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Choi E, Souza VC, Dillon JA, Kebreab E, Mueller ND. Comparative analysis of thermal indices for modeling cold and heat stress in US dairy systems. J Dairy Sci 2024:S0022-0302(24)00733-1. [PMID: 38608948 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-24412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Quantifying the impact of thermal stress on milk yields is essential to effectively manage present and future risks in dairy systems. Despite the existence of numerous heat indices designed to communicate stress thresholds, little information is available regarding the accuracy of different indices in estimating milk yield losses from both cold and heat stress at large spatio-temporal scales. To address this gap, we comparatively analyzed the performance of existing thermal indices in capturing US milk yield response to both cold and heat stress at the national scale. We selected four commonly used thermal indices: the Temperature and Humidity Index (THI), Black Globe Humidity Index (BGHI), Adjusted Temperature and Humidity Index (THIadj), and Comprehensive Climate Index (CCI). Using a statistical panel regression model with observational and reanalysis weather data from 1981-2020, we systematically compared the patterns of yield sensitivities and statistical performance of the four indices. We found that the US state-level milk yield variability was better explained by the THIadj and CCI, which combine the effects of temperature, humidity, wind, and solar radiation. Our analysis also reveals a continuous and nonlinear responses of milk yields to a range of cold to heat stress across all four indices. This implies that solely relying on fixed thresholds of these indices to model milk yield changes may be insufficient to capture cumulative thermal stress. Cold extremes reduced milk yields comparably to those impacted by heat extremes on the national scale. Additionally, we found large spatial variability in milk yield sensitivities, implying further limitations to the use of fixed thresholds across locations. Moreover, we found decreased yield sensitivity to thermal stress in the most recent two decades, suggesting adaptive changes in management to reduce weather-related risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Choi
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability & Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523.
| | - V C Souza
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - J A Dillon
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523
| | - E Kebreab
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - N D Mueller
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability & Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523; Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523.
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2
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Kim SJ, Jo Y, Park SJ, Ji E, Lee JY, Choi E, Baek JY, Jang IY, Jung HW, Kim K, Ryu D, Yoo HJ, Kim BJ. Metabolomic profiles of ovariectomized mice and their associations with body composition and frailty-related parameters in postmenopausal women. J Endocrinol Invest 2024:10.1007/s40618-024-02338-x. [PMID: 38493245 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-024-02338-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Menopause, a dramatical estrogen-deficient condition, is considered the most significant milestone in women's health. PURPOSE To investigate the metabolite changes attributed to estrogen deficiency using random forest (RF)-based machine learning (ML) modeling strategy in ovariectomized (OVX) mice as well as determine the clinical relevance of selected metabolites in older women. METHODS AND RESULTS Untargeted and targeted metabolomic analyses revealed that metabolites related to TCA cycle, sphingolipids, phospholipids, fatty acids, and amino acids, were significantly changed in the plasma and/or muscle of OVX mice. Subsequent ML classifiers based on RF algorithm selected alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG), arginine, carnosine, ceramide C24, phosphatidylcholine (PC) aa C36:6, and PC ae C42:3 in plasma as well as PC aa 34:1, PC aa C34:3, PC aa C36:5, PC aa C32:1, PC aa C36:2, and sphingosine in muscle as top featured metabolites that differentiate the OVX mice from the sham-operated group. When circulating levels of AKG, arginine, and carnosine, which showed the most significant changes in OVX mice blood, were measured in postmenopausal women, higher plasma AKG levels were associated with lower bone mass, weak grip strength, poor physical performance, and increased frailty risk. CONCLUSIONS Metabolomics- and ML-based methods identified the key metabolites of blood and muscle that were significantly changed after ovariectomy in mice, and the clinical implication of several metabolites was investigated by looking at their correlation with body composition and frailty-related parameters in postmenopausal women. These findings provide crucial context for understanding the diverse physiological alterations caused by estrogen deficiency in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center,, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Y Jo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea
| | - S J Park
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - E Ji
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - E Choi
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - J-Y Baek
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - I Y Jang
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - H-W Jung
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - K Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - D Ryu
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, South Korea.
| | - H J Yoo
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center,, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.
| | - B-J Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-Ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.
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Kim HD, Choi E, Shin J, Lee IS, Ko CS, Ryu MH, Park YS. Clinicopathologic features and prognostic value of claudin 18.2 overexpression in patients with resectable gastric cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20047. [PMID: 37973935 PMCID: PMC10654731 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47178-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Claudin 18.2 has emerged as a promising therapeutic target in gastric cancer based on phase 3 studies. However, clinicopathologic features associated with claudin 18.2 overexpression have not been comprehensively studied specifically for patients with resectable gastric cancer. This retrospective study included 299 patients with stage I-III resectable gastric cancer who underwent curative surgical resection. Possible associations between claudin 18.2 overexpression (moderate-to-strong expression in ≥ 75% by the 43-14A clone) and clinicopathologic features and survival outcomes were analyzed. There were 90 (30.1%), 96 (32.1%), and 113 (37.8%) patients with stage I, II, and III disease, respectively. Claudin 18.2 overexpression was noted in 139 out of 299 patients (46.5%). Claudin 18.2 overexpression was associated with a younger age, a lower invasion depth limited to the mucosa/submucosa, and less frequent lymphovascular invasion. Claudin 18.2 overexpression was also associated with Borrmann type 4 among patients with advanced gastric cancer and the diffuse histological type. Claudin 18.2 overexpression was not an independent factor for survival outcomes. In conclusion, claudin 18.2 was overexpressed in almost half of resectable gastric cancer patients. Claudin 18.2 overexpression was associated with some clinicopathological characteristics, but was not an independent prognostic factor in a localized setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Don Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Eugene Choi
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Shin
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Seob Lee
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Seok Ko
- Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Hee Ryu
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Soo Park
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
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Kim M, Byun SJ, Park SG, Kim B, Oh YK, Cho KH, Kim JH, Choi E. Assessment of Bladder Filling Type on Radiation Dose to Organs at Risk in MR-Guided Intracavity Brachytherapy for Cervical Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e657. [PMID: 37785948 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) In this study, we evaluated whether the classification of bladder shape affects the absorbed dose (Gy) of OARs and its geometrical position to normal organs in MR-guided intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT). MATERIALS/METHODS In this study, 269 patients who underwent MR-guided ICBT for cervical cancer from 2016 to 2022 were included. The applicator-inserted bladder filling type (BFT) classification was divided into three types (tilted, curved, and other shapes: group E). The anatomical positional relationship between the uterus and its surroundings was measured on pre-MR images and ICBT simulation MR images. Spearman's rank correlation analysis was used for bladder volume and OAR dose according to BFT. Anatomical differences were analyzed by ANOVA by measuring the distance from the center to both bladder walls. RESULTS In the correlation analysis considering the shape of the bladder, the tilted, curved, and group E had Spearman's ρ of 0.211; -0.323, 0.412; -0.307 and -0.035; -0.209 for maximum absorbed dose (D2cc) of bladder and small bowel, respectively. It was statistically significant in the tilted type and curved type. The average left and right bladder lengths differences of the tilted type were the highest at 8.47 cm and 7.11 cm, respectively. It was a statistically significant between bladder shape and the difference in left and right bladder lengths differences (p< 0.01). CONCLUSION In this study, it was confirmed that bladder distension increased the maximum bladder dose (D2cc) and decreased the maximum bowel dose (D2cc) to the tilted type and curved type. In addition, if the left and right bladder lengths are measured in pre-MR, the degree of bladder distension can be evaluated in advance by checking the shape of the bladder in the case of the tilting type before ICBT. Based on these findings, a prospective study is needed to evaluate the effect of ICBT on cervical cancer treatment outcomes through bladder type classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - S J Byun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, Keimyung University School of medicine, Daegu, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - S G Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, Keimyung University School of medicine, Daegu, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - B Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - Y K Oh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, Keimyung University School of medicine, Daegu, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - K H Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, Keimyung University School of medicine, Daegu, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - E Choi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, Keimyung University School of medicine, Daegu, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
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Han DG, Kwak J, Choi E, Seo SW, Vasileva EA, Mishchenko NP, Fedoreyev SA, Stonik VA, Kim HK, Han J, Byun JH, Jung IH, Yun H, Yoon IS. Physicochemical characterization and phase II metabolic profiling of echinochrome A, a bioactive constituent from sea urchin, and its physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling in rats and humans. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114589. [PMID: 37004327 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Echinochrome A, a natural naphthoquinone pigment found in sea urchins, is increasingly being investigated for its nutritional and therapeutic value associated with antioxidant, anticancer, antiviral, antidiabetic, and cardioprotective activities. Although several studies have demonstrated the biological effects and therapeutic potential of echinochrome A, little is known regarding its biopharmaceutical behaviors. Here, we aimed to investigate the physicochemical properties and metabolic profiles of echinochrome A and establish a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model as a useful tool to support its clinical applications. We found that the lipophilicity, color variability, ultraviolet/visible spectrometry, and stability of echinochrome A were markedly affected by pH conditions. Moreover, metabolic and pharmacokinetic profiling studies demonstrated that echinochrome A is eliminated primarily by hepatic metabolism and that four possible metabolites, i.e., two glucuronidated and two methylated conjugates, are formed in rat and human liver preparations. A whole-body PBPK model incorporating the newly identified hepatic phase II metabolic process was constructed and optimized with respect to chemical-specific parameters. Furthermore, model simulations suggested that echinochrome A could exhibit linear disposition profiles without systemic and local tissue accumulation in clinical settings. Our proposed PBPK model of echinochrome A could be a valuable tool for predicting drug interactions in previously unexplored scenarios and for optimizing dosage regimens and drug formulations.
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Choi E, Su C, Wu J, Aredo J, Neal J, Leung A, Backhus L, Marchand L, Liang S, Cheng I, Wakelee H, Han S. OA01.01 Second Primary Lung Cancer among Lung Cancer Survivors Who Never Smoked. J Thorac Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.09.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Choi E, Lee J, Park Y. Solitary Peutz-Jeghers type harmartomatous polyp in duodenum with gastric foveolar epithelium: a case report. J Pathol Transl Med 2023; 57:128-131. [PMID: 36623815 PMCID: PMC10028010 DOI: 10.4132/jptm.2022.11.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Peutz-Jeghers type hamartomatous polyp is known to be associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, which shows characteristic multiple hamartomatous polyp involvement in the gastrointestinal tract, combined with mucocutaneous symptom, familial history of Peutz- Jeghers syndrome or STK11/LTB1 mutation. However, some cases showing histologic appearance of the polyps discovered in Peutz- Jeghers syndrome while lacking other diagnostic criteria of the syndrome have been reported, and these are called solitary Peutz- Jeghers type polyps. Herein, we report a case of solitary Peutz-Jeghers type polyp covered with heterotopic epithelium. The patient was 47-year-old female without any mucocutaneous symptoms nor familial history of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. Microscopic examination revealed Peutz-Jeghers type hamartomatous polyp in duodenum covered with gastric type foveolar epithelium. Considering the definition of hamartomatous polyp, which is, the abnormal overgrowth of the indigenous epithelial component, the histological feature of current case is noteworthy in a point that it shows proliferation of heterotopic component, rather than the indigenous component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Choi
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Junghwan Lee
- Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngsoo Park
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Deshpande S, Buragamadagu BC, Khanam A, Paravathaneni M, Mulla S, Bedi V, Thota V, Baralo R, Jain A, Choi E, Thirumaran R. Review of Hematology-Oncology Emergencies for Internal Medicine Residents. Cureus 2023; 15:e33563. [PMID: 36779153 PMCID: PMC9908426 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of cancer continues to grow globally every year. With therapeutic advances over the recent decades, the prevalence of individuals living with cancer continues to increase. Internal medicine residents can see patients admitted to the hospital for cancer-related emergencies. Early identification and appropriate management of these emergencies have been shown to improve mortality and morbidity. In this article, we aim to review the recent updates in the management of commonly encountered oncologic emergencies in the practice of internal medicine residents. This review will cover spinal cord compression, superior vena cava syndrome, tumor lysis syndrome, hypercalcemia, pericardial tamponade, hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, bowel obstruction, increased intracranial pressure, leukostasis, hyperviscosity syndrome, neutropenic fever, and hypersensitivity reactions.
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Seo S, Han D, Choi E, Seo M, Song I, Yoon I. Factors determining the oral absorption and systemic disposition of zeaxanthin in rats: in vitro, in situ, and in vivo evaluations. Pharm Biol 2022; 60:2266-2275. [PMID: 36412560 PMCID: PMC9704089 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2143534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Zeaxanthin is a yellow‑coloured dietary carotenoid widely recognized as an essential component of the macula. It exerts blue light filtering and antioxidant activities, offering eye health and vision benefits. OBJECTIVE This study explores the oral absorption and systemic disposition of zeaxanthin from biopharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic perspectives. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vivo intravenous (5 and 10 mg/kg) and intraportal (5 mg/kg) pharmacokinetic studies were performed to determine intrinsic tissue‑blood partition coefficient, elimination pathway, and hepatic clearance, of zeaxanthin in rats. Moreover, in vitro physicochemical property test, in situ closed loop study, in vivo oral pharmacokinetic study (20 and 100 mg/kg), and in vivo lymphatic absorption study (100 mg/kg) were conducted to investigate the gut absorption properties of zeaxanthin and assess the effects of several lipids on the lymphatic absorption of zeaxanthin in rats. RESULTS Zeaxanthin exhibited poor solubility (≤144 ng/mL) and stability (6.0-76.9% of the initial amount remained at 24 h) in simulated gut luminal fluids. Gut absorption of zeaxanthin occurred primarily in the duodenum, but the major fraction (≥84.7%) of the dose remained unabsorbed across the entire gut tract. Considerable fractions of intravenous zeaxanthin accumulated in the liver, lung, and spleen (21.3, 11.7, and 2.0%, respectively). It was found that the liver is the major eliminating organ of zeaxanthin, accounting for 53.5-90.1% of the total clearance process (hepatic extraction ratio of 0.623). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first systematic study to report factors that determine the oral bioavailability and systemic clearance of zeaxanthin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong‑Wook Seo
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Dong‑Gyun Han
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Eugene Choi
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Min‑Jeong Seo
- Freshwater Biosources Utilization Bureau, Bioresources Industrialization Support Division, Nakdong‑gang National Institute of Biological Resources (NNIBR), Sangju‑si, South Korea
| | - Im‑Sook Song
- BK21 FOUR Community‑Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit, Vessel‑Organ Interaction Research Center (VOICE), Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - In‑Soo Yoon
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
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Baralo B, Paravathaneni M, Jain A, Buragamadagu B, Khanam A, Iqbal S, Hossain S, Mulla S, Choi E, Thirumaran R. Video education about side effects of chemotherapy and immunotherapy and its impact on the anxiety, depression, and distress level of cancer patients. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:278. [PMID: 36434673 PMCID: PMC9700903 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-00994-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients diagnosed with cancer are at higher risk of anxiety, depression, and overall distress. These mood disturbances are risk factors for non-adherence to cancer treatment, increased length of stay during hospital admissions, increased number of visits to the emergency department, and also impact survival. Although paper handouts about the potential side effects are widely used in the oncology practice studies have shown that digital educational material is known to work better when compared to traditional methods. However, the impact of video education on anxiety, depression, and distress have not been previously evaluated. Our study aimed to assess whether video education about potential chemotherapy and immunotherapy can reduce anxiety, depression, and distress levels. METHODS After IRB approval, we enrolled patients who were fluent in English, younger than 80 years of age, and who were able to provide informed consent. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Distress Thermometer were used to assess distress, as well as depression and anxiety before and after watching video educational material. Paired t-test was used to compare the differences between the scores before and after watching educational videos. The statistical software GraphPad Prism 9, San Diego, California, was used to perform the statistical analysis. RESULTS We enrolled 29 patients, of whom 20 completed the study, six withdrew, two were lost to follow-up, and one did not complete the initial questionnaire. Of all patients that completed the study 85% of the patient found videos helpful, and they were 7/10 likely to recommend them to other patients who may experience symptoms. The mean depression score changed from 4.75 before to 4.9 after watching the videos (p 0.77), distress score from 2.3 to 2.65 (p 0.52), and anxiety scores changed from 4.85 to 6.15 (p 0.03). The feedback provided by the patients indicated that they were more willing to watch the videos related to the side effects they experienced at their free time and convenience. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that patients were open to video education and found it helpful and worth watching. However, the exposure of the patients to the videos about potential side effects of cancer treatment, including those patients do not experience, may lead to increased anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohdan Baralo
- grid.492469.40000 0004 0440 1055Internal Medicine, Mercy Fitzgerald Hospital, Darby, PA 19023 USA
| | - Mahati Paravathaneni
- grid.492469.40000 0004 0440 1055Internal Medicine, Mercy Fitzgerald Hospital, Darby, PA 19023 USA
| | - Akhil Jain
- grid.492469.40000 0004 0440 1055Internal Medicine, Mercy Fitzgerald Hospital, Darby, PA 19023 USA
| | - Bhanusowmya Buragamadagu
- grid.492469.40000 0004 0440 1055Internal Medicine, Mercy Fitzgerald Hospital, Darby, PA 19023 USA
| | - Aliza Khanam
- grid.492469.40000 0004 0440 1055Internal Medicine, Mercy Fitzgerald Hospital, Darby, PA 19023 USA
| | - Sabah Iqbal
- grid.492469.40000 0004 0440 1055Internal Medicine, Mercy Fitzgerald Hospital, Darby, PA 19023 USA
| | - Samia Hossain
- grid.492469.40000 0004 0440 1055Internal Medicine, Mercy Fitzgerald Hospital, Darby, PA 19023 USA
| | - Sana Mulla
- grid.492469.40000 0004 0440 1055Internal Medicine, Mercy Fitzgerald Hospital, Darby, PA 19023 USA
| | - Eugene Choi
- grid.492469.40000 0004 0440 1055Medical Oncology, Mercy Fitzgerald Hospital, Darby, PA USA
| | - Rajesh Thirumaran
- grid.492469.40000 0004 0440 1055Medical Oncology, Mercy Fitzgerald Hospital, Darby, PA USA
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Bae N, Lee S, Choi E, Ahn H, Ahn H, Kwon S, Han K, Oh S, Lip G. Impact of mental disease on the risk of atrial fibrillation in patients with diabetes mellitus: a nationwide population-based study. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is known to increase the risk of mental disorders, which increases the health care burden in these patients. Also, DM is one of the risk factors leading to atrial fibrillation (AF), and the presence of concomitant AF and DM adds to the increased risks of stroke and death. It is uncertain whether mental disease is an independent risk factor of incident AF in patients with DM.
Purpose
To investigate whether diabetic patients with mental disease have an increased risk of AF.
Methods
Using the Korea National Health Insurance Service database, we enrolled 2,512,690 patients diagnosed with DM without AF between 2009 and 2021. Newly diagnosed AF was identified during the follow-up period. We compared the risk of AF between patients with mental disease and those without.
Results
Among the total population, 828,929 (32.99%; mean age 61.58±11.28; 56.71% female) patients were diagnosed with mental diseases (Figure 1). Anxiety (564,786 patients, 68.13%) was the most common mental disease, while depression was the second most common (313,773 patients, 37.85%). Diabetic patients with mental diseases had a higher percentage of women, hypertension, dyslipidemia, chronic kidney failure, congestive heart failure, obstructive sleep apnea, and thyroid disease. During a median 7.0 years (IQR 5.93–8.07) follow-up, 34,523 were diagnosed new-onset AF (4.66 per 1,000 person-year). In multivariate analysis, diabetic patients with mental disorders showed a higher risk of new-onset AF (HR 1.19; 95% CI 1.17–1.21; p-value <0.0001) (Figure 2). Among mental diseases, depression, insomnia, and anxiety were associated with increased risks of new-onset AF (HR 1.15; 95% CI 1.12–1.17; HR 1.15; 95% CI 1.13–1.18; and HR 1.19; 95% CI, 1.67–1.21; all p-value <0.0001, respectively), whereas bipolar disorder and schizophrenia showed non-statistically significant trends (due to small numbers). Subgroup analyses showed that younger age had significant interactions with depression, insomnia, and anxiety.
Conclusion
Mental diseases, especially depression, insomnia, and anxiety, showed an increased risk of AF in patients with DM. Awareness and prompt diagnosis and management of AF would be necessary for these high-risk populations at risk of incident AF.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Bae
- Seoul National University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S Lee
- Seoul National University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - E Choi
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - H Ahn
- Seoul National University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - H Ahn
- Seoul National University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S Kwon
- Seoul National University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - K Han
- Soongsil University, Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S Oh
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - G Lip
- Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool , Liverpool , United Kingdom
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Shin SY, Jung M, Byeon K, Kang K, Park Y, Hwang Y, Lee S, Jin E, Roh S, Kim J, Ahn J, Lee S, Choi E, Ahn M, Lip G. External validation of the biomarker based ABCD score in atrial fibrillation patients with a non gender CHA2DS2 VASc score 0 to 1, A Korean multicenter retrospective cohort. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Patients with low to intermediate risk atrial fibrillation (AF), defined as non-gender CHA2DS2-VASc score of 0–1, are still at risk of stroke. This study verified the usefulness of ABCD score (Age [≥60 years], B-type natriuretic peptide [BNP] or N-terminal pro-BNP [≥300 pg/ml], Creatinine clearance [<50 ml/min/1.73 m2], and Dimension of the left atrium [≥45 mm]) for stroke risk stratification in non-gender CHA2DS2-VASc score 0–1.
Methods
This multi-center cohort study retrospectively analyzed AF patients with non-gender CHA2DS2-VASc score 0–1. The primary endpoint was the incidence of stroke with or without anti-thrombotic treatment (ATT). An ABCD score was also validated.
Results
Overall, 2694 patients (56.3±9.5 years; female, 726 [26.9%]) were followed-up for 4.0±2.8 years. The overall stroke rate was 0.84/100 person-years (P-Y), stratified as follows: 0.46/100P-Y for an ABCD score 0; 1.02/100P-Y for an ABCD score≥1. The ABCD score was superior to the non-gender CHA2DS2-VASc score in stroke risk stratification (C-index=0.618, P=0.015; net reclassification improvement=0.576, P=0.040; integrated differential improvement=0.033, P=0.066). ATT was prescribed in 2353 patients (86.5%), and the stroke rate was significantly lower in patients receiving non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC) therapy and an ABCD score≥1 than in those without ATT (0.44/100P-Y versus 1.55/100 P-Y; hazard ratio=0.26, 95% confidence interval 0.11–0.63, P=0.003).
Conclusion
The biomarker-based ABCD score demonstrated improved stroke risk stratification in AF patients with non-gender CHA2DS2-VASc score 0–1. Furthermore, NOAC with an ABCD score≥1 was associated with significantly lower stroke rate in AF patients with a non-gender CHA2DS2-VASc score 0–1.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Korean Disease Control and Prevention Agency
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Shin
- Chung-Ang University Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - M Jung
- Chung-Ang University Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - K Byeon
- Chung-Ang University Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - K Kang
- Chung-Ang University Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y Park
- Gachon University Gil Medical Center , Incheon , Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y Hwang
- St. Vincent's Hospital , Suwon , Korea (Democratic People's Republic of)
| | - S Lee
- Kangbuk Samsung Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - E Jin
- Kyunghee University , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S Roh
- Korea University Guro Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Democratic People's Republic of)
| | - J Kim
- Korea University Ansan Hospital, Cardiology , Ansan-Si , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Ahn
- Pusan National University Hospital , Pusan , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S Lee
- Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - E Choi
- Seoul National University Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - M Ahn
- Wonju Severance Christian Hospital , Wonju , Korea (Republic of)
| | - G Lip
- University of Liverpool , Liverpool , United Kingdom
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Park J, Cho S, Lee K, Choi E, Jung W, Kim S, Park G, Song S, Kang C, Ma M, Yoo D, Paeng K, Ock CY. 94P Performance validation of an artificial intelligence-powered programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) combined positive score analyzer in urothelial cancer. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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14
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Dubinskaya A, Heard J, Choi E, Cohen T, Anger J, Eilber K, Scott V. Female Sexual Dysfunction Resources: Women and Healthcare Providers Need More Options. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.05.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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15
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Choi E, Han DG, Park JE, Lee HY, Yoo JW, Jung Y, Song IS, Yoon IS. A simple and sensitive HPLC-FL method for bioanalysis of velpatasvir, a novel hepatitis C virus NS5A inhibitor, in rat plasma: Investigation of factors determining its oral bioavailability. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1208:123399. [PMID: 35921698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Velpatasvir is a novel inhibitor of hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A that received US Food and Drug Administration approval for the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotypes 1-6. In the present study, a sensitive bioanalytical method for velpatasvir was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a fluorescence detector system, which was applied to elucidate the factors determining the oral bioavailability and disposition of velpatasvir. This method offered sufficient sensitivity, with a lower limit of quantification of 0.5 ng/mL, which is comparable to previously reported methods using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Velpatasvir exhibited low oral bioavailability, moderate intestinal permeability, and significant biliary excretion in rats. It was also found to be significantly metabolized in the liver, with a low-to-moderate extraction ratio; however, its intestinal metabolism and enterohepatic circulation did not occur. Thus, our present results demonstrate that the oral bioavailability of velpatasvir is primarily dependent on gut absorption and hepatic first-pass metabolism. The fractions of velpatasvir dose unabsorbed from the gut and eliminated by the liver before reaching the systemic circulation following oral administration were estimated to be 32.8%-58.6% and 4.74%-30.54% of the oral dose, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic study to investigate the contributory roles of biopharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic factors on the oral bioavailability of velpatasvir, together with a new bioanalytical method for velpatasvir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Choi
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Dong-Gyun Han
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Park
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, South Korea
| | - Ha-Yeon Lee
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, South Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Yoo
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Yunjin Jung
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Im-Sook Song
- BK21 FOUR Community-Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit, Vessel-Organ Interaction Research Center (VOICE), Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea.
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea.
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Han DG, Seo SW, Choi E, Kim MS, Yoo JW, Jung Y, Yoon IS. Impact of route-dependent phase-II gut metabolism and enterohepatic circulation on the bioavailability and systemic disposition of resveratrol in rats and humans: A comprehensive whole body physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113141. [PMID: 35609369 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic phytoalexin, is a dietary supplement that improves the outcomes of metabolic, cardiovascular, and other age-related diseases due to its diverse pharmacological activities. Although there have been several preclinical and clinical investigations of resveratrol, the contributions of gut phase-II metabolism and enterohepatic circulation to the oral bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of resveratrol remain unclear. Furthermore, a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that accurately describes and predicts the systemic exposure profiles of resveratrol in clinical settings has not been developed. Experimental data were acquired from several perspectives, including in vitro protein binding and blood distribution, in vitro tissue S9 metabolism, in situ intestinal perfusion, and in vivo pharmacokinetics and excretion studies. Using these datasets, an in-house whole-body PBPK model incorporating route-dependent phase-II (glucuronidation and sulfation) gut metabolism and enterohepatic circulation processes was constructed and optimized for chemical-specific parameters. The developed PBPK model aligned with the observed systemic exposure profiles of resveratrol in single and multiple dosing regimens with an acceptable accuracy of 0.538-0.999-fold errors. Furthermore, the model simulations elucidated the substantial contribution of gut first-pass metabolism to the oral bioavailability of resveratrol and suggested differential effects of enterohepatic circulation on the systemic exposure of resveratrol between rats and humans. After partial modification and verification, our proposed PBPK model would be valuable to optimize dosage regimens and predict food-drug interactions with resveratrol-based natural products in various clinical scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Gyun Han
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Seong-Wook Seo
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Eugene Choi
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Min-Soo Kim
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Yoo
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Yunjin Jung
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea.
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Richardson C, Moore F, Alvarez A, Barandiaran A, Barron L, Choi E, Ezell T, Franco C, Hamza B, Johnson J, Khamhoung A, Kyung T, Marques M, Picarella D, Sewell J, Storer A, Walsh M, Suri V. Abstract 555: Allogeneic Natural Killer cells engineered to express HER2 CAR, Interleukin 15 and TGF beta dominant negative receptor effectively control HER2+ tumors. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Despite the success of HER2 targeted therapies in HER2+ breast and gastric cancer, additional therapies are needed to address treatment-resistant metastatic disease. Adoptive immune cell therapy is a promising therapeutic modality given the remarkable clinical responses seen with autologous chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells in hematological malignancies. However, success of cell therapy in solid tumors has been more limited. Three major impediments to the success of adoptive cell therapies in solid tumors are the heterogeneity of antigen expression, the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), and the inherent challenges of manufacturing autologous cells and consequent variability of these cell products. Engineered, off-the-shelf, allogeneic Natural Killer (NK) cells provide a solution to these challenges. We describe here CAT-179, a novel engineered CAR-NK cell therapeutic for HER2+ solid tumors. CAT-179 cells express three transgenes: a HER2-directed CAR to effectively eliminate tumor cells, a Transforming Growth Factor (TGF) β dominant negative receptor (DNR) for resistance to TGFβ -mediated immunosuppression in the TME, and Interleukin 15 (IL15) cytokine to enhance NK cell persistence and activity for durable response. High efficiency engineering of the large (~3.7Kb) cargo containing CAR, IL15, and DNR in CAT-179 is enabled by the non-viral TC Buster™ Transposon System. Transposon engineering of CAT-179 results in high and stable expression of CAR (45% CAR at day 7 post gene delivery) without the need for post-engineering selection. CAT-179 demonstrates both CAR-dependent and innate NK receptor-dependent tumor cell killing in vitro, reducing the likelihood of tumor escape through antigen loss. CAT-179 effectively kills in vitro both high HER2-expressing SKOV3 cells as well as lower HER2-expressing HT-29 cells. CAT-179 also demonstrates resistance to TGFβ mediated immunosuppression, as evidenced by 75% reduction in TGFβ -induced phosphorylation of SMAD2 as well as prevention of TGFβ induced downregulation of NK cell activating receptors and restoration of NK cell cytotoxic activity. These data suggest CAT-179 cells will be protected from TGFβ -mediated immune suppression in the TME. Finally, the addition of IL15 in CAT-179 significantly enhances persistence for at least fourteen days in vitro without the need for exogenous cytokines. Moreover, CAT-179 administration to NSG mice showed expansion and persistence of the transferred cell product. CAT-179 addresses key hurdles to allogeneic cell therapy for solid tumors and is a promising new therapeutic approach for HER2 expressing breast, gastric and other tumors.
Citation Format: Celeste Richardson, Finola Moore, Andres Alvarez, Alexia Barandiaran, Luke Barron, Eugene Choi, Tucker Ezell, Charlotte Franco, Bashar Hamza, Jennifer Johnson, Annie Khamhoung, Taeyoon Kyung, Marilyn Marques, Dominic Picarella, Jared Sewell, Alex Storer, Meghan Walsh, Vipin Suri. Allogeneic Natural Killer cells engineered to express HER2 CAR, Interleukin 15 and TGF beta dominant negative receptor effectively control HER2+ tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 555.
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18
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Chuesiang P, Zhang J, Choi E, Yoon IS, Kim JT, Shin GH. Observation of curcumin-loaded hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) oleogels under in vitro lipid digestion and in situ intestinal absorption in rats. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 208:520-529. [PMID: 35337911 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (Cur-NLCs)-based hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) oleogels (Cur-NLCs-HPMC-OGs) were fabricated using a cryogel template. The effect of the HPMC viscosity grade on the oleogel characteristics and in situ intestinal absorption were examined. Highly stable Cur-NLCs were prepared with a mean particle size of 314 nm and polydispersity index of 0.275. Cur-NLCs affected the creamy texture of self-standing Cur-NLCs-HPMC-OGs. The Cur-NLCs were tightly packed as oil droplets in the network of HPMC. However, a high viscosity of HPMC-4000 led to a greater ability to entrap and prevent droplet coalescence compared to a low viscosity of HPMC-400. NLCs promoted the release of free fatty acids during in vitro lipid digestion, whereas HPMC-4000 maintained the strength and durability of oleogels against mechanical and enzymatic breakdown. The in situ loop results revealed higher curcumin absorption by Cur-NLCs-HPMC-OGs than by Cur-HPMC-OGs. HMPC-4000 showed slightly higher curcumin absorption compared to HPMC-400.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyanan Chuesiang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - Eugene Choi
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Tae Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, BioNanocomposite Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Gye Hwa Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kunsan National University, Gunsan 54150, Republic of Korea.
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Hickman TL, Choi E, Whiteman KR, Muralidharan S, Pai T, Johnson T, Parikh A, Friedman T, Gilbert M, Shen B, Barron L, McGinness KE, Ettenberg SA, Motz GT, Weiss GJ, Jensen-Smith A. BOXR1030, an anti-GPC3 CAR with exogenous GOT2 expression, shows enhanced T cell metabolism and improved anti-cell line derived tumor xenograft activity. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266980. [PMID: 35507536 PMCID: PMC9067639 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The solid tumor microenvironment (TME) drives T cell dysfunction and inhibits the effectiveness of immunotherapies such as chimeric antigen receptor-based T cell (CAR T) cells. Early data has shown that modulation of T cell metabolism can improve intratumoral T cell function in preclinical models. Experimental design We evaluated GPC3 expression in human normal and tumor tissue specimens. We developed and evaluated BOXR1030, a novel CAR T therapeutic co-expressing glypican-3 (GPC3)-targeted CAR and exogenous glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2 (GOT2) in terms of CAR T cell function both in vitro and in vivo. Results Cell surface expression of tumor antigen GPC3 was observed by immunohistochemical staining in tumor biopsies from hepatocellular carcinoma, liposarcoma, squamous lung cancer, and Merkel cell carcinoma patients. Compared to control GPC3 CAR alone, BOXR1030 (GPC3-targeted CAR T cell that co-expressed GOT2) demonstrated superior in vivo efficacy in aggressive solid tumor xenograft models, and showed favorable attributes in vitro including an enhanced cytokine production profile, a less-differentiated T cell phenotype with lower expression of stress and exhaustion markers, an enhanced metabolic profile and increased proliferation in TME-like conditions. Conclusions Together, these results demonstrated that co-expression of GOT2 can substantially improve the overall antitumor activity of CAR T cells by inducing broad changes in cellular function and phenotype. These data show that BOXR1030 is an attractive approach to targeting select solid tumors. To this end, BOXR1030 will be explored in the clinic to assess safety, dose-finding, and preliminary efficacy (NCT05120271).
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor L. Hickman
- Unum Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Eugene Choi
- Unum Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kathleen R. Whiteman
- Unum Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- SOTIO Biotech Inc
| | | | - Tapasya Pai
- Unum Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Tyler Johnson
- Unum Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Avani Parikh
- Unum Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Taylor Friedman
- Unum Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Madaline Gilbert
- Unum Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Binzhang Shen
- Unum Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Luke Barron
- Unum Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | - Seth A. Ettenberg
- Unum Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Greg T. Motz
- Unum Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Glen J. Weiss
- Unum Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- SOTIO Biotech Inc
- * E-mail: (GJW); (AJS)
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Choi E, Xu P, El-Khatib F, Kavoussi P, Yafi F. Subcutaneous testosterone enanthate-autoinjector: Assessment of its post-market safety and efficacy profiles. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.03.590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Huynh L, Huang E, Choi E, Yafi F. Is immediate preoperative blood glucose or hemoglobin A1c a risk factor for infection following penile prosthesis placement? A systematic review of literature. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.03.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Choi E, Barnard J, Horns J, Paudel N, Das R, Yafi F, Hotaling J. Acne, folliculitis and post-operative infection rates of penile prosthetic implants. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.03.441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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23
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Osman M, El-Khatib F, Dianatnejad S, Nguyen J, Choi E, Towe M, Yafi F. Differences in the gut microbiome composition between men with Peyronie's Disease and a matched cohort: A pilot study. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.03.573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Jiang D, Barnard J, Choi E, Furr J, Lentz A, van Renterghem K, Selph P, Yafi F. Immediate salvage with inflatable penile prosthesis in an infected field: A contemporary multi-institutional cohort. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.03.435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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25
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Osman M, El-Khatib F, Dianatnejad S, Nguyen J, Choi E, Towe M, Yafi F. Differences in the gut microbiome composition between men with erectile dysfunction and a matched cohort: A pilot study. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.03.572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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26
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Choi E, Xu P, Loeb C, El-Khatib F, Yafi F, Kavoussi P. Intramuscular testosterone cypionate vs subcutaneous testosterone enanthate: Comparing the outcomes in hypogonadal men. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.03.594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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27
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Jiang D, Barnard J, Choi E, Furr J, Lentz A, van Renterghem K, Selph P, Yafi FA. Immediate Salvage with Inflatable Penile Prosthesis in an Infected Field: A Contemporary Multi-institutional Cohort. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.01.388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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28
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Osman MM, El-Khatib FM, Dianatnejad S, Nguyen J, Choi E, Towe M, Yafi FA. Differences in the Gut Microbiome Composition Between Men with Erectile Dysfunction and A Matched Cohort: A Pilot Study. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.01.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Choi E, Barnard J, Horns J, Paudel N, Das R, Yafi F, Hotaling J. Acne, Folliculitis and Post-Operative Infection Rates of Penile Prosthetic Implants. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.01.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lee MH, Shin JI, Yang JW, Lee KH, Cha DH, Hong JB, Park Y, Choi E, Tizaoui K, Koyanagi A, Jacob L, Park S, Kim JH, Smith L. Genome Editing Using CRISPR-Cas9 and Autoimmune Diseases: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1337. [PMID: 35163260 PMCID: PMC8835887 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are disorders that destruct or disrupt the body's own tissues by its own immune system. Several studies have revealed that polymorphisms of multiple genes are involved in autoimmune diseases. Meanwhile, gene therapy has become a promising approach in autoimmune diseases, and clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) has become one of the most prominent methods. It has been shown that CRISPR-Cas9 can be applied to knock out proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) or block PCSK9, resulting in lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. In other studies, it can be used to treat rare diseases such as ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency and hereditary tyrosinemia. However, few studies on the treatment of autoimmune disease using CRISPR-Cas9 have been reported so far. In this review, we highlight the current and potential use of CRISPR-Cas9 in the management of autoimmune diseases. We summarize the potential target genes for immunomodulation using CRISPR-Cas9 in autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), multiple sclerosis (MS), type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), psoriasis, and type 1 coeliac disease. This article will give a new perspective on understanding the use of CRISPR-Cas9 in autoimmune diseases not only through animal models but also in human models. Emerging approaches to investigate the potential target genes for CRISPR-Cas9 treatment may be promising for the tailored immunomodulation of some autoimmune diseases in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ho Lee
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (M.H.L.); (D.H.C.); (J.B.H.); (Y.P.); (E.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Jae Il Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (J.I.S.); (K.H.L.)
| | - Jae Won Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 26426, Korea;
| | - Keum Hwa Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (J.I.S.); (K.H.L.)
| | - Do Hyeon Cha
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (M.H.L.); (D.H.C.); (J.B.H.); (Y.P.); (E.C.); (S.P.)
- Korea Advanced Institute for Science and Technology, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jun Beom Hong
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (M.H.L.); (D.H.C.); (J.B.H.); (Y.P.); (E.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Yeoeun Park
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (M.H.L.); (D.H.C.); (J.B.H.); (Y.P.); (E.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Eugene Choi
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (M.H.L.); (D.H.C.); (J.B.H.); (Y.P.); (E.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Kalthoum Tizaoui
- Laboratory Microorganismes and Active Biomolecules, Sciences Faculty of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1068, Tunisia;
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu/CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundacio Sant Joan de Deu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830 Barcelona, Spain; (A.K.); (L.J.)
- ICREA, Pg. LluisCompanys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Louis Jacob
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu/CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundacio Sant Joan de Deu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, 08830 Barcelona, Spain; (A.K.); (L.J.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Seoyeon Park
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (M.H.L.); (D.H.C.); (J.B.H.); (Y.P.); (E.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Ji Hong Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Korea
| | - Lee Smith
- Centre for Health, Performance, and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK;
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Choi E, Byun E, Kwon SU, Kim N, Suh CH, Kwon H, Han Y, Kwon TW, Cho YP. Carotid Plaque Composition Assessed by CT Predicts Subsequent Cardiovascular Events among Subjects with Carotid Stenosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:2199-2206. [PMID: 34711554 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Currently, the characteristics of carotid plaques are considered important factors for identifying subjects at high risk of stroke. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that carotid plaque composition assessed by CTA is associated with an increased risk of future major adverse cardiovascular events among asymptomatic subjects with moderate-to-severe carotid artery stenosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS This single-center, retrospective cohort study included 194 carotid plaques from 176 asymptomatic subjects with moderate-to-severe carotid artery stenosis. The association of CTA-determined plaque composition with the risk of subsequent adverse cardiovascular events was analyzed. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 41 months, the adverse cardiovascular event incidence among 194 carotid plaques was 19.6%. There were significant differences in plaque Hounsfield units (P < .001) and spotty calcium presence (P < .001) between carotid plaques from subjects with and without subsequent adverse cardiovascular events. Multivariable analysis revealed carotid plaque Hounsfield unit density (P < .001) and spotty calcium (P < .001) as independent predictors of subsequent adverse cardiovascular events. In association with moderate carotid artery stenosis, the plaque Hounsfield unit values were significantly lower among carotid plaques from subjects who experienced subsequent adverse cardiovascular events (P = .002), strokes (P = .01), and cardiovascular deaths (P = .04); the presence of spotty calcium was significantly associated with the occurrence of adverse cardiovascular events (P = .001), acute coronary syndrome (P = .01), and cardiovascular death (P = .04). CONCLUSIONS Carotid plaque Hounsfield unit density and spotty calcium were independent predictors of a greater risk of adverse cardiovascular event occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Choi
- From the Departments of Surgery (E.C., E.B., H.K., Y.H., T.-W.K., Y.-P.C.)
| | - E Byun
- From the Departments of Surgery (E.C., E.B., H.K., Y.H., T.-W.K., Y.-P.C.)
| | | | - N Kim
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (N.K.)
| | - C H Suh
- Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology (C.H.S.), University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H Kwon
- From the Departments of Surgery (E.C., E.B., H.K., Y.H., T.-W.K., Y.-P.C.)
| | - Y Han
- From the Departments of Surgery (E.C., E.B., H.K., Y.H., T.-W.K., Y.-P.C.)
| | - T-W Kwon
- From the Departments of Surgery (E.C., E.B., H.K., Y.H., T.-W.K., Y.-P.C.)
| | - Y-P Cho
- From the Departments of Surgery (E.C., E.B., H.K., Y.H., T.-W.K., Y.-P.C.)
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Yoo Y, Park S, Choi E, Sung SH. The role of intraoperative frozen section analysis in joint arthroplasty with CD66b immunohistochemical staining. Malays J Pathol 2021; 43:405-411. [PMID: 34958062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The preoperative diagnosis of infection during joint arthroplasty is important for clinical management. However, the evaluation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) during frozen section analysis is sometimes difficult due to frozen artifacts. In the present study, we sought to investigate the utility of intraoperative fresh frozen section (FFS) examination for diagnosis of infection and to evaluate whether the neutrophil-specific surface marker CD66b helps to improve the diagnostic accuracy of infection. A consecutive series of 65 original frozen sections at the time of resection arthroplasty was retrospectively reviewed compared with corresponding permanent sections. The presence of PMNs was determined using intraoperative FFS and permanent sections. Furthermore, CD66b staining was performed to identify PMNs clearly. The ratio of male to female patients was 21:42. The mean age was 70 years. Postoperatively, 25 of 65 cases were histologically diagnosed with infection (25/65; 39%). The sensitivity and specificity of intraoperative FFS relative to permanent section histology were 100% (25/25) and 95% (38/40), respectively. Among 40 patients without infection, two showed false-positive results during intraoperative FFS diagnosis (2/40, 5%). In addition, on CD66b staining, six cases (9%) experienced changes in results, which altered the sensitivity and specificity of intraoperative FFS compared with permanent histology only to 87% and 87%, respectively. In conclusion, the diagnostic performance of intraoperative FFS is high and comparable to yields of permanent section histology. Therefore, intraoperative FFS is highly suitable diagnostic method for detection of infection during joint arthroplasty. And CD66b immunostaining facilitates delicate identification of PMNs, especially in equivocal cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yoo
- Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - S Park
- Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
| | - E Choi
- Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea.
| | - S H Sung
- Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Department of Pathology, 1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea
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Wu J, Ding V, Luo S, Choi E, Hellyer J, Myall N, Henry S, Wood D, Stehr H, Ji H, Nagpal S, Hayden Gephart M, Wakelee H, Neal J, Han S. P62.02 A Predictive Model to Guide Brain MRI Surveillance in Patients With Metastatic Lung Cancer: Impact on Real World Outcomes. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ellebrecht C, Choi E, Radaelli E, Payne A. 470 Engineering chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells for treatment of γδ T cell lymphomas. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.02.494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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35
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Jang Y, Choi E, Rhee MK, Yoon H, Park NS, Chiriboga DA. Older Korean Americans' concern about Alzheimer's disease: the role of immigration-related factors and objective and subjective cognitive status. Aging Ment Health 2021; 25:807-813. [PMID: 32003243 PMCID: PMC7392805 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2020.1720596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: The present study examined the associations between immigration-related factors and objective and subjective cognitive status with older Korean Americans' concern about developing Alzheimer's Disease (AD). It was hypothesized that (1) AD concern would be associated with immigration-related factors and (2) self-rated cognitive status would mediate the relationship between cognitive performance (Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores) and concern about AD.Method: Using data from the Study of Older Korean Americans (n = 2061, mean age = 73.2; 66.8% female), the direct and indirect effect models were tested.Results: Korean American immigrants with a higher level of acculturation had better cognitive performance, more positive self-ratings of cognitive status, and a lower level of concern about AD. Both poor cognitive performance and negative self-ratings of cognitive status were associated with increased concern about AD. Supporting the mediation hypothesis, the indirect effect of cognitive performance on AD concern through self-rated cognitive status was significant (bias corrected 95% confidence interval for the indirect effect = -.012, -.003).Conclusion: The mediation model not only helps us better understand the psychological mechanisms that underlie the link between cognitive status and AD concern but also highlights the potential importance of subjective perceptions about cognitive status as an avenue for interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Jang
- Edward R. Roybal Institute on Aging, Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - E. Choi
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - M. K. Rhee
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - H. Yoon
- School of Social Work, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas, USA
| | - N. S. Park
- School of Social Work, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - D. A. Chiriboga
- Department of Child and Family Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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Hsue W, Sharpe AN, Darling SL, Visser LC, Choi E, Stern JA. Aorto-left atrial fistula secondary to infective aortic endocarditis and endarteritis in a cat with valvular aortic stenosis. J Vet Cardiol 2021; 35:101-107. [PMID: 33906113 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2021.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A cat previously diagnosed with valvular aortic stenosis developed acute respiratory distress. A new continuous heart murmur was noted on physical exam. Echocardiographic examination revealed vegetative lesions on the aortic valve and continuously shunting blood flow from the aorta into the left atrium. Despite initial treatment for left-sided congestive heart failure, the cat died suddenly. In addition to confirming aortic valve endocarditis and an acquired aorto-left atrial shunt, pathological examination identified vegetative lesions on the luminal surface of the ascending aorta. Although antemortem aerobic blood culture, 16s bacterial ribosomal DNA PCR, and Bartonella PCR failed to identify causative organisms, Escherichia coli was identified on postmortem tissue culture of the aortic lesion. This represented a unique case of primary valvular aortic stenosis with secondary infective aortic endocarditis, infective aortic endarteritis, and aorto-left atrial fistula in a cat. It highlighted potential adverse outcomes of aortic stenosis that are more commonly recognized in humans and dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Hsue
- William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California - Davis, One Garrod Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - A N Sharpe
- William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California - Davis, One Garrod Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - S L Darling
- William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California - Davis, One Garrod Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - L C Visser
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, One Garrod Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - E Choi
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, One Garrod Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - J A Stern
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California - Davis, One Garrod Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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37
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Baralo B, Paravathaneni M, Jain A, Choi E, Thirumaran R. HSR21-044: Tumors of Distal Biliary Tract: Demographics and Survival Analysis. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2021. [DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2020.7737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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38
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Baralo B, Paravathaneni M, Jain A, Choi E, Thirumaran R. EPR21-033: Testicular Cancer Trends and Disparities in the United States. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2021. [DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2020.7735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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39
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Choi E, Towe M, Huynh L, El-Khatib F, Yafi F, Ahlering T. 015 Predictive Ability of Free Testosterone on Sexual Function in Prostate cCncer. J Sex Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2021.01.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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40
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Huynh L, Huang E, Choi E, El-Khatib F, Yafi F. 153 Is Immediate Preoperative Blood Glucose or Hemoglobin a1c a Risk Factor for Infection Following Penile Prosthesis Placement? A Systematic Review of Literature. J Sex Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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41
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Xu P, Choi E, El-Khatib F, Kavoussi P, Yafi F. 034 Post-market Safety and Efficacy Profile of Subcutaneous Testosterone Enanthate-autoinjector. J Sex Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2021.01.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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42
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Choi E, Xu P, Loeb C, El-Khatib F, Yafi F, Kavoussi P. 027 Comparison of Outcomes for Hypogonadal Men Treated with Intramuscular Testosterone Cypionate Versus Subcutaneous Testosterone Enanthate. J Sex Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2021.01.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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43
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El-Khatib F, Huynh L, Osman M, Choi E, Yafi F, Ahlering T. 158 Penile Length Shortening Following Robot-assisted Radical Prostatectomy: Impacts on Erections and Sexual Bother. J Sex Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2021.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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44
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Masterson J, Zhao H, Choi E, Anger J. 124 Sex, Drugs, and Ischemic Priapism: Insights into the Culture Surrounding Recreational use of Intracavernosal Injectables in an Urban Population. J Sex Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2021.01.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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45
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Choi E, Wiseman T, Gordon C, Betihavas V. Beyond the Biomedical Paradigm! The Biomedical, Socioeconomic and Demographic Predictors of Heart Failure Readmissions. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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46
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Choi E, Luo S, Tammemägi M, Aredo J, Marchand L, Cheng I, Wakelee H, Han S. PR01.02 Smoking Cessation After Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Risk of Second Primary Lung Cancer: The Multiethnic Cohort Study. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2020.10.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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47
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Lu H, Molony RD, Chen D, Jang S, Wolf B, Ewert S, Flaherty M, Xu F, Isim S, Shim Y, Dornelas C, Balke N, Leber XC, Scharenberg M, Koelln J, Choi E, Ward R, Johnson J, Calzascia T, Isnardi I, Williams JA, Lindenbergh PL, van de Donk NWCJ, Mutis T, Huet H, Lees E, Meyer MJ. Development of Anti-CD32b Antibodies with Enhanced Fc Function for the Treatment of B and Plasma Cell Malignancies. Mol Cancer Ther 2020; 19:2089-2104. [PMID: 32847974 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The sole inhibitory Fcγ receptor CD32b (FcγRIIb) is expressed throughout B and plasma cell development and on their malignant counterparts. CD32b expression on malignant B cells is known to provide a mechanism of resistance to rituximab that can be ameliorated with a CD32b-blocking antibody. CD32b, therefore, represents an attractive tumor antigen for targeting with a monoclonal antibody (mAb). To this end, two anti-CD32b mAbs, NVS32b1 and NVS32b2, were developed. Their complementarity-determining regions (CDR) bind the CD32b Fc binding domain with high specificity and affinity while the Fc region is afucosylated to enhance activation of FcγRIIIa on immune effector cells. The NVS32b mAbs selectively target CD32b+ malignant cells and healthy B cells but not myeloid cells. They mediate potent killing of opsonized CD32b+ cells via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and phagocytosis (ADCC and ADCP) as well as complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). In addition, NVS32b CDRs block the CD32b Fc-binding domain, thereby minimizing CD32b-mediated resistance to therapeutic mAbs including rituximab, obinutuzumab, and daratumumab. NVS32b mAbs demonstrate robust antitumor activity against CD32b+ xenografts in vivo and immunomodulatory activity including recruitment of macrophages to the tumor and enhancement of dendritic cell maturation in response to immune complexes. Finally, the activity of NVS32b mAbs on CD32b+ primary malignant B and plasma cells was confirmed using samples from patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and multiple myeloma. The findings indicate the promising potential of NVS32b mAbs as a single agent or in combination with other mAb therapeutics for patients with CD32b+ malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihui Lu
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
| | - Ryan D Molony
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Dongshu Chen
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Sunyoung Jang
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Babette Wolf
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Ewert
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Meghan Flaherty
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Fangmin Xu
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Sinan Isim
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Yeonju Shim
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Nicole Balke
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Johanna Koelln
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Eugene Choi
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Rebecca Ward
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer Johnson
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Juliet A Williams
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Pieter L Lindenbergh
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Niels W C J van de Donk
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tuna Mutis
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Heather Huet
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Emma Lees
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Matthew J Meyer
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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Choi E, Whiteman K, Pai T, Hickman T, Johnson T, Friedman T, Parikh A, Gilbert M, Shen B, Weiss GJ, Ettenberg S, McGinness KE, Motz G. Abstract 2184: BOXR1030: A first-in-class CAR T-cell therapy co-expressing GOT2 enhances T-cell metabolic function for the treatment of GPC3-positive solid tumors. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2020-2184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
GPC3 is an oncofetal tumor antigen that is an attractive target for CAR T-cell therapy due to its highly restricted expression on normal tissue and high prevalence in several adult and pediatric solid tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma and squamous cell lung carcinoma. However, solid tumors create an unfavorable microenvironment that restricts critical nutrients, drives T-cell dysfunction, and inhibits the effectiveness of cellular therapies. BOXR1030 is a first-in-class engineered cell therapy identified from a screen of > 100 bolt-on transgenes, composed of a humanized GPC3-targeting CAR and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2 (GOT2) mitochondrial enzyme to enhance T-cell metabolic function. GOT2 plays a central metabolic role, linking multiple pathways involved in biosynthesis and cellular energy production, and addition of the GOT2 bolt-on leads to increased amino acid uptake and improved antioxidant capacity of BOXR1030 T cells. As the first product candidate from the BOXR platform, BOXR1030 represents a novel approach to modulate T-cell metabolism, specifically engineered to overcome immunosuppressive challenges that limit conventional CAR T cells.
In preclinical studies across tumor microenvironment (TME) conditions including hypoxia, nutrient restriction, and exhaustion driven by chronic stimulation, BOXR1030 T cells had improved function relative to control CAR T cells lacking the GOT2 bolt-on. These functional changes result in superior in vivo anti-tumor activity without altering target specificity. BOXR1030 activity is target-dependent with no evidence of off-target cytotoxicity or cytokine release in the presence of GPC3-negative cell lines. Binding specificity of BOXR1030 T cells was evaluated against > 5000 human membrane and secreted proteins, and no off-target CAR interactions were identified. In tumor-bearing NSG mice, no abnormalities in hematology, clinical chemistry, or gross pathology were observed with BOXR1030 treatment. In addition, no evidence for target-independent proliferation of BOXR1030 T cells was observed in vivo.
These preclinical data demonstrate the robust activity and specificity of BOXR1030 and support clinical investigation. BOXR1030 has potential application in GPC3-positive solid tumor indications with significant unmet medical need. IND-enabling studies are currently in progress to support a future first-in-human trial in subjects with GPC3-positive tumors.
Citation Format: Eugene Choi, Kathleen Whiteman, Tapasya Pai, Taylor Hickman, Tyler Johnson, Taylor Friedman, Avani Parikh, Madaline Gilbert, Binzhang Shen, Glen J. Weiss, Seth Ettenberg, Kathleen E. McGinness, Greg Motz. BOXR1030: A first-in-class CAR T-cell therapy co-expressing GOT2 enhances T-cell metabolic function for the treatment of GPC3-positive solid tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 2184.
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Choi E, El-Khatib F, Huynh L, Yafi F, Ahlering T. Climacturia and incontinence in post-radical prostatectomy. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)34041-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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