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Bowdish DME, Chandran V, Hitchon CA, Kaplan GG, Avina-Zubieta JA, Fortin PR, Larché MJ, Boire G, Gingras AC, Dayam RM, Colmegna I, Lukusa L, Lee JLF, Richards DP, Pereira D, Watts TH, Silverberg MS, Bernstein CN, Lacaille D, Benoit J, Kim J, Lalonde N, Gunderson J, Allard-Chamard H, Roux S, Quan J, Hracs L, Turnbull E, Valerio V, Bernatsky S. When Should I Get My Next COVID Vaccine? Data from the SUrveillance of responses to COVID-19 vaCcines in systEmic immunE mediated inflammatory Diseases (SUCCEED)study. J Rheumatol 2024:jrheum.2023-1214. [PMID: 38621797 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.2023-1214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine how serologic responses to COVID vaccination/infection in immunemediated inflammatory disease (IMID) are affected by time since last vaccination and other factors. METHODS Post-COVID-19 vaccination, data and dried blood spots/sera were collected from adults with rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, systemic lupus, ankylosing spondylitis/spondylarthritis and psoriasis/psoriatic arthritis. First sample was at enrolment and then 2-4 weeks and 3, 6, and 12 months after latest vaccine dose. Multivariate generalized estimating equation regressions (including medications, demographics, and vaccination history) evaluated serologic response, based on log-transformed anti-RBD IgG titres; we also measured anti-nucleocapsid IgG. RESULTS Positive associations for log-transformed anti-RBD titres were seen with female sex, number of doses, and self-reported COVID infections in 2021-2023. Negative associations were seen with prednisone, anti-TNF agents, and rituximab.Over 2021-2023, most (94%) of anti-nucleocapsid positivity was associated with a self-reported infection in the 3 months prior. From March 2021 to Feb 2022, anti-nucleocapsid positivity was present in 5-15% of samples and was highest in the post-Omicron era, with anti-nucleocapsid positivity trending to 30-35% or higher as of March 2023. Anti-nucleocapsid positivity in IMID remained lower than Canada's general population seroprevalence (>50% in 2022 and >75% in 2023).Time since last vaccination was negatively associated with log-transformed anti-RBD titres, particularly after 210 days. CONCLUSION Ours is the first pan-Canadian IMID assessment of how vaccine history and other factors affect serologic COVID-19 vaccine responses. These findings may help individuals personalize vaccination decisions, including consideration of additional vaccination when >6 months has elapsed since last COVID vaccination/infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn M E Bowdish
- Dawn ME Bowdish PhD, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vinod Chandran
- Vinod Chandran MD PhD, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carol A Hitchon
- Carol A Hitchon MD MSc, Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Gilaad G Kaplan
- Gilaad G. Kaplan MD MPH, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - J Antonio Avina-Zubieta
- J. Antonio Avina-Zubieta MD PhD, Arthritis Research Canada and Division of Rheumatology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Paul R Fortin
- Paul R Fortin MD MPH, Centre de Recherche Arthrite, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Maggie J Larché
- Maggie J. Larché MD PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gilles Boire
- Gilles Boire MD MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Anne-Claude Gingras
- Anne-Claude Gingras PhD, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Roya M Dayam
- Roya M Dayam PhD, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ines Colmegna
- Ines Colmegna MD, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Luck Lukusa
- Luck Lukusa MSc, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jennifer L F Lee
- Jennifer LF Lee BSc, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Dawn P Richards
- Dawn P Richards PhD, Canadian Arthritis Patient Alliance, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel Pereira
- Daniel Pereira BSc, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tania H Watts
- Tania H Watts PhD, Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark S Silverberg
- Mark S Silverberg MD PhD, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Division of Gastroenterology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health, Ontario, Canada
| | - Charles N Bernstein
- Charles N Bernstein MD, Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Diane Lacaille
- Diane Lacaille MD MHSc, Arthritis Research Canada and Division of Rheumatology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jenna Benoit
- Jenna Benoit, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Kim
- John Kim PhD, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Nadine Lalonde
- Nadine Lalonde BSc, Canadian Arthritis Patient Alliance, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Janet Gunderson
- Janet Gunderson BEd, Canadian Arthritis Patient Alliance, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hugues Allard-Chamard
- Hugues Allard-Chamard MD PhD, Division of Rheumatology , Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Sophie Roux
- Sophie Roux MD PhD, Division of Rheumatology , Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Joshua Quan
- Joshua Quan MSc, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lindsay Hracs
- Lindsay Hracs PhD, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Departments of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Turnbull
- Elizabeth Turnbull RN, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Valeria Valerio
- Valeria Valerio MD, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sasha Bernatsky
- Sasha Bernatsky MD PhD, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Pineo H, Moore G, Rowson M, Aldridge RW, Turnbull E. Training the next generation in transdisciplinarity. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Transdisciplinarity is ideally suited to investigating the determinants of health, as it requires the understanding of multiple, interlinking factors such as poverty, culture, education, environment, and public policy. In this study, we set out to understand how others have taught transdisciplinary research methods to identify common teaching methods and best practices.
Methods
We conducted two separate literature reviews using OVID Medline. The first identified articles that conducted transdisciplinary research and the second focused on teaching transdisciplinary research. Studies from both searches were included if they described the methods used to teach transdisciplinary research. Data were extracted on teaching strategies, student assessment, and the cited benefits of both.
Results
Our search of transdisciplinary research papers provided 528 papers whilst our search on teaching transdisciplinary research methods identified 100. After screening, we included 23 papers. Forms of teaching transdisciplinary research were diverse, and included mentoring and multi-mentoring to learn from the experiences of others, small group work to develop interpersonal transdisciplinary skills, immersion in real-life experiences to develop research skills and peer discussion groups to facilitate peer-peer learning. Assessment methods included critical evaluations of past projects and group coursework.
Conclusions
Our review highlighted that a combination of interactive, problem-based discussion and hands-on learning experiences (assessed and non-assessed) were used for transdisciplinary learning and skills acquisition, which needs to be combined with an assortment of exposures to different disciplines in the forms of lectures, readings and learning material.
Key messages
Training the next generation in transdisciplinarity involves a diverse range of methods including immersion in real-life experiences. Transdisciplinary teaching involves an assortment of exposures to different disciplines in the forms of lectures, readings and learning material.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Pineo
- University College London, London, UK
| | - G Moore
- University College London, London, UK
| | - M Rowson
- University College London, London, UK
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Turnbull E. Fellowship, education and benevolence is core to The Company of Nurses. Br J Nurs 2020; 29:647. [PMID: 32516044 DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2020.29.11.647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Turnbull
- Master of The Company of Nurses, City of London, www.companyofnurses.co.uk
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Priaulx J, Turnbull E, Van Ravesteyn NT, Heinävaara S, Senore C, Vokó Z, Jarm K, Veerus P, De Koning H, McKee M. A soft systems approach to identifying barriers to cancer screening programmes. Methodology and application in seven European countries. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky212.785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Priaulx
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - E Turnbull
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - NT Van Ravesteyn
- Erasmus MC University Medical Canter Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - C Senore
- Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, SSD Epidemiology and Screening-CPO, Turin, Italy
| | - Z Vokó
- Department of Health Policy and Health Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - K Jarm
- Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - P Veerus
- National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - H De Koning
- Erasmus MC University Medical Canter Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - M McKee
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Mulroney KT, Hall JM, Huang X, Turnbull E, Bzdyl NM, Chakera A, Naseer U, Corea EM, Ellington MJ, Hopkins KL, Wester AL, Ekelund O, Woodford N, Inglis TJJ. Author Correction: Rapid susceptibility profiling of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6697. [PMID: 29686361 PMCID: PMC5913273 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25216-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K T Mulroney
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, the University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - J M Hall
- Marshall Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, the University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - X Huang
- Marshall Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, the University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Microbiology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, WA, Nedlands, Australia
| | - E Turnbull
- Marshall Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, the University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - N M Bzdyl
- Marshall Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, the University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - A Chakera
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, the University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - U Naseer
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - E M Corea
- Department of Microbiology, University of Colombo, Kynsey Road, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - M J Ellington
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare Associated Infections (AMRHAI) Reference Unit, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London, NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - K L Hopkins
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare Associated Infections (AMRHAI) Reference Unit, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London, NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - A L Wester
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - O Ekelund
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and EUCAST Development Laboratory, Region Kronoberg, Växjö, Sweden
| | - N Woodford
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare Associated Infections (AMRHAI) Reference Unit, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London, NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - T J J Inglis
- Marshall Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, the University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia. .,Department of Microbiology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, WA, Nedlands, Australia. .,Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, the University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
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Abstract
This review summarizes studies discussing temporal trends in the prevalence of food allergy as well as potential factors associated with the development of food allergy. In addition, we will address the potential hypotheses accounting for the apparent increase in food allergy prevalence. Studies suggest increased prevalence of food allergy. However, relatively little is known about its pathogenesis. This review aims to assess temporal trends in the prevalence of food allergy and discuss potential genetic, environmental, and demographic determinants. The search strategy examined the medical literature database MEDLINE (using PubMed) for the time period of January 1, 2002 to January 31, 2012. In recent decades, the prevalence of food allergy in general has increased by 0.60 % [95 % confidence interval (CI), 0.59 %-0.61 %] and the prevalence of peanut allergy by 0.027 % (95 % CI, 0.026 %-0.028 %), but it has now likely stabilized in developed countries. Genes, the environment, and demographic characteristics play a role in the pathogenesis of food allergy. Numerous environmental and demographic factors as well as gene-environment interactions may account for this increase in prevalence, but further studies are required to tease out their relative contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moshe Ben-Shoshan
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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7
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8
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Ben-Shoshan M, Kagan R, Primeau MN, Alizadehfar R, Turnbull E, Harada L, Dufresne C, Allen M, Joseph L, St Pierre Y, Clarke A. Establishing the diagnosis of peanut allergy in children never exposed to peanut or with an uncertain history: a cross-Canada study. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2010; 21:920-6. [PMID: 20444161 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2010.00994.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of peanut allergy (PA) can be complex especially in children never exposed to peanut or with an uncertain history. The aim of the study is to determine which diagnostic algorithms are used by Canadian allergists in such children. Children 1-17 yrs old never exposed to peanut or with an uncertain history having an allergist-confirmed diagnosis of PA were recruited from the Montreal Children's Hospital (MCH) and allergy advocacy organizations. Data on their clinical history and confirmatory testing were compared to six diagnostic algorithms: I. Skin prick test (SPT) >or=8 mm or specific IgE >or=5 kU/l or positive food challenge (+FC); II. SPT >or=8 or IgE >or=15 or +FC; III. SPT >or=13 or IgE >or=5 or +FC; IV. SPT >or=13 or IgE >or=15 or +FC; V. SPT >or=3 and IgE >or=5 or IgE >or=5 or +FC; VI. SPT >or=3 and IgE >or=15 or IgE >or=15 or +FC. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with the use of each algorithm. Of 497 children recruited, 70% provided full data. The least stringent algorithm, algorithm I, was applied in 81.6% (95% CI, 77-85.6%) of children and the most stringent, algorithm VI, in 42.6% (95% CI, 37.2-48.1%).The factor most associated with the use of all algorithms was diagnosis made at the MCH in those never exposed to peanut. Other factors associated with the use of specific diagnostic algorithms were higher paternal education, longer disease duration, and the presence of hives, asthma, eczema, or other food allergies. Over 18% (95% CI, 14.4-23.0%) of children were diagnosed with PA without fulfilling even the least stringent diagnostic criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moshe Ben-Shoshan
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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9
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Goonetilleke N, Liu M, Ganusov V, Giorgi E, Salazar J, Li H, Kirchner J, Turnbull E, Bourne V, Moore S, Yang H, Keele B, Borrow P, Cohen M, Perelson A, Gao F, Hahn B, Shaw G, Korber B, McMichael A. The Role of T Cell Immunity in the Control of HIV Infection. Int J Infect Dis 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2010.02.1528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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10
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Ben-Shoshan M, Kagan RS, Alizadehfar R, Joseph L, Turnbull E, St Pierre Y, Clarke AE. Is the prevalence of peanut allergy increasing? A 5-year follow-up study in children in Montreal. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009; 123:783-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2008] [Revised: 01/29/2009] [Accepted: 02/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Ben-Shoshan M, Kagan R, Primeau MN, Alizadehfar R, Verreault N, Yu JW, Nicolas N, Joseph L, Turnbull E, Dufresne C, St. Pierre Y, Clarke A. Availability of the epinephrine autoinjector at school in children with peanut allergy. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2008; 100:570-5. [DOI: 10.1016/s1081-1206(10)60056-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Ben-Shoshan M, Kagan R, Primeau MN, Alizadehfar R, Turnbull E, Harada L, Dufresne C, Allen M, St-Pierre Y, Clarke A. F.6. The Use of Confirmatory Testing in the Diagnosis of Peanut Allergy in Children. Clin Immunol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2008.03.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Some schools implement peanut-free guidelines (PFG) requesting omission of peanut from lunches. Our study assessed parental awareness of, and adherence to, PFG by comparing the percentage of lunches containing peanut between primary school classes with and without PFG in Montreal, Québec. METHODS Parents, school principals and teachers were queried concerning the school's PFG and children's lunches were inspected by a dietician for peanut-containing foods. RESULTS When lunch peanut contents were compared in randomly selected classrooms, peanut was found in 5/861 lunches in classes with PFG (0.6%, 95% CI 0.2% to 1.4%) and in 84/845 lunches in classes without PFG (9.9%, 95% CI 8.0% to 12.2%), a 9.4% (95% CI 7.3% to 11.4%) difference. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that PFG are effective in reducing peanut in classrooms providing a basis for future research that should address whether or not the reduction in peanut achieved by restrictive lunch policies decreases the morbidity associated with peanut allergy in the school setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devi K Banerjee
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
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14
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Reay PA, Yi-Sun M, Liu B, McGrath Y, Wakeling M, John J, Turnbull E, Thomas S, Coffin R. ImmunoVEX ex vivo: A herpes simplex virus-based, dendritic cell-mediated anti-cancer vaccine platform. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.2602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P. A. Reay
- BioVex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, United Kingdom
| | - M. Yi-Sun
- BioVex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, United Kingdom
| | - B. Liu
- BioVex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, United Kingdom
| | - Y. McGrath
- BioVex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, United Kingdom
| | - M. Wakeling
- BioVex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, United Kingdom
| | - J. John
- BioVex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, United Kingdom
| | - E. Turnbull
- BioVex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, United Kingdom
| | - S. Thomas
- BioVex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, United Kingdom
| | - R. Coffin
- BioVex Limited, Abingdon, Oxon, United Kingdom
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Iedema R, Sorensen R, Braithwaite J, Turnbull E. Speaking about dying in the intensive care unit, and its implications for multidisciplinary end-of-life care. Commun Med 2004; 1:85-96. [PMID: 16808691 DOI: 10.1515/come.2004.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
This article addresses how professionals working in an intensive care unit in Australia speak about dying, with particular reference to the contradictions and complexities that characterize their work in this setting. The article reflects on the incommensurabilities in these clinicians' talk, and the consequences of this for how different professionals work together and care for extremely ill patients. Examples are drawn from talk recorded during ward rounds and focus groups. The article argues that intensive care units are settings where being reflexive about one's work and assumptions is especially difficult because it involves negotiating decisions and taking moral responsibility for decisions affecting very sick patients. These decisions and responsibilities put into sharp relief the 'wicked problems and tragic choices' of end-of-life existence and of intensive care in specific. This article shows some of the complex ways in which specific clinicians' discourse absorbs and manifests these tensions and responsibilities. The article concludes that these kinds of complexities are unlikely to be resolved with reference to formal knowledge or in-principle conviction, and that a new interactive basis needs to be found where clinicians can rehearse alternative ways of speaking with which to approach each other, the dying, and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick Iedema
- Centre for Clinical Governance Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW, Australia.
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16
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Kagan RS, Joseph L, Dufresne C, Gray-Donald K, Turnbull E, Pierre YS, Clarke AE. Prevalence of peanut allergy in primary-school children in Montreal, Canada. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003; 112:1223-8. [PMID: 14657887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2003.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peanut allergy is receiving increasing attention. Only one study has estimated the prevalence in North America, but it did not corroborate history with diagnostic testing. OBJECTIVE We estimated the prevalence of peanut allergy in Montreal by administering questionnaires regarding peanut ingestion to children in kindergarten through grade 3 in randomly selected schools. METHODS Respondents were stratified as follows: (1). peanut tolerant, (2). never-rarely ingest peanut, (3). convincing history of peanut allergy, and (4). uncertain history of peanut allergy. Groups 2, 3, and 4 underwent peanut skin prick tests (SPTs), and if the responses were positive in groups 2 or 4, measurement of peanut-specific IgE were undertaken. Children in group 3 with a positive SPT response were considered allergic to peanut without further testing. Children in groups 2 and 4 with peanut-specific IgE levels of less than 15 kU/L underwent oral peanut challenges. RESULTS Of the 7768 children surveyed, 4339 responded, 94.6% in group 1. The prevalence of peanut allergy was 1.50% (95% CI, 1.16%-1.92%). When multiple imputation was used to incorporate data on those responding to the questionnaire but withdrawing before testing, the estimated prevalence increased to 1.76% (95% CI, 1.38%-2.21%). When data regarding the peanut allergy status of nonresponders (as declared to the school before the study) were also incorporated, the estimated prevalence was 1.34% (95% CI, 1.08%-1.64%). CONCLUSION Our prevalence study is the first in North America to corroborate history with confirmatory testing and the largest worldwide to incorporate these techniques. We have shown that, even with conservative assumptions, prevalence exceeds 1.0%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhoda S Kagan
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University Health Care Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are crucial orchestrators of the adaptive immune response. They are highly effective antigen samplers and have a unique ability amongst antigen presenting cells to activate naïve T lymphocytes and subsequently direct the quality of the immune response. Understanding how DC initiate and regulate immune responses requires in-depth knowledge of DC function at cellular and molecular levels. Research on the biology of DC has predominantly used in vitro-generated and ex vivo-isolated DC from mice and humans. It is, however, often difficult to relate such DC to those that actually exist in vivo. The model we have developed in the rat permits analysis of DC in a near-physiological setting, and provides a description of DC biology that other systems must take into account. In this review we focus on our own research on DC in the gastro-intestinal tract, covering a variety of concepts in DC biology, and relate our findings to the work of others, to provide an overall picture of what is known regarding the nature of this complex cell type in the rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Turnbull
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, UK.
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Carlson RW, Shatters R, Duh JL, Turnbull E, Hanley B, Rolfe BG, Djordjevic MA. The Isolation and Partial Characterization of the Lipopolysaccharides from Several Rhizobium trifolii Mutants Affected in Root Hair Infection. Plant Physiol 1987; 84:421-7. [PMID: 16665455 PMCID: PMC1056595 DOI: 10.1104/pp.84.2.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) from Rhizobium trifolii ANU843 and several transposon (Tn5) symbiotic mutants derived from ANU843 were isolated and partially characterized. The mutant strains are unable to induce normal root hair curling (Hac- phenotype) or nodulation (Nod-phenotype) in clover plants. The LPSs from the parent and mutants are very similar in composition. Analysis by PAGE shows that the LPSs consist of higher and lower molecular weight forms. The higher molecular weight form of the LPSs exists in several aggregation states when PAGE is done in 0.1% SDS but collapses into a single band when PAGE is done in 0.5% SDS. Mild acid hydrolysis of all the LPSs releases two polysaccharides, PS1 and PS2. Immunoblots of the PAGE gels and enzyme linked immunosorbant assay inhibition assays show that the PS1 fractions contain the immunodominant sites of the LPSs and that these sites are present in the higher molecular weight form of the LPSs. All the PS1 fractions contain methylated sugars, 2-amino-2,6-dideoxyhexose, heptose, glucuronic acid, and 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonic acid (KDO). All the PS2 fractions contain galacturonic acid, mannose, galactose, and KDO. The PS2 fractions have a molecular weight of about 700. The KDO is present at the reducing end of both the PS1 and the PS2 fractions. The PS1 and PS2 fractions from the mutants contain more glucose than these fractions from the parent. The LPS from a deletion mutant contains less acyl groups than the other LPSs. Immunoblots of the LPSs show that the parent and nod A mutant LPSs contain an additional antigenic band which is not observed in the other LPSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- R W Carlson
- Department of Chemistry, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, Illinois 61920
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Turnbull E. Real images. Nurses respond to NBC over "accurate portrayals". Nurs Success Today 1986; 3:4-13. [PMID: 3636621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Abstract
An 18-month, nursing service-education project studied means to improve the quality of maternity services in satellite clinic settings. Tools, inservice education meetings, and questionnaires were used to guide nurses, other team members, and students in patient education services. Progress in written and verbal communications was made. Ongoing collaboration between the nurse practitioner and nurse educator produced mutual benefits and unanticipated outcomes.
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Turnbull E. Nurses assist Medical Passport implementation. Mass Nurse 1985; 54:2. [PMID: 3848613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Turnbull E. Shaping a "real" television image: responses and recommendations from nurses to NBC. Mass Nurse 1984; 54:10-3. [PMID: 6569305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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Turnbull E. Rewards in nursing: the case of nurse preceptors. J Nurs Adm 1983; 13:10-3. [PMID: 6549656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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Turnbull E. Rewards in nursing: case in point "nurse preceptors". Mass Nurse 1981; 50:6-7. [PMID: 6914415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Turnbull E. Health care issues as an interdisciplinary course. Nurs Outlook 1981; 29:42-5. [PMID: 6906004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Turnbull E. BREAST CANCER: PREVENTION. Breast examination practices. Am J Nurs 1977; 77:1450-1. [PMID: 587608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Aboul-Khair SA, Turnbull E, Turnbull AC, Crooks J. Effects of pre-eclampsia on the changes in iodine metabolism during pregnancy. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Commonw 1968; 75:1040-4. [PMID: 4176430 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1968.tb02877.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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