University of Health Sciences, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Patrick SM, Bendiane MK, Kruger T, Harris BN, Riddin MA, Trehard H, de Jager C, Bornman R, Gaudart J. Household living conditions and individual behaviours associated with malaria risk: a community-based survey in the Limpopo River Valley, 2020, South Africa. Malar J 2023; 22:156. [PMID: 37189177 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-023-04585-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the past decade, implementation of multiple malaria control strategies in most countries has largely contributed to advance the global malaria elimination agenda. Nevertheless, in some regions, seasonal epidemics may adversely affect the health of local populations. In South Africa, Plasmodium falciparum malaria is still present, with the Vhembe District experiencing an incidence rate of 3.79 cases/1000 person-years in 2018, particularly in the Limpopo River Valley, bordering Zimbabwe. To elucidate the complexity of the mechanisms involved in local regular malaria outbreaks, a community-based survey was implemented in 2020 that focused on the relationship between housing conditions and malaria risky behaviours. METHODS The community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among the population of three study sites in the Vhembe District, which were selected based on malaria incidence rate, social and health characteristics of inhabitants. The household survey used a random sampling strategy, where data were collected through face-to-face questionnaires and field notes; to described the housing conditions (housing questionnaire), and focus on individual behaviours of household members. Statistical analyses were performed combining hierarchical classifications and logistic regressions. RESULTS In this study, 398 households were described, covering a population of 1681 inhabitants of all ages, and 439 adults who participated in community-based survey. The analysis of situations at risk of malaria showed that the influence of contextual factors, particularly those defined by the type of habitat, was significant. Housing conditions and poor living environments were factors of malaria exposure and history, regardless of site of investigation, individual preventive behaviours and personal characteristics of inhabitants. Multivariate models showed that, considering all personal characteristics or behaviours of inhabitants, housing conditions such as overcrowding pressures were significantly associated with individual malaria risk. CONCLUSIONS The results showed the overwhelming weight of social and contextual factors on risk situations. Considering the Fundamental Causes Theory, malaria control policies based on health behaviour prevention, should reinforce access to care or promoting health education actions. Overarching economic development interventions in targeted geographical areas and populations have to be implemented, so that malaria control and elimination strategies can be efficiently and effectively managed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Patrick
- UP Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control & MRC Collaborating Centre for Malaria Research, School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa.
| | - Marc-Karim Bendiane
- Economics & Social Sciences Applied to Health & Medical Information Processing, Aix Marseille University, INSERM, IRD, ISSPAM, SESSTIM, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Taneshka Kruger
- UP Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control & MRC Collaborating Centre for Malaria Research, School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
| | - Bernice N Harris
- UP Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control & MRC Collaborating Centre for Malaria Research, School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
| | - Megan A Riddin
- UP Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control & MRC Collaborating Centre for Malaria Research, School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
| | - Helene Trehard
- Economics & Social Sciences Applied to Health & Medical Information Processing, Aix Marseille University, INSERM, IRD, ISSPAM, SESSTIM, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Christiaan de Jager
- UP Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control & MRC Collaborating Centre for Malaria Research, School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
| | - Riana Bornman
- UP Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control & MRC Collaborating Centre for Malaria Research, School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
| | - Jean Gaudart
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, IRD, APHM, ISSPAM, SESSTIM, UMR1252, Hospital La Timone, BioSTIC, Biostatistics & ICT, 13005, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ndugga P, Kwagala B, Wandera SO, Kisaakye P, Mbonye MK, Ngabirano F. "If your mother does not teach you, the world will…": a qualitative study of parent-adolescent communication on sexual and reproductive health issues in Border districts of eastern Uganda. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:678. [PMID: 37041536 PMCID: PMC10088803 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15562-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents experience a host of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) challenges, with detrimental SRH and socio-economic consequences. These include early sexual debut, sexually transmitted infections including HIV/AIDS, teenage pregnancy, and early childbearing. Parent-adolescent communication about SRH has significant potential to reduce adolescents' risky sexual behaviors. However, communication between parents and adolescents is limited. This study explored the facilitators and barriers to parent-adolescent communication about sexual and reproductive health. METHODS We conducted a qualitative study in the border districts of Busia and Tororo in Eastern Uganda. Data collection entailed 8 Focus Group Discussions comprising of parents, adolescents (10-17 years), and 25 key informants. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and translated into English. Thematic analysis was conducted with the aid of NVIVO 12 software. RESULTS Participants acknowledged the key role parents play in communicating SRH matters; however, only a few parents engage in such discussions. Facilitators of parent-adolescent communication were: having a good parent-child relationship which makes parents approachable and motivates children to discuss issues openly, a closer bond between mothers and children which is partly attributed to gender roles and expectations eases communication, and having parents with high education making them more knowledgeable and confident when discussing SRH issues with children. However, the discussions are limited by cultural norms that treat parent-child conversations on SRH as a taboo, parents' lack of knowledge, and parents busy work schedules made them unavailable to address pertinent SRH issues. CONCLUSION Parents' ability to communicate with their children is hindered by cultural barriers, busy work schedules, and a lack of knowledge. Engaging all stakeholders including parents to deconstruct sociocultural norms around adolescent SRH, developing the capacity of parents to confidently initiate and convey accurate SRH information, initiation of SRH discussions at early ages, and integrating parent-adolescent communication into parenting interventions, are potential strategies to improve SRH communication between parents and adolescents in high-risk settings such as borders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Ndugga
- College of Business and Management Sciences (CoBAMS), School of Statistics and Planning, Department of Population Studies, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Betty Kwagala
- College of Business and Management Sciences (CoBAMS), School of Statistics and Planning, Department of Population Studies, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Stephen Ojiambo Wandera
- College of Business and Management Sciences (CoBAMS), School of Statistics and Planning, Department of Population Studies, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Peter Kisaakye
- College of Business and Management Sciences (CoBAMS), School of Statistics and Planning, Department of Population Studies, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Martin K Mbonye
- College of Business and Management Sciences (CoBAMS), School of Statistics and Planning, Department of Population Studies, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Fred Ngabirano
- Labor and Social Development (MGLSD), Ministry of Gender, Kampala, Uganda
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chuey MR, Salvatore PP, Phippard A, Lainz AR, Fierro M, Munday S, Moser K, Waterman S, Kriner P, McDonald E. US-Mexico binational COVID-19 cases in southern California border counties, California, February-June 2020. J Migr Health 2023; 7:100163. [PMID: 36711248 PMCID: PMC9872441 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmh.2023.100163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 has had a significant public health impact on both the United States and Mexico. Cross-border mobility between southern California and Mexico raises questions of transmission trends between these jurisdictions. The objective of this project was to describe binational cases amongst California US-Mexico border county COVID-19 cases and compare incidence trends to cross-border Mexico jurisdictions. Methods Interview data from persons with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections in San Diego County, CA and Imperial County, CA from February to June 2020 were reviewed for binational cases; demographics and connection to COVID-19 outbreaks were assessed. Graphs of COVID-19 incidence in San Diego County and Imperial County were compared to incidence graphs in cross-border Mexico jurisdictions of Tijuana and Mexicali. Results Persons with COVID-19 and a binational case were older, more likely to be Hispanic, and reside in a border ZIP code than those without. Binational cases were a small proportion and tracked with overall cases during the study period. Conclusions Binational cases had different trends than non-binational cases of SARS-CoV-2 in San Diego and Imperial counties from February to June 2020. Findings could inform SARS-CoV-2 mitigation strategies specific to the US-Mexico land border, particularly recommendations regarding cross-border land travel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meagan R. Chuey
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
- County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA, USA
- Corresponding author at: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, MS V24-5, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
| | - Phillip P. Salvatore
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alba Phippard
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Marian Fierro
- Imperial County Public Health Department, El Centro, CA, USA
| | - Stephen Munday
- Imperial County Public Health Department, El Centro, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen Moser
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Stephen Waterman
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Paula Kriner
- Imperial County Public Health Department, El Centro, CA, USA
| | - Eric McDonald
- County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang C, Yang R, Wu L, Luo C, Yang Y, Deng Y, Wu J, Liu Y, Zhou H. Survey of malaria vectors on the Cambodia, Thailand and China-Laos Borders. Malar J 2022; 21:399. [PMID: 36585690 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-022-04418-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anopheles maculatus, Anopheles minimus and Anopheles dirus are the major vectors of malaria transmission in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS). The malaria burden in this region has decreased significantly in recent years as all GMS countries progress towards malaria elimination. It is necessary to investigate the Anopheles diversity and abundance status and assess the Plasmodium infection rates to understand the malaria transmission potential of these vector species in GMS countries to guide the development of up-to-date vector control strategies and interventions. METHODS A survey of mosquitoes was conducted in Stung Treng, Sainyabuli and Phongsaly Provinces on the Cambodia-Laos, Thailand-Laos and China-Laos borders, respectively. Mosquito collection was done by overnight trapping at sentinel sites in each province. After morphological identification, the 18S rRNA-based nested-PCR was performed to detect malaria parasites in the captured Anopheles mosquitoes. RESULTS A total of 18 965 mosquitoes comprising of 35 species of 2 subgenera (Subgenus Anopheles and Subgenus Cellia) and 4 tribes (Tribes Culicini, Aedini, Armigerini and Mansoniini) were captured. Tribe Culicini accounted for 85.66% of captures, followed by Subgenus Anopheles (8.15%). Anopheles sinensis dominated the Subgenus Anopheles by 99.81%. Plasmodium-infection was found in 25 out of the 1 683 individual or pooled samples of Anopheles. Among the 25 positive samples, 19, 5 and 1 were collected from Loum, Pangkhom and Siem Pang village, respectively. Eight Anopheles species were found infected with Plasmodium, i.e., An. sinensis, Anopheles kochi, Anopheles vagus, An. minimus, Anopheles annularis, Anopheles philippinensis, Anopheles tessellatus and An. dirus. The infection rates of Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax and mixture of Plasmodium parasite species were 0.12% (2/1 683), 1.31% (22/1 683) and 0.06% (1/1 683), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Overall, this survey re-confirmed that multiple Anopheles species carry malaria parasites in the international border areas of the GMS countries. Anopheles sinensis dominated the Anopheles collections and as carriers of malaria parasites, therefore may play a significant role in malaria transmission. More extensive investigations of malaria vectors are required to reveal the detailed vector biology, ecology, behaviour, and genetics in GMS regions in order to assist with the planning and implementation of improved malaria control strategies.
Collapse
|
10
|
Fraga-García M, Talens-Visconti R, Diez-Sales O, Nácher A. American and European legislation on border medical devices. Expert Rev Med Devices 2022; 19:687-698. [PMID: 36240228 DOI: 10.1080/17434440.2022.2136521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Borderline medical devices are products in a "gray area", this means due to their characteristics, they could belong to different "legal products". In addition, regulation is a controversial topic and may change depending on the country which may put public health at risk and distort the market. AREAS COVERED This article analyzes how borderline medical devices are managed in the American and the European legislation. We compared the decisions made by both regulations on the devices of the "Manual on Borderline and Classification Medical Devices" of the European Commission for the first three sections, those which deal exclusively with medical devices. EXPERT OPINION Borderline medical devices do not have to be understood as something specific to each country. The different classification of products creates international borders. It is necessary to create working groups in international organizations in which global consensus is reached. Although a priori it seems that the American system could be more efficient, studies with quantitative data from authorized devices are needed to show that. Until EUDAMED is not fully operational and open access, it will not be possible to develop them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Fraga-García
- Health Functional Area, Subdelegation of the Government of Valencia, Ministry of Territorial Policy and Public Function, Valencia, Spain
| | - Raquel Talens-Visconti
- Health Functional Area, Subdelegation of the Government of Valencia, Ministry of Territorial Policy and Public Function, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Valencia, Valencia Spain
| | - Octavio Diez-Sales
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Valencia, Valencia Spain.,Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Amparo Nácher
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Valencia, Valencia Spain.,Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Goodman-Meza D, Arredondo J, Slim S, Angulo L, Gonzalez-Nieto P, Loera A, Shoptaw S, Cambou MC, Pitpitan EV. Behavior change after fentanyl testing at a safe consumption space for women in Northern Mexico: A pilot study. Int J Drug Policy 2022; 106:103745. [PMID: 35636071 PMCID: PMC9924820 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2022.103745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fentanyl has led to an increased number of overdose deaths in North America. Testing substances for fentanyl may be a harm reduction strategy to prevent overdose. Little is known about behavior change after fentanyl testing and the attitudes around fentanyl knowledge and testing along the US-Mexico border in the context of a safe consumption site. METHODS This was a pilot quantitative and qualitative study with 30 women who use drugs at an unsanctioned safe consumption site in Mexicali, Mexico. Women participated in a quantitative survey, a semi-structured interview, and fentanyl testing of substances. Injection behavior was observed after fentanyl testing results were provided. Qualitative data were collected to explore the meanings participants attributed to fentanyl and fentanyl testing. RESULTS Half of the substances tested positive for fentanyl (n=15, 50%), and all of them were in samples of black tar heroin. Among those participants who tested positive for fentanyl, 7 (47%) subsequently used less of the intended substance, 1 did not use the intended substance, and 7 (47%) did not change their behavior (i.e., used as originally intended). In qualitative interviews, a predominant theme was a description of fentanyl as dangerous and deadly and fentanyl testing as being helpful for modifying drug use behaviors. However, participants recognized that there could be no change in behavior following a positive fentanyl test in the context of not being able to find substances free of fentanyl. CONCLUSION We observed mixed results related to behavior change after women's intended substance for use tested positive for fentanyl. Fentanyl testing was acceptable to women, but behavior change was hampered by the inability to find substances free of fentanyl. Further research is needed to maximize the potential of fentanyl testing as a harm reduction tool especially in the context of a changing drug supply.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Goodman-Meza
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Jaime Arredondo
- Integración Social Verter, A.C., Calle José Azueta 230, Primera, 21100 Mexicali, B.C., México; School of Public Health and Social Policy, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Said Slim
- Integración Social Verter, A.C., Calle José Azueta 230, Primera, 21100 Mexicali, B.C., México
| | - Lourdes Angulo
- Integración Social Verter, A.C., Calle José Azueta 230, Primera, 21100 Mexicali, B.C., México
| | - Pablo Gonzalez-Nieto
- Integración Social Verter, A.C., Calle José Azueta 230, Primera, 21100 Mexicali, B.C., México
| | - Alejandra Loera
- Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas (CIDE), Circuito Tecnopolo Norte #117, Col. Tecnopolo Pocitos II, 20313 Aguascalientes, Ags., México
| | - Steve Shoptaw
- Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas (CIDE), Circuito Tecnopolo Norte #117, Col. Tecnopolo Pocitos II, 20313 Aguascalientes, Ags., México; Department of Family Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Mary C Cambou
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Eileen V Pitpitan
- School of Social Work, San Diego State University, Hepner Hall room 119 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dwivedi GR, Kant R, Mishra A, Kumar M, Singhal AK, Pathak S. Health status of tribes of Uttar Pradesh with special reference to health-seeking behaviour of uncharted Tharu tribe: A mapping review. Indian J Med Res 2022; 156:186-190. [PMID: 36629178 PMCID: PMC10057369 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_3271_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives The tribal population in India is considered as one of the vulnerable groups with respect to their achievements in health and other developmental issues. In this context, this mapping review attempted to understand the health profile of the Tharu tribal community residing in the northern State of Uttar Pradesh, India through literature mining. Tharu tribe is one of the indigenous groups living in the Terai plain on the Indo-Nepal border. In 1967, this tribe was documented as a Scheduled Tribe by the Government of India. The present review aimed to map the health-seeking behaviour of the Tharu population and review other factors pertaining to their health such as socioeconomic, developmental, employment, education, etc. Methods Online data search was carried out on PubMed and Google Scholar using search terms 'Tharu' AND 'India'. In addition, official reports avaibale in public domain and grey literature was also searched. Results Twenty seven studies including reviews, articles, books/book chapters were evaluated along with 13 reports (including reports from government organizations and grey literature) were retrieved and analyzed. Of the 27 published reports, 16 were found relevant to Tharu tribe in India. A total of 29 (16 articles + 13 reports ) were included in this review. Interpretation & Conclusions This mapping review highights the health seeking behaviour of the Tharu tribe in India that can help inform future interventions to improve the health status of the Tharu tribe as well as other aspects of their development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Raj Dwivedi
- Tribal Study Group, Indian Council of Medical Research-Regional Medical Research Centre, Gorakhpur, Office of the Chief Medical Officer, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajni Kant
- Tribal Study Group, Indian Council of Medical Research-Regional Medical Research Centre, Gorakhpur, Office of the Chief Medical Officer, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ayush Mishra
- Tribal Study Group, Indian Council of Medical Research-Regional Medical Research Centre, Gorakhpur, Office of the Chief Medical Officer, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Tribal Study Group, Indian Council of Medical Research-Regional Medical Research Centre, Gorakhpur, Office of the Chief Medical Officer, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nishio M, Hirasawa K, Ozeki Y, Sawada A, Ikeda R, Fukuchi T, Kobayashi R, Sato C, Ogashiwa T, Inayama Y, Kunisaki R, Maeda S. Magnifying endoscopy is useful for tumor border diagnosis in ulcerative colitis patients. Dig Liver Dis 2022; 54:812-818. [PMID: 35379586 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Endoscopic resection (ER) is feasible for well-circumscribed tumors in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC); however, the specific manner for diagnosis of the tumor border is unclear. We evaluated the efficacy of magnifying endoscopy (ME) for the diagnosis of tumor borders in UC. METHODS We analyzed endoscopically or surgically resected tumors in UC patients in whom both chromoendoscopy (CE) and ME were performed, retrospectively. We classified the tumors based on tumor border visibility and evaluated tumor's characteristics and ER outcomes. RESULTS We examined 100 tumors from 76 UC patients (66 distinct and 34 indistinct on CE). In 22 (65%) indistinct tumors on CE, ME improved the tumor border visibility. Compared with distinct tumors on CE, nonpolypoid and large tumors were more common in indistinct tumors on CE. In indistinct tumors even on ME, flat or depressed morphologies and type V pit were more frequently than in other groups. Sixty-five distinct tumors on CE and 18 distinct tumors on ME alone were treated endoscopically, and their R0 resection rate were 91% and 95% (p > 0.99). CONCLUSIONS ME can improve the tumor border visibility in UC, and ER is feasible for tumors whose border can be visualized on ME.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Nishio
- Division of Endoscopy, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama 232-0024, Japan; Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama 232-0024, Japan
| | - Kingo Hirasawa
- Division of Endoscopy, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama 232-0024, Japan.
| | - Yuichiro Ozeki
- Division of Endoscopy, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama 232-0024, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sawada
- Division of Endoscopy, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama 232-0024, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Ikeda
- Division of Endoscopy, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama 232-0024, Japan
| | - Takehide Fukuchi
- Division of Endoscopy, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama 232-0024, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kobayashi
- Division of Endoscopy, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama 232-0024, Japan
| | - Chiko Sato
- Division of Endoscopy, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama 232-0024, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Ogashiwa
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama 232-0024, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Inayama
- Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama 232-0024, Japan
| | - Reiko Kunisaki
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama 232-0024, Japan
| | - Shin Maeda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Soares VM, Pereira JG, Barreto F, Jank L, Rau RB, Dias Ribeiro CB, Dos Santos Castilhos T, Tomaszewski CA, Hillesheim DR, Mondadori RG, Tadielo LE, Dos Santos EAR, da Cruz Encide Sampaio AN, Cerqueira-Cézar CK, Duval EH, da Silva WP. Residues of Veterinary Drugs in Animal Products Commercialized in the Border Region of Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay. J Food Prot 2022; 85:980-986. [PMID: 35358322 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-21-415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The traffic in international animal products can become a public health hazard when legal import sanitary procedures are not followed. In Brazil, due to its extensive border area, the importation of animal products is a common practice in many areas, especially in Rio Grande do Sul, a state that borders Argentina and Uruguay. The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of veterinary drug residues (antibiotics and antiparasitics) in animal products consumed in Rio Grande do Sul. The presence of residues of veterinary antibiotics and antiparasitics was assessed in 189 meat (beef, pork, and chicken), processed dairy, and meat product samples bought in Argentina (n = 90) and Uruguay (n = 99). Residues of these veterinary drugs were detected in 50 (26.45%) of the samples; 28 samples (14.81%) had antibiotic residues, and 22 samples (11.64%) had antiparasitic residues. Of the 50 positive samples, 40% (15 from Argentina and 5 from Uruguay) had residues above the maximum residue limits (MRLs). Of these 20 samples, 12 had antiparasitic residues above the MRLs (11 beef samples had ivermectin and 1 pork sample had ivermectin and doramectin) and 8 had antibiotic residues above the MRLs (2 pork and 2 sausage samples had doxycycline, 2 cheese samples had doxycycline and chlortetracycline, 1 poultry meat sample had chloramphenicol, and 1 cheese sample had monensin). Because of the potential toxic effects on humans and the potential for pathogens to develop antibiotic resistance, the presence of these residues above the MRLs is a potential risk to public health. The negative impact of consumption of imported animal products can be reduced by implementation of an effective surveillance system and educational campaigns for the general population. HIGHLIGHTS
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Mendonça Soares
- Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, BR 472, Km 585, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 97501-970
| | - Juliano Gonçalves Pereira
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Avenida Eliseu Maciel, s/n Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 96010-900.,Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Campus Botucatu, Rua Prof. Walter Mauricio Correa, SN Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, CEP 18618-681
| | - Fabiano Barreto
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Estrada da Ponta Grossa, 3036 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 91780-580
| | - Louise Jank
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Estrada da Ponta Grossa, 3036 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 91780-580
| | - Renata Batista Rau
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Estrada da Ponta Grossa, 3036 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 91780-580
| | - Cristina Belíssimo Dias Ribeiro
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Estrada da Ponta Grossa, 3036 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 91780-580
| | - Tamara Dos Santos Castilhos
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Estrada da Ponta Grossa, 3036 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 91780-580
| | - Caroline Andrade Tomaszewski
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Estrada da Ponta Grossa, 3036 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 91780-580
| | - Daniel Rodrigo Hillesheim
- Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Estrada da Ponta Grossa, 3036 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 91780-580
| | - Rafael Gianella Mondadori
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Avenida Eliseu Maciel, s/n Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 96010-900
| | - Leonardo Ereno Tadielo
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Campus Botucatu, Rua Prof. Walter Mauricio Correa, SN Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, CEP 18618-681
| | | | - Aryele Nunes da Cruz Encide Sampaio
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Campus Botucatu, Rua Prof. Walter Mauricio Correa, SN Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, CEP 18618-681
| | - Camila Koutsodontis Cerqueira-Cézar
- Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Campus Botucatu, Rua Prof. Walter Mauricio Correa, SN Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, CEP 18618-681
| | - Eduarda Hallal Duval
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Avenida Eliseu Maciel, s/n Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 96010-900
| | - Wladimir Padilha da Silva
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Avenida Eliseu Maciel, s/n Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 96010-900
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Leung MWH, Waters JL, Ki Y. Schools as spaces for in/exclusion of young Mainland Chinese students and families in Hong Kong. Comp Migr Stud 2021; 9:58. [PMID: 34931164 PMCID: PMC8674025 DOI: 10.1186/s40878-021-00269-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Around 30,000 children living in Shenzhen, Mainland China cross the border to Hong Kong to attend school every day. This paper focuses on the school as a key meso-level organisation that mediates macro-level policies and micro-level everyday life experiences among these children and their families. We advocate a relational, spatial perspective, conceptualising schools as webs of intersecting physical, social and digital spaces, where differences between the "locals" and "others" are played out, negotiated and (re)produced, and in turn giving rise to specific (and understudied) geographies of in/exclusion. Drawing on our qualitative research, we offer a close reading of three exemplary school spaces: (i) the physical classroom and school grounds, (ii) the digital classroom, and (iii) at the school gate. Our findings demonstrate the complex and at times contradictory ways in which "the school" is a place of both inclusion and exclusion. It is a dynamic and power-traversed space where social differences between the "locals" and the "others" are played out, contested and redefined continuously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maggi W. H. Leung
- Department of Geography, Planning and International Development Studies, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018 WV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna L. Waters
- Department of Geography, University College London, 26 Bedford Way, London, WC1H 0AP UK
| | - Yutin Ki
- Hong Kong Association for Transport Education, Box 35162, King’s Road Post Office, North Point, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Smith CE, Huang S, Horan KA, Barratt CL. The "What", "Why" and "Whom" of Interrole Interference Among Home-Based Teleworkers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 5:519-540. [PMID: 34660885 PMCID: PMC8502093 DOI: 10.1007/s41542-021-00084-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Many employees are drawn to work-from-home arrangements based on expectations that such arrangements will help them manage both work and home life more effectively. Yet, mixed empirical findings suggest that telework arrangements do not uniformly result in less interrole interference (i.e., work-home and home-work interference). Applying and extending a border theory perspective, the present research offers insight into what factors may predict interrole interference, mediating mechanisms that may explain why such interference occurs, and a moderator that tests for whom interference is most damaging when employees work from home. Specifically, we test cross-role interruption behaviors as a predictor of interrole interference, with recovery experiences as a mediator of this relation and work-life border segmentation preference as a moderator. A sample of 504 home-based teleworkers recruited through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk participated in a three-wave survey. Results from a structural equation modeling approach support our overall model. However, the extent and valence of the impact of cross-role interruption behaviors had on teleworkers’ interrole interference depended on the direction of the interruption, type of recovery experience, and personal work-life border preference. These findings provide theoretical and practical insights that may help explain the gap between expected and actual occurrence of interrole interference in home-based telework arrangements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire E Smith
- Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH USA
| | - Susannah Huang
- Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH USA
| | - Kristin A Horan
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL USA
| | - Clare L Barratt
- Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
O'Connor C, O'Connell N, Burke E, Dempster M, Graham CD, Scally G, Zgaga L, Nolan A, Nicolson G, Mather L, Barry J, Crowley P, Darker CD. Bordering on crisis: A qualitative analysis of focus group, social media, and news media perspectives on the Republic of Ireland-Northern Ireland border during the 'first wave' of the COVID-19 pandemic. Soc Sci Med 2021; 282:114111. [PMID: 34147919 PMCID: PMC8412461 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE International border controls were among the earliest and most effective of measures to constrain transmission of COVID-19. However, such measures are complex when established borders are open yet politically contested, as for the border that divides the Republic of Ireland (ROI) from Northern Ireland (NI). Understanding how this border affected the everyday lives of both populations during the pandemic is important for informing the continued development of effective responses to COVID-19 and future health crises. OBJECTIVE This multi-methods study aimed to explore public perspectives on how the ROI-NI border affected experiences of and responses to the 'first wave' of the pandemic. METHOD The study collated data from focus groups (n = 8), news articles (n = 967), and Twitter posts (n = 356) on the island of Ireland, which mentioned the ROI-NI border in relation to COVID-19. Thematic analysis was used to explore the range of perspectives on the role played by the border during the early months of the pandemic. RESULTS Analysis identified three themes: Cross-Border Interdependencies illustrated the complexity and challenges of living near the border; Interpretations of Cross-Border Policy Disparities showed that lay publics perceived NI and ROI policy approaches as discordant and politicised; and Responses to Cross-Border Policy Disparities revealed alternating calls to either strengthen border controls, or pursue a unified all-island approach. CONCLUSIONS Results reveal clear public appetite for greater synchronisation of cross-border pandemic responses, emphasise the specific vulnerability of communities living near the border, and highlight the risk of long-term socio-political repercussions of border management decisions taken during the pandemic. Findings will inform implementation of pandemic responses and public health policies in jurisdictions that share a porous land border.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicola O'Connell
- Discipline of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Population Health, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Emma Burke
- Discipline of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Population Health, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Martin Dempster
- School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | | | - Gabriel Scally
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, England, UK.
| | - Lina Zgaga
- Discipline of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Population Health, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Ann Nolan
- Trinity Centre for Global Health, Trinity College Dubin, Ireland.
| | - Gail Nicolson
- Discipline of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Population Health, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Luke Mather
- Discipline of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Population Health, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Joseph Barry
- Discipline of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Population Health, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
| | | | - Catherine D Darker
- Discipline of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Population Health, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Background: This article reports on a test of a youth substance use prevention program conducted in Nogales-Sonora, a Mexican city on the US border. Objective: The study tested the efficacy of a version of the keepin' it REAL curriculum for middle school students that was culturally adapted for Mexico and renamed Mantente REAL. Methods: Students in 7th grade classrooms in four public schools participated in the study (N = 1,418, 49% female, mean age = 11.9). Using a clustered randomized design, two schools received the intervention and two served as a treatment-as-usual control group. Regular classroom teachers were trained to deliver the twelve-lesson Mantente REAL manualized curriculum. Parents provided active consent and students gave written assent to collect pretest and posttest questionnaire data, 7 months apart, at the beginning and end of the 2017-2018 academic year. We assessed the Mantente REAL intervention with general linear models adjusted for baseline, attrition, non-linear distributions, and school-level clustering. Results: Students who participated in Mantente REAL reported relatively less frequent use of alcohol and illicit drugs other than marijuana, compared to students in control schools. Males alone reported desirable intervention effects for marijuana use. These desirable effects were especially strong among students who reported higher initial levels of involvement in risky behaviors. Among students more at risk, both females and males receiving the program reported relative reductions in the frequency of use of alcohol and illicit drugs. Conclusions: These promising results within the Mexico-US border context support a further dissemination of the intervention and additional youth prevention research in the region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen S Kulis
- Global Center for Applied Health Research, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA.,School of Social and Family Dynamics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Hilda Garcia-Perez
- El Colegio de la Frontera Norte, Population Studies Department, Nogales, Sonora, México
| | - Flavio F Marsiglia
- Global Center for Applied Health Research, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA.,School of Social Work, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Stephanie L Ayers
- Global Center for Applied Health Research, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Paniz-Mondolfi A, Muñoz M, Florez C, Gomez S, Rico A, Pardo L, Barros EC, Hernández C, Delgado L, Jaimes JE, Pérez L, Teherán AA, Alshammary HA, Obla A, Khan Z, Dutta J, van de Guchte A, Gonzalez-Reiche AS, Hernandez MM, Sordillo EM, Simon V, van Bakel H, Llewellyn MS, Ramírez JD. SARS-CoV-2 spread across the Colombian-Venezuelan border. Infect Genet Evol 2020; 86:104616. [PMID: 33157300 PMCID: PMC7609240 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Venezuela and Colombia both adopted measures of containment early in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, Venezuela's ongoing humanitarian crisis has decimated its health care system, and forced millions of Venezuelans to flee through its porous border with Colombia. The extensive shared border, and illegal cross-border transit through improvised trails between the two countries are major challenges for public health authorities. We report the first SARS-CoV-2 genomes from Venezuela, and present a snapshot of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemiologic landscape in the Colombian-Venezuelan border region. METHODS We sequenced and assembled viral genomes from total RNA extracted from nasopharyngeal (NP) clinical specimens using a custom reference-based analysis pipeline. Three assemblies obtained were subjected to typing using the Phylogenetic Assignment of Named Global Outbreak LINeages 'Pangolin' tool. A total of 376 publicly available SARS-CoV-2 genomes from South America were obtained from the GISAID database to perform comparative genomic analyses. Additionally, the Wuhan-1 strain was used as reference. RESULTS We found that two of the SARS-CoV-2 genomes from Venezuela belonged to the B1 lineage, and the third to the B.1.13 lineage. We observed a point mutation in the Spike protein gene (D614G substitution), previously reported to be associated with increased infectivity, in all three Venezuelan genomes. Additionally, three mutations (R203K/G204R substitution) were present in the nucleocapsid (N) gene of one Venezuelan genome. CONCLUSIONS Genomic sequencing demonstrates similarity between SARS-CoV-2 lineages from Venezuela and viruses collected from patients in bordering areas in Colombia and from Brazil, consistent with cross-border transit despite administrative measures including lockdowns. The presence of mutations associated with increased infectivity in the 3 Venezuelan genomes we report and Colombian SARS-CoV-2 genomes from neighboring borders areas may pose additional challenges for control of SARS-CoV-2 spread in the complex epidemiological landscape in Latin American countries. Public health authorities should carefully follow the progress of the pandemic and its impact on displaced populations within the region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Paniz-Mondolfi
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Marina Muñoz
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas-UR (GIMUR), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Carolina Hernández
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas-UR (GIMUR), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Lourdes Delgado
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas-UR (GIMUR), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jesús E Jaimes
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas-UR (GIMUR), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Luis Pérez
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas-UR (GIMUR), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Hala Alejel Alshammary
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ajay Obla
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Zenab Khan
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jayeeta Dutta
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Adriana van de Guchte
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ana S Gonzalez-Reiche
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Matthew M Hernandez
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Emilia Mia Sordillo
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Viviana Simon
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Harm van Bakel
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Martin S Llewellyn
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health & Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Juan David Ramírez
- Grupo de Investigaciones Microbiológicas-UR (GIMUR), Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Jolly WT. National official assurance systems for international trade in animals and animal products, with reference to the standards of the World Organisation for Animal Health. REV SCI TECH OIE 2020; 39:201-211. [PMID: 32729567 DOI: 10.20506/rst.39.1.3073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In the context of trade, national official assurance systems are the mechanism through which countries provide official assurance to other countries that their products are safe to trade. Regardless of the form in which it is conveyed, an official assurance, for the most part, is a statement from one competent authority to another about the conformity of a consignment with agreed requirements. Effectively, one government is providing a level of guarantee to the other government about matters such as the disease or pest status that exists nationally or regionally and/ or about the risk management activities that have been undertaken as relevant to the traded consignment. Accordingly, the degree of confidence that the importing competent authority has in the ethics, competence and capability of the exporting country's competent authority is central to how much trust the importing country places in the official assurances from the exporting country. The World Organisation for Animal Health Terrestrial Animal Health Code and Aquatic Animal Health Code (Section 5 of both) set out veterinary certificate requirements relating to animal health and zoonoses for both importing and exporting countries engaging in the trade of animals and animal products. These requirements are supplemented by the guidance developed by the Codex Committee on Food Inspection and Certification Systems, which covers the inspection and certification system requirements related to food safety and other non-health-related technical matters (e.g. composition, grade or organic status), as relevant to the international trade in food. This review discusses the need for countries to further align the form and content of their official assurance requirements with the relevant international standards and recommendations. It also notes, however, that there is currently a paucity of recommended standardised attestations. It highlights the increasing movement towards electronic certification and the potential this brings for further amalgamation of different certificate types and the coordination of border clearance processes. The basic components and principles that apply to national official assurance systems are identified and explained. Lastly, future trends and challenges for national official assurance systems, such as the impact of electronic commerce and regional distribution hubs, and the increasing recognition of containment zones and/or risk mitigations, such as treatments, are discussed.
Collapse
|
21
|
Caetano R, Vaeth PAC, Gruenewald PJ, Ponicki WR, Kaplan ZB, Annechino R. Proximity to the Southern Border and Sociodemographic Correlates of Drinking and Driving Arrests in California. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2020; 44:2064-2072. [PMID: 32815565 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND About 30% of all motor vehicle fatalities in the United States are associated with alcohol-impaired motor vehicle crashes. Arrests for drinking and driving (Driving under the influence [DUI]) are 1 of the most important deterrence actions to minimize DUI. This paper examines trends and population-level correlates of drinking driving arrests (DUI) from 2005 to 2017 in California. METHODS Arrest data come from the Monthly Arrest and Citation Register compiled by the California Department of Justice. Sociodemographic and community characteristic data from the U.S. Census, alcohol outlet density, and distance to the U.S.-Mexico border from Law Enforcement Reporting Areas (LERA) centroids were aggregated at the level of 499 LERA contributing to the report. Reported arrest rates were related to area sociodemographic characteristics using hierarchical Bayesian Poisson space-time models. RESULTS Both among men and women rates showed an upward trend until 2008, decreasing after that year. DUI arrest rates were greater among Hispanics than Whites for the 2 younger age groups, 18 to 29 (p < 0.001) and 30 to 39 years (p < 0.001). DUI arrest rates in LERA areas are positively related to proximity to the California/Mexico border; a higher percent of bar/pub outlets; a higher percent of Hispanic population; a higher percent of population 18 to 29, 30 to 39, and 40 to 49 years of age; a higher percent of US-born population; a higher percent of population with annual income of $100,000 or more; a higher percent of population 150% below the federal poverty line; and a higher level of law-enforcement activities. CONCLUSIONS Results of this analysis of spatial correlates of DUI arrests overlap well with the literature on individual-level data and arrest rates. The decrease in arrest rates as distance to the California/Mexico border increases is potentially associated with the greater availability of alcohol in the border area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raul Caetano
- From the, Prevention Research Center, Berkeley, California
| | | | | | | | - Zoe B Kaplan
- From the, Prevention Research Center, Berkeley, California
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Pringle JC, Wesolowski A, Berube S, Kobayashi T, Gebhardt ME, Mulenga M, Chaponda M, Bobanga T, Juliano JJ, Meshnick S, Moss WJ, Carpi G, Norris DE. High Plasmodium falciparum genetic diversity and temporal stability despite control efforts in high transmission settings along the international border between Zambia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Malar J 2019; 18:400. [PMID: 31801548 PMCID: PMC6894251 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-019-3023-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background While the utility of parasite genotyping for malaria elimination has been extensively documented in low to moderate transmission settings, it has been less well-characterized in holoendemic regions. High malaria burden settings have received renewed attention acknowledging their critical role in malaria elimination. Defining the role for parasite genomics in driving these high burden settings towards elimination will enhance future control programme planning. Methods Amplicon deep sequencing was used to characterize parasite population genetic diversity at polymorphic Plasmodium falciparum loci, Pfama1 and Pfcsp, at two timepoints in June–July 2016 and January–March 2017 in a high transmission region along the international border between Luapula Province, Zambia and Haut-Katanga Province, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Results High genetic diversity was observed across both seasons and in both countries. No evidence of population structure was observed between parasite populations on either side of the border, suggesting that this region may be one contiguous transmission zone. Despite a decline in parasite prevalence at the sampling locations in Haut-Katanga Province, no genetic signatures of a population bottleneck were detected, suggesting that larger declines in transmission may be required to reduce parasite genetic diversity. Analysing rare variants may be a suitable alternative approach for detecting epidemiologically important genetic signatures in highly diverse populations; however, the challenge is distinguishing true signals from potential artifacts introduced by small sample sizes. Conclusions Continuing to explore and document the utility of various parasite genotyping approaches for understanding malaria transmission in holoendemic settings will be valuable to future control and elimination programmes, empowering evidence-based selection of tools and methods to address pertinent questions, thus enabling more efficient resource allocation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia C Pringle
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Amy Wesolowski
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Sophie Berube
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Tamaki Kobayashi
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Mary E Gebhardt
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | | | | | - Thierry Bobanga
- Université Protestante au Congo and University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Jonathan J Juliano
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Steven Meshnick
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - William J Moss
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Giovanna Carpi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Douglas E Norris
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mosnier E, Nacher M, Parriault MC, Dao C, Bidaud B, Brousse P, Gaillet M, Epelboin L, Mendes AM, Montenegro L, Daniel CN, Botreau R, Rouseliere A, Rhodes S, Carbunar A. Knowledge, attitudes, practices about HIV and implications in risk and stigma prevention among French Guianese and Brazilian border inhabitants : Beliefs about HIV among border inhabitants. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1633. [PMID: 31801512 PMCID: PMC6894142 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7997-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The border area between French Guiana and Brazil is an active HIV-transmission zone. The aim of the present study was to describe HIV knowledge, risk and the level of stigma among inhabitants of this border area. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 621 inhabitants over 18 years of age in the border cities of Saint-Georges-de-l'Oyapock in French Guiana and Oiapoque in Brazil. It was conducted between October 2017 and February 2018. An anonymous standardized questionnaire was filled out by culturally-trained mediators, then analyzed using STATA 12. RESULTS Almost half (45.9%) of the individuals had a low education level. Participants whose native language was Portuguese or French demonstrated better HIV knowledge than other populations, notably native Amerindian and creole-speaking people. HIV risk behavior was more frequent in men and in younger age groups. People with good HIV knowledge reported having performed more HIV tests in the last year than participants with poor knowledge. The stigma level was high and reported in 74.8% of respondents. CONCLUSIONS These results illustrate the need for initiatives to improve HIV prevention among autochthonous populations on both sides of this border area. Cross-border collaboration on health policies could produce common key messages adapted to the education level and multi-linguistic populations who live in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Mosnier
- Pôle des Centres Délocalisés de Prévention et de Soins, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana. .,Aix Marseille University, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Marseille, France.
| | - M Nacher
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles Guyane, CIC INSERM 1424, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - M C Parriault
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles Guyane, CIC INSERM 1424, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana.,Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale, EA3593, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - C Dao
- Dsanté NGO, Rémire Montjoly, Rémire Montjoly, French Guiana
| | - B Bidaud
- Pôle des Centres Délocalisés de Prévention et de Soins, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - P Brousse
- Pôle des Centres Délocalisés de Prévention et de Soins, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - M Gaillet
- Pôle des Centres Délocalisés de Prévention et de Soins, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana.,Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale, EA3593, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - L Epelboin
- Ecosystèmes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale, EA3593, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana.,Unité de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - A M Mendes
- Universidade Federal do Amapá (UNIFAP), Oiapoque, Brazil
| | - L Montenegro
- Dsanté NGO, Rémire Montjoly, Rémire Montjoly, French Guiana
| | | | - R Botreau
- Pôle des Centres Délocalisés de Prévention et de Soins, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - A Rouseliere
- Dsanté NGO, Rémire Montjoly, Rémire Montjoly, French Guiana
| | - S Rhodes
- Dsanté NGO, Rémire Montjoly, Rémire Montjoly, French Guiana
| | - A Carbunar
- Pôle des Centres Délocalisés de Prévention et de Soins, Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana.,Dsanté NGO, Rémire Montjoly, Rémire Montjoly, French Guiana
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
Maternal Zika virus infection (ZIKV) has serious health consequences for unborn offspring. Knowledge about prevention is critical to reducing risk, yet what women in the high-risk US-Mexico border region know about protecting themselves and their babies from ZIKV is mostly unknown. This study aimed to assess knowledge of ZIKV among pregnant and inter-conception women and to identify sources of information that might address knowledge gaps. Clients in five federally-funded, border region Healthy Start programs (N = 326) were interviewed in late 2016 about their knowledge of ZIKV prevention methods and whether they believed themselves or their babies to be at risk. Sources of information about ZIKV and demographic characteristics were also measured. Chi square tests identified important associations between variables; adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals for knowledge and beliefs were calculated. Among the 305 women aware of ZIKV, 69.5% could name two ways to prevent infection. Only 16.1% of women named using condoms or abstaining from sex as a prevention method. While 75.3% heard about ZIKV first from TV/radio, just 9.5% found the information helpful. Women who received helpful information from health care providers had greater odds of knowing two prevention methods (AOR = 2.0; 1.1-3.7), when to test for ZIKV (AOR = 5.2; 2.1-13.2), and how long to delay pregnancy after infection in a male partner (AOR = 1.9; 1.1-3.2). Those who said web-based and social media sources were helpful had greater odds of knowing when to test for ZIKV (AOR = 2.8; 1.3-6.3). Results can inform messaging for safe pregnancy and ZIKV prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jill A McDonald
- Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Health and Social Services, New Mexico State University, PO Box 30001, Las Cruces, NM, 88003-8001, USA.
| | | | - Bridget Acquah-Baidoo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Health and Social Services, New Mexico State University, PO Box 30001, Las Cruces, NM, 88003-8001, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Borges G, Lown EA, Orozco R, Cherpitel CJ. The relationship between social inequalities, substance use and violence in border and non-border cities of northern Mexico. Drug Alcohol Depend 2019; 200:1-5. [PMID: 31063887 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We know little about determinants of violence and drug use in Mexican northern cities, places considered to be at high risk for alcohol, drug use, and violence, including crimes and homicides. METHODS Data are from the US-Mexico Study on Alcohol and Related Conditions (2011-2013), a survey of respondents living in the border metropolitan areas of Nuevo Laredo (n = 828) and Reynosa and Matamoros (n = 821) and in the non-border metropolitan area of Monterrey (n = 811). Associations between violence (interpersonal, direct community [such as physical attack] and indirect community violence [such as heard gunshots]), drug related activities and neighborhood insecurity with alcohol use disorders (AUD), drug misuse (illicit and out of prescription) and area-level disadvantage (ALD) were estimated with multilevel logistic models, controlling for covariates. RESULTS Substance use was generally related to violence regardless of ALD in these northern cities in Mexico (statistically significant odds ratios range: 0.68-4.24). AUD was associated with 3 forms of violence and also with drug-related activities, but not with neighborhood insecurity. Both illicit drug use and misuse prescription medicines seem to act in unison and were related only to indirect community violence and drug related activities. ALD in these cities was associated with physical violence and neighborhood insecurity. An inverse relationship between illicit drug use and neighborhood insecurity was an unexpected finding. CONCLUSIONS AUD and drug use were associated with violence and drug involvement regardless of ALD. Neighborhood insecurity depended mainly on ALD and to an inverse relationship with illicit drug use that needs further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Borges
- Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, Calzada México Xochimilco No 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, 14370, CDMX, Mexico.
| | - E Anne Lown
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ricardo Orozco
- Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, Calzada México Xochimilco No 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, 14370, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Cheryl J Cherpitel
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute Emeryville, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Mathon D, Apparicio P, Lachapelle U. Cross- border spatial accessibility of health care in the North-East Department of Haiti. Int J Health Geogr 2018; 17:36. [PMID: 30359261 PMCID: PMC6203203 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-018-0156-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The geographical accessibility of health services is an important issue especially in developing countries and even more for those sharing a border as for Haiti and the Dominican Republic. During the last 2 decades, numerous studies have explored the potential spatial access to health services within a whole country or metropolitan area. However, the impacts of the border on the access to health resources between two countries have been less explored. The aim of this paper is to measure the impact of the border on the accessibility to health services for Haitian people living close to the Haitian-Dominican border. METHODS To do this, the widely employed enhanced two-step floating catchment area (E2SFCA) method is applied. Four scenarios simulate different levels of openness of the border. Statistical analysis are conducted to assess the differences and variation in the E2SFCA results. A linear regression model is also used to predict the accessibility to health care services according to the mentioned scenarios. RESULTS The results show that the health professional-to-population accessibility ratio is higher for the Haitian side when the border is open than when it is closed, suggesting an important border impact on Haitians' access to health care resources. On the other hand, when the border is closed, the potential accessibility for health services is higher for the Dominicans. CONCLUSION The openness of the border has a great impact on the spatial accessibility to health care for the population living next to the border and those living nearby a road network in good conditions. Those findings therefore point to the need for effective and efficient trans-border cooperation between health authorities and health facilities. Future research is necessary to explore the determinants of cross-border health care and offers an insight on the spatial revealed access which could lead to a better understanding of the patients' behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Mathon
- Environmental Equity Laboratory, INRS Centre Urbanisation Culture Société, 385, rue Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Québec, H2X 1E3, Canada
| | - Philippe Apparicio
- Environmental Equity Laboratory, INRS Centre Urbanisation Culture Société, 385, rue Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, Québec, H2X 1E3, Canada.
| | - Ugo Lachapelle
- Département d'études urbaines et touristiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Case postale 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3P8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Gutiérrez-Vega M, Esparza-Del Villar OA, Carrillo-Saucedo IC, Montañez-Alvarado P. The Possible Protective Effect of Marital Status in Quality of Life Among Elders in a U.S.-Mexico Border City. Community Ment Health J 2018; 54:480-484. [PMID: 28887605 PMCID: PMC5910460 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-017-0166-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine how marital status may have an impact on quality of life in a group of older adults living in a U.S.-Mexico border city. Two-hundred and seventy-six older adults completed the Spanish version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment, composed of four domains: physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environment. Participants answered a measure of sociodemographic variables. In the psychological health component of quality of life, single and married older adults had the highest scores as compared to widowed and divorced. Similarly, married older adults had the highest quality of life in social relationships. Marital status may play an important role when analyzing quality of life among older adults, this study suggests that being married may offer a protective mechanism against depressive symptoms and therefore against mental illnesses during late adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marisela Gutiérrez-Vega
- Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Av. Plutarco Elías Calles 1210, Juárez, 32310, Chihuahua, México.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Pereira JG, Soares VM, Santos EAR, Tadielo LE, Pellegrini DCP, Duval EH, Silva WP. Profile of the Illegal Import of Products of Animal Origin to Brazilian Cities at the Border with Argentina and Uruguay. J Food Prot 2017; 80:1605-1612. [PMID: 28853626 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-17-123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
International food transit is a risk to public and animal health when not subject to legal importation sanitation procedures. Due to the extensive border area, illegal food import in Brazil is a common practice, especially in Rio Grande do Sul (RS), a state that borders with Argentina and Uruguay. The objective of this study was to evaluate the profile of Brazilians living in cities in RS that border with Argentina (BR-AR) or Uruguay (BR-UR) regarding the practice of illegal import of products of animal origin and to determine associations between the population characteristics and illegal import. A questionnaire with information related to the personal profile, habits of acquisition of imported food, and knowledge of health risks deriving from the consumption of the imported products was elaborated. The questionnaire was administered in six cities in RS (three cities bordering Argentina and three cities bordering Uruguay) and responses were obtained from 744 individuals. The variables city, sex, level of education, and knowledge were subjected to the chi-square test to verify the association between these variables and food import. Part of the interviewees admitted to illegally importing products of animal origin at both BR-AR (65.17%) and BR-UR (76.28%) borders. Dairy products were the main imported goods, followed by raw and processed meat. The study revealed that illegal import is common at the frontier region of RS, especially that of products of animal origin, dairy, and raw and processed meat. Although illegal importation occurs at all the cities under study, it was higher at the BR-UR border. Also, knowledge of the health risks influences the decision to import food or not.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J G Pereira
- 1 Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Avenida Eliseu Maciel, s/n, Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 96010900.,2 Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, BR 472, Km 585, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 97501970
| | - V M Soares
- 2 Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, BR 472, Km 585, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 97501970
| | - E A R Santos
- 2 Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, BR 472, Km 585, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 97501970
| | - L E Tadielo
- 2 Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, BR 472, Km 585, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 97501970
| | - D C P Pellegrini
- 2 Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, BR 472, Km 585, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 97501970
| | - E H Duval
- 1 Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Avenida Eliseu Maciel, s/n, Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 96010900
| | - W P Silva
- 1 Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, Avenida Eliseu Maciel, s/n, Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, CEP 96010900
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
The US-Mexico border presents potential cultural and logistic barriers to obtaining substance abuse treatment. We compare the prevalence and correlates of wanting and getting help between border and non-border residents in both the US and Mexico. Data come from the 2011 to 2012 US-Mexico Study on Alcohol and Related Conditions which surveyed 3214 border and 1582 non-border residents in the US and Mexico. Multivariate logistic regressions estimate the effect of border residence on desire for and receipt of help. In both countries, border substance users were about half as likely as nonborder substance users to have wanted or obtained any kind of help, independent of predisposing, need and enabling factors, including migration status. Among those desiring help, however, about half had obtained it, both on and off the border in both countries. While substantial proportions of those who need help do not get it either on or off the border, lower motivation for treatment may be more important than access in explaining border/non-border differences. Future research should investigate whether there are border-specific barriers to wanting help, and how to minimize them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Wallisch
- Addiction Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, 1717 W. 6th Street, Suite 335, Austin, TX, 78703, USA.
| | - Sarah E Zemore
- Alcohol Research Group, 6475 Christie Avenue, Suite 400, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA
| | - Cheryl J Cherpitel
- Alcohol Research Group, 6475 Christie Avenue, Suite 400, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA
| | - Guilherme Borges
- Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Calzada México Xochimilco, No. 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, C.P. 14370, Mexico, DF, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wallisch L, Zemore SE, Borges G, Cherpitel CJ, Maxwell JC. Prevalence and correlates of arrests or stops for drunk driving on both sides of the U.S.-Mexico border. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2017; 17:478-500. [PMID: 28281916 DOI: 10.1080/15332640.2017.1288190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Risk for driving under the influence of alcohol (DUI) may be higher in U.S. and Mexico border cities as compared to nonborder cities in each country. We examine rates and correlates of self-reported DUI arrests or stops on both sides of the border, drawing on a large-scale survey of 4,796 Mexicans and Mexican Americans in border and nonborder cities of Texas and two states in Mexico. Findings varied by site and country and did not consistently show higher rates on the border. DUI prevention efforts should consider the heterogeneity of local conditions and needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Wallisch
- a Addiction Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas
| | | | - Guilherme Borges
- c Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, San Lorenzo Huipulco , México D.F. , México
| | | | - Jane C Maxwell
- a Addiction Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
In this article, we explore a fundamental issue of Cultural Psychology, that is our "capacity to make meaning", by investigating a thesis from contemporary philosophical semantics, namely, that there is a decisive relationship between language and rationality. Many philosophers think that for a person to be described as a rational agent he must understand the semantic content and meaning of the words he uses to express his intentional mental states, e.g., his beliefs and thoughts. Our argument seeks to investigate the thesis developed by Tyler Burge, according to which our mastery or understanding of the semantic content of the terms which form our beliefs and thoughts is an "incomplete understanding". To do this, we discuss, on the one hand, the general lines of anti-individualism or semantic externalism and, on the other, criticisms of the Burgean notion of incomplete understanding - one radical and the other moderate. We defend our understanding that the content of our beliefs must be described in the light of the limits and natural contingencies of our cognitive capacities and the normative nature of our rationality. At heart, anti-individualism leads us to think about the fact that we are social creatures, living in contingent situations, with important, but limited, cognitive capacities, and that we receive the main, and most important, portion of our knowledge simply from what others tell us. Finally, we conclude that this discussion may contribute to the current debate about the notion of borders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Waldomiro J Silva-Filho
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, CNPq, Brazil, Rua Rodrigo Argollo 251/501 Rio Vermelho, Salvador, Bahia, 41940220, Brazil.
| | - Maria Virgínia Dazzani
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, CNPq, Brazil, Rua Rodrigo Argollo 251/501 Rio Vermelho, Salvador, Bahia, 41940220, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to propose the notion of culture as a symbolic moving border. Departing from both, Boesch's (1991) concept of culture as a symbolic field of action, and Herbst's (1995) co-genetic logic, I will discuss the dynamics of self-other relationships in terms of their potentiality as sources of movement in culture. A brief analysis of an empirical material is given in illustrative character of the ideas here exposed.
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhang Q, Sun J, Zhang Z, Geng Q, Lai S, Hu W, Clements ACA, Li Z. Risk assessment of malaria in land border regions of China in the context of malaria elimination. Malar J 2016; 15:546. [PMID: 27825379 PMCID: PMC5101710 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-016-1590-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cross-border malaria transmission poses a challenge for countries to achieve and maintain malaria elimination. Because of a dramatic increase of cross-border population movement between China and 14 neighbouring countries, the malaria epidemic risk in China’s land border regions needs to be understood. Methods In this study, individual case-based epidemiological data on malaria in the 136 counties of China with international land borders, from 2011 to 2014, were extracted from the National Infectious Disease Information System. The Plasmodium species, seasonality, spatiotemporal distribution and changing features of imported and indigenous cases were analysed using descriptive spatial and temporal methods. Results A total of 1948 malaria cases were reported, with 1406 (72.2%) imported cases and 542 (27.8%) indigenous cases. Plasmodium vivax is the predominant species, with 1536 malaria cases occurrence (78.9%), following by Plasmodium falciparum (361 cases, 18.5%), and the others (51 cases, 2.6%). The magnitude and geographic distribution of malaria in land border counties shrunk sharply during the elimination period. Imported malaria cases were with a peak of 546 cases in 2011, decreasing yearly in the following years. The number of counties with imported cases decreased from 28 counties in 2011 to 26 counties in 2014. Indigenous malaria cases presented a markedly decreasing trend, with 319 indigenous cases in 2011 reducing to only 33 indigenous cases in 2014. The number of counties with indigenous cases reduced from 26 counties in 2011 to 10 counties in 2014. However, several bordering counties of Yunnan province adjacent to Myanmar reported indigenous malaria cases in the four consecutive years from 2011 to 2014. Conclusions The scale and extent of malaria occurrence in the international land border counties of China decreased dramatically during the elimination period. However, several high-risk counties, especially along the China–Myanmar border, still face a persistent risk of malaria introduction and transmission. The study emphasizes the importance and urgency of cross-border cooperation between neighbouring countries to jointly face malaria threats to elimination goals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Division of Infectious Disease, Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-warning on Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai Rd, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Junling Sun
- Division of Infectious Disease, Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-warning on Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai Rd, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Zike Zhang
- Division of Infectious Disease, Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-warning on Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai Rd, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, China.,Center of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qibin Geng
- Division of Infectious Disease, Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-warning on Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai Rd, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, China.,State Key Laboratory of Virology and College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengjie Lai
- Division of Infectious Disease, Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-warning on Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai Rd, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Wenbiao Hu
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Archie C A Clements
- Research School of Population Health, College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Zhongjie Li
- Division of Infectious Disease, Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-warning on Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 155 Changbai Rd, Changping District, Beijing, 102206, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ye Y, Kerr WC. Estimated increase in cross- border purchases by Washington residents following liquor privatization and implications for alcohol consumption trends. Addiction 2016; 111:1948-1953. [PMID: 27262730 PMCID: PMC5056797 DOI: 10.1111/add.13481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To estimate changes in liquor sales occurring in Washington, USA and bordering states following the privatization of government controlled liquor stores. DESIGN Trend analyses of data from January 2009 to October 2014 of a natural experiment beginning 1 June 2012, when liquor prices increased and the number of stores selling liquor increased in the state of Washington. Difference-in-differences (DID) models and interrupted time-series methods were used. SETTING Washington and bordering counties in Oregon and Idaho. MEASUREMENTS Monthly liquor sales in 9-l cases. FINDINGS DID model estimates of adjusted change in liquor sales as a result of privatization produced a cross-model average increase of 10.1% in Oregon and 8.2% in Idaho (both P < 0.001). Similar results were found using interrupted time-series. This represents a total loss to Washington of 89 865 l of liquor, 0.226% of total Washington sales, for June 2012 to May 2013. Adding these sales to Washington totals for fiscal years 2013 and 2014, we find that per-capita spirits sales were 5.80 l in both 2012 and 2013, declining slightly to 5.76 l in 2014. CONCLUSIONS The privatization of liquor sales in the state of Washington, USA in 2012 and the price increases associated with this resulted in a significant increase in sales in bordering counties in the states of Oregon and Idaho. However, the amount of alcohol sales and revenue lost by Washington was relatively small. Per-capita liquor sales in Washington appear to have remained flat after privatization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ye
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA
| | - William C Kerr
- Alcohol Research Group, Public Health Institute, Emeryville, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abdelbary BE, Garcia-Viveros M, Ramirez-Oropesa H, Rahbar MH, Restrepo BI. Tuberculosis-diabetes epidemiology in the border and non-border regions of Tamaulipas, Mexico. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2016; 101S:S124-S134. [PMID: 27733244 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2016.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a re-emerging risk factor for TB development and adverse TB outcomes. As a follow-up of our previous study in 1998-2004, we reassessed prevalence of DM and its associated factors among 8431 TB patients using surveillance data from 2006 to 2013 for the Mexican state of Tamaulipas, across the border with Texas. Prevalence of DM was 25.2%, with an increase of at least 2.8% over the study period. Newly discovered factors associated with TB-DM (versus no DM) were lower education and higher unemployment (p < 0.001), which are reportedly associated with poorer DM management. At least 15% of the DM patients were newly-diagnosed and younger than those previously diagnosed, showing the importance of early DM diagnosis at TB clinics. TB-DM patients were more likely to have smear-positive, pulmonary (versus extra-pulmonary) and drug-resistant TB (1.9-, 3.8- and 1.4-fold, respectively). During treatment, TB-DM patients were more likely to be smear-positive, and less likely to die or abandon TB treatment. Thus, the increasing prevalence of DM among TB, and its association with low education, features of a more contagious TB, and drug resistance, highlight the need for design of TB management programs in DM patients, blood testing of all new TB patients for DM, and if positive for DM, testing for drug resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bassent E Abdelbary
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health in Brownsville, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Brownsville, TX, USA.
| | | | | | - Mohammad H Rahbar
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health at Houston, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA; Division of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA
| | - Blanca I Restrepo
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health in Brownsville, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Brownsville, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Shaked G, Yitzhak A, Abramovich A, Sebbag G, Peleg K, Davidson E, Czeiger D. Military Weapon Injury Among Illegal Immigrants at the Southern Border of Israel: A Single Level I Trauma Center Series. J Immigr Minor Health 2017; 19:1420-6. [PMID: 27318937 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-016-0447-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This article describes the characteristics of injuries of illegal immigrants admitted to a Level I trauma center after being shot at the southern border of Israel. This is a retrospective descriptive study. Some of the variables were compared to a group of soldiers who sustained penetrating injury at the same region where the illegal migrant were injured. The study includes 162 patients. The lower body absorbed a higher percentage of the injuries (61 %). The hospitalization time is longer for the migrant patients compared to the soldiers (13 ± 2 vs. 3 ± 0.3 days p = 0.0001). This study on wounded immigrants shows that a conjoint military and civilian system can result in favourable outcomes. The manuscript is an attempt to bring this unique situation, its type of injuries, and the difficulties of the health system in coping with it, to the notice of all authorities that may address a similar challenge.
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
Mysterious yet unavoidable, silence-phenomena appear to us in inherent ambiguity. In its plurality of meanings, phenomena related to silence are often perceived as overwhelming because they transcend the communicative capacity of language making it a challenge for cultural psychology to understand its involvement in our processes of making sense of experience and existence. Human growth and development involve processes where presence, void and content, voice, sound and noise, motion, transition and stillness, have dialectic interactions. In this article I discuss silence-phenomena as a bordering notion in terms of its discursive quality, the silent quality of speech, and the awareness of the ineffable. In addition, I highlight the possible implications of such notion in the understanding of affect from the perspective of Semiotic Cultural Psychology. I also emphasize the importance of considering psychological borders as multi-dimensional, taking the phenomenological experience of temporality as an illustration, which is also related to high emotional involvement of attention.
Collapse
|
38
|
Reingle Gonzalez JM, Caetano R, Mills BA, Vaeth PAC. An assessment of individual-level factors associated with alcohol treatment utilization among Mexican Americans. J Subst Abuse Treat 2014; 47:347-52. [PMID: 25113028 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2014.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to identify enabling factors for treatment utilization for alcohol-related problems, and to evaluate how enabling factors vary by need for treatment, among two samples of Mexican American adults. These two distinct samples included 2,595 current and former drinkers (one sample included 787 U.S./Mexico border residents; the other sample included 740 Mexican Americans living in U.S. cities not proximal to the border). Need for treatment (alcohol disorder severity) and (male) gender were the primary correlates of treatment utilization; and there was no moderation in the enabling factors by need for treatment as "enablers" of utilization. Further theoretical and empirical research is necessary to determine which mechanisms are driving disparities in treatment utilization across racial/ethnic groups generally, and Hispanic national groups specifically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Raul Caetano
- University of Texas School of Public Health, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., V8.112, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Britain A Mills
- University of Texas School of Public Health, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., V8.112, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Patrice A C Vaeth
- Prevention Research Center, 180 Grand Avenue, Suite 1200, Oakland, CA 94612-3749
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Holmes SM. "Is it worth risking your life?" Ethnography, risk and death on the U.S.-Mexico border. Soc Sci Med 2013; 99:153-61. [PMID: 24120251 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Every year, several hundred people die attempting to cross the border from Mexico into the United States, most often from dehydration and heat stroke though snake bites and violent assaults are also common. This article utilizes participant observation fieldwork in the borderlands of the US and Mexico to explore the experience of structural vulnerability and bodily health risk along the desert trek into the US. Between 2003 and 2005, the ethnographer recorded interviews and conversations with undocumented immigrants crossing the border, border patrol agents, border activists, borderland residents, and armed civilian vigilantes. In addition, he took part in a border crossing beginning in the Mexican state of Oaxaca and ending in a border patrol jail in Arizona after he and his undocumented Mexican research subjects were apprehended trekking through the borderlands. Field notes and interview transcriptions provide thick ethnographic detail demonstrating the ways in which social, ethnic, and citizenship differences as well as border policies force certain categories of people to put their bodies, health, and lives at risk in order for them and their families to survive. Yet, metaphors of individual choice deflect responsibility from global economic policy and US border policy, subtly blaming migrants for the danger - and sometimes death - they experience. The article concludes with policy changes to make US-Mexico labor migration less deadly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seth M Holmes
- Public Health and Medical Anthropology, University of California Berkeley, 50 University Hall, MC 7360, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Chalela P, Pagán JA, Su D, Muñoz E, Ramirez AG. Breast cancer genetic testing awareness, attitudes and intentions of Latinas living along the US-Mexico border: a qualitative study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 2. [PMID: 25473590 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0711.1000152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic testing for breast cancer may facilitate better-informed decisions regarding cancer prevention, risk reduction, more effective early detection, and better determination of risk for family members. Despite these potential benefits, significant portions of the US population-particularly Latinas-lack awareness of genetic testing for breast cancer susceptibility. Among women who are tested, less than 4% are Latina. To uncover reasons for Latinas' low participation, this study explores awareness, attitudes and behavioral intentions to undergo genetic testing among average-risk Latinas along the Texas-Mexico border. METHODS Eight focus groups were conducted with 58 Latinas aged 19-69 living in Hidalgo County, a largely Latino region of South Texas. Focus group discussions were digitally recorded, transcribed and analyzed using qualitative content analysis to assess, categorize and interpret them. Two experienced study team members analyzed transcripts to identify major concepts grouped into theme categories. RESULTS Participants mostly had less than a high-school education (43%), spoke primarily Spanish (52%), were of Mexican-American origin (90%) and had a family income of $30,000 or less (75%). Focus groups found that most participants had positive attitudes and strong interest in genetic testing, yet lacked general awareness and knowledge about genetic testing, its risks, benefits, and limitations. Participants also identified several key cultural-based influencers, such as family, religious beliefs and fear of testing. CONCLUSION The delivery of culturally adapted risk information is needed to increase and ensure Latinas' understanding of breast cancer genetic testing during their decision-making processes. Key Latino values-religiosity, importance of family and the influential role of health care providers in health decisions-should also be considered when designing interventions targeting this specific group. Further research is needed to identify effective ways to communicate genetic risk susceptibility information to Latinas to help them make informed testing decisions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Chalela
- Institute for Health Promotion Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7411 John Smith Drive, Suite 1000, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - José A Pagán
- Department of Health Management and Policy, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd. Fort Worth, TX 76107
| | - Dejun Su
- Department of Sociology, The South Texas Border Health Disparities Center, University of Texas-Pan American, 1201 West University Drive, Edinburg, TX 78539
| | - Edgar Muñoz
- Institute for Health Promotion Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7411 John Smith Drive, Suite 1000, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Amelie G Ramirez
- Institute for Health Promotion Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7411 John Smith Drive, Suite 1000, San Antonio, TX 78229,
| |
Collapse
|