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Iyengar ARS, Khandave PY, Bzdrenga J, Nachon F, Brazzolotto X, Pande AH. Warfare Nerve Agents and Paraoxonase-1 as a Potential Prophylactic Therapy against Intoxication. Protein Pept Lett 2024; 31:PPL-EPUB-140189. [PMID: 38706353 DOI: 10.2174/0109298665284293240409045359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Nerve agents are a class of lethal neurotoxic chemicals used in chemical warfare. In this review, we have briefly discussed a brief history of chemical warfare, followed by an exploration of the historical context surrounding nerve agents. The article explores the classification of these agents, their contemporary uses, their toxicity mechanisms, and the disadvantages of the current treatment options for nerve agent poisoning. It then discusses the possible application of enzymes as prophylactics against nerve agent poisoning, outlining the benefits and drawbacks of paraoxonase-1. Finally, the current studies on paraoxonase-1 are reviewed, highlighting that several challenges need to be addressed in the use of paraoxonase-1 in the actual field and that its potential as a prophylactic antidote against nerve agent poisoning needs to be evaluated. The literature used in this manuscript was searched using various electronic databases, such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Elsevier, Springer, ACS, Google Patent, and books using the keywords chemical warfare agent, Butyrylcholinesterase, enzyme, nerve agent, prophylactic, and paraoxonase- 1, with the time scale for the analysis of articles between 1960 to 2023, respectively. The study has suggested that concerted efforts by researchers and agencies must be made to develop effective countermeasures against NA poisoning and that PON1 has suitable properties for the development of efficient prophylaxis against NA poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Satvik Iyengar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali-160062, Punjab, India
| | - Prakash Y Khandave
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali-160062, Punjab, India
| | - Janek Bzdrenga
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Place du Général Valérie André, 91220, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Florian Nachon
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Place du Général Valérie André, 91220, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Xavier Brazzolotto
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Place du Général Valérie André, 91220, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Abhay H Pande
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali-160062, Punjab, India
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Voros C, Dias J, Timperley CM, Nachon F, Brown RCD, Baati R. The risk associated with organophosphorus nerve agents: from their discovery to their unavoidable threat, current medical countermeasures and perspectives. Chem Biol Interact 2024:110973. [PMID: 38574837 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.110973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The first organophosphorus nerve agent was discovered accidently during the development of pesticides, shortly after the first use of chemical weapons (chlorine, phosgene) on the battlefield during World War I. Despite the Chemical Weapons Convention banning these substances, they have still been employed in wars, terrorist attacks or political assassinations. Characterised by their high lethality, they target the nervous system by inhibiting the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme, preventing neurotransmission, which, if not treated rapidly, inevitably leads to serious injury or the death of the person intoxicated. The limited efficacy of current antidotes, known as AChE reactivators, pushes research towards new treatments. Numerous paths have been explored, from modifying the original pyridinium oximes to developing hybrid reactivators seeking a better affinity for the inhibited AChE. Another crucial approach resides in molecules more prone to cross the blood-brain barrier: uncharged compounds, bio-conjugated reactivators or innovative formulations. Our aim is to raise awareness on the threat and toxicity of organophosphorus nerve agents and to present the main synthetic efforts deployed since the first AChE reactivator, to tackle the task of efficiently treating victims of these chemical warfare agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Voros
- Ecole de Chimie Polymère et Matériaux ECPM, Université de Strasbourg, ICPEES UMR CNRS 7515, F-67087, Strasbourg, France.
| | - José Dias
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, F-91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Christopher M Timperley
- Chemical, Biological and Radiological (CBR) Division, Dstl, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, SP4 0JQ, UK.
| | - Florian Nachon
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, F-91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Richard C D Brown
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.
| | - Rachid Baati
- Ecole de Chimie Polymère et Matériaux ECPM, Université de Strasbourg, ICPEES UMR CNRS 7515, F-67087, Strasbourg, France; OPGS Pharmaceuticals, Paris BioTech Santé, 24 rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, F-75014, Paris, France.
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3
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Pidany F, Kroustkova J, Al Mamun A, Suchankova D, Brazzolotto X, Nachon F, Chantegreil F, Dolezal R, Pulkrabkova L, Muckova L, Hrabinova M, Finger V, Kufa M, Soukup O, Jun D, Jenco J, Kunes J, Novakova L, Korabecny J, Cahlikova L. Highly selective butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors related to Amaryllidaceae alkaloids - Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 252:115301. [PMID: 36996715 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is one of the most frequently implicated enzymes in the advanced stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD). As part of our endeavors to develop new drug candidates for AD, we have focused on natural template structures, namely the Amaryllidaceae alkaloids carltonine A and B endowed with high BChE selectivity. Herein, we report the design, synthesis, and in vitro evaluation of 57 novel highly selective human BChE (hBChE) inhibitors. Most synthesized compounds showed hBChE inhibition potency ranging from micromolar to low nanomolar scale. Compounds that revealed BChE inhibition below 100 nM were selected for detailed biological investigation. The CNS-targeted profile of the presented compounds was confirmed theoretically by calculating the BBB score algorithm, these data were corroborated by determining the permeability in vitro using PAMPA-assay for the most active derivatives. The study highlighted compounds 87 (hBChE IC50 = 3.8 ± 0.2 nM) and 88 (hBChE IC50 = 5.7 ± 1.5 nM) as the top-ranked BChE inhibitors. Compounds revealed negligible cytotoxicity for the human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines compared to BChE inhibitory potential. A crystallographic study was performed to inspect the binding mode of compound 87, revealing essential interactions between 87 and hBChE active site. In addition, multidimensional QSAR analyses were applied to determine the relationship between chemical structures and biological activity in a dataset of designed agents. Compound 87 is a promising lead compound with potential implications for treating the late stages of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Pidany
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Kroustkova
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Suchankova
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Xavier Brazzolotto
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, 1 Place Général Valérie André, 91220, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Florian Nachon
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, 1 Place Général Valérie André, 91220, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Fabien Chantegreil
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, 1 Place Général Valérie André, 91220, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Rafael Dolezal
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Pulkrabkova
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lubica Muckova
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Hrabinova
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Finger
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Bioorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Kufa
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Bioorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Jun
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Jenco
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Kunes
- Department of Bioorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Novakova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Lucie Cahlikova
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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4
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Jing L, Wei W, Meng B, Chantegreil F, Nachon F, Martínez A, Wu G, Zhao H, Song Y, Kang D, Brazzolotto X, Zhan P, Liu X. Rapid discovery and crystallography study of highly potent and selective butylcholinesterase inhibitors based on oxime-containing libraries and conformational restriction strategies. Bioorg Chem 2023; 134:106465. [PMID: 36933339 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Butyrylcholinesterase is regarded as a promising drug target in advanced Alzheimer's disease. In order to identify highly selective and potent BuChE inhibitors, a 53-membered compound library was constructed via the oxime-based tethering approach based on microscale synthesis. Although A2Q17 and A3Q12 exhibited higher BuChE selectivity versus acetylcholinesterase, the inhibitory activities were unsatisfactory and A3Q12 did not inhibit Aβ1-42 peptide self-induced aggregation. With A2Q17 and A3Q12 as leads, a novel series of tacrine derivatives with nitrogen-containing heterocycles were designed based on conformation restriction strategy. The results demonstrated that 39 (IC50 = 3.49 nM) and 43 (IC50 = 7.44 nM) yielded much improved hBuChE inhibitory activity compared to the lead A3Q12 (IC50 = 63 nM). Besides, the selectivity indexes (SI = AChE IC50 / BChE IC50) of 39 (SI = 33) and 43 (SI = 20) were also higher than A3Q12 (SI = 14). The results of the kinetic study showed that 39 and 43 exhibited a mixed-type inhibition against eqBuChE with respective Ki values of 1.715 nM and 0.781 nM. And 39 and 43 could inhibit Aβ1-42 peptide self-induced aggregation into fibril. X-ray crystallography structures of 39 or 43 complexes with BuChE revealed the molecular basis for their high potency. Thus, 39 and 43 are deserve for further study to develop potential drug candidates for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Jing
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, 250012 Ji'nan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Wenxiu Wei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, 250012 Ji'nan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Bairu Meng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, 250012 Ji'nan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Fabien Chantegreil
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 1 Place du Général Valérie André, 91220, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Florian Nachon
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 1 Place du Général Valérie André, 91220, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Ana Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gaochan Wu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, 250012 Ji'nan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Huajun Zhao
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Yuning Song
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Dongwei Kang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, 250012 Ji'nan, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Xavier Brazzolotto
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 1 Place du Général Valérie André, 91220, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France.
| | - Peng Zhan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, 250012 Ji'nan, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Xinyong Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, 250012 Ji'nan, Shandong, PR China.
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5
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Panek D, Pasieka A, Latacz G, Zaręba P, Szczęch M, Godyń J, Chantegreil F, Nachon F, Brazzolotto X, Skrzypczak-Wiercioch A, Walczak M, Smolik M, Sałat K, Höfner G, Wanner K, Więckowska A, Malawska B. Discovery of new, highly potent and selective inhibitors of BuChE - design, synthesis, in vitro and in vivo evaluation and crystallography studies. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 249:115135. [PMID: 36696766 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The symptomatic and disease-modifying effects of butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibitors provide an encouraging premise for researching effective treatments for Alzheimer's disease. Here, we examined a series of compounds with a new chemical scaffold based on 3-(cyclohexylmethyl)amino-2-hydroxypropyl, and we identified a highly selective hBuChE inhibitor (29). Based on extensive in vitro and in vivo evaluations of the compound and its enantiomers, (R)-29 was identified as a promising candidate for further development. Compound (R)-29 is a potent hBuChE inhibitor (IC50 = 40 nM) with selectivity over AChE and relevant off-targets, including H1, M1, α1A and β1 receptors. The compound displays high metabolic stability on human liver microsomes (90% of the parent compound after 2 h of incubation), and its safety was confirmed through examining the cytotoxicity on the HepG2 cell line (LC50 = 2.85 μM) and hERG inhibition (less than 50% at 10 μM). While (rac)-29 lacked an effect in vivo and showed limited penetration to the CNS in pharmacokinetics studies, compound (R)-29 exhibited a procognitive effect at 15 mg/kg in the passive avoidance task in scopolamine-treated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Panek
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna St. 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Anna Pasieka
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna St. 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Gniewomir Latacz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna St. 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paula Zaręba
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna St. 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Michał Szczęch
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna St. 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Justyna Godyń
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna St. 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Fabien Chantegreil
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223, Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - Florian Nachon
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223, Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - Xavier Brazzolotto
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223, Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - Anna Skrzypczak-Wiercioch
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Preclinical Sciences, University Centre of Veterinary Medicine JU-UA, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maria Walczak
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St. 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Smolik
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St. 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kinga Sałat
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Chair of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna St. 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Georg Höfner
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr, 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Wanner
- Department of Pharmacy - Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr, 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Więckowska
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna St. 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Malawska
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna St. 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
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6
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Nachon F, Brazzolotto X, Dias J, Courageux C, Drożdż W, Cao XY, Stefankiewicz AR, Lehn JM. Grid-Type Quaternary Metallosupramolecular Compounds Inhibit Human Cholinesterases through Dynamic Multivalent Interactions. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200456. [PMID: 36193860 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We report the implementation of coordination complexes containing two types of cationic moieties, i. e. pyridinium and ammonium quaternary salt, as potential inhibitors of human cholinesterase enzymes. Utilization of ligands containing NNO-coordination site and binding zinc metal ion allowed mono- and tetra-nuclear complexes to be obtained with corner and grid structural type, respectively, thus affecting the overall charge of the compounds (from +1 to +8). We were able to examine for the first time the multivalency effect of metallosupramolecular species on their inhibitory abilities towards acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Importantly, resolution of the crystal structures of the obtained enzyme-substrate complexes provided a better understanding of the inhibition process at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Nachon
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 1 place Gal Valérie André, BP87, 91220, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Xavier Brazzolotto
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 1 place Gal Valérie André, BP87, 91220, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - José Dias
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 1 place Gal Valérie André, BP87, 91220, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Charlotte Courageux
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 1 place Gal Valérie André, BP87, 91220, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Wojciech Drożdż
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.,Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Xiao-Yu Cao
- Laboratoire de Chimie Supramoléculaire, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires, Université de Strasbourg, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Artur R Stefankiewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.,Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jean-Marie Lehn
- Laboratoire de Chimie Supramoléculaire, Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires, Université de Strasbourg, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
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7
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Fémy F, Meesemaecker G, Belverge N, Courageux C, Nervo A, Goulay R, Reymond C, Chantegreil F, Madi M, Nachon F, Taudon N, Jaffré N. Toxicokinetics of plasmatic VX in a swine model: comparison of a simple enzymatic titration method with a mass spectrometry method. Arch Toxicol 2022; 97:10.1007/s00204-022-03408-w. [PMID: 36326899 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03408-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Recent events have shown that organophosphorus nerve agents (OPNAs) are a serious threat. Cholinesterase inhibition by OPNAs results in acetylcholine accumulation, a cholinergic crisis leading to death if untreated. Efficacy assessment of new medical countermeasures against OPNAs relies on translational animal models. We developed a swine model of percutaneous VX intoxication and a simple plate reader-based enzymatic method to quantify plasmatic VX over time. Juvenile pigs anesthetized with sevoflurane were poisoned with a single supralethal (n = 5; 1200 μg/kg) or sublethal (n = 6; 320 μg/kg) percutaneous dose of VX. These intoxicated animals were compared to 7 control animals. Repeated blood sampling was performed up to 6 h post-intoxication. Blood cholinesterase activities were measured using the Ellman assay. Nanomolar plasma concentrations of VX were measured by exogenous butyrylcholinesterase added to an aliquot of plasma. As expected, we observed a steady increase in plasma concentration of VX over time concomitant to a decrease in blood cholinesterase activities for all intoxicated pigs. Despite the simplicity of the enzymatic method, the results obtained are in good agreement with those of the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method. This method is also applicable to other OPNAs such as novichoks with minor adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Fémy
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cedex, France
- Service d'Accueil des Urgences, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - G Meesemaecker
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cedex, France
| | - N Belverge
- Unité de Développements Analytiques et Bioanalyse, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Bretigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - C Courageux
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cedex, France
| | - A Nervo
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cedex, France
| | - R Goulay
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cedex, France
| | - C Reymond
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cedex, France
| | - F Chantegreil
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cedex, France
| | - M Madi
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cedex, France
| | - F Nachon
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cedex, France.
- Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France.
| | - N Taudon
- Unité de Développements Analytiques et Bioanalyse, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Bretigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - N Jaffré
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cedex, France
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8
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Da Silva O, Probst N, Landry C, Hanak AS, Warnault P, Coisne C, Calas AG, Gosselet F, Courageux C, Gastellier AJ, Trancart M, Baati R, Dehouck MP, Jean L, Nachon F, Renard PY, Dias J. A New Class of Bi- and Trifunctional Sugar Oximes as Antidotes against Organophosphorus Poisoning. J Med Chem 2022; 65:4649-4666. [PMID: 35255209 PMCID: PMC8958973 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent events demonstrated that organophosphorus nerve agents are a serious threat for civilian and military populations. The current therapy includes a pyridinium aldoxime reactivator to restore the enzymatic activity of acetylcholinesterase located in the central nervous system and neuro-muscular junctions. One major drawback of these charged acetylcholinesterase reactivators is their poor ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. In this study, we propose to evaluate glucoconjugated oximes devoid of permanent charge as potential central nervous system reactivators. We determined their in vitro reactivation efficacy on inhibited human acetylcholinesterase, the crystal structure of two compounds in complex with the enzyme, their protective index on intoxicated mice, and their pharmacokinetics. We then evaluated their endothelial permeability coefficients with a human in vitro model. This study shed light on the structural restrains of new sugar oximes designed to reach the central nervous system through the glucose transporter located at the blood-brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophélie Da Silva
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale Des Armées, F-91220 Brétigny-Sur-Orge, France
| | - Nicolas Probst
- Normandie Université, COBRA, UMR 6014 & FR 3038, Université de Rouen, INSA Rouen, CNRS, 1 rue Tesnière, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Christophe Landry
- Université d'Artois (UArtois), UR 2465, LBHE Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique, F-62307 Lens, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Hanak
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale Des Armées, F-91220 Brétigny-Sur-Orge, France
| | - Pierre Warnault
- Normandie Université, COBRA, UMR 6014 & FR 3038, Université de Rouen, INSA Rouen, CNRS, 1 rue Tesnière, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Caroline Coisne
- Université d'Artois (UArtois), UR 2465, LBHE Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique, F-62307 Lens, France
| | - André-Guilhem Calas
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale Des Armées, F-91220 Brétigny-Sur-Orge, France
| | - Fabien Gosselet
- Université d'Artois (UArtois), UR 2465, LBHE Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique, F-62307 Lens, France
| | - Charlotte Courageux
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale Des Armées, F-91220 Brétigny-Sur-Orge, France
| | - Anne-Julie Gastellier
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale Des Armées, F-91220 Brétigny-Sur-Orge, France
| | - Marilène Trancart
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale Des Armées, F-91220 Brétigny-Sur-Orge, France
| | - Rachid Baati
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Énergie, l'Environnement, et la Santé: UMR CNRS 7515 ICPEES, Université de Strasbourg - École de Chimie Polymères et Matériaux, ECPM 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg cedex 2, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Dehouck
- Université d'Artois (UArtois), UR 2465, LBHE Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique, F-62307 Lens, France
| | - Ludovic Jean
- Normandie Université, COBRA, UMR 6014 & FR 3038, Université de Rouen, INSA Rouen, CNRS, 1 rue Tesnière, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Florian Nachon
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale Des Armées, F-91220 Brétigny-Sur-Orge, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Renard
- Normandie Université, COBRA, UMR 6014 & FR 3038, Université de Rouen, INSA Rouen, CNRS, 1 rue Tesnière, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - José Dias
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale Des Armées, F-91220 Brétigny-Sur-Orge, France
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9
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Dubrana LE, Knoll-Gellida A, Bourcier LM, Mercé T, Pedemay S, Nachon F, Calas AG, Baati R, Soares M, Babin PJ. An Antidote Screening System for Organophosphorus Poisoning Using Zebrafish Larvae. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:2865-2877. [PMID: 34284583 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Organophosphorus (OP) cholinesterase inhibitors, which include insecticides and chemical warfare nerve agents, are very potent neurotoxicants. Given that the actual treatment has several limitations, the present study provides a general method, called the zebrafish-OP-antidote test (ZOAT), and basic scientific data, to identify new antidotes that are more effective than the reference pyridinium oximes after acute OP poisoning. The reactivation capacity of a chemical compound can be measured using in vivo and ex vivo acetylcholinesterase (AChE) assays. We demonstrated that it is possible to differentiate between chemical compound protective efficacies in the central and peripheral nervous system via the visual motor response and electric field pulse motor response tests, respectively. Moreover, the ability to cross the brain-blood barrier can be estimated in a physiological context by combining an AChE assay on the head and trunk-tail fractions and the cellular and tissue localization of AChE activity in the whole-mount animal. ZOAT is an innovative method suitable for the screening and rapid identification of chemicals and mixtures used as antidote for OP poisoning. The method will make it easier to identify more effective medical countermeasures for chemical threat agents, including combinatorial therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie E. Dubrana
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, INSERM, Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme (MRGM), U1211, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, F-33615, France
| | - Anja Knoll-Gellida
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, INSERM, Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme (MRGM), U1211, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, F-33615, France
| | - Laure M. Bourcier
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, INSERM, Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme (MRGM), U1211, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, F-33615, France
| | - Théo Mercé
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, INSERM, Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme (MRGM), U1211, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, F-33615, France
| | - Sandra Pedemay
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, INSERM, Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme (MRGM), U1211, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, F-33615, France
| | - Florian Nachon
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armés, Brétigny sur Orge, F-91220, France
| | - André-Guilhem Calas
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armés, Brétigny sur Orge, F-91220, France
| | - Rachid Baati
- ECPM UMR CNRS 7515, ICPEES Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l’Énergie, l’Environnement et la Santé, Strasbourg, F-67087, France
| | - Magalie Soares
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, INSERM, Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme (MRGM), U1211, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, F-33615, France
| | - Patrick J. Babin
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, INSERM, Maladies Rares: Génétique et Métabolisme (MRGM), U1211, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, F-33615, France
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10
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Rossi M, Freschi M, de Camargo Nascente L, Salerno A, de Melo Viana Teixeira S, Nachon F, Chantegreil F, Soukup O, Prchal L, Malaguti M, Bergamini C, Bartolini M, Angeloni C, Hrelia S, Soares Romeiro LA, Bolognesi ML. Sustainable Drug Discovery of Multi-Target-Directed Ligands for Alzheimer's Disease. J Med Chem 2021; 64:4972-4990. [PMID: 33829779 PMCID: PMC8154578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The multifactorial nature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a reason for the lack of effective drugs as well as a basis for the development of "multi-target-directed ligands" (MTDLs). As cases increase in developing countries, there is a need of new drugs that are not only effective but also accessible. With this motivation, we report the first sustainable MTDLs, derived from cashew nutshell liquid (CNSL), an inexpensive food waste with anti-inflammatory properties. We applied a framework combination of functionalized CNSL components and well-established acetylcholinesterase (AChE)/butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) tacrine templates. MTDLs were selected based on hepatic, neuronal, and microglial cell toxicity. Enzymatic studies disclosed potent and selective AChE/BChE inhibitors (5, 6, and 12), with subnanomolar activities. The X-ray crystal structure of 5 complexed with BChE allowed rationalizing the observed activity (0.0352 nM). Investigation in BV-2 microglial cells revealed antineuroinflammatory and neuroprotective activities for 5 and 6 (already at 0.01 μM), confirming the design rationale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Rossi
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater
Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Michela Freschi
- Department
for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum
- University of Bologna, Corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Luciana de Camargo Nascente
- Department
of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Faculty, University
of Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, 70910-900 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Salerno
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater
Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sarah de Melo Viana Teixeira
- Department
of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Faculty, University
of Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, 70910-900 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Florian Nachon
- Département
de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut
de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Fabien Chantegreil
- Département
de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut
de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical
Research Center, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech
Republic
- Department
of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500
01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Prchal
- Biomedical
Research Center, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech
Republic
| | - Marco Malaguti
- Department
for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum
- University of Bologna, Corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater
Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Bartolini
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater
Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Angeloni
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri 9, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Silvana Hrelia
- Department
for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum
- University of Bologna, Corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Luiz Antonio Soares Romeiro
- Department
of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Faculty, University
of Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, 70910-900 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Maria Laura Bolognesi
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater
Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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11
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Chavarria D, Da Silva O, Benfeito S, Barreiro S, Garrido J, Cagide F, Soares P, Remião F, Brazzolotto X, Nachon F, Oliveira PJ, Dias J, Borges F. Fine-Tuning the Biological Profile of Multitarget Mitochondriotropic Antioxidants for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020329. [PMID: 33672269 PMCID: PMC7926627 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurotransmitter depletion and mitochondrial dysfunction are among the multiple pathological events that lead to neurodegeneration. Following our previous studies related with the development of multitarget mitochondriotropic antioxidants, this study aims to evaluate whether the π-system extension on the chemical scaffolds of AntiOXCIN2 and AntiOXCIN3 affects their bioactivity and safety profiles. After the synthesis of four triphenylphosphonium (TPP+) conjugates (compounds 2–5), we evaluated their antioxidant properties and their effect on neurotransmitter-metabolizing enzymes. All compounds were potent equine butyrylcholinesterase (eqBChE) and moderate electric eel acetylcholinesterase (eeAChE) inhibitors, with catechols 4 and 5 presenting lower IC50 values than AntiOXCIN2 and AntiOXCIN3, respectively. However, differences in the inhibition potency and selectivity of compounds 2–5 towards non-human and human cholinesterases (ChEs) were observed. Co-crystallization studies with compounds 2–5 in complex with human ChEs (hChEs) showed that these compounds exhibit different binging modes to hAChE and hBChE. Unlike AntiOXCINs, compounds 2–5 displayed moderate human monoamine oxidase (hMAO) inhibitory activity. Moreover, compounds 4 and 5 presented higher ORAC-FL indexes and lower oxidation potential values than the corresponding AntiOXCINs. Catechols 4 and 5 exhibited broader safety windows in differentiated neuroblastoma cells than benzodioxole derivatives 2 and 3. Compound 4 is highlighted as a safe mitochondria-targeted antioxidant with dual ChE/MAO inhibitory activity. Overall, this work is a contribution for the development of dual therapeutic agents addressing both mitochondrial oxidative stress and neurotransmitter depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Chavarria
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (D.C.); (S.B.); (J.G.); (F.C.); (P.S.)
| | - Ophelie Da Silva
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France; (O.D.S.); (X.B.); (F.N.); (J.D.)
| | - Sofia Benfeito
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (D.C.); (S.B.); (J.G.); (F.C.); (P.S.)
| | - Sandra Barreiro
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (S.B.); (F.R.)
| | - Jorge Garrido
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (D.C.); (S.B.); (J.G.); (F.C.); (P.S.)
- CIQUP/Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering (ISEP), Polytechnic of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Cagide
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (D.C.); (S.B.); (J.G.); (F.C.); (P.S.)
| | - Pedro Soares
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (D.C.); (S.B.); (J.G.); (F.C.); (P.S.)
| | - Fernando Remião
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (S.B.); (F.R.)
| | - Xavier Brazzolotto
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France; (O.D.S.); (X.B.); (F.N.); (J.D.)
| | - Florian Nachon
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France; (O.D.S.); (X.B.); (F.N.); (J.D.)
| | - Paulo J. Oliveira
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC Biotech, Biocant Park, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal;
| | - José Dias
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France; (O.D.S.); (X.B.); (F.N.); (J.D.)
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (D.C.); (S.B.); (J.G.); (F.C.); (P.S.)
- Correspondence:
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12
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Maupu C, Enderlin J, Igert A, Oger M, Auvin S, Hassan-Abdi R, Soussi-Yanicostas N, Brazzolotto X, Nachon F, Dal Bo G, Dupuis N. Diisopropylfluorophosphate-induced status epilepticus drives complex glial cell phenotypes in adult male mice. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 152:105276. [PMID: 33529768 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Organophosphate pesticides and nerve agents (OPs), are characterized by cholinesterase inhibition. In addition to severe peripheral symptoms, high doses of OPs can lead to seizures and status epilepticus (SE). Long lasting seizure activity and subsequent neurodegeneration promote neuroinflammation leading to profound pathological alterations of the brain. The aim of this study was to characterize neuroinflammatory responses at key time points after SE induced by the OP, diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis and RT-qPCR on cerebral tissue are often insufficient to identity and quantify precise neuroinflammatory alterations. To address these needs, we performed RT-qPCR quantification after whole brain magnetic-activated cell-sorting (MACS) of CD11B (microglia/infiltrated macrophages) and GLAST (astrocytes)-positive cells at 1, 4, 24 h and 3 days post-SE. In order to compare these results to those obtained by IHC, we performed, classical Iba1 (microglia/infiltrated macrophages) and GFAP (astrocytes) IHC analysis in parallel, focusing on the hippocampus, a brain region affected by seizure activity and neurodegeneration. Shortly after SE (1-4 h), an increase in pro-inflammatory (M1-like) markers and A2-specific markers, proposed as neurotrophic, were observed in CD11B and GLAST-positive isolated cells, respectively. Microglial cells successively expressed immuno-regulatory (M2b-like) and anti-inflammatory (M2a-like) at 4 h and 24 h post-SE induction. At 24 h and 3 days, A1-specific markers, proposed as neurotoxic, were increased in isolated astrocytes. Although IHC analysis presented no modification in terms of percentage of marked area and cell number at 1 and 4 h after SE, at 24 h and 3 days after SE, microglial and astrocytic activation was visible by IHC as an increase in Iba1 and GFAP-positive area and Iba1-positive cells in DFP animals when compared to the control. Our work identified sequential microglial and astrocytic phenotype activation. Although the role of each phenotype in SE cerebral outcomes requires further study, targeting specific markers at specific time point could be a beneficial strategy for DFP-induced SE treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Maupu
- Département de Toxicologie et risques chimiques, Institut de recherche biomédicale des armées, BP73, F-91223 Brétigny sur Orge cedex, France
| | - Julie Enderlin
- Université de Paris, NeuroDiderot, Inserm, F-75019 Paris, France; Service de neurologie pédiatrique, AP-HP, Hôpital Robert Debré, F-75019 Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Igert
- Département de Toxicologie et risques chimiques, Institut de recherche biomédicale des armées, BP73, F-91223 Brétigny sur Orge cedex, France
| | - Myriam Oger
- Unité Imagerie, Institut de recherche biomédicale des armées, BP73, F-91223 Brétigny sur Orge cedex, France
| | - Stéphane Auvin
- Université de Paris, NeuroDiderot, Inserm, F-75019 Paris, France; Service de neurologie pédiatrique, AP-HP, Hôpital Robert Debré, F-75019 Paris, France
| | | | | | - Xavier Brazzolotto
- Département de Toxicologie et risques chimiques, Institut de recherche biomédicale des armées, BP73, F-91223 Brétigny sur Orge cedex, France
| | - Florian Nachon
- Département de Toxicologie et risques chimiques, Institut de recherche biomédicale des armées, BP73, F-91223 Brétigny sur Orge cedex, France
| | - Grégory Dal Bo
- Département de Toxicologie et risques chimiques, Institut de recherche biomédicale des armées, BP73, F-91223 Brétigny sur Orge cedex, France
| | - Nina Dupuis
- Département de Toxicologie et risques chimiques, Institut de recherche biomédicale des armées, BP73, F-91223 Brétigny sur Orge cedex, France.
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13
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Viayna E, Coquelle N, Cieslikiewicz-Bouet M, Cisternas P, Oliva CA, Sánchez-López E, Ettcheto M, Bartolini M, De Simone A, Ricchini M, Rendina M, Pons M, Firuzi O, Pérez B, Saso L, Andrisano V, Nachon F, Brazzolotto X, García ML, Camins A, Silman I, Jean L, Inestrosa NC, Colletier JP, Renard PY, Muñoz-Torrero D. Discovery of a Potent Dual Inhibitor of Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase with Antioxidant Activity that Alleviates Alzheimer-like Pathology in Old APP/PS1 Mice. J Med Chem 2020; 64:812-839. [PMID: 33356266 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The combination of the scaffolds of the cholinesterase inhibitor huprine Y and the antioxidant capsaicin results in compounds with nanomolar potencies toward human acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) that retain or improve the antioxidant properties of capsaicin. Crystal structures of their complexes with AChE and BChE revealed the molecular basis for their high potency. Brain penetration was confirmed by biodistribution studies in C57BL6 mice, with one compound (5i) displaying better brain/plasma ratio than donepezil. Chronic treatment of 10 month-old APP/PS1 mice with 5i (2 mg/kg, i.p., 3 times per week, 4 weeks) rescued learning and memory impairments, as measured by three different behavioral tests, delayed the Alzheimer-like pathology progression, as suggested by a significantly reduced Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio in the hippocampus, improved basal synaptic efficacy, and significantly reduced hippocampal oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Compound 5i emerges as an interesting anti-Alzheimer lead with beneficial effects on cognitive symptoms and on some underlying disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Viayna
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC Associated Unit), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nicolas Coquelle
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS UMR 5075, F-38054 Grenoble, France.,Large Scale Structures Group, Institut Laue-Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | | | - Pedro Cisternas
- Center of Aging and Regeneration UC (CARE-UC), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 340, P.O. Box 114, 8331150 Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina A Oliva
- Center of Aging and Regeneration UC (CARE-UC), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 340, P.O. Box 114, 8331150 Santiago, Chile
| | - Elena Sánchez-López
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute of Health Carlos III, E-28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miren Ettcheto
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute of Health Carlos III, E-28031 Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Rovira i Virgili, E-43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Manuela Bartolini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Angela De Simone
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Mattia Ricchini
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC Associated Unit), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marisa Rendina
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC Associated Unit), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mégane Pons
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Omidreza Firuzi
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 3288, 71345 Shiraz, Iran
| | - Belén Pérez
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenza Andrisano
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, I-47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Florian Nachon
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées BP73, 91993 Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - Xavier Brazzolotto
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées BP73, 91993 Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - Maria Luisa García
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute of Health Carlos III, E-28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antoni Camins
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute of Health Carlos III, E-28031 Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Israel Silman
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ludovic Jean
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Nibaldo C Inestrosa
- Center of Aging and Regeneration UC (CARE-UC), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 340, P.O. Box 114, 8331150 Santiago, Chile.,Centro de Excelencia en Biomedicina de Magallanes (CEBIMA), Universidad de Magallanes, 6200000 Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Jacques-Philippe Colletier
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS UMR 5075, F-38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Renard
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Diego Muñoz-Torrero
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC Associated Unit), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
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14
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Lushchekina SV, Inidjel G, Martinez N, Masson P, Trovaslet-Leroy M, Nachon F, Koza MM, Seydel T, Peters J. Impact of Sucrose as Osmolyte on Molecular Dynamics of Mouse Acetylcholinesterase. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10121664. [PMID: 33322722 PMCID: PMC7763276 DOI: 10.3390/biom10121664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The enzyme model, mouse acetylcholinesterase, which exhibits its active site at the bottom of a narrow gorge, was investigated in the presence of different concentrations of sucrose to shed light on the protein and water dynamics in cholinesterases. The study was conducted by incoherent neutron scattering, giving access to molecular dynamics within the time scale of sub-nano to nanoseconds, in comparison with molecular dynamics simulations. With increasing sucrose concentration, we found non-linear effects, e.g., first a decrease in the dynamics at 5 wt% followed by a gain at 10 wt% sucrose. Direct comparisons with simulations permitted us to understand the following findings: at 5 wt%, sugar molecules interact with the protein surface through water molecules and damp the motions to reduce the overall protein mobility, although the motions inside the gorge are enhanced due to water depletion. When going to 10 wt% of sucrose, some water molecules at the protein surface are replaced by sugar molecules. By penetrating the protein surface, they disrupt some of the intra-protein contacts, and induce new ones, creating new pathways for correlated motions, and therefore, increasing the dynamics. This exhaustive study allowed for an explanation of the detail interactions leading to the observed non-linear behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofya V. Lushchekina
- N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Gaetan Inidjel
- Institut Laue Langevin, 38000 Grenoble, France; (G.I.); (N.M.); (M.M.K.); (T.S.)
- Université Grenoble Alpes, UFR PhITEM, LiPhy, CNRS, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Nicolas Martinez
- Institut Laue Langevin, 38000 Grenoble, France; (G.I.); (N.M.); (M.M.K.); (T.S.)
- Université Grenoble Alpes, UFR PhITEM, LiPhy, CNRS, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Patrick Masson
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya str 18, 480002 Kazan, Russia;
| | - Marie Trovaslet-Leroy
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223 Brétigny sur Orge, France; (M.T.-L.); (F.N.)
| | - Florian Nachon
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223 Brétigny sur Orge, France; (M.T.-L.); (F.N.)
| | - Michael Marek Koza
- Institut Laue Langevin, 38000 Grenoble, France; (G.I.); (N.M.); (M.M.K.); (T.S.)
| | - Tilo Seydel
- Institut Laue Langevin, 38000 Grenoble, France; (G.I.); (N.M.); (M.M.K.); (T.S.)
| | - Judith Peters
- Institut Laue Langevin, 38000 Grenoble, France; (G.I.); (N.M.); (M.M.K.); (T.S.)
- Université Grenoble Alpes, UFR PhITEM, LiPhy, CNRS, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-4-7620-7560
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15
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Pajk S, Knez D, Košak U, Zorović M, Brazzolotto X, Coquelle N, Nachon F, Colletier JP, Živin M, Stojan J, Gobec S. Development of potent reversible selective inhibitors of butyrylcholinesterase as fluorescent probes. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 35:498-505. [PMID: 31914836 PMCID: PMC6968640 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1710502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an attractive target for drugs designed for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in its advanced stages. It also potentially represents a biomarker for progression of this disease. Based on the crystal structure of previously described highly potent, reversible, and selective BChE inhibitors, we have developed the fluorescent probes that are selective towards human BChE. The most promising probes also maintain their inhibition of BChE in the low nanomolar range with high selectivity over acetylcholinesterase. Kinetic studies of probes reveal a reversible mixed inhibition mechanism, with binding of these fluorescent probes to both the free and acylated enzyme. Probes show environment-sensitive emission, and additionally, one of them also shows significant enhancement of fluorescence intensity upon binding to the active site of BChE. Finally, the crystal structures of probes in complex with human BChE are reported, which offer an excellent base for further development of this library of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stane Pajk
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damijan Knez
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Urban Košak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maja Zorović
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathological Physiology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Xavier Brazzolotto
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | | | - Florian Nachon
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | | | - Marko Živin
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathological Physiology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jure Stojan
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Stanislav Gobec
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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16
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Brenet A, Somkhit J, Hassan-Abdi R, Yanicostas C, Romain C, Bar O, Igert A, Saurat D, Taudon N, Dal-Bo G, Nachon F, Dupuis N, Soussi-Yanicostas N. Organophosphorus diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) intoxication in zebrafish larvae causes behavioral defects, neuronal hyperexcitation and neuronal death. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19228. [PMID: 33154418 PMCID: PMC7645799 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76056-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
With millions of intoxications each year and over 200,000 deaths, organophosphorus (OP) compounds are an important public health issue worldwide. OP poisoning induces cholinergic syndrome, with respiratory distress, hypertension, and neuron damage that may lead to epileptic seizures and permanent cognitive deficits. Existing countermeasures are lifesaving but do not prevent long-lasting neuronal comorbidities, emphasizing the urgent need for animal models to better understand OP neurotoxicity and identify novel antidotes. Here, using diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP), a prototypic and moderately toxic OP, combined with zebrafish larvae, we first showed that DFP poisoning caused major acetylcholinesterase inhibition, resulting in paralysis and CNS neuron hyperactivation, as indicated by increased neuronal calcium transients and overexpression of the immediate early genes fosab, junBa, npas4b, and atf3. In addition to these epileptiform seizure-like events, DFP-exposed larvae showed increased neuronal apoptosis, which were both partially alleviated by diazepam treatment, suggesting a causal link between neuronal hyperexcitation and cell death. Last, DFP poisoning induced an altered balance of glutamatergic/GABAergic synaptic activity with increased NR2B-NMDA receptor accumulation combined with decreased GAD65/67 and gephyrin protein accumulation. The zebrafish DFP model presented here thus provides important novel insights into the pathophysiology of OP intoxication, making it a promising model to identify novel antidotes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julie Somkhit
- NeuroDiderot, Inserm, Université de Paris, 75019, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Olivier Bar
- NeuroDiderot, Inserm, Université de Paris, 75019, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Igert
- Département de toxicologie et risques chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 91 220, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Dominique Saurat
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Unité de Développements Analytiques et Bioanalyse, 91 220, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Nicolas Taudon
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), Unité de Développements Analytiques et Bioanalyse, 91 220, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Gregory Dal-Bo
- Département de toxicologie et risques chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 91 220, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Florian Nachon
- Département de toxicologie et risques chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 91 220, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Nina Dupuis
- Département de toxicologie et risques chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA), 91 220, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
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17
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Yerri J, Dias J, Nimmakayala MR, Razafindrainibe F, Courageux C, Gastellier A, Jegoux J, Coisne C, Landry C, Gosselet F, Hachani J, Goossens J, Dehouck M, Nachon F, Baati R. Chemoselective Hydrogenation of 6‐Alkynyl‐3‐fluoro‐2‐pyridinaldoximes: Access to First‐in‐Class 6‐Alkyl‐3‐Fluoro‐2‐pyridinaldoxime Scaffolds as New Reactivators of Sarin‐Inhibited Human Acetylcholinesterase with Increased Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability. Chemistry 2020; 26:15035-15044. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jagadeesh Yerri
- ICPEES UMR CNRS 7515 Institut de Chimie des Procédés, pour l'Energie, l'Environnement, et la Santé 25 Rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
| | - José Dias
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées 91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge France
| | - Mallikajurna Reddy Nimmakayala
- ICPEES UMR CNRS 7515 Institut de Chimie des Procédés, pour l'Energie, l'Environnement, et la Santé 25 Rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
| | - Franck Razafindrainibe
- ICPEES UMR CNRS 7515 Institut de Chimie des Procédés, pour l'Energie, l'Environnement, et la Santé 25 Rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
| | - Charlotte Courageux
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées 91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge France
| | - Anne‐Julie Gastellier
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées 91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge France
| | - Johanne Jegoux
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées 91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge France
| | - Caroline Coisne
- UR 2465 Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE) Université d'Artois (UArtois) 62307 Lens France
| | - Christophe Landry
- UR 2465 Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE) Université d'Artois (UArtois) 62307 Lens France
| | - Fabien Gosselet
- UR 2465 Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE) Université d'Artois (UArtois) 62307 Lens France
| | - Johan Hachani
- UR 2465 Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE) Université d'Artois (UArtois) 62307 Lens France
| | - Jean‐François Goossens
- ULR 7365—GRITA—Groupe de Recherche sur les Formes, Injectables et Technologies Associées University of Lille 59000 Lille France
| | - Marie‐Pierre Dehouck
- UR 2465 Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE) Université d'Artois (UArtois) 62307 Lens France
| | - Florian Nachon
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées 91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge France
| | - Rachid Baati
- ICPEES UMR CNRS 7515 Institut de Chimie des Procédés, pour l'Energie, l'Environnement, et la Santé 25 Rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
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18
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Meden A, Knez D, Malikowska-Racia N, Brazzolotto X, Nachon F, Svete J, Sałat K, Grošelj U, Gobec S. Structure-activity relationship study of tryptophan-based butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 208:112766. [PMID: 32919297 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A series of tryptophan-based selective nanomolar butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors was designed and synthesized. Compounds were optimized in terms of potency, selectivity, and synthetic accessibility. The crystal structure of the inhibitor 18 in complex with BChE revealed the molecular basis for its low nanomolar inhibition (IC50 = 2.8 nM). The favourable in vitro results enabled a first-in-animal in vivo efficacy and safety trial, which demonstrated a positive impact on fear-motivated and spatial long-term memory retrieval without any concomitant adverse motor effects. Altogether, this research culminated in a handful of new lead compounds with promising potential for symptomatic treatment of patients with Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anže Meden
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damijan Knez
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Natalia Malikowska-Racia
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Chair of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Xavier Brazzolotto
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223, Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - Florian Nachon
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223, Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - Jurij Svete
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Večna Pot 113, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Kinga Sałat
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Chair of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Uroš Grošelj
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Večna Pot 113, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Stanislav Gobec
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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19
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Enderlin J, Igert A, Auvin S, Nachon F, Dal Bo G, Dupuis N. Characterization of organophosphate-induced brain injuries in a convulsive mouse model of diisopropylfluorophosphate exposure. Epilepsia 2020; 61:e54-e59. [PMID: 32359085 DOI: 10.1111/epi.16516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Organophosphate (OP) compounds constitute a class of highly toxic molecules, characterized by irreversible cholinesterase (ChE) inhibition. Being either pesticides or chemical warfare agents, they present a major health issue in some countries, as well as a terrorist or military threat. Prompted by the need for suitable animal models to test novel medical countermeasures, we developed a new convulsive mouse model of OP poisoning using diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP). Using electrocorticography (ECoG), we analyzed seizure and status epilepticus (SE) occurrences, as well as relative power of ECoG frequency band modifications after DFP injection in male Swiss mice. Next, we investigated DFP effect on ChE inhibition. Histological changes on neuronal activity and neuronal damage were examined by c-Fos immunolabeling and Fluoro-Jade C staining. We showed that mice exposed to DFP presented electrocorticographic seizures that rapidly progressed to SE within 20 minutes. Lasting >8 hours, DFP-induced SE was associated with major power spectrum modifications in seizing DFP animals compared to control animals. Seizures and SE development were concomitant with profound ChE inhibition and induced massive neuronal degeneration. Presenting all hallmarks of convulsive OP poisoning, we showed that our mouse model is valuable for studying pathophysiological mechanisms and preclinical testing of newly available therapeutic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Enderlin
- NeuroDiderot, Inserm U1141, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France.,Pediatric Neurology Department, Robert Debré Hospital, Public Hospital Network of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Igert
- Department of Toxicology and Chemical Risks, Institute for Biomedical Research of the Armed Forces, Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - Stéphane Auvin
- NeuroDiderot, Inserm U1141, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France.,Pediatric Neurology Department, Robert Debré Hospital, Public Hospital Network of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Florian Nachon
- Department of Toxicology and Chemical Risks, Institute for Biomedical Research of the Armed Forces, Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - Grégory Dal Bo
- Department of Toxicology and Chemical Risks, Institute for Biomedical Research of the Armed Forces, Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - Nina Dupuis
- Department of Toxicology and Chemical Risks, Institute for Biomedical Research of the Armed Forces, Brétigny sur Orge, France
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20
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Košak U, Strašek N, Knez D, Jukič M, Žakelj S, Zahirović A, Pišlar A, Brazzolotto X, Nachon F, Kos J, Gobec S. N-alkylpiperidine carbamates as potential anti-Alzheimer's agents. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 197:112282. [PMID: 32380361 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Compounds capable of interacting with single or multiple targets involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis are potential anti-Alzheimer's agents. In our aim to develop new anti-Alzheimer's agents, a series of 36 new N-alkylpiperidine carbamates was designed, synthesized and evaluated for the inhibition of cholinesterases [acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE)] and monoamine oxidases [monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B)]. Four compounds are very promising: multiple AChE (IC50 = 7.31 μM), BChE (IC50 = 0.56 μM) and MAO-B (IC50 = 26.1 μM) inhibitor 10, dual AChE (IC50 = 2.25 μM) and BChE (IC50 = 0.81 μM) inhibitor 22, selective BChE (IC50 = 0.06 μM) inhibitor 13, and selective MAO-B (IC50 = 0.18 μM) inhibitor 16. Results of enzyme kinetics experiments showed that despite the carbamate group in the structure, compounds 10, 13, and 22 are reversible and non-time-dependent inhibitors of AChE and/or BChE. The resolved crystal structure of the complex of BChE with compound 13 confirmed the non-covalent mechanism of inhibition. Additionally, N-propargylpiperidine 16 is an irreversible and time-dependent inhibitor of MAO-B, while N-benzylpiperidine 10 is reversible. Additionally, compounds 10, 13, 16, and 22 should be able to cross the blood-brain barrier and are not cytotoxic to human neuronal-like SH-SY5Y and liver HepG2 cells. Finally, compounds 10 and 16 also prevent amyloid β1-42 (Aβ1-42)-induced neuronal cell death. The neuroprotective effects of compound 16 could be the result of its Aβ1-42 anti-aggregation effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urban Košak
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nika Strašek
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damijan Knez
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marko Jukič
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Simon Žakelj
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Abida Zahirović
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anja Pišlar
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Xavier Brazzolotto
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Florian Nachon
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Janko Kos
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Stanislav Gobec
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Nachon F, Rosenberry TL, Silman I, Sussman JL. A Second Look at the Crystal Structures of Drosophila melanogaster Acetylcholinesterase in Complex with Tacrine Derivatives Provides Insights Concerning Catalytic Intermediates and the Design of Specific Insecticides. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25051198. [PMID: 32155891 PMCID: PMC7179448 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Over recent decades, crystallographic software for data processing and structure refinement has improved dramatically, resulting in more accurate and detailed crystal structures. It is, therefore, sometimes valuable to have a second look at "old" diffraction data, especially when earlier interpretation of the electron density maps was rather difficult. Here, we present updated crystal structures of Drosophila melanogaster acetylcholinesterase (DmAChE) originally published in [Harel et al., Prot Sci (2000) 9:1063-1072], which reveal features previously unnoticed. Thus, previously unmodeled density in the native active site can be interpreted as stable acetylation of the catalytic serine. Similarly, a strong density in the DmAChE/ZA complex originally attributed to a sulfate ion is better interpreted as a small molecule that is covalently bound. This small molecule can be modeled as either a propionate or a glycinate. The complex is reminiscent of the carboxylate butyrylcholinesterase complexes observed in crystal structures of human butyrylcholinesterases from various sources, and demonstrates the remarkable ability of cholinesterases to stabilize covalent complexes with carboxylates. A very strong peak of density (10 σ) at covalent distance from the Cβ of the catalytic serine is present in the DmAChE/ZAI complex. This can be undoubtedly attributed to an iodine atom, suggesting an unanticipated iodo/hydroxyl exchange between Ser238 and the inhibitor, possibly driven by the intense X-ray irradiation. Finally, the binding of tacrine-derived inhibitors, such as ZA (1DX4) or the iodinated analog, ZAI (1QON) results in the appearance of an open channel that connects the base of the active-site gorge to the solvent. This channel, which arises due to the absence of the conserved tyrosine present in vertebrate cholinesterases, could be exploited to design inhibitors specific to insect cholinesterases. The present study demonstrates that updated processing of older diffraction images, and the re-refinement of older diffraction data, can produce valuable information that could not be detected in the original analysis, and strongly supports the preservation of the diffraction images in public data banks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Nachon
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-178-65-1877
| | - Terrone L. Rosenberry
- Departments of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA;
| | - Israel Silman
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel;
| | - Joel L. Sussman
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel;
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22
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Zueva I, Dias J, Lushchekina S, Semenov V, Mukhamedyarov M, Pashirova T, Babaev V, Nachon F, Petrova N, Nurullin L, Zakharova L, Ilyin V, Masson P, Petrov K. New evidence for dual binding site inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase as improved drugs for treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Neuropharmacology 2019; 155:131-141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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23
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Nervo A, Calas AG, Nachon F, Krejci E. Respiratory failure triggered by cholinesterase inhibitors may involve activation of a reflex sensory pathway by acetylcholine spillover. Toxicology 2019; 424:152232. [PMID: 31175885 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Respiration failure during exposure by cholinesterase inhibitors has been widely assumed to be due to inhibition of cholinesterase in the brain. Using a double chamber plethysmograph to measure various respiratory parameters, we observed long "end inspiratory pauses" (EIP) during most exposure that depressed breathing. Surprisingly, Colq KO mice that have a normal level of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the brain but a severe deficit in muscles and other peripheral tissues do not pause the breathing by long EIP. In mice, long EIP can be triggered by a nasal irritant. Eucalyptol, an agonist of cold receptor (TRPM8) acting on afferent sensory neurons and known to reduce the EIP triggered by such irritants, strongly reduced the EIP induced by cholinesterase inhibitor. These results suggest that acetylcholine (ACh) spillover from the neuromuscular junction, which is unchanged in Colq KO mice, may activate afferent sensory systems and trigger sensory reflexes, as reversed by eucalyptol. Indeed, the role of AChE at the cholinergic synapses is not only to accurately control the synaptic transmission but also to prevent the spillover of ACh. In the peripheral tissues, the ACh flood induced by cholinesterase inhibition may be very toxic due to interaction with non-neuronal cells that use ACh at low levels to communicate with afferent sensory neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Nervo
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France; COGnition and Action Group, UMR 8257, CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - André-Guilhem Calas
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France; COGnition and Action Group, UMR 8257, CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Florian Nachon
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Eric Krejci
- COGnition and Action Group, UMR 8257, CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
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24
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Meden A, Knez D, Jukič M, Brazzolotto X, Gršič M, Pišlar A, Zahirović A, Kos J, Nachon F, Svete J, Gobec S, Grošelj U. Tryptophan-derived butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors as promising leads against Alzheimer's disease. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:3765-3768. [PMID: 30864579 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc01330j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have identified tryptophan-based selective nanomolar butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors. They are defined according to their chemical modularity, novel binding mode revealed by five solved crystal structures with human BChE, low cytotoxicity, and predicted permeability of the blood-brain barrier. Altogether, these factors indicate their potential as unique lead compounds for symptomatic therapy against Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- AnŽe Meden
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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25
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Lalut J, Santoni G, Karila D, Lecoutey C, Davis A, Nachon F, Silman I, Sussman J, Weik M, Maurice T, Dallemagne P, Rochais C. Novel multitarget-directed ligands targeting acetylcholinesterase and σ 1 receptors as lead compounds for treatment of Alzheimer's disease: Synthesis, evaluation, and structural characterization of their complexes with acetylcholinesterase. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 162:234-248. [PMID: 30447434 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.10.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Pleiotropic intervention may be a requirement for effective limitation of the progression of multifactorial diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease. One approach to such intervention is to design a single chemical entity capable of acting on two or more targets of interest, which are accordingly known as Multi-Target Directed Ligands (MTDLs). We recently described donecopride, the first MTDL able to simultaneously inhibit acetylcholinesterase and act as an agonist of the 5-HT4 receptor, which displays promising activities in vivo. Pharmacomodulation of donecopride allowed us to develop a novel series of indole derivatives possessing interesting in vitro activities toward AChE and the σ1 receptor. The crystal structures of complexes of the most promising compounds with Torpedo californica AChE were solved in order to further understand their mode of inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Lalut
- Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CERMN, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Gianluca Santoni
- Univ Grenoble Alpes, IBS, F-38027, Grenoble, France; CNRS, IBS, F-38027, Grenoble, France; CEA, IBS, F-38027, Grenoble, France
| | - Delphine Karila
- Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CERMN, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Cédric Lecoutey
- Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CERMN, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Audrey Davis
- Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CERMN, 14000, Caen, France
| | - Florian Nachon
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91220, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Israel Silman
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Joel Sussman
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Martin Weik
- Univ Grenoble Alpes, IBS, F-38027, Grenoble, France; CNRS, IBS, F-38027, Grenoble, France; CEA, IBS, F-38027, Grenoble, France
| | - Tangui Maurice
- Molecular Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Diseases, MMDN Laboratory, University of Montpellier, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Institut National de la Recherche et de la Santé Médicale, UMR-S1198, 34095, Montpellier, France
| | - Patrick Dallemagne
- Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CERMN, 14000, Caen, France.
| | - Christophe Rochais
- Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CERMN, 14000, Caen, France.
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26
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Touvrey C, Courageux C, Guillon V, Terreux R, Nachon F, Brazzolotto X. X-ray structures of human bile-salt activated lipase conjugated to nerve agents surrogates. Toxicology 2018; 411:15-23. [PMID: 30359675 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2018.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of human butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) as a stoichiometric bioscavenger of nerve agents is well established. However, wide use is currently limited by production and purification costs. Aiming at identifying an alternative human protein bioscavenger, we looked for an original scaffold candidate by virtual screening of the Protein Data Bank for functional similarity using the "Surfing the Molecules" software (sumo-pbil.ibcp.fr) and a search model based on the BChE active site topology. Besides the expected acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase, we identified a set of bile salt activated lipases structures, among which the human pancreatic lipase (hBAL) that shares 34% identity with BChE. We produced the recombinant enzyme in mammalian cells, purified it, and measured the inhibition constants for paraoxon and surrogates of VX, sarin and tabun. We solved the X-ray structure of apo hBAL and conjugates with paraoxon and the surrogates at resolutions in the 2-Å range. These structures allow the assessment of hBAL for scavenging nerve agents. They revealed that hBAL has inverted stereoselectivity for the surrogates of nerve agent compared to human cholinesterases. We observed a remarkable flip of the catalytic histidine driven by the chelation of Zn2+. Dealkylation of the conjugate, aka aging, was solely observed for paraoxon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Touvrey
- Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, 7 Passage du Vercors, 69367 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Charlotte Courageux
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Brétigny sur Orge, 91220, France
| | - Virginia Guillon
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Brétigny sur Orge, 91220, France
| | - Raphael Terreux
- Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, 7 Passage du Vercors, 69367 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Florian Nachon
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Brétigny sur Orge, 91220, France.
| | - Xavier Brazzolotto
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Brétigny sur Orge, 91220, France
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27
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Santoni G, de Sousa J, de la Mora E, Dias J, Jean L, Sussman JL, Silman I, Renard PY, Brown RCD, Weik M, Baati R, Nachon F. Structure-Based Optimization of Nonquaternary Reactivators of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibited by Organophosphorus Nerve Agents. J Med Chem 2018; 61:7630-7639. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Santoni
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IBS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Julien de Sousa
- Université de Strasbourg, ICPEES, UMR CNRS 7515, 67087 Strasbourg, France
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | | | - José Dias
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Ludovic Jean
- Université de Normandie, COBRA, UMR 6014, FR 3038, Université de Rouen, INSA de Rouen, CNRS, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Joel L. Sussman
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Israel Silman
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Pierre-Yves Renard
- Université de Normandie, COBRA, UMR 6014, FR 3038, Université de Rouen, INSA de Rouen, CNRS, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Richard C. D. Brown
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Weik
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IBS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Rachid Baati
- Université de Strasbourg, ICPEES, UMR CNRS 7515, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Florian Nachon
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
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28
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Knez D, Coquelle N, Pišlar A, Žakelj S, Jukič M, Sova M, Mravljak J, Nachon F, Brazzolotto X, Kos J, Colletier JP, Gobec S. Multi-target-directed ligands for treating Alzheimer's disease: Butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors displaying antioxidant and neuroprotective activities. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 156:598-617. [PMID: 30031971 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The limited clinical efficacy of current symptomatic treatment and minute effect on progression of Alzheimer's disease has shifted the research focus from single targets towards multi-target-directed ligands. Here, a potent selective inhibitor of human butyrylcholinesterase was used as the starting point to develop a new series of multifunctional ligands. A focused library of derivatives was designed and synthesised that showed both butyrylcholinesterase inhibition and good antioxidant activity as determined by the DPPH assay. The crystal structure of compound 11 in complex with butyrylcholinesterase revealed the molecular basis for its low nanomolar inhibition of butyrylcholinesterase (Ki = 1.09 ± 0.12 nM). In addition, compounds 8 and 11 show metal-chelating properties, and reduce the redox activity of chelated Cu2+ ions in a Cu-ascorbate redox system. Compounds 8 and 11 decrease intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species, and are not substrates of the active efflux transport system, as determined in Caco2 cells. Compound 11 also protects neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells from toxic Aβ1-42 species. These data indicate that compounds 8 and 11 are promising multifunctional lead ligands for treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damijan Knez
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nicolas Coquelle
- University Grenoble Alpes, IBS, F-38044, Grenoble, France; CNRS, IBS, F-38044, Grenoble, France; CEA, IBS, F-38044, Grenoble, France
| | - Anja Pišlar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Simon Žakelj
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marko Jukič
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matej Sova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Mravljak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Florian Nachon
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223, Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - Xavier Brazzolotto
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223, Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - Janko Kos
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jacques-Philippe Colletier
- University Grenoble Alpes, IBS, F-38044, Grenoble, France; CNRS, IBS, F-38044, Grenoble, France; CEA, IBS, F-38044, Grenoble, France
| | - Stanislav Gobec
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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29
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Zorbaz T, Braïki A, Maraković N, Renou J, de la Mora E, Maček Hrvat N, Katalinić M, Silman I, Sussman JL, Mercey G, Gomez C, Mougeot R, Pérez B, Baati R, Nachon F, Weik M, Jean L, Kovarik Z, Renard PY. Potent 3-Hydroxy-2-Pyridine Aldoxime Reactivators of Organophosphate-Inhibited Cholinesterases with Predicted Blood-Brain Barrier Penetration. Chemistry 2018; 24:9675-9691. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Zorbaz
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health; Ksaverska cesta 2 HR-10000 Zagreb Croatia
| | - Anissa Braïki
- COBRA (UMR 6014); INSA Rouen; CNRS; Normandie Univ.; UNIROUEN; 76000 Rouen France
| | - Nikola Maraković
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health; Ksaverska cesta 2 HR-10000 Zagreb Croatia
| | - Julien Renou
- COBRA (UMR 6014); INSA Rouen; CNRS; Normandie Univ.; UNIROUEN; 76000 Rouen France
| | | | - Nikolina Maček Hrvat
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health; Ksaverska cesta 2 HR-10000 Zagreb Croatia
| | - Maja Katalinić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health; Ksaverska cesta 2 HR-10000 Zagreb Croatia
| | - Israel Silman
- Department of Neurobiology; Weizmann Institute of Science; 6100 Rehovot Israel
| | - Joel L. Sussman
- Department of Structural Biology; Weizmann Institute of Science; 76100 Rehovot Israel
| | - Guillaume Mercey
- COBRA (UMR 6014); INSA Rouen; CNRS; Normandie Univ.; UNIROUEN; 76000 Rouen France
| | - Catherine Gomez
- COBRA (UMR 6014); INSA Rouen; CNRS; Normandie Univ.; UNIROUEN; 76000 Rouen France
| | - Romain Mougeot
- COBRA (UMR 6014); INSA Rouen; CNRS; Normandie Univ.; UNIROUEN; 76000 Rouen France
| | - Belén Pérez
- Departament de Farmacologia, de Terapèutica i de Toxicologia; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona Spain
| | - Rachid Baati
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES); ECPM, UMR 7515 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg; 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02 France
| | - Florian Nachon
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques; Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées; 91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge France
| | - Martin Weik
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes; CEA; CNRS; IBS; 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Ludovic Jean
- COBRA (UMR 6014); INSA Rouen; CNRS; Normandie Univ.; UNIROUEN; 76000 Rouen France
| | - Zrinka Kovarik
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health; Ksaverska cesta 2 HR-10000 Zagreb Croatia
| | - Pierre-Yves Renard
- COBRA (UMR 6014); INSA Rouen; CNRS; Normandie Univ.; UNIROUEN; 76000 Rouen France
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Košak U, Brus B, Knez D, Žakelj S, Trontelj J, Pišlar A, Šink R, Jukič M, Živin M, Podkowa A, Nachon F, Brazzolotto X, Stojan J, Kos J, Coquelle N, Sałat K, Colletier JP, Gobec S. The Magic of Crystal Structure-Based Inhibitor Optimization: Development of a Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitor with Picomolar Affinity and in Vivo Activity. J Med Chem 2017; 61:119-139. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Urban Košak
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Boris Brus
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damijan Knez
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Simon Žakelj
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jurij Trontelj
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anja Pišlar
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Roman Šink
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marko Jukič
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marko Živin
- Institute
of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Adrian Podkowa
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Florian Nachon
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223 Brétigny
sur Orge, France
| | - Xavier Brazzolotto
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223 Brétigny
sur Orge, France
| | - Jure Stojan
- Institute
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov
trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janko Kos
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nicolas Coquelle
- University Grenoble Alpes, and CNRS and CEA, IBS, F-38044 Grenoble, France
| | - Kinga Sałat
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Stanislav Gobec
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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31
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de Koning MC, Joosen MJA, Worek F, Nachon F, van Grol M, Klaassen SD, Alkema DPW, Wille T, de Bruijn HM. Application of the Ugi Multicomponent Reaction in the Synthesis of Reactivators of Nerve Agent Inhibited Acetylcholinesterase. J Med Chem 2017; 60:9376-9392. [PMID: 29091431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recently, a new class of reactivators of chemical warfare agent inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with promising in vitro potential was developed by the covalent linkage of an oxime nucleophile and a peripheral site ligand. However, the complexity of these molecular structures thwarts their accessibility. We report the compatibility of various oxime-based compounds with the use of the Ugi multicomponent reaction in which four readily accessible building blocks are mixed together to form a product that links a reactivating unit and a potential peripheral site ligand. A small library of imidazole and imidazolium reactivators was successfully synthesized using this method. Some of these compounds showed a promising ability to reactivate AChE inhibited by various types of CWA in vitro. Molecular modeling was used to understand differences in reactivation potential between these compounds. Four compounds were evaluated in vivo using sarin-exposed rats. One of the reactivators showed improved in vivo efficacy compared to the current antidote pralidoxime (2-PAM).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Franz Worek
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Neuherbergstrasse 11, 80937 Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Nachon
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées , 91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Marco van Grol
- TNO , Lange Kleiweg 137, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Timo Wille
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Neuherbergstrasse 11, 80937 Munich, Germany
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Masson P, Nachon F. Cholinesterase reactivators and bioscavengers for pre- and post-exposure treatments of organophosphorus poisoning. J Neurochem 2017; 142 Suppl 2:26-40. [PMID: 28542985 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Organophosphorus agents (OPs) irreversibly inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) causing a major cholinergic syndrome. The medical counter-measures of OP poisoning have not evolved for the last 30 years with carbamates for pretreatment, pyridinium oximes-based AChE reactivators, antimuscarinic drugs and neuroprotective benzodiazepines for post-exposure treatment. These drugs ensure protection of peripheral nervous system and mitigate acute effects of OP lethal doses. However, they have significant limitations. Pyridostigmine and oximes do not protect/reactivate central AChE. Oximes poorly reactivate AChE inhibited by phosphoramidates. In addition, current neuroprotectants do not protect the central nervous system shortly after the onset of seizures when brain damage becomes irreversible. New therapeutic approaches for pre- and post-exposure treatments involve detoxification of OP molecules before they reach their molecular targets by administrating catalytic bioscavengers, among them phosphotriesterases are the most promising. Novel generation of broad spectrum reactivators are designed for crossing the blood-brain barrier and reactivate central AChE. This is an article for the special issue XVth International Symposium on Cholinergic Mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Masson
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Florian Nachon
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge, Cédex, France
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Driant T, Nachon F, Ollivier C, Renard PY, Derat E. Back Cover: On the Influence of the Protonation States of Active Site Residues on AChE Reactivation: A QM/MM Approach (ChemBioChem 7/2017). Chembiochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Driant
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC UNIV Paris 06; Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire; UMR CNRS 8232; Case 229 4 Place Jussieu 75252 Paris Cedex 05 France
| | - Florian Nachon
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques; Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées; 1 Place Général Valérie André 91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge Cédex France
| | - Cyril Ollivier
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC UNIV Paris 06; Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire; UMR CNRS 8232; Case 229 4 Place Jussieu 75252 Paris Cedex 05 France
| | - Pierre-Yves Renard
- Normandie Université; COBRA; UMR 6014 and FR 3038; Université Rouen-Normandie; INSA Rouen; CNRS; 1 rue Tesnière 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex France
| | - Etienne Derat
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC UNIV Paris 06; Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire; UMR CNRS 8232; Case 229 4 Place Jussieu 75252 Paris Cedex 05 France
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Driant T, Nachon F, Ollivier C, Renard PY, Derat E. On the Influence of the Protonation States of Active Site Residues on AChE Reactivation: A QM/MM Approach. Chembiochem 2017; 18:666-675. [PMID: 28106328 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE), an enzyme of the serine hydrolase superfamily, is a mediator of signal transmission at cholinergic synapses by catalyzing acetylcholine cleavage into acetate and choline. This enzyme is vulnerable to covalent inhibition by organophosphate compounds (like VX). Covalent inhibition of AChE does not revert spontaneously. Known reactivator compounds have limited action in restoring catalytic activity. QM/MM simulations of VX-inhibited AChE reactivation by pralidoxime (2-PAM), a classical reactivator, were performed. These afforded a broad view of the effect of protonation states of active-site residues, and provide evidence for the role of Glu202, which needs to be protonated for reactivation to occur. In situ deprotonation of 2-PAM for both protonation states of Glu202 showed that His447 is able to deprotonate 2-PAM with the assistance of Glu202. Because the active site of serine hydrolases is highly conserved, this work provides new insights on the interplay between the catalytic triad residues and this glutamate, newly identified as protonatable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Driant
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC UNIV Paris 06, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 8232, Case 229, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Florian Nachon
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 1 Place Général Valérie André, 91223, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cédex, France
| | - Cyril Ollivier
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC UNIV Paris 06, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 8232, Case 229, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Renard
- Normandie Université, COBRA, UMR 6014 and FR 3038, Université Rouen-Normandie, INSA Rouen, CNRS, 1 rue Tesnière, 76821, Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Etienne Derat
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC UNIV Paris 06, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 8232, Case 229, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
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35
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Košak U, Brus B, Knez D, Šink R, Žakelj S, Trontelj J, Pišlar A, Šlenc J, Gobec M, Živin M, Tratnjek L, Perše M, Sałat K, Podkowa A, Filipek B, Nachon F, Brazzolotto X, Więckowska A, Malawska B, Stojan J, Raščan IM, Kos J, Coquelle N, Colletier JP, Gobec S. Development of an in-vivo active reversible butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39495. [PMID: 28000737 PMCID: PMC5175178 DOI: 10.1038/srep39495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by severe basal forebrain cholinergic deficit, which results in progressive and chronic deterioration of memory and cognitive functions. Similar to acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) contributes to the termination of cholinergic neurotransmission. Its enzymatic activity increases with the disease progression, thus classifying BChE as a viable therapeutic target in advanced AD. Potent, selective and reversible human BChE inhibitors were developed. The solved crystal structure of human BChE in complex with the most potent inhibitor reveals its binding mode and provides the molecular basis of its low nanomolar potency. Additionally, this compound is noncytotoxic and has neuroprotective properties. Furthermore, this inhibitor moderately crosses the blood-brain barrier and improves memory, cognitive functions and learning abilities of mice in a model of the cholinergic deficit that characterizes AD, without producing acute cholinergic adverse effects. Our study provides an advanced lead compound for developing drugs for alleviating symptoms caused by cholinergic hypofunction in advanced AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urban Košak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Boris Brus
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damijan Knez
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Roman Šink
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Simon Žakelj
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jurij Trontelj
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anja Pišlar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jasna Šlenc
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Martina Gobec
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marko Živin
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Larisa Tratnjek
- Institute of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Martina Perše
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Korytkova 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Kinga Sałat
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Adrian Podkowa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Filipek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Florian Nachon
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223 Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - Xavier Brazzolotto
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223 Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - Anna Więckowska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Malawska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jure Stojan
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Janko Kos
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nicolas Coquelle
- University Grenoble Alpes, IBS, F-38044 Grenoble, France.,CNRS, IBS, F-38044 Grenoble, France.,CEA, IBS, F-38044 Grenoble, France
| | - Jacques-Philippe Colletier
- University Grenoble Alpes, IBS, F-38044 Grenoble, France.,CNRS, IBS, F-38044 Grenoble, France.,CEA, IBS, F-38044 Grenoble, France
| | - Stanislav Gobec
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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36
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Košak U, Knez D, Coquelle N, Brus B, Pišlar A, Nachon F, Brazzolotto X, Kos J, Colletier JP, Gobec S. N-Propargylpiperidines with naphthalene-2-carboxamide or naphthalene-2-sulfonamide moieties: Potential multifunctional anti-Alzheimer's agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 25:633-645. [PMID: 27908752 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease, the enzymatic activities of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) are increased. While BChE is a viable therapeutic target for alleviation of symptoms caused by cholinergic hypofunction, MAO-B is a potential therapeutic target for prevention of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease. Starting with piperidine-based selective human (h)BChE inhibitors and propargylamine-based MAO inhibitors, we have designed, synthesized and biochemically evaluated a series of N-propargylpiperidines. All of these compounds inhibited hBChE with good selectivity over the related enzyme, acetylcholinesterase, and crossed the blood-brain barrier in a parallel artificial membrane permeation assay. The crystal structure of one of the inhibitors (compound 3) in complex with hBChE revealed its binding mode. Three compounds (4, 5, 6) showed concomitant inhibition of MAO-B. Additionally, the most potent hBChE inhibitor 7 and dual BChE and MAO-B inhibitor 6 were non-cytotoxic and protected neuronal SH-SY5Y cells from toxic amyloid β-peptide species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urban Košak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damijan Knez
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nicolas Coquelle
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, 38044 Grenoble, France
| | - Boris Brus
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anja Pišlar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Florian Nachon
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Xavier Brazzolotto
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Janko Kos
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Stanislav Gobec
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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37
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Dighe SN, Deora GS, De la Mora E, Nachon F, Chan S, Parat MO, Brazzolotto X, Ross BP. Discovery and Structure-Activity Relationships of a Highly Selective Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitor by Structure-Based Virtual Screening. J Med Chem 2016; 59:7683-9. [PMID: 27405689 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Structure-based virtual screening of two libraries containing 567 981 molecules was used to discover novel, selective BuChE inhibitors, which are potentially superior symptomatic treatments in late-stage Alzheimer's disease. Compound 16 was identified as a highly selective submicromolar inhibitor of BuChE (huBuChE IC50 = 0.443 μM) with high permeability in the PAMPA-BBB model. The X-ray crystal structure of huBuChE in complex with 16 revealed the atomic-level interactions and offers opportunities for further development of the series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish N Dighe
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Girdhar Singh Deora
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Eugenio De la Mora
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, 38044 Grenoble, France
| | - Florian Nachon
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées , 91223 Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - Stephen Chan
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Marie-Odile Parat
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Xavier Brazzolotto
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées , 91223 Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - Benjamin P Ross
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Peters J, Martinez N, Trovaslet M, Scannapieco K, Koza MM, Masson P, Nachon F. Dynamics of human acetylcholinesterase bound to non-covalent and covalent inhibitors shedding light on changes to the water network structure. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:12992-3001. [PMID: 27109895 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp00280c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of non-covalent reversible and covalent irreversible inhibitors on human acetylcholinesterase and human butyrylcholinesterase. Remarkably a non-covalent inhibitor, Huperzine A, has almost no effect on the molecular dynamics of the protein, whereas the covalently binding nerve agent soman renders the molecular structure stiffer in its aged form. The modified movements were studied by incoherent neutron scattering on different time scales and they indicate a stabilization and stiffening of aged human acetylcholinesterase. It is not straightforward to understand the forces leading to this strong effect. In addition to the specific interactions of the adduct within the protein, some indications point towards an extensive water structure change for the aged conjugate as water Bragg peaks appeared at cryogenic temperature despite an identical initial hydration state for all samples. Such a change associated to an apparent increase in free water volume upon aging suggests higher ordering of the hydration shell that leads to the stiffening of protein. Thus, several additive contributions seem responsible for the improved flexibility or stiffening effect of the inhibitors rather than a single interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Peters
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LiPhy, F-38044 Grenoble, France
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39
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Calas AG, Dias J, Rousseau C, Arboléas M, Touvrey-Loiodice M, Mercey G, Jean L, Renard PY, Nachon F. An easy method for the determination of active concentrations of cholinesterase reactivators in blood samples: Application to the efficacy assessment of non quaternary reactivators compared to HI-6 and pralidoxime in VX-poisoned mice. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 267:11-16. [PMID: 26972668 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Organophosphorus nerve agents, like VX, are highly toxic due to their strong inhibition potency against acetylcholinesterase (AChE). AChE inhibited by VX can be reactivated using powerful nucleophilic molecules, most commonly oximes, which are one major component of the emergency treatment in case of nerve agent intoxication. We present here a comparative in vivo study on Swiss mice of four reactivators: HI-6, pralidoxime and two uncharged derivatives of 3-hydroxy-2-pyridinaldoxime that should more easily cross the blood-brain barrier and display a significant central nervous system activity. The reactivability kinetic profile of the oximes is established following intraperitoneal injection in healthy mice, using an original and fast enzymatic method based on the reactivation potential of oxime-containing plasma samples. HI-6 displays the highest reactivation potential whatever the conditions, followed by pralidoxime and the two non quaternary reactivators at the dose of 50 mg/kg bw. But these three last reactivators display equivalent reactivation potential at the same dose of 100 μmol/kg bw. Maximal reactivation potential closely correlates to surviving test results of VX intoxicated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- André-Guilhem Calas
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cédex, France; COGNition and ACtion Group, UMR 8257, CNRS-MD-UPV, Centre universitaire des Saints-Pères, Paris, France.
| | - José Dias
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cédex, France
| | - Catherine Rousseau
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cédex, France; COGNition and ACtion Group, UMR 8257, CNRS-MD-UPV, Centre universitaire des Saints-Pères, Paris, France
| | - Mélanie Arboléas
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cédex, France
| | | | - Guillaume Mercey
- Normandie Université, COBRA, UMR 6014 & FR 3038, Université de Rouen, INSA Rouen, CNRS, 1 rue Tesnière, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Ludovic Jean
- Normandie Université, COBRA, UMR 6014 & FR 3038, Université de Rouen, INSA Rouen, CNRS, 1 rue Tesnière, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Renard
- Normandie Université, COBRA, UMR 6014 & FR 3038, Université de Rouen, INSA Rouen, CNRS, 1 rue Tesnière, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Florian Nachon
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge Cédex, France
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Soukup O, Dolezal R, Malinak D, Marek J, Salajkova S, Pasdiorova M, Honegr J, Korabecny J, Nachtigal P, Nachon F, Jun D, Kuca K. Synthesis, antimicrobial evaluation and molecular modeling of 5-hydroxyisoquinolinium salt series; the effect of the hydroxyl moiety. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:841-8. [PMID: 26774252 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In the present paper, we describe the synthesis of a new group of 5-hydroxyisoquinolinium salts with different lengths of alkyl side-chain (C10-C18), and their chromatographic analysis and biological assay for in vitro activity against bacterial and fungal strains. We compare the lipophilicity and efficacy of hydroxylated isoquinolinium salts with the previously published (non-hydroxylated) isoquinolinium salts from the point of view of antibacterial and antifungal versatility and cytotoxic safety. Compound 11 (C18) had to be excluded from the testing due to its low solubility. Compounds 9 and 10 (C14, C16) showed only moderate efficacy against G+ bacteria, notably with excellent potency against Staphyloccocus aureus, but no effect against G- bacteria. In contrast, non-hydroxylated isoquinolinium salts showed excellent antimicrobial efficacy within the whole series, particularly 14 (C14) against G+ strains and 15 (C16) against fungi. The electronic properties and desolvation energies of 5-hydroxyisoquinolinium and isoquinolinium salts were studied by quantum-chemistry calculations employing B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) method and an implicit water-solvent simulation model (SCRF). Despite the positive mesomeric effect of the hydroxyl moiety reducing the electron density of the quaternary nitrogen, it is probably the higher lipophilicity and lower desolvation energy of isoquinolinium salts, which is responsible for enhanced antimicrobial versatility and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Rafael Dolezal
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Center for Basic and Applied Research, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - David Malinak
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 15, 708 33 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Marek
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Surgical Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Syllabova 19, 700 30 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Sarka Salajkova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Pasdiorova
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Honegr
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Nachtigal
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University in Prague, Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Florian Nachon
- Departement de Toxicologie et Risque Chimique, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, BP73, F-91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Daniel Jun
- Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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Renou J, Dias J, Mercey G, Verdelet T, Rousseau C, Gastellier AJ, Arboléas M, Touvrey-Loiodice M, Baati R, Jean L, Nachon F, Renard PY. Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of donepezil-based reactivators and analogues for nerve agent-inhibited human acetylcholinesterase. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra25477a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Donepezil-based reactivators 1–3 show a better ability (8 fold higher) than pralidoxime to reactivate VX-hAChE, and oxime 2 is 5 to 11 fold more efficient than pralidoxime and HI-6 respectively to reactivate of VX-hBChE.
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Trapp M, Tehei M, Trovaslet M, Nachon F, Martinez N, Koza MM, Weik M, Masson P, Peters J. Correlation of the dynamics of native human acetylcholinesterase and its inhibited huperzine A counterpart from sub-picoseconds to nanoseconds. J R Soc Interface 2015; 11:20140372. [PMID: 24872501 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2014.0372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It is a long debated question whether catalytic activities of enzymes, which lie on the millisecond timescale, are possibly already reflected in variations in atomic thermal fluctuations on the pico- to nanosecond timescale. To shed light on this puzzle, the enzyme human acetylcholinesterase in its wild-type form and complexed with the inhibitor huperzine A were investigated by various neutron scattering techniques and molecular dynamics simulations. Previous results on elastic neutron scattering at various timescales and simulations suggest that dynamical processes are not affected on average by the presence of the ligand within the considered time ranges between 10 ps and 1 ns. In the work presented here, the focus was laid on quasi-elastic (QENS) and inelastic neutron scattering (INS). These techniques give access to different kinds of individual diffusive motions and to the density of states of collective motions at the sub-picoseconds timescale. Hence, they permit going beyond the first approach of looking at mean square displacements. For both samples, the autocorrelation function was well described by a stretched-exponential function indicating a linkage between the timescales of fast and slow functional relaxation dynamics. The findings of the QENS and INS investigation are discussed in relation to the results of our earlier elastic incoherent neutron scattering and molecular dynamics simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Trapp
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Lise-Meitner Campus, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - M Tehei
- School of Chemistry, University of Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia Centre for Medical Bioscience, Australian Institute of Nuclear Science and Engineering (AINSE), Menai, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M Trovaslet
- Institut de Biologie Structurale J.-P. Ebel, UMR 5075, CNRS-CEA-UJF, 38042 Grenoble Cédex 9, France Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223 Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - F Nachon
- Institut de Biologie Structurale J.-P. Ebel, UMR 5075, CNRS-CEA-UJF, 38042 Grenoble Cédex 9, France Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, 91223 Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - N Martinez
- Institut de Biologie Structurale J.-P. Ebel, UMR 5075, CNRS-CEA-UJF, 38042 Grenoble Cédex 9, France Institut Laue Langevin, 38042 Grenoble Cédex 9, France Université Joseph Fourier, UFR PhITEM, 38041 Grenoble Cédex 9, France
| | - M M Koza
- Institut Laue Langevin, 38042 Grenoble Cédex 9, France
| | - M Weik
- Institut de Biologie Structurale J.-P. Ebel, UMR 5075, CNRS-CEA-UJF, 38042 Grenoble Cédex 9, France
| | - P Masson
- Institut de Biologie Structurale J.-P. Ebel, UMR 5075, CNRS-CEA-UJF, 38042 Grenoble Cédex 9, France
| | - J Peters
- Institut de Biologie Structurale J.-P. Ebel, UMR 5075, CNRS-CEA-UJF, 38042 Grenoble Cédex 9, France Institut Laue Langevin, 38042 Grenoble Cédex 9, France Université Joseph Fourier, UFR PhITEM, 38041 Grenoble Cédex 9, France
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Marion J, Trovaslet M, Martinez N, Masson P, Schweins R, Nachon F, Trapp M, Peters J. Pressure-induced molten globule state of human acetylcholinesterase: structural and dynamical changes monitored by neutron scattering. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:3157-63. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp02992e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We used neutron scattering to study the effects of high hydrostatic pressure on the structure and dynamics of human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE).
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Marion
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes
- IBS
- F-38044 Grenoble
- France
- Institut Laue Langevin
| | - M. Trovaslet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes
- IBS
- F-38044 Grenoble
- France
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées
| | - N. Martinez
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes
- IBS
- F-38044 Grenoble
- France
- Institut Laue Langevin
| | - P. Masson
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes
- IBS
- F-38044 Grenoble
- France
- Kazan Federal University
| | - R. Schweins
- Institut Laue Langevin
- F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9
- France
| | - F. Nachon
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes
- IBS
- F-38044 Grenoble
- France
- Institut Laue Langevin
| | - M. Trapp
- Angewandte Physikalische Chemie
- Universität Heidelberg
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie
| | - J. Peters
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes
- IBS
- F-38044 Grenoble
- France
- Institut Laue Langevin
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Dorandeu F, Dhote F, Calas G, Nachon F. Les oximes dans le traitement des intoxications aiguës par organophosphorés : est-il raisonnable de vouloir s’en passer ? Toxicologie Analytique et Clinique 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxac.2014.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Kliachyna M, Santoni G, Nussbaum V, Renou J, Sanson B, Colletier JP, Arboléas M, Loiodice M, Weik M, Jean L, Renard PY, Nachon F, Baati R. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel tetrahydroacridine pyridine- aldoxime and -amidoxime hybrids as efficient uncharged reactivators of nerve agent-inhibited human acetylcholinesterase. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 78:455-67. [PMID: 24704618 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of new uncharged functional acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivators including heterodimers of tetrahydroacridine with 3-hydroxy-2-pyridine aldoximes and amidoximes has been synthesized. These novel molecules display in vitro reactivation potencies towards VX-, tabun- and paraoxon-inhibited human AChE that are superior to those of the mono- and bis-pyridinium aldoximes currently used against nerve agent and pesticide poisoning. Furthermore, these uncharged compounds exhibit a broader reactivity spectrum compared to currently approved remediation drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kliachyna
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, CNRS/ UMR 7199 BP 24, 74 route du rhin 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Gianluca Santoni
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Institut de Biologie Structurale, F-38054 Grenoble; CNRS, UMR5075, F-38027 Grenoble; Université Joseph Fourier, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Valentin Nussbaum
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, CNRS/ UMR 7199 BP 24, 74 route du rhin 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Julien Renou
- Normandie University, COBRA, UMR 6014 and FR 3038; University of Rouen; INSA of Rouen; CNRS, 1 rue Tesniere 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, Cedex, France
| | - Benoit Sanson
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Institut de Biologie Structurale, F-38054 Grenoble; CNRS, UMR5075, F-38027 Grenoble; Université Joseph Fourier, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Jacques-Philippe Colletier
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Institut de Biologie Structurale, F-38054 Grenoble; CNRS, UMR5075, F-38027 Grenoble; Université Joseph Fourier, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Mélanie Arboléas
- Département de Toxicologie, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées BP7391993 Brétigny/s/Orge, France
| | - Mélanie Loiodice
- Département de Toxicologie, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées BP7391993 Brétigny/s/Orge, France
| | - Martin Weik
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Institut de Biologie Structurale, F-38054 Grenoble; CNRS, UMR5075, F-38027 Grenoble; Université Joseph Fourier, F-38000, Grenoble, France.
| | - Ludovic Jean
- Normandie University, COBRA, UMR 6014 and FR 3038; University of Rouen; INSA of Rouen; CNRS, 1 rue Tesniere 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, Cedex, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Renard
- Normandie University, COBRA, UMR 6014 and FR 3038; University of Rouen; INSA of Rouen; CNRS, 1 rue Tesniere 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, Cedex, France.
| | - Florian Nachon
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Institut de Biologie Structurale, F-38054 Grenoble; CNRS, UMR5075, F-38027 Grenoble; Université Joseph Fourier, F-38000, Grenoble, France; Département de Toxicologie, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées BP7391993 Brétigny/s/Orge, France.
| | - Rachid Baati
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, CNRS/ UMR 7199 BP 24, 74 route du rhin 67401 Illkirch, France.
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Oueis E, Nachon F, Sabot C, Renard PY. First enzymatic hydrolysis/thio-Michael addition cascade route to synthesis of AChE inhibitors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:2043-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc48871c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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47
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Oueis E, Santoni G, Ronco C, Syzgantseva O, Tognetti V, Joubert L, Romieu A, Weik M, Jean L, Sabot C, Nachon F, Renard PY. Reaction site-driven regioselective synthesis of AChE inhibitors. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:156-61. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob42109k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Renou J, Loiodice M, Arboléas M, Baati R, Jean L, Nachon F, Renard PY. Tryptoline-3-hydroxypyridinaldoxime conjugates as efficient reactivators of phosphylated human acetyl and butyrylcholinesterases. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:3947-50. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc00561a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Uncharged reactivators able to efficiently reactivate human butyrylcholinesterase and human acetylcholinesterase inhibited by organophosphorus nerve agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Renou
- Normandie Univ; COBRA
- UMR 6014 & FR 3038; Univ Rouen; INSA Rouen; CNRS
- 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Mélanie Loiodice
- Département NRBC
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées BP73
- 91993 Brétigny/s/Orge, France
| | - Mélanie Arboléas
- Département NRBC
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées BP73
- 91993 Brétigny/s/Orge, France
| | - Rachid Baati
- Faculté de Pharmacie
- Université de Strasbourg
- BP 24, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Ludovic Jean
- Normandie Univ; COBRA
- UMR 6014 & FR 3038; Univ Rouen; INSA Rouen; CNRS
- 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Florian Nachon
- Département NRBC
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées BP73
- 91993 Brétigny/s/Orge, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Renard
- Normandie Univ; COBRA
- UMR 6014 & FR 3038; Univ Rouen; INSA Rouen; CNRS
- 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
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Jiang W, Dubrovskii YA, Podolskaya EP, Murashko EA, Babakov V, Nachon F, Masson P, Schopfer LM, Lockridge O. PHOS-select iron affinity beads enrich peptides for the detection of organophosphorus adducts on albumin. Chem Res Toxicol 2013; 26:1917-25. [PMID: 24187955 DOI: 10.1021/tx400352h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Albumin is covalently modified by organophosphorus toxicants (OP) on tyrosine 411, but less than 1% of albumin is modified in humans by lethal OP doses that inhibit 95% of plasma butyrylcholinesterase. A method that enriches OP-modified albumin peptides could aid analysis of low dose exposures. Soman or chlorpyrifos oxon treated human plasma was digested with pepsin. Albumin peptides were enriched by binding to Fe(3+) beads at pH 11 and eluted with pH 2.6 buffer. Similarly, mouse and guinea pig albumin modified by chlorpyrifos oxon were digested with pepsin and enriched by binding to Fe(3+) beads. Peptides were identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. PHOS-select iron affinity beads specifically enriched albumin peptides VRY411TKKVPQVST and LVRY411TKKVPQVST in a pepsin digest of human plasma. The unmodified as well as OP-modified peptides bound to the beads. The binding capacity of 500 μL of beads was the pepsin digest of 2.1 μL of human plasma. The limit of detection was 0.2% of OP-modified albumin peptide in 0.43 μL of plasma. Enrichment of OP-modified albumin peptides by binding to Fe(3+) beads is a method with potential application to diagnosis of OP pesticide and nerve agent exposure in humans, mice, and guinea pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- Eppley Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5950, United States
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Nachon F, Brazzolotto X, Trovaslet M, Masson P. Progress in the development of enzyme-based nerve agent bioscavengers. Chem Biol Interact 2013; 206:536-44. [PMID: 23811386 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2013.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Revised: 06/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase is the physiological target for acute toxicity of nerve agents. Attempts to protect acetylcholinesterase from phosphylation by nerve agents, is currently achieved by reversible inhibitors that transiently mask the enzyme active site. This approach either protects only peripheral acetylcholinesterase or may cause side effects. Thus, an alternative strategy consists in scavenging nerve agents in the bloodstream before they can reach acetylcholinesterase. Pre- or post-exposure administration of bioscavengers, enzymes that neutralize and detoxify organophosphorus molecules, is one of the major developments of new medical counter-measures. These enzymes act either as stoichiometric or catalytic bioscavengers. Human butyrylcholinesterase is the leading stoichiometric bioscavenger. Current efforts are devoted to its mass production with care to pharmacokinetic properties of the final product for extended lifetime. Development of specific reactivators of phosphylated butyrylcholinesterase, or variants with spontaneous reactivation activity is also envisioned for rapid in situ regeneration of the scavenger. Human paraoxonase 1 is the leading catalytic bioscavenger under development. Research efforts focus on improving its catalytic efficiency toward the most toxic isomers of nerve agents, by means of directed evolution-based strategies. Human prolidase appears to be another promising human enzyme. Other non-human efficient enzymes like bacterial phosphotriesterases or squid diisopropylfluorophosphatase are also considered though their intrinsic immunogenic properties remain challenging for use in humans. Encapsulation, PEGylation and other modifications are possible solutions to address this problem as well as that of their limited lifetime. Finally, gene therapy for in situ generation and delivery of bioscavengers is for the far future, but its proof of concept has been established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Nachon
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, BP87, 38702 La Tronche Cédex, France.
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