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Capillo G, Lauriano ER, Icardo JM, Siriyappagouder P, Kuciel M, Karapanagiotis S, Zaccone G, Fernandes JMO. Structural Identification of the Pacemaker Cells and Expression of Hyperpolarization-Activated Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated (HCN) Channels in the Heart of the Wild Atlantic Cod, Gadus morhua (Linnaeus, 1758). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7539. [PMID: 34299159 PMCID: PMC8307021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels are proteins that contain highly conserved functional domains and sequence motifs that are correlated with their unique biophysical activities, to regulate cardiac pacemaker activity and synaptic transmission. These pacemaker proteins have been studied in mammalian species, but little is known now about their heart distribution in lower vertebrates and c-AMP modulation. Here, we characterized the pacemaker system in the heart of the wild Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), with respect to primary pacemaker molecular markers. Special focus is given to the structural, ultrastructural and molecular characterization of the pacemaker domain, through the expression of HCN channel genes and the immunohistochemistry of HCN isoforms, including the location of intracardiac neurons that are adjacent to the sinoatrial region of the heart. Similarly to zebrafish and mammals, these neurons are immunoreactive to ChAT, VAChT and nNOS. It has been shown that cardiac pacemaking can be modulated by sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways, and the existence of intracardiac neurons projecting back to the central nervous system provide a plausible link between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gioele Capillo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Polo Universitario dell’Annunziata, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
- Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology—National Research Council (IRBIM, CNR), Spianata S. Raineri, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Eugenia R. Lauriano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Jose M. Icardo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Poligono de Cazona, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain
| | | | - Michal Kuciel
- Poison Information Centre, Department of Toxicology and Environmental Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Kopernika 15, 30-501 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Stelios Karapanagiotis
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, 8026 Bodø, Norway; (P.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Giacomo Zaccone
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Polo Universitario dell’Annunziata, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Jorge M. O. Fernandes
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, 8026 Bodø, Norway; (P.S.); (S.K.)
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2
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Icardo JM, Capillo G, Lauriano ER, Kuciel M, Aragona M, Guerrera MC, Zaccone G. The gas bladder of Pantodon buchholzi: Structure and relationships with the vertebrae. J Morphol 2020; 281:1588-1597. [PMID: 33034403 DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We report here on the histological and structural characteristics of the gas bladder, the vertebral morphology, and the bladder-vertebra relationships of the butterfly fish, Pantodon buchholzi. The bladder opens at the boundary between the pharynx and the esophagus by a middle slit. A pneumatic duct is absent. The bladder shows a dorsolateral wall that adapts to the anfractuosities of the coelomic cavity and a ventral wall in contact with the abdominal organs. The vertebral bodies are formed by an hourglass shaped autocentrum, and by an arcocentrum reduced to several longitudinal ridges. The transverse processes adopt the structure of a cage whose walls are formed by bone trabeculae of variable size and distribution pattern. The dorsolateral wall of the bladder is a membrane that covers the kidney, adapts to the irregular shape of the vertebrae, and invades the transverse processes at several points before extending laterally. However, invasion of the vertebral bodies, the presence of a labyrinth, or the formation of respiratory parenchyma were not observed. The luminal surface of this wall is a thin respiratory barrier containing a single epithelial cell type. In addition, the wall contains numerous eosinophils that may be implicated in immune defense. The bladder ventral wall is a membrane rich in collagen, vessels, smooth muscle, and nerves that lacks a respiratory barrier. Its luminal surface contains ciliated and nonciliated cells. The two cell types appear implicated in surfactant production.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Icardo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Gioele Capillo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Eugenia R Lauriano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Michal Kuciel
- Poison Information Centre, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Crakow, Poland
| | - Marialuisa Aragona
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Guerrera
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giacomo Zaccone
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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3
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Różański JJ, Capillo G, Lauriano ER, Aragona M, Kuciel M, Zaccone G, Żuwała KD. Ultrastructural and immunocytochemical studies on the olfactory receptor neurons in the
Ichthyosaura alpestris. ACTA ZOOL-STOCKHOLM 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/azo.12351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Józef J. Różański
- Department of Comparative Anatomy Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Researches Faculty of Biology Jagiellonian University in Krakow Kraków Poland
| | - Gioele Capillo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata University of Messina Messina Italy
| | - Eugenia R. Lauriano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences University of Messina Messina Italy
| | - Marialuisa Aragona
- Department of Veterinary Sciences Polo Universitario dell'Annunziata University of Messina Messina Italy
| | - Michał Kuciel
- Department of Toxicology and Environmental Disease Faculty of Medicine Poison Information Centre Jagiellonian University Cracow Poland
| | - Giacomo Zaccone
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging Polo Universitario dell’Annunziata University of Messina Messina Italy
| | - Krystyna D. Żuwała
- Department of Comparative Anatomy Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Researches Faculty of Biology Jagiellonian University in Krakow Kraków Poland
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Lauriano ER, Pergolizzi S, Aragona M, Montalbano G, Guerrera MC, Crupi R, Faggio C, Capillo G. Intestinal immunity of dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula spiral valve: A histochemical, immunohistochemical and confocal study. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2019; 87:490-498. [PMID: 30711492 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study describes histochemical and immunohistochemical characteristics of the spiral valve and its associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) in the dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula. The mucosal surface of the spiral valve represents the first line of defense against pathogens coming from the external environment through food. Epithelial, mucus and immune cells play a key role in controlling the inflammatory response. Valve intestine of S. canicula had many folds lined by simple columnar cells and goblet cells, which later reacted positive to PAS, AB and AB-PAS, histochemical stains differentiated the different types of mucins; lectin histochemistry (PNA and WGA), detected neutral and acid mucins secreted that plays an important role in protection against invading pathogens. Integrin α5β1 was expressed in enterocytes that line the valve's folds with greater marking in the apical part of the cells. Laminin was found on the apical side of the epithelium, in fibrillar and cellular elements of the lamina propria and in the muscularis mucosa. In the spiral valve gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) has been studied. For the first time, massive leucocytes aggregates were identified by confocal immunofluorescence techniques, using the following antibodies: TLR2, S100, Langerin/CD207. Our results expand knowledge about Dogfish valve intestine giving important news in understanding comparative immunology.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Lauriano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - S Pergolizzi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - M Aragona
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab, Italy Polo Universitario Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - G Montalbano
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab, Italy Polo Universitario Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - M C Guerrera
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Zebrafish Neuromorphology Lab, Italy Polo Universitario Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - R Crupi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - C Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy.
| | - G Capillo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
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Lauriano ER, Faggio C, Capillo G, Spanò N, Kuciel M, Aragona M, Pergolizzi S. Immunohistochemical characterization of epidermal dendritic-like cells in giant mudskipper, Periophthalmodon schlosseri. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2018; 74:380-385. [PMID: 29337248 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Giant Mudskipper, Periophthalmodon schlosseri (Pallas, 1770), is euryhaline, amphibious, and air-breathing fish. These fishes live in close association to mangrove forests and often spend over 90% of time out of water, in adjacent mudflats. They have developed morphological and physiological adaptations to satisfy their unique lifestyles. The skin is the primary interface between the body and the environment, and has a central role in host defence. The initiation of immune responses to antigens in the vertebrate skin has often been attributed to epidermal Langerhans'cells (LC) that are dendritic cells (DC), antigen-presenting cells (APC) which reside in the epidermis. Dendritic cells have been characterized morphologically and functionally in the teleost fish tissues such as rainbow trout, salmonids, medaka, African catfish and zebrafish. However, there is no evidence of the presence of DCs and their role in mudskippers immunity. The aim of this preliminary study was to characterize, through use of specific antibodies: Toll-like receptor 2, S100, serotonin (5-HT), and Vesicular acetylcholine transporter VAChT, a specific DC-like subpopulation in Pn. schlosseri's epidermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Lauriano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - C Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
| | - G Capillo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - N Spanò
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - M Kuciel
- Poison Information Centre, Department of Toxicology and Environmental Disease, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Kopernika 15, 31-105 Krakow, Poland
| | - M Aragona
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - S Pergolizzi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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Icardo JM, Colvee E, Kuciel M, Lauriano ER, Zaccone G. The lungs ofPolypterus senegalusandErpetoichthys calabaricus: Insights into the structure and functional distribution of the pulmonary epithelial cells. J Morphol 2017; 278:1321-1332. [DOI: 10.1002/jmor.20715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- José M. Icardo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology; Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria; Santander 39011 Spain
| | - Elvira Colvee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology; Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria; Santander 39011 Spain
| | - Michal Kuciel
- Poison Information Centre, Department of Toxicology and Environmental Disease, Jagiellonian University Medical College; 31-501 Crakow Poland
| | - Eugenia R. Lauriano
- Department of Chemical; Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina; Messina I-98166 Italy
| | - Giacomo Zaccone
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging; University of Messina; Messina I-98166 Italy
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7
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Lauriano ER, Pergolizzi S, Capillo G, Kuciel M, Alesci A, Faggio C. Immunohistochemical characterization of Toll-like receptor 2 in gut epithelial cells and macrophages of goldfish Carassius auratus fed with a high-cholesterol diet. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2016; 59:250-255. [PMID: 27818343 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a group of pattern recognition molecules that play a crucial role in innate immunity. The structural conservation of the archaic TLR system suggests that the regulation of the immune response might be similar in fish and mammals. Several TLRs (TLR-1, -2, and -4) are expressed by activated macrophages, "foam cells" in human atherosclerotic lesions. To date, 20 different TLRs were identified in more than a dozen different fish species. In this study we found that feeding goldfish, Carrassius auratus, a high-cholesterol diet (HCD) resulted macrophage foam cell formation in the intestinal tissues. The expression of TLR2 has been found in foam cells and in the cytoplasm of enterocytes, however the staining was more intense at the apical surface of polarized intestinal epithelial cells and in the lamina propria. In the intestinal epithelial cells and in the lamina propria cells of the control fish the TLR2 was expressed at low levels. The intestinal epithelium is directly involved in the mucosal immune response through its expression of proinflammatory genes, release of inflammatory cytokines, and recruitment of inflammatory cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Lauriano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - S Pergolizzi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - G Capillo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - M Kuciel
- Department of Comparative Anatomy, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - A Alesci
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - C Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
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Icardo JM, Colvee E, Schorno S, Lauriano ER, Fudge DS, Glover CN, Zaccone G. Morphological analysis of the hagfish heart. II. The venous pole and the pericardium. J Morphol 2016; 277:853-65. [PMID: 27027779 DOI: 10.1002/jmor.20539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The morphological characteristics of the venous pole and pericardium of the heart were examined in three hagfish species, Myxine glutinosa, Eptatretus stoutii, and Eptatretus cirrhatus. In these species, the atrioventricular (AV) canal is long, funnel-shaped and contains small amounts of myocardium. The AV valve is formed by two pocket-like leaflets that lack a papillary system. The atrial wall is formed by interconnected muscle trabeculae and a well-defined collagenous system. The sinus venosus (SV) shows a collagenous wall and is connected to the left side of the atrium. An abrupt collagen-muscle boundary marks the SV-atrium transition. It is hypothesized that the SV is not homologous to that of other vertebrates which could have important implications for understanding heart evolution. In M. glutinosa and E. stoutii, the pericardium is a closed bag that hangs from the tissues dorsal to the heart and encloses both the heart and the ventral aorta. In contrast, the pericardium is continuous with the loose periaortic tissue in E. cirrhatus. In all three species, the pericardium ends at the level of the SV excluding most of the atrium from the pericardial cavity. In M. glutinosa and E. stoutii, connective bridges extend between the base of the aorta and the ventricular wall. In E. cirrhatus, the connections between the periaortic tissue and the ventricle may carry blood vessels that reach the ventricular base. A further difference specific to E. cirrhatus is that the adipose tissue associated with the pericardium contains thyroid follicles. J. Morphol. 277:853-865, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Icardo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria, 39011-, Santander, Spain
| | - Elvira Colvee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria, 39011-, Santander, Spain
| | - Sarah Schorno
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Ontario, N1G-2W1, Canada
| | - Eugenia R Lauriano
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, I-98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Douglas S Fudge
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Ontario, N1G-2W1, Canada
| | - Chris N Glover
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand
| | - Giacomo Zaccone
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, I-98166, Messina, Italy
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9
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Icardo JM, Colvee E, Schorno S, Lauriano ER, Fudge DS, Glover CN, Zaccone G. Morphological analysis of the hagfish heart. I. The ventricle, the arterial connection and the ventral aorta. J Morphol 2015; 277:326-40. [DOI: 10.1002/jmor.20498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José M. Icardo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine; University of Cantabria; Santander 39011 Spain
| | - Elvira Colvee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine; University of Cantabria; Santander 39011 Spain
| | - Sarah Schorno
- Department of Integrative Biology; University of Guelph; Ontario N1G-2W1 Canada
| | - Eugenia R. Lauriano
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging; University of Messina; Messina I-98166 Italy
| | - Douglas S. Fudge
- Department of Integrative Biology; University of Guelph; Ontario N1G-2W1 Canada
| | - Chris N. Glover
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Canterbury; Christchurch 8140 New Zealand
| | - Giacomo Zaccone
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging; University of Messina; Messina I-98166 Italy
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Marino A, Pergolizzi S, Lauriano ER, Santoro G, Spataro F, Cimino F, Speciale A, Nostro A, Bisignano G. TLR2 activation in corneal stromal cells byStaphylococcus aureus-induced keratitis. APMIS 2014; 123:163-8. [DOI: 10.1111/apm.12333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreana Marino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Health Products; University of Messina; Polo Annunziata; Messina Italy
| | - Simona Pergolizzi
- Department of Environmental Science, Territorial, Food and Health Security; University of Messina; Messina Italy
| | - Eugenia R. Lauriano
- Department of Environmental Science, Territorial, Food and Health Security; University of Messina; Messina Italy
| | - Giuseppe Santoro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and of Morphological and Functional Images; A.O.U. Policlinic ‘G. Martino’; University of Messina; Messina Italy
| | - Francesca Spataro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Health Products; University of Messina; Polo Annunziata; Messina Italy
| | - Francesco Cimino
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Health Products; University of Messina; Polo Annunziata; Messina Italy
| | - Antonio Speciale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Health Products; University of Messina; Polo Annunziata; Messina Italy
| | - Antonia Nostro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Health Products; University of Messina; Polo Annunziata; Messina Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bisignano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Health Products; University of Messina; Polo Annunziata; Messina Italy
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11
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Icardo JM, Colvee E, Lauriano ER, Capillo G, Guerrera MC, Zaccone G. The structure of the gas bladder of the spotted gar, Lepisosteus oculatus. J Morphol 2014; 276:90-101. [DOI: 10.1002/jmor.20323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José M. Icardo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Cantabria; 39011 Santander Spain
| | - Elvira Colvee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Cantabria; 39011 Santander Spain
| | - Eugenia R. Lauriano
- Department of Environmental Science, Territory, Food and Health Security (S.A.S.T.A.S.); University of Messina; I-98166 Messina Italy
| | - Gioele Capillo
- Department of Environmental Science, Territory, Food and Health Security (S.A.S.T.A.S.); University of Messina; I-98166 Messina Italy
| | - Maria C. Guerrera
- Istituto per L'Ambiente Marino Costiero; U.O.S. Di Messina; I-98122 Messina Italy
| | - Giacomo Zaccone
- Department of Environmental Science, Territory, Food and Health Security (S.A.S.T.A.S.); University of Messina; I-98166 Messina Italy
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12
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Marino A, Santoro G, Spataro F, Lauriano ER, Pergolizzi S, Cimino F, Speciale A, Nostro A, Bisignano G, Dugo G. Resveratrol role in Staphylococcus aureus-induced corneal inflammation. Pathog Dis 2013; 68:61-4. [PMID: 23661603 DOI: 10.1111/2049-632x.12046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Revised: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of trans-resveratrol on Staphylococcus aureus-induced keratitis. Rabbit corneas (intact corneas, abraded corneas and abraded corneas exposed to inactivated S. aureus strains) were placed in an ex vivo culture model. The abraded corneas exposed to S. aureus were divided into two 1-h-treatment sub-groups: corneas treated with trans-resveratrol and corneas treated with vehicle. The tissues were examined by immunohistochemical analyses and quantitative real-time RT-PCR to determine whether resveratrol could reduce TLR2-mediated recognition of S. aureus on epithelial cells and, if so, whether this reduction repressed the expression of inflammatory cytokines. The results demonstrated that resveratrol treatment effectively downregulated cell surface TLR2 on cells stimulated by S. aureus and reduced the expression of interleukin-8 gene. In addition, the corneal culture model tested, which is simple and reproducible, could be an alternative to in vivo animal testing for the development of novel specific therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreana Marino
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti per la Salute, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy.
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Zaccone D, Sengar M, Lauriano ER, Pergolizzi S, Macri’ F, Salpietro L, Favaloro A, Satora L, Dabrowski K, Zaccone G. Morphology and innervation of the teleost physostome swim bladders and their functional evolution in non-teleostean lineages. Acta Histochem 2012; 114:763-72. [PMID: 22277162 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2012.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Revised: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 01/05/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Swim bladders and lungs are homologous structures. Phylogenetically ancient actinopterygian fish such as Cladistians (Polypteriformes), Ginglymods (Lepisosteids) and lungfish have primitive lungs that have evolved in the Paleozoic freshwater earliest gnathostomes as an adaptation to hypoxic stress. Here we investigated the structure and the role of autonomic nerves in the physostome swim bladder of the cyprinid goldfish (Carassius auratus) and the respiratory bladder of lepisosteids: the longnose gar and the spotted gar (Lepisosteus osseus and L. oculatus) to demonstrate that these organs have different innervation patterns that are responsible for controlling different functional aspects. The goldfish swim bladder is a richly innervated organ mainly controlled by cholinergic and adrenergic innervation also involving the presence of non-adrenergic non-cholinergic (NANC) neurotransmitters (nNOS, VIP, 5-HT and SP), suggesting a simple model for the regulation of the swim bladder system. The pattern of the autonomic innervation of the trabecular muscle of the Lepisosteus respiratory bladder is basically similar to that of the tetrapod lung with overlapping of both muscle architecture and control nerve patterns. These autonomic control elements do not exist in the bladders of the two species studied since they have very different physiological roles. The ontogenetic origin of the pulmonoid swim bladder (PSB) of garfishes may help understand how the expression of these autonomic control substances in the trabecular muscle is regulated including their interaction with the corpuscular cells in the respiratory epithelium of this bimodal air-breathing fish.
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Trombetta D, Puglia C, Perri D, Licata A, Pergolizzi S, Lauriano ER, De Pasquale A, Saija A, Bonina FP. Effect of polysaccharides from Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) cladodes on the healing of dermal wounds in the rat. Phytomedicine 2006; 13:352-8. [PMID: 16635743 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2005.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2003] [Accepted: 06/06/2005] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In traditional medicine extracts of polysaccharide-containing plants are widely employed for the treatment of skin and epithelium wounds and of mucous membrane irritation. The extracts of Opuntia ficus-indica cladodes are used in folk medicine for their antiulcer and wound-healing activities. The present study describes the wound-healing potential of two lyophilized polysaccharide extracts obtained from O. ficus-indica (L.) cladodes applied on large full-thickness wounds in the rat. When topically applied for 6 days, polysaccharides with a molecular weight (MW)>10(4)Da from O. ficus-indica cladodes induce a beneficial effect on cutaneous repair in this experimental model; in particular the topical application of O. ficus-indica extracts on skin lesions accelerates the reepithelization and remodelling phases, also by affecting cell-matrix interactions and by modulating laminin deposition. Furthermore, the wound-healing effect is more marked for polysaccharides with a MW ranging 10(4)-10(6)Da than for those with MW>10(6)Da, leading us to suppose that the fine structure of these polysaccharides and thus their particular hygroscopic, rheologic and viscoelastic properties may be essential for the wound-healing promoter activity observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Trombetta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Catania, Italy.
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15
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Galati EM, Mondello MR, Lauriano ER, Taviano MF, Galluzzo M, Miceli N. Opuntia ficus indica (L.) Mill. fruit juice protects liver from carbon tetrachloride-induced injury. Phytother Res 2005; 19:796-800. [PMID: 16220574 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.1741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The protective effects of the juice of Opuntia ficus indica fruit (prickly pear) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-induced hepatotoxicity were examined in rats. The animals were treated orally with the juice (3 mL/rat) 2 h after administration of the hepatotoxic agent. Preventive effects were studied by giving the juice (3 mL/rat) for 9 consecutive days. On day 9 the rats received the hepatotoxic agent. Morphological and biochemical evaluations were carried out 24, 48 and 72 h after induction of the hepatic damage. Data show that O. ficus indica fruit juice administration exerts protective and curative effects against the CCl(4)-induced degenerative process in rat liver. Histology evaluation revealed a normal hepatic parenchyma at 48 h; the injury was fully restored after 72 h. Moreover, a significant reduction in CCl(4)-induced increase of GOT and GPT plasma levels is evident; these data are in agreement with the functional improvement of hepatocytes. O. ficus indica fruit juice contains many phenol compounds, ascorbic acid, betalains, betacyanins, and a flavonoid fraction, which consists mainly of rutin and isorhamnetin derivatives. Hepatoprotection may be related to the flavonoid fraction of the juice, but other compounds, such as vitamin C and betalains could, synergistically, counteract many degenerative processes by means of their antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Galati
- Pharmaco-Biological Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Messina, Vill. SS. Annunziata, Italy.
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Mauceri A, Fasulo S, Ainis L, Licata A, Lauriano ER, Martínez A, Mayer B, Zaccone G. Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) expression in the epithelial neuroendocrine cell system and nerve fibers in the gill of the catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis. Acta Histochem 1999; 101:437-48. [PMID: 10611932 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-1281(99)80044-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We studied immunohistochemically the localization of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in gills of an Indian catfish species, Heteropneustes fossilis. It is shown that most of the epithelial neuroendocrine cells that are present in gill filaments and lamellae stained positively. Co-localization of nNOS and endothelin was also shown in neuroendocrine cells. A dense plexus of nNOS-containing nerve fibers was present beneath the gill epithelium, associated with efferent filament arteries and the basal side of neuroendocrine cells. nNOS immunopositive neurons were not found in gill areas. nNOS immunopositive neuroendocrine cells appeared to differ from neuroepithelial cells in gills of various teleost species, which are considered as oxygen-sensitive receptors and are present in the distal halves of gill filaments. Other types of neuroendocrine cells have been identified previously in other areas of gills using antibodies to serotonin and endothelin peptides. These cell types are likely to be involved in chemical regulation of the physiology of gill cells. In relation to the function of the other cell types, our data on nNOS localization suggest that NO is a wide-spread transmitter in the gill of the Indian catfish. It may play a role both in the local regulation of vascular tone and in inhibitory innervation of the gill.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mauceri
- Department of Animal Biology and Marine Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Messina, Italy
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Licata A, Mauceri A, Ainis L, Martella S, Ricca MB, Lauriano ER, Amato A. Immunohistochemical localization of bioactive substances in the epidermis of the earthworm, Lumbricus terrestris (Annelida, oligochaeta). Eur J Histochem 1999; 42:303-8. [PMID: 10068903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Serotonin (5HT), endothelin-big (ET-big) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) are present in some epithelial paraneuronal cells of vertebrates. In the invertebrates, we show for the first time, by immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase methods, the immunoreactions to antibodies raised to ET, 5-HT and NSE in the epidermis of the Lumbricus terrestris. It is assumed that the reactive cells are small granular cells that may have a paracrine action in the mechanisms of cell proliferation and secretory processes. The function of these bioactive substances in the epidermis of the earthworm awaits investigation. Phylogenetically it is very interesting that paraneuronal-like type of cells appear in such an ancient species of invertebrate which uses the epidermis for various functional activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Licata
- Department of Animal Biology and Marine Ecology, University of Messina, Faculty of Science, Italy
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Abstract
Immunohistochemical tests have demonstrated the presence of leu-5-enkephalin and other bioactive compounds (serotonin and neuron-specific enolase) in the basal cells of lingual taste buds in Ambystoma tigrinum; there was also a weak reaction for met-5-enkephalin. Similar reactions were obtained from particular cells dispersed within the lingual epithelium, which are provisionally identified as Merkel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zaccone
- Department of Animal Biology and Marine Ecology, University of Messina, Faculty of Science, Italy
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Zaccone G, Wendelaar Bonga SE, Flik G, Fasulo S, Licata A, Lo Cascio P, Mauceri A, Lauriano ER. Localization of calbindin D28K-like immunoreactivity in fish gill: a light microscopic and immunoelectron histochemical study. Regul Pept 1992; 41:195-208. [PMID: 1438989 DOI: 10.1016/0167-0115(92)90113-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The presence of calbindin D28K in fish (Heteropneustes fossilis) gill was studied by use of specific antibodies raised against chick duodenal 28 kDa calbindin in immunoperoxidase and electron-microscopic labelling experiments. Immunoreactivity for calbindin D28K, which has been observed in the intestine of a number of avian and mammalian species, is reported for the first time in the gill. It was primarily located in neuroendocrine (NE) cells. Some immunoreactivity was also located in the glycocalyx of the non-endocrine cells, i.e., the pavement cells, which have ultrastructural characteristics quite different from those of endocrine cells. The calbindin-immunopositive NE cells were ascertained in both gill filamental and lamellar epithelium. All the NE cells contained secretory granules as the most distinctive feature of these cells. Ultrastructurally, two types of NE cells were distinguished according to the morphology of their secretory granules. The calbindin immunoreactivity in the NE cells was stimulated when the calcium concentration of the ambient water was reduced. The present findings suggest that NE cells exert some as yet unidentified function related to calcium-mediated processes involving the expression of calbindin.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zaccone
- Department of Animal Biology and Marine Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Messina, Italy
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