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Cristelo C, Sá AF, Lúcio M, Sarmento B, Gama FM. Vitamin D loaded into lipid nanoparticles shows insulinotropic effect in INS-1E cells. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 196:106758. [PMID: 38570054 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests a beneficial role of vitamin D (VitD) supplementation in addressing the widespread VitD deficiency, but currently used VitD3 formulations present low bioavailability and toxicity constrains. Hence, poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs), solid-lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) were investigated to circumvent these issues. PLGA NPs prepared by emulsification or nanoprecipitation presented 74 or 200 nm, and association efficiency (AE) of 68 % and 17 %, respectively, and a rapid burst release of VitD3. Both SLN and NLCs presented higher polydispersity and larger NPs size, around 500 nm, which could be reduced to around 200 nm by use of hot high-pressure homogenization in the case of NLCs. VitD3 was efficiently loaded in both SLNs and NLCs with an AE of 82 and 99 %, respectively. While SLNs showed burst release, NLCs allowed a sustained release of VitD3 for nearly one month. Furthermore, NLCs showed high stability with maintenance of VitD3 loading for up to one month at 4 °C and no cytotoxic effects on INS-1E cells up to 72 h. A trending increase (around 30 %) on glucose-dependent insulin secretion was observed by INS-1E cells pre-treated with VitD3. This effect was consistently observed in the free form and after loading on NLCs. Overall, this work contributed to further elucidation on a suitable delivery system for VitD3 and on the effects of this metabolite on β cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecília Cristelo
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal; ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Filipa Sá
- Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Marlene Lúcio
- CF-UM-UP, Centro de Física das Universidades do Minho e Porto, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal; CBMA, Centro de Biologia Molecular e Ambiental, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; IUCS-CESPU, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Miguel Gama
- Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal.
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2
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Cristelo C, Nunes R, Pinto S, Marques JM, Gama FM, Sarmento B. Targeting β Cells with Cathelicidin Nanomedicines Improves Insulin Function and Pancreas Regeneration in Type 1 Diabetic Rats. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:1544-1560. [PMID: 37854630 PMCID: PMC10580391 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an incurable condition with an increasing incidence worldwide, in which the hallmark is the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic insulin-producing β cells. Cathelicidin-based peptides have been shown to improve β cell function and neogenesis and may thus be relevant while developing T1D therapeutics. In this work, a cathelicidin-derived peptide, LLKKK18, was loaded in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs), surface-functionalized with exenatide toward a GLP-1 receptor, aiming the β cell-targeted delivery of the peptide. The NPs present a mean size of around 100 nm and showed long-term stability, narrow size distribution, and negative ζ-potential (-10 mV). The LLKKK18 association efficiency and loading were 62 and 2.9%, respectively, presenting slow and sustained in vitro release under simulated physiologic fluids. Glucose-stimulated insulin release in the INS-1E cell line was observed in the presence of the peptide. In addition, NPs showed a strong association with β cells from isolated rat islets. After administration to diabetic rats, NPs induced a significant reduction of the hyperglycemic state, an improvement in the pancreatic insulin content, and glucose tolerance. Also remarkable, a considerable increase in the β cell mass in the pancreas was observed. Overall, this novel and versatile nanomedicine showed glucoregulatory ability and can pave the way for the development of a new generation of therapeutic approaches for T1D treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecília Cristelo
- i3S
− Instituto de Investigação e Inovação
em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- Centro
de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade
do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
- ICBAS
− Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4050-313, Portugal
| | - Rute Nunes
- i3S
− Instituto de Investigação e Inovação
em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- IUCS-CESPU, Instituto
Universitário de Ciências
da Saúde, Gandra 4585-116, Portugal
| | - Soraia Pinto
- i3S
− Instituto de Investigação e Inovação
em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- ICBAS
− Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4050-313, Portugal
| | - Joana Moreira Marques
- i3S
− Instituto de Investigação e Inovação
em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- Faculdade
de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4099-002, Portugal
| | - Francisco Miguel Gama
- Centro
de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade
do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- i3S
− Instituto de Investigação e Inovação
em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- IUCS-CESPU, Instituto
Universitário de Ciências
da Saúde, Gandra 4585-116, Portugal
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Mirmoeini SS, Moradi M, Tajik H, Almasi H, Gama FM. Cellulose/Salep-based intelligent aerogel with red grape anthocyanins: Preparation, characterization and application in beef packaging. Food Chem 2023; 425:136493. [PMID: 37285628 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to prepare a porous intelligent aerogel for food packaging applications, in particular for monitoring minced beef freshness, using cellulose extracted from grape stalk, Salep as a copolymer, and red grape anthocyanins as a pH-sensitive pigment. Aerogels based on cellulose 1% (w/v) and Salep 1% (w/v) at ratios of 1:3, 3:1, and 1:1 were prepared by lyophilization. Aerogel with high porosity, low density, and higher mean pore size was chosen for preparing intelligent colorimetric aerogel (ICA) with the addition of 0.44 mg/100 mL of anthocyanins. Based on the color parameters, the stability of ICA was satisfactory when exposed to both light and dark conditions, as well as when stored at either 4 or 25 °C. Additionally, X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analyses indicated that an amorphous aerogel was formed, with a thermal decomposition temperature of 320 °C. The color of the ICA changed from purple on the first and 3rd days of packaging to blue-gray on the 6th day. As the spoilage process continued, the color of the indicator became dark brown. Taken together, ICA showed a quick response to minced beef spoilage with the ability to differentiate between fresh and spoiled meat during storage at 4 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Sahar Mirmoeini
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, 1177 Urmia, Iran
| | - Mehran Moradi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, 1177 Urmia, Iran.
| | - Hossein Tajik
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, 1177 Urmia, Iran.
| | - Hadi Almasi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, 1177 Urmia, Iran.
| | - Francisco Miguel Gama
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
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Nascimento ES, Barros MO, Cerqueira MA, Lima HL, Borges MDF, Pastrana LM, Gama FM, Rosa MF, Azeredo HM, Gonçalves C. All-cellulose nanocomposite films based on bacterial cellulose nanofibrils and nanocrystals. Food Packag Shelf Life 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2021.100715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Silva MD, Paris JL, Gama FM, Silva BFB, Sillankorva S. Sustained Release of a Streptococcus pneumoniae Endolysin from Liposomes for Potential Otitis Media Treatment. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:2127-2137. [PMID: 34167300 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Local delivery of antimicrobials for otitis media treatment would maximize therapeutic efficacy while minimizing side effects. However, drug transport across the tympanic membrane in the absence of a delivery system is challenging. In this study, the MSlys endolysin was encapsulated in deformable liposomes for a targeted treatment of S. pneumoniae, one of the most important causative agents of otitis media. MSlys was successfully encapsulated in liposomes composed of l-alpha-lecithin and sodium cholate (5:1) or l-alpha-lecithin and PEG2000 PE (10:1), with encapsulation efficiencies of about 35%. The PEGylated and sodium cholate liposomes showed, respectively, mean hydrodynamic diameters of 85 and 115 nm and polydispersity indices of 0.32 and 0.42, both being stable after storage at 4 °C for at least one year. Both liposomal formulations showed a sustained release of MSlys over 7 days. Cytotoxicity studies against fibroblast and keratinocyte cell lines revealed the biocompatible nature of both MSlys and MSlys-loaded liposomes. Additionally, the encapsulated MSlys showed prompt antipneumococcal activity against planktonic and biofilm S. pneumoniae, thus holding great potential for transtympanic treatment against S. pneumoniae otitis media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Daniela Silva
- CEB−Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- INL−International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Avenida Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Juan L. Paris
- INL−International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Avenida Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | | | - Bruno F. B. Silva
- INL−International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Avenida Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Sanna Sillankorva
- INL−International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Avenida Mestre José Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
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6
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Abstract
Type 1 diabetes has an increasingly greater incidence and prevalence with no cure available. Vitamin D supplementation is well documented to reduce the risk of developing type 1 diabetes. Being involved in the modulation of cathelicidin expression, the question whether cathelicidin may be one of the underlying cause arises. Cathelicidin has been implicated in both the development and the protection against type 1 diabetes by mediating the interplay between the gut microbiome, the immune system and β cell function. While its potential on type 1 diabetes treatment seems high, the understanding of its effects is still limited. This review aims to contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the potential of vitamin D and cathelicidin as adjuvants in type 1 diabetes therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecília Cristelo
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CEB – Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Machado
- CEB – Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde & Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Miguel Gama
- CEB – Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Correspondence should be addressed to F M Gama:
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7
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Pereira I, Fraga S, Maltez L, Requicha J, Guardão L, Oliveira J, Prada J, Alves H, Santos JD, Teixeira JP, Pereira JE, Soares R, Gama FM. In vivo systemic toxicity assessment of an oxidized dextrin-based hydrogel and its effectiveness as a carrier and stabilizer of granular synthetic bone substitutes. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 107:1678-1689. [PMID: 30920095 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The worldwide incidence of bone disorders is raising, mainly due to aging population. The lack of effective treatments is pushing the development of synthetic bone substitutes (SBSs). Most ceramic-based SBSs commercially available display limited handling properties. Attempting to solve these issues and achieve wider acceptance by the clinicians, granular ceramics have been associated with hydrogels (HGs) to produce injectable/moldable SBSs. Dextrin, a low-molecular-weight carbohydrate, was used to develop a fully resorbable and injectable HG. It was first oxidized with sodium periodate and then cross-linked with adipic acid dihydrazide. The in vivo biocompatibility and safety of the dextrin-based HG was assessed by subacute systemic toxicity and skin sensitization tests, using rodent models. The results showed that the HG did not induce any systemic toxic effect, skin reaction, or genotoxicity, neither impaired the bone repair/regeneration process. Then, the HG was successfully combined with granular bone substitute, registered as Bonelike (250-500 μm) to obtain a moldable/injectable SBS, which was implanted in tibial fractures in goats for 3 and 6 weeks. The obtained results showed that HG allowed the stabilization of the granules into the defect, ensuring effective handling, and molding properties of the formulation, as well as an efficient cohesion of the granules. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1678-1689, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Pereira
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Sónia Fraga
- Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, 4000-053, Porto, Portugal.,EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Maltez
- CECAV - Animal and Veterinary Research Centre, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal.,Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - João Requicha
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Luísa Guardão
- Animal House Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Oliveira
- Animal House Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Justina Prada
- CECAV - Animal and Veterinary Research Centre, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal.,Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Helena Alves
- Departamento de Promoção da Saúde e Prevenção de Doenças Não Transmissíveis, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, 4000-053, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Domingos Santos
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e Materiais, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, Porto, 4200-465, Portugal
| | - João Paulo Teixeira
- Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge, 4000-053, Porto, Portugal.,EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Eduardo Pereira
- CECAV - Animal and Veterinary Research Centre, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal.,Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Raquel Soares
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, 4200-319, Portugal
| | - Francisco Miguel Gama
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
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Silva DM, Caseiro AR, Amorim I, Pereira I, Faria F, Pereira T, Santos JD, Gama FM, Maurício AC. Inflammatory response to dextrin-based hydrogel associated with human mesenchymal stem cells, urinary bladder matrix and Bonelike ® granules in rat subcutaneous implants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 11:065004. [PMID: 27786165 DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/11/6/065004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Increasing relevance has been attributed to hydrogels due to their ability to provide an extracellular matrix (ECM)-like environment for cellular adhesion and proliferation, acting as mechanical scaffolds for tissue remodeling or as delivery matrices. In vivo biocompatibility of a hybrid dextrin hydrogel produced from oxidized dextrin and adipic acid dihydrazide and its combinations with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), ECM from a porcine bladder (urinary bladder matrix) and ceramic granules (Bonelike®), was evaluated following ISO 10993 after subcutaneous implantation in a rat model. Histological analysis after 3 and 15 d showed typical acute and chronic inflammatory responses, respectively, with a more severe reaction exhibited whenever the ceramic granules were present. However, the dextrin hydrogel was able to stabilize granules in the implant site. Dextrin hydrogel was scored as slight irritant after 3 d, similar to its combination with UBM, and as non-irritant after 15 d. The presence of viable hMSCs in the subcutaneous tissue could be confirmed by the presence of anti-human nuclei antibody (HuNu+) cells. The production of growth factors and inflammatory and immunomodulatory cytokines by these cells was also quantified in peripheral blood confirming the successful encapsulation of hMSCs into the hydrogel matrix for cell survival promotion. The presence of hMSCs seemed to modulate the inflammatory response by accelerating its progression when compared to the acellular experimental groups. Dextrin hydrogel has proven to be a biocompatible multifunctional matrix for minimally invasive biomedical procedures, including orthopedic surgeries when associated with bone substitutes and also as a possible encapsulation matrix for cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina M Silva
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho (UM), Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal. Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed
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9
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Pedrosa SS, Pereira P, Correia A, Moreira S, Rocha H, Gama FM. Biocompatibility of a Self-Assembled Crosslinkable Hyaluronic Acid Nanogel. Macromol Biosci 2016; 16:1610-1620. [PMID: 27456215 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201600221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid nanogel (HyA-AT) is a redox sensitive crosslinkable nanogel, obtained through the conjugation of a thiolated hydrophobic molecule to the hyaluronic acid chain. Engineered nanogel was studied for its biocompatibility, including immunocompatibility and hemocompatability. The nanogel did not compromise the metabolic activity or cellular membrane integrity of 3T3, microvascular endothelial cells, and RAW 264.7 cell lines, as determined by the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide and lactate dehydrogenase release assays. Also, we didn't observe any apoptotic effect on these cell lines through the Annexin V-FITC test. Furthermore, the nanogel cell internalization was analyzed using murine bone marrow derived macrophages, and the in vivo and ex vivo biodistribution of the Cy5.5 labeled nanogel was monitored using a non-invasive near-infrared fluorescence imaging system. The HyA-AT nanogel exhibits fairly a long half-live in the blood stream, thus showing potential for drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Santos Pedrosa
- Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, Braga, 4710-05, Portugal
| | - Paula Pereira
- Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, Braga, 4710-05, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Correia
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Rua Campo Alegre, Porto, 4099-003, Portugal
| | - Susana Moreira
- Centre of Biosciences, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Salgado Filho 3000 - Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, 59072940, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | - Hugo Rocha
- Centre of Biosciences, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Salgado Filho 3000 - Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, 59072940, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | - Francisco Miguel Gama
- Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, Braga, 4710-05, Portugal
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10
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Silva JP, Appelberg R, Gama FM. Antimicrobial peptides as novel anti-tuberculosis therapeutics. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:924-940. [PMID: 27235189 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), a disease caused by the human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, has recently joined HIV/AIDS as the world's deadliest infectious disease, affecting around 9.6 million people worldwide in 2014. Of those, about 1.2 million died from the disease. Resistance acquisition to existing antibiotics, with the subsequent emergence of Multi-Drug Resistant mycobacteria strains, together with an increasing economic burden, has urged the development of new anti-TB drugs. In this scope, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are small, cationic and amphipathic peptides that make part of the innate immune system, now arise as promising candidates for TB treatment. In this review, we analyze the potential of AMPs for this application. We address the mechanisms of action, advantages and disadvantages over conventional antibiotics and how problems associated with its use may be overcome to boost their therapeutic potential. Additionally, we address the challenges of translational development from benchside to bedside, evaluate the current development pipeline and analyze the expected global impact from a socio-economic standpoint. The quest for more efficient and more compliant anti-TB drugs, associated with the great therapeutic potential of emerging AMPs and the rising peptide market, provide an optimal environment for the emergence of AMPs as promising therapies. Still, their pharmacological properties need to be enhanced and manufacturing-associated issues need to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- João P Silva
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal.
| | - Rui Appelberg
- Department of Immunophysiology, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisco Miguel Gama
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga 4710-057, Portugal.
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11
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Abstract
An expeditious and accurate simplification of Stone and Scallan's solute exclusion technique was developed, thereby avoiding several sources of experimental error coupled with the determination of cellulose pore volume. Using this method, it is shown that cellulolytic enzymes do not enter into the micropores of five studied celluloses. These results suggestes that hydrolysis occurs initially at the external surface of the fibers. This surface area was calculated with the help of adsorption isotherms of bovine serum albumin. The obtained values for the different samples agree with the microscopically observed cellulose morphology. The correlation obtained by several authors relating cellulose porosity and its digestibility is explained as a consequence of the lower crystallinity and easier fragmentation of the more porous celluloses during hydrolysis. (c) 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Gama
- Departmento de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, Largo do Paço, 4719 Braga Codex, Portugal
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12
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Dantas-Santos N, Almeida-Lima J, Vidal AAJ, Gomes DL, Oliveira RM, Santos Pedrosa S, Pereira P, Gama FM, Oliveira Rocha HA. Antiproliferative activity of fucan nanogel. Mar Drugs 2012; 10:2002-2022. [PMID: 23118717 PMCID: PMC3475269 DOI: 10.3390/md10092002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2012] [Revised: 09/08/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfated fucans comprise families of polydisperse natural polysaccharides based on sulfated L-fucose. Our aim was to investigate whether fucan nanogel induces cell-specific responses. To that end, a non toxic fucan extracted from Spatoglossum schröederi was chemically modified by grafting hexadecylamine to the polymer hydrophilic backbone. The resulting modified material (SNFuc) formed nanosized particles. The degree of substitution with hydrophobic chains was close to 100%, as estimated by elemental analysis. SNFfuc in aqueous media had a mean diameter of 123 nm and zeta potential of -38.3 ± 0.74 mV, as measured by dynamic light scattering. Nanoparticles conserved their size for up to 70 days. SNFuc cytotoxicity was determined using the MTT assay after culturing different cell lines for 24 h. Tumor-cell (HepG2, 786, H-S5) proliferation was inhibited by 2.0%-43.7% at nanogel concentrations of 0.05-0.5 mg/mL and rabbit aorta endothelial cells (RAEC) non-tumor cell line proliferation displayed inhibition of 8.0%-22.0%. On the other hand, nanogel improved Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) and monocyte macrophage cell (RAW) non-tumor cell line proliferation in the same concentration range. The antiproliferative effect against tumor cells was also confirmed using the BrdU test. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the fucan nanogel inhibited 786 cell proliferation through caspase and caspase-independent mechanisms. In addition, SNFuc blocks 786 cell passages in the S and G2-M phases of the cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nednaldo Dantas-Santos
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Departament of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal-RN 59078-970, Brazil; (N.D.-S.); (J.A.-L.); (A.A.J.V.); (D.L.G.); (R.M.O.)
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal-RN 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Jailma Almeida-Lima
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Departament of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal-RN 59078-970, Brazil; (N.D.-S.); (J.A.-L.); (A.A.J.V.); (D.L.G.); (R.M.O.)
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal-RN 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Arthur Anthunes Jacome Vidal
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Departament of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal-RN 59078-970, Brazil; (N.D.-S.); (J.A.-L.); (A.A.J.V.); (D.L.G.); (R.M.O.)
| | - Dayanne Lopes Gomes
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Departament of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal-RN 59078-970, Brazil; (N.D.-S.); (J.A.-L.); (A.A.J.V.); (D.L.G.); (R.M.O.)
| | - Ruth Medeiros Oliveira
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Departament of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal-RN 59078-970, Brazil; (N.D.-S.); (J.A.-L.); (A.A.J.V.); (D.L.G.); (R.M.O.)
| | - Silvia Santos Pedrosa
- IBB—Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre for Biological Engineering, Minho University, Braga 4704-553, Portugal; (S.S.P.); (P.P.); (F.M.G.)
| | - Paula Pereira
- IBB—Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre for Biological Engineering, Minho University, Braga 4704-553, Portugal; (S.S.P.); (P.P.); (F.M.G.)
| | - Francisco Miguel Gama
- IBB—Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre for Biological Engineering, Minho University, Braga 4704-553, Portugal; (S.S.P.); (P.P.); (F.M.G.)
| | - Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Departament of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal-RN 59078-970, Brazil; (N.D.-S.); (J.A.-L.); (A.A.J.V.); (D.L.G.); (R.M.O.)
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal-RN 59078-970, Brazil
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +55-84-3215-3416 (ext. 207); Fax: +55-84-3211-9208
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Gonçalves C, Ferreira MFM, Santos AC, Prata MIM, Geraldes CFGC, Martins JA, Gama FM. Studies on the biodistribution of dextrin nanoparticles. Nanotechnology 2010; 21:295103. [PMID: 20601764 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/29/295103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The characterization of biodistribution is a central requirement in the development of biomedical applications based on the use of nanoparticles, in particular for controlled drug delivery. The blood circulation time, organ biodistribution and rate of excretion must be well characterized in the process of product development. In this work, the biodistribution of recently developed self-assembled dextrin nanoparticles is addressed. Functionalization of the dextrin nanoparticles with a DOTA-monoamide-type metal chelator, via click chemistry, is described. The metal chelator functionalized nanoparticles were labelled with a gamma-emitting (153)Sm(3+) radioisotope and the blood clearance rate and organ biodistribution of the nanoparticles were obtained. The effect of PEG surface coating on the blood clearance rate and organ biodistribution of the nanoparticles was also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gonçalves
- IBB-Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre for Biological Engineering, Minho University, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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Moreira S, Silva NB, Almeida-Lima J, Rocha HAO, Medeiros SRB, Alves C, Gama FM. BC nanofibres: In vitro study of genotoxicity and cell proliferation. Toxicol Lett 2009; 189:235-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.06.849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2009] [Revised: 05/31/2009] [Accepted: 06/04/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
Enzymatic versus chemical deinking is examined for MOW and photocopy prints. Several enzymatic preparations and two fibre/ink particle separation methods are tested. Deinking was monitored by image analysis and standard pulp and paper characterisation procedures. The effectiveness of the fibre/ink particle separation method depends on the ink particle's size: for smaller particles a washing step is recommended whereas for larger particles, the use of flotation is necessary. The enzymatic treatment is a competitive alternative for MOW and photocopy paper deinking. However, the process requires the selection of an adequate enzymatic preparation for each paper grade.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Pala
- Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, Largo do Paço, 4719 Braga codex, Portugal
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Marques S, Pala H, Alves L, Amaral-Collaço MT, Gama FM, Gírio FM. Characterisation and application of glycanases secreted by Aspergillus terreus CCMI 498 and Trichoderma viride CCMI 84 for enzymatic deinking of mixed office wastepaper. J Biotechnol 2003; 100:209-19. [PMID: 12443852 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1656(02)00247-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Two enzymatic extracts obtained from xylan-grown Aspergillus terreus CCMI 498 and cellulose-grown Trichoderma viride CCMI 84 were characterised for different glycanase activities. Both strains produce extracellular endoxylanase and endoglucanase enzymes. The enzymes optimal activity was found in the temperature range of 45-60 degrees C. Endoglucanase systems show identical activity profiles towards temperature, regardless of the strain and inducing substrate. Conversely, the endoxylanases produced by both strains showed maximal activity at different pH values (from 4.5 to 5.5), being the more acidic xylanase produced by T. viride grown on cellulose. The endoglucanase activities have an optimum pH at 4.5-5.0. The endoxylanase and endoglucanase activities exhibited high stability at 50 degrees C and pH 5.0. Mannanase, beta-xylosidase, and amylase activities were also found, being the first two activities only present for T. viride extract. These two enzymatic extracts were used for mixed office wastepaper (MOW) deinking. When the enzymatic extract from T. viride was used, a further increase of 24% in ink removal was obtained by comparison with the control. Both enzymes contributed to the improvement of the paper strength properties and the obtained results clearly indicate that the effective use of enzymes for deinking can also contribute to the pulp and paper properties improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Marques
- Unidade de Fisiologia Microbiana e Bioprocessos, Departamento de Biotecnologia, INETI, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038 Lisbon, Portugal
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Abstract
A cellulase from Trichoderma reesei was immobilized on Eudragit L-100, a reversibly soluble polymer depending on the pH of the medium. The solubility of the modified cellulase was studied at different pH values. By changing the pH, the adsorption equilibrium of the derivatized proteins is switched towards the liquid phase, thus making recycling possible. This method allows for improved stability, without major loss of specific activity. The adsorption of cellulase on Eudragit lowers the enthalpy of denaturation, but affects only slightly the denaturation temperature. The use of carbodiimide was ineffective on linking the enzymes covalently to the polymer, since the immobilization process was found to be only mediated by non-covalent forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Dourado
- Centro de Engenharia Biológica-IBQF, Largo do Paço, Universidade do Minho, 4719 Braga, Portugal
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Santamaría RI, Reyes-Duarte MD, Bárzana E, Fernando D, Gama FM, Mota M, López-Munguía A. Selective enzyme-mediated extraction of capsaicinoids and caratenoids from chili guajillo puya (Capsicum annum L.) using ethanol as solvent. J Agric Food Chem 2000; 48:3063-3067. [PMID: 11032487 DOI: 10.1021/jf991242p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The selective extraction of capsaicinoids and carotenoids from chili guajillo "puya" flour was studied. When ethanol was used as solvent, 80% of capsaicinoids and 73% of carotenoids were extracted, representing an interesting alternative for the substitution of hexane in industrial processes. Additionally, when the flour was pretreated with enzymes that break the cell wall and then dried, extraction in ethanol increased to 11 and 7% for carotenoid and capsaicinoid, respectively. A selective two-stage extraction process after the treatment with enzymes is proposed. The first step uses 30% (v/v) ethanol and releases up to 60% of the initial capsaicinoids, and the second extraction step with industrial ethanol permits the recovery of 83% of carotenoids present in the flour.
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Affiliation(s)
- R I Santamaría
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, UNAM, Apartado Postal 510-3, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62271, Mexico
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