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Di Lernia D, Finotti G, Tsakiris M, Riva G, Naber M. Remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) in the wild: Remote heart rate imaging via online webcams. Behav Res Methods 2024:10.3758/s13428-024-02398-0. [PMID: 38632165 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-024-02398-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) is a low-cost technique to measure physiological parameters such as heart rate by analyzing videos of a person. There has been growing attention to this technique due to the increased possibilities and demand for running psychological experiments on online platforms. Technological advancements in commercially available cameras and video processing algorithms have led to significant progress in this field. However, despite these advancements, past research indicates that suboptimal video recording conditions can severely compromise the accuracy of rPPG. In this study, we aimed to develop an open-source rPPG methodology and test its performance on videos collected via an online platform, without control of the hardware of the participants and the contextual variables, such as illumination, distance, and motion. Across two experiments, we compared the results of the rPPG extraction methodology to a validated dataset used for rPPG testing. Furthermore, we then collected 231 online video recordings and compared the results of the rPPG extraction to finger pulse oximeter data acquired with a validated mobile heart rate application. Results indicated that the rPPG algorithm was highly accurate, showing a significant degree of convergence with both datasets thus providing an improved tool for recording and analyzing heart rate in online experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Di Lernia
- Humane Technology Lab, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Gemelli, 1, 20100, Milan, Italy.
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Via Magnasco, 2, 20149, Milan, Italy.
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Gemelli, 1, 20100, Milan, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Finotti
- Lab of Action and Body, Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham Hill, Egham, TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Manos Tsakiris
- Lab of Action and Body, Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham Hill, Egham, TW20 0EX, UK
- Centre for the Politics of Feelings, School of Advanced Study, University of London, London, UK
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Humane Technology Lab, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Gemelli, 1, 20100, Milan, Italy
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Via Magnasco, 2, 20149, Milan, Italy
| | - Marnix Naber
- Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Serino S, Di Lernia D, Magni G, Manenti P, De Gasperi S, Riva G, Repetto C. Egocentric and Allocentric Spatial Memory for Body Parts: A Virtual Reality Study. J Cogn 2024; 7:33. [PMID: 38638460 PMCID: PMC11025578 DOI: 10.5334/joc.357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Extensive literature elucidated the mechanisms underlying the ability to memorize the positions of objects in space. However, less is known about the impact that objects' features have on spatial memory. The present study aims to investigate differences in egocentric and allocentric object-location memory between hand stimuli depicted in a first-person perspective (1PP) or in a third-person one (3PP). Fifty-two adults encoded spatial positions within a virtual museum environment featuring four square buildings. Each of these buildings featured eight paintings positioned along the walls, with two pictures displayed on each of the four walls. Thirty-two stimuli were employed, which represented pictures of the right hand performing various types of gestures. Half of the stimuli depicted the hand in the 1PP, while the other half depicted the hand in the 3PP. Both free and guided explorations served as encoding conditions. Immediately after that, participants underwent a two-step object-location memory task. Participants were provided with a map of the museum and asked to identify the correct building where the image was located (allocentric memory). Then, they were presented with a schematic representation of the exhibition room divided into four sections and instructed to select the section where they thought the picture was located (egocentric memory). Our findings indicate a memory performance boost associated with egocentric recall, regardless of the perspective of the bodily stimuli. The results are discussed considering the emerging literature on the mnemonic properties of body-related stimuli for spatial memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Serino
- Department of Psychology, Universitàdegli Studi Milano –Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Di Lernia
- Humane Technology Lab, UniversitàCattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Magni
- Faculty of Psychology, UniversitàCattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Manenti
- Faculty of Psychology, UniversitàCattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano De Gasperi
- Humane Technology Lab, UniversitàCattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
- Department of Computer Science, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Humane Technology Lab, UniversitàCattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
- Applied Technology for Neuro Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Repetto
- Department of Psychology, UniversitàCattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
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Cerasa A, Gaggioli A, Pioggia G, Riva G. Metaverse in Mental Health: The Beginning of a Long History. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2024:10.1007/s11920-024-01501-8. [PMID: 38602624 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-024-01501-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We review the first pilot studies applying metaverse-related technologies in psychiatric patients and discuss the rationale for using this complex federation of technologies to treat mental diseases. Concerning previous virtual-reality applications in medical care, metaverse technologies provide the unique opportunity to define, control, and shape virtual scenarios shared by multi-users to exploit the "synchronized brains" potential exacerbated by social interactions. RECENT FINDINGS The application of an avatar-based sexual therapy program conducted on a metaverse platform has been demonstrated to be more effective concerning traditional sexual coaching for treating female orgasm disorders. Again, a metaverse-based social skills training program has been tested on children with autism spectrum disorders, demonstrating a significant impact on social interaction abilities. Metaverse-related technologies could enable us to develop new reliable approaches for treating diseases where behavioral symptoms can be addressed using socio-attentive tasks and social-interaction strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Cerasa
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, IRIB-CNR, 98164, Messina, Italy.
- S. Anna Institute, 88900, Crotone, Italy.
- Pharmacotechnology Documentation and Transfer Unit, Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Health Science and Nutrition, University of Calabria, 87036, Arcavacata, Italy.
| | - Andrea Gaggioli
- Research Center in Communication Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pioggia
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, IRIB-CNR, 98164, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.
- Humane Technology Lab, Catholic University of Milan, Largo Gemelli 1, 20123, Milan, Italy.
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Brizzi G, Riva G, Romano D. The Body Image Virtual Reality Assessment (BIVRA): Measuring the body representation through virtual reality. J Neuropsychol 2024. [PMID: 38576316 DOI: 10.1111/jnp.12366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Our physical and psychological well-being is significantly influenced by how we perceive our body, in addition to our thoughts and emotions associated with it. Dysfunctional body perceptions and attitudes play a key role in the development and maintenance of severe conditions such as eating disorders in both males and females. Given its relevance, some attempts have been made to improve body image assessment methods in terms of perceptual accuracy and body satisfaction taking advantage of technological advances such as virtual reality. However, existing applications have mainly focused on women and clinical conditions. In this study, we presented the Body Image Virtual Reality Assessment (BIVRA), a virtual reality figure rating scale to assess body image in both male and female subjects. We tested BIVRA's ability to measure perceptual accuracy and compared its results with a standardized body satisfaction questionnaire. Additionally, we investigated gender differences. BIVRA was found to be effective in assessing body image. We observed that a perceptually based task successfully captured both low and high levels of body representations, shedding light on the significant gender differences. The association between BIVRA and the body satisfaction questionnaires was moderated by gender, with a stronger association for women. While further validation of BIVRA is needed to fully exploit its potential, our results suggest that the integration of virtual reality into the assessment of body image and related disorders may significantly enhance our understanding of individuals struggling with body image issues and has the potential to advance current methods and techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Brizzi
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Romano
- Department of Psychology and MIBTEC: Mind and Behavior Technological Center, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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Pizzoli SFM, Rabarbari E, Scerrati E, Riva G. Enhancing Emotion Regulation Through Arousal Modulation with Modal and Amodal Virtual Food Representations. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2024; 27:294-296. [PMID: 38652898 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2024.92201.ceu] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Francesca Maria Pizzoli
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Rabarbari
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Scerrati
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
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Canale A, Urbanelli A, Albera R, Gragnano M, Bordino V, Riva G, Sportoletti Baduel E, Albera A. Binaural hearing in monaural conductive or mixed hearing loss fitted with unilateral Bonebridge. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 2024; 44:113-119. [PMID: 38651553 DOI: 10.14639/0392-100x-n2752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Objective To determine the benefits of binaural hearing rehabilitation in patients with monaural conductive or mixed hearing loss treated with a unilateral bone conduction implant (BCI). Methods This monocentric study includes 7 patients with monaural conductive or mixed hearing loss who underwent surgical implantation of a unilateral BCI (Bonebridge, Med-El). An ITA Matrix test was performed by each patient included in the study - without and with the BCI and in three different settings - to determine the summation effect, squelch effect and head shadow effect. Subjective hearing benefits were assessed using the Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit (APHAB) questionnaire. Results The difference in signal to noise ratio of patients without and with BCI was 0.79 dB in the summation setting (p < 0.05), 4.62 dB in the head shadow setting (p < 0.05) and 1.53 dB (p = 0.063) in the squelch setting. The APHAB questionnaire revealed a subjective discomfort in the presence of unexpected sounds in patients using a unilateral BCI (aversiveness score) compared to the same environmental situations without BCI, with a mean discomfort score of 69.00% (SD ± 21.24%) with monaural BCI versus 25.67% (SD ± 16.70%) without BCI (difference: -43.33%, p < 0.05). In terms of global score, patients wearing a unilateral Bonebridge implant did not show any significant differences compared to those without hearing aid (difference: -4.00%, p = 0.310). Conclusions Our study shows that the use of a unilateral BCI in patients affected by monaural conductive or mixed hearing loss can improve speech perception under noise conditions due to the summation effect and to the decrease of the head shadow effect. However, since monaural BCIs might lead to discomfort under noise conditions in some subjects, a pre-operative assessment of the possible individual benefit of a monaural BCI should be carried out in patients affected by unilateral conductive or mixed hearing loss in order to investigate the possible additional effect of the fitting of hearing aids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Canale
- ENT Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Anastasia Urbanelli
- ENT Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberto Albera
- ENT Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Gragnano
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Paediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Valerio Bordino
- ENT Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- ENT Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Albera
- ENT Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Albano C, Biolatti M, Mazibrada J, Pasquero S, Gugliesi F, Lo Cigno I, Calati F, Bajetto G, Riva G, Griffante G, Landolfo S, Gariglio M, De Andrea M, Dell’Oste V. PAD-mediated citrullination is a novel candidate diagnostic marker and druggable target for HPV-associated cervical cancer. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1359367. [PMID: 38529474 PMCID: PMC10961408 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1359367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Citrullination is an emerging post-translational modification catalyzed by peptidyl-arginine deiminases (PADs) that convert peptidyl-arginine into peptidyl-citrulline. In humans, the PAD family consists of five isozymes (PADs 1-4, 6) involved in multiple diseases, including cancer. Given that high-risk (hr) human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the etiological agents of cervical cancer, in this study, we sought to determine whether PAD-mediated protein citrullination would play a functional role in the HPV-driven transformation of epithelial cells. Here we show that both total protein citrullination and PAD4 expression levels are significantly associated with cervical cancer progression. Specifically, epithelial immunostaining for PAD4 revealed an increasingly higher histoscore from low-grade (CIN1) to high-grade (CIN2, CIN3) cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, and invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) lesions, raising the attractive possibility that PAD4 may be used as tumor staging markers. Furthermore, taking advantage of the epidermoid cervical cancer cell line CaSki, which harbors multiple copies of the integrated HPV16 genome, we show that the expression of E6 and E7 HPV oncoproteins is impaired by treatment with the pharmacological pan-PAD inhibitor BB-Cl-amidine. Consistently, p53 and p21, two targets of HPV oncoproteins, are upregulated by the PAD inhibitor, which undergoes cell growth arrest and apoptosis. Altogether, these findings highlight a novel mechanism by which hrHPVs alter host regulatory pathways involved in cell cycle and survival to gain viral fitness, raising the possibility that PADs may represent an attractive target for developing novel host-targeting antivirals effective in preventing cervical cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Albano
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Matteo Biolatti
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Jasenka Mazibrada
- Department of Cellular Pathology, The Cotman Centre Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Selina Pasquero
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Gugliesi
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Irene Lo Cigno
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Federica Calati
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Greta Bajetto
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease-CAAD, Novara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Gloria Griffante
- IIGM Foundation – Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Turin, Italy
| | - Santo Landolfo
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marisa Gariglio
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Marco De Andrea
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease-CAAD, Novara, Italy
| | - Valentina Dell’Oste
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Rossi C, Brazzelli M, Oasi O, Riva G. Harmonizing Emotions: Assessing Implicit and Explicit Emotional Responses in Elderly through Music Therapy Sessions. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2024; 27:232-234. [PMID: 38364096 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2024.29310.ceu] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Rossi
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Osmano Oasi
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
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9
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Schiller D, Yu ANC, Alia-Klein N, Becker S, Cromwell HC, Dolcos F, Eslinger PJ, Frewen P, Kemp AH, Pace-Schott EF, Raber J, Silton RL, Stefanova E, Williams JHG, Abe N, Aghajani M, Albrecht F, Alexander R, Anders S, Aragón OR, Arias JA, Arzy S, Aue T, Baez S, Balconi M, Ballarini T, Bannister S, Banta MC, Barrett KC, Belzung C, Bensafi M, Booij L, Bookwala J, Boulanger-Bertolus J, Boutros SW, Bräscher AK, Bruno A, Busatto G, Bylsma LM, Caldwell-Harris C, Chan RCK, Cherbuin N, Chiarella J, Cipresso P, Critchley H, Croote DE, Demaree HA, Denson TF, Depue B, Derntl B, Dickson JM, Dolcos S, Drach-Zahavy A, Dubljević O, Eerola T, Ellingsen DM, Fairfield B, Ferdenzi C, Friedman BH, Fu CHY, Gatt JM, de Gelder B, Gendolla GHE, Gilam G, Goldblatt H, Gooding AEK, Gosseries O, Hamm AO, Hanson JL, Hendler T, Herbert C, Hofmann SG, Ibanez A, Joffily M, Jovanovic T, Kahrilas IJ, Kangas M, Katsumi Y, Kensinger E, Kirby LAJ, Koncz R, Koster EHW, Kozlowska K, Krach S, Kret ME, Krippl M, Kusi-Mensah K, Ladouceur CD, Laureys S, Lawrence A, Li CSR, Liddell BJ, Lidhar NK, Lowry CA, Magee K, Marin MF, Mariotti V, Martin LJ, Marusak HA, Mayer AV, Merner AR, Minnier J, Moll J, Morrison RG, Moore M, Mouly AM, Mueller SC, Mühlberger A, Murphy NA, Muscatello MRA, Musser ED, Newton TL, Noll-Hussong M, Norrholm SD, Northoff G, Nusslock R, Okon-Singer H, Olino TM, Ortner C, Owolabi M, Padulo C, Palermo R, Palumbo R, Palumbo S, Papadelis C, Pegna AJ, Pellegrini S, Peltonen K, Penninx BWJH, Pietrini P, Pinna G, Lobo RP, Polnaszek KL, Polyakova M, Rabinak C, Helene Richter S, Richter T, Riva G, Rizzo A, Robinson JL, Rosa P, Sachdev PS, Sato W, Schroeter ML, Schweizer S, Shiban Y, Siddharthan A, Siedlecka E, Smith RC, Soreq H, Spangler DP, Stern ER, Styliadis C, Sullivan GB, Swain JE, Urben S, Van den Stock J, Vander Kooij MA, van Overveld M, Van Rheenen TE, VanElzakker MB, Ventura-Bort C, Verona E, Volk T, Wang Y, Weingast LT, Weymar M, Williams C, Willis ML, Yamashita P, Zahn R, Zupan B, Lowe L. The Human Affectome. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 158:105450. [PMID: 37925091 PMCID: PMC11003721 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decades, theoretical perspectives in the interdisciplinary field of the affective sciences have proliferated rather than converged due to differing assumptions about what human affective phenomena are and how they work. These metaphysical and mechanistic assumptions, shaped by academic context and values, have dictated affective constructs and operationalizations. However, an assumption about the purpose of affective phenomena can guide us to a common set of metaphysical and mechanistic assumptions. In this capstone paper, we home in on a nested teleological principle for human affective phenomena in order to synthesize metaphysical and mechanistic assumptions. Under this framework, human affective phenomena can collectively be considered algorithms that either adjust based on the human comfort zone (affective concerns) or monitor those adaptive processes (affective features). This teleologically-grounded framework offers a principled agenda and launchpad for both organizing existing perspectives and generating new ones. Ultimately, we hope the Human Affectome brings us a step closer to not only an integrated understanding of human affective phenomena, but an integrated field for affective research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Schiller
- Department of Psychiatry, the Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, and the Friedman Brain Institute, at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Alessandra N C Yu
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States.
| | - Nelly Alia-Klein
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Susanne Becker
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, J5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany; Integrative Spinal Research Group, Department of Chiropractic Medicine, University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Balgrist Campus, Lengghalde 5, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Howard C Cromwell
- J.P. Scott Center for Neuroscience, Mind and Behavior, Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403, United States
| | - Florin Dolcos
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science & Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States; Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Paul J Eslinger
- Departments of Neurology, Neural & Behavioral Science, Radiology, and Public Health Sciences, Penn State Hershey Medical Center and College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Paul Frewen
- Departments of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience at the University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew H Kemp
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Health & Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Edward F Pace-Schott
- Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jacob Raber
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, United States; Departments of Neurology, Radiation Medicine, Psychiatry, and Division of Neuroscience, ONPRC, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Rebecca L Silton
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Elka Stefanova
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia; Neurology Clinic, Clinical Center of Serbia, Serbia
| | - Justin H G Williams
- Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, 1 Parklands Dr, Southport, QLD 4215, Australia
| | - Nobuhito Abe
- Institute for the Future of Human Society, Kyoto University, 46 Shimoadachi-cho, Yoshida Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Moji Aghajani
- Institute of Education & Child Studies, Section Forensic Family & Youth Care, Leiden University, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUMC, GGZ InGeest Research & Innovation, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands
| | - Franziska Albrecht
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska University Hospital, Women's Health and Allied Health Professionals Theme, Medical unit Occupational Therapy & Physiotherapy, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rebecca Alexander
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Silke Anders
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Oriana R Aragón
- Yale University, 2 Hillhouse Ave, New Haven, CT, United States; Cincinnati University, Marketing Department, 2906 Woodside Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0145, United States
| | - Juan A Arias
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Health & Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom; Department of Statistics, Mathematical Analysis, and Operational Research, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain; The Galician Center for Mathematical Research and Technology (CITMAga), 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Shahar Arzy
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tatjana Aue
- Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Fabrikstr. 8, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Michela Balconi
- International Research Center for Cognitive Applied Neuroscience, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Tommaso Ballarini
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Scott Bannister
- Durham University, Palace Green, DH1 RL3 Durham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Karen Caplovitz Barrett
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States; Department of Community & Behavioral Health, Colorado School of Public Health, Denver, CO, United States
| | | | - Moustafa Bensafi
- Research Center in Neurosciences of Lyon, CNRS UMR5292, INSERM U1028, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, 95 bd Pinel, 69675 Bron Cedex, France
| | - Linda Booij
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada; CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jamila Bookwala
- Department of Psychology, Lafayette College, Easton, PA, United States
| | - Julie Boulanger-Bertolus
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Consciousness Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Sydney Weber Boutros
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, United States
| | - Anne-Kathrin Bräscher
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Psychotherapy and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Mainz, Wallstr. 3, 55122 Mainz, Germany; Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, United States
| | - Antonio Bruno
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging - University of Messina, Italy
| | - Geraldo Busatto
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lauren M Bylsma
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology; and the Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | | | - Raymond C K Chan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nicolas Cherbuin
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health, and Wellbeing, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Julian Chiarella
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada; CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Pietro Cipresso
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab., Istituto Auxologico Italiano (IRCCS), Milan, Italy; Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Hugo Critchley
- Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School (BSMS), University of Sussex, Sussex, United Kingdom
| | - Denise E Croote
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY 10029, United States; Hospital Universitário Gaffrée e Guinle, Universidade do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Heath A Demaree
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Thomas F Denson
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Brendan Depue
- Departments of Psychological and Brain Sciences and Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Birgit Derntl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Tübingen Center for Mental Health, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Joanne M Dickson
- Edith Cowan University, Psychology Discipline, School of Arts and Humanities, 270 Joondalup Dr, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Sanda Dolcos
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science & Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States; Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Anat Drach-Zahavy
- The Faculty of Health and Welfare Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Olga Dubljević
- Neurology Clinic, Clinical Center of Serbia, Serbia; Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of Republic of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tuomas Eerola
- Durham University, Palace Green, DH1 RL3 Durham, United Kingdom
| | - Dan-Mikael Ellingsen
- Department of Diagnostic Physics, Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Beth Fairfield
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; UniCamillus, International Medical University, Rome, Italy
| | - Camille Ferdenzi
- Research Center in Neurosciences of Lyon, CNRS UMR5292, INSERM U1028, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, 95 bd Pinel, 69675 Bron Cedex, France
| | - Bruce H Friedman
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Cynthia H Y Fu
- School of Psychology, University of East London, United Kingdom; Centre for Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Justine M Gatt
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Beatrice de Gelder
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Guido H E Gendolla
- Geneva Motivation Lab, University of Geneva, FPSE, Section of Psychology, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Gadi Gilam
- The Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel; Systems Neuroscience and Pain Laboratory, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, United States
| | - Hadass Goldblatt
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Social Welfare & Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Olivia Gosseries
- Coma Science Group, GIGA Consciousness & Centre du Cerveau2, University and University Hospital of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Alfons O Hamm
- Department of Biological and Clinical Psychology/Psychotherapy, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jamie L Hanson
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15206, United States
| | - Talma Hendler
- Tel Aviv Center for Brain Function, Wohl Institute for Advanced Imaging, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; School of Psychological Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Cornelia Herbert
- Department of Applied Emotion and Motivation Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Stefan G Hofmann
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Philipps University Marburg, Germany
| | - Agustin Ibanez
- Universidad de San Andres, Buenos Aires, Argentina; National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile; Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), University of California San Francisco (UCSF), United States and Trinity Collegue Dublin (TCD), Ireland
| | - Mateus Joffily
- Groupe d'Analyse et de Théorie Economique (GATE), 93 Chemin des Mouilles, 69130 Écully, France
| | - Tanja Jovanovic
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavaioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Ian J Kahrilas
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Maria Kangas
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yuta Katsumi
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Kensinger
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Boston College, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lauren A J Kirby
- Department of Psychology and Counseling, University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, TX, United States
| | - Rebecca Koncz
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Specialty of Psychiatry, The University of Sydney, Concord, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ernst H W Koster
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Sören Krach
- Social Neuroscience Lab, Translational Psychiatry Unit, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Mariska E Kret
- Leiden University, Cognitive Psychology, Pieter de la Court, Waassenaarseweg 52, Leiden 2333 AK, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Krippl
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Psychology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Universitätsplatz 2, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Kwabena Kusi-Mensah
- Department of Psychiatry, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, P. O. Box 1934, Kumasi, Ghana; Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Darwin College, Silver Street, CB3 9EU Cambridge, United Kingdom; Behavioural Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Cecile D Ladouceur
- Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology and the Center for Neural Basis of Cognition (CNBC), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Steven Laureys
- Coma Science Group, GIGA Consciousness & Centre du Cerveau2, University and University Hospital of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Alistair Lawrence
- Scotland's Rural College, King's Buildings, Edinburgh, Scotland; The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Scotland
| | - Chiang-Shan R Li
- Connecticut Mental Health Centre, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Belinda J Liddell
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Navdeep K Lidhar
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher A Lowry
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Kelsey Magee
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Marie-France Marin
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada; Research Center, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Veronica Mariotti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Loren J Martin
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Hilary A Marusak
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavaioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States; Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute for Child and Family Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Annalina V Mayer
- Social Neuroscience Lab, Translational Psychiatry Unit, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Amanda R Merner
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Jessica Minnier
- School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Jorge Moll
- Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroinformatics Unit, D'Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Robert G Morrison
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Matthew Moore
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science & Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States; Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States; War Related Illness and Injury Study Center (WRIISC), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Anne-Marie Mouly
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CNRS-UMR 5292, INSERM U1028, Universite Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Sven C Mueller
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andreas Mühlberger
- Department of Psychology (Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy), University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nora A Murphy
- Department of Psychology, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | - Erica D Musser
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Tamara L Newton
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Michael Noll-Hussong
- Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, TU Muenchen, Langerstrasse 3, D-81675 Muenchen, Germany
| | - Seth Davin Norrholm
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavaioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Georg Northoff
- Mind, Brain Imaging and Neuroethics Research Unit, University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Canada
| | - Robin Nusslock
- Department of Psychology and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, 2029 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Hadas Okon-Singer
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Thomas M Olino
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701N. 13th St, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Catherine Ortner
- Thompson Rivers University, Department of Psychology, 805 TRU Way, Kamloops, BC, Canada
| | - Mayowa Owolabi
- Department of Medicine and Center for Genomic and Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan; University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; Blossom Specialist Medical Center Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Caterina Padulo
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Romina Palermo
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Rocco Palumbo
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Sara Palumbo
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and of Critical Care, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Christos Papadelis
- Jane and John Justin Neuroscience Center, Cook Children's Health Care System, Fort Worth, TX, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Alan J Pegna
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Silvia Pellegrini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Kirsi Peltonen
- Research Centre for Child Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; INVEST Research Flagship, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUMC, GGZ InGeest Research & Innovation, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands
| | | | - Graziano Pinna
- The Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Rosario Pintos Lobo
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Kelly L Polnaszek
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Maryna Polyakova
- Neurology Department, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christine Rabinak
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - S Helene Richter
- Department of Behavioural Biology, University of Münster, Badestraße 13, Münster, Germany
| | - Thalia Richter
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab., Istituto Auxologico Italiano (IRCCS), Milan, Italy; Humane Technology Lab., Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Amelia Rizzo
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging - University of Messina, Italy
| | | | - Pedro Rosa
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Perminder S Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Neuropsychiatric Institute, The Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Wataru Sato
- Psychological Process Research Team, Guardian Robot Project, RIKEN, 2-2-2 Hikaridai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Matthias L Schroeter
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Susanne Schweizer
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Youssef Shiban
- Department of Psychology (Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy), University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; Department of Psychology (Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy Research), PFH - Private University of Applied Sciences, Gottingen, Germany
| | - Advaith Siddharthan
- Knowledge Media Institute, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, United Kingdom
| | - Ewa Siedlecka
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Robert C Smith
- Departments of Medicine and Psychiatry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Hermona Soreq
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Edmond and Lily Safra Center of Brain Science and The Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Derek P Spangler
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
| | - Emily R Stern
- Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, United States; New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Charis Styliadis
- Neuroscience of Cognition and Affection group, Lab of Medical Physics and Digital Innovation, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - James E Swain
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Health, Psychology, Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Medicine, and Program in Public Health, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, New York, United States
| | - Sébastien Urben
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jan Van den Stock
- Neuropsychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michael A Vander Kooij
- Translational Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Universitatsmedizin der Johannes Guttenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Tamsyn E Van Rheenen
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, 161 Barry Street, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael B VanElzakker
- Division of Neurotherapeutics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Carlos Ventura-Bort
- Department of Biological Psychology and Affective Science, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Edelyn Verona
- Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Tyler Volk
- Professor Emeritus of Biology and Environmental Studies, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Yi Wang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Leah T Weingast
- Department of Social Work and Human Services and the Department of Psychological Sciences, Center for Young Adult Addiction and Recovery, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, United States
| | - Mathias Weymar
- Department of Biological Psychology and Affective Science, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Germany
| | - Claire Williams
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Health & Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom; Elysium Neurological Services, Elysium Healthcare, The Avalon Centre, United Kingdom
| | - Megan L Willis
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Paula Yamashita
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Roland Zahn
- Centre for Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Barbra Zupan
- Central Queensland University, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Bruce Highway, Rockhampton, QLD, Australia
| | - Leroy Lowe
- Neuroqualia (NGO), Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada.
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Cammisuli DM, Tuena C, Riva G, Repetto C, Axmacher N, Chandreswaran V, Isella V, Pomati S, Zago S, Difonzo T, Pavanello G, Prete LA, Stramba-Badiale M, Mauro A, Cattaldo S, Castelnuovo G. Exploring the Remediation of Behavioral Disturbances of Spatial Cognition in Community-Dwelling Senior Citizens with Mild Cognitive Impairment via Innovative Technological Apparatus (BDSC-MCI Project): Protocol for a Prospective, Multi-Center Observational Study. J Pers Med 2024; 14:192. [PMID: 38392625 PMCID: PMC10890288 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14020192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Spatial navigation (SN) has been reported to be one of the first cognitive domains to be affected in Alzheimer's disease (AD), which occurs as a result of progressive neuropathology involving specific brain areas. Moreover, the epsilon 4 isoform of apolipoprotein-E (APOE-ε4) has been associated with both sporadic and familial late-onset AD, and patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to AD are more likely to progressively deteriorate. Spatial navigation performance will be examined on a sample of 76 community-dwelling senior citizens (25 healthy controls; 25 individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD); and 26 patients with MCI due to AD) via a virtual computer-based task (i.e., the AppleGame) and a naturalistic task (i.e., the Detour Navigation Test-modified version) for which a wearable device with sensors will be used for recording gait data and revealing physiological parameters that may be associated with spatial disorientation. We expect that patients with MCI due to AD and APOE-ε4 carriers will show altered SN performances compared to individuals with SCD and healthy controls in the experimental tasks, and that VR testing may predict ecological performance. Impaired SN performances in people at increased risk of developing AD may inform future cognitive rehabilitation protocols for counteracting spatial disorientation that may occur during elders' traveling to unfamiliar locations. The research protocol has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Istituto Auxologico Italiano. Findings will be published in peer-reviewed medical journals and discussed in national and international congresses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cosimo Tuena
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20145 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20145 Milan, Italy
- Human Technology Lab, Catholic University, 20145 Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Repetto
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University, 20123 Milan, Italy
| | - Nikolai Axmacher
- Department of Neuropsychology, Faculty of Psychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Ruhr University, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Varnan Chandreswaran
- Department of Neuropsychology, Faculty of Psychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Ruhr University, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Valeria Isella
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
- Milan Center for Neurosciences, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Pomati
- Neurology Unit, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Zago
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Teresa Difonzo
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Giada Pavanello
- School of Specialization in Clinical Psychology, Catholic University, 20123 Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Augusto Prete
- School of Specialization in Clinical Psychology, Catholic University, 20123 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Stramba-Badiale
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20145 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mauro
- "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neurosciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, "San Giuseppe" Hospital, 33081 Piancavallo, Italy
| | - Stefania Cattaldo
- Clinic Neurobiology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, "San Giuseppe" Hospital, 33081 Piancavallo, Italy
| | - Gianluca Castelnuovo
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University, 20123 Milan, Italy
- Clinical Psychology Research Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20149 Milan, Italy
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11
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Dakanalis A, Wiederhold BK, Riva G. Artificial Intelligence: A Game-Changer for Mental Health Care. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2024; 27:100-104. [PMID: 38358832 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2023.0723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Starting from the escalating global burden of mental health disorders, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, the article examines the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to revolutionize mental health care. With nearly one in five adults facing mental health issues and suicide ranking as a leading cause of death among the young, the strained mental health system seeks innovative solutions. The text discusses the rapid evolution of AI, particularly in image analysis for early physical health diagnoses, and its promising applications in mental health, including predictive analytics for various disorders. AI's ability to analyze written language, speech characteristics, and physiological signals from wearables offers avenues for remote monitoring and early prognosis. Despite the need to address ethical considerations, particularly biases in data sets and concerns about potential patient detachment, the article advocates for AI as a complementary tool rather than a replacement for human involvement in mental health services. Overall, the article emphasizes the transformative potential of AI in enhancing diagnostics, monitoring, and treatment strategies for mental health disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios Dakanalis
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | - Brenda K Wiederhold
- Virtual Reality Medical Center, Scripps Memorial Hospital, La Jolla, California, USA
- Interactive Media Institute, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Laboratory, IRCSS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Bruni F, Mancuso V, Stramba-Badiale C, Stramba-Badiale M, Riva G, Goulene K, Cipresso P, Pedroli E. Beyond traditional training: Integrating data from semi-immersive VR dual-task intervention in Parkinsonian Syndromes. A study protocol. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0294199. [PMID: 38300977 PMCID: PMC10833523 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Completing cognitive and motor tasks simultaneously requires a high level of cognitive control in terms of executive processes and attentional abilities. Most of the daily activities require a dual-task performance. While walking, for example, it may be necessary to adapt gait to obstacles of the environment or simply participate in a conversation; all these activities involve more than one ability at the same time. This parallel performance may be critical in the cognitive or motor load, especially for patients with neurological diseases such as Parkinsonian Syndromes. Patients are often characterized by a crucial impairment in performing both tasks concurrently, showing a decrease in attention skills and executive functions, thus leading to increased negative outcomes. In this scenario, the accurate assessment of the components involved in dual-task performance is crucial, and providing an early specific training program appears to be essential. The objective of this protocol is to assess cognitive and motor components involved in dual-task performance and create a training program based on ecological activities focusing on executive and motor functions. Thus, we will employ Virtual Reality to provide semi-immersive, multisensory, ecological, standardized, and realistic experiences for rehabilitative purposes in patients with Parkinsonian Syndromes, considering its high prevalence in aging and the incidence of motor and cognitive dysfunctions in this population. Moreover, we propose to integrate the great amount of different data provided by dual-task and Virtual Reality system, using machine learning techniques. These integrations may increase the treatment's reliability in terms of better prognostic indexes and individualized training.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chiara Stramba-Badiale
- Applied Technology for Neuropsychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Stramba-Badiale
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuropsychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Human Technology Lab, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
| | - Karine Goulene
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Cipresso
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Unit of Neurology and Neurorehabilitation, San Giuseppe Hospital Piancavallo, Verbania, Italy
| | - Elisa Pedroli
- Faculty of Psychology, eCampus University, Novedrate, Italy
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
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Scuotto C, Triberti S, Limone P, Riva G. ITMI: The use of Immersive Technologies to promote Moral Intuitions. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2024; 27:163-165. [PMID: 38285207 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2024.29307.ceu] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Scuotto
- Department of Psychology and Education, Università Telematica Pegaso, Naples, Italy
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Stefano Triberti
- Department of Psychology and Education, Università Telematica Pegaso, Naples, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Limone
- Department of Psychology and Education, Università Telematica Pegaso, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
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Tuena C, Pupillo C, Stramba-Badiale C, Stramba-Badiale M, Riva G. Predictive power of gait and gait-related cognitive measures in amnestic mild cognitive impairment: a machine learning analysis. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 17:1328713. [PMID: 38348371 PMCID: PMC10859484 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1328713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gait disorders and gait-related cognitive tests were recently linked to future Alzheimer's Disease (AD) dementia diagnosis in amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI). This study aimed to evaluate the predictive power of gait disorders and gait-related neuropsychological performances for future AD diagnosis in aMCI through machine learning (ML). Methods A sample of 253 aMCI (stable, converter) individuals were included. We explored the predictive accuracy of four predictors (gait profile plus MMSE, DSST, and TMT-B) previously identified as critical for the conversion from aMCI to AD within a 36-month follow-up. Supervised ML algorithms (Support Vector Machine [SVM], Logistic Regression, and k-Nearest Neighbors) were trained on 70% of the dataset, and feature importance was evaluated for the best algorithm. Results The SVM algorithm achieved the best performance. The optimized training set performance achieved an accuracy of 0.67 (sensitivity = 0.72; specificity = 0.60), improving to 0.70 on the test set (sensitivity = 0.79; specificity = 0.52). Feature importance revealed MMSE as the most important predictor in both training and testing, while gait type was important in the testing phase. Discussion We created a predictive ML model that is capable of identifying aMCI at high risk of AD dementia within 36 months. Our ML model could be used to quickly identify individuals at higher risk of AD, facilitating secondary prevention (e.g., cognitive and/or physical training), and serving as screening for more expansive and invasive tests. Lastly, our results point toward theoretically and practically sound evidence of mind and body interaction in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo Tuena
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Pupillo
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Stramba-Badiale
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Stramba-Badiale
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Humane Technology Lab, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
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15
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Stramba-Badiale C, Tuena C, Goulene KM, Cipresso P, Morelli S, Rossi M, D’Avenio G, Stramba-Badiale M, Riva G. Enhancing spatial navigation skills in mild cognitive impairment patients: a usability study of a new version of ANTaging software. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 17:1310375. [PMID: 38259329 PMCID: PMC10801043 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1310375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) often presents challenges related to spatial navigation and retention of spatial information. Navigating space involves intricate integration of bodily and environmental cues. Spatial memory is dependent on two distinct frame of reference systems for organizing this information: egocentric and allocentric frames of reference. Virtual Reality (VR) has emerged as a promising technology for enhancing spatial navigation skills and spatial memory by facilitating the manipulation of bodily, environmental, and cognitive cues. Methods This usability study was based on a fully within-subjects design in which seven MCI patients underwent two kinds of VR conditions: participants were required to complete the ANTaging demo both in Oculus Rift S (immersive condition) and in Samsung UHD 4K monitor (semi-immersive condition). Participants were seated and they had to use a foot-motion pad to navigate and explore the environment to collect and relocate some objects in the virtual environment. Post-interaction, users provided feedback on their experiences. Additionally, usability, potential side effects, data analysis feasibility, and user preferences with immersive and semi-immersive technologies were assessed through questionnaires. Results Results indicated higher usability ratings for the semi-immersive setup, with fewer negative effects reported compared to the immersive counterpart. According to qualitative analyses of the interviews, patients do seem to like both VR apparatuses even though the semi-immersive condition was perceived as the most suitable choice because of the size of the screen. Patients generally found it difficult to remember object locations. Participants expressed the need for more practice with the foot-motion pad, despite an overall positive experience. They generally would like to use this system to improve their memory. Discussion Identifying these key aspects was crucial for refining the system before the upcoming clinical trial. This study sheds light on the potential of semi-immersive VR in aiding individuals with MCI, paving the way for enhanced spatial navigation interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Stramba-Badiale
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cosimo Tuena
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Karine Marie Goulene
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Cipresso
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Cusano Milanino, Italy
| | - Sandra Morelli
- National Center for Innovative Technologies in Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Mirko Rossi
- National Center for Innovative Technologies in Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe D’Avenio
- National Center for Innovative Technologies in Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Stramba-Badiale
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Humane Technology Lab, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
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16
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Pascarelli MT, Quarona D, Barchiesi G, Riva G, Butterfill SA, Sinigaglia C. Principles of belief acquisition. How we read other minds. Conscious Cogn 2024; 117:103625. [PMID: 38159535 DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2023.103625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Reading other minds is a pervasive feature of human social life. A decade of research indicates that people can automatically track an agent's beliefs regardless of whether this is required. But little is known about the principles t guide automatic belief tracking. In six experiments adapting a false belief task introduced by Kovács et al. (2010), we tested whether belief tracking is interrupted by either an agent's lack of perceptual access or else by an agent's constrained action possibilities. We also tested whether such manipulations create interruptions when participants were instructed to track beliefs. Our main finding: the agent's lack of perceptual access did not interrupt belief tracking when participants were not instructed to track beliefs. Overall, our findings raise a challenge: some of the phenomena that have been labelled mindreading are perhaps not mindreading at all, or-more likely-they are mindreading but not as we know it.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Pascarelli
- Cognition in Action (CIA) Unit, PHILAB, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Philosophy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - D Quarona
- Cognition in Action (CIA) Unit, PHILAB, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Philosophy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - G Barchiesi
- Cognition in Action (CIA) Unit, PHILAB, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Philosophy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - G Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy; Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - S A Butterfill
- Department of Philosophy, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - C Sinigaglia
- Cognition in Action (CIA) Unit, PHILAB, 20122 Milan, Italy; Department of Philosophy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Department of Philosophy, Stanford University, CA, USA.
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17
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Di Natale AF, Repetto C, Costantini G, Riva G, Bricolo E, Villani D. Learning in the Metaverse: Are University Students Willing to Learn in Immersive Virtual Reality? Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2024; 27:28-36. [PMID: 38197837 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2022.0395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Immersive virtual reality (IVR) technology provides several educational affordances that make it a valuable tool for learning, especially from a constructivist learning perspective. Combined with the increasing availability of Metaverse social platforms, such as ENGAGE and AltSpace VR, where students and teachers can meet and work together, IVR may transform how students learn and interact with educational content. However, little is known about students' attitudes toward IVR in education. To address this gap, we surveyed 329 undergraduate students from different universities in Italy. We used the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) to predict students' intention to adopt IVR for learning. We further explored the role that different individual factors, including students' learning styles, affordances perceptions, and personal innovativeness, have on their attitudes toward IVR. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that the four constructs of the UTAUT, namely performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions were the strongest predictors of students' intention to use IVR in education and that individual factors only had little impact on it. Based on these results, this study provides helpful indications for researchers and educators who wish to introduce IVR effectively in educational contexts. Given the new possibilities provided by Metaverse applications based on IVR technology for learning, it is indeed crucial to fully understand the attitudes different stakeholders in education have toward adopting this technology in educational contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Flavia Di Natale
- Department of Psychology, Università degli Studi Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Repetto
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Costantini
- Department of Psychology, Università degli Studi Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Bricolo
- Department of Psychology, Università degli Studi Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Villani
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
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18
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Riva G, Wiederhold BK, Villani D. Toward a Humane Metaverse: Challenges and Opportunities. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2024; 27:3-8. [PMID: 38118107 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2023.29303.editorial] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
The metaverse, an emerging digital universe blurring the lines between reality and virtuality, offers a view into a future where human interaction transcends physical boundaries. In this article, we analyze the multidimensional facets of the metaverse, scrutinizing the landscape of challenges and opportunities it offers. The article delves into the challenges faced by human society in adapting to the metaverse, including the digital divide, ethical dilemmas, the level of trust, and the potential erosion of social and physical reality. Amid the allure of boundless creativity, questions arise about the very essence of human experience-identity, empathy, social relationships, life satisfaction, and the nature of reality itself. The metaverse, with all its complexities, challenges us to redefine the boundaries of human interaction, urging us to tread cautiously while embracing the limitless possibilities it presents. As we venture "toward a humane metaverse," we must navigate the intricate interplay of technology and humanity, shaping a future where the virtual realm enhances, rather than diminishes, the richness of the human experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Riva
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Brenda K Wiederhold
- Virtual Reality Medical Center, Scripps Memorial Hospital, La Jolla, California, USA
- Interactive Media Institute, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Daniela Villani
- Department of Psychology, Research Center in Communication Psychology (PsiCom), Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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19
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Frisone F, Brizzi G, Riva G. VR-MEM: Harnessing Virtual Reality for Autobiographical Memory Enhancement in High School Settings. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2024; 27:91-93. [PMID: 37972046 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2023.29300.ceu] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Frisone
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Brizzi
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
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Abstract
What distinguishes real-world communities from their online counterparts? Social and cognitive neuroscience research on social networks and collective intentionality will be used in the article to answer this question. Physical communities are born in places. And places engage "we-mode" neurobiological and cognitive processes as behavioral synchrony, shared attention, deliberate attunement, interbrain synchronization, and so on, which create coherent social networks of very different individuals who are supported by a "wisdom of crowd." Digital technologies remove physical boundaries, giving people more freedom to choose their activities and groups. At the same time, however, the lack of physical co-presence of community members significantly reduces their possibility of activating "we-mode" cognitive processes and social motivation. Because of this, unlike physical communities that allow interaction between people from varied origins and stories, digital communities are always made up of people who have the same interests and knowledge (communities of practice). This new situation disrupts the "wisdom of crowd," making the community more radical and less accurate (polarization effect), allowing influential users to wield disproportionate influence over the group's beliefs, and producing inequalities in the distribution of social capital. However, a new emergent technology-the Metaverse-has the potential to reverse this trend. Several studies have revealed that virtual and augmented reality-the major technologies underlying the Metaverse-can engage the same neurobiological and cognitive "we-mode" processes as real-world environments. If the many flaws in this technology are fixed, it might encourage people to engage in more meaningful and constructive interactions in online communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Humane Technology Lab, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Brenda K. Wiederhold
- Virtual Reality Medical Center, La Jolla, California, USA
- Virtual Reality Medical Institute, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Fabrizia Mantovani
- Centre for Studies in Communication Sciences “Luigi Anolli” (CESCOM), Department of Human Sciences for Education “Riccardo Massa,” University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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21
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Schoeller F, Horowitz AH, Jain A, Maes P, Reggente N, Christov-Moore L, Pezzulo G, Barca L, Allen M, Salomon R, Miller M, Di Lernia D, Riva G, Tsakiris M, Chalah MA, Klein A, Zhang B, Garcia T, Pollack U, Trousselard M, Verdonk C, Dumas G, Adrien V, Friston K. Interoceptive technologies for psychiatric interventions: From diagnosis to clinical applications. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 156:105478. [PMID: 38007168 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Interoception-the perception of internal bodily signals-has emerged as an area of interest due to its implications in emotion and the prevalence of dysfunctional interoceptive processes across psychopathological conditions. Despite the importance of interoception in cognitive neuroscience and psychiatry, its experimental manipulation remains technically challenging. This is due to the invasive nature of existing methods, the limitation of self-report and unimodal measures of interoception, and the absence of standardized approaches across disparate fields. This article integrates diverse research efforts from psychology, physiology, psychiatry, and engineering to address this oversight. Following a general introduction to the neurophysiology of interoception as hierarchical predictive processing, we review the existing paradigms for manipulating interoception (e.g., interoceptive modulation), their underlying mechanisms (e.g., interoceptive conditioning), and clinical applications (e.g., interoceptive exposure). We suggest a classification for interoceptive technologies and discuss their potential for diagnosing and treating mental health disorders. Despite promising results, considerable work is still needed to develop standardized, validated measures of interoceptive function across domains and before these technologies can translate safely and effectively to clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Schoeller
- Fluid Interfaces Group, Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA; Institute for Advanced Consciousness Studies, Santa Monica, CA, USA; Department Cognitive Sciences, University of Haifa, Israel.
| | - Adam Haar Horowitz
- Fluid Interfaces Group, Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA; Center for Sleep and Cognition, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Abhinandan Jain
- Fluid Interfaces Group, Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA
| | - Pattie Maes
- Fluid Interfaces Group, Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA
| | - Nicco Reggente
- Institute for Advanced Consciousness Studies, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | | | - Giovanni Pezzulo
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Barca
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - Micah Allen
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, Aarhus University, Denmark; Cambridge Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Roy Salomon
- Department Cognitive Sciences, University of Haifa, Israel
| | - Mark Miller
- Center for Human Nature, Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience, Hokkaido University, Japan
| | - Daniele Di Lernia
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy; Applied Technology for Neuro- Psychology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy; Applied Technology for Neuro- Psychology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Manos Tsakiris
- The Warburg Institute, School of Advanced Study, University of London, UK; Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, UK; Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Moussa A Chalah
- EA 4391, Excitabilité Nerveuse et Thérapeutique, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France; Service de Physiologie - Explorations Fonctionnelles, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Arno Klein
- Child Mind Institute, New York City, USA
| | - Ben Zhang
- Institute for Advanced Consciousness Studies, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Teresa Garcia
- Institute for Advanced Consciousness Studies, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Ursula Pollack
- Institute for Advanced Consciousness Studies, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Marion Trousselard
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Place Général Valérie André, 91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Charles Verdonk
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Place Général Valérie André, 91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | | | - Vladimir Adrien
- Infrastructure for Clinical Research in Neurosciences (iCRIN) Psychiatry, Paris Brain Institute, Paris, France; Department of Psychiatry, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Karl Friston
- Queen Sq, Institute of Neurology, UCL, London WC1N 3AR, UK
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Riva G, Di Natale AF, Frisone F, Rossi C. Arcadia VR: Assistance and Rehabilitation of Eating Behavior through Devices Based on Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Reality. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2023; 26:930-932. [PMID: 37972055 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2023.29299.ceu] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Riva
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Flavia Di Natale
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Frisone
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Rossi
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Brizzi G, Sansoni M, Di Lernia D, Frisone F, Tuena C, Riva G. The multisensory mind: a systematic review of multisensory integration processing in Anorexia and Bulimia Nervosa. J Eat Disord 2023; 11:204. [PMID: 37974266 PMCID: PMC10655389 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-023-00930-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Individuals with Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa present alterations in the way they experience their bodies. Body experience results from a multisensory integration process in which information from different sensory domains and spatial reference frames is combined into a coherent percept. Given the critical role of the body in the onset and maintenance of both Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa, we conducted a systematic review to examine multisensory integration abilities of individuals affected by these two conditions and investigate whether they exhibit impairments in crossmodal integration. We searched for studies evaluating crossmodal integration in individuals with a current diagnosis of Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa as compared to healthy individuals from both behavioral and neurobiological perspectives. A search of PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Sciences databases was performed to extract relevant articles. Of the 2348 studies retrieved, 911 were unique articles. After the screening, 13 articles were included. Studies revealed multisensory integration abnormalities in patients affected by Anorexia Nervosa; only one included individuals with Bulimia Nervosa and observed less severe impairments compared to healthy controls. Overall, results seemed to support the presence of multisensory deficits in Anorexia Nervosa, especially when integrating interoceptive and exteroceptive information. We proposed the Predictive Coding framework for understanding our findings and suggested future lines of investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Brizzi
- Applied Technology for Neuro- Psychology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Via Magnasco 2, 20149, Milan, Italy.
| | - Maria Sansoni
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Gemelli, 1, 20121, Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Gemelli, 1, 20121, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Di Lernia
- Applied Technology for Neuro- Psychology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Via Magnasco 2, 20149, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Frisone
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Gemelli, 1, 20121, Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Gemelli, 1, 20121, Milan, Italy
| | - Cosimo Tuena
- Applied Technology for Neuro- Psychology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Via Magnasco 2, 20149, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro- Psychology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Via Magnasco 2, 20149, Milan, Italy
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Gemelli, 1, 20121, Milan, Italy
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Ventura S, Lullini G, Riva G. Embodied the Healthy Arm: Virtual Reality Rehabilitation for Stroke Patients with Proprioceptive Upper-Limb Deficit. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2023; 26:874-875. [PMID: 37787917 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2023.29295.ceu] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ventura
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Instituto Polibienestar, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Giada Lullini
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
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Tuena C, Di Lernia D, Rodella C, Bellinzona F, Riva G, Costello MC, Repetto C. The interaction between motor simulation and spatial perspective-taking in action language: a cross-cultural study. Mem Cognit 2023; 51:1870-1880. [PMID: 37204674 PMCID: PMC10638199 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-023-01427-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence has revealed the crucial role of motor simulation and spatial perspective-taking in action language. However, there is still a lack of understanding of how motor and spatial processes interact when there are multiple actors involved, and if embodied processes are consistent across different cultures. To address this gap, we examined the interaction between motor simulation and spatial perspective-taking in action-sentences comprehension, along with the consistency of embodied processes across cultures. We collected data from Italian and US English speakers using an online sentence-picture verification task. The participants completed four conditions: two congruent (i.e., the participant is the agent in the sentence and the photo; the agent is someone else interacting with the participant in both the sentence and the picture) and two incongruent (i.e., the agents of the sentence and the picture do not match). The results show that when the perspective of the picture matched that described in the sentence-processing reaction times (RTs) were faster than in the incongruent conditions. In the congruent conditions where the agent is someone else, RTs were slower compared to the condition where the participant is the agent. This has been interpreted as claiming that motor simulation and perspective-taking are independent processes interacting during sentence comprehension (e.g., motor simulation is always run in the role of the agent, but we can adopt multiple perspectives depending on the pronouns and the contextual cues). Furthermore, Bayesian analysis provided evidence that embodied processing of action language entwines a common mechanism, suggesting cross-cultural consistency of embodied processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo Tuena
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Di Lernia
- Humane Technology Lab, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Rodella
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Humane Technology Lab, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Repetto
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.
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Tuena C, Di Lernia D, Riva G, Serino S, Repetto C. Phonological similarity between words is represented in declarative memory as spatial distance. Psychol Res 2023; 87:2499-2510. [PMID: 37204615 PMCID: PMC10197043 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-023-01830-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Space can be used as a metaphor to describe semantic and perceptual similarity. Research has shown that similarity and spatial information can influence each other. On the one hand, similarity entails spatial closeness; on the other hand, proximity leads to similarity judgment. This spatial information can be stored in declarative memory and measured later on. However, it is unknown if phonological similarity/dissimilarity between words is represented as spatial closeness/distance in declarative memory. In this study, 61 young adults were tested on a remember-know (RK) spatial distance task. Participants learned noun pairs on the PC screen that were manipulated concerning their phonological similarity (similar vs. dissimilar) and reciprocal spatial distance (near vs. far). In the recognition phase, old-new, RK, and spatial distance judgments were asked. We found that for hit responses in both R and K judgments, phonologically similar word pairs were remembered closer compared to phonologically dissimilar pairs. This was also true for false alarms after K judgments. Lastly, the actual spatial distance at encoding was only retained for hit R responses. Results suggest that phonological similarity/dissimilarity is represented respectively with spatial closeness/distance and that this information is stored in the neurocognitive system of declarative memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo Tuena
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Via Magnasco 2, 20149 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Di Lernia
- Humane Technology Lab, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Via Magnasco 2, 20149 Milan, Italy
- Humane Technology Lab, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Serino
- Present Address: Department of Psychology, Università degli Studi Milano – Bicocca, Piazza Dell’Ateneo Nuovo, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Repetto
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart of Milan, Milan, Italy
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De Gaspari S, Guillen-Sanz H, Di Lernia D, Riva G. The Aged Mind Observed with a Digital Filter: Detecting Mild Cognitive Impairment through Virtual Reality and Machine Learning. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2023; 26:798-801. [PMID: 37754849 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2023.29294.ceu] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano De Gaspari
- Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Computer Science, University of Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Daniele Di Lernia
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Lernia DDI, Serino S, Tuena C, Cacciatore C, Polli N, Riva G. Mental health meets computational neuroscience: A predictive Bayesian account of the relationship between interoception and multisensory bodily illusions in anorexia nervosa. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2023; 23:100383. [PMID: 36937547 PMCID: PMC10017360 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2023.100383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mental health disorders pose a significant challenge to society. The Bayesian perspective on the mind offers unique insights and tools that may help address a variety of mental health conditions. Psychopathological dysfunctions are often connected to altered predictive and active inference processes, in which cognitive and physiological pathogenic beliefs shape the clinical condition and its symptoms. However, there is a lack of general empirical models that integrate cognitive beliefs, physiological experience, and symptoms in healthy and clinical populations. In this study, we examined the relationship between altered predictive mechanisms, interoception, and pathological bodily distortions in healty individuals and in individuals suffering from anorexia nervosa (AN). AN patients (N=15) completed a Virtual Reality Full-Body Illusion along with interoceptive tasks twice: at hospital admission during an acute symptomatological phase (Time 1) and after a 12-week outpatient clinical weight-restoring rehabilitative program (Time 2). Results were compared to a healthy control group. Our findings indicated that higher levels of interoceptive metacognitive awareness were associated with a greater embodiment. However, unlike in healthy participants, AN patients' interoceptive metacognition was linked to embodiment even in multisensory mismatching (asynchronous) conditions. In addition, unlike in healthy participants, higher interoceptive metacognition in AN patients was related to prior abnormal bodily distortions during the acute symptomatology phase. Prediction errors in bodily estimates predicted posterior bodily estimate distortions after the illusion, but while this relationship was only significant in the synchronous condition in healthy participants, there was no significant difference between synchronous and asynchronous conditions in AN patients. Despite the success of the rehabilitation program in restoring some dysfunctional patterns in the AN group, prediction errors and posterior estimate distortions were present at hospital discharge. Our findings suggest that individuals with AN prioritize interoceptive metacognitive processes (i.e., confidence in their own perceived sensations rather than their actual perceptions), disregarding bottom-up bodily inputs in favour of their prior altered top-down beliefs. Moreover, even if the rehabilitative program partially mitigated these alterations, the pathological condition impaired the patients' ability to coherently update their prior erroneous expectations with real-time multisensory bottom-up bodily information, possibly locking the patients in the experience of a distorted prior top-down belief. These results suggest new therapeutic perspectives and introduce the framework of regenerative virtual therapy (RVT), which aims at utilizing technology-based somatic modification techniques to restructure the maladaptive priors underlying a pathological condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele DI Lernia
- Humane Technology Lab, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Serino
- Humane Technology Lab, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Milano, Italy
| | - Cosimo Tuena
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Cacciatore
- UO di Endocrinologia e Malattie Metaboliche, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Polli
- UO di Endocrinologia e Malattie Metaboliche, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Humane Technology Lab, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Milano, Italy
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
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Tuena C, Borghesi F, Bruni F, Cavedoni S, Maestri S, Riva G, Tettamanti M, Liperoti R, Rossi L, Ferrarin M, Stramba-Badiale M. Correction: Technology-Assisted Cognitive Motor Dual-Task Rehabilitation in Chronic Age-Related Conditions: Systematic Review. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e51591. [PMID: 37751594 PMCID: PMC10565613 DOI: 10.2196/51591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/44484.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo Tuena
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology LabIstituto Auxologico ItalianoIstituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere ScientificoMilanItaly
| | | | | | - Silvia Cavedoni
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology LabIstituto Auxologico ItalianoIstituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere ScientificoMilanItaly
| | - Sara Maestri
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology LabIstituto Auxologico ItalianoIstituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere ScientificoMilanItaly
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology LabIstituto Auxologico ItalianoIstituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere ScientificoMilanItaly
- Humane Technology LabUniversità Cattolica del Sacro CuoreMilanItaly
| | - Mauro Tettamanti
- Laboratory of Geriatric EpidemiologyIstituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario NegriIstituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere ScientificoMilanItaly
| | - Rosa Liperoti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino GemelliIstituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere ScientificoRomeItaly
| | | | - Maurizio Ferrarin
- Fondazione Don Carlo GnocchiIstituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere ScientificoMilanItaly
| | - Marco Stramba-Badiale
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular MedicineIstituto Auxologico ItalianoIstituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere ScientificoMilanItaly
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Urbanelli A, Testi F, Riva G, Pecorari G. Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma of the Frontal Sinus: A Case Report. Hematol Rep 2023; 15:524-531. [PMID: 37754670 PMCID: PMC10530339 DOI: 10.3390/hematolrep15030055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL). It often involves the gastrointestinal tract, head and neck, and skin, but virtually any tissue or organ can be affected. The primary NHL of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are extremely rare, causing diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties. We present the case of a 49-year-old woman with a 4-week history of diplopia and right superior eyelid swelling. Clinical, radiological, and histological examination led to the diagnosis of DLBCL of the right frontal sinus with anterior invasion of subcutaneous soft tissues and posterior intracranial involvement of the frontal region. She underwent three cycles of MATRIX chemotherapy, three cycles of R-DA-EPOCH, and CAR-T therapy. Unfortunately, treatments were unsuccessful and the patient died 11 months after diagnosis. In conclusion, an early diagnosis of DLBCL of the frontal sinus is difficult as it is often confused with other nasal pathologies. This causes a delay in treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Giuseppe Riva
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Via Genova 3, 10126 Turin, Italy; (A.U.); (F.T.); (G.P.)
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Natali P, Debbia D, Cucinelli MR, Nasillo V, Riva G, Cigliana G, Carnazzo V, Trenti T, Marino M, Basile U. A new challenge for urinary free light chains: assessment of the upper reference limit in healthy subjects. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:8915-8923. [PMID: 37782200 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202309_33812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Free light chains (FLCs) can be measured in both urine (uFLC) and serum (sFLC) in immunochemistry. We aim to compare FLC levels in serum and urine assessed among healthy volunteers and measured upper reference limits (URLs) of urinary FLC to creatinine ratio (uFLC/uCr) in mg/g to compare with the manufacturer's recommended URLs. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eligibility criteria: normal serum and urine FLC measure and negative serum/urinary immunofixation. Immunoturbidimetry was used to assess both κ and λ FLCs. The URLs were calculated with the 97.5th percentile of uFLC concentrations according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute recommendations. RESULTS 126 healthy subjects (median age 46 years, 62% females) met the inclusion criteria. Median concentrations of κ and λ sFLCs were similar both for males and females without significant differences. κ and λ uFLCs were significantly higher in males than in females (p < 0.001 and p = 0.004, respectively). Slower clearance for λ FLC compared to κ FLC was observed with an increased κ/λ uFLC ratio in both males and females. URLs for male and female subjects: κ uFLC mg/g uCr = 34.35 vs. 23.18, and λ uFLC mg/g uCr = 3.59 vs. 1.96, respectively compared well with manufacturer's URLs. CONCLUSIONS FLC catabolism is gender-dependent and occurs less rapidly in λ FLC than in κ FLC. The determination of the URL of uFLC, as uFLC/uCr, in healthy subjects in morning urine, proved to be consistent with the manufacturer's recommendations, but with a significant difference according to gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Natali
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria e Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale di Modena, Modena, Italy.
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Pecorari G, Piazza F, Borgione M, Prizio C, Galli Della Mantica G, Garetto M, Gedda F, Riva G. The role of intranasal corticosteroids in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis treated with dupilumab. Am J Otolaryngol 2023; 44:103927. [PMID: 37245323 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2023.103927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dupilumab represents an innovative and effective therapy for refractory/recurrent severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Intranasal corticosteroids should be used during treatment with biological agents. However, adherence to nasal therapy may not be complete. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of intranasal corticosteroids in patients with CRSwNP who underwent treatment with dupilumab. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-two patients treated with dupilumab for CRSwNP were enrolled. Clinical parameters (age, sex, comorbidities, blood eosinophils, Nasal Polyp Score - NPS, Visual Analogue Scale - VAS - for smell loss, Asthma Control Test - ACT), quality of life (Sino Nasal Outcome Test 22 - SNOT-22 questionnaire), nasal cytology, and adherence to regular administration of intranasal corticosteroids were recorded before treatment (T0), and after 3 (T1), 6 (T2), and 12 months (T3). RESULTS NPS, VAS for smell, ACT and SNOT-22 total score and subscores improved during treatment (p < 0.05). Blood eosinophils reached a peak at T1-T2 and then decreased toward baseline at T3. Adherence to regular treatment with intranasal steroids was 61.5 %. No statistically significant differences in all the clinical outcomes were observed between patients who regularly used intranasal steroids and other subjects (p > 0.05). Nasal cytology showed a decrease of eosinophils and an increase of neutrophils during treatment. CONCLUSIONS Dupilumab is still effective in patients who are using topical nasal steroids with variable adherence (real world settings).
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Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Pecorari
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Via Genova 3, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Piazza
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Via Genova 3, Turin, Italy
| | - Mario Borgione
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Via Genova 3, Turin, Italy
| | - Carmine Prizio
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Via Genova 3, Turin, Italy
| | - Gregorio Galli Della Mantica
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Via Genova 3, Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Garetto
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Via Genova 3, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Gedda
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Via Genova 3, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Via Genova 3, Turin, Italy.
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Tuena C, Zeng L, Hashmi M, Riva G. VRBodyMem: A Virtual Full-Body Illusion for the Study of Episodic Memory. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2023; 26:724-726. [PMID: 37358797 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2023.29287.ceu] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo Tuena
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ling Zeng
- Universidade Lusofona de Humanidades e Technologias-ULHT, Lisbon, Portugal
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Maria Hashmi
- Universidade Lusofona de Humanidades e Technologias-ULHT, Lisbon, Portugal
- Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Pagnini F, Barbiani D, Cavalera C, Volpato E, Grosso F, Minazzi GA, Vailati Riboni F, Graziano F, Di Tella S, Manzoni GM, Silveri MC, Riva G, Phillips D. Placebo and Nocebo Effects as Bayesian-Brain Phenomena: The Overlooked Role of Likelihood and Attention. Perspect Psychol Sci 2023; 18:1217-1229. [PMID: 36656800 DOI: 10.1177/17456916221141383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The Bayesian-brain framework applied to placebo responses and other mind-body interactions suggests that the effects on the body result from the interaction between priors, such as expectations and learning, and likelihood, such as somatosensorial information. Significant research in this area focuses on the role of the priors, but the relevance of the likelihood has been surprisingly overlooked. One way of manipulating the relevance of the likelihood is by paying attention to sensorial information. We suggest that attention can influence both precision and position (i.e., the relative distance from the priors) of the likelihood by focusing on specific components of the somatosensorial information. Two forms of attention seem particularly relevant in this framework: mindful attention and selective attention. Attention has the potential to be considered a "major player" in placebo/nocebo research, together with expectations and learning. In terms of application, relying on attentional strategies as "amplifiers" or "silencers" of sensorial information could lead to an active involvement of individuals in shaping their care process and health. In this contribution, we discuss the theoretical implications of these intuitions with the aim to provide a comprehensive framework that includes Bayesian brain, placebo/nocebo effects, and the role of attention in mind-body interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diletta Barbiani
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona
| | - Cesare Cavalera
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore
| | - Eleonora Volpato
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Francesca Graziano
- Bicocca Bioinformatics Biostatistics and Bioimaging B4 Center, University of Milano-Bicocca
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano
| | - Sonia Di Tella
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore
| | | | | | - Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS
- Humane Technology Lab., Catholic University of Milan
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Riva G, Di Lernia D, Tuena C, Bernardelli L, Maldonado JG, Ferrer-Garcia M, Porras-Garcia B, Meyer ML, Shiban Y, Castelnuovo G, Pagnini F, Pedroli E, Sforza F, Clementi A, Sansoni M, Wiederhold BK, Serino S. A Self-Help Virtual Therapeutic Experience Intervention for Overcoming Psychological Distress Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results From the European Multicentric COVID Feel Good Trial. Psychosom Med 2023; 85:639-650. [PMID: 37053096 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The general objective of the current study was to investigate the efficacy of a novel self-help virtual therapeutic experience (specifically, the COVID Feel Good intervention) in lowering the psychological burden experienced during the COVID-19 lockdowns in four European countries. METHODS We focused on participants recruited from June 2020 to May 2021 in the context of a European multicenter project including four university/academic sites. The total number of participants in the longitudinal studies was 107 (study 1, N = 40; study 2, N = 29; study 3, N = 38). The randomized controlled trial (study 4) included 31 participants in total, 16 in the intervention group and 15 in the control group. Primary outcome measures were depression, anxiety, stress symptoms, perceived stress level, and perceived hopelessness. The secondary outcome was experienced social connectedness. RESULTS Using separate linear mixed-effects models, the most consistent result across countries was a reduction in perceived stress after the participation in the COVID Feel Good intervention. By pooling the results of the models using a random-effects meta-analysis, we found that after the COVID Feel Good intervention, participants reported a decrease in perceived general distress (mean standardized effect size for general distress in the treatment groups compared with the control conditions was -0.52 [ p = .008, 95% confidence interval = -0.89 to -0.14]) and an increase in the perceived social connection (mean standardized effect size for social connection using COVID Feel Good compared with the control conditions was 0.50 [ p ≤ .001, 95% confidence interval = 0.25 to 0.76]). CONCLUSIONS Findings of this study indicate that a virtual self-help intervention is effective in reducing psychological distress. These results contribute to the growing literature supporting the use of digital psychological therapies to relieve psychological distress among the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic.Trial Registration : ISRCTN63887521.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Riva
- From the Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano (Riva, Tuena, Pedroli); Humane Technology Lab, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (Riva, Di Lernia, Pedroli); Become-Hub (Bernardelli, Sforza, Pedroli), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology (Gutiérrez Maldonado, Ferrer-Garcia, Porras-Garcia, Pedroli), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Psychology (Meyer, Shiban, Pedroli), Private University of Applied Science, Goettingen, Germany; Clinical Psychology Research Laboratory (Castelnuovo, Pedroli), Ospedale San Giuseppe, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Verbania; Department of Psychology (Castelnuovo, Pagnini, Pedroli, Clementi, Sansoni, Serino), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy; Faculty of Psychology (Pedroli), University of eCampus, Novedrate, Italy; Virtual Reality Medical Center (Wiederhold), La Jolla, California; Virtual Reality Medical Institute (Wiederhold), Brussels, Belgium
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Felnhofer A, Martinek D, Pazour P, Riva G. PAIN-EX: Probing Alternative Interventions for Neutralizing pain EXperiences via Embodiment in Virtual Reality. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2023; 26:662-664. [PMID: 37335953 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2023.29286.ceu] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Felnhofer
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, CCP, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Martinek
- Doctoral School Computer Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Pazour
- Doctoral School Computer Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
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Tuena C, Maestri S, Serino S, Pedroli E, Stramba-Badiale M, Riva G. Prognostic relevance of gait-related cognitive functions for dementia conversion in amnestic mild cognitive impairment. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:462. [PMID: 37525134 PMCID: PMC10388514 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04175-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing research suggests that gait abnormalities can be a risk factor for Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Notably, there is growing evidence highlighting this risk factor in individuals with amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI), however further studies are needed. The aim of this study is to analyze cognitive tests results and brain-related measures over time in aMCI and examine how the presence of gait abnormalities (neurological or orthopedic) or normal gait affects these trends. Additionally, we sought to assess the significance of gait and gait-related measures as prognostic indicators for the progression from aMCI to AD dementia, comparing those who converted to AD with those who remained with a stable aMCI diagnosis during the follow-up. METHODS Four hundred two individuals with aMCI from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database were included. Robust linear mixed-effects models were used to study the impact of gait abnormalities on a comprehensive neuropsychological battery over 36 months while controlling for relevant medical variables at baseline. The impact of gait on brain measures was also investigated. Lastly, the Cox proportional-hazards model was used to explore the prognostic relevance of abnormal gait and neuropsychological associated tests. RESULTS While controlling for relevant covariates, we found that gait abnormalities led to a greater decline over time in attention (DSST) and global cognition (MMSE). Intriguingly, psychomotor speed (TMT-A) and divided attention (TMT-B) declined uniquely in the abnormal gait group. Conversely, specific AD global cognition tests (ADAS-13) and auditory-verbal memory (RAVLT immediate recall) declined over time independently of gait profile. All the other cognitive tests were not significantly affected by time or by gait profile. In addition, we found that ventricles size increased faster in the abnormal gait group compared to the normal gait group. In terms of prognosis, abnormal gait (HR = 1.7), MMSE (HR = 1.09), and DSST (HR = 1.03) covariates showed a higher impact on AD dementia conversion. CONCLUSIONS The importance of the link between gait and related cognitive functions in terms of diagnosis, prognosis, and rehabilitation in aMCI is critical. We showed that in aMCI gait abnormalities lead to executive functions/attention deterioration and conversion to AD dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo Tuena
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Sara Maestri
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Serino
- Department of Psychology, Università degli Studi Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Pedroli
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Faculty of Psychology, Università eCampus, Novedrate, Italy
| | - Marco Stramba-Badiale
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Humane Technology Lab, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
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Riva G, Urbanelli A, Trossarello M, Piazza F, Pecorari G. Nasal Cytology Changes in Head and Neck Cancer Treatment: A Systemic Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2480. [PMID: 37568843 PMCID: PMC10417495 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13152480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasal cytology is a non-invasive, low-cost exam that can help physicians in the diagnosis of allergic and nonallergic rhinitis, discriminating between different nasal disorders. The aim of this review is to summarize and analyze the current knowledge about nasal cytological examination in head and neck cancer, with a specific focus on the effects of different treatments. Indeed, nasal cytology is important to choose the best treatment for nasal complaints in each patient. A review of the English literature (PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane) was performed (5404 records screened). The inclusion criteria were clinical trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, case series, and case reports regarding nasal cytology in head and neck cancer treatment. Exclusion criteria were as follows: non-human studies, non-English literature, non-cytological evaluations. Two independent reviewers, working separately, extracted the data from all the eligible studies, which were subsequently cross-checked. Five studies were included in qualitative synthesis: three assessed mucosal disorders after radiation therapy and two after total laryngectomy. Radiotherapy can determine mucous or squamous cell metaplasia and neutrophil inflammation. Laryngectomees show hyperplasia of the basal zone cells and mucous cell metaplasia, and they do not develop inflammatory changes. The main limitation of this review is the low number and heterogeneity of studies present in the literature. In conclusion, nasal cytology is useful and allows for identifying mucosal disorders of the nasal cavities after surgery and/or radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. This can help physicians to better treat the nasal complaints of such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Riva
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (A.U.); (M.T.); (F.P.); (G.P.)
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Magni G, Tuena C, Riva G. A predictive coding approach to psychedelic virtual-induced hallucinations and creative cognition in aging. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1219052. [PMID: 37484922 PMCID: PMC10359985 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1219052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent research has investigated the potential of psychedelic substances in treating various neurological and psychiatric disorders. In particular, there has been a growth in studies concerning the intersection of psychedelics, Virtual Reality (VR), and Cognitive Flexibility (CF). Indeed, the use of immersive technology allows the simulation of the perceptual and cognitive effects of psychedelic substances without the potential risks associated with them. CF is strongly associated with creative cognition, a complex cognitive mechanism involved in creative thinking and associated with the prefrontal cortex and the neural networks supporting executive functions, memory, attention, and spontaneous modes of thought. The Bayesian brain approach, which is rooted in predictive coding, has emerged as a promising framework for understanding the effects of psychedelic hallucinations on cognitive functioning. Psychedelic substances may enhance creativity by inducing a state of CF, allowing for a wider range of associations and possibilities to be explored and increasing openness to experience. A decline in cognitive abilities, including creative processing and divergent thinking, is observed during the aging process. In particular, studies on Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) show poorer performance in executive functions, including CF. The present paper suggests that psychedelic hallucinations induced by VR may help optimize the balance between top-down expectations and bottom-up sensory information. Therefore, enhanced CF and creativity may be crucial during the aging process for maintaining cognitive functions and preventing pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Magni
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cosimo Tuena
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Humane Technology Lab, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
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Cialdini V, Di Lernia D, Riva G. SyncWork: Comparison of Brain Synchrony between Agile and Face-to-Face Work Using an EEG Hyperscanning Paradigm. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2023. [PMID: 37339462 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2023.29285.ceu] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Cialdini
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Di Lernia
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
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Borgnis F, Borghesi F, Rossetto F, Pedroli E, Meloni M, Riva G, Baglio F, Cipresso P. Psychometric validation for a brand-new tool for the assessment of executive functions using 360° technology. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8613. [PMID: 37244936 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35530-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
EXecutive-functions Innovative Tool 360° (EXIT 360°) is an original 360° instrument for an ecologically valid and multicomponent evaluation of executive functioning. This work aimed to test the diagnostic efficacy of EXIT 360° in distinguishing executive functioning between healthy controls (HC) and patients with Parkinson's Disease (PwPD), a neurodegenerative disease in which executive dysfunction is the best-defined cognitive impairment in the early stage. 36 PwPD and 44 HC underwent a one-session evaluation that involved (1) neuropsychological evaluation of executive functionality using traditional paper-and-pencil tests, (2) EXIT 360° session and (3) usability assessment. Our findings revealed that PwPD made significantly more errors in completing EXIT 360° and took longer to conclude the test. A significant correlation appeared between neuropsychological tests and EXIT 360° scores, supporting a good convergent validity. Classification analysis indicated the potential of the EXIT 360° for distinguishing between PwPD and HC in terms of executive functioning. Moreover, indices from EXIT 360° showed higher diagnostic accuracy in predicting PD group membership compared to traditional neuropsychological tests. Interestingly, EXIT 360° performance was not affected by technological usability issues. Overall, this study offers evidence that EXIT 360° can be considered an ecological tool highly sensitive to detect subtle executive deficits in PwPD since the initial phases of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Borgnis
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, Via Capecelatro 66, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Federica Rossetto
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, Via Capecelatro 66, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Pedroli
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Faculty of Psychology, eCampus University, Novedrate, Italy
| | - Mario Meloni
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, Via Capecelatro 66, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Humane Technology Lab, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Baglio
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, Via Capecelatro 66, Milan, Italy.
| | - Pietro Cipresso
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
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Chorzępa M, Sansoni M, De Gaspari S, Riva G. Tricking Your Brain into Loving Your Body: The Integrated Power of Body Illusions and Interoceptive Technologies. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2023. [PMID: 37252773 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2023.29281.ceu] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Sansoni
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano De Gaspari
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
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Cardella A, Riva G, Preti A, Albera A, Luzi L, Albera R, Cadei D, Motatto GM, Omenetti F, Pecorari G, Ottaviani F, Mozzanica F. Italian version of the brief Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders (brief-IT-QOD). Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 2023:1-10. [PMID: 37224170 PMCID: PMC10366567 DOI: 10.14639/0392-100x-n2212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Italian brief-QOD (Brief-IT-QOD). Methods The study consisted of six phases: item generation, reliability analysis (112 dysosmic patients for internal consistency analysis and 61 for test-retest reliability analysis), normative data generation (303 normosmic subjects), validity analysis (comparison of Brief-IT-QOD scores of healthy and dysosmic subjects and scores correlation with psychophysical olfactory testing (TDI) and SNOT-22 scores), responsiveness analysis (10 dysosmic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) patients before and after biologic therapy), and cut-off value determination (ROC curve analysis of Brief-IT-QOD sensitivity and specificity). Results All subjects completed the Brief-IT-QOD. Internal consistency (α > 0.70) and test-retest reliability (ICC > 0.7) were acceptable and satisfactory for both questionnaire subscales. A significant difference between dysosmic and control subjects was found in both subscales (p < 0.05). Significant correlations between subscales scores and TDI and SNOT-22 scores were observed. Brief-IT-QOD scores before treatment were significantly higher than after biological therapy. Conclusions Brief-IT-QOD is reliable, valid, responsive to changes in QoL, and recommended for clinical practice and outcome research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Cardella
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, IRCCS Multimedica, Ospedale San Giuseppe, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Preti
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, IRCCS Multimedica, Ospedale San Giuseppe, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Albera
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Livio Luzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Multimedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Albera
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Davide Cadei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, IRCCS Multimedica, Ospedale San Giuseppe, Milan, Italy
| | - Gian Marco Motatto
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Filippo Omenetti
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, IRCCS Multimedica, Ospedale San Giuseppe, Milan, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Pecorari
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Ottaviani
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, IRCCS Multimedica, Ospedale San Giuseppe, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Mozzanica
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, IRCCS Multimedica, Ospedale San Giuseppe, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Tuena C, Borghesi F, Bruni F, Cavedoni S, Maestri S, Riva G, Tettamanti M, Liperoti R, Rossi L, Ferrarin M, Stramba-Badiale M. Technology-Assisted Cognitive Motor Dual-Task Rehabilitation in Chronic Age-Related Conditions: Systematic Review. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e44484. [PMID: 37213200 PMCID: PMC10242476 DOI: 10.2196/44484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive-motor dual-task (CMDT) is defined as the parallel processing of motor (eg, gait) and cognitive (eg, executive functions) activities and is an essential ability in daily life. Older adults living with frailty, chronic conditions (eg, neurodegenerative diseases), or multimorbidity pay high costs during CMDT. This can have serious consequences on the health and safety of older adults with chronic age-related conditions. However, CMDT rehabilitation can provide useful and effective therapies for these patients, particularly if delivered through technological devices. OBJECTIVE This review aims to describe the current technological applications, CMDT rehabilitative procedures, target populations, condition assessment, and efficacy and effectiveness of technology-assisted CMDT rehabilitation in chronic age-related conditions. METHODS We performed this systematic review, following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, on 3 databases (Web of Science, Embase, and PubMed). Original articles that were published in English; involved older adults (>65 years) with ≥1 chronic condition and/or frailty; and tested, with a clinical trial, a technology-assisted CMDT rehabilitation against a control condition were included. Risk of bias (Cochrane tool) and the RITES (Rating of Included Trials on the Efficacy-Effectiveness Spectrum) tool were used to evaluate the included studies. RESULTS A total of 1097 papers were screened, and 8 (0.73%) studies met the predefined inclusion criteria for this review. The target conditions for technology-assisted CMDT rehabilitation included Parkinson disease and dementia. However, little information regarding multimorbidity, chronicity, or frailty status is available. The primary outcomes included falls, balance, gait parameters, dual-task performance, and executive functions and attention. CMDT technology mainly consists of a motion-tracking system combined with virtual reality. CMDT rehabilitation involves different types of tasks (eg, obstacle negotiation and CMDT exercises). Compared with control conditions, CMDT training was found to be pleasant, safe, and effective particularly for dual-task performances, falls, gait, and cognition, and the effects were maintained at midterm follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Despite further research being mandatory, technology-assisted CMDT rehabilitation is a promising method to enhance motor-cognitive functions in older adults with chronic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo Tuena
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Silvia Cavedoni
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Maestri
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Milan, Italy
- Humane Technology Lab, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Mauro Tettamanti
- Laboratory of Geriatric Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosa Liperoti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorena Rossi
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ferrarin
- Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Stramba-Badiale
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Milan, Italy
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Di Lernia D, Riva G. INSIDE-OUT: An Innovative Sound Technology for Altering Interoceptive Signals. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2023; 26:386-388. [PMID: 37092972 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2023.29279.ceu] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Humane Technology Lab, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
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Triberti S, Torre DL, Riva G. The Artificial Face (ART-F) Project: Addressing the Problem of Interpretability, Interface, and Trust in Artificial Intelligence. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2023; 26:318-320. [PMID: 36961433 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2023.29273.ceu] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Triberti
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Università Telematica Pegaso, Naples, Italy
| | - Davide La Torre
- SKEMA Business School, Université Côte d'Azur, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Humane Technology Lab, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Malighetti C, Bernardelli L, Pancini E, Riva G, Villani D. Promoting Emotional and Psychological Well-Being During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Self-Help Virtual Reality Intervention for University Students. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2023; 26:309-317. [PMID: 36940285 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2022.0246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Abstract
Mental health problems are very common among university students, and the situation worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic. The closure of universities, the restrictions imposed, and the reduction of social activities led to considerable changes in students' lives, thus posing new mental health and emotional challenges. Within this context, promoting university students' general well-being, in particular emotional and psychological well-being, becomes essential. In addition to the possibility of online interventions aimed at overcoming distance limitations and reaching people at their home, other advanced technologies such as virtual reality (VR) have demonstrated the potential to improve people's well-being, quality of life, and positive experiences. The study reported in this article is aimed at exploring the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a self-help VR intervention lasting 3 weeks in promoting emotional well-being in university students. Forty-two university students voluntarily participated in a six-session intervention. In each session, a different virtual scenario was presented: two relaxing experiences and four transformative experiences based on metaphors or metaphoric ones aimed at encouraging students to be aware of their emotions and positive resources. Students were randomly allocated to an experimental group and to a waiting list group that started the intervention after 3 weeks. Before and after the six sessions, participants completed an assessment by completing online questionnaires. Results showed a significant increase in both emotional well-being and psychological well-being in the experimental group compared to the waiting list group. The majority of participants said that they would recommend the experience to other students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clelia Malighetti
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Elisa Pancini
- Research Center in Communication Psychology, Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano (IRCCS), Milano, Italy
- Humane Technology Lab, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Villani
- Research Center in Communication Psychology, Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
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Farahimanesh S, Serino S, Tuena C, Di Lernia D, Wiederhold BK, Bernardelli L, Riva G, Moradi A. Effectiveness of a Virtual-Reality-Based Self-Help Intervention for Lowering the Psychological Burden during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial in Iran. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12052006. [PMID: 36902793 PMCID: PMC10004117 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12052006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic. In this framework, digital self-help interventions have the potential to provide flexible and scalable solutions for delivering evidence-based treatments that do not necessitate face-to-face meetings. OBJECTIVE as part of a multicentric project, the purpose of the current randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the efficacy of a Virtual-Reality-based self-help intervention (namely, COVID Feel Good) in lowering the psychological distress experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran. METHODS 60 participants were randomly assigned to the experimental (COVID Feel Good intervention group) or the control (no-treatment control group) condition. At the beginning of the intervention (Day 0), at the end of the intervention (Day 7), and after a 2-week follow-up (Day 21), measurements of depressive and anxiety levels, general distress, perceived levels of stress, hopelessness (primary outcome measures), perceived interpersonal closeness with the social world, and fear of COVID-19 (secondary outcome measure) were collected. The protocol consists of two integrated parts: the first part includes a relaxing 10-min three-hundred-sixty-degree (360°) video, while the second one includes social tasks with specified objectives. RESULTS In terms of the primary outcomes, participants in the COVID Feel Good intervention group improved in depression, stress, anxiety, and perceived stress but not hopelessness. Secondary outcome results showed an improvement in perceived social connectedness and a substantial decrease in fear of COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS these findings on the efficacy of COVID Feel Good training add to the growing body of evidence demonstrating the feasibility of digital self-help interventions in promoting well-being during this unique period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharareh Farahimanesh
- Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983969411, Iran
- Institute for Cognitive Science Studies, Tehran 1658344575, Iran
- Correspondence:
| | - Silvia Serino
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Milan, Italy
| | - Cosimo Tuena
- Applied Technology for Neuropsychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20145 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Di Lernia
- Humane Technology Lab, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Milan, Italy
| | - Brenda K. Wiederhold
- Virtual Reality Medical Center, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Virtual Reality Medical Institute, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuropsychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20145 Milan, Italy
- Humane Technology Lab, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Milan, Italy
| | - Alireza Moradi
- Institute for Cognitive Science Studies, Tehran 1658344575, Iran
- Faculty of Psychology & Education, Department of Psychology, Kharazmi University, Tehran 1571914911, Iran
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Bartolotta S, Gaggioli A, Riva G. The META-Learning Project: Design and Evaluation of an Experiential-Learning Intervention in the Metaverse for Soft Skills Improvement. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2023; 26:221-224. [PMID: 36827312 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2023.29268.ceu] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Bartolotta
- Experience Lab., Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Gaggioli
- Research Center in Communication Psychology, Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab., IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab., IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Humane Technology Lab., Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Tuena C, Serino S, Stramba-Badiale C, Pedroli E, Goulene KM, Stramba-Badiale M, Riva G. Usability of an Embodied CAVE System for Spatial Navigation Training in Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12051949. [PMID: 36902733 PMCID: PMC10003531 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12051949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) usually report navigation and spatial memory impairments. Spatial navigation is an embodied process that requires the active involvement of both physical (e.g., motor commands and proprioception) and cognitive (e.g., decision-making and mental rotation) information. Immersive virtual reality (IVR) is a valuable tool that employs this information as real-world navigation does. Given the crucial impact of spatial navigation on daily life, research should focus on ways to enhance it. Though they are still in their development, contemporary IVR methods for spatial navigation training in MCI seem promising. In this usability study, eight patients with MCI syndrome tested an IVR spatial navigation training demo and interacted with the CAVE using active stereo glasses, a foot-motion pad, and a joypad. During the demo, users were asked to report their impressions on the IVR training using the thinking-aloud procedure. Moreover, questionnaires regarding usability, presence and cybersickness were administered at the end of the experience. Our results show that the first version of this system is usable by the patients even if most of them did not have experience with PC/IVR. The system provided a moderate sense of spatial presence and limited negative effects. Issues found during the thinking-aloud procedure concerned the visual aspects, which affected the interaction user-system. Participants reported that they needed more practice with the foot-motion pad even though the overall experience was positively evaluated. Identifying these critical features was essential to develop an improved version of the current system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo Tuena
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Via Magnasco 2, 20149 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-61-911-2726
| | - Silvia Serino
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Gemelli, 1, 20121 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Stramba-Badiale
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Via Magnasco 2, 20149 Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Pedroli
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Via Magnasco 2, 20149 Milan, Italy
- Faculty of Psychology, Università eCampus, Via Isimbardi 10, 22060 Novedrate, Italy
| | - Karine Marie Goulene
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Via Mosè Bianchi 90, 20149 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Stramba-Badiale
- Department of Geriatrics and Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Via Mosè Bianchi 90, 20149 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Via Magnasco 2, 20149 Milan, Italy
- Humane Technology Lab, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Gemelli, 1, 20121 Milan, Italy
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