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Al-Amer R, Dwekat E, Ali A, Abuzied Y, Alzahrani NS, Alhowaymel FM, Alharbi HF, Lapadula S, AlBashtawy M, Hussein MM, Randall S. Prevalence of stress and types of coping strategies among adolescents (14-18 years) in collectivist communities. J Pediatr Nurs 2024:S0882-5963(24)00169-6. [PMID: 38704328 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2024.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress is highly prevalent among adolescents and might lead to maladaptive coping. METHODS This cross-sectional study assessed the prevalence of stress and determined the types of coping strategies used by adolescents; and identified the predictors of stress levels among this cohort. The study recruited 1344 participants, aged 14 to 18 years, in schools. The study used the DASS-42 and the Brief COPE Inventory Scale for data collection. The findings of this study showed that more than two-thirds of adolescents suffer from stress, and moderate, severe, and extremely severe were 22.8%, 43.0%, and 16.8%, respectively. The most used coping behaviors among these adolescents were religious factors, with a Mean ± SD of (Mean 6.28 ± 1.16), followed by instrumental support (Mean 6.17 ± 1.18). The stress level has a significant negative correlation at (p < 0.001) with active coping (r = -0.183**), self-distraction (r = -0.190**), acceptance (r = -0.140**) and religion (r = -0.097**; P < 0.001). Binary logistic regression analyses revealed that the whole model had R2 (0.232); p < 0.005 and shows that those aged 15 had an odd of 0.272 to develop stress more than those at 18. Fathers' and mothers' education levels strongly influenced adolescents' stress levels. Those with an income between <500 and 500-750 Jordanian Dinars had an odds ratio of 5.241 and 3.514 of developing stress, respectively, compared to their counterparts. APPLICATION TO PRACTICE This study highlights the significance of developing health intervention programs and counseling services for managing adolescents' psychological well-being and provides valuable insights for policymakers on addressing mental health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amira Ali
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Smouha, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Yacoub Abuzied
- Department of Nursing, Rehabilitation Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif S Alzahrani
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fahad M Alhowaymel
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hanan F Alharbi
- Maternity and Pediatric Nursing, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Mohammed AlBashtawy
- Nursing Community Health, Prince Salma Faculty of Nursing, Al-Bayt University, Jordan.
| | | | - Sue Randall
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Camperdown, Australia.
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Sadek BN, Hendy A, Alhowaymel FM, Abaoud AF, Alenezi A, Hendy A, Ali EA. Are pediatric nurses prepared to respond to monkeypox outbreak? PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300225. [PMID: 38603680 PMCID: PMC11008830 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emphasizing the crucial significance of maintaining a national nursing workforce well-prepared with the necessary knowledge, skills, and abilities to respond effectively is the growing frequency of natural and environmental disasters, coupled with public health emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic. So, the study aimed to explore pediatric nurses' preparedness to monkeypox outbreak, and their stress during this outbreak in Egypt. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on a 416 nurses direct care for children at selected governmental hospitals in Egypt. Demographic form, Questionnaire for Infectious Disease Outbreak Readiness & Preparedness, factors affecting nurses' preparedness, and the generalized anxiety disorders scale-7 were the tools of the study. RESULTS (81.5%) of studied nurses had unsatisfactory level of preparedness to monkeypox outbreak. (96.4%) and (95.4%) of them were affected their preparedness by high workload and inconsistent income with the of risk of infection factors. Also, (57.2%) of them had high stress level. CONCLUSIONS The study revealed the importance of ensuring adequate supplies of PPE are available and provided, and protocols must be implemented to ensure availability in case of an outbreak. Moreover, nurse staffing levels and workload distribution should be regularly reviewed to create reasonable nurse-patient ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bothayna Nader Sadek
- Pediatric Nursing Department, Faculty Nursing Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdelaziz Hendy
- Pediatric Nursing Department, Faculty Nursing Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fahad M. Alhowaymel
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz F. Abaoud
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atallah Alenezi
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Hendy
- Department of Computational Mathematics and Computer Science, Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
| | - Eman A. Ali
- Pediatric Nursing Department, Faculty Nursing Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Alhowaymel FM, Alzahrani NS, Alharbi HF, Almarwani AM. Healthcare providers screening for childhood abuse among adult patients in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. J Nurs Scholarsh 2023; 55:1154-1163. [PMID: 36965172 DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Childhood abuse could potentially cause negative health consequences later in life, where they influence individuals' physiological, psychological, and behavioral health. Screening for ACEs is not widely incorporated during routine primary healthcare. The information about past childhood abuse screening among adult patients is elusive. The aim of the study was to investigate healthcare providers (HCPs) practices, skills, attitudes, and perceived barriers related to past childhood abuse screening among adult patients in Saudi Arabia. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS Data were collected from healthcare facilities in the Riyadh and Madinah regions of Saudi Arabia using a self-reported questionnaire. RESULTS A total of 126 HCPs completed the survey. Less than one-third of the HCPs reported routinely (usually or always) screening for childhood abuse. HCPs were more concerned that they would offend their patients by examining history of adversities. HCP practice location, the extent to which they think it is part of their responsibilities to screen for history of adversities, and their self-reported of adverse childhood experiences were significantly associated with screening practices for childhood abuse. Four perceived barriers were significantly associated with HCP screening. CONCLUSION Screening for past adversities is vital for identifying childhood trauma among the public; therefore, we might participate in reducing childhood trauma and further controlling consequences in the future. Developing a screening form for childhood abuse or adversities and providing this form in healthcare settings are appropriate at this stage. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Early screening for ACEs is recommended, which prioritizes health promotion and disease prevention. It is highly needed to increase HCP awareness toward childhood abuse, screening for it, and reflection on it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad M Alhowaymel
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif S Alzahrani
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan F Alharbi
- Department of Maternity and Child Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz M Almarwani
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, College of Nursing, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
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Abdelmalik MA, Alhowaymel FM, Fadlalmola H, Mohammaed MO, Abbakr I, Alenezi A, Mohammed AM, Abaoud AF. Global prevalence of needle stick injuries among nurses: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Nurs 2023; 32:5619-5631. [PMID: 36841963 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nurses usually provide direct patient care. However, they account for the majority of healthcare workers (HCWs) injured by needles or other sharp objects. OBJECTIVES To assess the prevalence of needle stick injuries (NSI) among nurses worldwide; according to WHO regions, the socioeconomic development index (SDI) of countries, and the developmental status of individual countries, and in the Middle East. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. We calculated the pooled NSI prevalence estimates using a random-effect meta-analysis with the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. The report of the study was in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 statement. RESULTS The overall worldwide NSI prevalence pooled from our analysis was 40.97% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 31.29-50.63%, p = .00001). A subgroup analysis of NSI prevalence according to WHO regions revealed the highest prevalence in Southeast Asia (49.9%, 95% CI: [23.4-76.3%]) and the lowest in the United States of America (25.1%, 95% CI: [18.1-32.1%]), respectively. The pooled prevalence in developed and developing countries was 30.5% (95% CI: 27.3-33.8%) and 46.6% (95% CI: 33.7-59.5%), respectively. According to the SDI, NSI prevalence was highest in low-middle SDI countries (48.9% [95% CI: 30.7-67.2%]). CONCLUSION Our results showed a high NSI prevalence among nurses worldwide. Developing countries had a significantly higher NSI prevalence than developed countries, especially low-middle SDI countries. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE This study highlighted the prevalence of NSI risk among nurses practising in clinical settings worldwide. The study findings suggest that continuous training programs should be implemented for nurses to enhance their knowledge, performance and attitude toward NSI prevention in clinical settings. NO PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION Contributions from patients or the public are irrelevant because the purpose of this study was to examine the global prevalence of NSIs in nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Abdelmalik
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Nursing, University of El Imam El Mahdi Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Nursing, Kosti, Sudan
| | - Fahad M Alhowaymel
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hammad Fadlalmola
- Community Health Nursing Department, Nursing College, Taibah University, Almadinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammaed O Mohammaed
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Abbakr
- Department of Nursing Practice, College of Nursing, Umm Alqura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atallah Alenezi
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Almoez M Mohammed
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sinnar, Sinnar City, Sudan
| | - Abdulaziz F Abaoud
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
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Saleh ZT, Elshatarat RA, Almarwani AM, Alzahrani NS, Alhowaymel FM, Elhefnawy KA, Elneblawi NH, Ibrahim AM, Zaghamir DE, Shawashi TO. Predictors of physical activity behavior change among patients with heart failure enrolled in home-based cardiac rehabilitation intervention. Heart Lung 2023; 61:16-21. [PMID: 37059044 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity behavior change is considered one of the most challenging lifestyle modifications in patients with heart failure. Even after participation in a cardiac rehabilitation program, most patients do not engage in the recommended level of physical activity. OBJECTIVE To determine which baseline demographic, physical activity levels, psychological distress, and clinical variables predicted physical activity behavior change to increasing light-to-vigorous physical activity by 10,000 steps/day following participation in home-based cardiac rehabilitation intervention. METHODS A prospective design involving secondary analysis was used to analyze data obtained from 127 patients (mean, 61; range, 45-69 years) enrolled in and completed an 8-week home-based mobile health app intervention. The intervention was designed to encourage health behavior change with regard to decreasing sedentary behavior and increasing physical activities performed at light or greater intensities. RESULTS None of the participants accumulated 10,000 steps or more per day pre-intervention (mean, 1549; range, 318-4915 steps/day). Only 55 participants (43%) achieved an average daily step count of 10,000 or more at week 8 of the intervention (10,674 ± 263). The results of the logistic regression showed that higher pre-intervention physical activity levels and anxiety symptoms and lower depressive symptoms were associated with a higher likelihood of achieving physical activity behavior change (p < .003). CONCLUSION These data highlight that determining pre-intervention physical activity levels and depressive symptoms can be the key to designing an effective home-based cardiac rehabilitation intervention in patients with heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zyad T Saleh
- Department of Clinical Nursing, School of Nursing, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
| | - Rami A Elshatarat
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Naif S Alzahrani
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad M Alhowaymel
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khadega Ahmed Elhefnawy
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia; Medical-Surgical Nursing Department, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Nora Helmi Elneblawi
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ateya Megahed Ibrahim
- Nursing Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia; Family and Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Donia Elsaid Zaghamir
- Nursing Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia; Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Tagreed O Shawashi
- Department of Clinical Nursing, School of Nursing, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Alhowaymel FM, Kalmakis KA, Chiodo LM, Kent NM, Almuneef M. Adverse Childhood Experiences and Chronic Diseases: Identifying a Cut-Point for ACE Scores. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:1651. [PMID: 36674405 PMCID: PMC9863315 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) contribute to many negative physiological, psychological, and behavioral health consequences. However, a cut-point for adverse childhood experience (ACE) scores, as it pertains to health outcomes, has not been clearly identified. This ambiguity has led to the use of different cut-points to define high scores. The aim of this study is to clarify a cut-point at which ACEs are significantly associated with negative chronic health outcomes. To accomplish this aim, a secondary analysis using data from a cross-sectional study was conducted. The Adverse Childhood Experiences-International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ) was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics, nonparametric regression, and logistic regression analyses were performed on a sample of 10,047 adults. Data from demographic and self-report health measures were included. The results showed that a cut-point of four or more ACEs was significantly associated with increased rates of chronic disease. Participants with at least one chronic disease were almost 3 times more likely (OR = 2.8) to be in the high ACE group. A standardized cut-point for ACE scores will assist in future research examining the impact of high ACEs across cultures to study the effect of childhood experiences on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad M. Alhowaymel
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Karen A. Kalmakis
- Elaine Marieb College of Nursing, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Lisa M. Chiodo
- Elaine Marieb College of Nursing, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Nicole M. Kent
- Elaine Marieb College of Nursing, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Maha Almuneef
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 14611, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia
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Alhowaymel FM, Abdelmalik MA, Mohammed AM, Mohamaed MO, Alenezi A. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Hypertensive Patients Towards Stroke Prevention Among Rural Population in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. SAGE Open Nurs 2023; 9:23779608221150717. [PMID: 36643783 PMCID: PMC9834414 DOI: 10.1177/23779608221150717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Stroke is a significant health problem and is considered one of the leading causes of mortality and permanent disability worldwide. Hypertension is a primary risk factor for stroke. Thus, hypertensive patients' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) are essential in preventing stroke. Objective To examine hypertensive patients' KAP towards stroke prevention among rural population in Saudi Arabia. Methods The study utilized a cross-sectional design. The data were collected using a convenience sampling technique from hypertensive patients in the northwestern rural areas of Riyadh Province. A self-administered questionnaire was adapted from the Stroke Recognition Questionnaire (SRQ) and utilized to assess KAP towards stroke prevention among rural hypertensive patients. The STrengthening of the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist was used to report the study. Results A total of 196 hypertensive patients participated in the study. The total mean scores categorization into three quartiles showed that most respondents had poor levels of KAP towards stroke prevention. Weak positive correlations were found between KAP of patients. There were statistically significant differences between respondents' attitudes and practices with their age, education, marital status, and occupational status. Discussion This study denoted poor levels of KAP towards stroke prevention among hypertensive patients living in rural areas. This study showed the importance of further considering rural population by which improving their health and quality of life. Extending health educational programs and behavior-changing strategies to rural areas is essential to increase hypertensive patients and general public awareness about their stroke prevention and other health-related concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad M. Alhowaymel
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia,Fahad M. Alhowaymel, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Aldwadmi-Shaqra Road, Shaqra city, Riyadh Province 15572, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed A. Abdelmalik
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Almoez M. Mohammed
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamaed O. Mohamaed
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atallah Alenezi
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
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Alharbi HF, Alzahrani NS, Almarwani AM, Asiri SA, Alhowaymel FM. Patients' satisfaction with nursing care quality and associated factors: A cross-section study. Nurs Open 2022; 10:3253-3262. [PMID: 36585398 PMCID: PMC10077356 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM This research aimed to evaluate patients' satisfaction with the nursing care quality during their hospitalization. DESIGN Quantitative cross-sectional descriptive design. METHODS A convenience sample of 238 patients were recruited from hospitals in two provinces in Saudi Arabia. Patient satisfaction was measured by the Arabic version of the Patients' Satisfaction with Nursing Care Quality Questionnaire (PSNCQQ-Ar). RESULTS Significant differences were found between Saudi provinces regarding the overall quality of nursing care (M = 4.65, p < 0.001). The study revealed mean significant variations between patient satisfaction with nursing care and sociodemographic factors, including age (p = 0.002), education level (p = 0.047), marital status (p = 0.017), employment status (p = 0.038), urban vs. suburban residence (p = 0.006), length of hospitalization (p = 0.001), and accompaniment by a family member (p = 0.014). Improving patients' experience during their hospitalization requires regular examination of the quality of nursing care services. PATIENT CONTRIBUTION This research enhances our understanding of patients satisfaction toward the quality of nursing care received during hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Fahad Alharbi
- Department of Maternity and Child Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif S Alzahrani
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Saeed A Asiri
- Department of Nursing Administration and Education, College of Nursing, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad M Alhowaymel
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
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Alhowaymel FM, Alenezi A. Adverse Childhood Experiences and Health in Rural Areas of Riyadh Province in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10122502. [PMID: 36554025 PMCID: PMC9777989 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10122502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and their consequences are a worldwide problem. ACEs are primary stressors that have a long-term impact on the body and mind during development. They are linked to a variety of chronic illnesses in adults. Information about ACEs and health and risk behaviors is scarce among rural populations. The study aimed to examine ACEs, chronic diseases, and risk behaviors, as well as to explore the relationship between them and number of sociodemographic factors among adults living in rural areas in Riyadh Province, Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional design and a convenience sampling method were utilized to collect information. A self-reported questionnaire, including an ACEs questionnaire as well as direct health and risk behaviors questions, was used. In total, 68.2% of the respondents reported at least one ACE, and 34.2% reported four or more ACEs. Emotional and physical abuse were the most reported forms. Hypertension and chronic respiratory disease were the most reported chronic diseases. Depression and anxiety were associated with ACEs, indicating that those who reported four or more ACEs were more likely to develop depression and anxiety. ACEs contribute to many negative health outcomes; thus, identifying the prevalence of ACEs among the rural population is essential for future health-related actions. It is also important that chronic diseases and risk behaviors be specifically identified among the rural population in order to prioritize these actions. Future research should further investigate ACEs and other determinants of health among the rural population, taking into consideration the inclusion of more diverse people, such as older adults and those from other rural areas.
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Alzahrani NS, Almarwani AM, Asiri SA, Alharbi HF, Alhowaymel FM. Factors influencing hospital anxiety and depression among emergency department nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: A multi-center cross-sectional study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:912157. [PMID: 35990067 PMCID: PMC9387387 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.912157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The emergency department (ED) is a highly stressful environment, which exposes nurses to infection. ED nurses handle life-threatening conditions, endure long working hours, and deal with anxious patients and their families. AIM This study aimed to examine factors, which may influence anxiety and depression levels among ED nurses during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS A cross-sectional design was used with 251 participants from six hospitals in Saudi Arabia (mean age = 32.7 ± 6.59, range = 21-54 years, 70.5% females). Data were collected using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the analysis was conducted using structural equation modeling (SEM). RESULTS Based on the HADS scores, 29.1 and 25.5% of ED nurses were identified as doubtful cases for depression and anxiety, respectively. Additionally, 34.7 and 43.3% of ED nurses were identified as definite cases for depression and anxiety, respectively. Higher anxiety levels were observed among female nurses, nurses with lower physical activity levels, and nurses who worked in urban areas. Low physical activity levels and more than 6 years of work experience correlated with a higher level of depression. None of the hypothesized paths in the anxiety and depression models were significant, except for two observed variables-namely, work location and physical exercise in the anxiety model and physical exercise in the depression model. CONCLUSION Emergency department nurses expressed high levels of anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic, which may negatively affect their performance and reduce care quality. Therefore, health care leaders should implement specialized mental health education programs focused on nursing occupational safety and support to improve ED nurses' psychological well-being. Specific attention should be paid to ED female nurses who work in urban areas, especially those with more than 6 years of experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naif S Alzahrani
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Saeed A Asiri
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan F Alharbi
- Department of Maternity and Child Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad M Alhowaymel
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
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