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Czech K, Gaweł-Bęben K, Szopa A, Kukula-Koch W, Jakschitz T, Bonn G, Hussain S, Kubica P, Ekiert H, Głowniak K. Phytochemical Profiling, Antioxidant and Tyrosinase Regulatory Activities of Extracts from Herb, Leaf and In Vitro Culture of Achillea millefolium (Yarrow). Molecules 2023; 28:4791. [PMID: 37375348 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Achillea millefolium L. is one of the most known medicinal plants with a broad spectrum of applications in the treatment of inflammation, pain, microbial infections and gastrointestinal disorders. In recent years, the extracts from A. millefolium have also been applied in cosmetics with cleansing, moisturizing, shooting, conditioning and skin-lightening properties. The growing demand for naturally derived active substances, worsening environmental pollution and excessive use of natural resources are causing increased interest in the development of alternative methods for the production of plant-based ingredients. In vitro plant cultures are an eco-friendly tool for continuous production of desired plant metabolites, with increasing applicability in cosmetics and dietary supplements. The purpose of the study was to compare phytochemical composition and antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory properties of aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts from A. millefolium obtained from field conditions (AmL and AmH extracts) and in vitro cultures (AmIV extracts). In vitro microshoot cultures of A. millefolium were obtained directly from seeds and harvested following 3 weeks of culture. Extracts prepared in water, 50% ethanol and 96% ethanol were compared for the total polyphenolic content, phytochemical content using the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-hr-qTOF/MS), antioxidant activity by DPPH scavenging assay and the influence on the activity of mushroom and murine tyrosinases. The phytochemical content of AmIV extracts was significantly different from AmL and AmH extracts. Most of the polyphenolic compounds identified in AmL and AmH extracts were present in AmIV extracts only in trace amounts and the major constituents presented in AmIV extracts were fatty acids. The total content of polyphenols in AmIV exceeded 0.25 mg GAE/g of dried extract, whereas AmL and AmH extracts contained from 0.46 ± 0.01 to 2.63 ± 0.11 mg GAE/g of dried extract, depending on the solvent used. The low content of polyphenols was most likely responsible for the low antioxidant activity of AmIV extracts (IC50 values in DPPH scavenging assay >400 µg/mL) and the lack of tyrosinase inhibitory properties. AmIV extracts increased the activity of mushroom tyrosinase and tyrosinase present in B16F10 murine melanoma cells, whereas AmL and AmH extracts showed significant inhibitory potential. The presented data indicated that microshoot cultures of A. millefolium require further experimental research before they can be implemented as a valuable raw material for the cosmetics industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Czech
- Department of Cosmetology, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Gaweł-Bęben
- Department of Cosmetology, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Szopa
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland
| | - Wirginia Kukula-Koch
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Thomas Jakschitz
- Austrian Drug Screening Institute GmbH, Innrain 66a, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Günther Bonn
- Austrian Drug Screening Institute GmbH, Innrain 66a, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Shah Hussain
- Austrian Drug Screening Institute GmbH, Innrain 66a, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Paweł Kubica
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland
| | - Halina Ekiert
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland
| | - Kazimierz Głowniak
- Department of Cosmetology, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland
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Nerdinger S, Schottenberger H, Neuner S, A. Schwartz H, Kreutz C, Müller T, Mayer P, Bonn G, Gelbrich T, J. Griesser U, Wurst K, Kahlenberg V. 2-Arylazoimidazoles Revamped by Quarternization or Dimerization; Another Gain in Functionality of an Industrial Dyestuff Family by Task-Specific Side-Chain Substituents. HETEROCYCLES 2022. [DOI: 10.3987/com-22-s(r)17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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3
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Sánchez‐López JA, Yener S, Smrke S, Märk TD, Bonn G, Zimmermann R, Biasioli F, Yeretzian C. Cover image. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Jakschitz T, Fischnaller M, Noel JC, Gstir R, Rainer D, Rutzinger P, Bonn G, Rode BM. Electronic cigarettes – an important progress or just another risk for health? PURE APPL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2019-0206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Liquids for electronic cigarettes and the vapor generated from them were examined by chemical and biological methods in order to reveal potential risk factors and their acceptability for consumers. Although the majority of the liquids on the market appear to be safe, some aroma compositions have been identified as possibly toxic for human vein epithelial cells, similar to tobacco smoke, thus indicating potential health risks and suggesting suitable test procedures before marketing the liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Jakschitz
- Austrian Drug Screening Institute (ADSI) and Institute for Analytical and Radiochemistry , University of Innsbruck , Innrain 80-82 , A-6020 Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Martin Fischnaller
- Austrian Drug Screening Institute (ADSI) and Institute for Analytical and Radiochemistry , University of Innsbruck , Innrain 80-82 , A-6020 Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Jean-Christophe Noel
- Austrian Drug Screening Institute (ADSI) and Institute for Analytical and Radiochemistry , University of Innsbruck , Innrain 80-82 , A-6020 Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Ronald Gstir
- Austrian Drug Screening Institute (ADSI) and Institute for Analytical and Radiochemistry , University of Innsbruck , Innrain 80-82 , A-6020 Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Daniela Rainer
- Austrian Drug Screening Institute (ADSI) and Institute for Analytical and Radiochemistry , University of Innsbruck , Innrain 80-82 , A-6020 Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Peter Rutzinger
- Austrian Drug Screening Institute (ADSI) and Institute for Analytical and Radiochemistry , University of Innsbruck , Innrain 80-82 , A-6020 Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Günther Bonn
- Austrian Drug Screening Institute (ADSI) and Institute for Analytical and Radiochemistry , University of Innsbruck , Innrain 80-82 , A-6020 Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Bernd Michael Rode
- Austrian Drug Screening Institute (ADSI) and Institute for Analytical and Radiochemistry , University of Innsbruck , Innrain 80-82 , A-6020 Innsbruck , Austria
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Sánchez‐López JA, Yener S, Smrke S, Märk TD, Bonn G, Zimmermann R, Biasioli F, Yeretzian C. Extraction kinetics of tea aroma compounds as a function brewing temperature, leaf size and water hardness. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José A. Sánchez‐López
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW) Wädenswil Switzerland
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre Chair of Analytical Chemistry Institute of Chemistry University of Rostock Rostock Germany
| | - Sine Yener
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition Research and Innovation Centre Fondazione Edmund Mach San Michele all’Adige Italy
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry & Radiochemistry Leopold Franzens University Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria
| | - Samo Smrke
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW) Wädenswil Switzerland
| | - Tilmann D. Märk
- Institute of Ion Physics and Applied Physics Leopold‐Franzens University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria
| | - Günther Bonn
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry & Radiochemistry Leopold Franzens University Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria
| | - Ralf Zimmermann
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre Chair of Analytical Chemistry Institute of Chemistry University of Rostock Rostock Germany
- Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics/CMA Helmholtz Zentrum München Neuherberg Germany
| | - Franco Biasioli
- Department of Food Quality and Nutrition Research and Innovation Centre Fondazione Edmund Mach San Michele all’Adige Italy
| | - Chahan Yeretzian
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW) Wädenswil Switzerland
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Noël J, Rainer D, Gstir R, Rainer M, Bonn G. Cover Image. Biomed Chromatogr 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Noël JC, Rainer D, Gstir R, Rainer M, Bonn G. Quantification of selected aroma compounds in e-cigarette products and toxicity evaluation in HUVEC/Tert2 cells. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 34:e4761. [PMID: 31758585 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
During recent years, the number of consumers using so-called e-cigarettes, which are electrical devices to aerosolize a liquid consisting of propylene glycol, glycerol, optional nicotine and flavoring chemicals, has been increasing. Aromas vary from common flavors such as mint to more unusual flavors such as buttermilk or pepperoni pizza. Consumers today can buy e-concentrates that consist of propylene glycol and aroma to blend their own desired flavor at home. Little is known about the composition and concentration of various aroma molecules in the different e-liquids and e-concentrates. In addition, the process of EU-wide regulation is still ongoing. The aim of this research study was to identify and quantify possible undesirable aroma compounds in e-liquids and e-concentrates. Flavoring chemicals such as estragole, benzaldehyde and cinnamaldehyde were quantified. The measurements were carried out on a GC-MS system. The results show the presence of highly concentrated flavoring compounds and limonene oxide in lemon-flavored e-concentrates. In the final step, samples and single-aroma standards were tested for their toxicity to HUVEC/Tert2 cells, where some single-flavoring chemicals such as cinnamic aldehyde revealed significant toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Christophe Noël
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University of Innsbruck, CCB-Center of Chemistry and Biomedicine, Innsbruck, Austria.,Austrian Drug Screening Institute, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Ronald Gstir
- Austrian Drug Screening Institute, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Matthias Rainer
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University of Innsbruck, CCB-Center of Chemistry and Biomedicine, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Günther Bonn
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University of Innsbruck, CCB-Center of Chemistry and Biomedicine, Innsbruck, Austria.,Austrian Drug Screening Institute, Innsbruck, Austria
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Noël JC, Ruzsanyi V, Rainer M, Bonn G. Investigation of the evaporation behavior of aroma compounds in e-cigarettes. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:3029-3035. [PMID: 30879113 PMCID: PMC6526143 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01749-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the evaporation behavior of certain aroma compounds found in e-liquids. Since an e-liquid is evaporated, the aroma present can reach the lungs and could be absorbed into the body which may have long-term health effects above critical concentrations. Due to a lack in regulations, the sort and concentration of the compounds in sold e-liquids can vary. To capture the aroma compounds in the vapor, a smoking machine was developed. The resulting data represent the amount of aroma reaching the consumers’ lungs. The influence of the e-cigarette temperature, ranging from 100 to 315 °C, on the evaporation of benzaldehyde, estragole, and different terpenoids was examined. Additionally, the effect of the liquid base composition on the amount of aroma in the vapor was compared using the analysis of variances. The influence of high temperature, the type of e-cigarette, and the atomizer coil material, which could lead to oxidation of limonene and linalool in the vapor, is shown here. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Christophe Noël
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, University of Innsbruck, CCB- Center of Chemistry and Biomedicine, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.,Austrian Drug Screening Institute, Innrain 66a, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Veronika Ruzsanyi
- Institute for Breath Research, University of Innsbruck, 6850, Dornbirn, Austria
| | - Matthias Rainer
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, University of Innsbruck, CCB- Center of Chemistry and Biomedicine, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Günther Bonn
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, University of Innsbruck, CCB- Center of Chemistry and Biomedicine, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
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9
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Nikou T, Liaki V, Stathopoulos P, Sklirou AD, Tsakiri EN, Jakschitz T, Bonn G, Trougakos IP, Halabalaki M, Skaltsounis LA. Comparison survey of EVOO polyphenols and exploration of healthy aging-promoting properties of oleocanthal and oleacein. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 125:403-412. [PMID: 30677444 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Olive oil is widely accepted as a superior edible oil. Great attention has been given lately to olive oil polyphenols which are linked to significant health beneficial effects. Towards a survey of Greek olive oil focusing on polyphenols, representative extra virgin olive oils (EVOOs) from the main producing areas of the country and the same harvesting period have been collected and analyzed. Significant differences and interesting correlations have been identified connecting certain polyphenols namely hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol, oleacein and oleocanthal with specific parameters e.g. geographical origin, production procedure and cultivation practice. Selected EVOOs polyphenol extracts, with different oleacein and oleocanthal levels, as well as isolated oleacein and oleocanthal were bio-evaluated in mammalian cells and as a dietary supplement in the Drosophila in vivo model. We found that oleocanthal and oleacein activated healthy aging-promoting cytoprotective pathways and suppressed oxidative stress in both mammalian cells and in flies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Nikou
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, 15771, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Liaki
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, 15784, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Stathopoulos
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, 15771, Greece
| | - Aimilia D Sklirou
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, 15784, Greece
| | - Eleni N Tsakiri
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, 15784, Greece
| | - Thomas Jakschitz
- Austrian Drug Screening Institute - ADSI, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 66, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Günther Bonn
- Austrian Drug Screening Institute - ADSI, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 66, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria; Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, CCB - Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ioannis P Trougakos
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, 15784, Greece
| | - Maria Halabalaki
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, 15771, Greece
| | - Leandros A Skaltsounis
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, 15771, Greece.
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10
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Napavichayanun S, Lutz O, Fischnaller M, Jakschitz T, Bonn G, Aramwit P. Identification and quantification and antioxidant activity of flavonoids in different strains of silk cocoon, Bombyx mori. Arch Biochem Biophys 2017; 631:58-65. [PMID: 28807613 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Silk cocoon is produced from silkworm (Bombyx mori) to protect itself from outer environment. Various strains of cocoon contain different forms and amounts of flavonoids, which may affect on their antioxidant activity. Moreover, the extraction method would influence the amount of flavonoids extracted. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to identify and quantify the flavonoids in 3 strains of bivoltine Bombyx mori silk cocoon (Chul 1/1; white cocoon, Chul 3/2; greenish cocoon, and Chul 4/2; yellow cocoon) extracted by 6 different solvents including acetone, ethyl acetate, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ethanol, methanol, and purified water. The flavonoids extracted were identified and quantified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The antioxidant activity of flavonoids extracted was also investigated by visible spectroscopy at 517 nm. The results showed that Chul 3/2 silk cocoon contained the highest amount of flavonoids. Purified water seemed to be the best solvent that preserved most antioxidant activity of the flavonoids extracted. Flavonoids in Chul 1/1 and Chul 4/2 silk cocoon were rarely found, however they contained some antioxidant activities. The data from this study can provide basic information for flavonoid extraction from silk cocoon which can also apply for other flavonoid-containing natural biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supamas Napavichayanun
- Bioactive Resources for Innovative Clinical Applications Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Phatumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, PhayaThai Road, Phatumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Oliver Lutz
- Austrian Drug Screening Institute (ADSI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 66a, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Martin Fischnaller
- Austrian Drug Screening Institute (ADSI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 66a, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Thomas Jakschitz
- Austrian Drug Screening Institute (ADSI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 66a, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Günther Bonn
- Austrian Drug Screening Institute (ADSI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 66a, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Pornanong Aramwit
- Bioactive Resources for Innovative Clinical Applications Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Phatumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, PhayaThai Road, Phatumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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Laus G, Schwärzler A, Bentivoglio G, Hummel M, Kahlenberg V, Wurst K, Kristeva E, Schütz J, Kopacka H, Kreutz C, Bonn G, Andriyko Y, Nauer G, Schottenberger H. Synthesis and Crystal Structures of 1-Alkoxy-3-alkylimidazolium Salts Including Ionic Liquids, 1-Alkylimidazole 3-oxides and 1-Alkylimidazole Perhydrates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2008-0411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Functionalized quaternary imidazolium salts were prepared with the intention to obtain new ionic liquids (ILs). Thus, more than forty 3-alkoxy-1-alkylimidazolium salts, 3-alkoxy-1-alkyl-2-methylimidazolium salts, 1-methylimidazole 3-oxide and 1,2-dimethylimidazole 3-oxide as well as their salts, 1,3-dihydroxyimidazolium salts and 1,3-dihydroxy-2-methylimidazolium salts were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopy and, to a limited extent, by viscosity and conductivity measurements. Results of fourteen single crystal X-ray structure determinations are reported, among them also the parent compounds 1-hydroxyimidazole 3-oxide and 1-hydroxy-2-methylimidazole 3- oxide. Selective debenzylation of 1-benzyloxy-3-methyl imidazolium salts and mono-demethoxylation of 1,3-dimethoxyimidazolium salts were achieved by hydrogenolysis. In addition, a crystalline semiperhydrate of 1,2-dimethylimidazole was characterized. Furthermore, an addition compound of 1-methylimidazole 3-oxide with tris(2-thienyl)borane and a silver carbene complex derived from 1-benzyloxy-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate was crystallized and characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Laus
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alexander Schwärzler
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gino Bentivoglio
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- ECHEM Competence Center of Applied Electrochemistry, 2270 Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | - Michael Hummel
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Volker Kahlenberg
- Institute of Mineralogy and Petrography, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Klaus Wurst
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Elka Kristeva
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Schütz
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Holger Kopacka
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christoph Kreutz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Günther Bonn
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Yuriy Andriyko
- ECHEM Competence Center of Applied Electrochemistry, 2270 Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | - Gerhard Nauer
- ECHEM Competence Center of Applied Electrochemistry, 2270 Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | - Herwig Schottenberger
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Laus G, Schwärzler A, Schuster P, Bentivoglio G, Hummel M, Wurst K, Kahlenberg V, Lörting T, Schütz J, Peringer P, Bonn G, Nauer G, Schottenberger H. N,N'-Di(alkyloxy)imidazolium Salts: New Patent-free Ionic Liquids and NHC Precatalysts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2007-0301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
1-Hydroxyimidazole-3-oxides (2-H, 2-Me) were alkylated with (RO)2SO2 (R =Me, Et) to give the new 1,3-di(alkyloxy)imidazolium cations which were isolated as hexafluorophosphates. Ion metathesis yielded new hydrophobic ionic liquids (bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imides, tris(pentafluoroethyl) trifluorophosphates). Bromination afforded 2-bromo derivatives which were converted to Ni and Pd N-heterocyclic carbene complexes by oxidative insertion. Fifteen crystal structures were determined by X-ray diffraction. The N-alkyloxy groups are twisted out of the imidazole ring plane and adopt either syn or anti conformations in the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Laus
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alexander Schwärzler
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria / Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Philipp Schuster
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gino Bentivoglio
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Hummel
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Klaus Wurst
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Volker Kahlenberg
- Institute of Mineralogy and Petrography, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Lörting
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Schütz
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Paul Peringer
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Günther Bonn
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gerhard Nauer
- ECHEM Competence Center of Applied Electrochemistry, Viktor-Kaplan-Straße 2, 2270 Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | - Herwig Schottenberger
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Mattle C, Heigl N, Abel G, Bonn G, Huck C. Near-infrared diffuse reflection spectroscopy and multivariate calibration hyphenated with thin-layer chromatography for quality control of a phytomedicine and simultaneous quantification of methoxylated flavones. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2010. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.23.2010.5.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Barisic M, Sohm B, Mikolcevic P, Wandke C, Rauch V, Ringer T, Hess M, Bonn G, Geley S. Spindly/CCDC99 is required for efficient chromosome congression and mitotic checkpoint regulation. Mol Biol Cell 2010; 21:1968-81. [PMID: 20427577 PMCID: PMC2883941 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e09-04-0356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Spindly is required for kinetochore localization of cytoplasmic dynein, which is essential for poleward movement of chromosomes and for kinetochore protein streaming. In addition, Spindly controls the activity and kinetochore abundance of the RZZ complex, which contributes to microtubule attachment and mitotic checkpoint activity. Spindly recruits a fraction of cytoplasmic dynein to kinetochores for poleward movement of chromosomes and control of mitotic checkpoint signaling. Here we show that human Spindly is a cell cycle–regulated mitotic phosphoprotein that interacts with the Rod/ZW10/Zwilch (RZZ) complex. The kinetochore levels of Spindly are regulated by microtubule attachment and biorientation induced tension. Deletion mutants lacking the N-terminal half of the protein (NΔ253), or the conserved Spindly box (ΔSB), strongly localized to kinetochores and failed to respond to attachment or tension. In addition, these mutants prevented the removal of the RZZ complex and that of MAD2 from bioriented chromosomes and caused cells to arrest at metaphase, showing that RZZ-Spindly has to be removed from kinetochores to terminate mitotic checkpoint signaling. Depletion of Spindly by RNAi, however, caused cells to arrest in prometaphase because of a delay in microtubule attachment. Surprisingly, this defect was alleviated by codepletion of ZW10. Thus, Spindly is not only required for kinetochore localization of dynein but is a functional component of a mechanism that couples dynein-dependent poleward movement of chromosomes to their efficient attachment to microtubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marin Barisic
- Division of Molecular Pathophysiology, Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Petter C, Heigl N, Bakry R, Bonn G, Ritsch A, Huck C. Quantification of Low-Density and High-Density Lipoproteins in Human Serum by Material Enhanced Infrared Spectroscopy (MEIRS). Curr Med Chem 2009; 16:4601-8. [DOI: 10.2174/092986709789760625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2009] [Accepted: 11/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Schwärzler A, Laus G, Wurst K, Bonn G, Schottenberger H. Crystal structure of 1,3-dibenzyloxy-2-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, [C18H19N2O2][PF6]. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2009. [DOI: 10.1524/ncrs.2009.0261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Schwärzler A, Wurst K, Laus G, Griesser UJ, Bonn G, Schottenberger H. Crystal structure of bis[(4R*,5R*)2-amino-4,5-trans-dihydroxy- 1,3-dimethoxy-4,5-dihydroimidazolium] hexafluorosilicate, [C5H12N3O4]2[SiF6]. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2009. [DOI: 10.1524/ncrs.2009.0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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18
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Schwärzler A, Wurst K, Laus G, Griesser UJ, Bonn G, Schottenberger H. Crystal structure of bis[(4R*,5R*)2-amino-4,5-trans-dihydroxy-1,3-dimethoxy-4,5-dihydroimidazolium] hexafluorosilicate, [C5H12N3O4]2[SiF6]. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2009. [DOI: 10.1524/ncrs.2009.224.14.429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Schwärzler A, Laus G, Wurst K, Bonn G, Schottenberger H. Crystal structure of 1,3-dibenzyloxy-2-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, [C18H19N2O2][PF6]. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2009. [DOI: 10.1524/ncrs.2009.224.14.629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Petter C, Heigl N, Rainer M, Bakry R, Pallua J, Bonn G, Huck C. Development and Application of Fourier-Transform Infrared Chemical Imaging of Tumour in Human Tissue. Curr Med Chem 2009; 16:318-26. [DOI: 10.2174/092986709787002664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Schwärzler A, Wurst K, Laus G, Bonn G, Schottenberger H. Crystal structure of bis(cobaltocenium) sulfate tetrahydrate, [(C5H5)2Co]2(SO4) ·4H2O. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2008. [DOI: 10.1524/ncrs.2008.0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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22
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Laus G, Wurst K, Schwärzler A, Bonn G, Schottenberger H. Crystal structure of bis(1-benzylideneamino-3-ethylimidazolin-2-ylidene)- silver(I) hexafluorophosphate, [Ag(C12H13N3)2][PF6]. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2008. [DOI: 10.1524/ncrs.2008.0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kloss FR, Najam-Ul-Haq M, Rainer M, Gassner R, Lepperdinger G, Huck CW, Bonn G, Klauser F, Liu X, Memmel N, Bertel E, Garrido JA, Steinmüller-Nethl D. Nanocrystalline diamond--an excellent platform for life science applications. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2007; 7:4581-4587. [PMID: 18283848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) has recently been successfully utilized in a variety of life science applications. NCD films are favorable and salubrious substrates for cells during cultivation. Therefore NCD has also been employed in tissue engineering strategies. NCD as reported in this contribution was grown by means of a modified hot-filament chemical vapor deposition technique, which results in less than 3% sp2-hybridization and yields grain sizes of 5-20 nm. After production the NCD surface was rather hydrophobic, however it could be efficiently refined to exhibit more hydrophilic properties. Changing of the surface structure was found to be an efficient means to influence growth and differentiation capacity of a variety of cells. The particular needs for any given cell type has to be proven empirically. Yet flexible features of NCD appear to be superior to plastic surfaces which can be hardly changed in quality. Besides its molecular properties, crystal structural peculiarities of NCD appear to influence cell growth as well. In our attempt to facilitate, highly specialized applications in biomedicine, we recently discovered that growth factors can be tightly bound to NCD by mere physisorption. Hence, combination of surface functionalization together with further options to coat NCD with any kind of three-dimensional structure opens up new avenues for many more applications. In fact, high through-put protein profiling of early disease stages may become possible from serum samples, because proteins bound to NCD can now be efficiently analyzed by MALDI/TOF-MS. Given these results, it is to be presumed that the physical properties and effective electrochemical characteristics of NCD will allow tailoring devices suitable for many more diagnostic as well as therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank R Kloss
- Department for Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Maximilianstr. 10, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Oefner P, Bonn G, Bartsch G. Ultrafiltration and High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Analysis of Seminal Carbohydrates, organic acids and Sugar Alcohols. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01483918508067125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Szantai E, Ronai Z, Sasvari-Szekely M, Bonn G, Guttman A. Multicapillary Electrophoresis Analysis of Single-Nucleotide Sequence Variations in the Deoxycytidine Kinase Gene. Clin Chem 2006; 52:1756-62. [PMID: 16858072 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2006.071159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Investigation of the genetic background of complex traits is the focus of recent interest, as several common diseases or the individual response to treatments of various illnesses have not yet been explored. These studies require the development and implementation of reliable and large-scale genotyping methods. In this report, we introduce an efficient technique based on PCR–restriction fragment length sequence variation technique for the analysis of the −360CG and −201CT single-nucleotide sequence variations in the deoxycytidine kinase gene.
Methods: A multicapillary gel electrophoresis instrument was used for the size determination of the generated DNA fragments. A healthy Hungarian population of 100 individuals was investigated to determine allele and genotype frequencies for the 2 sequence variations of interest.
Results: We found that the occurrence of the minor allele is rather low, i.e., the frequency of both the −360G and −201T variants is 1%.
Conclusions: Our technique can readily facilitate the analysis of these important sequence variations in other ethnic groups to clarify the role of these sequence variations in conjunction with arabinosylcytosine treatment in acute myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Szantai
- Horváth Laboratory of Bioseparation Sciences and Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University, Innsbruck, Austria
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Stöggl W, Huck C, Wongyai S, Scherz H, Bonn G. Simultaneous determination of carotenoids, tocopherols, and gamma-oryzanol in crude rice bran oil by liquid chromatography coupled to diode array and mass spectrometric detection employing silica C30 stationary phases. J Sep Sci 2006; 28:1712-8. [PMID: 16224965 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200500176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Crude rice bran oil contains tocopherols (vitamin E), carotenoids (vitamin A), and phytosterols, which possess antioxidant activities and show promising effects as preventive and therapeutic agents. The aim of this work was to establish methods and to compare C18 and C30 silica stationary phases in order to separate and detect tocopherols, carotenoids, and gamma-oryzanol in one single run. Comparing RP-LC on silica C18 and C30, higher resolution between all target compounds was obtained using the C30 stationary phase. Methanol was used as eluent and the elution strength was increased by the addition of tert-butyl methyl ether for highly hydrophobic analytes such as gamma-oryzanol. Detection was accomplished by diode array detection from 200 to 500 nm. Absorbance maxima were found at 295 nm for tocopherols, 324 nm for gammaoryzanol, and 450 nm for carotenoids. Furthermore, compounds were characterized and identified on the basis of their UV-spectra. Both RP systems were coupled to MS (LC-MS) by using an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Stöggl
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University, Innsbruck, Austria
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Steinmüller-Nethl D, Kloss FR, Najam-Ul-Haq M, Rainer M, Larsson K, Linsmeier C, Köhler G, Fehrer C, Lepperdinger G, Liu X, Memmel N, Bertel E, Huck CW, Gassner R, Bonn G. Strong binding of bioactive BMP-2 to nanocrystalline diamond by physisorption. Biomaterials 2006; 27:4547-56. [PMID: 16725197 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2006.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2005] [Accepted: 04/10/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Nano-crystalline diamond (NCD)-coated surfaces were efficiently functionalized with bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) by means of physisorption. Due to their randomly oriented texture, NCD-coated surfaces appear to bind complex molecules firmly. Applying various highly sensitive analytical methods, the interaction was found extremely stable. The strength of the experimentally measured adherence between BMP-2 and NCD was further corroborated by theoretical calculations. Oxygen treatment rendered NCD hydrophilic by the appearance of surface oxygen containing groups. This particular NCD surface exhibited even higher binding energies towards BMP-2 than the hydrophobic surface, and this surface was also favoured by cultured cells. Most importantly in this context, bound BMP-2 was found fully active. When cultured on BMP-2-treated NCD, osteosarcoma cells strongly up-regulated alkaline phosphatase, a specific marker for osteogenic differentiation. Hence, this simple method will allow generating highly versatile surfaces with complex biomimetic coatings, essentials for novel medical devices and implants as well as for innovative scaffolds in tissue engineering.
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28
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Laus G, Strasser CE, Holzer M, Wurst K, Pürstinger G, Ongania KH, Rauch M, Bonn G, Schottenberger H. The (E)-2-Ferrocenylethenylcobaltocenium Cation. A Missing Link in Heteronuclear Bimetallocene-Based Donor−Acceptor Conjugate Chemistry Exhibiting Irregular Solvatochromism. Organometallics 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/om050431w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Laus
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52a, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christoph E. Strasser
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52a, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Manfred Holzer
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52a, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Klaus Wurst
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52a, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gerhard Pürstinger
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52a, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Karl-Hans Ongania
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52a, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Martin Rauch
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52a, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Günther Bonn
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52a, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Herwig Schottenberger
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52a, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Williger B, Bonn G, Harrer G, Zeilhofer HF, Troeger H, Heberer M, Pierer G. Kybernetische Systemanalyse im Universitätsspital. Anwendung des Sensitivitätsmodells nach Prof. Vester® in der Wiederherstellenden Chirurgie Basel. HANDCHIR MIKROCHIR P 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-864892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Huck CW, Stecher G, Scherz H, Bonn G. Analysis of drugs, natural and bioactive compounds containing phenolic groups by capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry. Electrophoresis 2005; 26:1319-33. [PMID: 15776479 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200410315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the use of capillary electrophoresis (CE) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) for the analysis of phenolic compounds and its latest developments. Special attention is paid to the different interfaces. The instrumental setups are discussed and demonstrated in a high number of real applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian W Huck
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Bonn G. Obituary: Professor Csaba Horváth (1930-2004). Proteomics 2004; 4:1855-6. [PMID: 15221741 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200490040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Bonn G, Brinkman U, Dondi F, Frank H. Unifying Separation Science: EuSSS. J Sep Sci 2004; 27:493-4. [PMID: 15335030 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200490023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Bonn G. [Not Available]. Lipp Mitt Gesch Landeskd 2001; 48:69-116. [PMID: 11635344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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Caetano HM, Maw J, Bernard P, Bonn G. Tympanic membrane patching with bandage contact lens after removal of ventilation T tubes. J Otolaryngol 1999; 28:65-7. [PMID: 10212870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Early closure of the tympanic membrane, after removal of longstanding ventilation T tubes (VTs), is a desirable outcome. A prospective randomized control study was undertaken to determine if spontaneous healing of the tympanic membrane is promoted with a bandage contact lens (BCL). METHOD Thirty-nine paediatric patients, who required removal of VTs under general anaesthesia, were selected. After removal of the ventilation tubes, one tympanic membrane was randomly selected for patching with a BCL, while the other underwent conservative management. Follow-up examination was performed at 2 weeks. Remaining perforations of the tympanic membranes were noted. The mean length of time VTs were present was 35.7 months. RESULTS Chi-square analysis reveals that a significantly greater proportion of tympanic membranes patched with a BCL were healed at 2 weeks (p < .005). CONCLUSIONS Thus, promotion of spontaneous healing with BCL may allow for decreased risk of infection, improved hearing, and earlier avoidance of precautions necessary for perforated tympanic membranes. Also, it is possible that promoting spontaneous healing at the early phase may decrease the number of persistent tympanic membrane perforations after VT removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Caetano
- Department of Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario
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Moebius FF, Soellner KE, Fiechtner B, Huck CW, Bonn G, Glossmann H. Histidine77, glutamic acid81, glutamic acid123, threonine126, asparagine194, and tryptophan197 of the human emopamil binding protein are required for in vivo sterol delta 8-delta 7 isomerization. Biochemistry 1999; 38:1119-27. [PMID: 9894009 DOI: 10.1021/bi981804i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The human emopamil binding protein (hEBP) exhibits sterol Delta8-Delta7 isomerase activity (EC 5.3.3.5) upon heterologous expression in a sterol Delta8-Delta7 isomerization-deficient erg2-3 yeast strain. Ala scanning mutagenesis was used to identify residues in the four putative transmembrane alpha-helices of hEBP that are required for catalytic activity. Isomerization was assayed in vivo by spectrophotometric quantification of Delta5,7-sterols. Out of 64 Ala mutants of hEBP only H77A-, E81A-, E123A-, T126A-, N194A-, and W197A-expressing yeast strains contained 10% or less of wild-type (wt) Delta5,7-sterols. All substitutions of these six residues with functionally or structurally similar amino acid residues failed to fully restore catalytic activity. Mutants E81D, T126S, N194Q, and W197F, but not H77N and E123D, still bound the enzyme inhibitor 3H-ifenprodil. Changed equilibrium and kinetic binding properties of the mutant enzymes confirmed our previous suggestion that residues required for catalytic activity are also involved in inhibitor binding [Moebius et al. (1996) Biochemistry 35, 16871-16878]. His77, Glu81, Glu123, Thr126, Asn194, and Trp197 are localized in the cytoplasmic halves of the transmembrane segments 2-4 and are proposed to line the catalytic cleft. Ala mutants of Trp102, Tyr105, Asp109, Arg111, and Tyr112 in a conserved cytoplasmic domain (WKEYXKGDSRY) between transmembrane segments 2 and 3 contained less than 10% of wt Delta5,7-sterols, implying that this region also could be functionally important. The in vivo complementation of enzyme-deficient yeast strains with mutated cDNAs is a simple and sensitive method to rapidly analyze the functional consequences of mutations in sterol modifying enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- F F Moebius
- Institut für Biochemische Pharmakologie, Universität Innsbruck, Austria
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Abstract
A method for the rapid quantitative analysis of underivatized acidic sugars, monosaccharides and disaccharides using coelectroosmotic capillary electrophoresis was developed. Indirect UV detection at 254 nm using sorbate as background electrolyte was employed for monitoring the analytes. A highly alkaline pH value of the electrolyte system was chosen in order to achieve an electrophoretic mobility of the saccharides towards the anode. A dynamic reversal of the electroosmotic flow and, by this means, a codirectional movement of the negatively charged analytes and the electroosmotic flow is accomplished by employing a polycationic surfactant (hexadimethrine bromide), which is added to the background electrolyte. To further improve the resolution of specific carbohydrates, acetone is used as organic modifier. A practical application of the developed method for the fast determination of fructose, glucose, and sucrose in various soft drinks is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zemann
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens-University Innsbruck, Austria.
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Bonn G. Seventieth birthday of J. F. K. Huber. Chromatographia 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02274597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Splinter W, Noël LP, Roberts D, Rhine E, Bonn G, Clarke W. Antiemetic prophylaxis for strabismus surgery. Can J Ophthalmol 1994; 29:224-6. [PMID: 7859174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Droperidol can reduce the high incidence of vomiting after pediatric strabismus surgery; however, its use may be associated with sedation, delayed hospital discharge, dysphoria and extrapyramidal signs. Midazolam, a short-acting benzodiazepine with antiemetic properties, has few side effects and may be a suitable alternative. We prospectively compared the antiemetic effect of these two drugs in 393 healthy children aged 18 months to 14 years undergoing outpatient strabismus surgery. The children were randomly assigned to receive midazolam hydrochloride (50 micrograms/kg) (199 patients) or droperidol (50 micrograms/kg) (194 children). The incidence rates of vomiting in the two groups were 45% and 37% respectively, a nonsignificant difference. The incidence of vomiting was not affected by the duration of anesthesia, but the number of muscles repaired was a significant predictor of postoperative vomiting (p < 0.001).
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Affiliation(s)
- W Splinter
- Department of Anaesthesia, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa
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Timerbaev A, Semenova O, Bonn G. Metal ion capillary zone electrophoresis with direct UV detection: Comparison of different migration modes for negatively charged chelates. Chromatographia 1993. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02275786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Grill E, Huber C, Oefner P, Vorndran A, Bonn G. Capillary zone electrophoresis of p-aminobenzoic acid derivatives of aldoses, ketoses and uronic acids. Electrophoresis 1993; 14:1004-10. [PMID: 8125047 DOI: 10.1002/elps.11501401160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Aldoses, ketoses and uronic acids were derivatized with p-aminobenzoic acid and separated as their borate complexes by capillary zone electrophoresis, using a capillary tube of fused silica containing 150 mM borate buffer, pH 10.0, as carrier. The electrophoretic mobilities of 22 carbohydrates were determined and found to increase with increasing stability of the borate complexes formed. Besides the number of hydroxyl groups and the presence of substituents, complex stability depended most strongly on the configuration of the three vicinal hydroxyl groups at C2, C3 and C4. On-column UV monitoring at 285 nm allowed the detection of glucose with a lower mass detection limit of 15 fmol and a concentration sensitivity of 4 microM. Reproducible quantification of carbohydrates was achieved at least in the concentration range of 0.1-10 mM in reaction solutions by the relative peak area method, using cinnamic acid as internal standard. The method was applied successfully to the determination of the monosaccharide composition of polysaccharides extracted from Radix althaeae.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Grill
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens-University, Innsbruck, Austria
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Abstract
Putrescine, spermidine and spermine were determined quantitatively in 192 ultrafiltered samples of human seminal plasma with a precision of +/- 1.9% by pre-column derivatization with benzoyl chloride and reversed-phase chromatography. The concentrations of free putrescine, spermidine and spermine ranged from 0 to 1.96 mmol/l (mean = 0.10), 0.017-0.96 mmol/l (mean = 0.16) and 0.13 to 20.80 mmol/l (mean = 2.43), respectively. A significant correlation between the amounts of spermidine and spermine was found (r2 = 0.806, P less than 0.0005). Otherwise, no significant correlations between free-polyamine levels and routine spermiogram parameters such as volume, sperm count, motility, vitality and morphology were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Oefner
- Department of Urology, Leopold-Franzens-University, Innsbruck, Austria
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Abstract
A method was developed to monitor the occurrence of lipid peroxidation (LPO) during ischemia and Na-maleate-induced acute renal failure (ARF) on male rats in vivo by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in arterial and renal venous blood and in urine. No signs of LPO could be detected under control conditions. In ischemic ARF produced by 45 min of renal artery clamping a steep increase of MDA was found in the renal venous effluent immediately after starting reperfusion. This effect was nearly abolished after 5 min of blood reflow while glomerular filtration remained at 5% of control value during a 90-min postischemic observation period. Intoxication with Na-maleate leads to enhanced LPO in combination with an impaired renal function 2 h after administration. These findings would well explain cellular damage and some aspects of renal dysfunction associated with the initiation phase of ARF.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Joannidis
- Institute of Physiology, University of Innsbruck, Austria
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Bonn G. Practical high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)92688-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Hörmeyer HF, Tailliez P, Millet J, Girard H, Bonn G, Bobleter O, Aubert JP. Ethanol production by Clostridium thermocellum grown on hydrothermally and organosolv-pretreated lignocellulosic materials. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 1988. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00260980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Wongyai S, Oefner P, Bonn G. HPLC analysis of polyamines and their acetylated derivatives in the picomole range using benzoyl chloride and 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl chloride as derivatizing agent. Biomed Chromatogr 1988; 2:254-7. [PMID: 3233395 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1130020606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Analytical methods are described for the quantitative determination of putrescine, cadaverine, spermidine, spermine and the acetylated derivatives of spermidine and spermine in biological fluids using pre-column derivatization with either benzoyl chloride or 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl chloride, which were added to each sample as solutions in diethyl ether. Putrescine, spermidine and spermine can be analysed in seminal plasma at nanogram levels when benzoyl chloride is used as derivatizing agent. In the analysis of putrescine, cadaverine, spermidine and acetyl derivatives of spermidine and spermine, higher sensitivity is obtained with 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl-chloride. This method can readily be used in the determination of acetylated polyamines in urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Wongyai
- Institute of Radiochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Austria
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Bonn G, Lerayer D, Sicault R. [Treatment of prepapillary neovascularization in the absence of an angiographically visible ischemic area]. Bull Soc Ophtalmol Fr 1988; 88:1273-6. [PMID: 2476257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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