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Scaioli E, Belluzzi A, Ricciardiello L, Del Rio D, Rotondo E, Mena P, Derlindati E, Danesi F. Pomegranate juice to reduce fecal calprotectin levels in inflammatory bowel disease patients with a high risk of clinical relapse: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2019; 20:327. [PMID: 31171016 PMCID: PMC6554985 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-019-3321-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent episodes of intestinal inflammation and is thought to be related to an autoimmune reaction to genetic and environmental factors. Although evidence indicates that a polyphenolic-rich diet plays an important role in modulating aspects of chronic inflammation, few studies have focused on the effect of ellagitannin (ET)-rich food consumption on long-term remission maintenance in IBD patients with a high risk of clinical relapse. Therefore, we hypothesize that supplementation with a pomegranate juice, a naturally rich source of ETs, could significantly modulate the markers of mucosal and systemic inflammation relative to a control group receiving a placebo. Methods/design This double-blind, randomized controlled trial includes patients with IBD involving the colorectum who have been in stable therapy for at least the three previous months and have a high risk of clinical relapse. Participants are randomly allocated to one of two groups: active supplementation (125 mL of cv. Wonderful pomegranate juice) or placebo (125 mL) taken twice daily for 12 weeks. The primary outcome is changes in the fecal neutrophil-derived protein calprotectin, a surrogate marker of mucosal improvement, between the two groups from baseline to 12 weeks later. The secondary outcomes include transcriptomic changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and intestinal biopsies and changes in circulating inflammatory markers and trimethylamine-N-oxide levels. Pomegranate ET-derived metabolites are identified and quantified in plasma and urine samples. Discussion The results will provide information on the possible reduction of fecal calprotectin levels following the consumption of pomegranate juice. The findings will also show the in vivo metabolism of pomegranate ETs. Finally, the effect of 12-week pomegranate juice consumption on local and systemic inflammatory markers will be elucidated, which will likely provide additional insights into the maintenance of remission in IBD patients. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03000101. Registered on 21 December 2016. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13063-019-3321-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Scaioli
- Gastroenterological Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Belluzzi
- Gastroenterological Unit, St. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Via Massarenti 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luigi Ricciardiello
- Gastroenterological Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Strada del Taglio, 10, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Enrica Rotondo
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Campus of Food Science, University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich, 60, 47521, Cesena, FC, Italy
| | - Pedro Mena
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Medical School, Building C, Via Volturno 39, 43125, Parma, Italy
| | - Eleonora Derlindati
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Campus of Food Science, University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich, 60, 47521, Cesena, FC, Italy.,Endocrinology and Metabolism Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Francesca Danesi
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Campus of Food Science, University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich, 60, 47521, Cesena, FC, Italy.
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Matone A, Derlindati E, Marchetti L, Spigoni V, Dei Cas A, Montanini B, Ardigò D, Zavaroni I, Priami C, Bonadonna RC. Correction: Identification of an early transcriptomic signature of insulin resistance and related diseases in lymphomonocytes of healthy subjects. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211394. [PMID: 30673781 PMCID: PMC6343918 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182559.].
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Matone A, Derlindati E, Marchetti L, Spigoni V, Dei Cas A, Montanini B, Ardigò D, Zavaroni I, Priami C, Bonadonna RC. Identification of an early transcriptomic signature of insulin resistance and related diseases in lymphomonocytes of healthy subjects. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182559. [PMID: 28777829 PMCID: PMC5544197 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance is considered to be a pathogenetic mechanism in several and diverse diseases (e.g. type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis) often antedating them in apparently healthy subjects. The aim of this study is to investigate with a microarray based approach whether IR per se is characterized by a specific pattern of gene expression. For this purpose we analyzed the transcriptomic profile of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in two groups (10 subjects each) of healthy individuals, with extreme insulin resistance or sensitivity, matched for BMI, age and gender, selected within the MultiKnowledge Study cohort (n = 148). Data were analyzed with an ad-hoc rank-based classification method. 321 genes composed the gene set distinguishing the insulin resistant and sensitive groups, within which the "Adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes" KEGG pathway was significantly represented, suggesting a pattern of increased intracellular cAMP and Ca2+, and apoptosis in the IR group. The same pathway allowed to discriminate between insulin resistance and insulin sensitive subjects with BMI >25, supporting his role as a biomarker of IR. Moreover, ASCM pathway harbored biomarkers able to distinguish healthy and diseased subjects (from publicly available data sets) in IR-related diseases involving excitable cells: type 2 diabetes, chronic heart failure, and Alzheimer's disease. The altered gene expression profile of the ASCM pathway is an early molecular signature of IR and could provide a common molecular pathogenetic platform for IR-related disorders, possibly representing an important aid in the efforts aiming at preventing, early detecting and optimally treating IR-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Matone
- The Microsoft Research—University of Trento Centre for Computational and Systems Biology (COSBI), Rovereto, Italy
| | | | - Luca Marchetti
- The Microsoft Research—University of Trento Centre for Computational and Systems Biology (COSBI), Rovereto, Italy
| | - Valentina Spigoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Alessandra Dei Cas
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Barbara Montanini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Diego Ardigò
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Ivana Zavaroni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Corrado Priami
- The Microsoft Research—University of Trento Centre for Computational and Systems Biology (COSBI), Rovereto, Italy
- Department of Mathematics, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Riccardo C. Bonadonna
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, Parma, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Spigoni V, Aldigeri R, Antonini M, Micheli MM, Fantuzzi F, Fratter A, Pellizzato M, Derlindati E, Zavaroni I, Bonadonna RC, Dei Cas A. Effects of a New Nutraceutical Formulation (Berberine, Red Yeast Rice and Chitosan) on Non-HDL Cholesterol Levels in Individuals with Dyslipidemia: Results from a Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071498. [PMID: 28704936 PMCID: PMC5535988 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased non high-density lipoprotein (HDL)/low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels are independent risk factors for cardiovascular (CV) mortality with no documented threshold. A new combination of nutraceuticals (berberine 200 mg, monacolin K 3 mg, chitosan 10 mg and coenzyme Q 10 mg) with additive lipid-lowering properties has become available. The aim of the study is to test the efficacy of the nutraceutical formulation (one daily) in lowering non-HDL cholesterol vs. placebo at 12 weeks in individuals with non-HDL-cholesterol levels ≥160 mg/dL. 39 subjects (age 52 ± 11 years; 54% females; body mass index 27 ± 4 kg/m2) were randomized (3:1) in a double blind phase II placebo-controlled study. At baseline, 4 and 12 weeks main clinical/biohumoral parameters, pro-inflammatory cytokines, (gut)-hormones, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) levels and endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) number were assessed. Baseline characteristics were comparable in the two groups. The intervention significantly decreased non-HDL cholesterol (−30 ± 20 mg/dL; p = 0.012), LDL cholesterol (−31 ± 18 mg/dL, p = 0.011) and apolipoprotein (Apo) B (−14 ± 12 mg/dL, p = 0.030) levels compared to the placebo. Pro-inflammatory, hormonal, PCSK9 and EPC levels remained stable throughout the study in both groups. The intervention was well tolerated. Three adverse events occurred: Epstein Barr virus infection, duodenitis and asymptomatic but significant increase in creatine phosphokinase (following intense physical exercise) which required hospitalization. The tested nutraceutical formulation may represent a possible therapeutic strategy in dyslipidemic individuals in primary prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Spigoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Raffaella Aldigeri
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Monica Antonini
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Maria Maddalena Micheli
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Federica Fantuzzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Andrea Fratter
- Nutraceutical Research and Innovation Technology, Labomar Research, Istrana, 31036 Treviso, Italy.
| | - Marzia Pellizzato
- Nutraceutical Formulation, Labomar Research, Istrana, 31036 Treviso, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Derlindati
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Ivana Zavaroni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Riccardo C Bonadonna
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Dei Cas
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
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Dei Cas A, Spigoni V, Cito M, Aldigeri R, Ridolfi V, Marchesi E, Marina M, Derlindati E, Aloe R, Bonadonna RC, Zavaroni I. Vildagliptin, but not glibenclamide, increases circulating endothelial progenitor cell number: a 12-month randomized controlled trial in patients with type 2 diabetes. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2017; 16:27. [PMID: 28231835 PMCID: PMC5324295 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-017-0503-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fewer circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and increased plasma (C-term) stromal cell-derived factor 1α (SDF-1α), a substrate of DPP-4, are biomarkers, and perhaps mediators, of cardiovascular risk and mortality. Short-term/acute treatment with DPP-4 inhibitors improve EPC bioavailability; however, long-term effects of DPP-4i on EPCs bioavailability/plasma (C-term) SDF-1α are unknown. Methods Randomized (2:1) open-label trial to compare the effects of vildagliptin (V) (100 mg/day) vs glibenclamide (G) (2.5 mg bid to a maximal dose of 5 mg bid) on circulating EPC levels at 4 and 12 months of treatment in 64 patients with type 2 diabetes in metformin failure. At baseline, and after 4 and 12 months, main clinical/biohumoral parameters, inflammatory biomarkers, concomitant therapies, EPC number (CD34+/CD133+/KDR+/106 cytometric events) and plasma (C-term) SDF-1α (R&D system) were assessed. Results Baseline characteristics were comparable in the two groups. V and G similarly and significantly (p < 0.0001) improved glucose control. At 12 months, V significantly increased EPC number (p < 0.05) and significantly reduced (C-term) SDF-1α plasma levels (p < 0.01) compared to G, with no differences in inflammatory biomarkers. Conclusions V exerts a long-term favorable effect on EPC and (C-term) SDF-1α levels at glucose equipoise, thereby implying a putative beneficial effect on vascular integrity. Trial registration Clinical Trials number: NCT01822548; name: Effect of Vildagliptin vs. Glibenclamide on Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cell Number Type 2 Diabetes. Registered 28 March, 2013
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Dei Cas
- Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126, Parma, Italy. .,Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Valentina Spigoni
- Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Monia Cito
- Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Raffaella Aldigeri
- Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | | | | | - Michela Marina
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Eleonora Derlindati
- Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Rosalia Aloe
- Biochemistry, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Riccardo C Bonadonna
- Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126, Parma, Italy.,Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Ivana Zavaroni
- Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126, Parma, Italy.,Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Spigoni V, Aldigeri R, Picconi A, Derlindati E, Franzini L, Haddoub S, Prampolini G, Vigna GB, Zavaroni I, Bonadonna RC, Dei Cas A. Telomere length is independently associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in subjects with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study. Acta Diabetol 2016; 53:661-7. [PMID: 27020053 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-016-0857-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Individuals with type 2 diabetes show shorter leukocyte telomere length (LTL) compared to people without diabetes. Reduced LTL is associated with increased carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in healthy subjects. The aim of the study is to assess whether LTL also correlates with IMT in patients with diabetes. METHODS In a cohort of 104 subjects with type 2 diabetes and atherogenic dyslipidemia, we assessed anthropometric, hemodynamic and metabolic parameters. Common carotid IMT was expressed as the maximum IMT. LTL was assessed by a specific real-time PCR reaction. RESULTS At univariate analysis, IMT values were positively correlated with age (p < 0.001), previous history of cardiovascular events (p < 0.005), fasting plasma glucose (p < 0.01), HbA1c (p < 0.05) and negatively correlated with LTL (p < 0.05). In a multivariate model, age (p < 0.001) and LTL (p < 0.05) were the only independent predictors of maximum IMT, with an adjusted R (2) of 0.22. CONCLUSIONS LTL is an independent predictor of subclinical atherosclerosis pointing to a role of LTL as an early marker of vascular burden and cardiovascular disease also in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Spigoni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Raffaella Aldigeri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Angela Picconi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Eleonora Derlindati
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Laura Franzini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Silvia Haddoub
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Giorgia Prampolini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Giovanni B Vigna
- Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ivana Zavaroni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Riccardo C Bonadonna
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Alessandra Dei Cas
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126, Parma, Italy.
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Dall’Asta M, Derlindati E, Curella V, Mena P, Calani L, Ray S, Zavaroni I, Brighenti F, Del Rio D. Effects of naringenin and its phase II metabolites onin vitrohuman macrophage gene expression. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2013; 64:843-9. [DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2013.804039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Dei Cas A, Spigoni V, Franzini L, Preti M, Ardigò D, Derlindati E, Metra M, Monti LD, Dell'Era P, Gnudi L, Zavaroni I. Lower endothelial progenitor cell number, family history of cardiovascular disease and reduced HDL-cholesterol levels are associated with shorter leukocyte telomere length in healthy young adults. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2013; 23:272-278. [PMID: 21824757 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2011.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Revised: 04/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is a novel marker of cardiovascular (CV) risk. The aim of the study was to investigate the major determinants of LTL in a healthy young population at very low CV risk. METHODS AND RESULTS LTL was determined in 82 healthy subjects (49M/33F; age37 ± 9yrs), normotensive and not taking any medication with different family history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) (24yes/58no). Fasting blood samples were drawn in all subjects for the determination of lipid profile, high sensitive C-reactive protein, uric acid, Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), LTL and Endothelial Progenitor Cell (EPC) number. LTL was assessed with a specific real-time PCR reaction in leukocyte DNA samples. LTL resulted inversely correlated with family history of CVD (t = 2.70; p = 0.009), age (r = -0.238; p = 0.032), waist circumference (r = -0.256; p = 0.02), triglycerides (r = -0.218; p = 0.049), PAI-1 (r = -0.288; p = 0.009) and directly correlated with HDL-cholesterol (r = 0.316; p = 0.004) and EPC number (r = 0.358; p = 0.002). At a multivariate analysis, family history of CVD (p = 0.013), EPC count (p = 0.003), and HDL-cholesterol (p = 0.017) were independently associated with LTL (r = 0.62). CONCLUSION LTL is independently associated to CV risk factors also in healthy young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dei Cas
- Department of Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43100-Parma, Italy.
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Dall'Asta M, Derlindati E, Ardigò D, Zavaroni I, Brighenti F, Del Rio D. Macrophage polarization: the answer to the diet/inflammation conundrum? Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2012; 22:387-392. [PMID: 22397874 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2011.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Revised: 12/16/2011] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages, a heterogeneous and ubiquitous cell population representing up to 15% of the cellular content of different types of tissue, are the principal cell mediators in response to pathogens, inflammation process, tissue homeostasis and repair and play a pivotal role in atherosclerosis and insulin resistance because of their capacity to be the major source of inflammatory cytokines, which can function through paracrine and endocrine mechanisms. Recently, differently activated macrophage populations have been described, depending on a large variety of microenvironmental signals, and it is now recognized that their activation plays a crucial role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. There is good evidence of the ability of conjugated linoleic acids and polyphenolic compounds to modulate inflammation in experimental models involving macrophages. This observation leaves room to the intriguing hypothesis that macrophage polarization could represent one of the unifying mechanisms through which specific food components can exert anti-inflammatory effects in humans, contributing to the prevention of chronic diseases strongly linked to inflammation, such as atherosclerosis. Future studies should be addressed to substantiate this hypothesis, investigating whether or not physiological concentrations of food-derived metabolites can perturb macrophage activation in vitro. On the in vivo side, the evaluation of macrophage populations in tissues, however complex, should be included among the analyses performed in observational and intervention studies, in order to understand if macrophage activation is involved in the anti-inflammatory activity of a specific dietary regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dall'Asta
- The φ² Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Public Health, University of Parma, Italy
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Derlindati E, Dall'Asta M, Ardigò D, Brighenti F, Zavaroni I, Crozier A, Del Rio D. Quercetin-3-O-glucuronide affects the gene expression profile of M1 and M2a human macrophages exhibiting anti-inflammatory effects. Food Funct 2012; 3:1144-52. [DOI: 10.1039/c2fo30127j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Poli T, Lanfranco D, Copelli C, Ardigò D, Silini E, Perris R, Bertani N, Derlindati E, Azzoni C, Sesenna E. PP 106 Integration of clinical, histopathological, radiological and biomolecular data for prediction of oral squamous cell cancer (OSCC) recurrence: the NeoMark project's interim results. Eur J Cancer 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(11)72692-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Dei Cas A, Spigoni V, Ardigò D, Pedrazzi G, Franzini L, Derlindati E, Urbani S, Monti L, Gnudi L, Zavaroni I. Reduced circulating endothelial progenitor cell number in healthy young adult hyperinsulinemic men. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2011; 21:512-517. [PMID: 20227256 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2009.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2009] [Revised: 11/02/2009] [Accepted: 11/24/2009] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The number of Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPCs) is considered a novel marker of cardiovascular (CV) disease. It is not clear which are the main determinants of EPC number in apparently healthy subjects in the absence of overt clinical CV or metabolic abnormalities. We evaluated the main clinical determinants of EPC levels in a population of healthy subjects with normal glucose tolerance. METHODS AND RESULTS EPC number was determined in 122 healthy subjects (73M/49F;36.6 ± 8yrs). Blood samples were collected to test biochemical variables. OGTT was performed and insulin resistance/compensatory hyperinsulinemia was defined according to fasting plasma insulin (FPI) levels. EPCs were identified as cells co-expressing CD133/CD34/KDR antigens by flow-cytometry. CD133(+)/KDR(+) count inversely correlated with BMI (rho=-0.18;p < 0.05), waist circumference (-0.2;<0.05), diastolic (-0.23;<0.01) and systolic blood pressure (-0.21;<0.05), uric acid (-0.24;<0.005), PAI-1 (-0.197; <0.05) and FPI (-0.2;<0.05) and directly correlated with HDL cholesterol (0.182;<0.05). CD34(+)/CD133(+)/KDR(+) count inversely correlated with uric acid (-0.28;<0.005) and FPI (-0.2;<0.05). EPC number was lower in males (p < 0.05) and gender was the only independent predictor of EPC count (p < 0.05). By dividing the population in four subgroups based on gender and insulin resistance, CD133(+)/KDR(+) levels were lower in insulin resistant compared to insulin sensitive males (p < 0.05) with no differences in females. CONCLUSION The male gender is an independent predictor of low EPC levels in healthy subjects. This might contribute to explaining the higher CV risk in males compared to pre-menopausal age-matched females. In this study a reduced EPC number seems to be associated with insulin resistance in male subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dei Cas
- Department of Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Parma, Italy.
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Derlindati E, Ardigà D, Zavaroni I. 296 TRANSCRIPTOMIC ANALYSIS OF MACROPHAGE POLARIZATION: ROLE OF PPARY IN ALTERNATIVE ACTIVATION. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(11)70297-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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