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Silveri MC, Lo Monaco MR, Tondinelli A, Petracca M, Zinzi P, Fragapane S, Pozzi G, Pagnini F, Bentivoglio AR, Di Tella S. Social cognition in Parkinson's disease and functional movement disorders. Neurol Sci 2024:10.1007/s10072-024-07452-5. [PMID: 38521891 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-024-07452-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Functional movement disorders (FMD) can overlap with Parkinson's disease (PD), and distinguishing between the two clinical conditions can be complex. Framing social cognition (theory of mind) (TOM) disorder, attention deficit, and psychodynamic features of FMD and PD may improve diagnosis. METHODS Subjects with FMD and PD and healthy controls (HC) were administered tasks assessing TOM abilities and attention. The psychodynamic hypothesis of conversion disorder was explored by a questionnaire assessing dissociative symptoms. A comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tasks was also administered to FMD and PD. RESULTS Although both FMD and PD scored lower than HC on all TOM tests, significant correlations between TOM and neuropsychological tasks were found only in PD but not in FMD. Only PD showed a reduction in attentional control. Dissociative symptoms occurred only in FMD. DISCUSSION Cognitive-affective disturbances are real in FMD, whereas they are largely dependent on cognitive impairment in PD. Attentional control is preserved in FMD compared to PD, consistent with the hypothesis that overload of voluntary attentional orientation may be at the basis of the onset of functional motor symptoms. On a psychodynamic level, the confirmation of dissociative symptoms in FMD supports the conversion disorder hypothesis. CONCLUSION FMD and PD can be distinguished on an affective and cognitive level. At the same time, however, the objective difficulty often encountered in distinguishing between the two pathologies draws attention to how blurred the boundary between 'organic' and 'functional' can be.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Caterina Silveri
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123, Milan, Italy
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Rita Lo Monaco
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy.
| | - Alice Tondinelli
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Petracca
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Zinzi
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Fragapane
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Gino Pozzi
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Bentivoglio
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Neurology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Sonia Di Tella
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123, Milan, Italy
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Rovaris M, Toselli E, Mendozzi L, Di Tella S, Pirastru A, Blasi V, Baglio F, Ostacoli L, D'Abramo A, Incerti A, Fernandez I, Pagnini F, Cavalera C. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing for depressed individuals with multiple sclerosis: A pilot study. Mult Scler 2024:13524585241230236. [PMID: 38372030 DOI: 10.1177/13524585241230236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple studies have highlighted elevated rates of depression among individuals with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), with its associated symptoms posing a significant threat to overall well-being. Moreover, existing literature suggests a potential interconnection between depressive manifestations and the decline of physical functionalities in the context of MS. OBJECTIVE to examine the viability of the Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy protocol for the treatment of depressive disorders (DeprEND) for alleviating depression in individuals with MS. METHODS We conducted a process-outcome study to examine the feasibilty and effectiveness DeprEND enrolling 13 individuals with MS and depressive symtpoms. Psychological and physical assessment pre-, post-intervention and 3-month follow-up were included. Pre- and post-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were conducted to analyze potential alterations in brain function. RESULTS The EMDR DeprEND treatment showed a high level of adherence and feasibility. Significant reductions in depressive symptoms were found at post-intervention and at 3 months follow-up. No significant differences were observed in terms of physical symptoms. A significant modulation observed in parietal and premotor areas when examining negative valence stimuli post-treatment was found. CONCLUSION for The EMDR DeprEND protocol may represent a feasible and cost-effective treatment for reducing depressive symptoms in MS patients and improving their mental well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Rovaris
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Toselli
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Sonia Di Tella
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Valeria Blasi
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Luca Ostacoli
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Alessia Incerti
- CRSP, Centro di Ricerca e Studi in Psicotraumatologia, Milano, Italy
| | - Isabel Fernandez
- CRSP, Centro di Ricerca e Studi in Psicotraumatologia, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano, Italy
| | - Cesare Cavalera
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano, Italy
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Volpato E, Banfi P, Poletti V, Pagnini F. Living beyond loss: a qualitative investigation of caregivers' experiences after the death of their relatives with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2024; 25:75-87. [PMID: 37674380 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2023.2255628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caregivers of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) patients experience varying psychological responses following the patient's death, including sadness, loneliness, guilt, and a loss of purpose. OBJECTIVES This research aims to investigate the caregiver journey experienced from the time of diagnosis to the loss of a care recipient, with a specific focus on understanding the factors that contribute to improved coping with bereavement. METHODS The present study used the Interpretative Phenomenological Approach (IPA) to qualitatively explore the accounts of 41 Italian bereaved caregivers of people affected by ALS (Mean Age = 59.78; Female: 60.98%; Male: 39.02%). RESULTS Results revealed 5 overarching themes representing 5 macro areas that emerged from the analysis of the interviews ("Caregiver's perception of his/her life", "Caregiver's feelings", "Caregiver's life after patient's death", "Caregiver's disease description", "Caregiver's help resources"), these were further defined based on 12 main themes, which were, in turn, articulated into 30 subthemes. The transition from life before ALS ("a peaceful landscape") to caregiver life (compared to the color "black") was a "shock", during which caregivers had to change their needs. However, life after the person living with ALS' death was both characterized by a sense of "re-birth" and "emptiness", and a general need for "psychological assistance" and "social support". CONCLUSIONS Results emphasize the need to improve the psychological support offered to caregivers of person living with ALS after the patient's death, tailoring it to the specificity of the condition, to meet their emotional needs, reduce isolation and help them cope with practical challenges and plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Volpato
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy and
- Heart-Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Banfi
- Heart-Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Poletti
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy and
- Heart-Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy and
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Isgrò G, Rogers A, Veeratterapillay R, Rix D, Page T, Maestroni U, Bertolotti L, Pagnini F, Martini C, De Filippo M, Ziglioli F. Role of Renal Biopsy in the Management of Renal Cancer: Concordance between Ultrasound/CT-Guided Biopsy Results and Definitive Pathology, Adverse Events, and Complication Rate. J Clin Med 2023; 13:31. [PMID: 38202038 PMCID: PMC10779766 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: In the last decade, the number of detected renal cancer cases has increased, with the highest incidence in Western countries. Although renal biopsy is reported as a safe procedure, it is not adopted in all centres. As it is not possible to accurately distinguish benign tumours using imaging, this may lead to overtreatment. Most of the cancer detected on imaging is treated by surgery, radiofrequency ablation (RFA), or cryotherapy. (2) Methods: This was a single-centre retrospective study of 225 patients studied preoperatively with ultrasound (US)/CT-guided renal biopsy, with the aim of supporting clinical management. Decisions regarding the biopsy were based on either MDT indication or physician preference. US-guided renal biopsy was the first option for all patients; CT-guided biopsy was used when US-guided biopsy was not feasible. The efficacy of renal biopsy in terms of diagnostic performance and the concordance between biopsy results and definitive pathology were investigated. Additionally, adverse events related to the biopsy were recorded and analysed. Data collected throughout the study were analysed using binary logistic regression, Fisher's exact test, and Pearson's chi-square test to investigate possible correlations between post-procedural complications and the size of the lesion. (3) Results: Renal biopsy was not diagnostic in 23/225 (10.2%) patients. A CT-guided approach was necessary in 20/225 patients after failure of US-guided biopsy. The complication rate of renal biopsy was 4.8% overall-all Clavien grade I and without any serious sequelae. Interestingly, complications occurred in patients with very different sizes of renal cell carcinoma. No correlation between complications and anticoagulant/antiplatelet drugs was found. No seeding was reported among the patients who underwent partial/radical nephrectomy. (4) Conclusions: Renal biopsy was shown to be safe and effective, with a high concordance between biopsy results and definitive pathology and a low rate of complications. The use of a CT-guided approach whenever the US-guided approach failed improved the diagnostic performance of renal biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianmarco Isgrò
- Department of Urology, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough TS4 3BW, UK
| | - Alistair Rogers
- Department of Urology, The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK (R.V.)
| | - Rajan Veeratterapillay
- Department of Urology, The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK (R.V.)
| | - David Rix
- Department of Urology, The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK (R.V.)
| | - Toby Page
- Department of Urology, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough TS4 3BW, UK
| | - Umberto Maestroni
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Parma, 43100 Parma, Italy (F.Z.)
| | - Lorenzo Bertolotti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Radiology, University-Hospital of Parma, 43100 Parma, Italy (M.D.F.)
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Radiology, University-Hospital of Parma, 43100 Parma, Italy (M.D.F.)
| | - Chiara Martini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University-Hospital of Parma, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Massimo De Filippo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Radiology, University-Hospital of Parma, 43100 Parma, Italy (M.D.F.)
| | - Francesco Ziglioli
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Parma, 43100 Parma, Italy (F.Z.)
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Volpato E, Banfi P, Pagnini F. The Interaction Between Asthma, Emotions, and Expectations in the Time of COVID-19. J Asthma Allergy 2023; 16:1157-1175. [PMID: 37881179 PMCID: PMC10596046 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s418840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The main aim was to gain insight into the experience of adult people with a diagnosis of at least 6-months of mild or moderate persistent asthma according to the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA), and their emotions, beliefs, and expectations during the first wave of COVID-19. Methods Qualitative semi-structured interviews using the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) were carried out by phone involving 31 people (mean age=58.2; SD=16.2). Interviews were audio recording, transcribed verbatim and analysed through thematic analysis. Results Five superordinate themes and themes were dedicated to illness (symptoms of asthma; difficulties related to COVID-19), experienced emotions (lockdown period; medical changes; emotions COVID-19 related), beliefs (about asthma; about COVID-19), expectations (related to asthma; related to COVID-19) and behaviours (to protect; risk taken; adherence; contacts with General Practitioners; support). The prevalence of emotions such as fear, worry and anxiety emerged in the participants' narratives. All are accompanied by a preference for action and problem solving. A sense of protection, connection to self and other, and commitment to life were revealed as central concepts for enhancing well-being even at a time of deterring. Discussion The common threads of the presence of uncertainty and vulnerability open the outlook of a treatment that ensures greater continuity and ownership of care in the patient, preserving the sense of self-efficacy even in times of greater instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Volpato
- Department of Psychology, Universita’ Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Banfi
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Psychology, Universita’ Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Frisaldi E, Shaibani A, Benedetti F, Pagnini F. Placebo and nocebo effects and mechanisms associated with pharmacological interventions: an umbrella review. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e077243. [PMID: 37848293 PMCID: PMC10582987 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-077243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This review aimed to summarise the existing knowledge about placebo and nocebo effects associated with pharmacological interventions and their mechanisms. DESIGN Umbrella review, adopting the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2 tool for critical appraisal. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial were searched in September 2022, without any time restriction, for systematic reviews, narrative reviews, original articles. Results were summarised through narrative synthesis, tables, 95% CI. OUTCOME MEASURES Mechanisms underlying placebo/nocebo effects and/or their effect sizes. RESULTS The databases search identified 372 studies, for a total of 158 312 participants, comprising 41 systematic reviews, 312 narrative reviews and 19 original articles. Seventy-three per cent of the examined systematic reviews were of high quality.Our findings revealed that mechanisms underlying placebo and/or nocebo effects have been characterised, at least in part, for: pain, non-noxious somatic sensation, Parkinson's disease, migraine, sleep disorders, intellectual disability, depression, anxiety, dementia, addiction, gynaecological disorders, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, immune and endocrine systems, cardiovascular and respiratory systems, gastrointestinal disorders, skin diseases, influenza and related vaccines, oncology, obesity, physical and cognitive performance. Their magnitude ranged from 0.08 to 2.01 (95% CI 0.37 to 0.89) for placebo effects and from 0.32 to 0.90 (95% CI 0.24 to 1.00) for nocebo effects. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a valuable tool for clinicians and researchers, identifying both results ready for clinical practice and gaps to address in the near future. FUNDING Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy with the 'Finanziamento Ponte 2022' grant. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42023392281.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Frisaldi
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Aziz Shaibani
- Muscle and Nerve Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Fabrizio Benedetti
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
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Bertolotti L, Segato F, Pagnini F, Buti S, Casarin A, Celia A, Ziglioli F, Maestroni U, Pedrazzi G, Ascenti V, Martini C, Cicero C, De Filippo M. Percutaneous Ablation of T1 Renal Masses: Comparative Local Control and Complications after Radiofrequency and Cryoablation. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3059. [PMID: 37835802 PMCID: PMC10572527 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13193059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficacy and complication rates of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and cryoablation (CA) in the treatment of T1 renal masses in two Northern Italy hospitals were retrospectively investigated. Eighty-two patients with 80 T1a tumors and 10 T1b tumors treated with thermal ablation from 2015 through 2020 were included. A total of 43 tumors in 38 patients were treated with RFA (2.3 ± 0.9 cm), and 47 tumors in 44 patients were treated with CA (2.1 ± 0.8 cm). The mean follow-up observation period was 26 ± 19 months. The major complications and efficacy, as measured using the technical success and local tumor recurrence rates, were recorded. There were three (6.9%) technical failures with RFA and one (2.1%) with cryoablation (p = 0.30). Among the 40 tumors that were successfully treated with RFA, 1 tumor (2.5%) developed local tumor recurrence; 5/46 tumors that were treated with cryoablation (10.8%) developed local tumor recurrence (p = 0.17). T1b lesions (4.0 ± 0.7 cm) resulted in 1/6 technically unsuccessful cases with RFA and 0/4 with CA. No recurrent disease was detected in the T1b lesions. Major complications occurred after 2.3% (1/43) of RFAs and 0/47 of cryoablation procedures. RFA and cryoablation are both effective in the treatment of renal masses. Major complications with either procedure are uncommon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Bertolotti
- Section of Radiology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Maggiore Hospital, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, PR, Italy; (L.B.); (F.P.); (M.D.F.)
| | - Federica Segato
- G.B. Rossi University Hospital, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, VR, Italy;
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- Section of Radiology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Maggiore Hospital, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, PR, Italy; (L.B.); (F.P.); (M.D.F.)
| | - Sebastiano Buti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma–Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, PR, Italy;
| | - Andrea Casarin
- Department of Radiology, San Bassiano Hospital, 36061 Bassano del Grappa, VI, Italy; (A.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Antonio Celia
- Department of Urology, San Bassiano Hospital, 36061 Bassano del Grappa, VI, Italy;
| | - Francesco Ziglioli
- Department of Urology, Parma University Hospital, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, PR, Italy; (F.Z.); (U.M.)
| | - Umberto Maestroni
- Department of Urology, Parma University Hospital, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, PR, Italy; (F.Z.); (U.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Pedrazzi
- Centre of Statistic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, PR, Italy;
| | - Velio Ascenti
- Postgraduate School of Radiodiagnostics, Policlinico Universitario, University of Milan, 20133 Milano, MI, Italy;
| | - Chiara Martini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Maggiore Hospital, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, PR, Italy
| | - Calogero Cicero
- Department of Radiology, San Bassiano Hospital, 36061 Bassano del Grappa, VI, Italy; (A.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Massimo De Filippo
- Section of Radiology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Maggiore Hospital, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, PR, Italy; (L.B.); (F.P.); (M.D.F.)
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Maddalo M, Bertolotti L, Mazzilli A, Flore AGM, Perotta R, Pagnini F, Ziglioli F, Maestroni U, Martini C, Caruso D, Ghetti C, De Filippo M. Small Renal Masses: Developing a Robust Radiomic Signature. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4565. [PMID: 37760532 PMCID: PMC10527518 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background and (2) Methods: In this retrospective, observational, monocentric study, we selected a cohort of eighty-five patients (age range 38-87 years old, 51 men), enrolled between January 2014 and December 2020, with a newly diagnosed renal mass smaller than 4 cm (SRM) that later underwent nephrectomy surgery (partial or total) or tumorectomy with an associated histopatological study of the lesion. The radiomic features (RFs) of eighty-five SRMs were extracted from abdominal CTs bought in the portal venous phase using three different CT scanners. Lesions were manually segmented by an abdominal radiologist. Image analysis was performed with the Pyradiomic library of 3D-Slicer. A total of 108 RFs were included for each volume. A machine learning model based on radiomic features was developed to distinguish between benign and malignant small renal masses. The pipeline included redundant RFs elimination, RFs standardization, dataset balancing, exclusion of non-reproducible RFs, feature selection (FS), model training, model tuning and validation of unseen data. (3) Results: The study population was composed of fifty-one RCCs and thirty-four benign lesions (twenty-five oncocytomas, seven lipid-poor angiomyolipomas and two renal leiomyomas). The final radiomic signature included 10 RFs. The average performance of the model on unseen data was 0.79 ± 0.12 for ROC-AUC, 0.73 ± 0.12 for accuracy, 0.78 ± 0.19 for sensitivity and 0.63 ± 0.15 for specificity. (4) Conclusions: Using a robust pipeline, we found that the developed RFs signature is capable of distinguishing RCCs from benign renal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Maddalo
- Medical Physics Unit, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (M.M.); (A.M.); (C.G.)
| | - Lorenzo Bertolotti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Radiology, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (L.B.); (R.P.); (C.M.)
| | - Aldo Mazzilli
- Medical Physics Unit, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (M.M.); (A.M.); (C.G.)
| | | | - Rocco Perotta
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Radiology, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (L.B.); (R.P.); (C.M.)
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- Diagnostic Department, Parma University Hospital, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy;
| | - Francesco Ziglioli
- Department of Urology, Parma University Hospital, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (F.Z.); (U.M.)
| | - Umberto Maestroni
- Department of Urology, Parma University Hospital, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (F.Z.); (U.M.)
| | - Chiara Martini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Radiology, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (L.B.); (R.P.); (C.M.)
- Diagnostic Department, Parma University Hospital, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy;
| | - Damiano Caruso
- Radiology Unit, Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant’Andrea University Hospital, Sapienza-University of Rome, 00100 Rome, Italy
| | - Caterina Ghetti
- Medical Physics Unit, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (M.M.); (A.M.); (C.G.)
| | - Massimo De Filippo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Radiology, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy; (L.B.); (R.P.); (C.M.)
- Diagnostic Department, Parma University Hospital, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy;
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Pinto C, Geraghty AWA, McLoughlin C, Pagnini F, Yardley L, Dennison L. Experiences of psychological interventions in neurodegenerative diseases: a systematic review and thematic synthesis. Health Psychol Rev 2023; 17:416-438. [PMID: 35546326 DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2022.2073901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background: Psychological interventions for managing emotional distress in neurodegenerative diseases are needed, but progressive worsening of symptoms and increasing disability might pose difficulties with engagement. We aimed to synthesise the experiences of engaging with and using psychological interventions in neurodegenerative diseases and identify relevant barriers and facilitators. Methods: Systematic searches were conducted in six electronic databases and results were screened. We included qualitative and mixed methods studies reporting patient or caregivers' views or experiences of psychological interventions. Qualitative data were extracted and thematically synthesised. Results: 34 papers were included, covering a range of diseases and interventions. Engagement was facilitated by flexible intervention formats and tailoring to the specific needs of people with neurodegenerative diseases. Interventions were sometimes inaccessible or burdensome because of physical and cognitive symptoms, and the time and effort required for the intervention. Participants' levels of acceptance and readiness often differed and influenced engagement with the intervention. Across different interventions, participants experienced wide-ranging benefits including changes in insight, perspective, self-efficacy, emotions and relationships. Conclusion: Although people with neurodegenerative diseases and caregivers experience benefits from psychological interventions, burden-reducing adaptations and sensitive tailoring to the specific disease context is required to improve acceptability and engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathryn Pinto
- Department of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Adam W A Geraghty
- Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lucy Yardley
- Department of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Laura Dennison
- Department of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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10
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Pagnini F, Barbiani D, Cavalera C, Volpato E, Grosso F, Minazzi GA, Vailati Riboni F, Graziano F, Di Tella S, Manzoni GM, Silveri MC, Riva G, Phillips D. Placebo and Nocebo Effects as Bayesian-Brain Phenomena: The Overlooked Role of Likelihood and Attention. Perspect Psychol Sci 2023; 18:1217-1229. [PMID: 36656800 DOI: 10.1177/17456916221141383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The Bayesian-brain framework applied to placebo responses and other mind-body interactions suggests that the effects on the body result from the interaction between priors, such as expectations and learning, and likelihood, such as somatosensorial information. Significant research in this area focuses on the role of the priors, but the relevance of the likelihood has been surprisingly overlooked. One way of manipulating the relevance of the likelihood is by paying attention to sensorial information. We suggest that attention can influence both precision and position (i.e., the relative distance from the priors) of the likelihood by focusing on specific components of the somatosensorial information. Two forms of attention seem particularly relevant in this framework: mindful attention and selective attention. Attention has the potential to be considered a "major player" in placebo/nocebo research, together with expectations and learning. In terms of application, relying on attentional strategies as "amplifiers" or "silencers" of sensorial information could lead to an active involvement of individuals in shaping their care process and health. In this contribution, we discuss the theoretical implications of these intuitions with the aim to provide a comprehensive framework that includes Bayesian brain, placebo/nocebo effects, and the role of attention in mind-body interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diletta Barbiani
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona
| | - Cesare Cavalera
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore
| | - Eleonora Volpato
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Francesca Graziano
- Bicocca Bioinformatics Biostatistics and Bioimaging B4 Center, University of Milano-Bicocca
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano
| | - Sonia Di Tella
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore
| | | | | | - Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS
- Humane Technology Lab., Catholic University of Milan
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11
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Riva G, Di Lernia D, Tuena C, Bernardelli L, Maldonado JG, Ferrer-Garcia M, Porras-Garcia B, Meyer ML, Shiban Y, Castelnuovo G, Pagnini F, Pedroli E, Sforza F, Clementi A, Sansoni M, Wiederhold BK, Serino S. A Self-Help Virtual Therapeutic Experience Intervention for Overcoming Psychological Distress Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results From the European Multicentric COVID Feel Good Trial. Psychosom Med 2023; 85:639-650. [PMID: 37053096 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The general objective of the current study was to investigate the efficacy of a novel self-help virtual therapeutic experience (specifically, the COVID Feel Good intervention) in lowering the psychological burden experienced during the COVID-19 lockdowns in four European countries. METHODS We focused on participants recruited from June 2020 to May 2021 in the context of a European multicenter project including four university/academic sites. The total number of participants in the longitudinal studies was 107 (study 1, N = 40; study 2, N = 29; study 3, N = 38). The randomized controlled trial (study 4) included 31 participants in total, 16 in the intervention group and 15 in the control group. Primary outcome measures were depression, anxiety, stress symptoms, perceived stress level, and perceived hopelessness. The secondary outcome was experienced social connectedness. RESULTS Using separate linear mixed-effects models, the most consistent result across countries was a reduction in perceived stress after the participation in the COVID Feel Good intervention. By pooling the results of the models using a random-effects meta-analysis, we found that after the COVID Feel Good intervention, participants reported a decrease in perceived general distress (mean standardized effect size for general distress in the treatment groups compared with the control conditions was -0.52 [ p = .008, 95% confidence interval = -0.89 to -0.14]) and an increase in the perceived social connection (mean standardized effect size for social connection using COVID Feel Good compared with the control conditions was 0.50 [ p ≤ .001, 95% confidence interval = 0.25 to 0.76]). CONCLUSIONS Findings of this study indicate that a virtual self-help intervention is effective in reducing psychological distress. These results contribute to the growing literature supporting the use of digital psychological therapies to relieve psychological distress among the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic.Trial Registration : ISRCTN63887521.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Riva
- From the Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano (Riva, Tuena, Pedroli); Humane Technology Lab, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (Riva, Di Lernia, Pedroli); Become-Hub (Bernardelli, Sforza, Pedroli), Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology (Gutiérrez Maldonado, Ferrer-Garcia, Porras-Garcia, Pedroli), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Psychology (Meyer, Shiban, Pedroli), Private University of Applied Science, Goettingen, Germany; Clinical Psychology Research Laboratory (Castelnuovo, Pedroli), Ospedale San Giuseppe, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Verbania; Department of Psychology (Castelnuovo, Pagnini, Pedroli, Clementi, Sansoni, Serino), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy; Faculty of Psychology (Pedroli), University of eCampus, Novedrate, Italy; Virtual Reality Medical Center (Wiederhold), La Jolla, California; Virtual Reality Medical Institute (Wiederhold), Brussels, Belgium
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12
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Volpato E, Banfi PI, Pagnini F. Acceptance and adherence to non-invasive positive pressure ventilation in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a grounded theory study. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1134718. [PMID: 37599749 PMCID: PMC10435845 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1134718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Non-Invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation (NPPV) is an established treatment for people with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), but it is often improperly used or rejected. The patterns of acceptance and adherence to NPPV, conceiving constraints, and strengths related to its adaptation have not been explored from a qualitative perspective yet. Objectives This study aims to qualitatively explore patterns of adaptation to NPPV in people affected by COPD and to identify the core characteristics and the specific adaptive challenges during the adaptation process. Methods Forty-two people with moderate or severe COPD were recruited and 336 unstructured interviews were conducted. A Constructivist Grounded Theory was used to gather and analyze data: the transcriptions were mutually gathered in open, selective, and theoretical phases, with open, selective, and theoretical coding, respectively. Results The analysis resulted in a non-linear and dynamic process, characterized by three phases: deciding, trying NPPV, and using NPPV. The patterns revealed that positive and negative NPPV experiences, together with beliefs, emotions, stressful mental states, and behaviors result in different acceptance and adherence rates. Discussions These findings may be helpful to implement new care strategies to promote acceptance and adherence to NPPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Volpato
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
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13
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Stahn AC, Bucher D, Zu Eulenburg P, Denise P, Smith N, Pagnini F, White O. Paving the way to better understand the effects of prolonged spaceflight on operational performance and its neural bases. NPJ Microgravity 2023; 9:59. [PMID: 37524737 PMCID: PMC10390562 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-023-00295-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Space exploration objectives will soon move from low Earth orbit to distant destinations like Moon and Mars. The present work provides an up-to-date roadmap that identifies critical research gaps related to human behavior and performance in altered gravity and space. The roadmap summarizes (1) key neurobehavioral challenges associated with spaceflight, (2) the need to consider sex as a biological variable, (3) the use of integrative omics technologies to elucidate mechanisms underlying changes in the brain and behavior, and (4) the importance of understanding the neural representation of gravity throughout the brain and its multisensory processing. We then highlight the need for a variety of target-specific countermeasures, and a personalized administration schedule as two critical strategies for mitigating potentially adverse effects of spaceflight on the central nervous system and performance. We conclude with a summary of key priorities for the roadmaps of current and future space programs and stress the importance of new collaborative strategies across agencies and researchers for fostering an integrative cross- and transdisciplinary approach from cells, molecules to neural circuits and cognitive performance. Finally, we highlight that space research in neurocognitive science goes beyond monitoring and mitigating risks in astronauts but could also have significant benefits for the population on Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Stahn
- Unit of Experimental Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Physiology, Berlin, Germany.
| | - D Bucher
- IZN-Neurobiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - P Zu Eulenburg
- Institute for Neuroradiology & German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - P Denise
- Normandie Univ. UNICAEN, INSERM, COMETE, CYCERON, Caen, France
| | - N Smith
- Protective Security and Resilience Centre, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - F Pagnini
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - O White
- Université de Bourgogne INSERM-U1093 Cognition, Action, and Sensorimotor Plasticity, Dijon, France.
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14
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Poletti V, Pagnini F, Banfi P, Volpato E. Illness Perceptions, Cognitions, and Beliefs on COPD Patients' Adherence to Treatment - A Systematic Review. Patient Prefer Adherence 2023; 17:1845-1866. [PMID: 37533752 PMCID: PMC10392903 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s412136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation. Besides its irreversibility, COPD is a treatable condition, and patients would strongly benefit from being adherent to their treatments. However, almost half of them are non-adherent, and, according to several recent studies, the way the patient perceives the disease might influence this variable. Aim This systematic review provided a synthesis of studies about the relationships between illness perceptions (IP), cognitions, beliefs, and adherence in COPD. Methods English language publications were searched in PubMed, Medline, Scopus, ResearchGate, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library databases from November 2022 to February 2023, following PRISMA guidelines. The reference lists of eligible studies were also searched. Data extraction and critical appraisal were undertaken by two reviewers working independently. Results A total of 14 studies were included. Adherence to treatment in COPD is confirmed to be low, using both self-report questionnaires and objective assessment systems. Most studies concluded that COPD is perceived as a moderate threat destined to last forever, even if many participants referred to little disease knowledge. This perception did not change between adherent and non-adherent groups. Those who considered more necessary to take their medicines and had a caregiver were more adherent and less concerned about their future. On the other side, forgetfulness, lack of trust in medications, and difficulties in understanding how to take them were perceived as the main causes of non-adherence. Other predictors of non-adherence, like depression, low self-efficacy, and severity of disease were confirmed. Conclusion The systematic review highlights the variability of the relationship between IP, cognitions and beliefs, and COPD treatment adherence. A new level of awareness of the relationship between patients' subjective point of view and treatment adherence may inform future treatment options and promote a more personalized intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Poletti
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Eleonora Volpato
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
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15
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Gould RL, Rawlinson C, Thompson B, Weeks K, Gossage-Worrall R, Cantrill H, Serfaty MA, Graham CD, McCracken LM, White D, Howard RJ, Bursnall M, Bradburn M, Al-Chalabi A, Orrell R, Chhetri SK, Noad R, Radunovic A, Williams T, Young CA, Dick D, Lawrence V, Goldstein LH, Young T, Ealing J, McLeod H, Williams N, Weatherly H, Cave R, Chiwera T, Pagnini F, Cooper C, Shaw PJ, McDermott CJ. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for people living with motor neuron disease: an uncontrolled feasibility study. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2023; 9:116. [PMID: 37420261 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-023-01354-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Motor neuron disease (MND) is a fatal, progressive neurodegenerative disease that causes progressive weakening and wasting of limb, bulbar, thoracic and abdominal muscles. Clear evidence-based guidance on how psychological distress should be managed in people living with MND (plwMND) is lacking. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is a form of psychological therapy that may be particularly suitable for this population. However, to the authors' knowledge, no study to date has evaluated ACT for plwMND. Consequently, the primary aim of this uncontrolled feasibility study was to examine the feasibility and acceptability of ACT for improving the psychological health of plwMND. METHODS PlwMND aged ≥ 18 years were recruited from 10 UK MND Care Centres/Clinics. Participants received up to 8 one-to-one ACT sessions, developed specifically for plwMND, plus usual care. Co-primary feasibility and acceptability outcomes were uptake (≥ 80% of the target sample [N = 28] recruited) and initial engagement with the intervention (≥ 70% completing ≥ 2 sessions). Secondary outcomes included measures of quality of life, anxiety, depression, disease-related functioning, health status and psychological flexibility in plwMND and quality of life and burden in caregivers. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and 6 months. RESULTS Both a priori indicators of success were met: 29 plwMND (104%) were recruited and 76% (22/29) attended ≥ 2 sessions. Attrition at 6-months was higher than anticipated (8/29, 28%), but only two dropouts were due to lack of acceptability of the intervention. Acceptability was further supported by good satisfaction with therapy and session attendance. Data were possibly suggestive of small improvements in anxiety and psychological quality of life from baseline to 6 months in plwMND, despite a small but expected deterioration in disease-related functioning and health status. CONCLUSIONS There was good evidence of acceptability and feasibility. Limitations included the lack of a control group and small sample size, which complicate interpretation of findings. A fully powered RCT to evaluate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of ACT for plwMND is underway. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was pre-registered with the ISRCTN Registry (ISRCTN12655391).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Gould
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Wing B, 6th Floor Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Rd, London, W1T 7NF, UK.
| | - Charlotte Rawlinson
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Wing B, 6th Floor Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Rd, London, W1T 7NF, UK
| | - Ben Thompson
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Kirsty Weeks
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Wing B, 6th Floor Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Rd, London, W1T 7NF, UK
| | - Rebecca Gossage-Worrall
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Hannah Cantrill
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Marc A Serfaty
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Wing B, 6th Floor Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Rd, London, W1T 7NF, UK
- Priory Hospital North London, London, UK
| | - Christopher D Graham
- Strathclyde Psychology, Department of Psychological Sciences & Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - David White
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Robert J Howard
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Wing B, 6th Floor Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Rd, London, W1T 7NF, UK
| | - Matt Bursnall
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Mike Bradburn
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Richard Orrell
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Suresh K Chhetri
- Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Lancashire, UK
| | - Rupert Noad
- Department of Neuropsychology, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, UK
| | | | - Tim Williams
- The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - David Dick
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK
| | - Vanessa Lawrence
- Health Services & Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Laura H Goldstein
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tracey Young
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - John Ealing
- Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
| | - Hamish McLeod
- Mental Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Nicola Williams
- Primary Care Clinical Trials Unit, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Richard Cave
- Language and Cognition, University College London, London, UK
| | - Theresa Chiwera
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Cindy Cooper
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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16
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Volpato E, Pierucci P, De Candia ML, Casparrini M, Volpi V, Pagnini F, Carpagnano GE, Banfi P. Life Experiences in Neuromuscular Tracheotomized Patients in Times of Covid-19. J Neuromuscul Dis 2023:JND221597. [PMID: 37212066 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-221597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The management of tracheotomy at home can be very complex, affecting the patient's quality of life. OBJECTIVES This case series study aimed to explore the experiences of patients affected by neuromuscular diseases (NMD) concerning tracheostomy and Invasive Mechanical Ventilation (IMV) management at home during the COVID-19 health emergency in Italy. METHODS Semi-structured interviews and the following instruments were used: Connor and Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-25); Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II); State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI); Langer Mindfulness Scale (LMS). Descriptive analyses, correlations, and qualitative analyses were carried out. RESULTS 22 patients [50% female, mean age = 50.2 (SD = 21.2)] participated in the study. Participants who showed high levels of dispositional mindfulness in terms of novelty-seeking (r = 0.736, p = 0.013) and novelty production (r = 0.644, p = 0.033) were those with higher resilience. The main emotion that emerged was the fear of contagion (19 patients, 86.36%), due to the previous fragile condition, leading to a significant sense of abandonment. The tracheostomy's perception is seen in extremes as a lifesaver or a condemnation. The relationship with the health professionals moves from satisfaction to a feeling of abandonment with a lack of preparation. CONCLUSIONS The relationship between resilience, flexibility, state anxiety and dispositional mindfulness offers ways to reinforce tracheostomy management at home, even in critical periods when going to the hospital may be difficult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Volpato
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Pierucci
- Cardiothoracic Department, Respiratory and Critical care Unit Bari Policlinic University Hospital, B. Section of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Basic Medical Science Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa De Candia
- Cardiothoracic Department, Respiratory and Critical care Unit Bari Policlinic University Hospital, B. Section of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Basic Medical Science Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Massimo Casparrini
- Cardiothoracic Department, Respiratory and Critical care Unit Bari Policlinic University Hospital, B. Section of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Basic Medical Science Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Giovanna Elisiana Carpagnano
- Cardiothoracic Department, Respiratory and Critical care Unit Bari Policlinic University Hospital, B. Section of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Basic Medical Science Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Paolo Banfi
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
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17
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Pagnini F, Manzey D, Rosnet E, Ferravante D, White O, Smith N. Human behavior and performance in deep space exploration: next challenges and research gaps. NPJ Microgravity 2023; 9:27. [PMID: 36997549 PMCID: PMC10063669 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-023-00270-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
As space exploration missions move from low orbit to distant destinations, including the Moon and Mars, new psychological, behavioral, and team challenges will arise. This manuscript represents an up-to-date white paper developed by European experts invited by the European Space Agency (ESA), mapping unfilled research gaps related to the psychology of space exploration, considering the incoming human missions, and accounting for the available scientific knowledge. ESA created the expert team and facilitated its work, but the team was completely independent in terms of contents. The white paper considers basic issues of adaptation, pre-, during-, and post-mission experiences, and possible countermeasures to be developed and tested. The resulting integrative map provides a guide for researchers that are interested in conducting research in the support of future space exploration endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.
| | - Dietrich Manzey
- Department of Psychology and Ergonomics, Technical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Rosnet
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Performance, Health, Metrology, Society (PSMS) Laboratory, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, 51096, France
| | - Denise Ferravante
- Antarctic Technical Unit, ENEA, Roma, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University of Rome la Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | - Olivier White
- Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Nathan Smith
- Protective Security and Resilience Centre, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
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18
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Pinto C, Geraghty AWA, Pagnini F, Yardley L, Dennison L. How do people with MND and caregivers experience a digital mental health intervention? A qualitative study. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1083196. [PMID: 36816411 PMCID: PMC9932191 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1083196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We urgently need to develop and evaluate more psychological interventions to support people with Motor Neurone Disease (MND) and caregivers. We used the person-based approach to develop a digital mental health intervention and conducted two studies to explore people's experiences of using it. METHODS In Study 1, we conducted think-aloud interviews with 9 people with MND and 8 caregivers, and used findings to refine the intervention. In Study 2, 18 people with MND and 9 caregivers used the intervention for 6 weeks after which in-depth interviews were conducted. Data from both studies were combined and analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS We developed 3 main themes around intervention acceptability, engagement, and usefulness. Participants highlighted the importance of accessibility and realistic presentation of information and support. Tailoring and timing intervention use to suit own needs, preferences, and disease stage was also important. Participants used the strategies presented to develop a positive outlook and regain some control. They also faced some challenges using these strategies in the context of dealing with progressive loss. CONCLUSION People with MND and caregivers can find digital mental health interventions useful. Intervention accessibility and flexibility are important for developing acceptable and engaging interventions for MND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathryn Pinto
- School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Adam W A Geraghty
- Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucy Yardley
- School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.,School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Dennison
- School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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19
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Ciarcia R, Longobardi C, Ferrara G, Montagnaro S, Andretta E, Pagnini F, Florio S, Maruccio L, Lauritano C, Damiano S. The Microalga Skeletonema marinoi Induces Apoptosis and DNA Damage in K562 Cell Line by Modulating NADPH Oxidase. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238270. [PMID: 36500363 PMCID: PMC9739211 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disease that activates multiple signaling pathways, causing cells to produce higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (NOXs) are a major generator of ROS in leukemia, and marine natural products have shown promising activities for the treatment of hematopoietic malignancies. In the present study, we investigated the effect of the marine microalga Skeletonema marinoi (S.M.), a ubiquitous diatom that forms massive blooms in the oceans, on the human leukemia cell line K562. The effects of S.M. extract on cell viability, production of ROS, nitric oxide (NO), and apoptosis were examined. In this preliminary work, S.M. was able to decrease cell viability (p < 0.05) and increase apoptosis levels (p < 0.05) in K562 cells after 48 h of treatment. In addition, the levels of NOX, NO, and malondialdehyde (MDA) were reduced in K562-treated cells (p < 0.05), whereas the levels of SOD, CAT, and GPx increased during treatment (p < 0.05). Finally, analyzing Bax and Bcl-2 expression, we found a significant increase in the proapoptotic protein Bax and a sustained decrease in the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 (p < 0.05) in the K562-treated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Ciarcia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Delpino n.1, 80137 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Consiglia Longobardi
- Department of Mental, Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Largo Madonna delle Grazie n.1, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Ferrara
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Delpino n.1, 80137 Naples, Italy
| | - Serena Montagnaro
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Delpino n.1, 80137 Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuela Andretta
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Delpino n.1, 80137 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Radiology, University of Parma, Via Università n. 12, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Salvatore Florio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Delpino n.1, 80137 Naples, Italy
| | - Lucianna Maruccio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Delpino n.1, 80137 Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Lauritano
- Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Acton n. 55, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Damiano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Delpino n.1, 80137 Naples, Italy
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20
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Abstract
Objectives: In the current study, we reviewed and classified the different experimental methods reported in the literature to induce age-base stereotype threat in older adults, providing a comprehensive view of the methodologies present in the literature to date.Method: The current study has been developed as a literature scoping review. The PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and CINAHL database were searched. With this approach, we assessed developments in experimental age-based stereotype manipulations in the last decades.Results: 26 articles were considered for this scoping review. Through a thematic analysis, we classified the papers into three broad categories based on the priming technique addressed: manipulation by instructions, manipulation by tests and, manipulation by mental imagery.Conclusion: Our results seem to suggest how manipulations by instructions appeared to be more largely used and capable of producing more clear performance variations on cognitive, memory, and physical tasks. Age-related stereotypes showed potentially stronger effects when they are negative, implicit, and temporally closer to the test of performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Vailati Riboni
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - F Pagnini
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
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21
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Bilenchi VA, Banfi P, Pagnini F, Volpato E. Psychoeducational groups for people with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and their caregiver: a qualitative study. Neurol Sci 2022; 43:4239-4255. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-022-05930-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Volpato E, Banfi P, Pagnini F. Promoting Acceptance and Adherence to Noninvasive Ventilation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Psychosom Med 2022; 84:488-504. [PMID: 35149638 PMCID: PMC9071031 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE People with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may suffer from anxiety, depression, low quality of life, and cognitive deficits that could play a role in their clinical conditions. These situations could be worsened during the adaptation process to a new treatment such as noninvasive ventilation (NIV), which is often rejected or inappropriately used. The study aimed to analyze the impact of a brief psychological support intervention on adherence to NIV among patients with COPD. METHODS A two-branch randomized controlled trial was conducted on 90 patients with COPD who had an indication for NIV. The experimental group received cognitive behavioral therapy support, including counseling, relaxation, and mindfulness-based exercises. Controls received standard care and watched educational videos. The course had been structured for four to eight meetings at the hospital, at home, and/or via telemedicine. RESULTS The psychological intervention was related to improvements in both adherence to NIV (F(304) = 19.054, p < .001) and quality of life (F(156) = 10.264, p = .002) after eight meetings from baseline compared with the control group. Results indicated a significant change in the quality of life also over time (F(71.480) = 8.114, p = .006). CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that the psychological intervention is an appropriate treatment for acceptance of and adherence to NIV in COPD in clinical practice and highlight the importance of determining the underlying reasons for NIV use.Trial Registration:ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02499653.
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23
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Demers M, Pagnini F, Phillips D, Chang B, Winstein C, Langer E. Feasibility of an Online Langerian Mindfulness Program for Stroke Survivors and Caregivers. OTJR (Thorofare N J) 2022; 42:228-237. [PMID: 35485301 DOI: 10.1177/15394492221091266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mindfulness is promising for individuals with neurological disorders and their caregivers to improve psychological well-being. The potential application of a Langerian mindfulness intervention, focused on attention to variability, however, is still unknown. The objective of the study was to determine the feasibility (usability, satisfaction, and potential effectiveness on psychological well-being) of an online mindfulness intervention for stroke survivors and caregivers. Using mixed methods, 11 stroke survivors and three caregivers participated in a 3-week, online, Langerian mindfulness intervention. A semi-structured interview assessed the intervention's usability and gathered feedback. Self-reported measures about psychological well-being were documented remotely 3 times (preintervention, postintervention, and 1-month follow-up). Qualitatively, participants were highly satisfied with the intervention and reported subjective benefits, but the usability of the online platform was poor. None of the self-reported measures changed over time. This study provided evidence of feasibility of an online Langerian mindfulness intervention in a new population: stroke survivors and caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano, Italy.,Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
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24
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Volpato E, Cavalera C, Castelnuovo G, Molinari E, Pagnini F. The "common" experience of voice-hearing and its relationship with shame and guilt: a systematic review. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:281. [PMID: 35443637 PMCID: PMC9022353 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-03902-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite Auditory Verbal Hallucinations (AVHs) having been long associated with mental illness, they represent a common experience also in the non-clinical population, yet do not exhibit distress or need for care. Shame and guilt are emotions related to one's perception of oneself and one's responsibility. As such, they direct our attention to aspects of AVHs that are under-researched and elusive, particularly about the status of voices as others, their social implications and the constitution and conceptualisation of the self. OBJECTIVES This paper aims to provide a systematic review of studies that investigated the relationship between auditory hallucinations, shame, and guilt in people without relevant signs of psychiatric issues. METHODS We searched studies reporting information about voices characteristics, the relationship between voices and hearers, hearer's reactions, and beliefs, paying peculiar attention to shame and guilt issues. Included papers were evaluated for risk of bias. RESULTS Eleven studies that explored the relationship between AVHs, shame and guilt, were extracted. Phenomenological, pragmatic, as well as neuropsychological features of hearing voices in non-clinical populations, allowed us to note a dynamic relationship and the constellation of subjective experiences that can occur. The role of guilt was characterized by few studies and mixed results, while shame was mainly common. CONCLUSIONS Due to the high heterogeneity detected and the scarce sources available, further studies should focus on both the aetiology and the bidirectional relationship between hearing voices, shame, and guilt in non-clinical people. This can be helpful in therapies for non-clinical populations who are distressed by their voices (e.g., psychotherapy), and for whom shame, and guilt may contribute to negative consequences such as isolation, anxiety or future depression. Moreover, it might favour the development and implication of different treatments considering emotion regulation, distress tolerance and interpersonal sensitivity on the clinical populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Volpato
- grid.8142.f0000 0001 0941 3192Present Address: Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 1, 20123 Milan, Italy ,grid.418563.d0000 0001 1090 9021IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
| | - C. Cavalera
- grid.8142.f0000 0001 0941 3192Present Address: Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 1, 20123 Milan, Italy
| | - G. Castelnuovo
- grid.8142.f0000 0001 0941 3192Present Address: Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 1, 20123 Milan, Italy ,grid.418224.90000 0004 1757 9530Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Psychology Research Laboratory , Verbania , Italy
| | - E. Molinari
- grid.8142.f0000 0001 0941 3192Present Address: Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 1, 20123 Milan, Italy ,grid.418224.90000 0004 1757 9530Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - F. Pagnini
- grid.8142.f0000 0001 0941 3192Present Address: Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 1, 20123 Milan, Italy ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA
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25
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Andretta E, Costa C, Longobardi C, Damiano S, Giordano A, Pagnini F, Montagnaro S, Quintiliani M, Lauritano C, Ciarcia R. Potential Approaches Versus Approved or Developing Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Therapy. Front Oncol 2022; 11:801779. [PMID: 34993151 PMCID: PMC8724906 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.801779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have revolutionized the treatment of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). However, continued use of these inhibitors has contributed to the increase in clinical resistance and the persistence of resistant leukemic stem cells (LSCs). So, there is an urgent need to introduce additional targeted and selective therapies to eradicate quiescent LSCs, and to avoid the relapse and disease progression. Here, we focused on emerging BCR-ABL targeted and non-BCR-ABL targeted drugs employed in clinical trials and on alternative CML treatments, including antioxidants, oncolytic virus, engineered exosomes, and natural products obtained from marine organisms that could pave the way for new therapeutic approaches for CML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Andretta
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Caterina Costa
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, Naples, Italy
| | - Consiglia Longobardi
- Department of Mental, Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Largo Madonna delle Grazie, Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Damiano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center of Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- Unit of Radiology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Serena Montagnaro
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Lauritano
- Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Ciarcia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
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26
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Vagnini D, Hou WK, Hougen C, Cano A, Bonanomi A, Facchin F, Molgora S, Pagnini F, Saita E. The impact of COVID-19 perceived threat and restrictive measures on mental health in Italy, Spain, New York, and Hong Kong: An international multisite study. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1002936. [PMID: 36405112 PMCID: PMC9667941 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1002936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, Italy, Spain, New York, and Hong Kong stood out for the ir high rates of infections. Given this scenario, a web-based international multisite and cross-sectional study was conducted between April and May 2020 to investigate the psychological impact of the pandemic and the restrictions imposed by the governments in these countries. We expected similar patterns in European countries, and no significant differences in terms of psychological impairment between Hong Kong (with a previous experience related to SARS, but subjected to restrictions for a longer time) and the other areas. Participants were 1955 adults from the above-mentioned areas. We assessed anxiety (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9), COVID-19-related threats, and perceived burden of restrictive measures. Two-explorative factor analyses (EFAs) with Promax rotation identified COVID-19-related factors: personal physical threat, personal economic threat, global economic threat, and restriction-related burden. ANOVAs studied locations' differences and two-separate hierarchical multiple regression analyses by location determined whether and how COVID-19-related variables were associated with anxiety and depression, adjusting for age and sex. Italy and Hong Kong showed higher anxiety than Spain (p < 0.05); Hong Kong scored higher on depression than Italy and Spain (p < 0.001), which highlighted the lowest mean-score. New York participants showed the poorest mental health conditions. Anxiety was predicted by restriction-related burden (βNY = 0.242; βHK = 0.116) and personal economic threat (βNY = 0.246; βHK = 0.145) in New York (Adj.R 2 = 0.125) and Hong Kong (Adj.R 2 = 0.079); by global economic threat (β = 0.199) and restriction-related burden (β = 0.124) in Italy (Adj.R 2 = 0.108); and by personal physical threat (β = 0.144) in Spain (Adj.R 2 = 0.049). Depression was predicted by restriction-related burden (βNY = 0.313; βHK = 0.120) and personal economic threat (βNY = 0.229; βHK = 0.204) in New York (Adj.R 2 = 0.161) and Hong Kong (Adj.R 2 = 0.089); by global economic threat (β = 0.209) in Italy (Adj.R 2 = 0.149); and no predictors emerged in Spain. Findings could contribute to understanding the specific impact of the pandemic on people's psychological health in each area, along with the factors that impacted mental health. This information may be useful to implementing prevention interventions in case of restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Vagnini
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Wai Kai Hou
- Department of Psychology, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Centre for Psychosocial Health, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Clint Hougen
- Gordon F. Derner School of Psychology, Adelphi University, Garden City, NY, United States
| | - Adrián Cano
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Andrea Bonanomi
- Department of Statistical Science, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Facchin
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Molgora
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Emanuela Saita
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
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27
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Poletti V, Pagnini F, Banfi P, Volpato E. The Role of Depression on Treatment Adherence in Patients with Heart Failure-a Systematic Review of the Literature. Curr Cardiol Rep 2022; 24:1995-2008. [PMID: 36327056 PMCID: PMC9747824 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-022-01815-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although poor medication adherence is considered an impacting risk factor for worsening heart failure (HF) outcomes, adherence rates in HF patients continue to be considerably low. To improve this condition, several studies investigated the impact of many determinants on medication adherence; however, few authors explored the role of depression on it. PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this systematic review was to explore the association between depressive symptoms and medication adherence in HF patients. In particular, the research question was is depression a barrier to medication adherence in HF patients? METHODS A systematic review of quantitative analysis studies was undertaken. Six electronic databases were searched between the end of October and March 2022. Thirty-one trials were included, all of them assessed depression, adherence to medication, and their possible relationship. RESULTS As was intended, findings showed that the impact of a mild to moderate level of depression was significant on adherence to treatment in HF patients. However, many other risk factors emerged, like family support and health practices (es. low sodium diet). CONCLUSION The detection of depression in the setting of HF should be crucial to HF patients' physical health and quality of life. Future research should take depression into account, exploring this area through self-report and qualitative interview as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Poletti
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA
| | | | - Eleonora Volpato
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
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28
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Ziglioli F, De Filippo M, Cavalieri DM, Pagnini F, Campobasso D, Guarino G, Maestroni U. Percutaneous Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) in renal cancer. How to manage challenging masses. A narrative review. Acta Biomed 2022; 93:e2022220. [PMID: 36300239 PMCID: PMC9686170 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v93i5.12827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In the last decades, the refinements in the imaging techniques led to an increased number of detected renal tumors. If radical and partial nephrectomy remain the gold standard for the treatment of renal cancer, Radio-Frequency Ablation (RFA) has emerged as a therapeutic option for renal masses. Even if this technique is minimally-invasive, it requires a proper preoperative anatomic study and in some cases RFA treatment is technically challenging. To date, there is no standardization for studying challenging cases before treatment and to plan a safe and effective procedure when intervening organs are in the trajectory of the needle. In this study we searched the literature focusing on the challenging cases and strategy applied to manage the treatment safely and effectively. MATERIALS AND METHODS MedLine and Embase via Ovid database were searched, using the following key words: Percutaneous RFA, radiofrequency, renal ablation, kidney ablation, renal thermoablation, kidney thermoablation, hydrodissection, heat sink. The difficulties found in the literature while performing the ablation procedure were grouped and a categorization of the strategies applied to perform a safe and effective procedure was proposed, in the aim to standardize the approach for treatment of challenging cases. Literature was analyzed according with selection criteria agreed by the Authors. RESULTS The literature review showed four groups of lesions requiring an experienced approach. Group 1: Lesions close to the bowel. Group 2: Lesions close to the urinary tract. Group 3: Lesions close to intervening organs. Group 4: Lesions close to large vessels (heat-sink phenomenon). CONCLUSION When planning a RFA treatment, a standardized approach to challenging masses is possible. This review make the treatment of these masses more systematic and safe.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Massimo De Filippo
- Department of Radiologic Sciences, University-Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Radiologic Sciences, University-Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Giulio Guarino
- Department of Urology, University-Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
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29
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo De Filippo
- Dept. of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Radiology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- Dept. of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Radiology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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30
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Graffigna G, Bosio C, Pagnini F, Volpato E, Previtali E, Leone S, D'Amico F, Armuzzi A, Danese S. Promoting psycho-social wellbeing for engaging inflammatory bowel disease patients in their care: an Italian consensus statement. BMC Psychol 2021; 9:186. [PMID: 34839834 PMCID: PMC8628380 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-021-00692-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are remitting and relapsing diseases that mainly interest the gastrointestinal tract. IBD is associated with a condition of psycho-social discomfort that deeply compromises the quality of life and the competence of patient to be fully engaged in their self-management. As a consequence, effective care of IBD patients should include not only medical but also psychological support in order to improve patients' wellbeing. Although this, to date there is no standardized approach to promote psychological wellbeing of IBD patients in order to improve the perception of the quality of the care. To fill this gap, a consensus conference has been organized in order to define the psychosocial needs of IBD patients and to promote their engagement in daily clinical practice. This paper describes the process implemented and illustrates the recommendations deriving from it, which focus on the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in IBD management. RESULTS The consensus conference has been organized in three phases: (1) literature review about life experiences, engagement, and psychosocial needs of IBD patients; (2) workshops with IBD experts and patients' representatives; (3) drafting of statements and voting. Seventy-three participants were involved in the consensus conference, and sixteen statements have been voted and approved during the consensus process. CONCLUSIONS The main conclusion is the necessity of the early detection of - and, in case of need, intervention on- psycho-social needs of patients in order to achieve patient involvement in IBD care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Caterina Bosio
- EngageMindsHUB, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- EngageMindsHUB, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Volpato
- EngageMindsHUB, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Ferdinando D'Amico
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Silvio Danese
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- IBD Center, Humanitas Research Hospital- IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
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Riva G, Serino S, Di Lernia D, Pagnini F. Regenerative Virtual Therapy: The Use of Multisensory Technologies and Mindful Attention for Updating the Altered Representations of the Bodily Self. Front Syst Neurosci 2021; 15:749268. [PMID: 34803617 PMCID: PMC8595209 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2021.749268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The term “regenerative medicine” (RM) indicates an emerging trend in biomedical sciences that aims at replacing, engineering, or regenerating human cells, tissues, or organs to restore or establish normal function. So far, the focus of RM has been the physical body. Neuroscience, however, is now suggesting that mental disorders can be broadly characterized by a dysfunction in the way the brain computes and integrates the representations of the inner and outer body across time [bodily self-consciousness (BSC)]. In this perspective, we proposed a new kind of clinical intervention, i.e., “Regenerative Virtual Therapy” (RVT), which integrates knowledge from different disciplines, from neuroscience to computational psychiatry, to regenerate a distorted or faulty BSC. The main goal of RVT was to use technology-based somatic modification techniques to restructure the maladaptive bodily representations behind a pathological condition. Specifically, starting from a Bayesian model of our BSC (i.e., body matrix), we suggested the use of mindful attention, cognitive reappraisal, and brain stimulation techniques merged with high-rewarding and novel synthetic multisensory bodily experience (i.e., a virtual reality full-body illusion in sync with a low predictabIlity interoceptive modulation) to rewrite a faulty experience of the body and to regenerate the wellbeing of an individual. The use of RVT will also offer an unprecedented experimental overview of the dynamics of our bodily representations, allowing the reverse-engineering of their functioning for hacking them using advanced technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Riva
- Applied Technology for Neuro-Psychology Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy.,Humane Technology Laboratory, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Serino
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Di Lernia
- Humane Technology Laboratory, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
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Spinelli A, Carvello M, Adamina M, Panis Y, Warusavitarne J, Tulchinsky H, Bemelman WA, Kotze PG, D'Hoore A, Lastikova L, Danese S, Peyrin-Biroulet L, Avedano L, Pagnini F. Patients' perceptions of surgery for inflammatory bowel disease. Colorectal Dis 2021; 23:2690-2698. [PMID: 34268861 DOI: 10.1111/codi.15813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Surgery is indicated in selected patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, due to a negative perception, surgery may be delayed, leading to possible unfavourable outcomes. The aim of this work was to investigate patients' perceptions of surgery and the impact on reported outcomes. METHOD An international multilingual online survey was used to query IBD patients' experiences of surgery, information sources, expectations and concerns, quality of life (QoL) and feelings. RESULTS The survey was completed by 425 of 510 participants. Crohn's disease was more frequent (61%) than ulcerative colitis (36%). Most patients primarily learned about surgery from their gastroenterologist and were informed of the risks and benefits by the surgeon. In almost one-third of patients indication for surgery was not a shared decision between gastroenterologist and surgeon. Seventy per cent of patients naïve to surgery were not aware of any surgical options. The majority of patients (80%) perceived surgery as the last option after many medical treatments rather than an alternative therapeutic option (20%). Sixteen per cent of patients obtained their primary information from the Internet, while 82.4% used the Internet to obtain additional information. Fear of surgical complications was cited by 73% of patients, while relief from symptoms was indicated by 31%. Most patients coped with their stoma better than expected or as they expected. Negative feelings decreased after surgery, while a lasting improvement in positive feelings and QoL was reported. CONCLUSION Despite the negative perception of surgery and the delayed involvement of surgeons as a source of information and in the decision-making process, the majority of respondents experienced positive outcomes from surgery, including improvement QoL and acceptance of the stoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Spinelli
- Colon and Rectal Surgery Division, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Carvello
- Colon and Rectal Surgery Division, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Michel Adamina
- Department of Surgery, Clinic of Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, Cantonal Hospital Winterthur, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Yves Panis
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Pôle des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif (PMAD, Beaujon Hospital, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP, University Denis Diderot (Paris VII, Clichy cedex, France
| | - Janindra Warusavitarne
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, UK.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, St Mark's Hospital, Harrow, UK
| | - Hagit Tulchinsky
- Department of Surgery B, Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Willem A Bemelman
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paulo Gustavo Kotze
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, IBD Outpatient Clinics, Catholic University of Parana (PUCPR, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Andre D'Hoore
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, University Hospital Gasthuisberg Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lucie Lastikova
- European Federation of Crohn's and Ulcerative Colitis Associations (Youth Group, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Silvio Danese
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nancy University Hospital, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Inserm U1256 NGERE, Lorraine University, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Luisa Avedano
- European Federation of Crohn's and Ulcerative Colitis Associations, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Demers M, Pagnini F, Phillips D, Chang B, Winstein C, Langer E. Beta-Testing of an Online Mindfulness Program Designed for Stroke Survivors and Their Caregivers During a Pandemic. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2021.07.569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Longobardi C, Damiano S, Andretta E, Prisco F, Russo V, Pagnini F, Florio S, Ciarcia R. Curcumin Modulates Nitrosative Stress, Inflammation, and DNA Damage and Protects against Ochratoxin A-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity in Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081239. [PMID: 34439487 PMCID: PMC8389288 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a fungal toxin of critical concern for food safety both for human health and several animal species, also representing a cancer threat to humans. Curcumin (CURC) is a natural polyphenol that has anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytoprotective effect of CURC against OTA-induced nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity through the study of the nitrosative stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage. Sprague Dawley rats were daily treated with CURC (100 mg/kg b.w.), OTA (0.5 mg/kg b.w), or CURC with OTA by oral gavage for 14 days. Our results demonstrated that OTA exposure was associated with significant increase of pro-inflammatory and DNA oxidative-damage biomarkers. Moreover, OTA induced the inducible nitric oxide synthase, (iNOS) resulting in increased nitric oxide (NO) levels both in kidney and liver. The co-treatment OTA + CURC counteracted the harmful effects of chronic OTA treatment by regulating inflammation, reducing NO levels and oxidative DNA damage in kidney and liver tissues. Histology revealed that OTA + CURC treatment determinates mainly an Iba1+ macrophagic infiltration with fewer CD3+ T-lymphocytes in the tissues. In conclusion, we evidenced that CURC exerted cytoprotective and antioxidant activities against OTA-induced toxicity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Consiglia Longobardi
- Department of Mental, Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Largo Madonna delle Grazie 1, 80138 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Sara Damiano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (E.A.); (F.P.); (V.R.); (S.F.)
- Correspondence: (S.D.); (R.C.); Tel.: +39-081-253-6027 (S.D.); +39-081-253-6051 (R.C.)
| | - Emanuela Andretta
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (E.A.); (F.P.); (V.R.); (S.F.)
| | - Francesco Prisco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (E.A.); (F.P.); (V.R.); (S.F.)
| | - Valeria Russo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (E.A.); (F.P.); (V.R.); (S.F.)
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- Unit of Radiology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Florio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (E.A.); (F.P.); (V.R.); (S.F.)
| | - Roberto Ciarcia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy; (E.A.); (F.P.); (V.R.); (S.F.)
- Correspondence: (S.D.); (R.C.); Tel.: +39-081-253-6027 (S.D.); +39-081-253-6051 (R.C.)
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Volpato E, Bosio C, Previtali E, Leone S, Armuzzi A, Pagnini F, Graffigna G. The evolution of IBD perceived engagement and care needs across the life-cycle: a scoping review. BMC Gastroenterol 2021; 21:293. [PMID: 34261434 PMCID: PMC8278693 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-021-01850-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The chronic and progressive evolution of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD), with its prototypical fluctuating trend, creates a condition of psycho-social discomfort, impacting the quality of life in terms of personal, working, and interpersonal. Aims In this article, we want to identify the nature and extent of the research evidence on the life experiences, the perceived engagement, the psychological, social care and welfare needs of people affected by IBD across the lifecycle. Methods Following the approach set out by Arksey and O’Malley and the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews, we conducted a scoping review in March 2019 and closed the review with an update in October 2019. It was performed using electronic databases covering Health and Life Sciences, Social Sciences and Medical Sciences, such as PubMed, Medline, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science, PsycInfo. Results We identified 95 peer-reviewed articles published from 2009 to 2019, that allowed to detection the main needs in children (psychological, need to be accepted, physical activity, feeding, parent style, support, social needs), adolescents (to understand, physical and psychological needs, protection, relational, gratitude, respect, and engagement) and adults (information, medical, psychological, social, work-related, practical, future-related, engagement). Although the literature confirms that the majority of the IBD units have planned provision for the different types of transitions, the quality and appropriateness of these services have not been assessed or audited for all the kinds of challenges across the life cycle. Conclusions The literature shows the relevance of organizing a flexible, personalized health care process across all the critical phases of the life cycle, providing adequate benchmarks for comparison in a multidisciplinary perspective and ensuring continuity between hospital and territory. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12876-021-01850-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Volpato
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 1, 20123, Milan, Italy. .,IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy.
| | - C Bosio
- EngageMinds Hub Consumer, Food and Health Research Center, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Cremona, Italy
| | - E Previtali
- AMICI Onlus, Associazione nazionale per le Malattie Infiammatorie Croniche dell'Intestino, Milan, Italy
| | - S Leone
- AMICI Onlus, Associazione nazionale per le Malattie Infiammatorie Croniche dell'Intestino, Milan, Italy
| | - A Armuzzi
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Roma, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Policlinico Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - F Pagnini
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 1, 20123, Milan, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Harvard University, 33 Kirkland Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - G Graffigna
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 1, 20123, Milan, Italy.,EngageMinds Hub Consumer, Food and Health Research Center, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Cremona, Italy
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Volpato E, Toniolo S, Pagnini F, Banfi P. The Relationship Between Anxiety, Depression and Treatment Adherence in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2021; 16:2001-2021. [PMID: 34262270 PMCID: PMC8275112 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s313841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Almost half of the people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) do not adhere to the prescribed treatments and report anxiety and depression as comorbidities, resulting in higher rates of exacerbations, hospitalizations, and worse clinical outcomes. Objective This systematic review provided a synthesis of studies about the relationships between anxiety, depression, and adherence in people affected by COPD. Methods English language publications were searched in the PUBMED, SCOPUS, PsycInfo, Web of Science, PsycArticles, and Cochrane Library databases from December 2020 to March 2021, following PRISMA guidelines. The reference lists of eligible studies and other relevant systematic reviews were also searched. Data extraction and critical appraisal were undertaken by two reviewers working independently. The reference lists of eligible studies and other relevant systematic reviews were also searched. Data extraction and critical appraisal were undertaken by two reviewers working independently. Results A total of 34 studies (23 quantitative and 2 qualitative studies, 9 reviews) were included. The relationship between depression and treatment adherence was significant and negative. Adherence to both rehabilitation, psychological, and antidepressant pharmacological treatments in depressed patients was linked to a decreased risk of hospitalization. Moreover, depressed patients compliant with an antidepressant were more likely to adherent to COPD maintenance inhalers. On the other hand, the associations between anxiety and adherence were poorly investigated and high heterogeneity characterized the studies, leading to a weak and variable relationship as well as too few interventions. Conclusion The systematic review highlights the variability in estimates of the relationship between depression, anxiety, and treatment adherence in COPD. It could be explained by methodological differences across the included studies. This suggests that standardization is critical to improving the precision of the estimates. Recommendations for future research include attention to causal inferences, an exploration of mechanisms to explain the relationships between both anxiety and depression and adherence in COPD, and a comprehensive, systematic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Volpato
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.,Heart-Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Toniolo
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Paolo Banfi
- Heart-Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
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Ripamonti CI, Massa G, Insolvibile D, Guglielmo M, Miccinesi G, Regalia C, Saita E, Pagnini F. Fears, beliefs, and quality of life of patients with cancer vs the general population during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Lombardy. Tumori 2021; 108:431-438. [PMID: 34176373 DOI: 10.1177/03008916211022848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM To understand how patients with cancer reacted to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and whether their quality of life (QoL) was affected. METHODS In June 2020, 111 patients with cancer treated in the supportive care unit of a Comprehensive Cancer Center in Milan and 201 healthy controls from the general population were enrolled and assessed both quantitatively and qualitatively for fears and COVID-19-related beliefs as well as for QoL. RESULTS Fear of COVID-19 was significantly lower among patients (41% vs 57.6%; p = 0.007), as was fear of cancer (61.5% vs 85.6%; p < 0.001) and other diseases. The perceived risk of getting COVID-19 was lower among patients (25.2% vs 52.7%; p < 0.001), as was the belief of having been exposed to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (18.1% vs 40.8%; p < 0.001). The physical component of QoL was better among the population (54.5 vs 43.8; p < 0.001); the reverse was true for patients' psychological well-being (44.6 vs 39.6; p < 0.001). The qualitative data supported such results, showing a reduced psychological effect on the patients with cancer compared to the controls. Various reasons explain this result, including the awareness of being treated for cancer and nevertheless protected against getting infected in a cancer center of public health reorganized to continue treating patients by protecting them and personnel from the risk of infection. CONCLUSIONS The experience of a cancer diagnosis, together with proper hospital reorganization, may act as protective factors from fears and psychological consequences of the COVID-19 outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Ida Ripamonti
- Oncology-Supportive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Oncology & Haematology, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Giacomo Massa
- Department of Medical Oncology & Haematology, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Daniela Insolvibile
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Mauro Guglielmo
- Oncology-Supportive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Oncology & Haematology, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Guido Miccinesi
- Clinical Epidemiology, Oncological Network, Prevention and Research Institute (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - Camillo Regalia
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Saita
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Pagnini F, Bonalda E, Montrasi E, Toselli E, Antonietti A. Mindfully Reframing the Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Outbreak Through a Social Media Community for Students: A Pragmatic Study. Front Psychol 2021; 12:566778. [PMID: 34248726 PMCID: PMC8264294 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.566778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 outbreak and the restrictions that have been enforced by the health authorities are having a profound psychological impact on the population. Many people, including the students, faced forced modifications to their daily lives and this prompted the need for scalable strategies to promote resilience. We designed an online community intervention for psychology students and recent alumni aimed to promote functional coping strategies through openness and cognitive flexibility. This psycho-educational intervention was delivered through a private group on social media (Facebook) during the acute phase of the lockdown period and it involved the publication of exercises and quick lectures. Contents were posted regularly and members of the community were invited to share their comments. The posts included stimuli that promote open and flexible reflections on the current situation. The overall aim of this group was a cognitive reframing on the epidemic effects, promoting creative and flexible thinking. We ran a thematic analysis of the interactions and we collected qualitative feedback at the end of the intervention. The participants' comments dealt with changes in their perspectives, sharing discomfort, encouragement and support, and building a sense of community. Post-intervention comments were highly satisfied and confirmed the helpfulness of the intervention to promote flexibility and openness, eventually helping to manage the negative emotions related to the COVID-19 outbreak. This study provides preliminary evidence that an online psycho-educational community stimulating flexibility and openness can help to reframe the negative psychological impact of the outbreak, improving their management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Elisa Bonalda
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Montrasi
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Toselli
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
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Pagnini F, Phillips D, Haulman A, Bankert M, Simmons Z, Langer E. An online non-meditative mindfulness intervention for people with ALS and their caregivers: a randomized controlled trial. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2021; 23:116-127. [PMID: 34027769 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2021.1928707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Mindfulness-based interventions seem to be effective in promoting QOL of ALS patients and caregivers, but most require substantial time. In the Langerian approach, mindfulness can be easily promoted with mental tasks and short lectures. This study aims to explore the impact of an ALS-specific online Langerian mindfulness training program on QOL of ALS patients. Methods: We developed and tested with an Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) a 5-week active learning mindfulness program. Participants were recruited from the ALS clinic at Penn State Health and online and were randomly assigned to either the mindfulness group or a wait-list control group. The primary outcome was the patient's QOL after the treatment. 3 and 6-month follow-ups, together with anxiety, depression, care burden, and physical function, assessed at all times for both patients and caregivers, were explored as secondary outcomes. Results: 47 ALS patients and 27 caregivers were recruited. Among the ALS patients, the experimental group reported higher levels of QOL at the end of the treatment (d = 0.54). Moreover, they showed lower values of depression, anxiety, and negative emotions, compared to the controls, over time. The caregivers from the mindfulness group reported lower scores of care burden, depression, and anxiety, with higher values of energy and emotional well-being over time. Conclusions: This small RCT provides preliminary evidence that this intervention leads to an increase of QOL and a reduction in psychological comorbidities in ALS patients and caregivers. Given the relatively short time commitment, it may be easily implemented by the ALS community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA, and
| | - Deborah Phillips
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA, and
| | - Anne Haulman
- Department of Neurology, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Matthew Bankert
- Department of Neurology, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Zachary Simmons
- Department of Neurology, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Ellen Langer
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA, and
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Pogliacomi F, De Filippo M, Casalini D, Longhi A, Tacci F, Perotta R, Pagnini F, Tocco S, Ceccarelli F. Acute syndesmotic injuries in ankle fractures: From diagnosis to treatment and current concepts. World J Orthop 2021; 12:270-291. [PMID: 34055585 PMCID: PMC8152437 DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v12.i5.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A stable and precise articulation of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis maintains the tibiofibular relationship, and it is essential for normal motion of the ankle joint. The disruption of this joint is frequently accompanied by rotational ankle fracture, such as pronation-external rotation, and rarely occurs without ankle fracture. The diagnosis is not simple, and ideal management of the various presentations of syndesmotic injury remains controversial to this day. Anatomical restoration and stabilization of the disrupted tibiofibular syndesmosis is essential to improve functional outcomes. In such an injury, including inadequately treated, misdiagnosed and correctly diagnosed cases, a chronic pattern characterized by persistent ankle pain, function disability and early osteoarthritis can result. This paper reviews anatomical and biomechanical characteristics of this syndesmosis, the mechanism of its acute injury associated to fractures, radiological and arthroscopic diagnosis and surgical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Massimo De Filippo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Daniele Casalini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Alberto Longhi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Tacci
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Rocco Perotta
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Silvio Tocco
- Centro Riabilitativo della Mano e Arto Superiore, Parma 43121, Italy
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Cavalera C, Boldrini A, Merelli AA, Squillari E, Politi P, Pagnini F, Oasi O. Psychotherapists' emotional reactions to patients' personality trait in personality disorder treatment settings: an exploratory study. BMC Psychol 2021; 9:74. [PMID: 33957958 PMCID: PMC8103645 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-021-00580-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapist's emotional reactions toward patients in clinical facilities are a key concept in the treatment of personality disorders. Considering only clinical settings specialized in treatment of personality pathology the present paper aimed at: (1) assessing any direct relationship between patient symptom severity and therapist emotional response; (2) exploring patients' functioning configurations that can be associated with specific therapist reactions (3) investigating whether these relationships remains significant when accounting for other setting variables related to patients or therapist. METHODS The present study included 43 outpatients with personality disorders who underwent a psychotherapy treatment in two Italian facilities dedicated to outpatients with personality disorders and their 19 psychotherapists. The Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90R) was used to explore clinical severity condition. Psychotherapists completed the Therapist Response Questionnaire (TRQ) to identify pattern of therapists' response and the Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure-200 (SWAP-200) in order to assess personality traits of the patients. RESULTS No significant relationship between the clinical severity of the symptoms and the therapist' responses was found. Even when controlled for clinical severity condition, duration of the treatment, age and educational level of the patient or years of therapist experience, most of SWAP-200 traits appeared to be significant predictors of therapist' emotional responses. CONCLUSIONS The present study confirms the value of therapists' emotional response as a useful tool in understanding psychological processes related to clinical practice highlighting its context-dependent dimension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesare Cavalera
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Boldrini
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Edoardo Squillari
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Politi
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Osmano Oasi
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
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Pagnini F, Volpato E, Dell'Orto S, Cavalera C, Spina M, Banfi P. Illness Expectations Assessment in People with Asthma: A Tool for Explicit and Implicit Beliefs. J Asthma Allergy 2021; 14:449-455. [PMID: 33976554 PMCID: PMC8104979 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s307763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Illness expectations are cognitive schemas, both explicit and implicit, describing how symptoms are expected to be in the future. They can be particularly relevant to disease in a mind/body framework. Asthma is a condition in which the psychological aspects can highly influence the body, but no study has directly explored these specific expectations, and no dedicated assessment tools are available. Methods We developed a questionnaire to assess the illness expectations, together with an ad hoc version of the Implicit Association Test (IAT). We tested its factorial structure, and the internal and test–retest validity, recruiting a sample of 183 asthmatic people. We also explored the convergent validity and the correlations with objective and subjective clinical assessments. Results Data suggested a three-factorial structure of the questionnaire into expectations about future symptoms, change in current health status, and rigidity of these expectations. The questionnaire showed good psychometric properties and strong associations with the other considered outcomes, including implicit expectations. The implicit evaluation, however, lacked test–retest reliability. Conclusion The questionnaire is a valid tool to assess illness expectations in people with asthma. The two expectation scales are highly related, and the implicit expectations are moderately associated with the explicit ones. The lack of stability related to IAT results may reflect a lack of stability of the implicit expectations. The implications for the mind/body framework still need to be fully explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.,Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Eleonora Volpato
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.,Pneumological Rehabilitation, IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Dell'Orto
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Cesare Cavalera
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Banfi
- Pneumological Rehabilitation, IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
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Saita E, Facchin F, Pagnini F, Molgora S. In the Eye of the Covid-19 Storm: A Web-Based Survey of Psychological Distress Among People Living in Lombardy. Front Psychol 2021; 12:566753. [PMID: 33716846 PMCID: PMC7943880 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.566753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In March 2020, the World Health Organization announced the Covid-19 outbreak a pandemic and restrictive measures were enacted by the Governments to fight the spread of the virus. In Italy, these measures included a nationwide lockdown, with limited exceptions including grocery shopping, certain work activities, and healthcare. Consistently with findings from previous studies investigating the psychological impact of similar pandemics [e.g., Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)], there is evidence that Covid-19 is associated with negative mental health outcomes. Given this background, we conducted a cross-sectional study aimed at investigating the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and the subsequent restrictive measures imposed by the Government on the psychological health of Italian men and women aged = 18 years and living in Lombardy, one of the worst-hit regions. The study also aimed at identifying what factors are associated with specific psychological outcomes. Thus, we developed an online survey that included a researcher-made questionnaire to collect sociodemographic, household, general health, and pandemic-related information. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and the Perceived Stress Scale were used to assess anxiety, depression, and perceived stress, respectively. We found that younger age, greater concerns about the pandemic, female gender, being unmarried, not having children, and being a student were associated with worse psychological health. These findings may provide further insight into the risk factors associated with negative psychological outcomes during the current pandemic, with identification of vulnerable groups. This body of evidence may help professionals implement targeted psychosocial treatment and prevention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Saita
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Facchin
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Molgora
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy
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Palmieri A, Kleinbub JR, Pagnini F, Sorarù G, Cipolletta S. Empathy-based supportive treatment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A pragmatic study. Am J Clin Hypn 2021; 63:202-216. [PMID: 33617426 DOI: 10.1080/00029157.2020.1797623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Scarce literature has been dedicated to the psychological treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, there have been some encouraging findings, such as in hypnosis-based studies, which revealed patient improvements in anxiety, depression and quality of life (QoL). We replicated such a design of a pragmatic study on empathy-based supportive counseling treatment in four weekly domiciliary sessions. Twenty-one people with ALS (pALS) consecutively attending the Motor Neuron Disease Center of Padova University were recruited to the study; in total, 21 pALS who did not undergo any kind of psychological treatment served as the control group. In the treatment group, depression, anxiety and QoL (measured respectively with the HADS-D, HADS-A and ALSSQOL-R) were assessed at pre- and post-treatment levels and at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. Statistical mixed-model regression analyses revealed that in the treated group, perceived conditions of anxiety, depression and QoL were significantly stable compared to worsening in the control patients. Interestingly, there were improvements in the QoL domains "Interaction", "Emotion" and "Physical" at the 6-month follow-up. Overall, even if not directly comparable, our current results on support-based counseling, though interesting, seem not to reach the efficacy of a hypnosis-based study in which the observed dimensions were significantly improved with respect to the baseline. The implications of our results from a psychodynamic perspective are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Francesco Pagnini
- Catholic University Sacro Cuore, Milano, Italy
- Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Ziglioli F, Maestroni U, Manna C, Negrini G, Granelli G, Greco V, Pagnini F, De Filippo M. Multiparametric MRI in the management of prostate cancer: an update-a narrative review. Gland Surg 2020; 9:2321-2330. [PMID: 33447583 DOI: 10.21037/gs-20-561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The growing interest in multiparametric MRI is leading to important changes in the diagnostic process of prostate cancer. MRI-targeted biopsy is likely to become a standard for the diagnosis of prostate cancer in the next years. Despite it is well known that MRI has no role as a staging technique, it is clear that multiparametric MRI may be of help in active surveillance protocols. Noteworthy, MRI in active surveillance is not recommended, but a proper understanding of its potential may be of help in achieving the goals of a delayed treatment strategy. Moreover, the development of minimally invasive techniques, like laparoscopic and robotic surgery, has led to greater expectations as regard to the functional outcomes of radical prostatectomy. Multiparametric MRI may play a role in planning surgical strategies, with the aim to provide the highest oncologic outcome with a minimal impact on the quality of life. We maintain that a proper anatomic knowledge of prostate lesions may allow the surgeon to achieve a better result in planning as well as in performing surgery and help the surgeon and the patient engage in a shared decision in planning a more effective strategy for prostate cancer control and treatment. This review highlights the advantages and the limitations of multiparametric MRI in prostate cancer diagnosis, in active surveillance and in planning surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carmelinda Manna
- Department of Radiology, University-Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giulio Negrini
- Department of Radiology, University-Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giorgia Granelli
- Department of Urology, University-Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Valentina Greco
- Department of Radiology, University-Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Pietrabissa G, Manzoni GM, Algeri D, Mazzucchelli L, Carella A, Pagnini F, Castelnuovo G. Facebook Use as Access Facilitator for Consulting Psychology. Australian Psychologist 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ap.12139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giada Pietrabissa
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Psychology Research Laboratory, Ospedale San Giuseppe,
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan,
| | - Gian Mauro Manzoni
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Psychology Research Laboratory, Ospedale San Giuseppe,
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan,
| | - Davide Algeri
- S.I.P.O., Servizio Italiano di Psicologia Online, Italian Service for Online Psychology,
| | - Luca Mazzucchelli
- S.I.P.O., Servizio Italiano di Psicologia Online, Italian Service for Online Psychology,
| | - Alice Carella
- S.I.P.O., Servizio Italiano di Psicologia Online, Italian Service for Online Psychology,
| | | | - Gianluca Castelnuovo
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Psychology Research Laboratory, Ospedale San Giuseppe,
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan,
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Park C, Pagnini F, Langer E. Glucose metabolism responds to perceived sugar intake more than actual sugar intake. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15633. [PMID: 32973226 PMCID: PMC7515886 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72501-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors examine study participants who have Type 2 diabetes to determine whether cognition affects glucose levels in contrast to widely held suppositions. Thirty participants who have type 2 diabetes consume beverages that have identical ingredients but have deceptive nutrition facts labels. Blood glucose levels measured four times before and after beverage consumption show that blood glucose levels increase when participants believe the beverage has high sugar content as portrayed on the labels. Also, individual eating behaviors and nutritional satisfaction are linked to changes in blood glucose levels. The study results support the concept of anticipatory budgeting on glucose metabolism. The findings provide pressing evidence for the psychobiological model of chronic disease, suggesting that psychological intervention programs may be important for diabetes management, beyond current programs in which type 2 diabetes is managed through diet, exercise, and medications only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanmo Park
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, 33 Kirkland St, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, 33 Kirkland St, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.,Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Ellen Langer
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, 33 Kirkland St, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
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Agostini A, Borgheresi A, Floridi C, Carotti M, Grazzini G, Pagnini F, Guerrini S, Palumbo P, Pradella S, Carrafiello G, Vivarelli M, Giovagnoni A. The role of imaging in surgical planning for liver resection: what the radiologist need to know. Acta Biomed 2020; 91:18-26. [PMID: 32945275 PMCID: PMC7944681 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v91i8-s.9938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The management of patients undergoing surgical resection for liver malignancies requires a multidisciplinary team, including a dedicated radiologist. In the preoperative workup, the radiologist has to provide precise, relevant information to the surgeon. This requires the radiologist to know the basics of surgical techniques as well as liver surgical anatomy in order to help to avoid unexpected surgical scenarios and complications. Moreover, virtual resections and volumetries on radiological images will be discussed, and basic concepts of postoperative liver failure, regeneration, and methods for hypertrophy induction will be provided. (www.actabiomedica.it)
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Agostini
- Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences, University Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, AN, Italy; Division of Special and Pediatric Radiology, Department of Radiology, University Hospital "Umberto I - Lancisi - Salesi", Ancona, AN, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Borgheresi
- Division of Special and Pediatric Radiology, Department of Radiology, University Hospital "Umberto I - Lancisi - Salesi", Ancona, AN, Italy.
| | - Chiara Floridi
- Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences, University Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, AN, Italy; Division of Special and Pediatric Radiology, Department of Radiology, University Hospital "Umberto I - Lancisi - Salesi", Ancona, AN, Italy.
| | - Marina Carotti
- Division of Special and Pediatric Radiology, Department of Radiology, University Hospital "Umberto I - Lancisi - Salesi", Ancona, AN, Italy.
| | - Giulia Grazzini
- Department of Radiology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Radiology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Susanna Guerrini
- Unit of Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, University of Siena, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy.
| | - Pierpaolo Palumbo
- Department of Biotechnology and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Silvia Pradella
- Department of Radiology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
| | - Gianpaolo Carrafiello
- Radiology Department, Fondazione IRCSS Ca Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico and Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Marco Vivarelli
- University Politecnica delle Marche, School of Medicine and University Hospital "Umberto I - Lancisi - Salesi", Division of Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Andrea Giovagnoni
- Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences, University Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, AN, Italy; Division of Special and Pediatric Radiology, Department of Radiology, University Hospital "Umberto I - Lancisi - Salesi", Ancona, AN, Italy.
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Negro A, Paolucci A, Russo C, Di Stasi M, Guerriero P, Arrigoni F, Bruno F, Pagnini F, Angileri SA, Palumbo P, Masciocchi C, Puoti G, Tortora F, Caranci F. Predictive factors of volumetric reduction in lumbar disc herniation treated by O2-O3 chemiodiscolysis. Acta Biomed 2020; 91:89-97. [PMID: 32945283 PMCID: PMC7944679 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v91i8-s.9975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of O2-O3 percutaneous chemiodiscolysis by evaluating volumetric changes in lumbar disc herniation on magnetic resonance imaging, in order to identify possible pre-treatment factors affecting such changes Methods: Between January 2014 and December 2017, a total of 87 patients with low back pain and 103 lumbar disc herniations with MRI confirmation were considered for O2-O3 chemiodiscolysis. The volume of each herniated disc was determined before and after the treatment. Results: Multiple linear regression analysis showed a strong correlation between post-treatment LDH volume percent change and both pre-treatment LDH volume and pre-treatment EQ-VAS (p<0.05), while age showed only a weak positive correlation with post-treatment LDH volume percent change (p<0.1). No association was found for other factors, such as sex and herniation disc level. Conclusions: In conclusion, age, baseline LDH volume and self-assessed disease severity score could represent three easy accessible outcome predictive parameters to consider when intradiscal O2-O3 chemiodiscolysis is envisaged. Better results after intradiscal O2-O3 chemiodiscolysis were obtained in older patients with higher pre-treatment LDH volume and low-moderate pre-treatment EQ-VAS. (www.actabiomedica.it)
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Negro
- Ospedale del Mare - ASL NA1, Neuroradiology Unit,Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Chirurgiche, Neurologiche, Metaboliche e dell'invecchiamento, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
| | | | - Camilla Russo
- Advanced Biomedical Sciences Department University of Naples "Federico II", Napoli, Italy.
| | - Martina Di Stasi
- Advanced Biomedical Sciences Department University of Naples "Federico II", Napoli, Italy.
| | - Pasquale Guerriero
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy.
| | - Francesco Arrigoni
- Department of Biotechnology and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Federico Bruno
- Department of Biotechnology and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Radiology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy..
| | - Salvatore Alessio Angileri
- Operative Unit of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan University, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20122, Milan, Italy..
| | - Pierpaolo Palumbo
- Department of Biotechnology and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Carlo Masciocchi
- Department of Biotechnology and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Gianfranco Puoti
- Second Division of Neurology. Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Universityof Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
| | - Fabio Tortora
- Advanced Biomedical Sciences Department University of Naples "Federico II", Napoli, Italy.
| | - Ferdinando Caranci
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.
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Pagnini F, Cervi E, Maestroni U, Agostini A, Borgheresi A, Piacentino F, Angileri SA, Ierardi AM, Floridi C, Carbone M, Ziglioli F, De Filippo M. Imaging guided percutaneous renal biopsy: do it or not? Acta Biomed 2020; 91:81-88. [PMID: 32945282 PMCID: PMC7944675 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v91i8-s.9990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Since its first reported application, renal biopsy became an important part of the diagnostic algorithm, considered advantages and risks, to better manage therapeutic options. The biopsy can be performed with different techniques (open, laparoscopic, transjugular, transurethral and percutaneous). Currently, the percutaneous approach is the modality of choice. Percutaneous biopsy can be performed under CT or US guidance, but critical benefits and disadvantages have to be considered. Core needle biopsy is usually preferred to fine-needle aspiration because of the sample quality, usually obtaining multiple cores, especially in heterogeneous tumors. Principal complications are hematuria (1-10%), perinephric hematoma (10-90%), pneumothorax (0,6%), clinically significant pain (1,2%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Pagnini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Radiology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Cervi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Radiology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Umberto Maestroni
- Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Andrea Agostini
- Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences, University Politecnica delle Marche and Department of Radiology - Division of Special and Pediatric Radiology, University Hospital "Umberto I - Ancona, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Borgheresi
- Department of Radiology - Division of Special and Pediatric Radiology, University Hospital "Umberto I - Ancona, Italy.
| | - Filippo Piacentino
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Insubria, Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Alessio Angileri
- Radiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Anna Maria Ierardi
- Radiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Chiara Floridi
- Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences, University Politecnica delle Marche and Department of Radiology - Division of Special and Pediatric Radiology, University Hospital "Umberto I - Ancona, Italy.
| | - Mattia Carbone
- Department of Radiology, San Giovanni E Ruggi D'Aragona Hospital, Salerno, Italy.
| | - Francesco Ziglioli
- Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Massimo De Filippo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Radiology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
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