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Xie E, Chung RD, Castro M, Aung AK. The Anesthesia Workforce Crisis Revisited: An Australian Perspective. Anesth Analg 2023; 137:e30-e31. [PMID: 37590814 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000006613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Xie
- Department of Anaesthesia, NSW Health Central Coast Local Health District, Gosford, New South Wales, Australia,
| | - Ru Dee Chung
- Department of Anaesthesia, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michelle Castro
- Department of Anaesthesia, NSW Health Central Coast Local Health District, Gosford, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ar Kar Aung
- Department of General Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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2
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Zghaib T, Quinaglia A. C. Silva T, Ambale-Venkatesh B, Xie E, Ostovaneh MR, Habibi M, Bluemke DA, Soliman EZ, Wu CO, Heckbert SR, Nazarian S, Lima JAC. Association between Left Atrial Late Gadolinium Enhancement and Atrial Fibrillation: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging 2023; 5:e220047. [PMID: 37693199 PMCID: PMC10483245 DOI: 10.1148/ryct.220047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To determine the prevalence and correlates of left atrial (LA) late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) at cardiac MRI and its association with atrial fibrillation (AF) in a population-based sample from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Materials and Methods In this secondary post hoc analysis of the MESA cohort (ClinicalTrials.gov no. NCT00005487), participants without AF underwent LGE cardiac MRI at the fifth examination (2010-2012). LA LGE burden was quantified using the image intensity ratio technique on biplane long-axis two-dimensional (2D) LGE images without fat saturation. Survival analysis was performed with log-rank testing and Cox regression. Results Of 1697 participants (mean age, 67 years ± 9 [SD]; 872 men), 1035 (61%) had LA LGE, and 75 (4.4%) developed AF during follow-up (median, 3.95 years). At univariable analysis, LA LGE was associated with age (β = .010 [95% CI: .005, .015], P < .001), diastolic blood pressure (β = .005 [95% CI: .001, .009], P = .02), HbA1c level (β = .06 [95% CI: .02, .11], P = .009), heart failure (β = .60 [95% CI: .11, 1.08], P = .02), LA volume (β = .008 [95% CI: .004, .012], P < .001), and LA function (emptying fraction, LA global longitudinal strain, LA early diastolic peak longitudinal strain rate, and LA late diastolic peak strain rate; all P < .05). After adjusting for the variables in the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) AF score, LA LGE independently helped predict incident AF (hazard ratio = 1.46 [95% CI: 1.13, 1.88], P = .003). The highest tertile (LGE > 2%) was twice as likely to develop AF. Conclusion Although limited by the 2D LGE technique employed, LA LGE was associated with adverse atrial remodeling and helped predict AF in a multiethnic population-based sample.Clinical trial registration no. NCT00005487Keywords: MR Imaging, Cardiac, Epidemiology Supplemental material is available for this article. © RSNA, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Zghaib
- From the Departments of Medicine (T.Z., E.X.) and Cardiology (T.Z.,
T.Q.A.C.S., M.R.O., M.H., J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of
Medicine, 600 N Wolfe St, Blalock 524, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of
Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md
(B.A.V.); Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine
and Public Health, Madison, Wis (D.A.B.); Department of Epidemiology and
Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC (E.Z.S.); National
Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
(C.O.W.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash
(S.R.H.); and Division of Cardiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School
of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.N.)
| | - Thiago Quinaglia A. C. Silva
- From the Departments of Medicine (T.Z., E.X.) and Cardiology (T.Z.,
T.Q.A.C.S., M.R.O., M.H., J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of
Medicine, 600 N Wolfe St, Blalock 524, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of
Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md
(B.A.V.); Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine
and Public Health, Madison, Wis (D.A.B.); Department of Epidemiology and
Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC (E.Z.S.); National
Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
(C.O.W.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash
(S.R.H.); and Division of Cardiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School
of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.N.)
| | - Bharath Ambale-Venkatesh
- From the Departments of Medicine (T.Z., E.X.) and Cardiology (T.Z.,
T.Q.A.C.S., M.R.O., M.H., J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of
Medicine, 600 N Wolfe St, Blalock 524, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of
Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md
(B.A.V.); Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine
and Public Health, Madison, Wis (D.A.B.); Department of Epidemiology and
Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC (E.Z.S.); National
Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
(C.O.W.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash
(S.R.H.); and Division of Cardiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School
of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.N.)
| | - Eric Xie
- From the Departments of Medicine (T.Z., E.X.) and Cardiology (T.Z.,
T.Q.A.C.S., M.R.O., M.H., J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of
Medicine, 600 N Wolfe St, Blalock 524, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of
Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md
(B.A.V.); Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine
and Public Health, Madison, Wis (D.A.B.); Department of Epidemiology and
Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC (E.Z.S.); National
Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
(C.O.W.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash
(S.R.H.); and Division of Cardiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School
of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.N.)
| | - Mohammad R. Ostovaneh
- From the Departments of Medicine (T.Z., E.X.) and Cardiology (T.Z.,
T.Q.A.C.S., M.R.O., M.H., J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of
Medicine, 600 N Wolfe St, Blalock 524, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of
Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md
(B.A.V.); Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine
and Public Health, Madison, Wis (D.A.B.); Department of Epidemiology and
Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC (E.Z.S.); National
Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
(C.O.W.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash
(S.R.H.); and Division of Cardiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School
of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.N.)
| | - Mohammadali Habibi
- From the Departments of Medicine (T.Z., E.X.) and Cardiology (T.Z.,
T.Q.A.C.S., M.R.O., M.H., J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of
Medicine, 600 N Wolfe St, Blalock 524, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of
Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md
(B.A.V.); Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine
and Public Health, Madison, Wis (D.A.B.); Department of Epidemiology and
Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC (E.Z.S.); National
Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
(C.O.W.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash
(S.R.H.); and Division of Cardiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School
of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.N.)
| | - David A. Bluemke
- From the Departments of Medicine (T.Z., E.X.) and Cardiology (T.Z.,
T.Q.A.C.S., M.R.O., M.H., J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of
Medicine, 600 N Wolfe St, Blalock 524, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of
Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md
(B.A.V.); Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine
and Public Health, Madison, Wis (D.A.B.); Department of Epidemiology and
Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC (E.Z.S.); National
Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
(C.O.W.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash
(S.R.H.); and Division of Cardiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School
of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.N.)
| | - Elsayed Z. Soliman
- From the Departments of Medicine (T.Z., E.X.) and Cardiology (T.Z.,
T.Q.A.C.S., M.R.O., M.H., J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of
Medicine, 600 N Wolfe St, Blalock 524, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of
Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md
(B.A.V.); Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine
and Public Health, Madison, Wis (D.A.B.); Department of Epidemiology and
Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC (E.Z.S.); National
Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
(C.O.W.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash
(S.R.H.); and Division of Cardiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School
of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.N.)
| | - Colin O. Wu
- From the Departments of Medicine (T.Z., E.X.) and Cardiology (T.Z.,
T.Q.A.C.S., M.R.O., M.H., J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of
Medicine, 600 N Wolfe St, Blalock 524, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of
Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md
(B.A.V.); Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine
and Public Health, Madison, Wis (D.A.B.); Department of Epidemiology and
Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC (E.Z.S.); National
Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
(C.O.W.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash
(S.R.H.); and Division of Cardiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School
of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.N.)
| | - Susan R. Heckbert
- From the Departments of Medicine (T.Z., E.X.) and Cardiology (T.Z.,
T.Q.A.C.S., M.R.O., M.H., J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of
Medicine, 600 N Wolfe St, Blalock 524, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of
Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md
(B.A.V.); Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine
and Public Health, Madison, Wis (D.A.B.); Department of Epidemiology and
Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC (E.Z.S.); National
Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
(C.O.W.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash
(S.R.H.); and Division of Cardiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School
of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.N.)
| | - Saman Nazarian
- From the Departments of Medicine (T.Z., E.X.) and Cardiology (T.Z.,
T.Q.A.C.S., M.R.O., M.H., J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of
Medicine, 600 N Wolfe St, Blalock 524, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of
Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md
(B.A.V.); Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine
and Public Health, Madison, Wis (D.A.B.); Department of Epidemiology and
Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC (E.Z.S.); National
Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
(C.O.W.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash
(S.R.H.); and Division of Cardiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School
of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.N.)
| | - João A. C. Lima
- From the Departments of Medicine (T.Z., E.X.) and Cardiology (T.Z.,
T.Q.A.C.S., M.R.O., M.H., J.A.C.L.), Johns Hopkins University School of
Medicine, 600 N Wolfe St, Blalock 524, Baltimore, MD 21287; Department of
Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md
(B.A.V.); Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine
and Public Health, Madison, Wis (D.A.B.); Department of Epidemiology and
Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC (E.Z.S.); National
Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
(C.O.W.); Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash
(S.R.H.); and Division of Cardiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School
of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (S.N.)
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3
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Angelopoulos V, Zhang XJ, Artemyev AV, Mourenas D, Tsai E, Wilkins C, Runov A, Liu J, Turner DL, Li W, Khurana K, Wirz RE, Sergeev VA, Meng X, Wu J, Hartinger MD, Raita T, Shen Y, An X, Shi X, Bashir MF, Shen X, Gan L, Qin M, Capannolo L, Ma Q, Russell CL, Masongsong EV, Caron R, He I, Iglesias L, Jha S, King J, Kumar S, Le K, Mao J, McDermott A, Nguyen K, Norris A, Palla A, Roosnovo A, Tam J, Xie E, Yap RC, Ye S, Young C, Adair LA, Shaffer C, Chung M, Cruce P, Lawson M, Leneman D, Allen M, Anderson M, Arreola-Zamora M, Artinger J, Asher J, Branchevsky D, Cliffe M, Colton K, Costello C, Depe D, Domae BW, Eldin S, Fitzgibbon L, Flemming A, Frederick DM, Gilbert A, Hesford B, Krieger R, Lian K, McKinney E, Miller JP, Pedersen C, Qu Z, Rozario R, Rubly M, Seaton R, Subramanian A, Sundin SR, Tan A, Thomlinson D, Turner W, Wing G, Wong C, Zarifian A. Energetic Electron Precipitation Driven by Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron Waves from ELFIN's Low Altitude Perspective. Space Sci Rev 2023; 219:37. [PMID: 37448777 PMCID: PMC10335998 DOI: 10.1007/s11214-023-00984-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
We review comprehensive observations of electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) wave-driven energetic electron precipitation using data collected by the energetic electron detector on the Electron Losses and Fields InvestigatioN (ELFIN) mission, two polar-orbiting low-altitude spinning CubeSats, measuring 50-5000 keV electrons with good pitch-angle and energy resolution. EMIC wave-driven precipitation exhibits a distinct signature in energy-spectrograms of the precipitating-to-trapped flux ratio: peaks at >0.5 MeV which are abrupt (bursty) (lasting ∼17 s, or Δ L ∼ 0.56 ) with significant substructure (occasionally down to sub-second timescale). We attribute the bursty nature of the precipitation to the spatial extent and structuredness of the wave field at the equator. Multiple ELFIN passes over the same MLT sector allow us to study the spatial and temporal evolution of the EMIC wave - electron interaction region. Case studies employing conjugate ground-based or equatorial observations of the EMIC waves reveal that the energy of moderate and strong precipitation at ELFIN approximately agrees with theoretical expectations for cyclotron resonant interactions in a cold plasma. Using multiple years of ELFIN data uniformly distributed in local time, we assemble a statistical database of ∼50 events of strong EMIC wave-driven precipitation. Most reside at L ∼ 5 - 7 at dusk, while a smaller subset exists at L ∼ 8 - 12 at post-midnight. The energies of the peak-precipitation ratio and of the half-peak precipitation ratio (our proxy for the minimum resonance energy) exhibit an L -shell dependence in good agreement with theoretical estimates based on prior statistical observations of EMIC wave power spectra. The precipitation ratio's spectral shape for the most intense events has an exponential falloff away from the peak (i.e., on either side of ∼ 1.45 MeV). It too agrees well with quasi-linear diffusion theory based on prior statistics of wave spectra. It should be noted though that this diffusive treatment likely includes effects from nonlinear resonant interactions (especially at high energies) and nonresonant effects from sharp wave packet edges (at low energies). Sub-MeV electron precipitation observed concurrently with strong EMIC wave-driven >1 MeV precipitation has a spectral shape that is consistent with efficient pitch-angle scattering down to ∼ 200-300 keV by much less intense higher frequency EMIC waves at dusk (where such waves are most frequent). At ∼100 keV, whistler-mode chorus may be implicated in concurrent precipitation. These results confirm the critical role of EMIC waves in driving relativistic electron losses. Nonlinear effects may abound and require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Angelopoulos
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - X.-J. Zhang
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080 USA
| | - A. V. Artemyev
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | | | - E. Tsai
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - C. Wilkins
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - A. Runov
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - J. Liu
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Departments, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - D. L. Turner
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, Maryland USA
| | - W. Li
- Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Departments, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - K. Khurana
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - R. E. Wirz
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: School of Mechanical, Industrial, and Manufacturing Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
| | - V. A. Sergeev
- University of St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - X. Meng
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
| | - J. Wu
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - M. D. Hartinger
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Space Science Institute, Boulder, CO 80301 USA
| | - T. Raita
- Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory, University of Oulu, Sodankylä, Finland
| | - Y. Shen
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - X. An
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - X. Shi
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - M. F. Bashir
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - X. Shen
- Department of Astronomy and Center for Space Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA USA
| | - L. Gan
- Department of Astronomy and Center for Space Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA USA
| | - M. Qin
- Department of Astronomy and Center for Space Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA USA
| | - L. Capannolo
- Department of Astronomy and Center for Space Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA USA
| | - Q. Ma
- Department of Astronomy and Center for Space Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA USA
| | - C. L. Russell
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - E. V. Masongsong
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - R. Caron
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - I. He
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - L. Iglesias
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Deloitte Consulting, New York, NY 10112 USA
| | - S. Jha
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Microsoft, Redmond, WA 98052 USA
| | - J. King
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - S. Kumar
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - K. Le
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - J. Mao
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Raybeam, Inc., Mountain View, CA 94041 USA
| | - A. McDermott
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - K. Nguyen
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: SpaceX, Hawthorne, CA 90250 USA
| | - A. Norris
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - A. Palla
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Reliable Robotics Corporation, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA
| | - A. Roosnovo
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA
| | - J. Tam
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - E. Xie
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Deloitte Consulting, New York, NY 10112 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - R. C. Yap
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mathematics Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Planet Labs, PBC, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA
| | - S. Ye
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - C. Young
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Microsoft, Redmond, WA 98052 USA
| | - L. A. Adair
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: KSAT, Inc., Denver, CO 80231 USA
| | - C. Shaffer
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Tyvak Nano-Satellite Systems, Inc., Irvine, CA 92618 USA
| | - M. Chung
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA
| | - P. Cruce
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Apple, Cupertino, CA 95014 USA
| | - M. Lawson
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - D. Leneman
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - M. Allen
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Zipline International, South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - M. Anderson
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mathematics Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Lucid Motors, Newark, CA 94560 USA
| | - M. Arreola-Zamora
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA
| | - J. Artinger
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: College of Engineering and Computer Science, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831 USA
| | - J. Asher
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: The Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
| | - D. Branchevsky
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: The Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - M. Cliffe
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: SpaceX, Hawthorne, CA 90250 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - K. Colton
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mathematics Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Planet Labs, PBC, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA
| | - C. Costello
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Heliogen, Pasadena, CA 91103 USA
| | - D. Depe
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Argo AI, LLC, Pittsburgh, PA 15222 USA
| | - B. W. Domae
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - S. Eldin
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Microsoft, Redmond, WA 98052 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - L. Fitzgibbon
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Terran Orbital, Irvine, CA 92618 USA
| | - A. Flemming
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA
| | - D. M. Frederick
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Millenium Space Systems, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
| | - A. Gilbert
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - B. Hesford
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - R. Krieger
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Mercedes-Benz Research and Development North America, Long Beach, CA 90810 USA
| | - K. Lian
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: The Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
| | - E. McKinney
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Geosyntec Consultants, Inc., Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA
| | - J. P. Miller
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Juniper Networks Sunnyvale, California, 94089 USA
| | - C. Pedersen
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Z. Qu
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Niantic Inc., San Francisco, CA 94111 USA
| | - R. Rozario
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: SpaceX, Hawthorne, CA 90250 USA
| | - M. Rubly
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Teledyne Scientific and Imaging, Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 USA
| | - R. Seaton
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - A. Subramanian
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - S. R. Sundin
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Naval Surface Warfare Center Corona Division, Norco, CA 92860 USA
| | - A. Tan
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Epirus Inc., Torrance, CA 90501 USA
| | - D. Thomlinson
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: The Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
| | - W. Turner
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - G. Wing
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Amazon, Seattle, WA 98109 USA
| | - C. Wong
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - A. Zarifian
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
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4
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Xie E, Pellegrini M, Chen Z, Jolliffe L, Crotty M, Ratcliffe J, Morarty J, O'Brien T, Lannin NA. The influence of substance use on traumatic brain injury recovery and rehabilitation outcomes: The Outcome-ABI Study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2023:S0003-9993(23)00184-3. [PMID: 37024005 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2023.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study characterised substance-use (alcohol, illicit drugs, amphetamine) in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients receiving rehabilitation to determine potential benefit of rehabilitation and whether substance-use influenced outcomes in moderate-severe TBI. DESIGN Prospective, longitudinal study of adults with moderate or severe TBI receiving inpatient rehabilitation. SETTING Specialist acquired brain injury rehabilitation centre in Melbourne, Australia. PARTICIPANTS 153 consecutive TBI inpatients admitted between January 2016-December 2017 (24-months). INTERVENTIONS All TBI inpatients (n=153) received specialist brain injury rehabilitation in accordance with evidence-based guideline care at one, 42-bed rehabilitation centre. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Data were collected at time of TBI, upon rehabilitation admission and discharge and 12-months post-TBI. Recovery was measured by post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) length-days and change in Glasgow coma scale (admission-discharge). Functional independence was measured on the Functional Independence Measure, Functional Assessment Measure and Mayo Portland Adaptability Index (MPAI). Quality of life (QOL) was measured on the EuroQOL-5D-5L (EQ-5D-5L) and quality of life after brain injury (QOLIBRI) instruments. RESULTS Inpatients with history of illicit drug-use (n=54) reported lower QOL and adjustment at 12-months post-TBI compared to those with no-history (QOLIBRI social relationships: Ratio of Means (RoM)=0.808, p=0.028; MPAI-adjustment: IRR=1.273, p=0.032). Amphetamine-use at time of injury (n=10) was associated with quicker recovery (PTA length-days: IRR=0.173, p<0.01), however lower QOL at 12-months post-TBI was noted in those with a history of amphetamine-use (n=34) compared to those without (QOLIBRI bothered feelings: RoM=0.489, p=0.036). CONCLUSION All participants made improvements with rehabilitation post-TBI, however a history of substance-use was associated with lower reported 12-month QOL. Findings add insight to the associations between substance-use and acute recovery, potentially suggestive of a short-term recovery-promoting effect of amphetamine but highlighting the importance of rehabilitation to address long-term sequalae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Xie
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, 55 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004
| | - Michael Pellegrini
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Science, Monash University, The Alfred Centre, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004
| | - Zhibin Chen
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Science, Monash University, The Alfred Centre, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004
| | - Laura Jolliffe
- Frankston Hospital, Peninsula Health, 2 Hastings Rd, Frankston, VIC, 3199; Peninsula Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Science, Monash University, Frankston, VIC, 3199; Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Science, Monash University, Frankston, VIC, 3199
| | - Maria Crotty
- Department of Rehabilitation and Aged Care, Repatriation General Hospital, Flinders University, Daw Park, SA, 5041
| | - Julie Ratcliffe
- Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, 5042
| | - Jacqui Morarty
- Rehabilitation Services, Alfred Health, 55 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004
| | - Terence O'Brien
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, 55 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004; Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Science, Monash University, The Alfred Centre, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004; Department of Medicine and Neurology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne Health, 300 Grattan St, Parkville, VIC, 3050
| | - Natasha A Lannin
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine Nursing and Health Science, Monash University, The Alfred Centre, 99 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004; Rehabilitation Services, Alfred Health, 55 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004.
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5
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Mei WJ, Wang XZ, Li YF, Sun YM, Yang CK, Lin JZ, Wu ZG, Zhang R, Wang W, Li Y, Zhuang YZ, Lei J, Wan XB, Ren YK, Cheng Y, Li WL, Wang ZQ, Xu DB, Mo XW, Ju HX, Ye SW, Zhao JL, Zhang H, Gao YH, Zeng ZF, Xiao WW, Zhang XP, Zhang X, Xie E, Feng YF, Tang JH, Wu XJ, Chen G, Li LR, Lu ZH, Wan DS, Bei JX, Pan ZZ, Ding PR. Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy With CAPOX Versus Chemoradiation for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer With Uninvolved Mesorectal Fascia (CONVERT): Initial Results of a Phase III Trial. Ann Surg 2023; 277:557-564. [PMID: 36538627 PMCID: PMC9994847 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000005780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) with CAPOX alone versus neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) with capecitabine in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) with uninvolved mesorectal fascia (MRF). BACKGROUND DATA nCRT is associated with higher surgical complications, worse long-term functional outcomes, and questionable survival benefits. Comparatively, nCT alone seems a promising alternative treatment in lower-risk LARC patients with uninvolved MRF. METHODS Patients between June 2014 and October 2020 with LARC within 12 cm from the anal verge and uninvolved MRF were randomly assigned to nCT group with 4 cycles of CAPOX (Oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2 IV day 1 and Capecitabine 1000 mg/m2 twice daily for 14 d. Repeat every 3 wk) or nCRT group with Capecitabine 825 mg/m² twice daily administered orally and concurrently with radiation therapy (50 Gy/25 fractions) for 5 days per week. The primary end point is local-regional recurrence-free survival. Here we reported the results of secondary end points: histopathologic response, surgical events, and toxicity. RESULTS Of the 663 initially enrolled patients, 589 received the allocated treatment (nCT, n=300; nCRT, n=289). Pathologic complete response rate was 11.0% (95% CI, 7.8-15.3%) in the nCT arm and 13.8% (95% CI, 10.1-18.5%) in the nCRT arm ( P =0.33). The downstaging (ypStage 0 to 1) rate was 40.8% (95% CI, 35.1-46.7%) in the nCT arm and 45.6% (95% CI, 39.7-51.7%) in the nCRT arm ( P =0.27). nCT was associated with lower perioperative distant metastases rate (0.7% vs. 3.1%, P =0.03) and preventive ileostomy rate (52.2% vs. 63.6%, P =0.008) compared with nCRT. Four patients in the nCT arm received salvage nCRT because of local disease progression after nCT. Two patients in the nCT arm and 5 in the nCRT arm achieved complete clinical response and were treated with a nonsurgical approach. Similar results were observed in subgroup analysis. CONCLUSIONS nCT achieved similar pCR and downstaging rates with lower incidence of perioperative distant metastasis and preventive ileostomy compared with nCRT. CAPOX could be an effective alternative to neoadjuvant therapy in LARC with uninvolved MRF. Long-term follow-up is needed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yun-Feng Li
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Yunnan Cancer Hospital
| | - Yue-Ming Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing
| | | | | | - Zu-Guang Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou
| | - Rui Zhang
- Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute
| | - Wei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Yong Li
- Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou
| | | | - Jian Lei
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Xiang-Bin Wan
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou
| | - Ying-Kun Ren
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Provincial Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou
| | - Yong Cheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Liang Li
- First Affiliated hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming
| | | | | | - Xian-Wei Mo
- Guangxi Medical University Cancer Center, Nanning
| | - Hai-Xing Ju
- Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou
| | | | - Jing-Lin Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Jiangmen
| | - Hong Zhang
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang
| | | | | | | | | | - Xuan Zhang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Yunnan Cancer Hospital
| | - E Xie
- Shantou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shantou
| | - Yi-Fei Feng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jin-Xin Bei
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou Guangdong
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Varghese B, Zghaib T, Xie E, Zimmerman SL, Gilotra NA, Okada DR, Lima JA, Chrispin J. Right ventricular longitudinal strain on CMR predicts ventricular arrhythmias and mortality in cardiac sarcoidosis. Am Heart J Plus 2022; 22:100209. [PMID: 38558901 PMCID: PMC10978400 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahjo.2022.100209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Background Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) are associated with ventricular arrhythmias (VA) and mortality in cardiac sarcoidosis (CS). However, image resolution limits the detection of RV LGE. Global longitudinal RV strain (RVS) correlates to RV scar on electroanatomical mapping and RV function. Objective We evaluated the association between RVS on CMR and VA/death (combined-primary-endpoint (CPE)) in patients with CS. Methods RVS and RV LGE on MRI were retrospectively compared to variables known to predict outcomes in 66 patients with CS. Outcomes were obtained from electronic medical records and implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) interrogations over median [IQR] 3.7[1.7, 6.3] years. Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate survival. Harrell's C-statistic was used to compare variables in risk prediction models. Results 62.1 % of patients were male, with a mean age [SD] of 52.3 [9.6] years and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 51.1[17.5]%. 9 patients with the primary endpoint were more likely to be Caucasian (p = 0.01) with prior VAs (p = 0.002), be on anti-arrhythmic drugs (p = 0.001) with an ICD (p = 0.002). In multivariable analyses adjusted for age, race, and history of VA, RVS (1.18 [1.05-1.31], p = 0.004), RV EDVI (1.08[1.01, 1.14], p = 0.02), and LV LGE (1.07[1.00, 1.13], p = 0.04) predicted the CPE. Risk prediction models including RVS (Cstatistic 0.94), outperformed those including RV and LV LGE (0.89-0.92). Conclusion RVS on CMR was the best predictor of VA and mortality in CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibin Varghese
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Tarek Zghaib
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Eric Xie
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Stefan L. Zimmerman
- Division of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nisha A. Gilotra
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - David R. Okada
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Joao A.C. Lima
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jonathan Chrispin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Xie E, Sung E, Saad E, Trayanova N, Wu KC, Chrispin J. Advanced imaging for risk stratification for ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:884767. [PMID: 36072882 PMCID: PMC9441865 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.884767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a leading cause of mortality, comprising approximately half of all deaths from cardiovascular disease. In the US, the majority of SCD (85%) occurs in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) and a subset in patients with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM), who tend to be younger and whose risk of mortality is less clearly delineated than in ischemic cardiomyopathies. The conventional means of SCD risk stratification has been the determination of the ejection fraction (EF), typically via echocardiography, which is currently a means of determining candidacy for primary prevention in the form of implantable cardiac defibrillators (ICDs). Advanced cardiac imaging methods such as cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET), and computed tomography (CT) have emerged as promising and non-invasive means of risk stratification for sudden death through their characterization of the underlying myocardial substrate that predisposes to SCD. Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on CMR detects myocardial scar, which can inform ICD decision-making. Overall scar burden, region-specific scar burden, and scar heterogeneity have all been studied in risk stratification. PET and SPECT are nuclear methods that determine myocardial viability and innervation, as well as inflammation. CT can be used for assessment of myocardial fat and its association with reentrant circuits. Emerging methodologies include the development of "virtual hearts" using complex electrophysiologic modeling derived from CMR to attempt to predict arrhythmic susceptibility. Recent developments have paired novel machine learning (ML) algorithms with established imaging techniques to improve predictive performance. The use of advanced imaging to augment risk stratification for sudden death is increasingly well-established and may soon have an expanded role in clinical decision-making. ML could help shift this paradigm further by advancing variable discovery and data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Xie
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Eric Sung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Elie Saad
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Natalia Trayanova
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Katherine C. Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jonathan Chrispin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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8
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Xie E, Wu C, Ostovaneh M, Post WS, Kutty S, Soliman EZ, Bluemke DA, Heckbert SR, Lima J, Ambale-Venkatesh B. Intermediate Markers Underlying Electrocardiographic Predictors of Incident Atrial Fibrillation: The MESA. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2021; 14:e009805. [PMID: 34844442 DOI: 10.1161/circep.121.009805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Xie
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine (E.X., M.O., W.S.P., S.K., J.L.), Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore
| | - Colin Wu
- Office of Biostatistics Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (C.W.)
| | - Mohammad Ostovaneh
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine (E.X., M.O., W.S.P., S.K., J.L.), Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore
| | - Wendy S Post
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine (E.X., M.O., W.S.P., S.K., J.L.), Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore
| | - Shelby Kutty
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine (E.X., M.O., W.S.P., S.K., J.L.), Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore
| | - Elsayed Z Soliman
- Epidemiological Cardiology Research Center, Department of Epidemiology and Prevention (E.Z.S.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.,Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiology (E.Z.S.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - David A Bluemke
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (D.A.B.)
| | - Susan R Heckbert
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle (S.R.H.)
| | - Joao Lima
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine (E.X., M.O., W.S.P., S.K., J.L.), Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore
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9
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Aronis KN, Okada DR, Xie E, Daimee UA, Prakosa A, Gilotra NA, Wu KC, Trayanova N, Chrispin J. Spatial dispersion analysis of LGE-CMR for prediction of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2021; 44:2067-2074. [PMID: 34766627 DOI: 10.1111/pace.14406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) are at increased risk of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias (VA). Current approaches to risk stratification have limited predictive value. OBJECTIVES To assess the utility of spatial dispersion analysis of late gadolinium enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance (LGE-CMR), as a quantitative measure of myocardial tissue heterogeneity, in risk stratifying patients with CS for VA and death. METHODS Sixty two patients with CS underwent LGE-CMR. LGE images were segmented and dispersion maps of the left and right ventricles were generated as follows. Based on signal intensity (SI), each pixel was categorized as abnormal (SI ≥3SD above the mean), intermediate (SI 1-3 SD above the mean) or normal (SI <1SD above the mean); and each pixel was then assigned a value of 0 to 8 based on the number of adjacent pixels of a different category. Average dispersion score was calculated for each patient. The primary endpoint was VA during follow up. The composite of VA or death was assessed as a secondary endpoint. RESULTS During 4.7 ± 3.5 years of follow up, six patients had VA, and five without documented VA died. Average dispersion score was significantly higher in patients with VA versus those without (0.87 ± 0.08 vs. 0.71 ± 0.16; p = .002) and in patients with events versus those without (0.83 ± 0.08 vs. 0.70 ± 0.16; p = .003). Patients at higher tertiles of dispersion score had a higher incidence of VA (p = .03) and the composite of VA or death (p = .01). CONCLUSIONS Increased substrate heterogeneity, quantified by spatial dispersion analysis of LGE-CMR, may be helpful in risk-stratifying patients with CS for adverse events, including life-threatening arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos N Aronis
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Alliance for Cardiovascular Diagnostic and Treatment Innovation, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - David R Okada
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Eric Xie
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Usama A Daimee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Adityo Prakosa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Alliance for Cardiovascular Diagnostic and Treatment Innovation, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Nisha A Gilotra
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Katherine C Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Natalia Trayanova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Alliance for Cardiovascular Diagnostic and Treatment Innovation, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jonathan Chrispin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Alliance for Cardiovascular Diagnostic and Treatment Innovation, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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10
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Varghese B, Zghaib T, Xie E, Okada DR, Chrispin J. B-PO05-118 RIGHT VENTRICULAR LONGITUDINAL STRAIN ON CMR PREDICTS VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIC AND MORTALITY IN CARDIAC SARCOIDOSIS. Heart Rhythm 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2021.06.1037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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11
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Aronis KN, Okada DR, Xie E, Daimee UA, Prakosa A, Gilotra NA, Wu KC, Trayanova NA, Chrispin J. B-PO02-177 INCREASED SUBSTRATE HETEROGENEITY ASSESSED BY LGE-CMR IS ASSOCIATED WITH VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS AND MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIAC SARCOIDOSIS. Heart Rhythm 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2021.06.430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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12
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Pezel T, Venkatesh BA, De Vasconcellos HD, Kato Y, Shabani M, Xie E, Heckbert SR, Post WS, Shea SJ, Allen NB, Watson KE, Wu CO, Bluemke DA, Lima JAC. Left Atrioventricular Coupling Index as a Prognostic Marker of Cardiovascular Events: The MESA Study. Hypertension 2021; 78:661-671. [PMID: 34225471 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.17339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Theo Pezel
- From the Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD (T.P., B.A.V., H.D.D.V., Y.K., M.S., E.X., W.S.P., C.O.W., J.A.C.L.).,Department of Cardiology, Lariboisiere Hospital - APHP, Inserm UMRS 942, University of Paris, France (T.P.)
| | - Bharath Ambale Venkatesh
- From the Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD (T.P., B.A.V., H.D.D.V., Y.K., M.S., E.X., W.S.P., C.O.W., J.A.C.L.)
| | - Henrique Doria De Vasconcellos
- From the Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD (T.P., B.A.V., H.D.D.V., Y.K., M.S., E.X., W.S.P., C.O.W., J.A.C.L.)
| | - Yoko Kato
- From the Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD (T.P., B.A.V., H.D.D.V., Y.K., M.S., E.X., W.S.P., C.O.W., J.A.C.L.)
| | - Mahsima Shabani
- From the Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD (T.P., B.A.V., H.D.D.V., Y.K., M.S., E.X., W.S.P., C.O.W., J.A.C.L.)
| | - Eric Xie
- From the Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD (T.P., B.A.V., H.D.D.V., Y.K., M.S., E.X., W.S.P., C.O.W., J.A.C.L.)
| | - Susan R Heckbert
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle (S.R.H.)
| | - Wendy S Post
- From the Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD (T.P., B.A.V., H.D.D.V., Y.K., M.S., E.X., W.S.P., C.O.W., J.A.C.L.)
| | - Steven J Shea
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NY (S.J.S.)
| | - Norrina B Allen
- Preventive Medicine (Epidemiology), Institute for Public Health and Medicine (IPHAM) - Center for Epidemiology and Population Health, Chicago (N.B.A.)
| | - Karol E Watson
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles (K.E.W.)
| | - Colin O Wu
- From the Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD (T.P., B.A.V., H.D.D.V., Y.K., M.S., E.X., W.S.P., C.O.W., J.A.C.L.)
| | - David A Bluemke
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison (D.A.B.)
| | - João A C Lima
- From the Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD (T.P., B.A.V., H.D.D.V., Y.K., M.S., E.X., W.S.P., C.O.W., J.A.C.L.)
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13
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Mao J, Xie E, Chamera E, Lima JAC, Chrispin J. Cardiac MRI structural and functional predictors of left ventricular ejection fraction recovery following PVC catheter ablation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8265. [PMID: 33859295 PMCID: PMC8050195 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87754-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Frequent premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) can induce cardiomyopathy (PVC CM). We sought to use cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) to quantify changes in cardiac structure and function of cardiomyopathy patients following catheter ablation for PVCs. Patients undergoing PVC ablation at the Johns Hopkins Hospital with pre-procedural CMR from 2010 to 2018 were included in this study. CMR Images were analyzed to collect information on cardiac structure and function as well as to quantify scar. Of the total 51 included patients, PVC CM (LVEF < 45%) was observed in 51% (n = 29). Of these, 19 had post-ablation ejection fractions quantified, with 78.9% (n = 15) recovering function. Global longitudinal strain was significantly correlated with LVEF (OR 1.831, p < 0.01) but did not predict recovery of function. RV origin of PVCs was more common in the preserved LVEF group but was also significantly correlated with persistently reduced EF post-ablation in the PVC CM group. Scar burden was not correlated with either cardiac function or post-ablation recovery of function. In this cohort, there were no significant CMR findings to predict subsequent recovery of EF after ablation among those with PVC CM. PVC origin in the RV was associated with persistently reduced LVEF after ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Mao
- Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Eric Xie
- Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ela Chamera
- Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joao A C Lima
- Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jonathan Chrispin
- Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
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14
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Xie E, Lapinski MM, Talamantes S, Nonyane BAS, Magalhães MCF, Visvanathan K, Wolff AC, Santa-Maria CA. Relationship of circulating immune cells with lifestyle factors and cancer recurrence in early-stage breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2020; 186:561-568. [PMID: 33185832 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-06016-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the relationship of circulating immune cells with recurrence and metabolic/lifestyle factors in patients with early-stage breast cancer. METHODS Patients with early-stage breast cancer were identified from the electronic record and institutional registry. Lymphocyte and monocyte counts were obtained from blood samples at time of diagnosis prior to any chemotherapy. Correlations between lymphocyte and monocyte and recurrence were assessed in the entire cohort and among obese patients, those reporting alcohol consumption and smoking. Competing risk regression was used to analyze time to recurrence. RESULTS A total of 950 patients with ≥ 5 years of follow-up were identified; 433 had complete data and were eligible for analysis. 293 (68%) had hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, 82 (19%) HER2 positive, and 53 (13%) triple negative. Patients in the highest quintile of lymphocytes compared to the lowest quintile had lower risk of recurrence (subhazard ratio (SHR) = 0.17, 95% CI [0.03-0.93], p = 0.041) while patients in the highest quintile of monocytes had lower risk for recurrence (SHR = 0.19, 95% CI [0.04, 0.92], p = 0.039). Higher monocytes were more strongly associated with lower recurrence among those reporting alcohol consumption (HR = 0.10, 95% CI [0.01, 0.91], p = 0.04). In obese patients, higher lymphocytes were associated with lower risk of recurrence (p = 0.046); in non-obese patients, higher monocytes were associated with lower risk of recurrence (p = 0.02). There were no correlations among patients who reported tobacco use. CONCLUSIONS High lymphocyte and monocyte counts are associated with lower recurrence rate in early-stage breast cancer, particularly in obese patients and those reporting alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Xie
- Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, 201 North Broadway, Rm 10262, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Maya M Lapinski
- Johns Hopkins University Department of Biomedical Engineering, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sarah Talamantes
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bareng A S Nonyane
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Kala Visvanathan
- Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, 201 North Broadway, Rm 10262, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Antonio C Wolff
- Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, 201 North Broadway, Rm 10262, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Cesar A Santa-Maria
- Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, 201 North Broadway, Rm 10262, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
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15
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Talamantes S, Xie E, Costa RLB, Chen M, Rademaker A, Santa-Maria CA. Circulating immune cell dynamics in patients with triple negative breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Cancer Med 2020; 9:6954-6960. [PMID: 32757467 PMCID: PMC7541144 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymphopenia has been associated with inferior cancer outcomes, but there is limited data in breast cancer. We describe the effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on circulating immune cells and its association with pathological complete response (pCR) rates in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). METHODS We constructed a database of patients with early stage TNBC treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Circulating lymphocytes and monocytes were assessed before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. These were correlated with pCR rates and disease-free survival (DFS) using Fisher's exact test, logistic regression, and the log-rank test. RESULTS From 2000 to 2015, we identified 95 eligible patients. Median age was 50; 29 (31%) were treated with platinum-containing chemotherapy; and 66 (69%) with nonplatinum-containing chemotherapy (anthracycline-taxane, or either alone). About 32 (34%) patients achieved a pCR; and 33 (35%) had recurrence events. Median follow-up time was 47 months. No significant associations were found between changes in lymphocytes and pCR or DFS. There was a correlation between lower monocyte levels after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and pCR (mean monocyte 0.56 in those with no-pCR vs 0.46 in those with pCR, P = .049, multivariate P = .078) and DFS (median DFS in highest monocyte quartile was 30 vs 107 months in lowest quartile, P = .022, multivariate P = .023). In patients who received nonplatinum regimens, DFS was better among those who had larger decreases in monocytes. CONCLUSIONS Development of lymphopenia from neoadjuvant chemotherapy was not associated with pCR in patients with TNBC. However, lower absolute circulating monocytes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with improved outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Talamantes
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Eric Xie
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Melissa Chen
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alfred Rademaker
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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16
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Angelopoulos V, Tsai E, Bingley L, Shaffer C, Turner DL, Runov A, Li W, Liu J, Artemyev AV, Zhang XJ, Strangeway RJ, Wirz RE, Shprits YY, Sergeev VA, Caron RP, Chung M, Cruce P, Greer W, Grimes E, Hector K, Lawson MJ, Leneman D, Masongsong EV, Russell CL, Wilkins C, Hinkley D, Blake JB, Adair N, Allen M, Anderson M, Arreola-Zamora M, Artinger J, Asher J, Branchevsky D, Capitelli MR, Castro R, Chao G, Chung N, Cliffe M, Colton K, Costello C, Depe D, Domae BW, Eldin S, Fitzgibbon L, Flemming A, Fox I, Frederick DM, Gilbert A, Gildemeister A, Gonzalez A, Hesford B, Jha S, Kang N, King J, Krieger R, Lian K, Mao J, McKinney E, Miller JP, Norris A, Nuesca M, Palla A, Park ESY, Pedersen CE, Qu Z, Rozario R, Rye E, Seaton R, Subramanian A, Sundin SR, Tan A, Turner W, Villegas AJ, Wasden M, Wing G, Wong C, Xie E, Yamamoto S, Yap R, Zarifian A, Zhang GY. The ELFIN Mission. Space Sci Rev 2020; 216:103. [PMID: 32831412 PMCID: PMC7413588 DOI: 10.1007/s11214-020-00721-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The Electron Loss and Fields Investigation with a Spatio-Temporal Ambiguity-Resolving option (ELFIN-STAR, or heretoforth simply: ELFIN) mission comprises two identical 3-Unit (3U) CubeSats on a polar (∼93∘ inclination), nearly circular, low-Earth (∼450 km altitude) orbit. Launched on September 15, 2018, ELFIN is expected to have a >2.5 year lifetime. Its primary science objective is to resolve the mechanism of storm-time relativistic electron precipitation, for which electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves are a prime candidate. From its ionospheric vantage point, ELFIN uses its unique pitch-angle-resolving capability to determine whether measured relativistic electron pitch-angle and energy spectra within the loss cone bear the characteristic signatures of scattering by EMIC waves or whether such scattering may be due to other processes. Pairing identical ELFIN satellites with slowly-variable along-track separation allows disambiguation of spatial and temporal evolution of the precipitation over minutes-to-tens-of-minutes timescales, faster than the orbit period of a single low-altitude satellite (Torbit ∼ 90 min). Each satellite carries an energetic particle detector for electrons (EPDE) that measures 50 keV to 5 MeV electrons with Δ E/E < 40% and a fluxgate magnetometer (FGM) on a ∼72 cm boom that measures magnetic field waves (e.g., EMIC waves) in the range from DC to 5 Hz Nyquist (nominally) with <0.3 nT/sqrt(Hz) noise at 1 Hz. The spinning satellites (Tspin ∼ 3 s) are equipped with magnetorquers (air coils) that permit spin-up or -down and reorientation maneuvers. Using those, the spin axis is placed normal to the orbit plane (nominally), allowing full pitch-angle resolution twice per spin. An energetic particle detector for ions (EPDI) measures 250 keV - 5 MeV ions, addressing secondary science. Funded initially by CalSpace and the University Nanosat Program, ELFIN was selected for flight with joint support from NSF and NASA between 2014 and 2018 and launched by the ELaNa XVIII program on a Delta II rocket (with IceSatII as the primary). Mission operations are currently funded by NASA. Working under experienced UCLA mentors, with advice from The Aerospace Corporation and NASA personnel, more than 250 undergraduates have matured the ELFIN implementation strategy; developed the instruments, satellite, and ground systems and operate the two satellites. ELFIN's already high potential for cutting-edge science return is compounded by concurrent equatorial Heliophysics missions (THEMIS, Arase, Van Allen Probes, MMS) and ground stations. ELFIN's integrated data analysis approach, rapid dissemination strategies via the SPace Environment Data Analysis System (SPEDAS), and data coordination with the Heliophysics/Geospace System Observatory (H/GSO) optimize science yield, enabling the widest community benefits. Several storm-time events have already been captured and are presented herein to demonstrate ELFIN's data analysis methods and potential. These form the basis of on-going studies to resolve the primary mission science objective. Broad energy precipitation events, precipitation bands, and microbursts, clearly seen both at dawn and dusk, extend from tens of keV to >1 MeV. This broad energy range of precipitation indicates that multiple waves are providing scattering concurrently. Many observed events show significant backscattered fluxes, which in the past were hard to resolve by equatorial spacecraft or non-pitch-angle-resolving ionospheric missions. These observations suggest that the ionosphere plays a significant role in modifying magnetospheric electron fluxes and wave-particle interactions. Routine data captures starting in February 2020 and lasting for at least another year, approximately the remainder of the mission lifetime, are expected to provide a very rich dataset to address questions even beyond the primary mission science objective.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Angelopoulos
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - E Tsai
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - L Bingley
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - C Shaffer
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Tyvak Nano-Satellite Systems, Inc., Irvine, CA 92618 USA
| | - D L Turner
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723 USA
| | - A Runov
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - W Li
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Department of Astronomy and Center for Space Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - J Liu
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - A V Artemyev
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - X-J Zhang
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - R J Strangeway
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - R E Wirz
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Y Y Shprits
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, 14473 Germany
| | - V A Sergeev
- Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034 Russia
| | - R P Caron
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - M Chung
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723 USA
| | - P Cruce
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA
| | - W Greer
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - E Grimes
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - K Hector
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Raytheon Space and Airborne Systems, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
| | - M J Lawson
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - D Leneman
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - E V Masongsong
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - C L Russell
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - C Wilkins
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - D Hinkley
- The Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
| | - J B Blake
- The Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
| | - N Adair
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Millenium Space Systems, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - M Allen
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA
| | - M Anderson
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Aptiv, Agoura Hills, CA 91301 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - M Arreola-Zamora
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - J Artinger
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - J Asher
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723 USA
| | - D Branchevsky
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- The Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - M R Capitelli
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Millenium Space Systems, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - R Castro
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Raytheon Space and Airborne Systems, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
| | - G Chao
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: The Boeing Company, Long Beach, CA 90808 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - N Chung
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: SF Motors, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - M Cliffe
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: SpaceX, Hawthorne, CA 90250 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - K Colton
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Planet Labs, Inc., San Francisco, CA 94107 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - C Costello
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - D Depe
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - B W Domae
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - S Eldin
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - L Fitzgibbon
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Tyvak Nano-Satellite Systems, Inc., Irvine, CA 92618 USA
| | - A Flemming
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA
| | - I Fox
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - D M Frederick
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Millenium Space Systems, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - A Gilbert
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - A Gildemeister
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA
| | - A Gonzalez
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: SpaceX, Hawthorne, CA 90250 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - B Hesford
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - S Jha
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - N Kang
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Millenium Space Systems, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - J King
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - R Krieger
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Mercedes-Benz Research and Development North America, Long Beach, CA 90810 USA
| | - K Lian
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA
| | - J Mao
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Verona, WI 53593 USA
| | - E McKinney
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA 91768 USA
| | - J P Miller
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - A Norris
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - M Nuesca
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - A Palla
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - E S Y Park
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Economics Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - C E Pedersen
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Z Qu
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - R Rozario
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: SpaceX, Hawthorne, CA 90250 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - E Rye
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - R Seaton
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - A Subramanian
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA
| | - S R Sundin
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Tyvak Nano-Satellite Systems, Inc., Irvine, CA 92618 USA
| | - A Tan
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Experior Laboratories, Oxnard, CA 93033 USA
| | - W Turner
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - A J Villegas
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - M Wasden
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - G Wing
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - C Wong
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - E Xie
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - S Yamamoto
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - R Yap
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Mathematics Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - A Zarifian
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - G Y Zhang
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
- Present Address: Qualcomm, San Diego, CA 92121 USA
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17
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Xiao B, Luo J, Xie E, Kong L, Tang J, Liu D, Mao L, Sui Q, Li W, Hong Z, Pan Z, Jiang W, Ding PR. Comparisons of screening strategies for identifying Lynch syndrome among patients with MLH1-deficient colorectal cancer. Eur J Hum Genet 2020; 28:1555-1562. [PMID: 32661327 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-020-0687-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BRAF and MLH1 promoter methylation testings have been proven effective prescreens for Lynch Syndrome. We aimed to compare different screening strategies for Lynch Syndrome in patients with MLH1(-) CRC. Patients with MLH1(-) CRC who had been tested for BRAF mutation and germline variants of DNA mismatch repair genes were included. We compared the sensitivities and specificities for identifying Lynch Syndrome and the cost-effectiveness of four screening approaches that used the following tests as prescreens: BRAF testing, MLH1 methylation testing, MLH1 methylation & BRAF testing, and MLH1 methylation testing & Revised Bethesda Criteria. Of 109 patients included, 23 (21.1%) were Lynch Syndrome patients. BRAF mutation and MLH1 methylation occurred in 6 (5.5%) and 40 (36.7%) patients, respectively. The sensitivity for identifying Lynch syndrome of BRAF testing was 100%, but the specificity was only 7%. MLH1 methylation testing had a lower sensitivity than BRAF testing (97.5% vs 100%), but had a markedly higher specificity (45.3% vs 7%). The combination of the two testings had a slightly higher specificity than MLH1 methylation testing alone (47.7% vs 45.3%). The MLH1 methylation testing approach had a 10% lower cost of identifying MLH1(-) Lynch syndrome carriers per case than universal genetic testing, but it missed 4.5% of patients. BRAF and MLH1 promoter methylation testings as prescreens for Lynch syndrome are less effective in Chinese patients with MLH1(-) CRC than in their Western counterparts. Universal genetic testing could be considered an up-front option for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binyi Xiao
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jun Luo
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences; Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | - E Xie
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, 515000, China
| | - Lingheng Kong
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jinghua Tang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Dingxin Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Linlin Mao
- Guangzhou Kingmed Diagnostics Group Co., Ltd. Clinical Genome Center, KingMed Center for Clinical Laboratory Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiaoqi Sui
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Weirong Li
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Zhigang Hong
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Zhizhong Pan
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Wu Jiang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Pei-Rong Ding
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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18
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Xie E, Mayer K, Capps MF, Barth AS, Love CJ, Coronel R, Ashikaga H. Mechanism of spontaneous initiation of ventricular fibrillation in patients with implantable defibrillators. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2020; 31:2415-2424. [PMID: 32618399 DOI: 10.1111/jce.14648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To improve the mechanistic understanding of spontaneous initiation of ventricular fibrillation (VF), we characterized the patterns of premature ventricular complex (PVC) preceding spontaneous VF in primary and secondary implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) recipients. METHODS AND RESULTS A single-center, cross-sectional analysis of 1209 patients with primary and secondary prevention ICD identified 190 patients who received ICD therapy (firing or antitachycardia pacing) for VF or monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (MMVT). Initiation was quantified by the coupling interval (CI), the cycle length immediately preceding the CI (CL(-1)), the CI corrected by CL(-1) using Fridericia's formula (CIc), and the prematurity index (PI). In both VF (n = 44; 23%) and MMVT (n = 134; 71%), the most common pattern of initiation was late-coupled PVC, followed by the short-long-short pattern. The parameters such as pre-initiation median CL, CL(-1), CI, and PI were not significantly different between VF and MMVT for any patterns. At least some events (45% of VF and 63% of MMVT) had extremely long CIs beyond the QTc cut-off estimated from the CL(-1), suggestive of initiation by a train of multiple PVCs or nonsustained VT instead of a single PVC. CONCLUSION Some spontaneous VF events in ICD recipients appear to be initiated by a train of multiple PVC or nonsustained VT rather than a single PVC. This finding indicates that patterns of a single PVC are not an important determinant of VF initiation and thus account for conflicting results in previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Xie
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Katarina Mayer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Melissa F Capps
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Andreas S Barth
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Charles J Love
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ruben Coronel
- Department of Experimental Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,IHU Liryc (L'institut de rythmologie et modélisation cardiaque), Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac-Bordeaux, France
| | - Hiroshi Ashikaga
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,IHU Liryc (L'institut de rythmologie et modélisation cardiaque), Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac-Bordeaux, France
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19
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Xie E, Yu R, Ambale-Venkatesh B, Bakhshi H, Heckbert SR, Soliman EZ, Bluemke DA, Kawut SM, Wu CO, Nazarian S, Lima JAC. Association of right atrial structure with incident atrial fibrillation: a longitudinal cohort cardiovascular magnetic resonance study from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2020; 22:36. [PMID: 32434529 PMCID: PMC7240918 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-020-00631-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While studies of the left atrium (LA) have demonstrated associations between volumes and emptying fraction with atrial fibrillation (AF), the contribution of right atrial (RA) abnormalities to incident AF remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVES Assess the association between RA structure and function with incident AF using feature-tracking cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). METHODS This is a prospective cohort study of all participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis with baseline CMR, sinus rhythm, and free of clinical cardiovascular disease at study initiation. RA volume, strain, and emptying fraction in participants with incident AF (n = 368) were compared against AF-free (n = 2779). Cox proportional-hazards models assessed association between variables. RESULTS Participants were aged 60 ± 10 yrs., 55% female, and followed an average 11.2 years. Individuals developing AF had higher baseline RA maximum volume index (mean ± standard deviation [SD]: 24 ± 9 vs 22 ± 8 mL/m2, p = 0.002) and minimum volume index (13 ± 7 vs 12 ± 6 mL/m2, p < 0.001), and lower baseline RA emptying fraction (45 ± 15% vs 47 ± 15%, p = 0.02), peak global strain (34 ± 17% vs 36 ± 19%, p < 0.001), and peak free-wall strain (40 ± 23% vs 42 ± 26%, p = 0.049) compared with the AF-free population. After adjusting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors and LA volume and function, we found RA maximum volume index (hazards ratio [HR]: 1.13 per SD, p = 0.041) and minimum volume index (HR: 1.12 per SD, p = 0.037) were independently associated with incident AF. CONCLUSIONS In a large multiethnic population, higher RA volume indices were independently associated with incident AF after adjustment for conventional cardiovascular risk factors and LA parameters. It is unclear if this predictive value persists when additional adjustment is made for ventricular parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Xie
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Blalock 524D, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Ricky Yu
- Heart Service, Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Hooman Bakhshi
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Blalock 524D, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Susan R Heckbert
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elsayed Z Soliman
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Epidemiological Cardiology Research Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - David A Bluemke
- Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Steven M Kawut
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Colin O Wu
- Office of Biostatistics Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Saman Nazarian
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Blalock 524D, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - João A C Lima
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Blalock 524D, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
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20
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Carreira JFC, Xie E, Bian R, Herrnsdorf J, Haas H, Gu E, Strain MJ, Dawson MD. Gigabit per second visible light communication based on AlGaInP red micro-LED micro-transfer printed onto diamond and glass. Opt Express 2020; 28:12149-12156. [PMID: 32403714 DOI: 10.1364/oe.391488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Full-color smart displays, which act both as a display and as a high-speed visible light communication (VLC) transmitter, can be realized by the integration of red-green-blue micron-sized light emitting diodes (micro-LEDs) onto a common platform. In this work, we report on the integration of aluminum gallium indium phosphide red micro-LEDs onto diamond and glass substrates by micro-transfer printing and their application in VLC. The device on-diamond exhibits high current density and bandwidth operation, enabled by diamond's superior thermal properties. Employing an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation scheme, error-free data rates of 2.6 Gbps and 5 Gbps are demonstrated for a single micro-LED printed on-glass and on-diamond, respectively. In a parallel configuration, a 2x1 micro-LED array achieves error-free data rates of 3 Gbps and 6.6 Gbps, on-glass and on-diamond, respectively.
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21
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Carreira JFC, Griffiths AD, Xie E, Guilhabert BJE, Herrnsdorf J, Henderson RK, Gu E, Strain MJ, Dawson MD. Direct integration of micro-LEDs and a SPAD detector on a silicon CMOS chip for data communications and time-of-flight ranging. Opt Express 2020; 28:6909-6917. [PMID: 32225928 DOI: 10.1364/oe.384746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We present integration of singulated micron-sized light emitting diodes (micro-LEDs) directly onto a silicon CMOS drive chip using a transfer printing method. An 8x8 micro-LED device array with individual control over each pixel is demonstrated with modulation bandwidths up to 50 MHz, limited by the large modulation depth of the driver chip. The 2 kHz frame rate CMOS driver also incorporates a Single Photon Avalanche Diode device thus allowing detection and transmission functionality on a single integrated chip. Visible light communications at data rates up to 1 Mbps, and time-of-flight ranging with cm-scale resolution are demonstrated using this hybrid integrated system.
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22
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Carreira JFC, Xie E, Bian R, Chen C, McKendry JJD, Guilhabert B, Haas H, Gu E, Dawson MD. On-chip GaN-based dual-color micro-LED arrays and their application in visible light communication. Opt Express 2019; 27:A1517-A1528. [PMID: 31684503 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.0a1517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Integrated multi-color micron-sized light emitting diode (micro-LED) arrays have been demonstrated in recent years for display applications; however, their potential as visible light communication (VLC) transmitters is yet to be fully explored. In this work, we report on the fabrication and characterization of on-chip dual-color micro-LED arrays and their application in VLC. For this purpose, blue-green and blue-violet micro-LED arrays were fabricated by transfer printing blue-emitting micro-LEDs onto the substrate of green and violet micro-LEDs, respectively. The potential of these dual-color micro-LED arrays as VLC transmitters is demonstrated with respective error-free data rates of 1.79 and 3.35 Gbps, achieved by the blue-green and blue-violet devices in a dual wavelength multiplexing scheme.
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23
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Xie E, Lima JA. Global Nature of Incipient Chamber Remodeling and Dysfunction in Diabetic Individuals Living in the Community. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2019; 12:e009729. [DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.119.009729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Xie
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - João A.C. Lima
- Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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24
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Okada DR, Xie E, Assis F, Smith J, Derakhshan A, Gowani Z, Ambale-Venkatesh B, Gilotra NA, Zimmerman SL, Berger RD, Calkins H, Lima JAC, Tandri H, Chrispin J. Regional abnormalities on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and arrhythmic events in patients with cardiac sarcoidosis. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2019; 30:1967-1976. [PMID: 31328324 DOI: 10.1111/jce.14082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) may present with arrhythmic events (AE): atrioventricular block (AVB) and/ or ventricular arrhythmias (VA). We sought to: (a) use regional analysis of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) to describe anatomic and functional phenotypes of patients with CS and AE; (b) Assess the association of regional CMR abnormalities with the combined endpoint of death, heart transplantation (HT) and AE; and (c) use machine learning (ML) to predict the combined endpoint based on CMR features. METHODS we included 76 patients with CS and CMR. We analyzed cine images to determine regional longitudinal (LS) and radial strain (RS); and late gadolinium enhancement imaging to determine regional scar burden (%scar). RESULTS Patients with AVB (n = 7), compared with those without, had higher %scar in the anterior (21.8 ± 27.4 vs 5.1 ± 8.9; P = 0.0005) and anteroseptal (19.3 ± 24.5 vs 3.5 ± 5.5; P < .0001) walls. Patients with VA (n = 12), compared with those without, had higher %scar in the basal inferoseptum (20.4 ± 30.8 vs 8.3 ± 13.4; P = .03). During mean follow-up of 4.4 ± 3.3 years, four patients died or underwent HT; eight had VA; and zero developed AVB. Multiple regional abnormalities were associated with the combined endpoint, including scar in the anteroseptal wall (HR 1.06 [1.02-1.09] per 1%scar increase, P = .002). The ML algorithm predicted the combined endpoint with a C-statistic of 0.91. CONCLUSION Regional CMR abnormalities are associated with AE in patients with CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Okada
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Eric Xie
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Fabrizio Assis
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - John Smith
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Arsalan Derakhshan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Zain Gowani
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Nisha A Gilotra
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Ronald D Berger
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Hugh Calkins
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Joao A C Lima
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Harikrishna Tandri
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jonathan Chrispin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
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25
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Pogorzalek S, Fedorov KG, Xu M, Parra-Rodriguez A, Sanz M, Fischer M, Xie E, Inomata K, Nakamura Y, Solano E, Marx A, Deppe F, Gross R. Secure quantum remote state preparation of squeezed microwave states. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2604. [PMID: 31197157 PMCID: PMC6565634 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10727-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum communication protocols based on nonclassical correlations can be more efficient than known classical methods and offer intrinsic security over direct state transfer. In particular, remote state preparation aims at the creation of a desired and known quantum state at a remote location using classical communication and quantum entanglement. We present an experimental realization of deterministic continuous-variable remote state preparation in the microwave regime over a distance of 35 cm. By employing propagating two-mode squeezed microwave states and feedforward, we achieve the remote preparation of squeezed states with up to 1.6 dB of squeezing below the vacuum level. Finally, security of remote state preparation is investigated by using the concept of the one-time pad and measuring the von Neumann entropies. We find nearly identical values for the entropy of the remotely prepared state and the respective conditional entropy given the classically communicated information and, thus, demonstrate close-to-perfect security. Continuous-variable remote state preparation in the microwave domain would allow to leverage the superconducting technology for quantum networks applications. Here, the authors show how to deterministically prepare squeezed Gaussian states across 35 cm using previously shared entanglement.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pogorzalek
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748, Garching, Germany. .,Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany.
| | - K G Fedorov
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748, Garching, Germany. .,Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany.
| | - M Xu
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748, Garching, Germany.,Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - A Parra-Rodriguez
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Apartado 644, E-48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - M Sanz
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Apartado 644, E-48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - M Fischer
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748, Garching, Germany.,Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany.,Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstr. 4, 80799, Munich, Germany
| | - E Xie
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748, Garching, Germany.,Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany.,Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstr. 4, 80799, Munich, Germany
| | - K Inomata
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.,National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8563, Japan
| | - Y Nakamura
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.,Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan
| | - E Solano
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Apartado 644, E-48080, Bilbao, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013, Bilbao, Spain.,Department of Physics, Shanghai University, 200444, Shanghai, China
| | - A Marx
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - F Deppe
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748, Garching, Germany.,Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany.,Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstr. 4, 80799, Munich, Germany
| | - R Gross
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748, Garching, Germany. .,Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany. .,Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstr. 4, 80799, Munich, Germany.
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26
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Jagadeesh D, Tsai D, Wei W, Wagner-Johnston N, Xie E, Berg S, Smith S, Koff J, Barot S, Hwang D, Kim S, Venugopal P, Fenske T, Sriram D, David K, Santapuram P, Reddy N, Dharnidharka V, Evens A. POST-TRANSPLANT LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDER (PTLD) AFTER SOLID ORGAN TRANSPLANT (SOT): SURVIVAL AND PROGNOSTICATION AMONG 570 PATIENTS (PTS) TREATED IN THE MODERN ERA. Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.116_2629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Jagadeesh
- Hematology and Medical Oncology; Cleveland Clinic; Cleveland United States
| | - D. Tsai
- Hematology/Oncology; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia United States
| | - W. Wei
- Hematology and Medical Oncology; Cleveland Clinic; Cleveland United States
| | - N. Wagner-Johnston
- Hematology and Oncology; Johns Hopkins Medical Institution; Baltimore United States
| | - E. Xie
- Hematology and Oncology; Johns Hopkins Medical Institution; Baltimore United States
| | - S. Berg
- Hematology and Oncology; Loyola University Medical Center; Melrose Park United States
| | - S.E. Smith
- Hematology and Oncology; Loyola University Medical Center; Melrose Park United States
| | - J.L. Koff
- Hematology and Medical Oncology; Emory University; Atlanta United States
| | - S. Barot
- Hematology and Medical Oncology; Cleveland Clinic; Cleveland United States
| | - D. Hwang
- Hematology and Oncology; Loyola University Medical Center; Melrose Park United States
| | - S. Kim
- Hematology and Oncology; Rush University Medical Center; Chicago United States
| | - P. Venugopal
- Hematology and Oncology; Rush University Medical Center; Chicago United States
| | - T. Fenske
- Hematology and Oncology; Medical College of Wisconsin; Milwaukee United States
| | - D. Sriram
- Hematology and Oncology; Medical College of Wisconsin; Milwaukee United States
| | - K. David
- Hematology and Oncology; Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey; New Brunswick United States
| | - P. Santapuram
- Department of Medicine; Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Nashville United States
| | - N. Reddy
- Department of Medicine; Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Nashville United States
| | - V. Dharnidharka
- Pediatric Nephrology; Hypertension and Pheresis, Washington University School of Medicine & St. Louis Children's Hospital; St. Louis United States
| | - A.M. Evens
- Hematology and Oncology; Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey; New Brunswick United States
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27
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Xie E, Garzon-Muvdi T, Bender M, Doshi T, Carson B, Lim M, Bettegowda C. Association Between Radiofrequency Rhizotomy Parameters and Duration of Pain Relief in Trigeminal Neuralgia Patients with Recurrent Pain. World Neurosurg 2019; 129:e128-e133. [PMID: 31102773 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiofrequency rhizotomy (RFR) is a commonly used, effective procedure for trigeminal neuralgia (TN), but a subset of patients experiences pain recurrence and requires subsequent surgeries. Currently, the rhizotomy temperature and duration of application are empirically determined, and there is no consensus on what settings are most beneficial. In this study, we analyzed patients who underwent trigeminal RFR and had subsequent surgeries to identify whether rhizotomy parameters were associated with the duration of pain relief. METHODS Single-center, retrospective analysis of patients undergoing RFR for TN from 1995 to 2016. The primary endpoint was subsequent procedure. Associations with rhizotomy parameters and covariates were assessed using Cox regression analysis. RESULTS The study included 338 patients, average age 65 years; 61% were women. Temperature was significantly associated with both the degree of immediate postoperative pain relief and the duration of pain relief, and in subgroup analyses by multiple sclerosis status and RFR procedural count. Ablation duration was also independently significant, though not when analyzed alongside age, sex, and race. Duration of pain relief was generally shorter in patients with multiple sclerosis and in repeated RFR. CONCLUSIONS Higher temperatures may be necessary to achieve pain relief in some patients, given the progressive nature of the facial pain, but they are not associated with longer duration of pain relief in patients who have recurrent pain. Modulation of the ablation duration does not seem to affect the short-term or long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Tomas Garzon-Muvdi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Matthew Bender
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Tina Doshi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Benjamin Carson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael Lim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Chetan Bettegowda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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28
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Goetz J, Deppe F, Fedorov KG, Eder P, Fischer M, Pogorzalek S, Xie E, Marx A, Gross R. Parity-Engineered Light-Matter Interaction. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 121:060503. [PMID: 30141644 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.060503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The concept of parity describes the inversion symmetry of a system and is of fundamental relevance in the standard model, quantum information processing, and field theory. In quantum electrodynamics, parity is conserved and large field gradients are required to engineer the parity of the light-matter interaction operator. In this work, we engineer a potassiumlike artificial atom represented by a specifically designed superconducting flux qubit. We control the wave function parity of the artificial atom with an effective orbital momentum provided by a resonator. By irradiating the artificial atom with spatially shaped microwave fields, we select the interaction parity in situ. In this way, we observe dipole and quadrupole selection rules for single state transitions and induce transparency via longitudinal coupling. Our work advances the design of tunable artificial multilevel atoms to a new level, which is particularly promising with respect to quantum chemistry simulations with near-term superconducting circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Goetz
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - F Deppe
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM), Schellingstraße 4, 80799 München, Germany
| | - K G Fedorov
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - P Eder
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM), Schellingstraße 4, 80799 München, Germany
| | - M Fischer
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM), Schellingstraße 4, 80799 München, Germany
| | - S Pogorzalek
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - E Xie
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM), Schellingstraße 4, 80799 München, Germany
| | - A Marx
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - R Gross
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM), Schellingstraße 4, 80799 München, Germany
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29
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Goetz J, Pogorzalek S, Deppe F, Fedorov KG, Eder P, Fischer M, Wulschner F, Xie E, Marx A, Gross R. Photon Statistics of Propagating Thermal Microwaves. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:103602. [PMID: 28339239 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.103602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In experiments with superconducting quantum circuits, characterizing the photon statistics of propagating microwave fields is a fundamental task. We quantify the n^{2}+n photon number variance of thermal microwave photons emitted from a blackbody radiator for mean photon numbers, 0.05≲n≲1.5. We probe the fields using either correlation measurements or a transmon qubit coupled to a microwave resonator. Our experiments provide a precise quantitative characterization of weak microwave states and information on the noise emitted by a Josephson parametric amplifier.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Goetz
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - S Pogorzalek
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - F Deppe
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM), Schellingstraße 4, 80799 München, Germany
| | - K G Fedorov
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - P Eder
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM), Schellingstraße 4, 80799 München, Germany
| | - M Fischer
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM), Schellingstraße 4, 80799 München, Germany
| | - F Wulschner
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - E Xie
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM), Schellingstraße 4, 80799 München, Germany
| | - A Marx
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - R Gross
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM), Schellingstraße 4, 80799 München, Germany
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30
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Zheng C, Huang Y, Xie E, Xie D, Peng Y, Wang X. Laparoscopic common bile duct exploration: a safe and definitive treatment for elderly patients. Surg Endosc 2016; 31:2541-2547. [PMID: 28008469 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-016-5257-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common bile duct (CBD) stone is one of the most common diseases among elderly people. In recent decades, there are numerous studies regarding the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE). Elderly patients are often regarded as high-risk patients because they are more likely to present with age-specific deterioration of organ function and coexisting chronic diseases, which may reduce their tolerance of laparoscopic surgery. Although laparoscopic surgery for choledocholithiasis is now widely accepted as the treatment for CBD stone, its appropriateness for the treatment of elderly patients or those with coexisting high-risk patients has not been well established. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to analyze the safety and efficacy of LCBDE in elderly patients. METHODS Between January 2012 and November 2015, 376 patients underwent LCBDE in our center. Based on their ages, they were divided into two groups, and a retrospective study was performed. By making comparisons between younger group who were younger than 70 years (n = 253) and elderly group who were 70 years old or older (n = 123), the demographics, clinical characteristics, laboratory data, operative parameters and outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS Before operation, elderly patients had more coexisting chronic diseases and risk factors, such as arterial hypertension, heart diseases, pulmonary diseases and previous abdominal surgery (P < 0.05). In both groups, LCBDE was equally successful with a high clearance rate (100 % in elderly patients vs. 98.8 % in younger group, P = 0.554). Besides, the operating time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hospital stay, total costs and overall complication showed no significant difference between two groups (P > 0.05). There was no major bile duct injury or death in either group. CONCLUSION Although elderly patients are frequently confronted with coexisting disorders, LCBDE can be considered as a safe and effective technique in choledocholithiasis treatment for elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chufa Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, 515000, China
| | - Yaokui Huang
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, 515000, China
| | - E Xie
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, 515000, China
| | - Dejin Xie
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, 515000, China
| | - Yunheng Peng
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, 515000, China
| | - Xiaozhong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, 515000, China.
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31
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Fedorov KG, Zhong L, Pogorzalek S, Eder P, Fischer M, Goetz J, Xie E, Wulschner F, Inomata K, Yamamoto T, Nakamura Y, Di Candia R, Las Heras U, Sanz M, Solano E, Menzel EP, Deppe F, Marx A, Gross R. Displacement of Propagating Squeezed Microwave States. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:020502. [PMID: 27447495 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.020502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Displacement of propagating quantum states of light is a fundamental operation for quantum communication. It enables fundamental studies on macroscopic quantum coherence and plays an important role in quantum teleportation protocols with continuous variables. In our experiments, we have successfully implemented this operation for propagating squeezed microwave states. We demonstrate that, even for strong displacement amplitudes, there is no degradation of the squeezing level in the reconstructed quantum states. Furthermore, we confirm that path entanglement generated by using displaced squeezed states remains constant over a wide range of the displacement power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill G Fedorov
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - L Zhong
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM), Schellingstraße 4, 80799 München, Germany
| | - S Pogorzalek
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - P Eder
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM), Schellingstraße 4, 80799 München, Germany
| | - M Fischer
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J Goetz
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - E Xie
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM), Schellingstraße 4, 80799 München, Germany
| | - F Wulschner
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - K Inomata
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - T Yamamoto
- NEC IoT Device Research Laboratories, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8501, Japan
| | - Y Nakamura
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - R Di Candia
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Apartado 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - U Las Heras
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Apartado 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - M Sanz
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Apartado 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - E Solano
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Apartado 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - E P Menzel
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - F Deppe
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM), Schellingstraße 4, 80799 München, Germany
| | - A Marx
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - R Gross
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM), Schellingstraße 4, 80799 München, Germany
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Liu GC, Zhang X, Xie E, An X, Cai PQ, Zhu Y, Tang JH, Kong LH, Lin JZ, Pan ZZ, Ding PR. The Value of Restaging With Chest and Abdominal CT/MRI Scan After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e2074. [PMID: 26632714 PMCID: PMC5058983 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000002074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Little was known with regard to the value of preoperative systemic restaging for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT). This study was designed to evaluate the role of chest and abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on preoperative restaging in LARC after neoadjuvant CRT and to assess the impact on treatment strategy.Between January 2007 and April 2013, 386 newly diagnosed consecutive patients with LARC who underwent neoadjuvant CRT and received restaging with chest and abdominal CT/MRI scan were included. Imaging results before and after CRT were analyzed.Twelve patients (3.1%) (6 liver lesions, 2 peritoneal lesions, 2 distant lymph node lesions, 1 lung lesions, 1 liver and lung lesions) were diagnosed as suspicious metastases on the restaging scan after radiotherapy. Seven patients (1.8%) were confirmed as metastases by pathology or long-term follow-up. The treatment strategy was changed in 5 of the 12 patients as a result of restaging CT/MRI findings. Another 10 patients (2.6%) who present with normal restaging imaging findings were diagnosed as metastases intra-operatively. The sensitivity, specificity accuracy, negative predictive value, and positive predictive values of restaging CT/MRI was 41.4%, 98.6%, 58.3%, and 97.3%, respectively.The low incidence of metastases and minimal consequences for the treatment plan question the clinical value of routine restaging of chest and abdomen after neoadjuvant CRT. Based on this study, a routine restaging CT/MRI of chest and abdomen in patients with rectal cancer after neoadjuvant CRT is not advocated, carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) -guided CT/MRI restaging might be an alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Chen Liu
- From the State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine (G-CL, XZ, EX, XA, P-QC, YZ, J-HT, L-HK, J-ZL, Z-ZP, P-RD); Departments of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (G-CL, YZ, J-HT, L-HK, J-ZL, Z-ZP, P-RD); Departments of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (XZ); Departments of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (XA); Departments of Medical Imaging & Interventional Radiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, P. R. China (P-QC); and Departments of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, P. R. China (EX)
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Xie E, Wang XZ, Lin XW, Huang YK, Hong WQ, Pen QQ, Chen HX, Xie DJ, Liao WP. [Effect of laparoscopic proctectomy and open proctectomy on plasma levels of vascular endothelial growth factor]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2013; 16:989-992. [PMID: 24158875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of laparoscopic and open proctectomy on plasma levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). METHODS From January 2011 to December 2012, 100 rectal cancer patients in Shantou Central Hospital were enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into laparoscopic (LR) group and open (OR) group based on the decision of the patients. There were 63 patients in the LR group (44 cases undergoing low anterior resection and 19 abdominoperineal resection) and 37 patients in the OR group(26 cases undergoing low anterior resection and 11 abdominoperineal resection). Double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunohistochemistry was used to detect the level of VEGF on 1-day before and 1-day, 3-day, 7-day after operation. RESULTS In the LR group, the postoperative levels of VEGF increased slowly, and the level of VEGF was significantly higher than that before operation until the 7-day after operation(P<0.05) regardless of the procedure. In the OR group, all the postoperative levels of VEGF were significantly increased(P<0.05). There was no significant difference of the VEGF level on 1-day before and 1-day after operation between the two groups(all P>0.05). The VEGF level in the OR group was significantly higher than that in the LR group on the day 3 and day 7 after operation(P<0.05). CONCLUSION Compared with open approach, laparoscopic proctectomy has smaller short-term impact on the plasma level of VEGF in rectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Xie
- Department of The First Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Shantou 515031, China.
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Fan B, Ye W, Xie E, Wu H, Gutmann JL. Three-dimensional morphological analysis of C-shaped canals in mandibular first premolars in a Chinese population. Int Endod J 2012; 45:1035-41. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2012.02070.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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35
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Eskandar AM, Sirop S, Kojaian M, Foreback J, Bundesmann R, Xie E, Kanaan M. Comparing survival of Detroit to other registries in small and non-small cell lung cancer: SEER database study. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e12006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Xie E, Weng ZS, Wang XZ, Huang YK. [Clinical significance of multi-slice spiral CT angiography in radical resection of gastric cancer]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2011; 14:31-33. [PMID: 21271376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the clinical significance of preoperative abdominal multi-slice spiral CT angiography (MSCTA) in radical resection of gastric cancer. METHODS One hundred and three patients with gastric cancer were divided into two groups according to their desires. Group I( included 57 patients who underwent preoperative MSCTA and group II( included 46 patients who underwent surgery without preoperative MSCTA. All these patients were operated by the same surgical team. RESULTS Six patients(10.5%) with abnormal gastric artery in group I( were discovered. The diagnostic concordance rate between MSCTA and intraoperative findings was 100% in group I( in the locations and alignments of main perigastric vessels and their relationship with cancer lesions. Operative time in group I( was shorter than that in group II( [(206 ± 23) min vs. (257 ± 32) min, P=0.044]. Operative time [(190 ± 50) min] of patients with abnormal gastric artery of group I( was shorter than that [(255 ± 62) min] of patients with abnormal gastric artery discovered during operation of group II( (P=0.048). However there were no differences in blood loss, extent of lymph node dissection, complication rate, length of hospital stay, and hospitalization cost between the two groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSION Preoperative MSCTA is beneficial to the evaluation of vascular structure of the cancer and the adjacent tissues, which may reduce postoperative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Xie
- Department of the First Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Shantou 515031, China.
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Xie E, Yang Z, Li A. [Experimental study on the treatment of smoke inhalation injury with lung lavage and exogenous pulmonary surfactant]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 1997; 35:745-8. [PMID: 10677998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the prevention and treatment effects of lung lavage and exogenous pulmonary surfactant (PS) on endogenous surfactant system dysfunction and acute respiratory failure caused by severe smoke inhalation, Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: Group I, normal control; Group II, smoke inhalation; Group III, smoke + lavage + PS + mechanical ventilation (MV); Group IV, smoke + lavage + MV; Group V, smoke + MV. The lungs were lavaged with 30 ml/kg 0.9% NaCl containing 100 mg/kg PS or same volume of saline via tracheal catheter at 5 min after smoke inhalation, then the animals were placed on a ventilator for 4 h, and observed until 24 h postinjury. The arterial blood gas levels, lung water volume, static lung compliance (Cst), total protein and albumin contents in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), surface tension properties of BALF, and fatality rate at 24 h were measured. Smoke inhalation caused a similar acute hypoxia and severe carbon monoxide poisoning immediately in all injuried groups. The animals in group II showed acute respiratory failure, serious high permeability pulmonary edema, and surfactant system dysfunction. The surface tension properties of BALF, Cst, and the oxygenation were significantly improved with lung lavage and exogenous PS treatment. The lung water volume, total protein and albumin contents in BALF were decreased dramatically in this group. The fatality rate at 24 h declined markedly only in group III. It was suggested that lung lavage and exogenous surfactant treatment trestores effectively endogenous surfactant function inhibited by smoke inhalation, improves lung function, prevents high permeability pulmonary edema and respiratory failure, and decreases the mortality in early stage after smoke inhalation injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Xie
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwestern Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing
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Xie E, Yang Z. [Progress on the study of inhalation injury]. Zhonghua Zheng Xing Shao Shang Wai Ke Za Zhi 1997; 13:297-300. [PMID: 10452020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
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Xie E, Xu C, Gong J, Chen G. [IR and UV-vis spectra of nitrogen-doped fullerene]. Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi 1997; 17:58-61. [PMID: 15810390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-doped fullerene derivative's IR and UV-vis spectra are reported. Some of the C60 IR silent modes are activated due to nitrogen atom reducing C60 molecular symmetry. UV-vis spectrum indicates nitrogen is donor.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Xie
- Department of Physics, Lanzhou University, 730000 Lanzhou
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Xie E, Yang Z, Li A. [Determination of placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) for detecting the damages of alveolar type I cells caused by smoke inhalation]. Zhonghua Zheng Xing Shao Shang Wai Ke Za Zhi 1996; 12:427-30. [PMID: 9387432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) is a marker enzyme of alveolar type I cells. To evaluate the damages of alveolar type I cells and its relations with the development of acute lung injury caused by smoke inhalation, the present study was designed to observe the dynamic changes in PLAP contents in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Following the induction of smoke inhalation injury in rat, the arterial blood gas levels, lung water volume, total protein and albumin contents in BALF, and PLAP contents in plasma and BALF were determined respectively in normal control and injured animals at 2, 6, 12 and 24 h after injury. The pathomorphology of lung tissues was also observed. It was found that after smoke inhalation, animals showed acute respiratory failure and serious pulmonary edema. The total protein and albumin levels in BALF increased markedly. Both PLAP contents in plasma and BALF also increased dramatically, and there was a significant positive correlation between the changes in the PLAP and the total protein contents in BALF. The pathomorphologically serious structural damage of alveolar type I cells were also found. PLAP may be not only a marker of alveolar type I cells injury, but also interrelated with the permeability increase of alveolar-capillary membrane after smoke inhalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Xie
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwestern Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing
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Abstract
The complete 4775-nt cDNA encoding the human serotonin 5-HT2c receptor (5-HT2cR), a G-protein-coupled receptor, has been isolated. It contains a 1377-nt coding region flanked by a 728-nt 5'-untranslated region and a 2670-nt 3'-untranslated region. By using the cloned 5-HT2cR cDNA probe, the complete human gene for this receptor has been isolated and shown to contain six exons and five introns spanning at least 230 kb of DNA. The coding region of the human 5-HT2CR gene is interrupted by three introns, and the positions of the intron/exon junctions are conserved between the human and the rodent genes. In addition, an alternatively spliced 5-HT2CR RNA that contains a 95-nt deletion in the region coding for the second intracellular loop and the fourth transmembrane domain of the receptor has been identified. This deletion leads to a frameshift and premature termination so that the short isoform RNA encodes a putative protein of 248 amino acids. The ratio for the short isoform over the 5-HT2CR RNA was found to be higher in choroid plexus tumor than in normal brain tissue, suggesting the possibility of differential regulation of the 5-HT2CR gene in different neural tissues or during tumorigenesis. Transcription of the human 5-HT2CR gene was found to be initiated at multiple sites. No classical TATA-box sequence was found at the appropriate location, and the 5'-flanking sequence contains many potential transcription factor-binding sites. A 7.3-kb 5'-flanking 5-HT2CR DNA directed the efficient expression of a luciferase reporter gene in SK-N-SH and IMR32 neuro-blastoma cells, indicating that it contains a functional promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, Ohio State University, Columbus 43205, USA
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Zhu L, Zhu L, Xie E, Chang LS. Differential roles of two tandem E2F sites in repression of the human p107 promoter by retinoblastoma and p107 proteins. Mol Cell Biol 1995; 15:3552-62. [PMID: 7791762 PMCID: PMC230592 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.15.7.3552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Although many lines of evidence indicate that the cellular protein p107 is closely related to the retinoblastoma protein, the exact function of the p107 gene and its regulation are presently not known. To investigate the molecular mechanism controlling expression of the human p107 gene, a 5' flanking sequence of this gene was isolated and shown to promote high-level expression of a luciferase reporter gene in cycling human 293 and Saos-2 cells. Sequencing and transcription mapping analyses showed that the human p107 promoter is TATA-less and contains a tandem, direct repeat of E2F-binding sites, with the 3' copy overlapping the major transcription initiation site. Deletion analysis of the p107 promoter showed that a promoter DNA fragment containing only the two E2F sites together with the leader sequence could direct relatively efficient expression in 293 cells. Site-directed mutagenesis of these E2F sites revealed that although both sites were important for p107 promoter activity, mutation on the proximal, initiation site copy of the E2F site showed a stronger effect. The human p107 promoter could be repressed by the retinoblastoma protein and its own gene product. Interestingly, the repression was found to be mediated through the 5' copy of the E2F site. These studies demonstrate for the first time differential roles of two tandem E2F sites in promoter regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Ohio State University, Columbus 43205, USA
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Karacay B, Xie E, Chang LS. The murine erythrocyte protein-4.2-encoding gene: similarities and differences in structure and expression from its human counterpart. Gene 1995; 158:253-6. [PMID: 7607550 DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(95)00156-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We have isolated a complete cDNA encoding for the mouse erythrocyte protein 4.2 (P4.2). The entire P4.2 cDNA consists of 3465 nt with an open reading frame (ORF) of 691 amino acids. Northern blot analysis of mouse reticulocyte or spleen RNA using the P4.2 cDNA as a probe, detected a 3.5-kb message. The size of the mouse P4.2 cDNA or message that we obtained, appears to be different from those reported recently. Despite the similarity to the human P4.2 cDNAs, the mouse cDNA has a longer 3' untranslated region. A genomic clone covering the first exon and flanking sequences of the mouse P4.2 gene was isolated. Sequencing results from the first exon-intron junction region and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) experiments revealed that the mouse reticulocyte P4.2 RNA does not exhibit alternative splicing in the region identified in the human P4.2 RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Karacay
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, Ohio State University, Columbus 43205, USA
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Xie E, Yang Z. [Progress in the exogenous pulmonary surfactant replacement therapy for the adult respiratory distress syndrome]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 1995; 75:183-5. [PMID: 7780826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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