1
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Mouchahoir T, Schiel JE, Rogers R, Heckert A, Place BJ, Ammerman A, Li X, Robinson T, Schmidt B, Chumsae CM, Li X, Manuilov AV, Yan B, Staples GO, Ren D, Veach AJ, Wang D, Yared W, Sosic Z, Wang Y, Zang L, Leone AM, Liu P, Ludwig R, Tao L, Wu W, Cansizoglu A, Hanneman A, Adams GW, Perdivara I, Walker H, Wilson M, Brandenburg A, DeGraan-Weber N, Gotta S, Shambaugh J, Alvarez M, Yu XC, Cao L, Shao C, Mahan A, Nanda H, Nields K, Nightlinger N, Niu B, Wang J, Xu W, Leo G, Sepe N, Liu YH, Patel BA, Richardson D, Wang Y, Tizabi D, Borisov OV, Lu Y, Maynard EL, Gruhler A, Haselmann KF, Krogh TN, Sönksen CP, Letarte S, Shen S, Boggio K, Johnson K, Ni W, Patel H, Ripley D, Rouse JC, Zhang Y, Daniels C, Dawdy A, Friese O, Powers TW, Sperry JB, Woods J, Carlson E, Sen KI, Skilton SJ, Busch M, Lund A, Stapels M, Guo X, Heidelberger S, Kaluarachchi H, McCarthy S, Kim J, Zhen J, Zhou Y, Rogstad S, Wang X, Fang J, Chen W, Yu YQ, Hoogerheide JG, Scott R, Yuan H. Attribute Analytics Performance Metrics from the MAM Consortium Interlaboratory Study. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2022; 33:1659-1677. [PMID: 36018776 PMCID: PMC9460773 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The multi-attribute method (MAM) was conceived as a single assay to potentially replace multiple single-attribute assays that have long been used in process development and quality control (QC) for protein therapeutics. MAM is rooted in traditional peptide mapping methods; it leverages mass spectrometry (MS) detection for confident identification and quantitation of many types of protein attributes that may be targeted for monitoring. While MAM has been widely explored across the industry, it has yet to gain a strong foothold within QC laboratories as a replacement method for established orthogonal platforms. Members of the MAM consortium recently undertook an interlaboratory study to evaluate the industry-wide status of MAM. Here we present the results of this study as they pertain to the targeted attribute analytics component of MAM, including investigation into the sources of variability between laboratories and comparison of MAM data to orthogonal methods. These results are made available with an eye toward aiding the community in further optimizing the method to enable its more frequent use in the QC environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trina Mouchahoir
- National
Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Dr, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Institute
for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, 9600 Gudelsky Dr, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - John E. Schiel
- National
Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Dr, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Institute
for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, 9600 Gudelsky Dr, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Rich Rogers
- Just-Evotech
Biologics, Inc., 401
Terry Ave N., Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Alan Heckert
- National
Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Dr, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Benjamin J. Place
- National
Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Dr, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Aaron Ammerman
- AbbVie, 1000 Gateway
Blvd, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- AbbVie, 1000 Gateway
Blvd, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Tom Robinson
- AbbVie, 1000 Gateway
Blvd, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Brian Schmidt
- AbbVie, 1000 Gateway
Blvd, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Chris M. Chumsae
- AbbVie, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Xinbi Li
- AbbVie, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Anton V. Manuilov
- AbbVie, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Bo Yan
- AbbVie, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Gregory O. Staples
- Agilent
Technologies, 5301 Stevens Creek Blvd, Santa Clara, California 95008, United States
| | - Da Ren
- Amgen, One Amgen Center Dr, Thousand
Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Alexander J. Veach
- Amgen, One Amgen Center Dr, Thousand
Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Dongdong Wang
- BioAnalytix, 790 Memorial Dr, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Wael Yared
- BioAnalytix, 790 Memorial Dr, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Zoran Sosic
- Biogen, 125 Broadway, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Yan Wang
- Biogen, 125 Broadway, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Li Zang
- Biogen, 125 Broadway, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Anthony M. Leone
- Bristol-Myers
Squibb, 311 Pennington-Rocky Hill Road, Pennington, New Jersey 08534, United States
| | - Peiran Liu
- Bristol-Myers
Squibb, 311 Pennington-Rocky Hill Road, Pennington, New Jersey 08534, United States
| | - Richard Ludwig
- Bristol-Myers
Squibb, 311 Pennington-Rocky Hill Road, Pennington, New Jersey 08534, United States
| | - Li Tao
- Bristol-Myers
Squibb, 311 Pennington-Rocky Hill Road, Pennington, New Jersey 08534, United States
| | - Wei Wu
- Bristol-Myers
Squibb, 311 Pennington-Rocky Hill Road, Pennington, New Jersey 08534, United States
| | - Ahmet Cansizoglu
- Charles
River Laboratories, 8
Henshaw Street, Shrewsbury, Massachusetts 01801, United States
| | - Andrew Hanneman
- Charles
River Laboratories, 8
Henshaw Street, Shrewsbury, Massachusetts 01801, United States
| | - Greg W. Adams
- FUJIFILM
Diosynth Biotechnologies, 101 J. Morris Commons Ln, Morrisville, North Carolina 27560, United States
| | - Irina Perdivara
- FUJIFILM
Diosynth Biotechnologies, 101 J. Morris Commons Ln, Morrisville, North Carolina 27560, United States
| | - Hunter Walker
- FUJIFILM
Diosynth Biotechnologies, 101 J. Morris Commons Ln, Morrisville, North Carolina 27560, United States
| | - Margo Wilson
- FUJIFILM
Diosynth Biotechnologies, 101 J. Morris Commons Ln, Morrisville, North Carolina 27560, United States
| | | | - Nick DeGraan-Weber
- Genedata, 750 Marrett Road, One Cranberry
Hill, Lexington, Massachusetts 02421, United States
| | - Stefano Gotta
- Genedata, Margarethenstrasse 38, Basel, 4053, Switzerland
| | - Joe Shambaugh
- Genedata, 750 Marrett Road, One Cranberry
Hill, Lexington, Massachusetts 02421, United States
| | - Melissa Alvarez
- Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - X. Christopher Yu
- Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Li Cao
- GSK, 709
Swedeland Rd, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, United States
| | - Chun Shao
- GSK, 709
Swedeland Rd, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, United States
| | - Andrew Mahan
- Janssen, 1400 McKean Road, Springhouse, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Hirsh Nanda
- Janssen, 1400 McKean Road, Springhouse, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Kristen Nields
- Janssen, 1400 McKean Road, Springhouse, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Nancy Nightlinger
- Just-Evotech
Biologics, Inc., 401
Terry Ave N., Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Ben Niu
- AstraZeneca, One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United
States
| | - Jihong Wang
- AstraZeneca, One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United
States
| | - Wei Xu
- AstraZeneca, One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United
States
| | - Gabriella Leo
- EMD Serono an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, Via Luigi Einaudi 11, Guidonia Montecelio (Roma), 00012, Italy
| | - Nunzio Sepe
- EMD Serono an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, Via Luigi Einaudi 11, Guidonia Montecelio (Roma), 00012, Italy
| | - Yan-Hui Liu
- Merck
& Co., Inc.., 2000 Galloping Hill Rd, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Bhumit A. Patel
- Merck
& Co., Inc.., 2000 Galloping Hill Rd, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Douglas Richardson
- Merck
& Co., Inc.., 2000 Galloping Hill Rd, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Yi Wang
- Merck
& Co., Inc.., 2000 Galloping Hill Rd, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Daniela Tizabi
- National
Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Dr, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Institute
for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, 9600 Gudelsky Dr, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Oleg V. Borisov
- Novavax,
Inc., 20 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Yali Lu
- Novavax,
Inc., 20 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Ernest L. Maynard
- Novavax,
Inc., 20 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Simon Letarte
- Pfizer, 375 N Field Dr, Lake Forest, Illinois 60045, United
States
| | - Sean Shen
- Pfizer, 375 N Field Dr, Lake Forest, Illinois 60045, United
States
| | - Kristin Boggio
- Pfizer, 1 Burtt Rd, Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States
| | - Keith Johnson
- Pfizer, 1 Burtt Rd, Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States
| | - Wenqin Ni
- Pfizer, 1 Burtt Rd, Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States
| | - Himakshi Patel
- Pfizer, 1 Burtt Rd, Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States
| | - David Ripley
- Pfizer, 1 Burtt Rd, Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States
| | - Jason C. Rouse
- Pfizer, 1 Burtt Rd, Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States
| | - Ying Zhang
- Pfizer, 1 Burtt Rd, Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States
| | - Carly Daniels
- Pfizer, 700 Chesterfield
Pkwy West, Chesterfield, Missouri 63017, United
States
| | - Andrew Dawdy
- Pfizer, 700 Chesterfield
Pkwy West, Chesterfield, Missouri 63017, United
States
| | - Olga Friese
- Pfizer, 700 Chesterfield
Pkwy West, Chesterfield, Missouri 63017, United
States
| | - Thomas W. Powers
- Pfizer, 700 Chesterfield
Pkwy West, Chesterfield, Missouri 63017, United
States
| | - Justin B. Sperry
- Pfizer, 700 Chesterfield
Pkwy West, Chesterfield, Missouri 63017, United
States
| | - Josh Woods
- Pfizer, 700 Chesterfield
Pkwy West, Chesterfield, Missouri 63017, United
States
| | - Eric Carlson
- Protein
Metrics, Inc., 20863
Stevens Creek Blvd, Cupertino, California 95014, United States
| | - K. Ilker Sen
- Protein
Metrics, Inc., 20863
Stevens Creek Blvd, Cupertino, California 95014, United States
| | - St John Skilton
- Protein
Metrics, Inc., 20863
Stevens Creek Blvd, Cupertino, California 95014, United States
| | - Michelle Busch
- Sanofi, 1 The Mountain Rd, Framingham, Massachusetts 01701, United States
| | - Anders Lund
- Sanofi, 1 The Mountain Rd, Framingham, Massachusetts 01701, United States
| | - Martha Stapels
- Sanofi, 1 The Mountain Rd, Framingham, Massachusetts 01701, United States
| | - Xu Guo
- SCIEX, 71 Four Valley Drive, Concord, ON L4K
4V8, Canada
| | | | | | - Sean McCarthy
- SCIEX, 500 Old Connecticut Path, Framingham, Massachusetts 01701, United States
| | - John Kim
- Teva, 145 Brandywine Pkwy, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380, United States
| | - Jing Zhen
- Teva, 145 Brandywine Pkwy, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380, United States
| | - Ying Zhou
- Teva, 145 Brandywine Pkwy, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380, United States
| | - Sarah Rogstad
- U.S. Food
and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Xiaoshi Wang
- U.S. Food
and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Jing Fang
- Waters, 34 Maple St, Milford, Massachusetts 01757, United States
| | - Weibin Chen
- Waters, 34 Maple St, Milford, Massachusetts 01757, United States
| | - Ying Qing Yu
- Waters, 34 Maple St, Milford, Massachusetts 01757, United States
| | | | - Rebecca Scott
- Zoetis, 333 Portage St, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49007, United
States
| | - Hua Yuan
- Zoetis, 333 Portage St, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49007, United
States
| |
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2
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Mouchahoir T, Schiel JE, Rogers R, Heckert A, Place BJ, Ammerman A, Li X, Robinson T, Schmidt B, Chumsae CM, Li X, Manuilov AV, Yan B, Staples GO, Ren D, Veach AJ, Wang D, Yared W, Sosic Z, Wang Y, Zang L, Leone AM, Liu P, Ludwig R, Tao L, Wu W, Cansizoglu A, Hanneman A, Adams GW, Perdivara I, Walker H, Wilson M, Brandenburg A, DeGraan-Weber N, Gotta S, Shambaugh J, Alvarez M, Yu XC, Cao L, Shao C, Mahan A, Nanda H, Nields K, Nightlinger N, Barysz HM, Jahn M, Niu B, Wang J, Leo G, Sepe N, Liu YH, Patel BA, Richardson D, Wang Y, Tizabi D, Borisov OV, Lu Y, Maynard EL, Gruhler A, Haselmann KF, Krogh TN, Sönksen CP, Letarte S, Shen S, Boggio K, Johnson K, Ni W, Patel H, Ripley D, Rouse JC, Zhang Y, Daniels C, Dawdy A, Friese O, Powers TW, Sperry JB, Woods J, Carlson E, Sen KI, Skilton SJ, Busch M, Lund A, Stapels M, Guo X, Heidelberger S, Kaluarachchi H, McCarthy S, Kim J, Zhen J, Zhou Y, Rogstad S, Wang X, Fang J, Chen W, Yu YQ, Hoogerheide JG, Scott R, Yuan H. New Peak Detection Performance Metrics from the MAM Consortium Interlaboratory Study. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2021; 32:913-928. [PMID: 33710905 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The Multi-Attribute Method (MAM) Consortium was initially formed as a venue to harmonize best practices, share experiences, and generate innovative methodologies to facilitate widespread integration of the MAM platform, which is an emerging ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry application. Successful implementation of MAM as a purity-indicating assay requires new peak detection (NPD) of potential process- and/or product-related impurities. The NPD interlaboratory study described herein was carried out by the MAM Consortium to report on the industry-wide performance of NPD using predigested samples of the NISTmAb Reference Material 8671. Results from 28 participating laboratories show that the NPD parameters being utilized across the industry are representative of high-resolution MS performance capabilities. Certain elements of NPD, including common sources of variability in the number of new peaks detected, that are critical to the performance of the purity function of MAM were identified in this study and are reported here as a means to further refine the methodology and accelerate adoption into manufacturer-specific protein therapeutic product life cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trina Mouchahoir
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - John E Schiel
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Rich Rogers
- Just - Evotech Biologics, 401 Terry Avenue N, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | - Alan Heckert
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Benjamin J Place
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Aaron Ammerman
- AbbVie, 1500 Seaport Boulevard, Redwood City, California 94063, United States
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- AbbVie, 1500 Seaport Boulevard, Redwood City, California 94063, United States
| | - Tom Robinson
- AbbVie, 1500 Seaport Boulevard, Redwood City, California 94063, United States
| | - Brian Schmidt
- AbbVie, 1500 Seaport Boulevard, Redwood City, California 94063, United States
| | - Chris M Chumsae
- AbbVie, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Xinbi Li
- AbbVie, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Anton V Manuilov
- AbbVie, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Bo Yan
- AbbVie, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, United States
| | - Gregory O Staples
- Agilent Technologies, 5301 Stevens Creek Boulevard, Santa Clara, California 95008, United States
| | - Da Ren
- Amgen, One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Alexander J Veach
- Amgen, One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Dongdong Wang
- BioAnalytix, 790 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Wael Yared
- BioAnalytix, 790 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Zoran Sosic
- Biogen, 125 Broadway, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Yan Wang
- Biogen, 125 Broadway, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Li Zang
- Biogen, 125 Broadway, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Anthony M Leone
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, 311 Pennington-Rocky Hill Road, Pennington, New Jersey 08534, United States
| | - Peiran Liu
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, 311 Pennington-Rocky Hill Road, Pennington, New Jersey 08534, United States
| | - Richard Ludwig
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, 311 Pennington-Rocky Hill Road, Pennington, New Jersey 08534, United States
| | - Li Tao
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, 311 Pennington-Rocky Hill Road, Pennington, New Jersey 08534, United States
| | - Wei Wu
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, 311 Pennington-Rocky Hill Road, Pennington, New Jersey 08534, United States
| | - Ahmet Cansizoglu
- Charles River Laboratories, 8 Henshaw Street, Shrewsbury, Massachusetts 01801, United States
| | - Andrew Hanneman
- Charles River Laboratories, 8 Henshaw Street, Shrewsbury, Massachusetts 01801, United States
| | - Greg W Adams
- FUJIFILM Diosynth Biotechnologies, 101 J. Morris Commons Lane, Morrisville, North Carolina 27560, United States
| | - Irina Perdivara
- FUJIFILM Diosynth Biotechnologies, 101 J. Morris Commons Lane, Morrisville, North Carolina 27560, United States
| | - Hunter Walker
- FUJIFILM Diosynth Biotechnologies, 101 J. Morris Commons Lane, Morrisville, North Carolina 27560, United States
| | - Margo Wilson
- FUJIFILM Diosynth Biotechnologies, 101 J. Morris Commons Lane, Morrisville, North Carolina 27560, United States
| | | | - Nick DeGraan-Weber
- Genedata, 750 Marrett Road, One Cranberry Hill, Lexington, Massachusetts 02421, United States
| | - Stefano Gotta
- Genedata, Margarethenstrasse 38, Basel 4053, Switzerland
| | - Joe Shambaugh
- Genedata, 750 Marrett Road, One Cranberry Hill, Lexington, Massachusetts 02421, United States
| | - Melissa Alvarez
- Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - X Christopher Yu
- Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Li Cao
- GSK, 709 Swedeland Road, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, United States
| | - Chun Shao
- GSK, 709 Swedeland Road, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, United States
| | - Andrew Mahan
- Janssen, 1400 McKean Road, Springhouse, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Hirsh Nanda
- Janssen, 1400 McKean Road, Springhouse, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Kristen Nields
- Janssen, 1400 McKean Road, Springhouse, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Nancy Nightlinger
- Just - Evotech Biologics, 401 Terry Avenue N, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
| | | | - Michael Jahn
- Lonza, Hochbergerstrasse 60 A, Basel 4057, Switzerland
| | - Ben Niu
- AstraZeneca, One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Jihong Wang
- AstraZeneca, One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Gabriella Leo
- EMD Serono, an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, Via Luigi Einaudi 11, Guidonia Montecelio (Roma) 00012, Italy
| | - Nunzio Sepe
- EMD Serono, an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, Via Luigi Einaudi 11, Guidonia Montecelio (Roma) 00012, Italy
| | - Yan-Hui Liu
- Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Roa, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Bhumit A Patel
- Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Roa, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Douglas Richardson
- Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Roa, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Yi Wang
- Merck & Co., Inc., 2000 Galloping Hill Roa, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Daniela Tizabi
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Oleg V Borisov
- Novavax, Inc., 20 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Yali Lu
- Novavax, Inc., 20 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Ernest L Maynard
- Novavax, Inc., 20 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Simon Letarte
- Pfizer, 375 North Field Drive, Lake Forest, Illinois 60045, United States
| | - Sean Shen
- Pfizer, 375 North Field Drive, Lake Forest, Illinois 60045, United States
| | - Kristin Boggio
- Pfizer, 1 Burtt Road, Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States
| | - Keith Johnson
- Pfizer, 1 Burtt Road, Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States
| | - Wenqin Ni
- Pfizer, 1 Burtt Road, Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States
| | - Himakshi Patel
- Pfizer, 1 Burtt Road, Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States
| | - David Ripley
- Pfizer, 1 Burtt Road, Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States
| | - Jason C Rouse
- Pfizer, 1 Burtt Road, Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States
| | - Ying Zhang
- Pfizer, 1 Burtt Road, Andover, Massachusetts 01810, United States
| | - Carly Daniels
- Pfizer, 700 Chesterfield Parkway West, Chesterfield, Missouri 63017, United States
| | - Andrew Dawdy
- Pfizer, 700 Chesterfield Parkway West, Chesterfield, Missouri 63017, United States
| | - Olga Friese
- Pfizer, 700 Chesterfield Parkway West, Chesterfield, Missouri 63017, United States
| | - Thomas W Powers
- Pfizer, 700 Chesterfield Parkway West, Chesterfield, Missouri 63017, United States
| | - Justin B Sperry
- Pfizer, 700 Chesterfield Parkway West, Chesterfield, Missouri 63017, United States
| | - Josh Woods
- Pfizer, 700 Chesterfield Parkway West, Chesterfield, Missouri 63017, United States
| | - Eric Carlson
- Protein Metrics, Inc., 20863 Stevens Creek Boulevard, Cupertino, California 95014, United States
| | - K Ilker Sen
- Protein Metrics, Inc., 20863 Stevens Creek Boulevard, Cupertino, California 95014, United States
| | - St John Skilton
- Protein Metrics, Inc., 20863 Stevens Creek Boulevard, Cupertino, California 95014, United States
| | - Michelle Busch
- Sanofi, 1 The Mountain Road, Framingham, Massachusetts 01701, United States
| | - Anders Lund
- Sanofi, 1 The Mountain Road, Framingham, Massachusetts 01701, United States
| | - Martha Stapels
- Sanofi, 1 The Mountain Road, Framingham, Massachusetts 01701, United States
| | - Xu Guo
- SCIEX, 71 Four Valley Drive, Concord, ON L4K 4 V8, Canada
| | | | | | - Sean McCarthy
- SCIEX, 500 Old Connecticut Path, Framingham, Massachusetts 01701, United States
| | - John Kim
- Teva, 145 Brandywine Pkwy, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380, United States
| | - Jing Zhen
- Teva, 145 Brandywine Pkwy, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380, United States
| | - Ying Zhou
- Teva, 145 Brandywine Pkwy, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380, United States
| | - Sarah Rogstad
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Xiaoshi Wang
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Jing Fang
- Waters, 34 Maple Street, Milford, Massachusetts 01757, United States
| | - Weibin Chen
- Waters, 34 Maple Street, Milford, Massachusetts 01757, United States
| | - Ying Qing Yu
- Waters, 34 Maple Street, Milford, Massachusetts 01757, United States
| | | | - Rebecca Scott
- Zoetis, 333 Portage Street, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49007, United States
| | - Hua Yuan
- Zoetis, 333 Portage Street, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49007, United States
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3
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Krueger S, Curtis JE, Scott DR, Grishaev A, Glenn G, Smith G, Ellingsworth L, Borisov O, Maynard EL. Structural Characterization and Modeling of a Respiratory Syncytial Virus Fusion Glycoprotein Nanoparticle Vaccine in Solution. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:359-376. [PMID: 33322901 PMCID: PMC10467610 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) fusion (F) protein/polysorbate 80 (PS80) nanoparticle vaccine is the most clinically advanced vaccine for maternal immunization and protection of newborns against RSV infection. It is composed of a near-full-length RSV F glycoprotein, with an intact membrane domain, formulated into a stable nanoparticle with PS80 detergent. To understand the structural basis for the efficacy of the vaccine, a comprehensive study of its structure and hydrodynamic properties in solution was performed. Small-angle neutron scattering experiments indicate that the nanoparticle contains an average of 350 PS80 molecules, which form a cylindrical micellar core structure and five RSV F trimers that are arranged around the long axis of the PS80 core. All-atom models of full-length RSV F trimers were built from crystal structures of the soluble ectodomain and arranged around the long axis of the PS80 core, allowing for the generation of an ensemble of conformations that agree with small-angle neutron and X-ray scattering data as well as transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. Furthermore, the hydrodynamic size of the RSV F nanoparticle was found to be modulated by the molar ratio of PS80 to protein, suggesting a mechanism for nanoparticle assembly involving addition of RSV F trimers to and growth along the long axis of the PS80 core. This study provides structural details of antigen presentation and conformation in the RSV F nanoparticle vaccine, helping to explain the induction of broad immunity and observed clinical efficacy. Small-angle scattering methods provide a general strategy to visualize surface glycoproteins from other pathogens and to structurally characterize nanoparticle vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Krueger
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Joseph E Curtis
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Daniel R Scott
- Novavax, Inc., 21 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Alexander Grishaev
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Greg Glenn
- Novavax, Inc., 21 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Gale Smith
- Novavax, Inc., 21 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Larry Ellingsworth
- Novavax, Inc., 21 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Oleg Borisov
- Novavax, Inc., 21 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
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4
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Zhao H, Ghirlando R, Alfonso C, Arisaka F, Attali I, Bain DL, Bakhtina MM, Becker DF, Bedwell GJ, Bekdemir A, Besong TMD, Birck C, Brautigam CA, Brennerman W, Byron O, Bzowska A, Chaires JB, Chaton CT, Cölfen H, Connaghan KD, Crowley KA, Curth U, Daviter T, Dean WL, Díez AI, Ebel C, Eckert DM, Eisele LE, Eisenstein E, England P, Escalante C, Fagan JA, Fairman R, Finn RM, Fischle W, de la Torre JG, Gor J, Gustafsson H, Hall D, Harding SE, Cifre JGH, Herr AB, Howell EE, Isaac RS, Jao SC, Jose D, Kim SJ, Kokona B, Kornblatt JA, Kosek D, Krayukhina E, Krzizike D, Kusznir EA, Kwon H, Larson A, Laue TM, Le Roy A, Leech AP, Lilie H, Luger K, Luque-Ortega JR, Ma J, May CA, Maynard EL, Modrak-Wojcik A, Mok YF, Mücke N, Nagel-Steger L, Narlikar GJ, Noda M, Nourse A, Obsil T, Park CK, Park JK, Pawelek PD, Perdue EE, Perkins SJ, Perugini MA, Peterson CL, Peverelli MG, Piszczek G, Prag G, Prevelige PE, Raynal BDE, Rezabkova L, Richter K, Ringel AE, Rosenberg R, Rowe AJ, Rufer AC, Scott DJ, Seravalli JG, Solovyova AS, Song R, Staunton D, Stoddard C, Stott K, Strauss HM, Streicher WW, Sumida JP, Swygert SG, Szczepanowski RH, Tessmer I, Toth RT, Tripathy A, Uchiyama S, Uebel SFW, Unzai S, Gruber AV, von Hippel PH, Wandrey C, Wang SH, Weitzel SE, Wielgus-Kutrowska B, Wolberger C, Wolff M, Wright E, Wu YS, Wubben JM, Schuck P. A multilaboratory comparison of calibration accuracy and the performance of external references in analytical ultracentrifugation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126420. [PMID: 25997164 PMCID: PMC4440767 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) is a first principles based method to determine absolute sedimentation coefficients and buoyant molar masses of macromolecules and their complexes, reporting on their size and shape in free solution. The purpose of this multi-laboratory study was to establish the precision and accuracy of basic data dimensions in AUC and validate previously proposed calibration techniques. Three kits of AUC cell assemblies containing radial and temperature calibration tools and a bovine serum albumin (BSA) reference sample were shared among 67 laboratories, generating 129 comprehensive data sets. These allowed for an assessment of many parameters of instrument performance, including accuracy of the reported scan time after the start of centrifugation, the accuracy of the temperature calibration, and the accuracy of the radial magnification. The range of sedimentation coefficients obtained for BSA monomer in different instruments and using different optical systems was from 3.655 S to 4.949 S, with a mean and standard deviation of (4.304 ± 0.188) S (4.4%). After the combined application of correction factors derived from the external calibration references for elapsed time, scan velocity, temperature, and radial magnification, the range of s-values was reduced 7-fold with a mean of 4.325 S and a 6-fold reduced standard deviation of ± 0.030 S (0.7%). In addition, the large data set provided an opportunity to determine the instrument-to-instrument variation of the absolute radial positions reported in the scan files, the precision of photometric or refractometric signal magnitudes, and the precision of the calculated apparent molar mass of BSA monomer and the fraction of BSA dimers. These results highlight the necessity and effectiveness of independent calibration of basic AUC data dimensions for reliable quantitative studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaying Zhao
- Dynamics of Macromolecular Assembly Section, Laboratory of Cellular Imaging and Macromolecular Biophysics, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Rodolfo Ghirlando
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Carlos Alfonso
- Analytical Ultracentrifugacion and Light Scattering Facility, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Fumio Arisaka
- Life Science Research Center, Nihon University, College of Bioresource Science, Fujisawa, 252–0880, Japan
| | - Ilan Attali
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - David L. Bain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, 80045, United States of America
| | - Marina M. Bakhtina
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Retrovirus Research, and Center for RNA Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, United States of America
| | - Donald F. Becker
- Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68588, United States of America
| | - Gregory J. Bedwell
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, 35294, United States of America
| | - Ahmet Bekdemir
- Supramolecular Nanomaterials and Interfaces Laboratory, Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Tabot M. D. Besong
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics, University of Nottingham, School of Biosciences, Sutton Bonington, LE12 5RD, United Kingdom
| | | | - Chad A. Brautigam
- Department of Biophysics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, 75390, United States of America
| | - William Brennerman
- Beckman Coulter, Inc., Life Science Division, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46268, United States of America
| | - Olwyn Byron
- School of Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G37TT, United Kingdom
| | - Agnieszka Bzowska
- Division of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, 02–089, Poland
| | - Jonathan B. Chaires
- JG Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, 40202, United States of America
| | - Catherine T. Chaton
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267, United States of America
| | - Helmut Cölfen
- Physical Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Keith D. Connaghan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, 80045, United States of America
| | - Kimberly A. Crowley
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, 01605, United States of America
| | - Ute Curth
- Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tina Daviter
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology Biophysics Centre, Birkbeck, University of London and University College London, London, WC1E 7HX, United Kingdom
| | - William L. Dean
- JG Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, 40202, United States of America
| | - Ana I. Díez
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Murcia, Murcia, 30071, Spain
| | - Christine Ebel
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, IBS, F-38044, Grenoble, France
- CNRS, IBS, F-38044, Grenoble, France
- CEA, IBS, F-38044, Grenoble, France
| | - Debra M. Eckert
- Protein Interactions Core, Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112, United States of America
| | - Leslie E. Eisele
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, 12208, United States of America
| | - Edward Eisenstein
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, Rockville, Maryland, 20850, United States of America
| | - Patrick England
- Institut Pasteur, Centre of Biophysics of Macromolecules and Their Interactions, Paris, 75724, France
| | - Carlos Escalante
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, 23220, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey A. Fagan
- Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20899, United States of America
| | - Robert Fairman
- Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, 19041, United States of America
| | - Ron M. Finn
- Laboratory of Chromatin Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Fischle
- Laboratory of Chromatin Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Jayesh Gor
- Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, Darwin Building, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | | | - Damien Hall
- Research School of Chemistry, Section on Biological Chemistry, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT 0200, Australia
| | - Stephen E. Harding
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics, University of Nottingham, School of Biosciences, Sutton Bonington, LE12 5RD, United Kingdom
| | | | - Andrew B. Herr
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth E. Howell
- Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996–0840, United States of America
| | - Richard S. Isaac
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94158, United States of America
- Tetrad Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94158, United States of America
| | - Shu-Chuan Jao
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
- Biophysics Core Facility, Scientific Instrument Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Davis Jose
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403, United States of America
| | - Soon-Jong Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Mokpo National University, Muan, 534–729, Korea
| | - Bashkim Kokona
- Department of Biology, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania, 19041, United States of America
| | - Jack A. Kornblatt
- Enzyme Research Group, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Dalibor Kosek
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, 12843, Czech Republic
| | - Elena Krayukhina
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565–0871, Japan
| | - Daniel Krzizike
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523, United States of America
| | - Eric A. Kusznir
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-LaRoche Ltd., Basel, 4070, Switzerland
| | - Hyewon Kwon
- Analytical Biopharmacy Core, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195, United States of America
| | - Adam Larson
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94158, United States of America
- Tetrad Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94158, United States of America
| | - Thomas M. Laue
- Department of Biochemistry, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, 03824, United States of America
| | - Aline Le Roy
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, IBS, F-38044, Grenoble, France
- CNRS, IBS, F-38044, Grenoble, France
- CEA, IBS, F-38044, Grenoble, France
| | - Andrew P. Leech
- Technology Facility, Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Hauke Lilie
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Karolin Luger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523, United States of America
| | - Juan R. Luque-Ortega
- Analytical Ultracentrifugacion and Light Scattering Facility, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Jia Ma
- Dynamics of Macromolecular Assembly Section, Laboratory of Cellular Imaging and Macromolecular Biophysics, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Carrie A. May
- Department of Biochemistry, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, 03824, United States of America
| | - Ernest L. Maynard
- Department of Biochemistry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, 20814, United States of America
| | - Anna Modrak-Wojcik
- Division of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, 02–089, Poland
| | - Yee-Foong Mok
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Instute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Victoria, Australia
| | - Norbert Mücke
- Biophysics of Macromolecules, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | | | - Geeta J. Narlikar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94158, United States of America
| | - Masanori Noda
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565–0871, Japan
| | - Amanda Nourse
- Molecular Interaction Analysis Shared Resource, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, 38105, United States of America
| | - Tomas Obsil
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, 12843, Czech Republic
| | - Chad K. Park
- Analytical Biophysics & Materials Characterization, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721, United States of America
| | - Jin-Ku Park
- Central Instrument Center, Mokpo National University, Muan, 534–729, Korea
| | - Peter D. Pawelek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Erby E. Perdue
- Beckman Coulter, Inc., Life Science Division, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46268, United States of America
| | - Stephen J. Perkins
- Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, Darwin Building, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew A. Perugini
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Craig L. Peterson
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, 01605, United States of America
| | - Martin G. Peverelli
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Grzegorz Piszczek
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
| | - Gali Prag
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Peter E. Prevelige
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, 35294, United States of America
| | - Bertrand D. E. Raynal
- Institut Pasteur, Centre of Biophysics of Macromolecules and Their Interactions, Paris, 75724, France
| | - Lenka Rezabkova
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Department of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Richter
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Alison E. Ringel
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, United States of America
| | - Rose Rosenberg
- Physical Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Arthur J. Rowe
- National Centre for Macromolecular Hydrodynamics, University of Nottingham, School of Biosciences, Sutton Bonington, LE12 5RD, United Kingdom
| | - Arne C. Rufer
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-LaRoche Ltd., Basel, 4070, Switzerland
| | - David J. Scott
- Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxfordshire, OX11 0FA, United Kingdom
| | - Javier G. Seravalli
- Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68588, United States of America
| | - Alexandra S. Solovyova
- Proteome and Protein Analysis, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Renjie Song
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, 12208, United States of America
| | - David Staunton
- Molecular Biophysics Suite, Department of Biochemistry, Oxford, Oxon, OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
| | - Caitlin Stoddard
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94158, United States of America
- Tetrad Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94158, United States of America
| | - Katherine Stott
- Biochemistry Department, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, United Kingdom
| | | | - Werner W. Streicher
- Protein Function and Interactions, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark
| | - John P. Sumida
- Analytical Biopharmacy Core, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195, United States of America
| | - Sarah G. Swygert
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, 01605, United States of America
| | - Roman H. Szczepanowski
- Core Facility, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, 02–109, Poland
| | - Ingrid Tessmer
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ronald T. Toth
- Macromolecule and Vaccine Stabilization Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, 66047, United States of America
| | - Ashutosh Tripathy
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States of America
| | - Susumu Uchiyama
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565–0871, Japan
| | - Stephan F. W. Uebel
- Biochemistry Core Facility, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Satoru Unzai
- Drug Design Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, 230–0045, Japan
| | - Anna Vitlin Gruber
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Peter H. von Hippel
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403, United States of America
| | - Christine Wandrey
- Laboratoire de Médecine Régénérative et de Pharmacobiologie, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Szu-Huan Wang
- Biophysics Core Facility, Scientific Instrument Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Steven E. Weitzel
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403, United States of America
| | - Beata Wielgus-Kutrowska
- Division of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, 02–089, Poland
| | - Cynthia Wolberger
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, United States of America
| | - Martin Wolff
- ICS-6, Structural Biochemistry, Research Center Juelich, 52428, Juelich, Germany
| | - Edward Wright
- Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology Department, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996–0840, United States of America
| | - Yu-Sung Wu
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, 19716, United States of America
| | - Jacinta M. Wubben
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Peter Schuck
- Dynamics of Macromolecular Assembly Section, Laboratory of Cellular Imaging and Macromolecular Biophysics, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Ghimire-Rijal S, Maynard EL. Comparative thermodynamic analysis of zinc binding to the His/Cys motif in virion infectivity factor. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:4295-302. [PMID: 24735396 DOI: 10.1021/ic402907g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
HIV-1 virion infectivity factor (Vif) is an accessory protein that induces the proteasomal degradation of the host restriction factor, apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3G (APOBEC3G). Degradation of APOBEC3G requires the interaction of Vif with Cul5, the scaffold for an E3 ubiquitin ligase. A highly conserved region in HIV-1 Vif termed the HCCH motif binds zinc and is critical for recruitment of Cul5 and degradation of APOBEC3G. To gain thermodynamic and mechanistic insight into zinc binding to diverse Vif proteins, we have employed a combination of isothermal titration calorimetry, analytical ultracentrifugation, and Cul5 pull down assays. The proton linkage of zinc binding to HIV-1 Vif was analyzed under different buffer conditions and consistent with the release of two Cys-thiol protons upon zinc binding, supporting earlier EXAFS studies. Zinc binding to Vif proteins from HIV-1, SIVAgm, HIV-2, and SIVMac followed a trend in which the enthalpy of zinc binding became less favorable and the entropy of zinc binding became more favorable. Using AUC, we determined that zinc induced oligomerization of Vif proteins from HIV-1 and SIVAgm but had little or no effect on the oligomeric properties of Vif proteins from HIV-2 and SIVMac. The zinc dependence of Cul5 recruitment by Vif was investigated. All Vif proteins except HIV-2 Vif required zinc to stabilize the interaction with Cul5. The trends in enthalpy-entropy compensation, zinc-induced oligomerization, and Cul5 recruitment are discussed in terms of the apo conformation of the HCCH motif and the role of zinc in stabilizing the structure of Vif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipa Ghimire-Rijal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4799 United States
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Gilbreath JJ, Pich OQ, Benoit SL, Besold AN, Cha JH, Maier RJ, Michel SLJ, Maynard EL, Merrell DS. Random and site-specific mutagenesis of the Helicobacter pylori ferric uptake regulator provides insight into Fur structure-function relationships. Mol Microbiol 2013; 89:304-23. [PMID: 23710935 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.12278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The ferric uptake regulator (Fur) of Helicobacter pylori is a global regulator that is important for colonization and survival within the gastric mucosa. H. pylori Fur is unique in its ability to activate and repress gene expression in both the iron-bound (Fe-Fur) and apo forms (apo-Fur). In the current study we combined random and site-specific mutagenesis to identify amino acid residues important for both Fe-Fur and apo-Fur function. We identified 25 mutations that affected Fe-Fur repression and 23 mutations that affected apo-Fur repression, as determined by transcriptional analyses of the Fe-Fur target gene amiE, and the apo-Fur target gene, pfr. In addition, eight of these mutations also significantly affected levels of Fur in the cell. Based on regulatory phenotypes, we selected several representative mutations to characterize further. Of those selected, we purified the wild-type (HpFurWT) and three mutant Fur proteins (HpFurE5A, HpFurA92T and HpFurH134Y), which represent mutations in the N-terminal extension, the regulatory metal binding site (S2) and the structural metal binding site (S3) respectively. Purified proteins were evaluated for secondary structure by circular dichroism spectroscopy, iron-binding by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, oligomerization in manganese-substituted and apo conditions by in vitro cross-linking assays, and DNA binding to Fe-Fur and apo-Fur target sequences by fluorescence anisotropy. The results showed that the N-terminal, S2 and S3 regions play distinct roles in terms of Fur structure-function relationships. Overall, these studies provide novel information regarding the role of these residues in Fur function, and provide mechanistic insight into how H. pylori Fur regulates gene expression in both the iron-bound and apo forms of the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy J Gilbreath
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
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7
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Abstract
HIV-1 Vif is an accessory protein that induces the proteasomal degradation of the host restriction factor, apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3G (APOBEC3G). The N-terminal half of Vif binds to APOBEC3G, and the C-terminal half binds to subunits of a cullin 5-based ubiquitin ligase. This Vif-directed ubiquitin ligase induces the degradation of APOBEC3G (a cytidine deaminase) and thereby protects the viral genome from mutation. A conserved PPLP motif near the C-terminus of Vif is essential for Vif function and is also involved in Vif oligomerization. However, the mechanism and functional significance of Vif oligomerization is unclear. We employed analytical ultracentrifugation to examine the oligomeric properties of Vif in solution. Contrary to previous reports, we find that Vif oligomerization does not require the conserved PPLP motif. Instead, our data suggest a more complex mechanism involving interactions among the HCCH motif, the BC box, and downstream residues in Vif. Mutation of residues near the PPLP motif (S165 and V166) affected the oligomeric properties of Vif and weakened the ability of Vif to bind and induce the degradation of APOBEC3G. We propose that Vif oligomerization may represent a mechanism for regulating interactions with APOBEC3G.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M Techtmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, United States
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8
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Giri K, Strebel K, Maynard EL. Biochemical and Biophysical Investigation of the Molecular Determinants of HIV-1 Vif Packaging. Biophys J 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2010.12.1482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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9
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Abstract
Virion infectivity factor (Vif) is an HIV accessory protein that is essential for the infection of CD4(+) T cells. Vif recruits a Cullin 5 (Cul5)-based ubiquitin ligase that targets a host cytidine deaminase, apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3G (APOBEC3G), for proteasomal degradation. The Vif N-terminus binds APOBEC3G, and the C-terminus interacts with the Cul5-based ubiquitin ligase machinery. Within the C-terminus, a highly conserved H(108)-X(5)-C(114)-X(17-18)-C(133)-X(3-5)-H(139) (HCCH) motif binds zinc and is implicated in the Vif-Cul5 interaction. We have employed the biomimetic peptide HCCHp (HIV-1 Vif amino acids 101-142) in order to determine the zinc ligands and investigate the role of zinc binding in Cul5 recognition. Using CD spectroscopy, a competitive zinc binding assay, and a light scattering assay, we found that mutation of the conserved His and Cys residues in HCCHp had little effect on secondary structure but reduced zinc binding affinity and altered the aggregation properties of the peptides. X-ray absorption spectroscopy was used to study zinc coordination in wild-type HCCHp. The data are consistent with S(2)N(imid)(2) coordination and strongly suggest that His-108, Cys-114, Cys-133, and His-139 are zinc ligands. Mutation of one or both conserved Cys residues in HCCHp led to a decrease in Cys ligation, and an increase in the number of (N, O) ligands, with noninteger coordination numbers suggesting zinc site heterogeneity. A purified fragment of human Cul5 was found to inhibit zinc-induced aggregation of HCCHp, and pull-down experiments revealed that zinc binding to HCCHp increases the strength of the HCCHp-Cul5 interaction by 8-fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyan Giri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA
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Maynard EL, Berg JM. Quantitative analysis of peroxisomal targeting signal type-1 binding to wild-type and pathogenic mutants of Pex5p supports an affinity threshold for peroxisomal protein targeting. J Mol Biol 2007; 368:1259-66. [PMID: 17399738 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2007.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2006] [Accepted: 03/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisomal biogenesis disorders (PBDs) are caused by mutations in 12 distinct genes that encode the components of the peroxisome assembly machinery. Three mutations in the gene encoding Pex5p, the peroxisomal targeting signal type-1 (PTS1) receptor, have been reported, each associated with a disorder of the Zellweger spectrum of different severity. Here, we report studies of the affinities of mutated forms of Pex5p for a series of PTS1 peptides and conclude that PTS1-affinity reductions are correlated with disease severity and cell biological phenotype. A quantitative model has been developed that allows estimation of the dissociation constants for complexes with a wide range of PTS1 sequences bound to wild-type and mutant Pex5p. In the context of this model, the binding measurements suggest that no PTS1-containing proteins are targeted by Pex5p(N489K) and only a relatively small subset of PTS1-containing proteins with the highest affinity for Pex5p are targeted to peroxisomes by Pex5p(S563W). Furthermore, the results of the analysis are consistent with an approximate dissociation constant threshold near 500 nM required for efficient protein targeting to peroxisomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest L Maynard
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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12
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Paul I, Cui J, Maynard EL. Zinc binding to the HCCH motif of HIV-1 virion infectivity factor induces a conformational change that mediates protein-protein interactions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:18475-80. [PMID: 17132731 PMCID: PMC1693687 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0604150103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Virion infectivity factor (Vif) is an accessory protein encoded by HIV-1 and is critical for viral infection of the host CD4(+) T cell population. Vif induces ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of Apo3G, a cytosolic cytidine deaminase that otherwise targets the retroviral genome. Interaction of Vif with the cellular Cullin5-based E3 ubiquitin ligase requires a conserved BC box and upstream residues that are part of the conserved H-(Xaa)(5)-C-(Xaa)(17-18)-C-(Xaa)(3-5)-H (HCCH) motif. The HCCH motif is involved in stabilizing the Vif-Cullin 5 interaction, but the exact role of the conserved His and Cys residues remains elusive. In this report, we find that full-length HIV-1 Vif, as well as a HCCH peptide, is capable of binding to zinc with high specificity. Zinc binding induces a conformational change that leads to the formation of large protein aggregates. EDTA reversed aggregation and regenerated the apoprotein conformation. Cysteine modification studies with the HCCH peptide suggest that C114 is critical for stabilizing the fold of the apopeptide, and that C133 is located in a solvent-exposed region with no definite secondary structure. Selective alkylation of C133 reduced metal-binding specificity of the HCCH peptide, allowing cobalt to bind with rates comparable to that with zinc. This study demonstrates that the HCCH motif of HIV-1 Vif is a unique metal-binding domain capable of mediating protein-protein interactions in the presence of zinc and adds to a growing list of examples in which metal ion binding induces protein misfolding and/or aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrani Paul
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814
| | - Jian Cui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814
| | - Ernest L. Maynard
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814
- *To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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13
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Abstract
The majority of proteins targeted to the peroxisomal lumen contain a C-terminal peroxisomal targeting signal-1 (PTS1) that is bound by the peroxin Pex5p. The PTS1 is generally regarded as a C-terminal tripeptide that adheres to the consensus (S/A/C)(K/R/H)(L/M). Previously, we studied the binding affinity of peptides of the form YQX(-3)X(-2)X(-1) to the peptide-binding domain of human Pex5p (referred to as Pex5p-C). Optimal affinity was found for YQSKL, which bound with an affinity of 200 +/- 40 nM. To extend this work, we investigated the properties of a peptide containing the last 9 residues of acyl-CoA oxidase (RHYLKPLQSKL) and discovered that it binds to Pex5p-C with a dissociation constant of 1.4 +/- 0.4 nM, 180 times tighter than YQSKL. Further analysis revealed that the enhanced affinity is primarily due to the presence of leucine in the (-5) position. In addition, a peptide corresponding to the luciferase C-terminus (YKGGKSKL) was found to bind Pex5p-C about 20 times tighter than YQSKL. The majority of this effect results from having lysine in position (-4). Catalase contains a noncanonical PTS1 (-AREKANL). The affinity of YQANL was found to be 3600 +/- 400 nM. This relatively weak binding is consistent with previous unsuccessful attempts to direct chloramphenicol acetyltransferase to the peroxisome by fusing -ANL to its C-terminus (-GGA-ANL). The peptides YKANL, YEKANL, YREKANL, and YAREKANL all bound Pex5p-C with higher affinities than did YQANL, but the affinities are still lower than peptides that correspond to functional targeting signals in other contexts. Because both catalase and Pex5p are tetramers (as opposed to the monomeric Pex5p-C and the peptides used in our studies), multidentate effects on binding affinity between Pex5p and other oligomeric proteins should be considered. Our study provides direct thermodynamic data revealing that peptide binding to Pex5p-C binding is favored by lysine in the (-4) position and leucine in the (-5) position. Our results suggest that peptides or proteins with optimized residues in the (-4) and/or (-5) positions can bind to Pex5p with affinities that are at least two orders of magnitude greater than that of YQSKL, and that this stabilization can compensates for otherwise weakly binding PTS1s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest L Maynard
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Abstract
Acetyl-CoA synthase (ACS identical with ACS/CODH identical with CODH/ACS) from Moorella thermoacetica catalyzes the synthesis of acetyl-CoA from CO, CoA, and a methyl group of a corrinoid-iron-sulfur protein (CoFeSP). A time lag prior to the onset of acetyl-CoA production, varying from 4 to 20 min, was observed in assay solutions lacking the low-potential electron-transfer agent methyl viologen (MV). No lag was observed when MV was included in the assay. The length of the lag depended on the concentrations of CO and ACS, with shorter lags found for higher [ACS] and sub-saturating [CO]. Lag length also depended on CoFeSP. Rate profiles of acetyl-CoA synthesis, including the lag phase, were numerically simulated assuming an autocatalytic mechanism. A similar reaction profile was monitored by UV-vis spectrophotometry, allowing the redox status of the CoFeSP to be evaluated during this process. At early stages in the lag phase, Co(2+)FeSP reduced to Co(+)FeSP, and this was rapidly methylated to afford CH(3)-Co(3+)FeSP. During steady-state synthesis of acetyl-CoA, CoFeSP was predominately in the CH(3)-Co(3+)FeSP state. As the synthesis rate declined and eventually ceased, the Co(+)FeSP state predominated. Three activation reductive reactions may be involved, including reduction of the A- and C-clusters within ACS and the reduction of the cobamide of CoFeSP. The B-, C-, and D-clusters in the beta subunit appear to be electronically isolated from the A-cluster in the connected alpha subunit, consistent with the ~70 A distance separating these clusters, suggesting the need for an in vivo reductant that activates ACS and/or CoFeSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest L Maynard
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Abstract
Many proteins that are destined to reside within the lumen of the peroxisome contain the peroxisomal targeting signal-1 (PTS1), a C-terminal tripeptide approximating the consensus sequence -Ser-Lys-Leu-COO(-). The PTS1 is recognized by the tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domains of PEX5, a cytosolic receptor that cycles between the cytoplasm and the peroxisome. To gain insight into the energetics of PTS1 binding specificity and to correlate these with features from the recently determined structure of a PEX5:PTS1 complex, we used a fluorescence-based binding assay that enables the quantitation of the dissociation constants for PTS1-containing peptide complexes with the TPR region of human PEX5. Through application of this assay to a collection of pentapeptides containing different C-terminal tripeptide sequences, including both natural and unnatural amino acids, the thermodynamic effects of sequence variation were examined. PTS1 variants that correspond to known functional targeting signals bind to the PEX5 fragment with a change in the standard binding free energy within 1.8 kcal mol(-1) of that corresponding to the peptide ending with -Ser-Lys-Leu-COO(-). The results suggest that a binding energy threshold may determine the functionality of PTS1 sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J Gatto
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
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16
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Abstract
Acetogenic bacteria contain acetyl-CoA synthase (ACS), an enzyme with two distinct nickel-iron-sulfur active sites connected by a tunnel through which CO migrates. One site reduces CO2 to CO, while the other synthesizes acetyl-CoA from CO, CoA, and the methyl group of another protein (CH3-CP). Rapid binding of CO2 and a two-electron reduction activates ACS. When CoA and CH3-CP bind ACS, CO is rerouted through the tunnel to the synthase site, and kinetic parameters at the reductase site are altered. Under these conditions, the rates of CO2 reduction and acetyl-CoA synthesis are synchronized by an ordered catalytic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- E L Maynard
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, USA
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Abstract
Steady-state initial rates of acetyl-CoA synthesis (upsilon/[E(tot)]) catalyzed by acetyl-CoA synthase from Clostridium thermoaceticum (ACS) were determined at various partial pressures of CO and CO2. When [CO] was varied from 0 to 100 microM in a balance of Ar, rates increased sharply from 0.3 to 100 min(-1). At [CO] > 100 microM, rates declined sharply and eventually stabilized at 10 min(-1) at 980 microM CO. Equivalent experiments carried out in CO2 revealed similar inhibitory behavior and residual activity under saturating [CO]. Plots of upsilon/[E(tot)] vs [CO2] at different fixed inhibitory [CO] revealed that Vmax/[E(tot)] (kcat) decreased with increasing [CO]. Plots of upsilon/[E(tot)] vs [CO2] at different fixed noninhibitory [CO] showed that Vmax/[E(tot)] was insensitive to changes in [CO]. Of eleven candidate mechanisms, the simplest one that fit the data best had the following key features: (a) either CO or CO2 (at a designated reductant level and pH) activate the enzyme (E' + CO right arrow over left arrow E, E' + CO2/2e-/2H+ right arrow over left arrow E); (b) CO and CO2 are both substrates that compete for the same enzyme form (E + CO right arrow over left arrow ECO, E + CO2/2e-/2H+ right arrow over left arrow ECO, and ECO --> E + P); (c) between 3 and 5 molecules of CO bind cooperatively to an enzyme form different from that to which CO2 and substrate CO bind (nCO + ECO right arrow over left arrow (CO)nECO), and this inhibits catalysis; and (d) the residual activity arises from either the (CO)nECO state or a heterogeneous form of the enzyme. Implications of these results, focusing on the roles of CO and CO2 in catalysis, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E L Maynard
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
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Maynard EL, Lindahl PA. Evidence of a Molecular Tunnel Connecting the Active Sites for CO2Reduction and Acetyl-CoA Synthesis in Acetyl-CoA Synthase fromClostridiumthermoaceticum. J Am Chem Soc 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ja992120g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Darensbourg DJ, Maynard EL, Holtcamp MW, Klausmeyer KK, Reibenspies JH. Synthesis and X-ray Structure of the Novel Aluminum Complex [{eta(3)-HB(3-Phpz)(2)(5-Phpz)}(2)Al][AlCl(4)]. Catalysis of CO(2)/Propylene Oxide to Propylene Carbonate by the AlCl(4)(-) Anion. Inorg Chem 1996; 35:2682-2684. [PMID: 11666488 DOI: 10.1021/ic951018r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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