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Sung E, Park W, Park J, Bazer FW, Song G, Lim W. Meptyldinocap induces implantation failure by forcing cell cycle arrest, mitochondrial dysfunction, and endoplasmic reticulum stress in porcine trophectoderm and endometrial luminal epithelial cells. Sci Total Environ 2024; 924:171524. [PMID: 38453072 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Meptyldinocap is a dinitrophenol fungicide used to control powdery mildew. Although other dinitrophenol pesticides have been found to exhibit reproductive toxicity, studies of meptyldinocaps are scarce. This study investigated the adverse effects of meptyldinocap on porcine trophectoderm (pTr) and porcine endometrial luminal epithelial (pLE) cells, which play crucial roles in implantation. We confirmed that meptyldinocap decreased cell viability, induced apoptosis, and inhibited proliferation by decreasing proliferation-related gene expression and inducing changes in the cell cycle. Furthermore, meptyldinocap treatment caused mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and disruption of calcium homeostasis. Moreover, it induces alterations in mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling cascades and reduces the migration ability, leading to implantation failure. Our findings suggest that meptyldinocap reduces the cellular functions of pTr and pLE cells, which are important for the implantation process, and interferes with interactions between the two cell lines, potentially leading to implantation failure. We also propose a mechanism by which the understudied fungicide meptyldinocap exerts its cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunho Sung
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonhyoung Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Fuller W Bazer
- Department of Animal Science, Center for Animal Biotechnology and Genomics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Sung E, Park J, Lee H, Song G, Lim W. Bifenthrin induces cell death in bovine mammary epithelial cells via ROS generation, calcium ion homeostasis disruption, and MAPK signaling cascade alteration. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2023; 196:105637. [PMID: 37945236 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Bifenthrin is one of the widely used synthetic pyrethroid insecticides, employed for various purposes worldwide. As lipophilic pyrethroids can easily bind to soil particles, which is why their residues are detected in various environments. Consequently, the toxicity of bifenthrin to non-target organisms can be regarded as an environmental concern. The toxic effects of bifenthrin have been studied in various animal models and cell lines; however, its toxic effects on cattle remain unclear. In particular, gaining insights into the toxic effects of bifenthrin on the mammary lactation system is crucial for the dairy industry. Therefore, we proceeded to investigate the toxic effects of bifenthrin on the bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T cells). We established that bifenthrin inhibited cell proliferation and triggered apoptosis in MAC-T cells. Additionally, bifenthrin induced mitochondrial dysfunction and altered inflammatory gene expression by disrupting mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and generating excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). We also demonstrated that bifenthrin disrupted both cytosolic and mitochondrial calcium ion homeostasis. Furthermore, bifenthrin altered mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades and downregulated casein-related genes. Collectively, we confirmed the multiple toxic effects of bifenthrin on MAC-T cells, which could potentially reduce milk yield and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunho Sung
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Park
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojun Lee
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Gerson-Gurwitz A, Goel V, Young N, Eam B, Stumpf C, Barrera M, Sung E, Staunton J, Chen J, Fish S, Chiang G, Thompson P. Dissection of cancer therapy combinations in RTK driven tumors using zotatifin (eFT226), a potent and selective eIF4A inhibitor. Eur J Cancer 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(20)31226-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Lee K, Lim S, Park H, Woo HY, Chang Y, Sung E, Jung HS, Yun KE, Kim CW, Ryu S, Kwon MJ. Subclinical thyroid dysfunction, bone mineral density, and osteoporosis in a middle-aged Korean population. Osteoporos Int 2020; 31:547-555. [PMID: 31720711 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-019-05205-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Thyroid dysfunction is associated with the loss of bone density (osteoporosis). However, the connection between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and osteoporosis remains controversial. This study found no apparent association between subclinical hypothyroidism or subclinical hyperthyroidism and bone mineral density (BMD) in the lumbar spine and femur. INTRODUCTION The present study examined the relationship between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and BMD in healthy middle-aged adults. METHODS A total of 25,510 healthy Koreans with normal free thyroxine levels were enrolled from January 2011 to December 2016, and 91% of subjects visited only once. The average age of the 15,761 women was 45, and the average age of the 9749 men was 48. Levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and BMD were recorded in all subjects. BMD was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS No apparent association was found between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and BMD in the lumbar spine, femur-neck, and proximal femur sites compared with a euthyroid group. Age, body mass index (BMI), and postmenopausal status affected BMD in women, and only BMI affected BMD in men. Subclinical hypothyroidism was independently associated with a lower risk of osteoporosis (odds ratio 0.657, 95% confidence interval 0.464-0.930) in 4710 postmenopausal women. CONCLUSIONS No apparent association was found between subclinical hypothyroidism or subclinical hyperthyroidism defined on single TSH measurement and BMD at the lumbar spine and femur in a large cohort of middle-aged men and women. Subclinical hypothyroidism was independently associated with a lower risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Lim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Y Woo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y Chang
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - E Sung
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H S Jung
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K E Yun
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - C W Kim
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Ryu
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M J Kwon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- Center for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Fujii H, Fujita A, Kanazawa H, Sung E, Sakai O, Sugimoto H. Localization of Parotid Gland Tumors in Relation to the Intraparotid Facial Nerve on 3D Double-Echo Steady-State with Water Excitation Sequence. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:1037-1042. [PMID: 31122915 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Reliable preoperative facial nerve mapping may help avoid or minimize facial nerve injury during parotid tumor resection. The purpose of this study was to investigate the diagnostic performance of the 3D double-echo steady-state with water excitation sequence in localizing parotid gland tumors through direct visualization of the intraparotid facial nerve in comparison with indirect methods of estimating the facial nerve location. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 91 parotid gland tumors in 90 patients who underwent surgical resection and preoperative MR imaging, including the 3D double-echo steady-state with water excitation sequence. The tumor locations were categorized as deep or superficial on the basis of direct and 3 indirect methods: the facial nerve line, retromandibular vein, and Utrecht line. Surgical localization was considered the criterion standard. The diagnostic performance for localizing deep lobe lesions using direct and indirect methods was calculated and compared using the McNemar test. RESULTS Surgical localization confirmed 75 superficial lesions and 16 deep lesions. The interobserver variability of the 3D double-echo steady-state with water excitation sequence was excellent (κ = 0.870). The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for localizing deep lobe lesions using the 3D double-echo steady-state with water excitation method were 97.8%, 87.5%, 100%, 100%, and 97.4%, respectively. These findings were significantly higher than the facial nerve line in sensitivity, the retromandibular vein in sensitivity, and the Utrecht line in accuracy and specificity (P < .05). Overall, the direct method was the most accurate, sensitive, and specific in localizing parotid gland tumors. CONCLUSIONS We can achieve higher diagnostic performance in localizing parotid gland tumors by directly visualizing the intraparotid facial nerve using the 3D double-echo steady-state with water excitation sequence compared with indirect methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Fujii
- From the Department of Radiology (H.F., A.F., H.K., H.S.), Jichi Medical University, School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - A Fujita
- From the Department of Radiology (H.F., A.F., H.K., H.S.), Jichi Medical University, School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - H Kanazawa
- From the Department of Radiology (H.F., A.F., H.K., H.S.), Jichi Medical University, School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - E Sung
- Departments of Radiology (E.S., O.S.)
| | - O Sakai
- Departments of Radiology (E.S., O.S.).,Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (O.S.).,Radiation Oncology (O.S.), Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - H Sugimoto
- From the Department of Radiology (H.F., A.F., H.K., H.S.), Jichi Medical University, School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
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Guan J, Laroia S, Dunlay M, Huang L, Yang G, Victor H, Sung E, Sun S, Wang S, O’Shea B, Nagpal P. Abstract No. 519 Does arterial feeder on cross-sectional imaging predict treatment response and survival after TACE for hepatocellular carcinoma? A multilevel analysis. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.01.564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Kim CW, Chang Y, Sung E, Ryu S. Sleep duration and progression to diabetes in people with prediabetes defined by HbA 1c concentration. Diabet Med 2017; 34:1591-1598. [PMID: 28734090 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the association between sleep duration and the risk of progression to diabetes among people with prediabetes, defined by HbA1c values. METHODS We conducted a cohort study in 17 983 adults who underwent health check-up examinations, including assessments of sleep duration and quality. Diabetes was defined as either HbA1c ≥48 mmol/mol (6.5%), or the use of antidiabetic medication. Time-dependent proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the association between sleep duration and the risk of progression to diabetes. RESULTS During 31,582 person-years of follow-up, 664 incident cases of diabetes were identified; the incidence rate was 21.0 per 1000 person-years. The multivariate adjusted hazard ratios for progression to diabetes in people with sleep durations of ≤5, 6 and ≥8 h compared with 7 h were 1.68 (95% CI 1.30-2.16), 1.44 (95% CI 1.17-1.76) and 1.23 (95% CI 0.85-1.78), respectively (P for quadratic trend <0.001). This association was partially mediated by biomarkers of adiposity, fatty liver and insulin resistance. CONCLUSION In this large study in young and middle-aged adults with prediabetes, we found an association between short sleep duration and the risk of progression to diabetes. Our findings suggest that sufficient sleep duration is important for delaying or preventing the progression of prediabetes to diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-W Kim
- Centre for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Centre, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine
| | - Y Chang
- Centre for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Centre, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine
| | - E Sung
- Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Ryu
- Centre for Cohort Studies, Total Healthcare Centre, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine
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Wei S, Shanker S, Ayyar V, Senaratne S, Sung E. General medical unit experience on Sunday physician led onsite discharge ward round. Intern Med J 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/imj.7_13462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Wei
- Department of General Medicine; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (SCGH); Nedlands Western Australia Australia
| | - S Shanker
- Department of General Medicine; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (SCGH); Nedlands Western Australia Australia
| | - V Ayyar
- Department of General Medicine; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (SCGH); Nedlands Western Australia Australia
| | - S Senaratne
- Department of General Medicine; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (SCGH); Nedlands Western Australia Australia
| | - E Sung
- Department of General Medicine; Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (SCGH); Nedlands Western Australia Australia
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Han A, Sung E, Platen P. Oral contraception and the menstrual cycle in exercise science and sports medicine research – Should it be considered? J Sci Med Sport 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2015.12.451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Sung E, Turan N, Ho PWL, Ho SL, Jarratt PDB, Waring RH, Ramsden DB. Detection of endocrine disruptors - from simple assays to whole genome scanning. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 35:407-14. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2012.01254.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chang Y, Ryu S, Sung E, Woo HY, Cho SI, Yoo SH, Ahn HY, Choi NK. Weight gain within the normal weight range predicts ultrasonographically detected fatty liver in healthy Korean men. Gut 2009; 58:1419-25. [PMID: 19505882 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2008.161885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We performed a prospective study to determine whether weight gain predicts future ultrasonographically detected fatty liver (USFL) in a lean adult population. METHODS Among 15,347 Korean male workers, aged 30-59 years, who participated in a health check-up programme in 2002, a USFL-free cohort of 4246 non-diabetic men was followed until September 2007. Alcohol consumption was assessed by a questionnaire. Weight change for each subject was calculated as the difference between baseline and subsequent measurements. Biochemical tests for liver and metabolic function were done. The primary outcome was ultrasound-diagnosed fatty liver. A standard Cox proportional hazards model and time-dependent Cox model were performed. RESULTS During 16,829.7 person-years of follow-up, 622 participants developed USFL. After adjusting for age, the period from visit 1 to visit 2, BMI, HDL-C, triglyceride, uric acid, alanine aminotransferase, and HOMA-IR, the risk for USFL increased with increasing quartiles of weight change (p for trend <0.001). This association remained significant when weight change and covariates, except age and the period from visit 1 to visit 2, were modelled as time-dependent variables. Subjects in the fourth quartile (weight gain > or =2.3 kg) were at significantly elevated risk for USFL (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR), 1.26; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.58). These associations did not change, even in normal weight men with a baseline BMI between 18.5 and 22.9 kg/m(2) (n = 2186). CONCLUSION Weight gain per se appears to increase the risk for developing USFL. Thus, avoiding weight gain, even among lean adult individuals, can be helpful in preventing this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Chang
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, 108 Pyung dong, Jongro-Gu, Seoul, Korea 110-746
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Secchi RL, Sung E, Hedley LR, Button D, Schreiber R. The neurotensin agonist NT69L improves sensorimotor gating deficits in rats induced by a glutamatergic antagonist, but not by dopaminergic agonists. Behav Brain Res 2009; 202:192-7. [PMID: 19463701 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2009.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2009] [Revised: 03/23/2009] [Accepted: 03/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An imbalance between different neurotransmitter systems is involved in the pathophysiological processes underlying schizophrenia. Since the neurotensin (NT) system modulates the activity of several of these neurotransmitters, drugs acting upon the NT system may act as novel antipsychotic drugs. This hypothesis is supported by studies with NT in animal models. For example, intracranial injection of NT improves sensorimotor gating in rats [Feifel D, Minor KL, Dulawa S, Swerdlow NR. The effects of intra-accumbens neurotensin on sensorimotor gating. Brain Research 1997;760:80-4]. NT-mimetics, such as NT69L, have been developed which are more resistant to enzymatic degradation than the native NT peptide. In the present study, the potential antipsychotic properties of NT69L were evaluated in a rat pre-pulse inhibition (PPI) paradigm. PPI is a measure of sensorimotor gating where a weak auditory stimulus, or pre-pulse, inhibits the startle response to a strong stimulus, or pulse. Schizophrenic patients exhibit deficits in their PPI response. This condition can be mimicked in rats with psychotomimetic drugs and the resulting PPI deficit is reversed by antipsychotic drugs. NT69L (0.1-10mg/kg i.p.) reversed disruptions of the PPI response induced by the NMDA antagonist dizocilpine (0.1mg/kg s.c.) for at least 1-h post-injection, but did not reverse disruptions induced by the dopaminergic agonists apomorphine and d-amphetamine (0.5 and 5mg/kg s.c., respectively). These results confirm that NT69L possesses antipsychotic-like activity and therefore could be beneficial in the treatment of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Secchi
- CNS Therapy Area, Department of Neurobehavior, Roche Pharmaceuticals, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
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Chang Y, Yoo T, Ryu S, Huh BY, Cho BL, Sung E, Park M, Yoo SH. Abdominal obesity, systolic blood pressure, and microalbuminuria in normotensive and euglycemic Korean men. Int J Obes (Lond) 2006; 30:800-4. [PMID: 16404402 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0803210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the relationship between abdominal obesity and microalbuminuria (MA) in normotensive, euglycemic Korean men. DESIGN A cross-sectional study at a health screening center. SUBJECTS A total of 1321 healthy, normotensive Korean men, aged 20-78 years, with a fasting plasma glucose level <100 mg/dl. MEASUREMENTS Height, weight, and waist; systolic blood pressure (SBP); diastolic blood pressures (DBP); urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR); fasting glucose, insulin, lipids, C-reactive protein (CRP), and white blood cell count. Waist circumference (WC) was used to indicate abdominal obesity and a single measurement of ACR was used to estimate MA. We also calculated body mass index (BMI) based on weight and height. RESULTS Mean BMI, WC, and SBP were significantly higher in subjects with MA than in those without (24.8+/-4.1 vs 23.8+/-2.7 kg/m2, 86+/-9 vs 83+/-8 cm, and 115+/-5 vs 112+/-7 mmHg, respectively). Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that only WC and SBP were independent predictors of MA. CONCLUSION WC and SBP were positively associated with MA in normotensive and euglycemic Korean men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Chang
- Medical Screening Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Republic of Korea
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Yoo S, Lee SY, Kim KN, Sung E. Obesity in Korean pre-adolescent school children: comparison of various anthropometric measurements based on bioelectrical impedance analysis. Int J Obes (Lond) 2006; 30:1086-90. [PMID: 16801945 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0803327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the relationships between body mass index (BMI), percentage-weight-for-height (PWH) and percentage body fat (PBF), and to compare their validity based on PBF with the BMI criteria of International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) for childhood obesity in Korean pre-adolescent school children. DESIGN Statistical comparative analysis for anthropometric measures. SUBJECTS Korean pre-adolescent children (438 boys and 454 girls, aged 8-12 years, mean BMI 19.5+/-3.4 kg/m2). MEASUREMENTS Body mass index and PWH were calculated as body size indices from height and weight. Hand-to-foot bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) was performed to obtain PBF values, with obese children defined as PBF above 35%. Sensitivity and specificity were displayed with the gold standard of PBF, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the performance of BMI and PWH in detecting obesity. RESULTS The prevalence of obesity varied by the criteria: 18.8% by Korean BMI standards for 95 percentile, 11% by the IOTF-BMI 30 kg/m2 and 29.4% by Korean PWH cutoffs. Body mass index and PWH were significantly correlated with PBF after adjusting for age, 0.910 (P<0.01) and 0.915 (P<0.01), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the PWH cutoffs were 0.909 and 0.882, respectively. The local BMI 95 percentiles had lower sensitivity (0.714) and specificity (0.790). The IOTF-BMI definition showed much lower sensitivity (0.457) and higher specificity (0.990). The BMI cutoffs corresponding with the highest accuracy were smaller than IOTF-BMI 30 kg/m2 for all age groups in both boys and girls. CONCLUSION The prevalence of obesity among Korean pre-adolescent children widely varied according to the diagnostic criteria applied. Universally recommended cutoffs for children by IOTF showed the lowest sensitivity among the criteria used, and may therefore underestimate obesity in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yoo
- Department of Family Medicine, SanggyePaik Hospital, Inje University, College of Medicine, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Hickman MS, Werner L, Mamalis N, Sung E, Goldstein D, Vroman DT, Pandey SK. Intraoperative explantation of two single-piece hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lenses due to surface deposits. Eye (Lond) 2005; 20:1054-60. [PMID: 16294206 DOI: 10.1038/sj.eye.6702124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To report clinical, pathological, and laboratory analyses of two cases of single-piece hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lenses (IOLs), which presented with significant surface deposits during implantation. METHODS The lenses were implanted with the manufacturer's recommended injector (loaded with Viscoat and Healon GV, respectively). Immediately after injection into the anterior chamber, areas on the lenses' surfaces were covered by deposits, which could not be entirely removed by irrigation/aspiration. The lenses were explanted and replaced with lenses of the same design. They underwent gross analyses, light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy for analysis of the elemental composition of the deposits. Liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy was also performed to identify the presence of proteins. RESULTS The deposits on the first lens had a granular appearance, forming a homogeneous layer mostly on the posterior lens surface. Larger crystal-like deposits were present mostly on the anterior surface of the second lens. Elemental analyses of the deposits in both cases revealed the presence of peaks of sodium, chloride, phosphate, and potassium, in addition to the peaks of carbon and oxygen (normal constituents of the lens material). Only protein components normally found in the anterior chamber during surgery, such as haemoglobin and albumin, were identified. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained suggest that the deposits in both cases may have resulted from crystallization of the ophthalmic viscosurgical device normally used during the loading of the IOLs into the cartridges.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Hickman
- John A Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
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Widemann BC, Sung E, Anderson L, Salzer WL, Balis FM, Monitjo KS, McCully C, Hawkins M, Adamson PC. Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of the methotrexate metabolite 2, 4-diamino-N(10)-methylpteroic acid. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2000; 294:894-901. [PMID: 10945838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel methotrexate (MTX) rescue agent carboxypeptidase-G(2) (CPDG(2)) converts >98% of plasma MTX to 2, 4-diamino-N(10)-methylpteroic acid (DAMPA) and glutamate in patients with MTX-induced renal failure and delayed MTX excretion. DAMPA is eliminated more rapidly than MTX in these patients, suggesting nonrenal elimination. The pharmacokinetics and metabolism of DAMPA were studied in four nonhuman primates with reverse-phase HPLC with UV, photodiode array detection, and mass spectroscopy. The mean peak plasma DAMPA concentration was 51 microM and the plasma disposition was described by a three-compartment open model with first order elimination. The mean clearance of DAMPA was 1.9 l/kg/h and the mean terminal half-life was 51 min. Forty-six percent of the dose was excreted in the urine as parent compound. Three DAMPA metabolites, hydroxy-DAMPA, DAMPA-glucuronide, and hydroxy-DAMPA-glucuronide, were identified in plasma and urine. These metabolites also were identified in plasma from patients who received CPDG(2) as an MTX rescue agent. The cytotoxicity of DAMPA and its effect on MTX cytotoxicity were assessed in the Molt-4 human leukemic cell line. DAMPA was not cytotoxic and did not significantly alter the cytotoxicity of MTX. In nonhuman primates metabolism of DAMPA is a major route of DAMPA elimination, and metabolism underlies the more rapid elimination of DAMPA versus MTX in patients with MTX-induced renal dysfunction after administration of CPDG(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Widemann
- Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Section, Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1928, USA.
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Park M, Kim J, Bae Y, Son B, Park Y, Lee B, Cho K, Kim D, Sung E, Yoon YW. CNS innervation of the urinary bladder demonstrated by immunohistochemical study for c-fos and pseudorabies virus. J Korean Med Sci 1997; 12:340-52. [PMID: 9288635 PMCID: PMC3054213 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.1997.12.4.340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to verify the functional and anatomical neural pathways which innervate the urinary bladder in the central nervous system of the rat. To identify the functional neural pathway, the urinary bladder was stimulated by infusing formalin for 2 h. Then, brain and spinal cord were dissected out and immunohistochemistry was done by using anti-c-fos antibody. Many c-fos immunoreactive (IR) neurons were identified in the telencephalic cortical areas and in several brainstem nuclei, which are known mostly to be related with urinary bladder. In the spinal cord, a number of c-fos IR neurons were found in the lamina I, IIo, dorsal gray commissure, sacral parasympathetic nucleus. To identify the anatomical neural pathway of the urinary bladder, Pseudorabies virus (PRV) was injected into the wall of urinary bladder and was identified with anti-PRV by using immunohistochemistry. Most PRV labeled neurons were found where c-fos IR neurons were identified and few of them were also in the areas where c-fos IR neurons were not found, e.g., prefrontal cortex, agranular insular cortex, and subfornical organ. In the spinal cord, PRV labeled cells were found all over the gray matter. The present study presents morphological evidence demonstrating the supraspinal areas are related with the neural control of the urinary bladder and most functional neural pathway of the urinary bladder is well consistent with the anatomical neural pathway except in some telencephalic cortical areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Park
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Korea
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Sung E, Neeley WE. A cost-effective system for performing therapeutic drug assays. I. Optimization of the theophylline assay. Clin Chem 1985; 31:1210-5. [PMID: 4006193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a cost-effective system for performing drug assays by using the COBAS BIO centrifugal analyzer and EMIT reagents. With the theophylline assay as a model, we were able to optimize both instrument and chemical parameters to allow assay of 2470 samples with a 100-test EMIT kit. This decreased current reagent costs from +2.00 per test for the Syva manual method to 9 cents per test for our proposed method. Within-run and between-run CVs are typically less than 3% and 6%, respectively.
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Abstract
Abstract
We have developed a cost-effective system for performing drug assays by using the COBAS BIO centrifugal analyzer and EMIT reagents. With the theophylline assay as a model, we were able to optimize both instrument and chemical parameters to allow assay of 2470 samples with a 100-test EMIT kit. This decreased current reagent costs from +2.00 per test for the Syva manual method to 9 cents per test for our proposed method. Within-run and between-run CVs are typically less than 3% and 6%, respectively.
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Neeley WE, Sung E, Griffin S. Design of a multirotor cuvette washer for use with the Cobas-Bio and FARA centrifugal analyzers. Clin Chem 1985; 31:781-2. [PMID: 3987009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Neeley WE, Sung E, Griffin S. Design of a multirotor cuvette washer for use with the Cobas-Bio and FARA centrifugal analyzers. Clin Chem 1985. [DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/31.5.781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Moosic JP, Sung E, Nilson A, Jones PP, McKean DJ. The selective solubilization of different murine splenocyte membrane fractions with lubrol WX and triton X-100 distinguishes two forms of Ia antigens. A cell surface (alpha, beta) and an intracellular (alpha, Ii, beta). J Biol Chem 1982; 257:9684-91. [PMID: 7050100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The selective solubilization of different murine lymphocyte membrane compartments with several nonionic detergents was used to study the subcellular distribution of two distinct forms of lymphocyte cell recognition structures (Ia antigens). Ia antigens were isolated with a monoclonal anti-Ia immunoadsorbent from murine splenocytes that had been solubilized with four different nonionic detergents. Analyses of the immunoprecipitates indicated that Lubrol WX was selectively solubilizing a subpopulation of Ia consisting of mature highly glycosylated alpha and beta polypeptides which were not associated with Ii polypeptide. A second Ia subpopulation consisting of less glycosylated cytoplasmic precursor alpha and beta polypeptides associated with Ii polypeptide was immunoprecipitated from the Lubrol WX-insoluble material after solubilizing this material with Triton X-100. Comparable results were obtained when HLA-DR antigens were similarly isolated from cultured human lymphoblastoid cells. This selective solubilization phenomenon was not unique to Ia antigens. Only mature highly glycosylated H-2K molecules were immunoprecipitated from the Lubrol WX-soluble material while the less glycosylated precursor H-2K molecules were immunoprecipitated from the Triton X-100-solubilized Lubrol-insoluble material. These data directly demonstrate that the Ii polypeptide is exclusively associated with the intracellular Ia antigen cytoplasmic precursor molecules. These data also indicate that, under the conditions used in these experiments, Lubrol WX does not completely solubilize integral membrane proteins that have previously been shown to be associated with the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
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Moosic JP, Sung E, Nilson A, Jones PP, McKean DJ. The selective solubilization of different murine splenocyte membrane fractions with lubrol WX and triton X-100 distinguishes two forms of Ia antigens. A cell surface (alpha, beta) and an intracellular (alpha, Ii, beta). J Biol Chem 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)34127-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Abstract
Hamsters alloantisera and a monoclonal antibody originally generated against antigens controlled by the murine I-Ek subregion, which cross-reacts with hamster cell surface antigens, have been used to define two distinct Ia-like complexes in the Syrian hamster. These complexes have been named alpha 1:beta 1 and alpha 2:beta 2 and are detected by hamster alloantisera or monoclonal antibody 14-4-4, respectively. For the three strains studied, alpha 1:beta 1 appears to be polymorphic in both alpha and beta chains, while the alpha 2:beta 2 complex is nonpolymorphic, as revealed by 2-D PAGE analyses. A third nonpolymorphic glycoprotein that appears to be the hamster's equivalent of the murine invariant chain (Ii) is associated with both the alpha 1:beta 1 and alpha 2:beta 2 complexes. In addition, we report the first biochemical detection of polymorphism between the closely related CB and MHA Syrian hamster strains.
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