1
|
Silva MDRA, Melo GB, Malta FM, Abdala E, Costa SF, Pierrotti LC, Gonçalves EM, Castilho VL, Chieffi PP, Gryschek RC, Paula FM. Subtypes of Blastocystis sp. isolated in fecal samples from transplant candidates in São Paulo, Brazil. Parasite Epidemiol Control 2019; 8:e00128. [PMID: 31886425 PMCID: PMC6920191 DOI: 10.1016/j.parepi.2019.e00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Blastocystis sp. is an intestinal protozoan commonly found in fecal samples of many animal species, including humans, but poorly studied in transplant candidates. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence and molecular identification of Blastocystis sp. in fecal samples from transplant candidates. A polymerase chain reaction was performed using specific primers for Blastocystis ribosomal DNA. The DNA sequences obtained were aligned and compared with other sequences from the GenBank and MLST databases. The analyzed samples showed a positivity of 16% (24 of 150) for Blastocystis sp. The highest occurrence was observed in renal transplant candidates (31.4%), followed by hepatic transplant candidates (10.4%) and candidates for bone marrow transplantation (5.9%). Subtype (ST) 3 (45.8%) was the most prevalent among the isolates, followed by ST1 (37.5%), ST2 (12.5%), and ST7 (4.2%). This is the first study of molecular identification Blastocystis sp. in transplant candidates. Our results confirmed that ST3 was the most common subtype in transplant candidates and reinforce the importance of new studies to investigate of Blastocystis sp. in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria do Rosário A. Silva
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia da Esquistossomose (LIM-06), Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gessica B. Melo
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia da Esquistossomose (LIM-06), Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda M. Malta
- Laboratório de Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia Tropical (LIM-07), Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edson Abdala
- Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia F. Costa
- Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ligia C. Pierrotti
- Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elenice M.N. Gonçalves
- Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera L.P. Castilho
- Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro P. Chieffi
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo C.B. Gryschek
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia da Esquistossomose (LIM-06), Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabiana M. Paula
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia da Esquistossomose (LIM-06), Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Avila JA, Avila RA, Gonçalves EM, Barbeta VJO, Morcillo AM, Guerra-Junior G. Secular trends of height, weight and BMI in young adult Brazilian military students in the 20th century. Ann Hum Biol 2013; 40:554-6. [PMID: 23844878 DOI: 10.3109/03014460.2013.808696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Secular trends of increasing weight and height over past centuries are well documented in developed countries. However, these data are still scarce in developing countries such as Brazil. AIM To verify the secular trends of height, weight and body mass index (BMI) of military students from Brazilian Army schools who were born between the 1920s and 1990s. SAMPLE AND METHODS A retrospective study was performed, which included a survey of data from the files of two Army schools. The sample was composed of subjects aged between 18-20 years old. RESULTS The study analysed 2169 heights and 1741 weights and BMIs. During the evaluation period, height increased 7.3 cm, weight 9.8 kg and BMI 1.8 kg/m(2). The most significant gains were observed in subjects born from the 1920s to the 1940s and the 1960s to the 1970s. CONCLUSION Secular trends of growth in military students born in the 20th century were positive in Brazil, although increases were not constant decade-by-decade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J A Avila
- Growth and Body Composition Lab, Center for Investigation in Pediatrics (CIPED), Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) , Campinas, São Paulo , Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ramalho LCDB, Gonçalves EM, de Carvalho WRG, Guerra-Junior G, Centeville M, Aoki FH, Morcillo AM, dos Santos Vilela MM, da Silva MTN. Abnormalities in body composition and nutritional status in HIV-infected children and adolescents on antiretroviral therapy. Int J STD AIDS 2012; 22:453-6. [PMID: 21795418 DOI: 10.1258/ijsa.2011.010516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to compare growth, nutritional status and body composition outcomes between a group of 94 HIV-infected children and adolescents on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and 364 healthy controls, and to evaluate their association with clinical and lifestyle variables within the HIV-infected group. When compared with the control group, HIV patients had higher risk of stunting (odds ratio [OR] 5.33, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.83-10.04) and thinness (OR 4.7, 95% CI: 2.44-9.06), higher waist-to-hip ratios (medians 0.89 versus 0.82 for boys and 0.90 versus 0.77 for girls, P < 0.001), and lower prevalence of overweight or obesity (OR 0.33, 95% CI: 0.14-0.78). Protease inhibitor usage was associated with thinness (OR 3.51, 95% CI 1.07-11.44) and lipoatrophy (OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.37-8.95). HIV-infected children on ART showed significant nutritional status and body composition abnormalities, consistent with the severity of vertical HIV infection and the consequences of prolonged ART.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L C de Barros Ramalho
- Center for Investigation in Pediatrics and Graduate Program in Child and Adolescent Health, State University of Campinas Faculty of Medical Sciences, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Carneiro JG, Gonçalves EM, Camata TV, Altimari JM, Machado MV, Batista AR, Guerra Junior G, Moraes AC, Altimari LR. Influence of gender on the EMG signal of the quadriceps femoris muscles and performance in high-intensity short-term exercise. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol 2010; 50:326-332. [PMID: 21284370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of gender on the EMG signal of the muscles of the quadriceps femoris and the physical performance in high-intensity, short-term exercise. Fourteen volunteers (7 men = 29.1 +/- 2.8 years and 7 women = 22.6 +/- 2.9 years) performed a Wingate Test (WT) with a load of 7.5% of body mass. The variables analyzed during the WT were the Relative Peak Power (W.Kg(-1)) (RPP), Relative Mean Power (W.Kg(-1)) (RMP), Fatigue Index (%) (FI) and Peak Power Instant (s) (PPI). EMG signals of the superficial muscles of the quadriceps femoris (QF) from the right leg: rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL) and vastus medialis (VM) were analyzed through root mean square (RMS) values and the normalized median frequency (MNF) determined using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The RPP and the RMP were significantly higher in men when compared to women (9.99 +/- 0.96 vs. 7.66 +/- 1.00 W.kg(-1); 7.23 +/- 0.49 vs. 5.65 +/- 0.61 W.kg(1), P < 0.05; respectively). No significant difference between genders was found on RMS and NMF during WT (P > 0.05). Although RPP and RMP were influenced by gender, the RMS and the NMF of the superficial muscles of the QF did not show the same behavior, suggesting that other mechanisms, not related to motor unit recruitment and speed of nervous stimuli in the muscle fiber may be associated to the lower performance of women in high-intensity, short-term exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J G Carneiro
- Group of Study and Research in Neuromuscular System and Exercise, CEFE-State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gonçalves EM, Araújo RS, Orban M, Matté GR, Matté MH, Corbett CE. Protocol for DNA extraction of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts in fecal samples. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 50:165-7. [DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652008005000002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2007] [Accepted: 04/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp.oocysts in clinical samples is useful for public health since it allows the study of sources of contamination as well as the transmission in different geographical regions. Although widely used in developed countries, in Brazil it is restricted to academic studies, mostly using commercial kits for the extraction of genomic DNA, or in collaboration with external reference centers, rendering the method expensive and limited. The study proposes the application of the modifications recently introduced in the method improving feasibility with lower cost. This method was efficient for clinical samples preserved at -20 °C for up to six years and the low number of oocysts may be overcomed by repetitions of extraction.
Collapse
|
6
|
dos Santos LF, Gonçalves EM, Vaz TMI, Irino K, Guth BEC. Distinct pathotypes of O113 Escherichia coli strains isolated from humans and animals in Brazil. J Clin Microbiol 2007; 45:2028-30. [PMID: 17446328 PMCID: PMC1933057 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00340-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2007] [Revised: 03/21/2007] [Accepted: 04/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Two distinct diarrheagenic Escherichia coli pathotypes, enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) and Shiga toxin-producing E. coli, were observed in association with O113 strains isolated from human and nonhuman sources in Brazil, respectively. The O113 strains from human diarrhea belonged to a diversity of serotypes, and nine (53%) of them harbored virulence traits of typical EAEC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L F dos Santos
- Disciplina de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Rua Botucatu 862/3 andar, CEP 04023-062, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Sludge incinerated ash has been fired at different temperatures. This material was fired at 1050 degrees C for 3 h and until a peak of 1010 degrees C. After thermal treatment the ash was screened at 200 mesh.The ash was characterized by X-ray fluorescence and trace elements like Cr, Pb, Zn, Cu, and some oxides like quartz(SiO2), Al2O3, P2O5, Fe2O3 were found. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) has shown one change of particle between 2 microm at 90 microm and apparent porosity, thermal analysis has shown loss of mass and residual decomposition in the TG, DTG and DTA curves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L C Morais
- Department of Chemical Engineering-Polytechnic School-USP, Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto, Travessa 3, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Carrott PJM, Mourão PAM, Ribeiro Carrott MML, Gonçalves EM. Separating surface and solvent effects and the notion of critical adsorption energy in the adsorption of phenolic compounds by activated carbons. Langmuir 2005; 21:11863-9. [PMID: 16316126 DOI: 10.1021/la0520886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A modified form of the Freundlich equation in which the solute equilibrium concentration is normalized with respect to the solute solubility is analyzed and applied to adsorption isotherms of phenol, 4-nitrophenol, 4-chlorophenol, and 2-chlorophenol at different values of pH on commercial activated carbon before and after oxidation. The analysis confirms the importance of normalizing the solute equilibrium concentration when analyzing the adsorption isotherms, and it is suggested that a parameter, K(F10), obtained by taking 10% solubility as the reference point when applying the Freundlich equation, is probably the best comparative estimate of the relative adsorption capacity of the carbon for different phenolic compounds. In combination with the Freundlich exponent, n(F), estimates of the adsorption capacity at any other reference point can then be obtained. Analysis of the experimental results also indicates a need to distinguish between two regimes of adsorption, characterized by an adsorption energy, E(ads), greater than or less than a critical value, E(ca). When E(ads) > E(ca), the shape of the adsorption isotherm is determined by solute-solid interactions. On the other hand, when E(ads) < E(ca), solute-solution interactions become more important.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P J M Carrott
- Centro de Química de Evora and Departamento de Química, Universidade de Evora, Colégio Luís António Verney, Portugal.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gonçalves EM, Campos R, Amato Neto V, Pinta PL, Moreira AA. [Use of sodium azide, as feces preservative, for the study of eggs of Schistosoma mansoni by the Kato-Katz method]. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 1988; 21:55-8. [PMID: 3249824 DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86821988000200004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
O método de Kato-Katz é muito utilizado para pesquisa de ovos de helmintos nasfezes e, em determinadas ocasiões, como por exemplo no trabalho de campo, afigura-se conveniente preservar o material a examinar, com o intuito de facilitar o transporte e operacionalidade. Na tentativa de poder usar conservador sôliào, capaz de, em relação a ovos de Schistosoma mansoni, manter a morfologia, impedir a evolução e não interferir no processo de clarificação pela glicerina, os autores utilizaram a azida sádica (NaN3), que foi misturada, na quantidade de 2-3mg em aproximadamente 2 g de fezes de pacientes eliminando número conhecido de ovos, quantificados pelo processo de Kato-Katz. As fezes com preservador ficaram mantidas em temperatura ambiente e foram feitas contagens, pela mesma técnica, após uma, duas, quatro, oito e doze semanas. As observações, feitas em 53 amostras, demonstraram que em 51 o número de ovos permaneceu, aproximadamente, idêntico e com estruturas conservadas, de molde a permitir o dignóstico. Em dois casos, nas oitava e décima-segunda semanas, as fezes estavam desidratadas, ressecadas e impróprias para a contagem. A azida sódica, portanto, mostrou-se adequada para a conservação de fezes a serem submetidas ao método de Kato-Katz.
Collapse
|