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Marcellini F, Varrella S, Ghilardi M, Barucca G, Giorgetti A, Danovaro R, Corinaldesi C. Inorganic UV filter-based sunscreens labelled as eco-friendly threaten sea urchin populations. Environ Pollut 2024:124093. [PMID: 38703981 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Although the negative effects of inorganic UV filters have been documented on several marine organisms, sunscreen products containing such filters are available in the market and proposed as eco-friendly substitutes for harmful, and already banned, organic UV filters (e.g. octinoxate and oxybenzone). In the present study, we investigated the effects of four sunscreen products, labelled by cosmetic companies as "eco-friendly", on the early developmental stages of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus, a keystone species occurring in vulnerable coastal habitats. Among sunscreens tested, those containing ZnO and TiO2 or their mix caused severe impacts on sea urchin embryos. We show that inorganic UV filters were incorporated by larvae during their development and, despite the activation of defence strategies (e.g. phagocytosis by coelomocytes), generated anomalies such as skeletal malformations and tissue necrosis. Conversely, the sunscreen product containing only new-generation organic UV filters (e.g. methylene bis-benzotriazolyl tetramethyl, ethylhexyl triazone, butylphenol diethylamino hydroxybenzoyl hexyl benzoate) did not affect sea urchins, thus resulting actually eco-compatible. Our findings expand information on the impact of inorganic UV filters on marine life, corroborate the need to improve the eco-friendliness assessment of sunscreen products and warn of the risk of bioaccumulation and potential biomagnification of inorganic UV filters along the marine food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Marcellini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; National Biodiversity Future Centre, Italy
| | - S Varrella
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; National Biodiversity Future Centre, Italy
| | - M Ghilardi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - G Barucca
- Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - A Giorgetti
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - R Danovaro
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; National Biodiversity Future Centre, Italy
| | - C Corinaldesi
- National Biodiversity Future Centre, Italy; Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
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Corinaldesi C, Canensi S, Carugati L, Lo Martire M, Marcellini F, Nepote E, Sabbatini S, Danovaro R. Organic enrichment can increase the impact of microplastics on meiofaunal assemblages in tropical beach systems. Environ Pollut 2022; 292:118415. [PMID: 34718087 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The cumulative impact of microplastic and organic enrichment is still largely unknown. Here, we investigated the microplastic contamination, the organic enrichment and their effects on meiofaunal distribution and diversity in two islands of the Maldivian archipelago: one more pristine, and another strongly anthropized. Field studies were coupled with manipulative experiments in which microplastic polymers were added to sediments from the non-anthropized island (i.e., without organic enrichment) to assess the relative effect of microplastic pollution on meiofauna assemblages. Our results reveal that the impact of microplastic contamination on meiofaunal abundance and taxa richness was more significant in the anthropized island, which was also characterized by a significant organic enrichment. Meiofauna exposed experimentally to microplastic contamination showed: i) the increased abundance of opportunistic nematodes and copepods and ii) a shift in the trophic structure, increasing relevance in epistrate-feeder nematodes. Based on all these results, we argue that the coexistence of chronic organic enrichment and microplastics can significantly increase the ecological impacts on meiofaunal assemblages. Since microplastic pollution in the oceans is predicted to increase in the next decades, its negative effects on benthic biodiversity and functioning of tropical ecosystems are expected to worsen especially when coupled with human-induced eutrophication. Urgent actions and management plans are needed to avoid the cumulative impact of microplastic and organic enrichment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Corinaldesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Ingegneria della Materia, dell'Ambiente ed Urbanistica, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Sara Canensi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Laura Carugati
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marco Lo Martire
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Ettore Nepote
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Simona Sabbatini
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Ingegneria della Materia, dell'Ambiente ed Urbanistica, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Roberto Danovaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, Italy
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Gambardella C, Marcellini F, Falugi C, Varrella S, Corinaldesi C. Early-stage anomalies in the sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) as bioindicators of multiple stressors in the marine environment: Overview and future perspectives. Environ Pollut 2021; 287:117608. [PMID: 34182396 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The morphological anomalies of the early development stages of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus, caused by exposure to environmental stressors, are used as biomarker in ecotoxicological and ecological investigations. Here, we reviewed the available literature and classified the embryo and larval anomalies identified so far, to highlight potential commonalities or differences related to the biological action of the different stressors and their ecological impact. Morphological anomalies are influenced by a) the developmental stage of exposure to stressors; b) the intensity of the stress; c) the intra- and inter-cellular mechanisms affected by the exposure to environmental agents. The classification and analysis of embryo and larvae anomalies, either observed by the authors of this review and reported in literature, indicate that sea urchin abnormalities, caused by exposure to different stressors, can be very similar among them and classified into 18 main types, which can occur individually or mixed. All anomalies can be used to calculate an Index of Contaminant Impact to assess the impact of multiple stressors and to identify relationships between morphological anomalies and compromised biological mechanisms. This approach could be useful for a first screening of the presence of potential stressors impairing the growth and development of the early life stages of marine organisms, thus providing a relevant advancement for in future monitoring activities devoted to assess the health status in coastal marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Gambardella
- Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche - Istituto per Lo Studio Degli Impatti Antropici e Sostenibilità in Ambiente Marino (CNR-IAS), Via de Marini 6, 16149, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Carla Falugi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Vita e Dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefano Varrella
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Ingegneria Della Materia, Dell'Ambiente e Urbanistica, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Cinzia Corinaldesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Ingegneria Della Materia, Dell'Ambiente e Urbanistica, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy.
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Marchetti B, Grudiev A, Craievich P, Assmann R, Braun HH, Catalan Lasheras N, Christie F, D’Arcy R, Fortunati R, Ganter R, González Caminal P, Hoffmann M, Huening M, Jaster-Merz SM, Jonas R, Marcellini F, Marx D, McMonagle G, Osterhoff J, Pedrozzi M, Prat Costa E, Reiche S, Reukauff M, Schreiber S, Tews G, Vogt M, Wesch S, Wuensch W. Experimental demonstration of novel beam characterization using a polarizable X-band transverse deflection structure. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3560. [PMID: 33574395 PMCID: PMC7878911 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82687-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The PolariX TDS (Polarizable X-Band Transverse Deflection Structure) is an innovative TDS-design operating in the X-band frequency-range. The design gives full control of the streaking plane, which can be tuned in order to characterize the projections of the beam distribution onto arbitrary transverse axes. This novel feature opens up new opportunities for detailed characterization of the electron beam. In this paper we present first measurements of the Polarix TDS at the FLASHForward beamline at DESY, including three-dimensional reconstruction of the charge-density distribution of the bunch and slice emittance measurements in both transverse directions. The experimental results open the path toward novel and more extensive beam characterization in the direction of multi-dimensional-beam-phase-space reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Marchetti
- grid.7683.a0000 0004 0492 0453Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, 22607 Hamburg, Germany ,grid.434729.f0000 0004 0590 2900Present Address: European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - A. Grudiev
- grid.9132.90000 0001 2156 142XCERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - P. Craievich
- grid.5991.40000 0001 1090 7501PSI, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - R. Assmann
- grid.7683.a0000 0004 0492 0453Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - H.-H. Braun
- grid.5991.40000 0001 1090 7501PSI, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | | | - F. Christie
- grid.7683.a0000 0004 0492 0453Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - R. D’Arcy
- grid.7683.a0000 0004 0492 0453Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - R. Fortunati
- grid.5991.40000 0001 1090 7501PSI, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - R. Ganter
- grid.5991.40000 0001 1090 7501PSI, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - P. González Caminal
- grid.7683.a0000 0004 0492 0453Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M. Hoffmann
- grid.7683.a0000 0004 0492 0453Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M. Huening
- grid.7683.a0000 0004 0492 0453Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - S. M. Jaster-Merz
- grid.7683.a0000 0004 0492 0453Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - R. Jonas
- grid.7683.a0000 0004 0492 0453Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - F. Marcellini
- grid.5991.40000 0001 1090 7501PSI, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - D. Marx
- grid.7683.a0000 0004 0492 0453Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, 22607 Hamburg, Germany ,grid.202665.50000 0001 2188 4229Present Address: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000 USA
| | - G. McMonagle
- grid.9132.90000 0001 2156 142XCERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - J. Osterhoff
- grid.7683.a0000 0004 0492 0453Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M. Pedrozzi
- grid.5991.40000 0001 1090 7501PSI, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - E. Prat Costa
- grid.5991.40000 0001 1090 7501PSI, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - S. Reiche
- grid.5991.40000 0001 1090 7501PSI, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - M. Reukauff
- grid.7683.a0000 0004 0492 0453Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - S. Schreiber
- grid.7683.a0000 0004 0492 0453Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - G. Tews
- grid.7683.a0000 0004 0492 0453Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M. Vogt
- grid.7683.a0000 0004 0492 0453Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - S. Wesch
- grid.7683.a0000 0004 0492 0453Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - W. Wuensch
- grid.9132.90000 0001 2156 142XCERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
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Colombo RM, Garavello M, Marcellini F, Rossi E. An age and space structured SIR model describing the Covid-19 pandemic. J Math Ind 2020; 10:22. [PMID: 32834920 PMCID: PMC7414273 DOI: 10.1186/s13362-020-00090-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We present an epidemic model capable of describing key features of the Covid-19 pandemic. While capturing several qualitative properties of the virus spreading, it allows to compute the basic reproduction number, the number of deaths due to the virus and various other statistics. Numerical integrations are used to illustrate the adherence of the evolutions described by the model to specific well known real features of the present pandemic. In particular, this model is consistent with the well known relevance of quarantine, shows the dramatic role of care houses and accounts for the increase in the death toll when spatial movements are not constrained. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL The online version of this article (10.1186/s13362-020-00090-4) contains supplementary material.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mauro Garavello
- Dept. of Mathematics and its Applications, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, Milan, 20125 Italy
| | | | - Elena Rossi
- Dept. of Mathematics and its Applications, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via R. Cozzi 55, Milan, 20125 Italy
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Marcellini F. The Riemann problem for a Two-Phase model for road traffic with fixed or moving constraints. Math Biosci Eng 2019; 17:1218-1232. [PMID: 32233576 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2020062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We define two Riemann solvers for the Two-Phase traffic model proposed in [1], given by a system of two conservation laws with Lipschitz continuous flow, under fixed and moving constraints. From the traffic point of view this situation corresponds to the study of vehicular flow with fixed constraints as, for instance, a traffic light, a toll gate or a construction site. On the other hand, the presence of a slow moving large vehicle, like a bus, corresponds to the case of a moving constraint. In the latter case, we have to consider a mixed system where the conservation laws are coupled with an ordinary differential equation describing the trajectory of the large vehicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Marcellini
- INdAM Unit, Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze 38, I-25123, Brescia, Italy
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Corinaldesi C, Marcellini F, Nepote E, Damiani E, Danovaro R. Impact of inorganic UV filters contained in sunscreen products on tropical stony corals (Acropora spp.). Sci Total Environ 2018; 637-638:1279-1285. [PMID: 29801220 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Most coral reefs worldwide are threatened by natural and anthropogenic impacts. Among them, the release in seawater of sunscreen products commonly used by tourists to protect their skin against the harmful effects of UV radiations, can affect tropical corals causing extensive and rapid bleaching. The use of inorganic (mineral) filters, such as zinc and titanium dioxide (ZnO and TiO2) is increasing due to their broad UV protection spectrum and their limited penetration into the skin. In the present study, we evaluated through laboratory experiments, the impact on the corals Acropora spp. of uncoated ZnO nanoparticles and two modified forms of TiO2 (Eusolex®T2000 and Optisol™), largely utilized in commercial sunscreens together with organic filters. Our results demonstrate that uncoated ZnO induces a severe and fast coral bleaching due to the alteration of the symbiosis between coral and zooxanthellae. ZnO also directly affects symbiotic dinoflagellates and stimulates microbial enrichment in the seawater surrounding the corals. Conversely, Eusolex® T2000 and Optisol™ caused minimal alterations in the symbiotic interactions and did not cause bleaching, resulting more eco-compatible than ZnO. Due to the vulnerability of coral reefs to anthropogenic impacts and global change, our findings underline the need to accurately evaluate the effect of commercial filters on stony corals to minimize or avoid this additional source of impact to the life and resilience ability of coral reefs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Corinaldesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Ingegneria della Materia, dell'Ambiente ed Urbanistica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, Italy.
| | | | - Ettore Nepote
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Damiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Roberto Danovaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, Italy
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8
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Corinaldesi C, Damiani E, Marcellini F, Falugi C, Tiano L, Brugè F, Danovaro R. Sunscreen products impair the early developmental stages of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7815. [PMID: 28798318 PMCID: PMC5552690 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08013-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine ecosystems are increasingly threatened by the release of personal care products. Among them, sunscreens are causing concern either for the effects on skin protection from UV radiation and for the potential impacts on marine life. Here, we assessed the UVA protective efficacy of three sunscreens on human dermal fibroblasts, including two common products in Europe and USA, and an eco-friendly product. The sunscreens' effects were also tested on Paracentrotus lividus, a marine species possibly threatened by these contaminants. We found that all tested sunscreens had similar efficacy in protecting human fibroblasts from UVA radiation. Conversely, the sunscreens' effects on embryo-larval development of P. lividus were dependent on the product tested. In particular, the USA sunscreen, containing benzophenone-3, homosalate and preservatives, caused the strongest impact on the sea urchin development, whereas the eco-friendly sunscreen determined the weakest effects. These results suggest that although the tested products protected human skin cells from UVA-induced damage, they might severely affect the success of recruitment and survival of the sea urchin. Our findings underline the importance of developing eco-friendly sunscreens for minimising or avoiding the impact on marine life while protecting human skin from UV damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Corinaldesi
- Department of Sciences and Engineering of Materials, Environment and Urbanistics, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Damiani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesca Marcellini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, Italy
- Ecoreach Ltd., Corso Stamira 61, 60121, Ancona, Italy
| | - Carla Falugi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Luca Tiano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesca Brugè
- Department of Clinical, Specialistic and Odontostomatological Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Roberto Danovaro
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, Italy
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyse dietary habits and explore the role of socioeconomic status in a sample of elderly Italians. STUDY DESIGN Observational. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING 306 elderly subjects aged 65 and over living in the Marche Region (Italy). MEASUREMENTS Assessment of dietary habits and life-style characteristics using a "Life-style questionnaire". Nutritional data collected by means of a 53-item "Frequency food questionnaire". RESULTS The study revealed differences in dietary patterns and food consumption. Age was negatively related to all food categories. Some socio-economic characteristics (level of education and economic status) were correlated with consumption of many foods, such ad Fish, Red Meat and Diary products. Between-the-sexes differences were also documented. CONCLUSION Our findings showed that the nutritional and dietary habits varied greatly within the sample investigated. The mapping of these dietary and nutritional patterns may be of value for future research in elderly populations, particularly those with low educational status and poor economic means. Conclusively, greater promotion of healthy dietary habits should be targeted towards elderly populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Giuli
- INRCA (Italian National Institute on Aging), Geriatrics Operative Unit, Contrada Mossa, Fermo, Italy.
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Aminian K, Mariani B, Paraschiv-Ionescu A, Hoskovec C, Bula C, Penders J, Tacconi C, Marcellini F. Foot worn inertial sensors for gait assessment and rehabilitation based on motorized shoes. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2012; 2011:5820-3. [PMID: 22255663 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2011.6091440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Fall prevention in elderly subjects is often based on training and rehabilitation programs that include mostly traditional balance and strength exercises. By applying such conventional interventions to improve gait performance and decrease fall risk, some important factors are neglected such as the dynamics of the gait and the motor learning processes. The EU project "Self Mobility Improvement in the eLderly by counteractING falls" (SMILING project) aimed to improve age-related gait and balance performance by using unpredicted external perturbations during walking through motorized shoes that change insole inclination at each stance. This paper describes the shoe-worn inertial module and the gait analysis method needed to control in real-time the shoe insole inclination during training, as well as gait spatio-temporal parameters obtained during long distance walking before and after the 8-week training program that assessed the efficacy of training with these motorized shoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Aminian
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzeralnd. aminian@ epfl.ch
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Marcellini F, Giuli C, Papa R, Gagliardi C, Malavolta M, Mocchegiani E. BMI, life-style and psychological conditions in a sample of elderly Italian men and women. J Nutr Health Aging 2010; 14:515-22. [PMID: 20818464 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-010-0098-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify the relationship among cognitive status, psychological conditions, anthropometric measurements and life-style in a sample of elderly Italian men and women. METHODS Three hundred and six volunteers for ZINCAGE Project recruited. The sample was made up of healthy older adults living in the Marche Region aged 65 and over. All elderly were given a complete medical, anthropometric assessment, and psycho-social evaluation. RESULTS Overall, the participants perceived themselves to be in very good or good (22%) or fair (69%) health; only 9% reported a poor health status. The 46% of the sample fell within the normal body mass index (BMI) range, though 38% were overweight, 12% were obese, and only 4% were underweight. In both sexes, BMI significantly decreased with age (p<0.001). BMI was positively associated with performing sedentary activities (r=0.188; p<0.001). Levels of both sedentary (r=0.221; p<0.001) and non-sedentary (r=0.258; p<0.001) leisure activities were positively associated with education level (p<0.05). It was found that lower scores of physical activity were associated to higher scores of Geriatric Depression Scale (r=-0.425; p<0.01), lower scores of Mini Mental State Examination (r=0.266; p<0.001) and higher score of Perceived Stress Scale (r=-0.131; p<0.05). CONCLUSION Men and women lead different lifestyles and have a different psychological status, with advancing age consequently stressing the need for healthy lifestyle programmes particularly in the case of overweight and obese elderly people.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Marcellini
- INRCA, Scientific-Technological Area, Center of psycho-social aspects of aging, Ancona, Italy.
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Zobov M, Alesini D, Biagini ME, Biscari C, Bocci A, Boni R, Boscolo M, Bossi F, Buonomo B, Clozza A, Delle Monache GO, Demma T, Di Pasquale E, Di Pirro G, Drago A, Gallo A, Ghigo A, Guiducci S, Ligi C, Marcellini F, Mazzitelli G, Milardi C, Murtas F, Pellegrino L, Preger MA, Quintieri L, Raimondi P, Ricci R, Rotundo U, Sanelli C, Serio M, Sgamma F, Spataro B, Stecchi A, Stella A, Tomassini S, Vaccarezza C, Schioppa M, Esposito M, Branchini P, Iacoangeli F, Valente P, Levichev E, Piminov P, Shatilov D, Smaluk V, Arnaud N, Breton D, Burmistrov L, Stocchi A, Variola A, Viaud BF, Bettoni S, Ohmi K, Teytelman D. Test of "crab-waist" collisions at the DAPhiNE Phi factory. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 104:174801. [PMID: 20482112 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.174801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The electron-positron collider DAPhiNE, the Italian Phi factory, has been recently upgraded in order to implement an innovative collision scheme based on large crossing angle, small beam sizes at the crossing point, and compensation of beam-beam interaction by means of sextupole pairs creating a "crab-waist" configuration in the interaction region. Experimental tests of the novel scheme exhibited an increase by a factor of 3 in the peak luminosity of the collider with respect to the performances reached before the upgrade. In this Letter we present the new collision scheme, discuss its advantages, describe the hardware modifications realized for the upgrade, and report the results of the experimental tests carried out during commissioning of the machine in the new configuration and standard operation for the users.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zobov
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, via Enrico Fermi 40, 00044 Frascati, RM, Italy
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Marcellini F, Giuli C, Papa R, Tirabassi G, Faloia E, Boscaro M, Polito A, Ciarapica D, Zaccaria M, Mocchegiani E. OBESITY AND BODY MASS INDEX (BMI) IN RELATION TO LIFE-STYLE AND PSYCHO-SOCIAL ASPECTS. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2009; 49 Suppl 1:195-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2009.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Marcellini F, Giuli C, Papa R, Gagliardi C, Malavolta M, Mocchegiani E. Psychosocial and biochemical interactions in aging: preliminary results from an Italian old sample of "Zincage" project. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2007; 44 Suppl 1:259-69. [PMID: 17317461 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2007.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The study of the interactions among biological factors and psychosocial conditions is a very innovative field, because data are lacking in the scientific literature. Among biological aspects, zinc is an essential element in the elderly, especially in relation to one of the proteins, such as albumin, involved in zinc transport into the cells. In this study, the aim is the assessment of the interrelationship between albumin value (used as an index of the body zinc status) and some psychosocial dimensions in elderly Italian sample recruited for ZINCAGE project, supported by the European Commission in the "Sixth Framework Programme". Some tests and questionnaires were administered to older people included in the trial: the "life-style questionnaire"; the mini mental state examination (MMSE); the geriatric depression scale (GDS-15 items). On the basis of the Senieur Protocol for gerontological studies, a sample of 291 Italian healthy old subjects has been recruited in Central Italy and divided into 3 age groups: (a) 125 subjects aged from 65 to 74 years, (b) 89 subjects aged from 75 to 84 years, (c) 77 subjects aged >or=85 years (classified like successful old people). No cognitive impairment assessed by MMSE was observed in 67.5% of the sample; 64.0% had GDS score less than 5, indicating no depression, whereas the prevalence of biological albumin deficiency (<3.5 g/dl) found in Italian old people was 21.0%. Sixty one percent of subjects with albumin deficiency displayed higher values of GDS (>or=5). These preliminary results showed an interrelationship among serum albumin value and psychosocial aspects in Italian old population, suggesting that low albumin values may be involved in impaired psychological dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Marcellini
- Social Gerontology Unit, Research Department, INRCA, Via S. Margherita, 5. I-60100 Ancona, Italy
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Tacken M, Marcellini F, Mollenkopf H, Ruoppila I, Széman Z. Use and acceptance of new technology by older people. Findings of the international MOBILATE survey: ‘Enhancing mobility in later life’. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.4017/gt.2005.03.03.002.00] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Mollenkopf H, Marcellini F, Ruoppila I, Széman Z, Tacken M, Kaspar R, Wahl H. The Role of Driving in Maintaining Mobility in Later Life: A European View. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.4017/gt.2002.01.04.003.00] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Marcellini F, Mollenkopf H, Spazzafumo L, Ruoppila I. Acceptance and use of technological solutions by the elderly in the outdoor environment: findings from a European survey. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2000; 33:169-77. [PMID: 10923368 DOI: 10.1007/s003910070057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This article examines the use and acceptance of ticket machines, automatic teller machines (ATMs) and telephone cards by the elderly in four European regions. The analyses are based on data from an international project entitled "Keeping the Elderly Mobile", collected in Mannheim (former West Germany; N = 404 home-dwelling respondents), Chemnitz (former East Germany; N = 400), Ancona (Italy; N = 600), and Jyväskylä (Finland; N = 618). The random sample was stratified by age and gender in each country. Two generations of men and women (aged 55-74 and 75+ years, respectively) participated in the study. Results show that respondents generally made little use of the three technologies under investigation: in fact, the majority of respondents does not use them at all. The most frequently used devices were ATMs in Chemnitz and ticket machines and telephone cards in Mannheim. On the basis of logistic regression analysis, age was the most important explanatory factor for the three technologies and for all four regions, i.e., the users were mostly the "young-old." Education was a more important variable than gender. In all four regions, the majority of the respondents who used the technologies assessed felt that each of them made life easier; nevertheless, ticket machines make life more difficult to almost every third user in Mannheim. Interesting differences and similarities among the towns were also found. The present study exhibits preliminary results regarding elderly and technology which future research should investigate in greater depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Marcellini
- Deutsches Zentrum für Alternsforschung, Universität Heidelberg.
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Marcellini F, Gagliardi C, Spazzafumo L, Mollenkopf H, Ruoppila I. Diffusion and acceptance of technological solutions among the elderly in three European countries. Stud Health Technol Inform 1997; 48:462-4. [PMID: 10186573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Flaschenträger P, Spazzafumo L, Marcellini F, Mollenkopf H, Ruoppila I. The perception of traffic conditions by elderly people. A comparative study in three European countries. Stud Health Technol Inform 1997; 48:212-6. [PMID: 10186513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Flaschenträger
- Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung (Social Science Research Center Berlin)-WZB, Germany
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Mollenkopf H, Marcellini F, Ruoppila I. The outdoor mobility of elderly people--a comparative study in three European countries. Stud Health Technol Inform 1997; 48:204-11. [PMID: 10186512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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Mollenkopf H, Marcellini F, Ruoppila I, Flaschenträger P, Gagliardi C, Spazzafumo L. Outdoor mobility and social relationships of elderly people. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 1997; 24:295-310. [PMID: 15374117 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4943(97)00781-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/08/1996] [Accepted: 12/11/1996] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Social relationships and activities are important elements in the quality of life of older people. With advancing age, they are made more difficult through the possible loss of physical functions, through societal processes of differentiation, and through unfavourable environmental and technological conditions. Therefore, mobility becomes a fundamental prerequisite for the participation in social relations and activities. This article presents some initial findings of a project which investigates the mobility needs of the elderly and the main factors hindering their desired mobility in three European countries. It became apparent that there is a clear connection between the social situation of elderly persons and specific mobility patterns: if they are tied into a closely meshed network of family or friends, then they are away from home more frequently than when this is not the case. In addition, individual factors like the age, the health situation and the driving ability of a person are important influences. External factors which restrict the mobility can be found in the respective spatial or technical conditions, on the one hand, and in affecting social interactions in the public sphere on the other hand.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mollenkopf
- Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung (Social Science Research Center Berlin), WZB, Reichpietschufer 50, D-10785 Berlin, Germany.
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