Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To assess whether hyperthermic (HT) preconditioning prevents the lethal effects of peritonitis by acting on the immune system.
DESIGN
Prospective, controlled, experimental study.
SETTING
Laboratory and animal facility of the university.
MATERIALS
Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats.
INTERVENTIONS
In the HT groups animals were subjected to hyperthermia (42 degrees C, 15 min) and 8 h later peritonitis (P) (n = 14) was induced. In the normothermic (NT) groups, animals were subjected to normothermia (38 degrees C, 15 min) and 8 h later peritonitis (n = 14) was induced. Each group had a corresponding sham laparotomy group (n = 14). Six rats from each group were allowed to live 7 days for survival. In the control group (n = 4), rats were not anesthetized or heat treated.
MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS
Sixteen hours after peritonitis and laparotomy, rats were killed. Blood was taken to measure the percentage of CD(4)(+), CD(8)(+), CD(4)(+)CD(56)(+), CD(8)(+) CD(11 b)(+), NK(+), B cells and the level of tumor necrosis factor. Grading of peritonitis and the measurement of free oxygen radicals in the peritoneal fluid were undertaken. All rats in the HT + P and sham laparotomy groups survived for 7 days, while in the NT + P group two rats died in 7 days. HT decreased the severity of peritonitis and increased the free oxygen radicals in the peritoneal fluid; however, the difference did not reach statistical significance. HT prevented the decrease in CD(4)(+) and B cells and the increase in CD(11 b)(+).
CONCLUSIONS
HT may have a protective role in sepsis by reducing the severity of peritonitis. A causal relation between hyperthermia and an improved immune system seems possible.
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