1
|
Fall AD, Bagla VP, Bassene E, Eloff JN. PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, ANTIMICROBIAL AND CYTOTOXICITY STUDIES OF ETHANOL LEAF EXTRACT OF APHANIASENEGALENSIS ( SAPINDACEAE). Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med 2017. [PMID: 28638876 PMCID: PMC5471460 DOI: 10.21010/ajtcam.v14i4.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: Aphania senegalensis (Sapindaceae) is commonly used in Senegalese traditional medicine to treat pain, inflammation, asthenia, bacterial and fungal infections. The aim of this study was to determine the type of phytochemical constituents present in the ethanol leaf extract and its antimicrobial activity against selected bacterial and fungal pathogens. Materials and Methods: The ethanol leaf extract of A. senegalensis was evaluated for its cytotoxic effect in the MTT assay against Vero cells. Flavonoids and tannins were the main constituents of the ethanol leaf extract. Results: The extract inhibited the growth of the three fungal strains used in this study moderately with the lowest MIC obtained for Candidaalbicans (0.16 mg/mL). The extract also inhibited the growth of Aspergillus fumigatus and Cryptococcus neoformans with an MIC of 0.62 mg/mL. For bacterial pathogens, strong inhibition was obtained against Enterococcusfaecalis (ATTC 29212) (MIC 0.08 mg/mL), while moderate inhibition was obtained for Escherichia coli (ATTC 25922) (MIC 0.16 mg/mL) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATTC 29213) (MIC 0.31mg/mL). The extract however did not inhibit the growth of Pseudomonasaeruginosa (ATTC 27853) at the highest concentration (2.5 mg/ml) tested. The ethanol leaf extract of A. senegalensis had a higher cytotoxicity than berberine used as the positive control (LC502.67±0.04 µg/mL and 9.99±0.54 µg/mL respectively). The best selectivity index values was obtained for Enterococcus faecalis (SI = 1.24), followed by Escherichia coli (SI = 0.62) for bacterial pathogens and C. albicans (SI = 0.62) for fungal pathogens. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that the extracts may not be safe for use in animals infected by some pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alioune Dior Fall
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110 Pretoria, South Africa.,Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Botany; Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontology. University Cheikh Anta DIOP, B.P 5005 Dakar-Fann, Senegal
| | - Victor Patrick Bagla
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110 Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Emmanuel Bassene
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Botany; Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontology. University Cheikh Anta DIOP, B.P 5005 Dakar-Fann, Senegal
| | - Jacobus Nicolaas Eloff
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110 Pretoria, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Diatta W, Sy GY, Manga CI, Diatta K, Fall A, Bassene E. Recherche des activités anti-inflammatoire et analgésique des extraits de feuilles de Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides (Lam) zepernick et timler ( Rutaceae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/ijbcs.v8i1.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
3
|
M'baye BK, Lo B, Bassene E. Etude quantitative de quelques pigments de la Spiruline cultivée en Mauritanie en vue d’une valorisation nutritionnelle. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4314/ijbcs.v5i5.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
4
|
Bakoma B, Eklu-Gadeg K, Agbonon A, Aklikokou K, Bassene E, . MG. Preventive Effect of Bridelia ferruginea Against High-fructose Diet Induced Glucose Intolerance, Oxidative Stress and Hyperlipidemia in Male Wistar Rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3923/jpt.2011.249.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
5
|
Gaiwe R, Nkulinkiye-Nfura T, Bassene E, Olschwang D, Ba D, Pousset EJL. Calcium et mucilage dans les feuilles de Adansonia digitata(Baobab). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.3109/13880208909053945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
6
|
Fall AD, Diatta W, Sy G, Lo M, Bassene E, Faye B. [Myorelaxant and antispasmodic activity of ethanolic total extract's fractions of roots of Cassia sieberiana D.C. (Caesalpiniaceae) on isolated wistar rat ileum]. Dakar Med 2005; 50:132-5. [PMID: 17632996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cassia sieberiana DC (CAESALPINIACEAE) is a plant which grows in Southern Senegal. Its roots are used by traditional medicinal practitioners for its s pasmolytic and antiparasitic properties. The objective of our study was to investigate the myorelaxant and antispasmodic activity of the roots of C. sieberiana on the isolated Wistar rat ileum. MATERIAL AND METHODS The powder of the roots of C. sieberiana was treated in a soxhlet with ethanol at 90 degrees. After dry evaporation, the extract was dissolved into water before successive treatments with ethyl acetate and butanol. Ethyl acetate, butanolic and aqueous residual fractions as well as the ethanolic total extract were tested on isolated rat ileum. RESULTS The mean of inhibition Percentage (MIP) of the basal tonus of rat ileum after the total ethanolic extract (75 microg/ml) treatment was 50.51 +/- 10.18% (p < 0.05, n=5). Ethyl acetate and butanolic fractions were significantly more active on the ileal basal tonus to the one of total ethanolic extract. At 37.5 microg/ml, it decreased the ileal basal tonus with MIP respectively to 70.46 +/- 5.18% and 60.61 +/- 1.5% (p < 0.05, n=5). In contrast, the residual aqueous fraction was not active at all. After intestine precontracted with acetylcholine, the total ethanolic extract (MIP=52 +/- 20.49%) as well as the butanolic (MIP = 73 +/- 6.09%) and the ethyl acetate (MIP = 71 +/- 4.07 %) (p < 0.05, n=5) fractions induced a significant decrease of spasms (p < 0.05) (n=5). CONCLUSION the butanolic and ethyl acetate fractions of the roots of C. sieberiana were more potent than the total ethanolic extract to induce myorelaxant a nd antispasmodic activity on isolated rat ileum. This study provides a pharmacological basis for a rational use of the roots of C. sieberiana in traditional medicine to treat gastro-intestinal disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A D Fall
- de Pharmacognosie et de Botanique, Faculte de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d'Odonto-Stomatologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, BP 5005, Dakar, Sénégal
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zafinindra LR, Diatta W, Dieye AM, Nongonierma R, Faye B, Bassene E. [Antipyretic effect of aqueous extract and alcaloid of Tinospora bakis (Miers) in rabbits]. Dakar Med 2003; 48:29-33. [PMID: 15776647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Lyophilised aqueous extract and alcaloidic totum (basic form) from roots of Tinospora bakis (Miers) have been tested with hyperthermic rabbits by sub-cutaneous administration of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mixture at 2g/kg. Total aqueous extract had been orally administrated at three doses: 150, 300 and 600 mg/kg and we obtained significant antipyretic effects at 300 and 600 mg/kg. With the alcaloidic totum at 2.5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg (per os) corresponding to 150 and 600 mg/kg of the aqueous extract, we have observed significant antipyretic effects as compared with those of Aspirin used as reference product. These results show that aqueous extract of Tinospora bakis (Miers) has an antipyretic effect and total alcaloids could account for this activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L R Zafinindra
- Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie et Botanique, Faculté de Médecine, Pharmacie et d'Odonto-stomatologie, Université Cheikh Anta DIOP de Dakar, BP 5005, Sénégal
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Thioune O, Sene CT, Ngom S, Diop AB, Bassene E, Faye B, Lo I. [Preparation of a syrup with Bakis roots (Tinospora bakis) and evaluation of its choleretic activity in rats]. Dakar Med 2002; 47:60-3. [PMID: 15776596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to prepare a pharmaceutical using the aqueous extract of bakis roots and to check if the choleretic activity of this latter was maintained in cholestatic rats. So, a sirup was prepared and tested. The obtained results had shown that the aqueous extract maintained its choleretic activity. Indeed, when it was used at a dose of about 7.5 mg/100 g of weight, the sirup induced a significant increase of bilary secretion in healthy rats and cholestatic rats, confirming the results observed with the aqueous extract. Therefore, futher investigations in order to improve the quality of the sirup can be considered before performing clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Thioune
- Laboratoire de Pharmacie Galénique et Législation, Faculté de Médecine, de Pharmacie et d'Odonto Stomatoiogie, UCAD, Senegal
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Diouf A, Cisse A, Gueye SS, Mendes V, Siby T, Diouf Diop RM, Bassene E. [Toxocological study of Guiera senegalensis Lam (Combretaceae)]. Dakar Med 2000; 45:89-94. [PMID: 14679980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
The study was based on an aqueous extract derived from a 60 degrees ethanolic tincture containing 0.032 g of dry matter per ml. The leaves of Guiera senegalensis Lam (Combretaceae) were collected in December 1991 at Nguekhokh a village within 20 km from Mbour (Senegal). The extract was administered for six months through daily forced-feeling at 2 g/kg to Wistar male and female rats whose weight at the beginning of the experiment tanged between 140 g and 180 g. The urine was analysed during the study and the animals were weighed every four weeks. At the end of the experiment, the animals were slaughtered and various analyses carried out. Haematological features in relation with erythropoiesis, haemoglobinogenesis and leucopoiesis, were studied in relation with renal and hepatic functions; biochemical features too. Some organs (heart, lungs, kidneys, brain, cerebellum, spleen and liver) were removed and examined in order to detect possible lesions following the experiment. Judging by the results, Guiera senegalensis Lam (Combretaceae), as used in the experiment, did not show any significant toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Diouf
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique et Toxicologie Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie/UCAD, Dakar
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sow AI, Koyalta D, Boye CS, Diedhiou/Badiane D, Bassene E. [Antibacterial activity of essential oils from mint in Senegal]. Dakar Med 1999; 40:193-5. [PMID: 10602687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Three species of the Mentha gender are found in Senegal under the name of "Nana", and are essentially used in tea and juices as flavour. The aerial parts of the three species (common mint, mentholated mint and "fass" mint) have been harvested two months after they have been sown and the extraction of the essential oils was done by carrying them away with water vapour by hydrodistillation. The essential oils were used to study the antibacterial potency (typing of the Minimal Inhibitory concentrations-MIC) by the agar dilution method. This survey has been carried out on ten bacterial strains among which three (3) ATCC reference stubs, and on one fungus (Candida albicans). The MIC found was less than 25 mcg/ml; these results show an antibacterial potency according to the NCCLS norms (MIC < 256 mcg/ml). The tested strains were more sensitive to the essential oil of the "common mint" than the "fass mint". Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most resistant strain and Candida albicans the most sensitive agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A I Sow
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Virologie, CHU de Dakar
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yam AA, Gaye F, Dieme FA, Bassene E, Ba I. [Application of phytotherapy in odontology: the case of Euphorbia balsamifera. Endodontic clinical trial]. Dakar Med 1998; 42:169-71. [PMID: 9827145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Phytotherapy is a medicinal and ancestral practice in Africa. It deals with all the fields of human pathology. We wanted to ascertain the efficacy of some plants used in odontology as Euphorbia balsamifera traditionally used as antalgic treatment of acute dental pulpitis. The latex of the plant was caught and treated as to get enough stable paste. We used that paste in the same conditions we use arsenical nerve caustics, a pulpal devitalizer widely used in dental offices. The study carried out on 37 teeth has shown that latex of Euphorbia balsamifera is an effective pulpal devitalizing in contact with the pulp. Its lifetime action was comparable to that of the pulpal nerve caustics. The active principles are not known, however the product seems attractive as a pulpal devitalizing agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A A Yam
- Institut d'Odontologie-Stomatologie, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Assane M, Baba Moussa R, Bassene E, Sere A. [Antihypertensive action of Parkia biglobosa+ (Jacq) Benth seeds in the rat]. Dakar Med 1993; 38:49-54. [PMID: 7882849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Hundred white Wistar rats have been used to evaluate the antihypertensive effects of entire seeds and decorticated, fermented seeds of a soudanian plant, Parkia biglobosa. The arterial blood pressure was measured by using bloody method in anesthizied animals. The Pham Huu Chanh method was used to determine type plant's antihypertensive activity. According to the results obtained, in both preparations, adequate doses decrease arterial blood pressure, diastolic more than systolic, but the effect of fermented seeds was more important than the entire seeds. In the two cases, the decrease in blood pressure is greated in hypertensive than in normotensive subjects, and the hypotension induced was well correlated with a bradycardia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Assane
- Département de Physiologie, Pharmacodynamie et Thérapeutique de l'E.I.S.MV, Sénégal
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
|