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Silva-Neto HA, Barbeira PJS, Coltro WKT, Piccin E. 3D printing of electrochemical cell for voltammetric detection and photodegradation monitoring of folic acid in juice samples. Food Chem 2024; 444:138677. [PMID: 38359702 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
In this study, compact 3D-printed carbon black (CB) electrodes were manufactured for using in folic acid (FA) analysis in fruit samples. Before application in FA analysis, the electrode surfaces were characterized by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy and voltammetry using well-known redox probes. Square wave voltammetric study presented linear responses in the range between 10 and 200 µmol/L (R2 > 0.99), exhibited a suitable detection limit (LOD) of ∼ 5.1 µmol/L and acceptable performance in terms of reproducibility and anti-interference experiments. The analysis of FA in four different food samples using the proposed method agreed statistically with a comparative technique based on spectrophotometric measurements. Moreover, results from photostability experiments indicated that FA can be degraded after 5 and 20 min of UV exposure. These results successfully demonstrated the analytical feasibility of the 3D-printed electrodes as sensing material and for monitoring the photostability of FA in different fruit matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habdias A Silva-Neto
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, MG 31270-400, Brazil; Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74690-900, Brazil.
| | - Paulo J S Barbeira
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, MG 31270-400, Brazil
| | - Wendell K T Coltro
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74690-900, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, Campinas, SP 13084-971, Brazil
| | - Evandro Piccin
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, MG 31270-400, Brazil; Departamento do Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil.
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Diniz MCC, de Moura F, Machado Y, Coelho Neto J, Piccin E. A simple, quick and non-destructive approach for sampling drugs of abuse in tablets and blotter for qualitative analysis by paper spray mass spectrometry. Anal Methods 2023; 15:6259-6265. [PMID: 37955245 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01393f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
This study presents the development of a simple, fast, and inexpensive approach for the direct analysis of new psychoactive substances (NPS) in seized tablets and blotter paper, with improved sample preservation and increased analytical frequency. Paper triangles were gently rubbed against the surface of the samples containing synthetic drugs and then subjected to analysis by paper spray ionization mass spectrometry (PS-MS). Seized samples containing lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and several other substances from the classes of amphetamines, N-benzyl-substituted phenethylamines, synthetic cathinones, and synthetic cannabinoids, were analysed. Three types of paper were tested (filter paper, blotter paper, and synthetic paper) and several combinations of spray solvents were studied for the optimization. All samples were weighed and photographed before and after sequences of analysis in order to attest to the sample preservation. The results revealed that the approach is excellent for sample preservation, with less than 5% of mass loss even after 27 consecutive analyses. Moreover, no significant signal decreases were observed in mass spectrometry (MS) even after the experiments. It was possible to unequivocally identify illicit substances from seized samples (pills and blotter paper). By overcoming the solubilization and wet extraction process used for sample preparation, the waste was restricted to a volume of only 10 μL of solvent for the PS-MS analysis. The main advantage of our approach over existing methods is the sample preparation, which is simple and quick since the samples are just rubbed against the PS paper. This brings enormous benefits in terms of analytical frequency, economy of time and low consumption of solvents. Another important point is that the sample can remain intact for further analysis, which is crucial in forensic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana C C Diniz
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Ave., 6627, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Fabiana de Moura
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Ave., 6627, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Departamento de Química, Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais, Amazonas Ave., 5253, CEP 30421-169, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Yuri Machado
- Seção Técnica de Física e Química Legal, Divisão de Laboratórios, Instituto de Criminalística, Superintendência de Polícia Técnico-Científica, Polícia Civil de Minas Gerais, Augusto de Lima Ave., 1833, CEP 30110-017, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - José Coelho Neto
- Seção Técnica de Física e Química Legal, Divisão de Laboratórios, Instituto de Criminalística, Superintendência de Polícia Técnico-Científica, Polícia Civil de Minas Gerais, Augusto de Lima Ave., 1833, CEP 30110-017, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
- Departamento de Física, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Ave., 6627, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Evandro Piccin
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Antônio Carlos Ave., 6627, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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de Moura F, Diniz MCC, Machado Y, Ricoy CDR, Piccin E. Overview of the seized and examined pharmaceutical in the state of Minas Gerais-Brazil by the Civil Police from 2017 to 2022: A fundamental analysis of the recent impact over the drugs market. J Forensic Sci 2023. [PMID: 37098703 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
This work presents a data survey regarding the qualitative chemical analysis of drugs seized by the Police in the state of Minas Gerais between July 2017 and June 2022, including an evaluation of labeling of 265 samples of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) seized in 2020. The Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API) present in the samples were identified through chemical analysis and classified by system Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) methods. Analysis of the labeling information for 265 samples of AAS followed the guidance of legislation RDC 71 (2009) from ANVISA. For this study 6355 seized pharmaceuticals underwent qualitative chemical analysis that corresponded to 7739 APIs successfully identified and classified. Among the components studied AAS, psychostimulants, anesthetics, and analgesics were the most commonly examined. AAS seized and tested increased by over 100% and for the majority of the samples analyzed were found to not match the labeling on the packaging. In the meantime, anti-obesity drugs presented a prominent increase of 400% from 2020/1 to 2021/2, during covid-19 quarantine. Seized pharmaceuticals and tests can support information in the planning of public health and safety policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana de Moura
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Departamento de Química, Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mariana C C Diniz
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Yuri Machado
- Seção Técnica de Química e Física Legal - Divisão de Laboratório de Pesquisa, Instituto de Criminalística da Polícia Civil de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Cláudia D R Ricoy
- Seção Técnica de Química e Física Legal - Divisão de Laboratório de Pesquisa, Instituto de Criminalística da Polícia Civil de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Evandro Piccin
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Pereira HV, Pinto FG, Dos Reis MR, Garret TJ, Augusti R, Sena MM, Piccin E. A fast and effective approach for the discrimination of garlic origin using wooden-tip electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and multivariate classification. Talanta 2021; 230:122304. [PMID: 33934771 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents the combination of wooden-tip electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (WTESI-MS) and multivariate pattern recognition methods (principal component analysis, PCA and partial least squares discriminant analysis, PLS-DA) for the rapid and reliable discrimination, via chemical fingerprints, of garlic origin. A total of 312 garlic samples grown in different countries (Brazil, China, Argentina, Spain, and Chile) were studied. The methodology was based on a direct sampling approach, which relies on loading the sample by penetrating the garlic cloves with a pre-wetted wooden tip, followed by direct prompt analysis by WTESI-MS. Thus, no sample preparation is needed, which prevents the degradation of important metabolites and increases the analytical throughput. Parameters that affects the WTESI were optimized and the best performance in terms of signal stability and intensity was achieved using the positive ion mode. Most of the ions in WTESI mass spectra were assigned to amino acids, sugars, organosulfur compounds, and lipids. The discriminative model showed good performance (accuracy rates between 81.9% and 98.6%) and enabled identifying diagnostic ions for garlic samples from different origins. The differentiation and classification of garlic origin is of major importance as this food flavoring product is widely consumed, with worldwide trade representing billions of dollars every year, and is very often the subject of fraud.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebert V Pereira
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Frederico G Pinto
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa, 38810-000, Rio Paranaíba, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcelo R Dos Reis
- Department of Crop Production, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa, Rio Paranaíba, MG, Brazil
| | - Timothy J Garret
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, 32608, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Rodinei Augusti
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcelo M Sena
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology in Bioanalytics, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Evandro Piccin
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Amador VS, Moreira JS, Augusti R, Orlando RM, Piccin E. Direct coupling of paper spray mass spectrometry and four-phase electroextraction sample preparation. Analyst 2021; 146:1057-1064. [PMID: 33331369 DOI: 10.1039/d0an01699c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a novel coupling between a four-phase electroextraction (EE) system and paper spray mass spectrometry (PS-MS) for the extraction, pre-concentration, and direct analysis of target compounds in different samples. The approach, EE-PS-MS, is based on the sorption of analytes directly on the tip of a triangular-shaped chromatographic paper, with subsequent prompt analysis by PS-MS. Thus, no off-line extraction step is required before the PS analysis, improving the protocol efficiency and reducing the analysis time. In addition to functioning as a porous material to absorb the target compounds, the chromatographic paper also served as the support for one of the aqueous phases of the optimized four-phase electroextraction system. Extraction conditions, such as the composition of the donor and organic phases, applied electric potential, and extraction time, were optimized. Three different applications, involving biofluid, food, and water quality analysis, were evaluated as a proof-of-concept. These applications involved the determination of (i) cocaine and lidocaine in saliva, (ii) malachite green in tap water, and (iii) bisphenol A (BPA) in red wine. When compared with direct PS-MS, the novel EE-PS-MS protocol improved the sensitivities by factors ranging from 14 to 110, depending on the analyte and the sample. The electroextraction procedures were performed on a laboratory-built 66-well plate, which offered the functionality of simultaneous sample handling and, most importantly, improved analytical throughput.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Silva Amador
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Aquino A, Mayrink Alves Pereira G, Dossi N, Piccin E, Augusti R. Reagent-Pencil and Paper Spray Mass Spectrometry: A Convenient Combination for Selective Analyses in Complex Matrixes. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2021; 32:281-288. [PMID: 33176096 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The recent developments on fieldable miniature mass spectrometers require efforts to produce easy-to-use and portable alternative tools to assist in point-of-care analysis. In this paper, the reagent-pencil (RP) technology, which has been used for solvent-free deposition of reagents in paper-based microfluidics, was combined with paper spray ionization mass spectrometry (PS-MS). In this approach, named RP-PS-MS, the PS triangular piece of paper was written with the reagent pencil, consisting of mixtures of graphite and bentonite (used as a support) and a reactive compound, and allowed to react with a given analyte from a sample matrix selectively. We conducted typical applications as proof-of-principles to verify the methodology's general usefulness in detecting small organic molecules in distinct samples. Hence, various aldehydes (2-furaldehyde, valeraldehyde, and benzaldehyde) in spiked cachaça samples (an alcoholic drink produced from fermentation/distillation of sugarcane juice) were promptly detected using a reagent pencil doped with 4-aminophenol (the reactive compound). Similarly, we recognized typical ginsenosides and triacylglycerols (TAGs) in ginseng aqueous infusions and soybean oil samples, respectively, using lithium chloride as the reactive compound. The results indicate that the reagent-pencil methodology is compatible with PS-MS and provides an easy and fast way to detect target analytes in complex samples. The advantage over the usual solution-based deposition of reagents lies in the lack of preparation or carrying different specific solutions for special applications, which can simplify operation, especially in point-of-care analysis with fieldable mass spectrometers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Aquino
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, Belo Horizonte, 31270-400, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Giovana Mayrink Alves Pereira
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, Belo Horizonte, 31270-400, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Nicolò Dossi
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, Udine, I-33100, Italy
| | - Evandro Piccin
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, Belo Horizonte, 31270-400, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rodinei Augusti
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, Belo Horizonte, 31270-400, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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de Paula C, Jurisch M, Piccin E, Augusti R. Recognizing drug-facilitated crimes: Detection and quantification of benzodiazepines in beverages using fast liquid-liquid extraction with low temperature partitioning and paper spray mass spectrometry. Drug Test Anal 2018; 10:1348-1357. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.2395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Camila de Paula
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Marina Jurisch
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Evandro Piccin
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Rodinei Augusti
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil
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Dossi N, Petrazzi S, Toniolo R, Tubaro F, Terzi F, Piccin E, Svigelj R, Bontempelli G. Digitally Controlled Procedure for Assembling Fully Drawn Paper-Based Electroanalytical Platforms. Anal Chem 2017; 89:10454-10460. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Dossi
- Department
of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, via Cotonificio 108, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Stefano Petrazzi
- Department
of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, via Cotonificio 108, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Rosanna Toniolo
- Department
of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, via Cotonificio 108, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Franco Tubaro
- Department
of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, via Cotonificio 108, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Fabio Terzi
- Department
of Chemical and Geological Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 183, I-41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Evandro Piccin
- Department
of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rossella Svigelj
- Department
of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, via Cotonificio 108, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Gino Bontempelli
- Department
of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, via Cotonificio 108, I-33100 Udine, Italy
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Amador VS, Pereira HV, Sena MM, Augusti R, Piccin E. Paper Spray Mass Spectrometry for the Forensic Analysis of Black Ballpoint Pen Inks. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2017; 28:1965-1976. [PMID: 28477244 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1686-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This article describes the use of paper spray mass spectrometry (PS-MS) for the direct analysis of black ink writings made with ballpoint pens. The novel approach was developed in a forensic context by first performing the classification of commercially available ballpoint pens according to their brands. Six of the most commonly worldwide utilized brands (Bic, Paper Mate, Faber Castell, Pentel, Compactor, and Pilot) were differentiated according to their characteristic chemical patterns obtained by PS-MS. MS on the negative ion mode at a mass range of m/z 100-1000 allowed prompt discrimination just by visual inspection. On the other hand, the concept of relative ion intensity (RII) and the analysis at other mass ranges were necessary for the differentiation using the positive ion mode. PS-MS combined with partial least squares (PLS) was utilized to monitor changes on the ink chemical composition after light exposure (artificial aging studies). The PLS model was optimized by variable selection, which allowed the identification of the most influencing ions on the degradation process. The feasibility of the method on forensic investigations was also demonstrated in three different applications: (1) analysis of overlapped fresh ink lines, (2) analysis of old inks from archived documents, and (3) detection of alterations (simulated forgeries) performed on archived documents. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Silva Amador
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Hebert Vinicius Pereira
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Martins Sena
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Bioanalítica, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodinei Augusti
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Evandro Piccin
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Teodoro JAR, Pereira HV, Sena MM, Piccin E, Zacca JJ, Augusti R. Paper spray mass spectrometry and chemometric tools for a fast and reliable identification of counterfeit blended Scottish whiskies. Food Chem 2017; 237:1058-1064. [PMID: 28763950 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A direct method based on the application of paper spray mass spectrometry (PS-MS) combined with a chemometric supervised method (partial least square discriminant analysis, PLS-DA) was developed and applied to the discrimination of authentic and counterfeit samples of blended Scottish whiskies. The developed methodology employed the negative ion mode MS, included 44 authentic whiskies from diverse brands and batches and 44 counterfeit samples of the same brands seized during operations of the Brazilian Federal Police, totalizing 88 samples. An exploratory principal component analysis (PCA) model showed a reasonable discrimination of the counterfeit whiskies in PC2. In spite of the samples heterogeneity, a robust, reliable and accurate PLS-DA model was generated and validated, which was able to correctly classify the samples with nearly 100% success rate. The use of PS-MS also allowed the identification of the main marker compounds associated with each type of sample analyzed: authentic or counterfeit.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hebert Vinicius Pereira
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Martins Sena
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Evandro Piccin
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Jorge Jardim Zacca
- Polícia Federal, Ministério da Justiça, Instituto Nacional de Criminalística, 70390-145 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Rodinei Augusti
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Dossi N, Toniolo R, Impellizzieri F, Tubaro F, Bontempelli G, Terzi F, Piccin E. A paper-based platform with a pencil-drawn dual amperometric detector for the rapid quantification of ortho-diphenols in extravirgin olive oil. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 950:41-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Pereira HV, Amador VS, Sena MM, Augusti R, Piccin E. Paper spray mass spectrometry and PLS-DA improved by variable selection for the forensic discrimination of beers. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 940:104-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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de Paula CCA, Valadares A, Jurisch M, Piccin E, Augusti R. Paper spray mass spectrometry applied in the monitoring of a chemical system in dynamic chemical equilibrium: the redox process of methylene blue. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2016; 30:1176-1180. [PMID: 27060845 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The monitoring of chemical systems in dynamic equilibrium is not an easy task. This is due to the high rate at which the system returns to equilibrium after being perturbed, which hampers the possibility of following the aftereffects of the disturbance. In this context, it is necessary to use a fast analytical technique that requires no (or minimal) sample preparation, and which is capable of monitoring the species constituting the system in equilibrium. Paper spray ionization mass spectrometry (PS-MS), a recently introduced ambient ionization technique, has such characteristics and hence was chosen for monitoring a model system: the redox process of methylene blue. METHODS The model system evaluated herein was composed of three cationic species of methylene blue (MB), which coexist in a dynamic redox system: (1) [MB](+) of m/z 284 (cationic MB); (2) [MB + H + e](+•) of m/z 285 (the protonated form of a transient species resulting from the reduction of [MB](+) ); (3) [MB + 2H + 2e](+) or [leuco-MB + H](+) of m/z 286 (the protonated leuco form of MB). Aliquots of a MB solution were collected before and after the addition of a reducing agent (metallic zinc) and directly analyzed by PS-MS for identification of the predominant cationic species at different conditions. RESULTS The mass spectra revealed that before the addition of the reducing agent the ion of m/z 284 (cationic MB) is the unique species. Upon the addition of the reducing agent and acid, however, the solution continuously undergo discoloration while reduced species derived directly from cationic MB (m/z 285 and 286) are detected in the mass spectra with increasing intensities. Fragmentation patterns obtained for each ionic species, i.e. [MB](+) , [MB + H + e](+•) and [leuco-MB + H](+) , shown to be consistent with the proposed structures. CONCLUSIONS The PS-MS technique proved to be suitable for an in situ and 'near' real-time analysis of the dynamic equilibrium involving the redox of MB in aqueous medium. The data clearly demonstrated how the redox equilibrium shifts depending on the disturbance caused to the system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alberto Valadares
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Marina Jurisch
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Evandro Piccin
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Rodinei Augusti
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
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Piccin E, Capuano F, Calleri M, Pallavicini L. Study of CMV immunoassays for use with cadaveric samples. J Clin Virol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2015.07.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Dossi N, Terzi F, Piccin E, Toniolo R, Bontempelli G. Rapid Prototyping of Sensors and Conductive Elements by Day-to-Day Writing Tools and Emerging Manufacturing Technologies. ELECTROANAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201500361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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16
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Chagas CLS, Costa Duarte L, Lobo-Júnior EO, Piccin E, Dossi N, Coltro WKT. Hand drawing of pencil electrodes on paper platforms for contactless conductivity detection of inorganic cations in human tear samples using electrophoresis chips. Electrophoresis 2015; 36:1837-44. [PMID: 25929980 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes for the first time the fabrication of pencil drawn electrodes (PDE) on paper platforms for capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C(4) D) on electrophoresis microchips. PDE-C(4) D devices were attached on PMMA electrophoresis chips and used for detection of K(+) and Na(+) in human tear samples. PDE-C(4) D devices were produced on office paper and chromatographic paper platforms and their performance were thoroughly investigated using a model mixture containing K(+) , Na(+) , and Li(+) . In comparison with chromatographic paper, PDE-C(4) D fabricated on office paper has exhibited better performance due to its higher electrical conductivity. Furthermore, the detector response was similar to that recorded with electrodes prepared with copper adhesive tape. The fabrication of PDE-C(4) D on office paper has offered great advantages including extremely low cost (< $ 0.004 per unit), reduced fabrication time (< 5 min), and minimal instrumentation (pencil and paper). The proposed electrodes demonstrated excellent analytical performance with good reproducibility. For an inter-PDE comparison (n = 7), the RSD values for migration time, peak area, and separation efficiency were lower than 2.5, 10.5, and 14%, respectively. The LOD's achieved for K(+) , Na(+) , and Li(+) were 4.9, 6.8, and 9.0 μM, respectively. The clinical feasibility of the proposed approach was successfully demonstrated with the quantitative analysis of K(+) and Na(+) in tear samples. The concentration levels found for K(+) and Na(+) were, respectively, 20.8 ± 0.1 mM and 101.2 ± 0.1 mM for sample #1, and 20.4 ± 0.1 mM and 111.4 ± 0.1 mM for sample #2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyro L S Chagas
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Lucas Costa Duarte
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Evandro Piccin
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Nicolò Dossi
- Department of Food Science, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Wendell K T Coltro
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Bioanalítica (INCTBio), Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Dossi N, Toniolo R, Terzi F, Piccin E, Bontempelli G. Simple pencil-drawn paper-based devices for one-spot electrochemical detection of electroactive species in oil samples. Electrophoresis 2015; 36:1830-6. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Dossi
- Department of Food Science; University of Udine; Udine Italy
| | - Rosanna Toniolo
- Department of Food Science; University of Udine; Udine Italy
| | - Fabio Terzi
- Department of Chemical and Geological Science; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Modena Italy
| | - Evandro Piccin
- Department of Chemistry; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Brazil
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Dornelas KL, Dossi N, Piccin E. A simple method for patterning poly(dimethylsiloxane) barriers in paper using contact-printing with low-cost rubber stamps. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 858:82-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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19
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da Silva Ferreira P, Fernandes de Abreu e Silva D, Augusti R, Piccin E. Forensic analysis of ballpoint pen inks using paper spray mass spectrometry. Analyst 2015; 140:811-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4an01617c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Paper spray mass spectrometry (PS-MS) is explored as a simple, fast, and effective technique for the forensic analysis of inks in documents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila da Silva Ferreira
- Departamento de Química
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte 31270-901
- Brazil
| | | | - Rodinei Augusti
- Departamento de Química
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte 31270-901
- Brazil
| | - Evandro Piccin
- Departamento de Química
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte 31270-901
- Brazil
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Dossi N, Toniolo R, Piccin E, Susmel S, Pizzariello A, Bontempelli G. Pencil-Drawn Dual Electrode Detectors to Discriminate Between Analytes Comigrating on Paper-Based Fluidic Devices but Undergoing Electrochemical Processes with Different Reversibility. ELECTROANAL 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201300374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Dossi N, Toniolo R, Pizzariello A, Impellizzieri F, Piccin E, Bontempelli G. Pencil-drawn paper supported electrodes as simple electrochemical detectors for paper-based fluidic devices. Electrophoresis 2013; 34:2085-91. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2012] [Revised: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Dossi
- Department of Food Science; University of Udine; Udine; Italy
| | - Rosanna Toniolo
- Department of Food Science; University of Udine; Udine; Italy
| | | | | | - Evandro Piccin
- Department of Chemistry; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte; MG; Brazil
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Pessoa de Santana P, Segato TP, Carrilho E, Lima RS, Dossi N, Kamogawa MY, Gobbi AL, Piazzeta MH, Piccin E. Fabrication of glass microchannels by xurography for electrophoresis applications. Analyst 2013; 138:1660-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an36540a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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de Santana PP, de Oliveira IMF, Piccin E. Evaluation of using xurography as a new technique for the fabrication of disposable gold electrodes with highly reproducible areas. Electrochem commun 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2011.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Dossi N, Toniolo R, Pizzariello A, Carrilho E, Piccin E, Battiston S, Bontempelli G. An electrochemical gas sensor based on paper supported room temperature ionic liquids. Lab Chip 2012; 12:153-158. [PMID: 22076475 DOI: 10.1039/c1lc20663j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive and fast-responding membrane-free amperometric gas sensor is described, consisting of a small filter paper foil soaked with a room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL), upon which three electrodes are screen printed with carbon ink, using a suitable mask. It takes advantage of the high electrical conductivity and negligible vapour pressure of RTILs as well as their easy immobilization into a porous and inexpensive supporting material such as paper. Moreover, thanks to a careful control of the preparation procedure, a very close contact between the RTIL and electrode material can be achieved so as to allow gaseous analytes to undergo charge transfer just as soon as they reach the three-phase sites where the electrode material, paper supported RTIL and gas phase meet. Thus, the adverse effect on recorded currents of slow steps such as analyte diffusion and dissolution in a solvent is avoided. To evaluate the performance of this device, it was used as a wall-jet amperometric detector for flow injection analysis of 1-butanethiol vapours, adopted as the model gaseous analyte, present in headspace samples in equilibrium with aqueous solutions at controlled concentrations. With this purpose, the RTIL soaked paper electrochemical detector (RTIL-PED) was assembled by using 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide as the wicking RTIL and printing the working electrode with carbon ink doped with cobalt(II) phthalocyanine, to profit from its ability to electrocatalyze thiol oxidation. The results obtained were quite satisfactory (detection limit: 0.5 μM; dynamic range: 2-200 μM, both referring to solution concentrations; correlation coefficient: 0.998; repeatability: ±7% RSD; long-term stability: 9%), thus suggesting the possible use of this device for manifold applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Dossi
- Department of Food Science, University of Udine, via Cotonificio 108, I-33100 Udine, Italy
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Piccin E, Dossi N, Cagan A, Carrilho E, Wang J. Rapid and sensitive measurements of nitrate ester explosives using microchip electrophoresis with electrochemical detection. Analyst 2009; 134:528-32. [DOI: 10.1039/b813993h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Dossi N, Piccin E, Bontempelli G, Carrilho E, Wang J. Rapid analysis of azo-dyes in food by microchip electrophoresis with electrochemical detection. Electrophoresis 2007; 28:4240-6. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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27
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Piccin E, Coltro WKT, Fracassi da Silva JA, Neto SC, Mazo LH, Carrilho E. Polyurethane from biosource as a new material for fabrication of microfluidic devices by rapid prototyping. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1173:151-8. [PMID: 17964580 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.09.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2007] [Revised: 09/26/2007] [Accepted: 09/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents the use of elastomeric polyurethane (PU), derived from castor oil (CO) biosource, as a new material for fabrication of microfluidic devices by rapid prototyping. Including the irreversible sealing step, PU microchips were fabricated in less than 1h by casting PU resin directly on the positive high-relief molds fabricated by standard photolithography and nickel electrodeposition. Physical characterization of microchannels was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and profilometry. Polymer surface was characterized using contact angle measurements and the results showed that the hydrophilicity of the PU surface increases after oxygen plasma treatment. The polymer surface demonstrated the capability of generating an electroosmotic flow (EOF) of 2.6 x 10(-4)cm(2)V(-1)s(-1) at pH 7 in the cathode direction, which was characterized by current monitoring method at different pH values. The compatibility of PU with a wide range of solvents and electrolytes was tested by determining its degree of swelling over a 24h period of contact. The performance of microfluidic systems fabricated using this new material was evaluated by fabricating miniaturized capillary electrophoresis systems. Epinephrine and l-DOPA, as model analytes, were separated in aqueous solutions and detected with end-channel amperometric detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evandro Piccin
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Coltro WKT, Piccin E, Fracassi da Silva JA, Lucio do Lago C, Carrilho E. A toner-mediated lithographic technology for rapid prototyping of glass microchannels. Lab Chip 2007; 7:931-4. [PMID: 17594016 DOI: 10.1039/b702931d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A simple, fast, and inexpensive masking technology without any photolithographic step to produce glass microchannels is proposed in this work. This innovative process is based on the use of toner layers as mask for wet chemical etching. The layouts were projected in graphic software and printed on wax paper using a laser printer. The toner layer was thermally transferred from the paper to cleaned glass surfaces (microscope slides) at 130 degrees C for 2 min. After thermal transference, the glass channel was etched using 25% (v/v) hydrofluoric acid (HF) solution. The toner mask was then removed by cotton soaked in acetonitrile. The etching rate was approximately 7.1 +/- 0.6 microm min(-1). This process is economically more attractive than conventional methods because it does not require any sophisticated instrumentation and it can be implemented in any chemical/biochemical laboratory. The glass channel was thermally bonded against a flat glass cover and its analytical feasibility was investigated using capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C(4)D) and laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendell Karlos Tomazelli Coltro
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador SãoCarlense 400, P.O. Box 780, 13566-590, São Carlos-SP, Brazil
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Abstract
This paper demonstrates for the first time the use of adaptive functional nickel nanowires for switching on-demand operation of microfluidic devices. Controlled reversible magnetic positioning and orientation of these nanowires at the microchannel outlet offers modulation of the detection and separation processes, respectively. The former facilitates switching between active and passive detection states to allow the microchip to be periodically activated to perform a measurement and reset it to the passive ("off") state between measurements. Fine magnetic tuning of the separation process (postchannel broadening of the analyte zone) is achieved by reversibly modulating the nanowire orientation (i.e., detector alignment) at the channel outlet. The concept can be extended to other microchip functions and stimuli-responsive materials and holds great promise for regulating the operation of microfluidic devices in reaction to specific needs or unforeseen scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evandro Piccin
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry and Biochemistry, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-5801, USA
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Coltro WKT, Piccin E, Carrilho E, Jesus DPD, Silva JAFD, Silva HDTD, Lago CLD. Microssistemas de análises químicas: introdução, tecnologias de fabricação, instrumentação e aplicações. QUIM NOVA 2007. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-40422007000800034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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31
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Piccin E, Juliano Vieira H, Fatibello‐Filho O. Flow‐Injection Turbidimetric Determination of Tannins in Tea Samples Using Copper(II)/Acetate as Precipitant Reagent. ANAL LETT 2005. [DOI: 10.1081/al-200045161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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