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Patel H, Minkah NK, Kumar S, Zanghi G, Schepis A, Goswami D, Armstrong J, Abatiyow BA, Betz W, Reynolds L, Camargo N, Sheikh AA, Kappe SHI. Malaria blood stage infection suppresses liver stage infection via host-induced interferons but not hepcidin. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2104. [PMID: 38453916 PMCID: PMC10920859 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46270-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Malaria-causing Plasmodium parasites first replicate as liver stages (LS), which then seed symptomatic blood stage (BS) infection. Emerging evidence suggests that these stages impact each other via perturbation of host responses, and this influences the outcome of natural infection. We sought to understand whether the parasite stage interplay would affect live-attenuated whole parasite vaccination, since the efficacy of whole parasite vaccines strongly correlates with their extend of development in the liver. We thus investigated the impact of BS infection on LS development of genetically attenuated and wildtype parasites in female rodent malaria models and observed that for both, LS infection suffered severe suppression during concurrent BS infection. Strikingly and in contrast to previously published studies, we find that the BS-induced iron-regulating hormone hepcidin is not mediating suppression of LS development. Instead, we demonstrate that BS-induced host interferons are the main mediators of LS developmental suppression. The type of interferon involved depended on the BS-causing parasite species. Our study provides important mechanistic insights into the BS-mediated suppression of LS development. This has direct implications for understanding the outcomes of live-attenuated Plasmodium parasite vaccination in malaria-endemic areas and might impact the epidemiology of natural malaria infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardik Patel
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nana K Minkah
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sudhir Kumar
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gigliola Zanghi
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Antonino Schepis
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Debashree Goswami
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Janna Armstrong
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Biley A Abatiyow
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Will Betz
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Laura Reynolds
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nelly Camargo
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Amina A Sheikh
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stefan H I Kappe
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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2
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Zanghi G, Patel H, Camargo N, Smith JL, Bae Y, Flannery EL, Chuenchob V, Fishbaugher ME, Mikolajczak SA, Roobsoong W, Sattabongkot J, Hayes K, Vaughan AM, Kappe SHI. Global gene expression of human malaria parasite liver stages throughout intrahepatocytic development. bioRxiv 2023:2023.01.05.522945. [PMID: 36711670 PMCID: PMC9881933 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.05.522945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) is causing the greatest malaria burden, yet the liver stages (LS) of this most important parasite species have remained poorly studied. Here, we used a human liver-chimeric mouse model in combination with a novel fluorescent PfNF54 parasite line (PfNF54cspGFP) to isolate PfLS-infected hepatocytes and generate transcriptomes that cover the major LS developmental phases in human hepatocytes. RNA-seq analysis of early Pf LS trophozoites two days after infection, revealed a central role of translational regulation in the transformation of the extracellular invasive sporozoite into intracellular LS. The developmental time course gene expression analysis indicated that fatty acid biosynthesis, isoprenoid biosynthesis and iron metabolism are sustaining LS development along with amino acid metabolism and biosynthesis. Countering oxidative stress appears to play an important role during intrahepatic LS development. Furthermore, we observed expression of the variant PfEMP1 antigen-encoding var genes, and we confirmed expression of PfEMP1 protein during LS development. Transcriptome comparison of the late Pf liver stage schizonts with P. vivax (Pv) late liver stages revealed highly conserved gene expression profiles among orthologous genes. A notable difference however was the expression of genes regulating sexual stage commitment. While Pv schizonts expressed markers of sexual commitment, the Pf LS parasites were not sexually committed and showed expression of gametocytogenesis repression factors. Our results provide the first comprehensive gene expression profile of the human malaria parasite Pf LS isolated during in vivo intrahepatocytic development. This data will inform biological studies and the search for effective intervention strategies that can prevent infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gigliola Zanghi
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Hardik Patel
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Nelly Camargo
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jenny L. Smith
- Research Scientific Computing, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Yeji Bae
- Research Scientific Computing, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Erika L. Flannery
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases, Emeryville, CA, United State
| | - Vorada Chuenchob
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases, Emeryville, CA, United State
| | - Matthew E. Fishbaugher
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases, Emeryville, CA, United State
| | - Sebastian A Mikolajczak
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases, Emeryville, CA, United State
| | - Wanlapa Roobsoong
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Jetsumon Sattabongkot
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Kiera Hayes
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Ashley M. Vaughan
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Stefan H. I. Kappe
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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3
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Gualdrón-López M, Díaz-Varela M, Zanghi G, Aparici-Herraiz I, Steel RW, Schäfer C, Cuscó P, Chuenchob V, Kangwangransan N, Billman ZP, Olsen TM, González JR, Roobsoong W, Sattabongkot J, Murphy SC, Mikolajczak SA, Borràs E, Sabidó E, Fernandez-Becerra C, Flannery EL, Kappe SH, del Portillo HA. Mass Spectrometry Identification of Biomarkers in Extracellular Vesicles From Plasmodium vivax Liver Hypnozoite Infections. Mol Cell Proteomics 2022; 21:100406. [PMID: 36030044 PMCID: PMC9520272 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2022.100406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Latent liver stages termed hypnozoites cause relapsing Plasmodium vivax malaria infection and represent a major obstacle in the goal of malaria elimination. Hypnozoites are clinically undetectable, and presently, there are no biomarkers of this persistent parasite reservoir in the human liver. Here, we have identified parasite and human proteins associated with extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted from in vivo infections exclusively containing hypnozoites. We used P. vivax-infected human liver-chimeric (huHEP) FRG KO mice treated with the schizonticidal experimental drug MMV048 as hypnozoite infection model. Immunofluorescence-based quantification of P. vivax liver forms showed that MMV048 removed schizonts from chimeric mice livers. Proteomic analysis of EVs derived from FRG huHEP mice showed that human EV cargo from infected FRG huHEP mice contain inflammation markers associated with active schizont replication and identified 66 P. vivax proteins. To identify hypnozoite-specific proteins associated with EVs, we mined the proteome data from MMV048-treated mice and performed an analysis involving intragroup and intergroup comparisons across all experimental conditions followed by a peptide compatibility analysis with predicted spectra to warrant robust identification. Only one protein fulfilled this stringent top-down selection, a putative filamin domain-containing protein. This study sets the stage to unveil biological features of human liver infections and identify biomarkers of hypnozoite infection associated with EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melisa Gualdrón-López
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain,IGTP, Institute for Health Sciences Trias I Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Díaz-Varela
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain,IGTP, Institute for Health Sciences Trias I Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gigliola Zanghi
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Iris Aparici-Herraiz
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain,IGTP, Institute for Health Sciences Trias I Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ryan W.J. Steel
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Carola Schäfer
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Pol Cuscó
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vorada Chuenchob
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Niwat Kangwangransan
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Zachary P. Billman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Tayla M. Olsen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Juan R. González
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wanlapa Roobsoong
- MVRU, Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Sean C. Murphy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sebastian A. Mikolajczak
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Eva Borràs
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Sabidó
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Fernandez-Becerra
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain,IGTP, Institute for Health Sciences Trias I Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Erika L. Flannery
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Stefan H.I. Kappe
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Hernando A. del Portillo
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain,IGTP, Institute for Health Sciences Trias I Pujol, Barcelona, Spain,ICREA, Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Barcelona, Spain,For correspondence: Hernando A. del Portillo
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4
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Zanghi G, Vaughan AM. Plasmodium vivax pre-erythrocytic stages and the latent hypnozoite. Parasitol Int 2021; 85:102447. [PMID: 34474178 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2021.102447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodium vivax is the most geographically widespread malaria parasite on the planet. This is largely because after mosquito transmission, P. vivax sporozoites can invade hepatocytes and form latent liver stages known as hypnozoites. These persistent liver stages can activate weeks, months or even years after an infected individual suffers a primary clinical infection. Activation then leads to replication and liver stage schizont maturation that ultimately cause relapse of blood stage infection, disease, and onward transmission. Thus, the latent hypnozoite can lie in wait during times when onward transmission is unlikely due to conditions that do not favor the mosquito. For example, in temperate climates where mosquito prevalence is only seasonal. Furthermore, the elimination of hypnozoites is challenging since the hypnozoite reservoir is currently undetectable and not killed by most antimalarial drugs. Here, we review our current knowledge of the pre-erythrocytic stages of the malaria parasite - the sporozoite and liver stages, including the elusive and enigmatic hypnozoite. We focus on our understanding of sporozoite biology, the novel animal models that are available to study the hypnozoite and hypnozoite activation and the ongoing efforts to understand the biological makeup of the hypnozoite that allow for its persistence in the human host.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashley M Vaughan
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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5
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Schäfer C, Zanghi G, Vaughan AM, Kappe SHI. Plasmodium vivax Latent Liver Stage Infection and Relapse: Biological Insights and New Experimental Tools. Annu Rev Microbiol 2021; 75:87-106. [PMID: 34196569 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-032421-061155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Plasmodium vivax is the most widespread human malaria parasite, in part because it can form latent liver stages known as hypnozoites after transmission by female anopheline mosquitoes to human hosts. These persistent stages can activate weeks, months, or even years after the primary clinical infection; replicate; and initiate relapses of blood stage infection, which causes disease and recurring transmission. Eliminating hypnozoites is a substantial obstacle for malaria treatment and eradication since the hypnozoite reservoir is undetectable and unaffected by most antimalarial drugs. Importantly, in some parts of the globe where P. vivax malaria is endemic, as many as 90% of P. vivax blood stage infections are thought to be relapses rather than primary infections, rendering the hypnozoite a major driver of P. vivax epidemiology. Here, we review the biology of the hypnozoite and recent discoveries concerning this enigmatic parasite stage. We discuss treatment and prevention challenges, novel animal models to study hypnozoites and relapse, and hypotheses related to hypnozoite formation and activation. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Microbiology, Volume 75 is October 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carola Schäfer
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA; , , ,
| | - Gigliola Zanghi
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA; , , ,
| | - Ashley M Vaughan
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA; , , , .,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105, USA
| | - Stefan H I Kappe
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA; , , , .,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105, USA.,Deparment of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
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6
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Pierrot C, Zhang X, Zanghi G, Fréville A, Rebollo A, Khalife J. Peptides derived from Plasmodium falciparum leucine-rich repeat 1 bind to serine/threonine phosphatase type 1 and inhibit parasite growth in vitro. Drug Des Devel Ther 2018; 12:85-88. [PMID: 29386885 PMCID: PMC5765974 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s153095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Pierrot
- Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille Cedex
| | | | | | - Aline Fréville
- Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille Cedex
| | | | - Jamal Khalife
- Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille Cedex
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7
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Cubi R, Vembar SS, Biton A, Franetich J, Bordessoulles M, Sossau D, Zanghi G, Bosson‐Vanga H, Benard M, Moreno A, Dereuddre‐Bosquet N, Le Grand R, Scherf A, Mazier D. Laser capture microdissection enables transcriptomic analysis of dividing and quiescent liver stages of Plasmodium relapsing species. Cell Microbiol 2017; 19:e12735. [PMID: 28256794 PMCID: PMC5516136 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Dormant liver stage forms (hypnozoites) of the malaria parasite Plasmodium vivax present major hurdles to control and eradicate infection. Despite major research efforts, the molecular composition of hypnozoites remains ill defined. Here, we applied a combination of state-of-the-art technologies to generate the first transcriptome of hypnozoites. We developed a robust laser dissection microscopy protocol to isolate individual Plasmodium cynomolgi hypnozoites and schizonts from infected monkey hepatocytes and optimized RNA-seq analysis to obtain the first transcriptomes of these stages. Comparative transcriptomic analysis identified 120 transcripts as being differentially expressed in the hypnozoite stage relative to the dividing liver schizont, with 69 and 51 mRNAs being up- or down-regulated, respectively, in the hypnozoites. This lead to the identification of potential markers of commitment to and maintenance of the dormant state of the hypnozoite including three transcriptional regulators of the ApiAP2 family, one of which is unique to P. cynomolgi and P. vivax, and the global translational repressor, eIF2a kinase eIK2, all of which are upregulated in the hypnozoite. Together, this work not only provides a primary experimentally-derived list of molecular markers of hypnozoites but also identifies transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression as potentially being key to establishing and maintaining quiescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Cubi
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, CNRS ERL8255, INSERM U1135Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06ParisFrance
| | - Shruthi S. Vembar
- Unité Biologie des Interactions Hôte‐Parasite—Institut PasteurParisFrance
- CNRS ERL 9195ParisFrance
- INSERM U1201ParisFrance
| | - Anne Biton
- Centre de BioinformatiqueBiostatistique et Biologie Intégrative (C3BI, USR 3756 Institut Pasteur et CNRS)ParisFrance
| | - Jean‐Francois Franetich
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, CNRS ERL8255, INSERM U1135Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06ParisFrance
| | - Mallaury Bordessoulles
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, CNRS ERL8255, INSERM U1135Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06ParisFrance
| | - Daniel Sossau
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, CNRS ERL8255, INSERM U1135Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06ParisFrance
- Department of DermatologyEberhard Karls UniversityTübingenGermany
| | - Gigliola Zanghi
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, CNRS ERL8255, INSERM U1135Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06ParisFrance
| | - Henriette Bosson‐Vanga
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, CNRS ERL8255, INSERM U1135Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06ParisFrance
| | | | - Alicia Moreno
- AP‐HP, Hôpital St. AntoineService de Parasitologie‐Mycologie75012ParisFrance
| | - Nathalie Dereuddre‐Bosquet
- Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune DiseasesCEA—Université Paris Sud 1—INSERM U1184Fontenay‐aux‐RosesFrance
| | - Roger Le Grand
- Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune DiseasesCEA—Université Paris Sud 1—INSERM U1184Fontenay‐aux‐RosesFrance
| | - Artur Scherf
- Unité Biologie des Interactions Hôte‐Parasite—Institut PasteurParisFrance
- CNRS ERL 9195ParisFrance
- INSERM U1201ParisFrance
| | - Dominique Mazier
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, CNRS ERL8255, INSERM U1135Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06ParisFrance
- AP‐HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié‐Salpêtrière, Service Parasitologie‐MycologieParisFrance
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8
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Soulard V, Bosson-Vanga H, Lorthiois A, Roucher C, Franetich JF, Zanghi G, Bordessoulles M, Tefit M, Thellier M, Morosan S, Le Naour G, Capron F, Suemizu H, Snounou G, Moreno-Sabater A, Mazier D. Plasmodium falciparum full life cycle and Plasmodium ovale liver stages in humanized mice. Nat Commun 2015. [PMID: 26205537 PMCID: PMC4525212 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Experimental studies of Plasmodium parasites that infect humans are restricted by their host specificity. Humanized mice offer a means to overcome this and further provide the opportunity to observe the parasites in vivo. Here we improve on previous protocols to achieve efficient double engraftment of TK-NOG mice by human primary hepatocytes and red blood cells. Thus, we obtain the complete hepatic development of P. falciparum, the transition to the erythrocytic stages, their subsequent multiplication, and the appearance of mature gametocytes over an extended period of observation. Furthermore, using sporozoites derived from two P. ovale-infected patients, we show that human hepatocytes engrafted in TK-NOG mice sustain maturation of the liver stages, and the presence of late-developing schizonts indicate the eventual activation of quiescent parasites. Thus, TK-NOG mice are highly suited for in vivo observations on the Plasmodium species of humans. Mice engrafted with human cells are useful models for research on human malaria parasites. Here the authors show that the complete life cycle of Plasmodium falciparum and the liver stages of Plasmodium ovale can be studied in mice doubly engrafted with human primary hepatocytes and red blood cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Soulard
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France [2] INSERM, U1135, CIMI-PARIS, 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France [3] CNRS, ERL 8255, CIMI-PARIS, 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Henriette Bosson-Vanga
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France [2] INSERM, U1135, CIMI-PARIS, 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France [3] CNRS, ERL 8255, CIMI-PARIS, 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France [4] Université FHB, UFR SPB, Departement de Parasitologie-Mycologie, BP V 34 Abidjan, Ivory Coast
| | - Audrey Lorthiois
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France [2] INSERM, U1135, CIMI-PARIS, 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France [3] CNRS, ERL 8255, CIMI-PARIS, 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Clémentine Roucher
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France [2] INSERM, U1135, CIMI-PARIS, 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France [3] CNRS, ERL 8255, CIMI-PARIS, 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Franetich
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France [2] INSERM, U1135, CIMI-PARIS, 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France [3] CNRS, ERL 8255, CIMI-PARIS, 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Gigliola Zanghi
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France [2] INSERM, U1135, CIMI-PARIS, 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France [3] CNRS, ERL 8255, CIMI-PARIS, 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Mallaury Bordessoulles
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France [2] INSERM, U1135, CIMI-PARIS, 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France [3] CNRS, ERL 8255, CIMI-PARIS, 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Maurel Tefit
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France [2] INSERM, U1135, CIMI-PARIS, 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France [3] CNRS, ERL 8255, CIMI-PARIS, 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Marc Thellier
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, 83 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Serban Morosan
- UPMC Univ. Paris 06, INSERM, UMS28, 105 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Gilles Le Naour
- AP-HP, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service d'anatomie et cytologie pathologiques, 83 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Frédérique Capron
- AP-HP, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service d'anatomie et cytologie pathologiques, 83 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Hiroshi Suemizu
- Central Institute for Experimental Animal, Kawasaki, Kanegawa, Japan
| | - Georges Snounou
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France [2] INSERM, U1135, CIMI-PARIS, 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France [3] CNRS, ERL 8255, CIMI-PARIS, 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Alicia Moreno-Sabater
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France [2] INSERM, U1135, CIMI-PARIS, 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France [3] CNRS, ERL 8255, CIMI-PARIS, 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Dominique Mazier
- 1] Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CR7, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France [2] INSERM, U1135, CIMI-PARIS, 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France [3] CNRS, ERL 8255, CIMI-PARIS, 91 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France [4] AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service Parasitologie-Mycologie, Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, 83 Bd de l'hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France
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9
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Munier-Lehmann H, Lucas-Hourani M, Guillou S, Helynck O, Zanghi G, Noel A, Tangy F, Vidalain PO, Janin YL. Original 2-(3-alkoxy-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyrimidine derivatives as inhibitors of human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH). J Med Chem 2015; 58:860-77. [PMID: 25558988 DOI: 10.1021/jm501446r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
From a research program aimed at the design of new chemical entities followed by extensive screening on various models of infectious diseases, an original series of 2-(3-alkoxy-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyrimidines endowed with notable antiviral properties were found. Using a whole cell measles virus replication assay, we describe here some aspects of the iterative process that, from 2-(4-benzyl-3-ethoxy-5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyrimidine, led to 2-(4-(2,6-difluorophenoxy)-3-isopropoxy-5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-5-ethylpyrimidine and a 4000-fold improvement of antiviral activity with a subnanomolar level of inhibition. Moreover, recent precedents in the literature describing antiviral derivatives acting at the level of the de novo pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway led us to determine that the mode of action of this series is based on the inhibition of the cellular dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), the fourth enzyme of this pathway. Biochemical studies with recombinant human DHODH led us to measure IC50 as low as 13 nM for the best example of this original series when using 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-1,4-benzoquinone (coenzyme Q1) as a surrogate for coenzyme Q10, the cofactor of this enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Munier-Lehmann
- Unité de Chimie et Biocatalyse, Département de Biologie Structurale et Chimie, Institut Pasteur , 28 Rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
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10
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Biondi A, Tropea A, Monaco G, Musmeci N, Zanghi G, Basile F. [Complications in the laparoscopic treatment of primary and secondary hernias of the abdominal wall]. Ann Ital Chir 2010; 81:193-198. [PMID: 21105482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hernia is a common problem in general surgery practice. Incisional hernia can develop in 15-25% patients after abdominal surgery. The aim of this study is to evaluate the complications of hernia surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of database of surgery department from January 2003 to April 2009 has involved 84 patients who were treated in laparoscopy at the General Surgery and Oncology Department of Catania University. Sixty-three cases were incisional hernia, 21 primitive ventral hernia. In 51 cases (64.5%) the Dual Mesh were applied and in 28 (35.4%) the Bard Composix Mesh. Postoperatory complications were classified in early and late ones, respectively according to their occurrence before or after 30 days from surgery. Clinical follow ups were performed at one month and thereafter at quarterly intervals for the first year and then annually. RESULTS Among the early complications we found that patients treated with the Dual Mesh had an incidence of seroma, 8.9% versus 7.8% if compared to those treated with the Bard Composix. Insignificant was the impact of other early complications related to both types of mesh. Some influence in the onset of complications is BMI, in fact the average of complicated cases were 29.5%, while uncomplicated ones were lower: 25 (p < 0.05). DISCUSSION In our study we looked at early and late complications that can follow laparoscopic treatment of the parietal defects. We have not found statistically significant differences between the two types of implants, which are nevertheless among the early seroma complications which are found to be more frequent in cases treated with the Dual Mesh. CONCLUSION During this study we observed a higher incidence of seroma and recurrence in cases treated with Dual Mesh in agreement with data reported in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Biondi
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Vittorio Emanuele--Ferrarotto--S. Bambino, Catania
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11
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Benfatto G, Catania G, D'Antoni S, Zanghi G, Licari V, Tenaglia L, Giovinetto R, Fancello R, Cannata I, Giovinetto A. [Gastric lymphomas: surgical indications]. G Chir 2003; 24:393-8. [PMID: 15018405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Primary gastric lymphoma (PGL) are lymphomas with an exclusive gastric localization. Histologically they are B-like non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Aim of Authors' study is to define the role of surgery in the treatment of PGL, on the basis of their series casistics and a review of the more recent literature data. The Authors observed 41 patients (23 F and 18 M) in a period of 10 years: 35 patients underwent to surgical operation associated in 18 of them to chemotherapic treatment; in 6 cases medical eradication of Helicobacter Pylori (H.P.) was performed as unique treatment. Antibiothic treatment allows the eradication of H.P. in 97% of the patients and a histologic decreasing of MALT lymphoma in 70% of the patients in about 6 months. That represents the first therapeutic choice for the low grade of malignancy MALT PGL at I and II stages. In the cases of partial decreasing or progression of PGL, the Authors consider opportune surgical operation. In the majority of the cases the surgical option represents, according to our advise, the best choice for the high percentage of definitive recoveries, allowing a 10 or more years of surviving of the 90%, if it is done in the first stages of the disease. The results of the association with neoadjuvant or aduvant chemotherapy are still controversial. On the basis of their experience total gastrectomy can be considered the elective choice operation, with IID level lymphadenectomy and possible splenectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Benfatto
- Università degli Studi di Catania, Dipartimento di Chirurgia
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12
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Benfatto G, Zanghi G, Catalano F, Benfatto S, Licari V, Basile GP, Tenaglia L, Fancello R, Catania G. [The use of drainage in the "per primam" treatment of recurrent pilonidal cysts]. G Chir 2003; 24:205-8. [PMID: 12945175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Recurrent pilonidal sinus treatment is still controversial, as more and more frequently methods used determine unpleasant discomforts to the patients ("open" method) or increase recurrences rate. According to this consideration, the Authors have made a review of their cases (27 patients with recurrences), selected by standardized criteria and treated by "en bloc" excision of all pathologic tissue and following closure "per primam" of the wound, previously placing an aspirative drainage, then removed after 2 or 3 days. Ordinary use of the drainage, antibiotic prophylaxis extended to postoperative sixth or seventh day and daily careful disinfection of the wound and surrounding skin until suture removal got them excellent results.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Benfatto
- Cattedra di Chirurgia Geriatrica, Università degli Studi di Catania
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13
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Benfatto G, Zanghi G, Altadonna V, Licari V, Tenaglia L, Scilletta S, Catania G. [Surgical treatment of hemorrhoids in day-surgery]. G Chir 2002; 23:275-8. [PMID: 12422785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
The Authors report their own experience with day-surgery treatment of haemorrhoids and underline the advantages in terms of patients' compliance and reduction of the sanitary management in order to the cost that this way suggests. The serie here reported includes 72 patients treated, by two years, with day-surgery haemorrhoidectomy. Here are indicated criteria of selection of the patients, related to the state of the illness, association of other pathologies and social factors. All the patients, moreover, have been treated according to a scheme that generally includes: a careful preoperatory valuation, local anaesthesia, standardized surgical method (Milligan-Morgan intervention), dimission few hours after the operation, control of the patients at their own home. The results obtained, careful examinted through an objective valuation (complications, relapses, time or reability) and subjective one (index of satisfaction of the patients), can be considered extremely positive.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Benfatto
- Dipartimento di Chirurgia, Sezione di Chirurgia Generale ed Oncologica, Università degli Studi di Catania
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