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Saab ME, Vanier G, Sudlovenick E, Powell AL, Simonee J, Desmarais G, Muckle CA, Fairbrother JM, Daoust PY. Occurrence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella species and potentially pathogenic Escherichia coli in free-living seals of Canadian Atlantic and eastern Arctic waters. Zoonoses Public Health 2023; 70:542-554. [PMID: 37317052 DOI: 10.1111/zph.13064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Seal populations in Canadian waters provide sustenance to coastal communities. There is potential for pathogenic and/or antimicrobial-resistant bacteria to transfer to humans through inadvertent faecal contamination of seal products. The objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence and potential antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes in faecal samples collected from grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and from ringed seals (Pusa hispida) in Frobisher Bay and Eclipse Sound, Nunavut, Canada. Grey seals were harvested during commercial hunts or during scientific sampling; ringed seals were collected by Inuit hunters during subsistence harvests. Virulence genes defining pathogenic E. coli were identified by PCR, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on recovered isolates. In grey seals, E. coli was detected in 34/44 (77%) samples, and pathogenic E. coli (extraintestinal E. coli [ExPEC], enteropathogenic E. coli [EPEC] or ExPEC/EPEC) was detected in 13/44 (29%) samples. Non-susceptibility to beta-lactams and quinolones was observed in isolates from 18 grey seals. In ringed seals from Frobisher Bay, E. coli was detected in 4/45 (9%) samples; neither virulence genes nor antimicrobial resistance was detected in these isolates. In ringed seals from Eclipse Sound, E. coli was detected in 8/50 (16%) samples and pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC and ExPEC/EPEC) in 5/50 (10%) samples. One seal from Eclipse Sound had an E. coli isolate resistant to beta-lactams. A monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium was recovered from 8/50 (16%) seals from Eclipse Sound. All Salmonella isolates were resistant to ampicillin, streptomycin, sulfisoxazole and tetracycline. L. monocytogenes was not detected in any sample. These findings suggest that seals may act as important sentinel species and as reservoirs or vectors for antimicrobial-resistant and virulent E. coli and Salmonella species. Further characterization of these isolates would provide additional insights into the source and spread of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes in these populations of free-living seals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E Saab
- Diagnostic Services, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada
| | - Ghyslaine Vanier
- WOAH Reference Laboratory for Escherichia coli, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Enooyaq Sudlovenick
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada
| | - Ashley Lora Powell
- Diagnostic Services, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada
| | | | - Gabriel Desmarais
- WOAH Reference Laboratory for Escherichia coli, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Catherine Anne Muckle
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada
| | - John Morris Fairbrother
- WOAH Reference Laboratory for Escherichia coli, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pierre-Yves Daoust
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada
- Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada
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de Lagarde M, Vanier G, Desmarais G, Kohan-Ghadr HR, Arsenault J, Fairbrother JM. A new multidrug-resistant enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli pulsed-field gel electrophoresis cluster associated with enrofloxacin non-susceptibility in diseased pigs. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 130:707-721. [PMID: 32767832 PMCID: PMC7984379 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Aims To describe the temporal trends in Escherichia coli pathotypes and antimicrobial resistance detected in isolates from diseased‐pig cases submitted to the EcL from 2008 to 2016, in Quebec, Canada, and to investigate the presence of spatiotemporal and phylogenetic clusters. Methods and Results Detection of 12 genes coding for virulence factors in pathogenic E. coli in pigs by PCR and antimicrobial resistance standard disc diffusion assay were performed. Demographic and clinical data were entered in the Animal Pathogenic and Zoonotic E. coli (APZEC) database. ETEC:F4 was the most prevalent pathovirotype among the 3773 cases submitted. The LT:STb:F4 virotype was predominant until 2014, then was overtaken by the LT:STb:STa:F4 virotype. More than 90% of the ETEC:F4 isolates were multidrug resistant. A spatiotemporal cluster of LT:STb:STa:F4 isolates non‐susceptible to enrofloxacin was detected between 4/2015 and 9/2016. Pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis analysis of 137 ETEC:F4 isolates revealed the presence of a cluster composed mainly of LT:STb:STa:F4 isolates non‐susceptible to enrofloxacin. Conclusions The APZEC database was useful to highlight temporal trends in E. coli pathotypes. A high‐risk ETEC:F4 clone might disseminate in the pig population in Quebec since 2015. Significance and Impact of the Study Surveillance is crucial to identify new clones and develop control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M de Lagarde
- OIE Reference Laboratory for Escherichia coli, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - G Vanier
- OIE Reference Laboratory for Escherichia coli, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - G Desmarais
- OIE Reference Laboratory for Escherichia coli, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - H-R Kohan-Ghadr
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - J Arsenault
- Swine and Poultry Infectious Research Center (CRIPA-FQRNT), and Groupe de recherche en épidémiologie des zoonoses et santé publique (GREZOSP), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - J M Fairbrother
- OIE Reference Laboratory for Escherichia coli, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.,Swine and Poultry Infectious Research Center (CRIPA-FQRNT), and Groupe de recherche en épidémiologie des zoonoses et santé publique (GREZOSP), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
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Henry A, Letellier A, Côté JC, Desmarais G, Lachapelle V, Bergeron N, Lewandowsky S, Fravalo P. Salmonella contamination in a network of 10 pig farms interconnected within the same cooperative. Vet Rec Open 2019; 6:e000269. [PMID: 31673371 PMCID: PMC6803009 DOI: 10.1136/vetreco-2017-000269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate whether pig farms interconnected within the same cooperative share similar Salmonella contamination patterns. Setting Ten finishing pig farms within a 100 km radius of a common slaughterhouse were selected. Their inclusion was based on their association to the same cooperative and the sharing of common resources: piglets, feed, swine transporters, slaughterhouse, technicians and veterinarians. Procedure Each farm was visited three times over a 10-month period. Pig faeces, the barn front door handle, the feed pipeline, mobile objects (shovel, balance and pig board), the landing stage, the concrete slab of the feed bins, the tire tracks left on the pathways by the animal feed truck, the pig delivery truck and the carcase knacker truck and the mudguards and cabin carpets of the veterinarian and technician vehicles on their arrival at the farm were all analysed for the presence of Salmonella. Results All farms were not equally contaminated with Salmonella. Whereas some farms yielded up to 12 Salmonella isolates, other farms were Salmonella free. Some locations, most notably the landing stage, were more contaminated than others. Salmonella contamination was dynamic in time. Some contaminations seen on farms, on specific locations on the first visit, had disappeared on the second and third visits, but new contaminations were detected on different locations. Conclusions Contamination with Salmonella was not disseminated through the network of the 10 pig farms interconnected within the same cooperative but was rather most often restricted in time to specific locations on specific farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Henry
- Pathologie et microbiologie, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ann Letellier
- Pathologie et microbiologie, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-Charles Côté
- Pathologie et microbiologie, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gabriel Desmarais
- Pathologie et microbiologie, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Virginie Lachapelle
- Pathologie et microbiologie, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nadia Bergeron
- Pathologie et microbiologie, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sylvette Lewandowsky
- Pathologie et microbiologie, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Philippe Fravalo
- Pathologie et microbiologie, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
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Ngeleka M, Godson D, Vanier G, Desmarais G, Wojnarowicz C, Sayi S, Huang Y, Movasseghi R, Fairbrother JM. Frequency of Escherichia coli virotypes in calf diarrhea and intestinal morphologic changes associated with these virotypes or other diarrheagenic pathogens. J Vet Diagn Invest 2019; 31:611-615. [PMID: 31184286 DOI: 10.1177/1040638719857783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Calf diarrhea is a common cause of pre-weaning morbidity and mortality in cattle operations. We evaluated the role of Escherichia coli by assessing the frequency of genes encoding virulence factors (virotypes) in E. coli from feces or intestinal contents, and the association of these virotypes or other diarrheagenic pathogens with intestinal morphologic changes in calves with or without diarrhea. E. coli was isolated from 408 feces and 105 intestines of calves with diarrhea and compared to those isolated from 635 feces and 100 intestines of calves without diarrhea, from 2002 to 2016. Virotype EAST1:F17, in combination with minor virotypes, was the most commonly detected type, but without differences in frequency between the 2 groups of calves. No significant intestinal morphologic changes were observed with the different E. coli virotypes in either group of calves, except for bacterial attachment to enterocytes for virotype STa:F5, which was detected only in calves with diarrhea. These observations suggest that E. coli, excluding virotype STa:F5, is not a significant diarrhea-causing agent in calves. However, the intestinal lesions observed in ~82% of calves with diarrhea were attributed to other diarrheagenic pathogens that include bovine coronavirus, Clostridium perfringens, Cryptosporidium spp., Eimeria spp., rotavirus, and Salmonella spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musangu Ngeleka
- Prairie Diagnostic Services, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada (Ngeleka, Godson, Wojnarowicz, Sayi, Huang, Movasseghi).,GREMIP, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada (Vanier, Desmarais, Fairbrother)
| | - Dale Godson
- Prairie Diagnostic Services, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada (Ngeleka, Godson, Wojnarowicz, Sayi, Huang, Movasseghi).,GREMIP, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada (Vanier, Desmarais, Fairbrother)
| | - Ghyslaine Vanier
- Prairie Diagnostic Services, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada (Ngeleka, Godson, Wojnarowicz, Sayi, Huang, Movasseghi).,GREMIP, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada (Vanier, Desmarais, Fairbrother)
| | - Gabriel Desmarais
- Prairie Diagnostic Services, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada (Ngeleka, Godson, Wojnarowicz, Sayi, Huang, Movasseghi).,GREMIP, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada (Vanier, Desmarais, Fairbrother)
| | - Chris Wojnarowicz
- Prairie Diagnostic Services, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada (Ngeleka, Godson, Wojnarowicz, Sayi, Huang, Movasseghi).,GREMIP, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada (Vanier, Desmarais, Fairbrother)
| | - Soraya Sayi
- Prairie Diagnostic Services, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada (Ngeleka, Godson, Wojnarowicz, Sayi, Huang, Movasseghi).,GREMIP, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada (Vanier, Desmarais, Fairbrother)
| | - Yanyun Huang
- Prairie Diagnostic Services, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada (Ngeleka, Godson, Wojnarowicz, Sayi, Huang, Movasseghi).,GREMIP, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada (Vanier, Desmarais, Fairbrother)
| | - Rambod Movasseghi
- Prairie Diagnostic Services, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada (Ngeleka, Godson, Wojnarowicz, Sayi, Huang, Movasseghi).,GREMIP, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada (Vanier, Desmarais, Fairbrother)
| | - John M Fairbrother
- Prairie Diagnostic Services, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada (Ngeleka, Godson, Wojnarowicz, Sayi, Huang, Movasseghi).,GREMIP, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada (Vanier, Desmarais, Fairbrother)
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Henry AE, Letellier A, Côté JC, Desmarais G, Lachapelle V, Bergeron N, Lewandowsky SL, Fravalo P. Overlooked sources of Salmonella contamination in the pig production network: Slaughterhouse yard pathways and mudguards and carpets from transport trucks. Can Vet J 2018; 59:1105-1108. [PMID: 30510317 PMCID: PMC6135273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This report describes various Salmonella serovars which were found on often overlooked locations in a pig farm/slaughterhouse interface. These include slaughterhouse yard pathways and mudguards and carpets of transport trucks arriving at and departing from production sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Elayiz Henry
- Chaire de recherche en salubrité des viandes, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S 2M2 (Henry, Letellier, Côté, Desmarais, Lachapelle, Bergeron, Lewandowsky, Fravalo); Agence Canadienne d'Inspection des Aliments, 3190 rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S 2M1 (Lachapelle)
| | - Ann Letellier
- Chaire de recherche en salubrité des viandes, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S 2M2 (Henry, Letellier, Côté, Desmarais, Lachapelle, Bergeron, Lewandowsky, Fravalo); Agence Canadienne d'Inspection des Aliments, 3190 rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S 2M1 (Lachapelle)
| | - Jean-Charles Côté
- Chaire de recherche en salubrité des viandes, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S 2M2 (Henry, Letellier, Côté, Desmarais, Lachapelle, Bergeron, Lewandowsky, Fravalo); Agence Canadienne d'Inspection des Aliments, 3190 rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S 2M1 (Lachapelle)
| | - Gabriel Desmarais
- Chaire de recherche en salubrité des viandes, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S 2M2 (Henry, Letellier, Côté, Desmarais, Lachapelle, Bergeron, Lewandowsky, Fravalo); Agence Canadienne d'Inspection des Aliments, 3190 rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S 2M1 (Lachapelle)
| | - Virginie Lachapelle
- Chaire de recherche en salubrité des viandes, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S 2M2 (Henry, Letellier, Côté, Desmarais, Lachapelle, Bergeron, Lewandowsky, Fravalo); Agence Canadienne d'Inspection des Aliments, 3190 rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S 2M1 (Lachapelle)
| | - Nadia Bergeron
- Chaire de recherche en salubrité des viandes, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S 2M2 (Henry, Letellier, Côté, Desmarais, Lachapelle, Bergeron, Lewandowsky, Fravalo); Agence Canadienne d'Inspection des Aliments, 3190 rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S 2M1 (Lachapelle)
| | - Sylvette L Lewandowsky
- Chaire de recherche en salubrité des viandes, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S 2M2 (Henry, Letellier, Côté, Desmarais, Lachapelle, Bergeron, Lewandowsky, Fravalo); Agence Canadienne d'Inspection des Aliments, 3190 rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S 2M1 (Lachapelle)
| | - Philippe Fravalo
- Chaire de recherche en salubrité des viandes, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S 2M2 (Henry, Letellier, Côté, Desmarais, Lachapelle, Bergeron, Lewandowsky, Fravalo); Agence Canadienne d'Inspection des Aliments, 3190 rue Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec J2S 2M1 (Lachapelle)
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Desmarais G, Hudson P, Richards E. The Relative Influences of Form and Action Information on Object Identification and Action Production. J Vis 2013. [DOI: 10.1167/13.9.756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Paquette B, Therriault H, Desmarais G, Wagner R, Royer R, Bujold R. Radiation-enhancement of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell invasion prevented by a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor. Br J Cancer 2011; 105:534-41. [PMID: 21792195 PMCID: PMC3170962 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2011.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/10/2011] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidences support that radiation can promote the invasion of cancer cells. As interactions between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells can have an important role in tumour progression, we determined whether an irradiation to fibroblasts can enhance the invasiveness of breast cancer cells. The role of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), an inflammatory enzyme frequently induced by radiotherapy, was investigated. METHODS Irradiated 3T3 fibroblasts were plated in the lower compartment of invasion chambers and used as chemoattractant for non-irradiated human breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231, which are oestrogen receptor negative (ER(-)) and the oestrogen receptor positive (ER(+)) MCF-7 cells. Stimulation of COX-2 expression in irradiated 3T3 cells was measured by a semi-quantitative qPCR and western blot. Capacity of the major product of COX-2, the prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2)), to stimulate the production of the matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and cancer cell invasion were assessed with a zymography gel and invasion chambers. RESULTS Irradiation (5 Gy) of 3T3 fibroblasts increased COX-2 expression and enhanced by 5.8-fold the invasiveness of non-irradiated MDA-MB-231 cells, while their migration was not modified. Addition of the COX-2 inhibitor NS-398 completely prevented radiation-enhancement of cancer cell invasion. Further supporting the potential role of COX-2, addition of PGE(2) has increased cancer cell invasion and release of MMP-2 from the MDA-MB-231 cells. This effect of radiation was dependant on the expression of membrane type 1 (MT1)-MMP, which is required to activate the MMP-2, but was not associated with the ER status. Although irradiated fibroblasts stimulated the invasiveness of MDA-MB-231 ER(-) cells, no enhancement was measured with the ER(+) cell line MCF-7. CONCLUSIONS Radiation-enhancement of breast cancer cell invasion induced by irradiated 3T3 fibroblasts is not dependant on the ER status, but rather the expression of MT1-MMP. This adverse effect of radiation can be prevented by a specific COX-2 inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Paquette
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada J1H 5N4.
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Crepeau F, Peter Scherzer B, Belleville S, Desmarais G. A Qualitative Analysis of Central Executive Disorders in a Real-life Work Situation. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/713755525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Charkravarti A, Wang M, Robins I, Guha A, Curren W, Brachman D, Schultz C, Choucair A, Dolled-Filhart M, Christiansen J, Gustavson M, Molinaro A, Mischel P, Lautenschlaeger T, Dicker A, Mehta M, Phillips CA, Dhulibala S, Hallahan D, Jaboin J, Cardinale FS, Dickey P, Goodrich I, Gorelick J, Sinha R, Dest VM, Chen C, Olsen C, Franklin W, Kleinschmidt-DeMasters B, Kavanagh BD, Lillehei K, Waziri A, Damek D, Gaspar LE, Stauder MC, Laack NN, Link MJ, Pollock BE, Schomberg PJ, Fraser JF, Pannullo SC, Moliterno J, Cobb W, Stieg PE, Vinchon-Petit S, Jarnet D, Michalak S, Lewis A, Benoit JP, Menei P, Desmarais G, Paquette B, Bujold R, Mathieu D, Fortin D, Cuneo KC, Vredenburgh JJ, Sampson JH, Reardon DA, Desjardins A, Peters KL, Kirkpatrick JP, Patel PN, Vyas R, Suryanarayan U, Bhavsar D, Mehta M, Hayhurst C, Monsalves E, Van Prooijen M, Menard C, Zadeh G, Chung C, Burrell K, Lindsey P, Menard C, Zadeh G, Burri SH, Asher AL, Kelly RB, Boltes P, Fraser RW, Dilmanian FA, Rusek A, Desnoyers NR, Park JY, Dane B, Dioszegi I, Hurley SD, O'Banion MK, Tomasi D, Wang R, Meek AG, Sleire L, Wang J, Heggdal J, Pedersen PH, Enger PO, Clump DA, Srinivas R, Wegner RE, Heron DE, Burton SA, Mintz AH, Howard SP, Robins HI, Tome WA, Paravati AJ, Heron DE, Gardner PA, Snyderman C, Ozhasoglu C, Quinn A, Burton SA, Seelman K, Seelman K, Mintz AH, Chang JH, Park YG, Mehta MJ, Patel PN, Vyas RK, Bhavsar DC, Guarnaschelli JN, Imwalle L, Ying J, McPherson C, Warnick R, Breneman J, Khwaja SS, Laack NN, Wetjen NM, Brown PD, Siedow M, Nestler U, Perry J, Huebner A, Chakravarti A, Lautenschlaeger T, Glass J, Andrews D, Werner-Wasik M, Evans J, Lawrence R, Martinez N, Anuradha G, David M, Sara M, Mark L, Ricardo B, Jeff J, Juan H, Kozono D, Zinn P, Ng K, Chen C, Melian E, Prabhu V, Sethi A, Barton K, Anderson D, Rockne RC, Mrugala M, Rockhill J, Swanson KR. Radiation Therapy. Neuro Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noq116.s15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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10
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Desmarais G, Fisher M, Nicol J. Reciprocal interference from sound and form information in stimulus identification. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/10.7.887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Desmarais G, Dixon M, Roy E. The impact of action similarity on visual object identification. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/7.9.923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Lau K, Roy E, Desmarais G. Effects of experience and amount of visual feedback when pointing to visible and remembered targets. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/8.6.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Desmarais G, Dixon M, Roy EA. Task characteristics modulate the impact of action similarity on visual object identification. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/8.6.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Dabbagh A, Desmarais G, Roy E, Dixon M. Comparing the impact of incorrect object identification on object use to the impact of incorrect action production on naming objects. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/8.6.617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Desmarais G, Dixon M, Myles K. Combined effects of semantic and visual proximity on visual object identification in Alzheimer 's disease and mild cognitive impairment. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/9.8.1052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Fauroux B, Leroux K, Desmarais G, Isabey D, Clement A, Lofaso F, Louis B. Performance of ventilators for noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation in children. Eur Respir J 2008; 31:1300-7. [DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00144807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Stamenova V, Almeida Q, Black S, Dixon M, Park N, Desmarais G, Roy E. Hemispheric differences in the production and recognition of gesture errors. Brain Cogn 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2006.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Bradley N, Roy E, Stamenova V, Black S, Park N, Dixon M, Desmarais G, Almeida Q. The role of vision in meaningless gesture imitation: Differences observed in right and left hemisphere stroke. Brain Cogn 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2006.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Braun CM, Montour-Proulx I, Daigneault S, Rouleau I, Kuehn S, Piskopos M, Desmarais G, Lussier F, Rainville C. Prevalence, and intellectual outcome of unilateral focal cortical brain damage as a function of age, sex and aetiology. Behav Neurol 2002; 13:105-16. [PMID: 12446950 PMCID: PMC5507119 DOI: 10.1155/2002/634764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurologists and neuropsychologists are aware that aging men are more at risk than women for brain damage, principally because of the well known male-predominant risk for cardiovascular disease and related cerebrovascular accidents. However, a disproportion in prevalence of brain damage between the sexes in childhood may be less suspected. Furthermore, sex-specific risk for other aetiologies of brain damage may be little known, whether in the pediatric or adult populations. Proposals of a sex difference in cognitive recovery from brain damage have also been controversial. Six hundred and thirty five "consecutive" cases with cortical focal lesions including cases of all ages and both sexes were reviewed. Aetiology of the lesion was determined for each case as was postlesion IQ. Risk was highly male prevalent in all age groups, with a predominance of cardiovascular aetiology explaining much of the adult male prevalence. However, several other aetiological categories were significantly male prevalent in juveniles (mitotic, traumatic, dysplasic) and adults (mitotic, traumatic). There was no sex difference in outcome (i.e., postlesion IQ) of these cortical brain lesions for the cohort as a whole, after statistical removal of the influence of lesion extent, aetiology and presence of epilepsy. Mechanisms potentially responsible for sex differences in prevalence, aetiology of brain damage, and recovery, are reviewed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Braun
- Université du Québec à Montréal, Centre de Neurosciences de la Cognition, and Département de Psychologie, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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Beauchemin MJ, Arguin M, Belleville S, Desmarais G. Alterations of the Task-Set Reconfiguration Process in Closed Head Injury Adolescents. Brain Cogn 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0278-2626(20)30191-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Diehl JL, Isabey D, Desmarais G, Brochard L, Harf A, Lofaso F. Physiological effects of alveolar, tracheal, and "standard" pressure supports. J Appl Physiol (1985) 1999; 87:428-37. [PMID: 10409604 DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1999.87.1.428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pressure support (PS) is characterized by a pressure plateau, which is usually generated at the ventilator level (PS(vent)). We have built a PS device in which the pressure plateau can be obtained at the upper airway level (PS(aw)) or at the alveolar level (PS(A)). The effect of these different PS modes was evaluated in seven healthy men during air breathing and 5% CO(2) breathing. Minute ventilation during air breathing was higher with PS(A) than with PS(aw) and lower with PS(vent) (16 +/- 3, 14 +/- 3, and 11 +/- 2 l/min, respectively). By contrast, there were no significant differences in minute ventilation during 5% CO(2) breathing (25 +/- 5, 27 +/- 7, and 23 +/- 5 l/min, respectively). The esophageal pressure-time product per minute was lower with PS(A) than with PS(aw) and PS(vent) during air breathing (29 +/- 26, 44 +/- 44, and 48 +/- 30 cmH(2)O. s, respectively) and 5% CO(2) breathing (97 +/- 40, 145 +/- 62, and 220 +/- 41 cmH(2)O. s, respectively). In conclusion, during PS, moving the inspiratory pressure plateau from the ventilator to the alveolar level reduces pressure output, particularly at high ventilation levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Diehl
- Service de Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité 492, Hôpital Henri Mondor, 94010 Créteil, France
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Fauroux B, Isabey D, Desmarais G, Brochard L, Harf A, Lofaso F. Nonchemical influence of inspiratory pressure support on inspiratory activity in humans. J Appl Physiol (1985) 1998; 85:2169-75. [PMID: 9843540 DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1998.85.6.2169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine whether nonchemical inhibition of respiratory activity occurs during inspiratory pressure support (IPS) ventilation (IPSV), respiratory motor output (in 9 subjects), obtained by calculating transdiaphragmatic pressure-time products, and central respiratory output (in 5 subjects), obtained by integrating the electromyographic activity of the diaphragm (EMGdi) during mechanical inspiratory time, EMGdi per minute, and electrical inspiratory time, as determined from onset to peak EMGdi, were compared during spontaneous ventilation (control) and IPSV with (IPS+CO2) and without (IPS) correction of hypocapnia. Both IPS and IPS+CO2 induced significant decreases in transdiaphragmatic pressure-time products (46 +/- 31 and 53 +/- 23%, respectively), EMGdi during mechanical inspiratory time (49 +/- 12 and 57 +/- 14%, respectively), EMGdi per minute (65 +/- 22 and 69 +/- 15%, respectively), and electrical inspiratory time (73 +/- 8 and 65 +/- 6%, respectively). Because correction of hypocapnia failed to eliminate the marked inhibition of both respiratory and central motor output seen with IPS, we conclude that nonchemical inhibition of respiratory activity occurs during IPSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fauroux
- Service de Physiologie, Explorations Fonctionnelles, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U 492, Hôpital Henri Mondor, 94010 Créteil, France
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Grunberg F, Moamai N, Desmarais G, Gagné E. [Psychiatric exam under court order apropos of patients who refuse to submit to a psychiatric exam]. Can J Psychiatry 1982; 27:204-7. [PMID: 7093872 DOI: 10.1177/070674378202700304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In this retrospective study 52 patients who had not committed any offence were examined against their will by Court order in the emergency department of a psychiatric hospital. They were compared with a control group of patients reflecting the usual clientele attending without compulsion the emergency department of the same hospital. This research reveals it is the immediate family rather than medico-social agencies that took the initiative in arranging the Court-ordered psychiatric examination. Such patients were no different than the usual patients seen in the emergency department as to age, sex, marital status and past psychiatric history. It was at the level of symptomatology and diagnosis that such patients differed from patients in the control group. The patients refusing to submit to a psychiatric examination not only were more agitated and aggressive, but they were more disorganized, more delusional, and had more hallucinations than the patients in the control group. They were in fact grossly psychotic patients with paranoid and manic features dominating the clinical picture. Our study demonstrated that as far as Montreal is concerned flagrant abuse of civil rights is far more the exception than the rule. Furthermore, if society had to abandon compulsory measures in some cases, it would be the seriously mentally ill who would suffer.
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