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Abstract
Human-infecting pathogens that transmit through the air pose a significant threat to public health. As a prominent instance, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that caused the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the world in an unprecedented manner over the past few years. Despite the dissipating pandemic gloom, the lessons we have learned in dealing with pathogen-laden aerosols should be thoroughly reviewed because the airborne transmission risk may have been grossly underestimated. From a bioanalytical chemistry perspective, on-site airborne pathogen detection can be an effective non-pharmaceutic intervention (NPI) strategy, with on-site airborne pathogen detection and early-stage infection risk evaluation reducing the spread of disease and enabling life-saving decisions to be made. In light of this, we summarize the recent advances in highly efficient pathogen-laden aerosol sampling approaches, bioanalytical sensing technologies, and the prospects for airborne pathogen exposure measurement and evidence-based transmission interventions. We also discuss open challenges facing general bioaerosols detection, such as handling complex aerosol samples, improving sensitivity for airborne pathogen quantification, and establishing a risk assessment system with high spatiotemporal resolution for mitigating airborne transmission risks. This review provides a multidisciplinary outlook for future opportunities to improve the on-site airborne pathogen detection techniques, thereby enhancing the preparedness for more on-site bioaerosols measurement scenarios, such as monitoring high-risk pathogens on airplanes, weaponized pathogen aerosols, influenza variants at the workplace, and pollutant correlated with sick building syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Qiu
- Institute of Medical Robotics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Xiaole Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Andrew J deMello
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg1, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Maosheng Yao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, China
| | - Junji Cao
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
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Kong Y, Ji Y, Qiu G, Wang Y, Fang J, Chen M, Chen Q, Jiang Y, Yang Y. Radiotherapy for Patients with Locally Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Receiving Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy Combined with Chemotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e309-e310. [PMID: 37785119 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) With the success of immunotherapy in advanced esophageal cancer, neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy (CIT) is being increasingly used for local staged esophageal cancer, especially in the context of clinical trials, which brings similar pCR with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and shows promising results. However, there is still a part of potentially operable patients can't undergo surgery after neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy. The follow-up treatment and prognosis of this population remain unclear. MATERIALS/METHODS Patients pathologically diagnosed with ESCC, clinical stage T1-3N+M0 or T3-4aNanyM0(AJCC 8th), PS 0-1 were retrospectively enrolled from 1/2020 to 6/2021 in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital. All patients firstly received PD-1 inhibitors (Camrelizumab, Sintilimab or Tislelizumab) plus chemotherapy (albumin paclitaxel,260 mg/m²on day 1 plus carboplatin AUC = 5 on day 1) every 3 weeks for 2-4 cycles. For those patients who did not receive surgery, definitive radiotherapy with 50.4Gy/28F or 50Gy/25F was adopted using VMAT, concurrent with chemotherapy or alone. The concurrent chemotherapy regimens included weekly TC (paclitaxel 50 mg/m 2, d1, carboplatin AUC = 2, d1) or S1 (60mg bid d1-14,29-42). The survival outcomes and treatment toxicity were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS A total of 56 eligible patients were finally identified from 558 patients who were treated in department of thoracic surgery, 31 patients showed no response to neoadjuvant CIT (6 with PD and 25 with SD), 25 patients achieved PR but did not receive surgery due to poor performance status or refuse to operation. Median age was 66(IQR 56-72) and 55(98.2%) were males. 12(19.6%) were stage II and 44(80.4%) were stage III. Among all the patients,25 (44.6%) received radiotherapy alone, and 31 (55.4%) received chemoradiotherapy after neoadjuvant CIT. The median follow-up was 11.8 months (IQR 8.6-20.1). The median PFS and OS were 16.5 months (95CI 12.9-21.4) and 18.6 months (95CI 11.2-NA), respectively. In the subgroup analysis, the median PFS for patients with PR to CIT was 20.2 moths (95CI:17.23-NA), and 12.9 moths (95CI: 0.68-20.4) for patients with SD or PD, HR was 0.45 (95CI:0.22- 0.93, P = 0.027). No significant difference was observed for patients received radiotherapy alone or chemoradiotherapy with HR = 1.36(95CI:0.69-2.71, P = 0.37). The most common AEs observed during this study were anemia (98.2%), Leukopenia (83.9%), Thrombocytopenia (53.6%). Adverse events of grade≥3 radiation-induced pneumonitis and esophagitis were 12.5% and 32.1%, especially, 6 patients (10.7%) died from esophageal fistula and 2 patients (3.6%) died from grade 5 pneumonitis. CONCLUSION For local advanced ESCC patients after neoadjuvant CIT who did not receive surgery, definitive radiotherapy was an optional treatment strategy. However, those patients with no response to CIT also showed poor response to radiotherapy, and particular attention should be paid to treatment related toxicity, especially esophageal fistula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Cancer Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Y Ji
- Department of Thoracic radiotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - G Qiu
- Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Thoracic radiotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - J Fang
- Department of Thoracic radiotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - M Chen
- Department of Thoracic radiotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Q Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Y Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Y Yang
- Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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Yang Y, Wang C, Jiang Y, Zhou X, Wang S, Su D, Qiu G, Chen Q. Different Radiation Dose of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation for Resectable Thoracic Esophageal Squamous Carcinoma: A Randomized Phase II Clinical Trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S13. [PMID: 37784333 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Radiation dose used in the neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) for patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) varies in clinical practice, no prospective studies have been conducted on this issue. The hypothesis of this study is that higher radiation dose in nCRT was associated with improved progression free survival in resectable ESCC. MATERIALS/METHODS A phase II prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted from February 22, 2018 to February 22, 2021 in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital (NCT03381651). Patient with locally resectable advanced thoracic ESCC (cT2-T4aNxM0, T1-3N+M0) were randomized 1:1 to receive nCRT with different radiation doses of 50.4 Gy/28F and 41.4 Gy/23F, weekly TC regimen (paclitaxel 50 mg/m2, d1, carboplatin AUC = 2, d1) was administered as concurrent chemotherapy. The primary endpoint was 2-year progression free survival (PFS), and the secondary endpoints included complete pathological response (pCR) rate, overall survival (OS), local recurrence free survival (LRFS), and distant metastasis free survival (DMFS). The last follow-up date was February 22, 2022 and data analysis was performed from May 1, 2022, to October 31, 2022. RESULTS A total of 147 patients were enrolled in the prospective study, including 72 patients in 50.4 Gy/28F group and 75 patients in 41.4 Gy/23F group. Among all the patients, 101 patients finally underwent surgical resection, 23/46(50%) achieved pCR in the high-dose group, while 18/55(32.7%) achieved pCR in the low-dose group (P = 0.10). In intention-to-treat population analysis, 2-year PFS in the high-dose and low-dose groups were 53.5% (95% CI: 42.9-66.7%) and 45.5% (95% CI: 35.4%-58.5%), respectively, and hazard ratio (HR) was 0.72 (95% CI: 0.46-1.12, P = 0.14). Median PFS were 44.4 months (95% CI: 16-NA) versus 20.8 months (95% CI: 15-NA) in high and low dose groups. 2-year OS in the high and low-dose groups were 61.8% (95% CI: 51.2 -74.5%) and 60.5% (95% CI: 50.3 -72.8%), respectively, with a HR = 0.78(95% CI: 0.48-1.27, P = 0.32). Median OS were not arrived in both groups up to the last follow-up. In addition, 2-year LRFS were 87.9% (95% CI: 78.4-98.5%) and 74.8% (95% CI: 63.3-88.3%) in high and low-dose groups, while 2-year DMFS were 70.6% (95% CI: 58.3-85.5%) and 73.6% (95% CI: 61.7-87.8%), respectively. No significant statistical difference was observed between the two groups in terms of side effects during nCRT and postoperative complications. CONCLUSION Our results showed that neoadjuvant high-dose radiotherapy failed to improve overall survival in ESCC. However, it was found that pCR and local tumor control rates tended to be increased at 50.4 Gy/28F, compared to 41.4 Gy/23F, although the trend was not statistically significant. There was no significant difference in treatment side effects between the two groups. Longer-term follow-up is required to verify our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yang
- Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - C Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Y Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - X Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - S Wang
- Endoscopy Center, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - D Su
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - G Qiu
- Department of Thoracic Radiotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Q Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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Jiang F, Liu B, Yue Y, Tao Y, Xiao Z, Li M, Ji Z, Tang J, Qiu G, Spillmann M, Cao J, Zhang L, Wang J. Direct Quantitation of SARS-CoV-2 Virus in Urban Ambient Air via a Continuous-Flow Electrochemical Bioassay. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023:e2301222. [PMID: 37222069 PMCID: PMC10401087 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Airborne SARS-CoV-2 virus surveillance faces challenges in complicated biomarker enrichment, interferences from various non-specific matters and extremely low viral load in the urban ambient air, leading to difficulties in detecting SARS-CoV-2 bioaerosols. This work reports a highly specific bioanalysis platform, with an exceptionally low limit-of-detection (≤1 copy m-3 ) and good analytical accordance with RT-qPCR, relying on surface-mediated electrochemical signaling and enzyme-assisted signal amplification, enabling gene and signal amplification for accurate identification and quantitation of low doses human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) and SARS-CoV-2 viruses in urban ambient air. This work provides a laboratory test using cultivated coronavirus to simulate the airborne spread of SARS-CoV-2, and validate that the platform could reliably detect airborne coronavirus and reveal the transmission characteristics. This bioassay conducts the quantitation of real-world HCoV-229E and SARS-CoV-2 in airborne particulate matters collected from road-side and residential areas in Bern and Zurich (Switzerland) and Wuhan (China), with resultant concentrations verified by RT-qPCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuze Jiang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Dübendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Bei Liu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Dübendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Yang Yue
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Dübendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Yile Tao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Dübendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Zhen Xiao
- Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Meng Li
- Zurich Instruments AG, Zürich, CH-8005, Switzerland
| | - Zheng Ji
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
- International Joint Research Centre of Shaanxi Province for Pollutant Exposure and Eco-Environmental Health, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Jiukai Tang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Dübendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Guangyu Qiu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Dübendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Martin Spillmann
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Dübendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Junji Cao
- Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Lianjun Zhang
- Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Dübendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
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Qiu G, Spillmann M, Tang J, Zhao Y, Tao Y, Zhang X, Geschwindner H, Saleh L, Zingg W, Wang J. On-Site Quantification and Infection Risk Assessment of Airborne SARS-CoV-2 Virus Via a Nanoplasmonic Bioaerosol Sensing System in Healthcare Settings. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2022; 9:e2204774. [PMID: 36310114 PMCID: PMC9762303 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
On-site quantification and early-stage infection risk assessment of airborne severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with high spatiotemporal resolution is a promising approach for mitigating the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and informing life-saving decisions. Here, a condensation (hygroscopic growth)-assisted bioaerosol collection and plasmonic photothermal sensing (CAPS) system for on-site quantitative risk analysis of SARS-CoV-2 virus-laden aerosols is presented. The CAPS system provided rapid thermoplasmonic biosensing results after an aerosol-to-hydrosol sampling process in COVID-19-related environments including a hospital and a nursing home. The detection limit reached 0.25 copies/µL in the complex aerosol background without further purification. More importantly, the CAPS system enabled direct measurement of the SARS-CoV-2 virus exposures with high spatiotemporal resolution. Measurement and feedback of the results to healthcare workers and patients via a QR-code are completed within two hours. Based on a dose-responseµ model, it is used the plasmonic biosensing signal to calculate probabilities of SARS-CoV-2 infection risk and estimate maximum exposure durations to an acceptable risk threshold in different environmental settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Qiu
- Institute of Environmental EngineeringETH ZürichZürich8093Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical TechnologiesEmpaSwiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyDübendorf8600Switzerland
- Institute of Medical RoboticsShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Martin Spillmann
- Institute of Environmental EngineeringETH ZürichZürich8093Switzerland
| | - Jiukai Tang
- Institute of Environmental EngineeringETH ZürichZürich8093Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical TechnologiesEmpaSwiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyDübendorf8600Switzerland
| | - Yi‐Bo Zhao
- Institute of Environmental EngineeringETH ZürichZürich8093Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical TechnologiesEmpaSwiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyDübendorf8600Switzerland
| | - Yile Tao
- Institute of Environmental EngineeringETH ZürichZürich8093Switzerland
| | - Xiaole Zhang
- Institute of Environmental EngineeringETH ZürichZürich8093Switzerland
| | - Heike Geschwindner
- Nursing Research and ScienceSenior Health Centres of the City of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Lanja Saleh
- Institute of Clinical ChemistryUniversity Hospital ZurichUniversity of ZurichZurich8091Switzerland
| | - Walter Zingg
- Clinic for Infectious Diseases and Hospital HygieneUniversity Hospital of ZurichZurich8091Switzerland
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Environmental EngineeringETH ZürichZürich8093Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical TechnologiesEmpaSwiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyDübendorf8600Switzerland
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Tang J, Qiu G, Cao X, deMello A, Wang J. Microfluid Switching-Induced Transient Refractive Interface. ACS Sens 2022; 7:3521-3529. [PMID: 36356161 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c01901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The laminar flow interface (LFI) developed at low Reynolds numbers is one of the most prominent features of microscale flows and has been employed in a diverse range of optofluidic applications. The formation of LFIs usually requires the manipulation of multiple streams within a microchannel using a complex hydrodynamic pumping system. Herein, we present a new type of LFI that is generated by fluid switching within a three-dimensional (3D) microlens-incorporating microfluidic chip (3D-MIMC). Since Poiseuille flows exhibit a parabolic velocity profile, the LFI is cone-like in shape and acts as a transient refractive interface (TRI), which is sensitive to the refractive index (RI) and the Péclet number (Pe) of the switching fluids. In response to the TRI, the intensity of the transmitted light can be intensified or attenuated depending on the sequence of fluid switching operations. By incorporating three-dimensional (3D) microlenses and increasing the Pe values, the profile and amplitude of the intensity peak are both significantly improved. The limit of detection (LoD) for a sodium chloride (NaCl) solution at Pe = 1363 is as low as 0.001% (w/w), representing an improvement of 1-2 orders of magnitude when compared to existing optofluidic concentration sensors based on intensity modulation. Fluid switching of a variety of inorganic and organic sample fluids confirms that the specific optical response (Kor) correlates positively with both Pe and the specific RI (Knc), obeying a linear relationship. This model is further verified through cross-validations and used to estimate the molecular diffusion coefficient (D) of a range of species. Furthermore, by virtue of the TRI, we achieve a sensitive measurement of optical-equivalent total dissolved solids (OE-TDS) for environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiukai Tang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich8093, Switzerland.,Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf8600, Switzerland
| | - Guangyu Qiu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich8093, Switzerland.,Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf8600, Switzerland.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai200240, China
| | - Xiaobao Cao
- Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich8093, Switzerland.,Guangzhou Lab, International Bio Island, Haizhu District, Guangzhou510005, Guangdong, China
| | - Andrew deMello
- Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich8093, Switzerland
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich8093, Switzerland.,Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf8600, Switzerland
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Qiu G, Du Y, Guo Y, Meng Y, Gai Z, Zhang M, Wang J, deMello A. Plasmofluidic-Based Near-Field Optical Trapping of Dielectric Nano-Objects Using Gold Nanoislands Sensor Chips. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:47409-47419. [PMID: 36240070 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c12651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Near-field optical manipulation has been widely used for guiding and trapping nanoscale objects close to an optical-active interface. This near-field manipulation opens opportunities for next-generation biosensing with the capability of large-area trapping and in situ detection. In this article, we used the finite element method (FEM) to analyze the motion mechanism of nano-objects (50-500 nm) in the near-field optics, especially localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). The size-dependent optical forces and hydrodynamic forces of subwavelength nanoparticles (<500 nm) in different hydrodynamic velocity fields were calculated. When the strength of the local electric field was increased, LSPR with two-dimensional gold nanoislands (AuNIs) showed improved capability for manipulating nano-objects near the vicinity of the AuNI interface. Through the experiments of in situ interferometric testing 50-500 nm nano-objects with constant number concentration or volume fraction, it was confirmed that the local plasmonic near-field was able to trap the dielectric polystyrene beads smaller than 200 nm. The plasmofluidic system was further verified by testing biological nanovesicles such as exosomes (40-200 nm) and high- and low-density lipoproteins (10-200 nm). This concept of direct dielectric nano-objects manipulation enables large-scale parallel trapping and dynamic sensing of biological nanovesicles without the need of molecular binding tethers or labeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Qiu
- Institute for Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Stefano-Franscini-Platz 3, CH-8093Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf8600, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Robotics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dong Chuan Road, Shanghai200240, China
| | - Ying Du
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg1, CH-8093Zürich, Switzerland
- College of Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou310023, China
| | - Yujia Guo
- College of Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou310023, China
| | - Yingchao Meng
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg1, CH-8093Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Zhibo Gai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zürich, Zürich8091, Switzerland
| | - Ming Zhang
- College of Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou310023, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute for Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Stefano-Franscini-Platz 3, CH-8093Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf8600, Switzerland
| | - Andrew deMello
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg1, CH-8093Zürich, Switzerland
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8
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Netkueakul W, Chortarea S, Kulthong K, Li H, Qiu G, Jovic M, Gaan S, Hannig Y, Buerki-Thurnherr T, Wick P, Wang J. Airborne emissions from combustion of graphene nanoplatelet/epoxy composites and their cytotoxicity on lung cells via air-liquid interface cell exposure in vitro. NanoImpact 2022; 27:100414. [PMID: 35961501 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2022.100414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) as a nanofiller improves the mechanical strength, electrical conductivity, and flame retardancy of the polymers significantly. With an increasing number of GNP-reinforced products, a careful safety assessment is needed to avoid social and economic setbacks. However, no study has addressed the effects of combustion-generated emissions from GNP-reinforced products in the lung, the most sensitive exposure route to airborne particles. Therefore, we studied the influence of GNP as a nanofiller on the emitted particles and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and cytotoxicity of the emissions from the combustion of pure epoxy (EP) and GNP-reinforced epoxy (EP-GNP). GNP was not detected in the airborne emissions. PAHs were found in airborne particles of both emissions from EP and EP-GNP, with some differences in their concentrations. A first hazard assessment was performed on human alveolar epithelial cells exposed to the airborne emissions at air-liquid interface conditions. At 24 h and 96 h after the exposure, similar responses were observed between EP and EP-GNP except an acute transient decrease in mitochondrial activity after exposure to the emissions from EP-GNP. Both emissions from EP and EP-GNP had no acute effects on membrane integrity, cell morphology or expression of anti-oxidative stress markers (HMOX1 and SOD2 genes). Meanwhile, both emissions induced the activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (CYP1A1 gene) and a transient (pro-) inflammatory response (MCP-1), but the effects between EP and EP-GNP were not significantly different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woranan Netkueakul
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich 8093, Zurich, Switzerland; Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Particles-Biology Interactions Lab, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Savvina Chortarea
- Particles-Biology Interactions Lab, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Kornphimol Kulthong
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 12120 Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Hao Li
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich 8093, Zurich, Switzerland; Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Guangyu Qiu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich 8093, Zurich, Switzerland; Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Milijana Jovic
- Additives and Chemistry Group, Advanced Fibers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Sabyasachi Gaan
- Additives and Chemistry Group, Advanced Fibers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Yvette Hannig
- Particles-Biology Interactions Lab, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Tina Buerki-Thurnherr
- Particles-Biology Interactions Lab, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Peter Wick
- Particles-Biology Interactions Lab, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich 8093, Zurich, Switzerland; Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
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9
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Tao Y, Zhang X, Qiu G, Spillmann M, Ji Z, Wang J. SARS-CoV-2 and other airborne respiratory viruses in outdoor aerosols in three Swiss cities before and during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Environ Int 2022; 164:107266. [PMID: 35512527 PMCID: PMC9060371 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been affecting the world since the end of 2019. While virus-laden particles have been commonly detected and studied in the aerosol samples from indoor healthcare settings, studies are scarce on air surveillance of the virus in outdoor non-healthcare environments, including the correlations between SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses, between viruses and environmental factors, and between viruses and human behavior changes due to the public health measures against COVID-19. Therefore, in this study, we collected airborne particulate matter (PM) samples from November 2019 to April 2020 in Bern, Lugano, and Zurich. Among 14 detected viruses, influenza A, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, and HCoV-229E were abundant in air. SARS-CoV-2 and enterovirus were moderately common, while the remaining viruses occurred only in low concentrations. SARS-CoV-2 was detected in PM10 (PM below 10 µm) samples of Bern and Zurich, and PM2.5 (PM below 2.5 µm) samples of Bern which exhibited a concentration positively correlated with the local COVID-19 case number. The concentration was also correlated with the concentration of enterovirus which raised the concern of coinfection. The estimated COVID-19 infection risks of an hour exposure at these two sites were generally low but still cannot be neglected. Our study demonstrated the potential functionality of outdoor air surveillance of airborne respiratory viruses, especially at transportation hubs and traffic arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yile Tao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland; Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Xiaole Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland; Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Guangyu Qiu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland; Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Martin Spillmann
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland; Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Zheng Ji
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland; Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland.
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10
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Tao Y, Yue Y, Qiu G, Ji Z, Spillman M, Gai Z, Chen Q, Bielecki M, Huber M, Trkola A, Wang Q, Cao J, Wang J. Comparison of analytical sensitivity and efficiency for SARS-CoV-2 primer sets by TaqMan-based and SYBR Green-based RT-qPCR. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:2207-2218. [PMID: 35218386 PMCID: PMC8881549 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11822-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to threaten public health. For developing countries where vaccines are still in shortage, cheaper alternative molecular methods for SARS-CoV-2 identification can be crucial to prevent the next wave. Therefore, 14 primer sets recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) was evaluated on testing both clinical patient and environmental samples with the gold standard diagnosis method, TaqMan-based RT-qPCR, and a cheaper alternative method, SYBR Green-based RT-qPCR. Using suitable primer sets, such as ORF1ab, 2019_nCoV_N1 and 2019_nCoV_N3, the performance of the SYBR Green approach was comparable or better than the TaqMan approach, even when considering the newly dominating or emerging variants, including Delta, Eta, Kappa, Lambda, Mu, and Omicron. ORF1ab and 2019_nCoV_N3 were the best combination for sensitive and reliable SARS-CoV-2 molecular diagnostics due to their high sensitivity, specificity, and broad accessibility. Key points • With suitable primer sets, the SYBR Green method performs better than the TaqMan one. • With suitable primer sets, both methods should still detect the new variants well. • ORF1ab and 2019_nCoV_N3 were the best combination for SARS-CoV-2 detection. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00253-022-11822-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yile Tao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Yang Yue
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Guangyu Qiu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Zheng Ji
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Martin Spillman
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Zhibo Gai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Qingfa Chen
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Michel Bielecki
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Huber
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Trkola
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Qiyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Junji Cao
- Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
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11
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Yu R, Pan F, Schreine C, Wang X, Bell DM, Qiu G, Wang J. Quantitative Determination of Airborne Redox-Active Compounds Based on Heating-Induced Reduction of Gold Nanoparticles. Anal Chem 2021; 93:14859-14868. [PMID: 34705434 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Airborne redox-active compounds (ARC) account for a substantial fraction of atmospheric aerosols and play a vital role in chemical processes that influence global climate and human and ecological health. With the exception of the determination of total organic carbon by the expensive total organic carbon (TOC) analyzer, there is currently no easy-to-use method to quantify ARC. Here, we designed a method to detect the concentration of ARC by using the thermal-induced reduction and colorimetric behaviors of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), in which the humic substances (HS) was used as a standard model of ARC to calculate the HS-equivalent concentration of ARC. Distinguished from the conventional complex methods, e.g., TOC analysis, the proposed approach measured localized surface plasmon resonance absorption of AuNPs and the target ARC concentration can be either directly quantified by the absorption spectrometer or qualitatively evaluated by the naked eyes. By using the absorption spectrometer, a limit of detection of 0.005 ppm by our AuNP sensor was achieved. To validate this sensing technique, aerosol samples collected from Basel (suburban), Bern (urban), and Rigi mountain (rural and high-altitude) sites in Switzerland were further investigated through the TOC combustion method. The results thereby substantiated that our plasmonic absorption-based AuNP sensor upholds a great promise for fast, cost-efficient total ARC detection and air quality assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranxue Yu
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.,Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.,Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Ueberlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Fei Pan
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces, Empa, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Schreine
- Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Ueberlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Xinhou Wang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - David M Bell
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Guangyu Qiu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.,Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Ueberlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.,Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Ueberlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
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12
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Abstract
Refractive index (RI) sensing as a label-free and non-invasive method has been playing an important role in industrial metrology, biochemical detection, and environmental analysis. Due to the combined advantages of microoptics and microfluidics, optofluidic RI sensors have attracted growing interest. Despite a variety of prototypes of optofluidic RI sensors, comprehensive improvement in sensitivity, detection range, fabrication procedures and cost can still bring substantial benefits to the field. In this work, we fabricated a 3D-cascade-microlens optofluidic chip (3DCMOC) for RI sensing. Two-photon stereolithography was employed to fabricate the chip mold, with which the 3DCMOC could be easily manufactured via mold replication. By virtue of integrating four detection channels configured with different numbers (1, 3, 5, and 7) of cascaded microlenses within the 3DCMOC, adjustable sensitivity for RI sensing has been demonstrated through measuring standard sucrose solutions. It was found that the seven-microlens configuration achieved an excellent sensitivity (mean: 21 ± 5 AU·RIU (refractive index unit)-1) and resolution (mean: 3.8 × 10-5 ± 0.9 × 10-5 RIU) at a cost of a narrow linear dynamic range (LDR, 1.3326-1.3548). In contrast, the single-microlens configuration led to an extended LDR (1.3326-1.5120 tested) despite the lower sensitivity (mean: 2.6 ± 0.2 AU·RIU-1) and resolution (mean: 1.5 × 10-4 ± 0.1 × 10-4 RIU). Furthermore, the use of the 3DCMOC was investigated via real-time salinity sensing and analysis of urine specific gravity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiukai Tang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland.
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Guangyu Qiu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland.
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Xiaole Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland.
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland.
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
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13
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Chen N, Wu H, Deng Z, Liao Z, Feng S, Luo Z, Chu Y, Qiu G, Li X, Jin Y, Rong S, Wang F, Gan L, Chen R, Zhao L. [An optimized protocol of meniscus cell extraction for single-cell RNA sequencing]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2021; 41:1310-1318. [PMID: 34658344 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.09.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To optimize the protocol of meniscus cell extraction to enhance the efficiency of cell suspension preparation and maintain a high cell viability for single-cell RNA sequencing. METHODS We compared the efficiency of the routine cell extraction methods (short-time digestion and long-time digestion) and the optimized protocol for obtaining meniscus cell suspensions by evaluating the cell number obtained and the cell viability. Single-cell RNA sequencing datasets were analyzed to evaluate the stability of the cell suspension prepared using the optimized protocol. The reliability of the optimized protocol was assessed by comparing the single-cell RNA sequencing dataset obtained by the optimized protocol with published single-cell RNA sequencing datasets of the meniscus. RESULTS The optimized protocol harvested a greater number of cells (over 1×105) than the routine protocols. The cell suspension prepared with the optimized protocol showed a cell viability higher than 80%, the highest among the 3 methods. Analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing datasets showed that the ratio of the mitochondrial genes was below 20% in over 80% of the cells. CD34+ cells, MCAM+ cells and COL1A1+ cells were identified in the datasets. Comparison with the publish datasets showed that the optimized protocol was capable of harvesting COL3A1+, COL1A1+, MYLK+, BMP2+, CD93+ and CDK1+ cells. CONCLUSION Single-cell suspension prepared from the meniscus can be stably obtained using the optimized protocol for single-cell RNA sequencing using the 10× Genomics platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - H Wu
- Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Z Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Z Liao
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - S Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Z Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Y Chu
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - G Qiu
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - X Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Y Jin
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - S Rong
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - F Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - L Gan
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - R Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - L Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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14
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Thakur A, Xu C, Li WK, Qiu G, He B, Ng SP, Wu CML, Lee Y. In vivo liquid biopsy for glioblastoma malignancy by the AFM and LSPR based sensing of exosomal CD44 and CD133 in a mouse model. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 191:113476. [PMID: 34246124 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the fatal brain tumor in which secreted lactate enhances the expression of cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) and the release of exosomes, cell-derived nanovesicles (30-200 nm), and therefore promotes tumor malignant progression. This study found that lactate-driven upregulated CD44 in malignant Glioblastoma cells (GMs) enhanced the release of CD44-enriched exosomes which increased GMs' migration and endothelial cells' tube formation, and CD44 in the secreted exosomes was sensitively detected by "capture and sensing" Titanium Nitride (TiN) - Nanoholes (NH) - discs immunocapture (TIC) - atomic force microscopy (AFM) and ultrasensitive TiN-NH-localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) biosensors. The limit of detection for exosomal CD44 with TIC-AFM- and TiN-NH-LSPR-biosensors was 5.29 × 10-1 μg/ml and 3.46 × 10-3 μg/ml in exosome concentration, respectively. Importantly, this work first found that label-free sensitive TiN-NH-LSPR biosensor could detect and quantify enhanced CD44 and CD133 levels in immunocaptured GMs-derived exosomes in the blood and the cerebrospinal fluid of a mouse model of GBM, supporting its potential application in a minimally invasive molecular diagnostic for GBM progression as liquid biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhimanyu Thakur
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, SAR, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, SAR, China
| | - Wing Kar Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, SAR, China
| | - Guangyu Qiu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, SAR, China; Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Bing He
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, SAR, China
| | - Siu-Pang Ng
- Rafael Biotechnology Company Ltd., SAR, China
| | - Chi-Man Lawrence Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, SAR, China.
| | - Youngjin Lee
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, SAR, China.
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15
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Abstract
The implementation of colorimetric analysis within microfluidic environments engenders significant benefits with respect to reduced sample and reagent consumption, system miniaturization, and real-time measurement of flowing samples. That said, conventional approaches to colorimetric analysis within microfluidic channels are hampered by short optical pathlengths and single-channel configurations, which lead to poor detection sensitivities and low analytical throughputs. Although the use of multiplexed light source/photodetector modules allows for multichannel analysis, such configurations significantly increase both instrument complexity and cost. To address these issues, we present a four-channel colorimetric measurement scheme within an optical-switch-enabled microfluidic chip (OSEMC) fabricated by two-photon stereolithography. The integration of optical switches enables sequential signal readout from each detection channel, and thus, only a single light source and a photodetector are required for operation. Optical switches can be controlled in a bespoke manner by changing the medium in the switch channel between a "light-transmitting" fluid and a "light-blocking" fluid using pneumatic microvalves. Such optical switches are characterized by fast response times (approximately 200 ms), tunable switching frequencies (between 0.1 and 1.0 Hz studied), and excellent stability. Operational performance demonstrates both good sensitivity and reproducibility through the colorimetric analysis of nitrite and ammonium samples using four detection channels. Furthermore, the use of OSEMC for parallel and real-time analysis of flowing samples is investigated via characterization of the adsorption kinetics of tartrazine on activated charcoal and the catalytic reaction kinetics of horseradish peroxidase (HRP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiukai Tang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland.,Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Xiaobao Cao
- Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Guangyu Qiu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland.,Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Andrew deMello
- Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland.,Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
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16
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Qiu G, Gai Z, Saleh L, Tang J, Gui T, Kullak-Ublick GA, Wang J. Thermoplasmonic-Assisted Cyclic Cleavage Amplification for Self-Validating Plasmonic Detection of SARS-CoV-2. ACS Nano 2021; 15:7536-7546. [PMID: 33724796 PMCID: PMC8029440 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c00957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has penetrated every populated patch of the globe and sows destruction in our daily life. Reliable and sensitive virus sensing systems are therefore of vital importance for timely infection detection and transmission prevention. Here we present a thermoplasmonic-assisted dual-mode transducing (TP-DMT) concept, where an amplification-free-based direct viral RNA detection and an amplification-based cyclic fluorescence probe cleavage (CFPC) detection collaborated to provide a sensitive and self-validating plasmonic nanoplatform for quantifying trace amounts of SARS-CoV-2 within 30 min. In the CFPC detection, endonuclease IV recognized the synthetic abasic site and cleaved the fluorescent probes in the hybridized duplex. The nanoscale thermoplasmonic heating dehybridized the shortened fluorescent probes and facilitated the cyclical binding-cleavage-dissociation (BCD) process, which could deliver a highly sensitive amplification-based response. This TP-DMT approach was successfully validated by testing clinical COVID-19 patient samples, which indicated its potential applications in fast clinical infection screening and real-time environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Qiu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering,
ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093,
Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa,
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and
Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Zhibo Gai
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of
Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, People’s
Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology,
University Hospital Zurich, University of Zürich,
Zürich 8091, Switzerland
| | - Lanja Saleh
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry,
University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich
8091, Switzerland
| | - Jiukai Tang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering,
ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093,
Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa,
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and
Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Ting Gui
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of
Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Gerd A. Kullak-Ublick
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology,
University Hospital Zurich, University of Zürich,
Zürich 8091, Switzerland
- Mechanistic Safety, CMO & Patient Safety,
Global Drug Development, Novartis Pharma, Basel 4002,
Switzerland
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering,
ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093,
Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa,
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and
Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
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17
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Hou JY, Wang XN, Qiu G, Gao DL, Wang Y. Correlation between CT small airway parameters, T-lymphocyte subsets and MMP-9 level in patients with bronchial asthma. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2021; 34:2299-2304. [PMID: 33322890 DOI: 10.23812/20-520-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Y Hou
- Department of Radiology, Changle County People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - X N Wang
- Medical Laboratory Division, Changle County People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - G Qiu
- Division of respiratory medicine, Changle County People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - D L Gao
- Department of blood transfusion, Changle County People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of blood transfusion, Changle County People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong Province, China
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18
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Tang J, Qiu G, Cao X, Yue Y, Zhang X, Schmitt J, Wang J. Self-aligned 3D microlenses in a chip fabricated with two-photon stereolithography for highly sensitive absorbance measurement. Lab Chip 2020; 20:2334-2342. [PMID: 32458914 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00235f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Absorbance measurement is a widely used method to quantify the concentration of an analyte. The integration of absorbance analysis in microfluidic chips could significantly reduce the sample consumption and contribute to the system miniaturization. However, the sensitivity and limit of detection (LoD) of analysis in microfluidic chips with conventional configuration need improvements due to the limited optical pathway and unregulated light propagation. In this work, a 3D-microlens-incorporating microfluidic chip (3D-MIMC) with a greatly extended detection channel was innovatively fabricated using two-photon stereolithography. The fabrication was optimized with a proposed hierarchical modular printing strategy. Due to the incorporation of 3D microlenses, the light coupling efficiency and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) were respectively improved approximately 9 and 4 times. An equivalent optical path length (EOL) of 62.9 mm was achieved in a 3.7 μl detection channel for testing tartrazine samples. As a result, the sensitivity and LoD of the 3D-MIMC assay were correspondingly improved by one order of magnitude, compared with those of the 96-well plate assay. Notably, the 3D-MIMC has the potential to be integrated into a general microanalysis platform for multiple applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiukai Tang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland.
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19
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Thakur A, Qiu G, Xu C, Han X, Yang T, NG SP, Chan KWY, Wu CML, Lee Y. Label-free sensing of exosomal MCT1 and CD147 for tracking metabolic reprogramming and malignant progression in glioma. Sci Adv 2020; 6:eaaz6119. [PMID: 32637597 PMCID: PMC7319757 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz6119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Malignant glioma is a fatal brain tumor whose pathological progression is closely associated with glycolytic reprogramming, leading to the high expression of monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) and its ancillary protein, cluster of differentiation 147 (CD147) for enhancing lactate efflux. In particular, malignant glioma cells (GMs) release tremendous number of exosomes, nanovesicles of 30 to 200 nm in size, promoting tumor progression by the transport of pro-oncogenic molecules to neighboring cells. In the present study, we found that hypoxia-induced malignant GMs strongly enhanced MCT1 and CD147 expression, playing a crucial role in promoting calcium-dependent exosome release. Furthermore, it was first identified that hypoxic GMs-derived exosomes contained significantly high levels of MCT1 and CD147, which could be quantitatively detected by noninvasive localized surface plasmon resonance and atomic force microscopy biosensors, demonstrating that they could be precise surrogate biomarkers for tracking parent GMs' metabolic reprogramming and malignant progression as liquid biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Thakur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 83, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR
| | - G. Qiu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR
| | - C. Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR
| | - X. Han
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR
| | - T. Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 83, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR
| | - S. P. NG
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR
| | - K. W. Y. Chan
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR
- Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - C. M. L. Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Y. Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 83, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR
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20
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Qiu G, Gai Z, Tao Y, Schmitt J, Kullak-Ublick GA, Wang J. Dual-Functional Plasmonic Photothermal Biosensors for Highly Accurate Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Detection. ACS Nano 2020; 14:5268-5277. [PMID: 32281785 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c0243910.1021/acsnano.0c02439.s001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The ongoing outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread globally and poses a threat to public health in more than 200 countries. Reliable laboratory diagnosis of the disease has been one of the foremost priorities for promoting public health interventions. The routinely used reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is currently the reference method for COVID-19 diagnosis. However, it also reported a number of false-positive or -negative cases, especially in the early stages of the novel virus outbreak. In this work, a dual-functional plasmonic biosensor combining the plasmonic photothermal (PPT) effect and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensing transduction provides an alternative and promising solution for the clinical COVID-19 diagnosis. The two-dimensional gold nanoislands (AuNIs) functionalized with complementary DNA receptors can perform a sensitive detection of the selected sequences from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) through nucleic acid hybridization. For better sensing performance, the thermoplasmonic heat is generated on the same AuNIs chip when illuminated at their plasmonic resonance frequency. The localized PPT heat is capable to elevate the in situ hybridization temperature and facilitate the accurate discrimination of two similar gene sequences. Our dual-functional LSPR biosensor exhibits a high sensitivity toward the selected SARS-CoV-2 sequences with a lower detection limit down to the concentration of 0.22 pM and allows precise detection of the specific target in a multigene mixture. This study gains insight into the thermoplasmonic enhancement and its applicability in the nucleic acid tests and viral disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Qiu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Zhibo Gai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zürich, Zürich 8091, Switzerland
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Yile Tao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Jean Schmitt
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Gerd A Kullak-Ublick
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zürich, Zürich 8091, Switzerland
- Mechanistic Safety, CMO & Patient Safety, Global Drug Development, Novartis Pharma, Basel 4002, Switzerland
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
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21
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Qiu G, Gai Z, Tao Y, Schmitt J, Kullak-Ublick GA, Wang J. Dual-Functional Plasmonic Photothermal Biosensors for Highly Accurate Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Detection. ACS Nano 2020; 14:5268-5277. [PMID: 32281785 PMCID: PMC7158889 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c02439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 617] [Impact Index Per Article: 154.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The ongoing outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread globally and poses a threat to public health in more than 200 countries. Reliable laboratory diagnosis of the disease has been one of the foremost priorities for promoting public health interventions. The routinely used reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is currently the reference method for COVID-19 diagnosis. However, it also reported a number of false-positive or -negative cases, especially in the early stages of the novel virus outbreak. In this work, a dual-functional plasmonic biosensor combining the plasmonic photothermal (PPT) effect and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensing transduction provides an alternative and promising solution for the clinical COVID-19 diagnosis. The two-dimensional gold nanoislands (AuNIs) functionalized with complementary DNA receptors can perform a sensitive detection of the selected sequences from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) through nucleic acid hybridization. For better sensing performance, the thermoplasmonic heat is generated on the same AuNIs chip when illuminated at their plasmonic resonance frequency. The localized PPT heat is capable to elevate the in situ hybridization temperature and facilitate the accurate discrimination of two similar gene sequences. Our dual-functional LSPR biosensor exhibits a high sensitivity toward the selected SARS-CoV-2 sequences with a lower detection limit down to the concentration of 0.22 pM and allows precise detection of the specific target in a multigene mixture. This study gains insight into the thermoplasmonic enhancement and its applicability in the nucleic acid tests and viral disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Qiu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering,
ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093,
Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa,
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and
Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Zhibo Gai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology,
University Hospital Zurich, University of Zürich,
Zürich 8091, Switzerland
- Experimental Center, Shandong University
of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR
China
| | - Yile Tao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering,
ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093,
Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa,
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and
Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Jean Schmitt
- Institute of Environmental Engineering,
ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093,
Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa,
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and
Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Gerd A. Kullak-Ublick
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology,
University Hospital Zurich, University of Zürich,
Zürich 8091, Switzerland
- Mechanistic Safety, CMO & Patient Safety, Global
Drug Development, Novartis Pharma, Basel 4002,
Switzerland
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering,
ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093,
Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa,
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and
Technology, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
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22
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Qiu G, Yue Y, Tang J, Zhao YB, Wang J. Total Bioaerosol Detection by a Succinimidyl-Ester-Functionalized Plasmonic Biosensor To Reveal Different Characteristics at Three Locations in Switzerland. Environ Sci Technol 2020; 54:1353-1362. [PMID: 31909609 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b05184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Bioaerosols consisting of biologically originated airborne particles such as microbes, metabolites, toxins, and fragments of microorganisms are present ubiquitously in our living environment. The international interests in bioaerosols have rapidly increased because of their many potential health effects. Thus, accurate and fast detection of total bioaerosols in different environments has become an important task for safeguarding against biological threats and broadening the pool of bioaerosol knowledge. To quickly evaluate the total bioaerosol concentration, we developed a localized surface plasmon resonance biosensor based on succinimidyl-ester-functionalized gold nanoislands (SEF-AuNIs) for quantitative bioaerosol detection. The detection limit of our proposed SEF-AuNI sensors for model bacteria Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis can go to 0.5119 and 1.69 cells/mL, respectively. To demonstrate the capability of this bioaerosol sensing technique, we tested aerosol samples collected from Bern (urban station), Basel (suburban station), and Rigi mountain (rural and high altitude station) in Switzerland and further investigated the correlation with endotoxin and PM10. The results substantiated that our SEF-AuNI sensors could be a reliable candidate for total bioaerosol detection and air quality assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Qiu
- Institute of Environmental Engineering , ETH Zürich , Zürich 8093 , Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies , Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology , Dübendorf 8600 , Switzerland
| | - Yang Yue
- Institute of Environmental Engineering , ETH Zürich , Zürich 8093 , Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies , Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology , Dübendorf 8600 , Switzerland
| | - Jiukai Tang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering , ETH Zürich , Zürich 8093 , Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies , Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology , Dübendorf 8600 , Switzerland
| | - Yi-Bo Zhao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering , ETH Zürich , Zürich 8093 , Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies , Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology , Dübendorf 8600 , Switzerland
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering , ETH Zürich , Zürich 8093 , Switzerland
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies , Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology , Dübendorf 8600 , Switzerland
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23
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Wen Y, Qiu G, Liu Z, Liang H, He J, Liang W. P2.09-04 The Clinicopathological Characteristics and Prognosis of Lung Cancer with Tumor Spread Through Air Spaces: A Meta-Analysis. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.1653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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24
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Qiu G. P1.01-131 The Comparison Between Non-Intubated and Intubated Anesthesia Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery: A Meta-Analysis. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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25
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Qiu G, Wen Y. P2.01-32 The Impact of Segmentectomy Versus Lobectomy on Pulmonary Function of Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.1376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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26
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Qiu G, Wen Y, Liang H, Liu Z, He J, Liang W. P1.16-48 The Impact of Segmentectomy Versus Lobectomy on Pulmonary Function of Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.1017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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27
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Wen Y, Qiu G, Liang H, Liu Z, Liang W, He J. P3.16-46 The Comparison Between Non-Intubated and Intubated Thoracoscopic Resection for Pulmonary Nodule: A Meta-Analysis. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.1953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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28
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Qiu G, Ng SP, Wu CML. Label-free surface plasmon resonance biosensing with titanium nitride thin film. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 106:129-135. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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29
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Thakur A, Qiu G, NG SP, Wu CML, Lee Y. Detection of membrane antigens of extracellular vesicles by surface plasmon resonance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.21037/jlpm.2017.12.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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30
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Fu Y, Ng SP, Qiu G, Hung TF, Wu CML, Lee CS. A redox-controlled electrolyte for plasmonic enhanced dye-sensitized solar cells. Nanoscale 2017; 9:10940-10947. [PMID: 28731110 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr03506c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic enhanced dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) with metallic nanostructures suffer from corrosion problems, especially with the presence of the iodine/triiodide redox couple in the electrolyte. Herein, we introduce an alternative approach by compensating the corrosion with a modified liquid electrolyte. In contrast to the existing method of surface preservation for plasmonic nanostructures, the redox-controlled electrolyte (RCE) contains iodoaurate intermediates, i.e. gold(i) diiodide (AuI2-) and gold(iii) tetraiodide (AuI4-) with optimal concentrations, such that these intermediates are readily reduced to gold nanoparticles during the operation of DSSCs. As corrosion and redeposition of gold occur simultaneously, it effectively provides corrosion compensation to the plasmonic gold nanostructures embedded in the photoanode. Cycling tests of the specific amount of gold contents in the RCE of DSSCs support the fact that the dissolution and deposition of gold are reversible and repeatable. This gold deposition on the TiO2 photoanode results in forming a Schottky barrier (SB) at the metal-semiconductor interface and effectively inhibits the recombination of electron-hole pairs. Therefore, the RCE increases the short-circuit current, amplifies the open-circuit voltage, and reduces the impedance of the TiO2/dye interface. The power conversion efficiency of DSSCs was improved by 57% after incorporating the RCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiao Fu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China.
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31
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Yu RL, Liu A, Liu Y, Yu Z, Peng T, Wu X, Shen L, Liu Y, Li J, Liu X, Qiu G, Chen M, Zeng W. Evolution ofSulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidanssecreting alginate during bioleaching of chalcopyrite concentrate. J Appl Microbiol 2017; 122:1586-1594. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.13467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R.-L. Yu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering; Central South University; Changsha China
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy; Ministry of Education; Changsha China
| | - A. Liu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering; Central South University; Changsha China
| | - Y. Liu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering; Central South University; Changsha China
| | - Z. Yu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering; Central South University; Changsha China
| | - T. Peng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering; Central South University; Changsha China
| | - X. Wu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering; Central South University; Changsha China
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy; Ministry of Education; Changsha China
| | - L. Shen
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering; Central South University; Changsha China
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy; Ministry of Education; Changsha China
| | - Y. Liu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering; Central South University; Changsha China
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy; Ministry of Education; Changsha China
| | - J. Li
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering; Central South University; Changsha China
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy; Ministry of Education; Changsha China
| | - X. Liu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering; Central South University; Changsha China
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy; Ministry of Education; Changsha China
| | - G. Qiu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering; Central South University; Changsha China
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy; Ministry of Education; Changsha China
| | - M. Chen
- CSIRO Process Science and Engineering; Clayton Vic. Australia
| | - W. Zeng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering; Central South University; Changsha China
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy; Ministry of Education; Changsha China
- CSIRO Process Science and Engineering; Clayton Vic. Australia
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32
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Thakur A, Qiu G, Ng SP, Guan J, Yue J, Lee Y, Wu CML. Direct detection of two different tumor-derived extracellular vesicles by SAM-AuNIs LSPR biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 94:400-407. [PMID: 28324860 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are abundant in various biological fluids including blood, saliva, urine, as well as extracellular milieu. Accumulating evidence has indicated that EVs, which contain functional proteins and small RNAs, facilitate intercellular communication between neighbouring cells, and are critical to maintain various physiological processes. In contrast, EV-derived toxic signals can spread out over the tissues adjacent to the injured area in certain diseases, including brain tumors and neurodegenerative disorders. This demands better characterization of EVs which can be employed for liquid biopsy clinically as well as for the study of intercellular signalling. Exosomes and microvesicles share a number of similar characteristics, but it is important to distinguish between these two types of EVs. Here, we report for the first time that our in-house developed Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance biosensor with self-assembly gold nanoislands (SAM-AuNIs) can be used to detect and distinguish exosomes from MVs isolated from A-549 cells, SH-SY5Y cells, blood serum, and urine from a lung cancer mouse model. Exosomes, compared with MVs, produced a distinguishable response to the bare LSPR biosensor without functionalization, suggesting a different biophysical interaction between exosomes and MVs with SAM AuNIs. This sensor attains the limit of detection to 0.194µg/ml, and the linear dynamic range covers 0.194-100µg/ml. This discovery not only reveals great insight into the distinctive membrane property of tumor-derived exosomes and MVs, but also facilitate the development of novel LSPR biosensors for direct detection and isolation of heterogeneous EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhimanyu Thakur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Guangyu Qiu
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Siu-Pang Ng
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Jintao Guan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Jianbo Yue
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Youngjin Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong.
| | - Chi-Man Lawrence Wu
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong.
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Qiu G, Ng SP, Liang X, Ding N, Chen X, Wu CML. Label-Free LSPR Detection of Trace Lead(II) Ions in Drinking Water by Synthetic Poly(mPD-co-ASA) Nanoparticles on Gold Nanoislands. Anal Chem 2017; 89:1985-1993. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Qiu
- Department
of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
SAR, P.R. China
| | - Siu Pang Ng
- Department
of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
SAR, P.R. China
| | - Xiongyi Liang
- Department
of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
SAR, P.R. China
| | - Ning Ding
- Shandong
Analysis and Test Center, Shandong Academy of Science, Jinan 250014, P.R. China
| | - Xiangfeng Chen
- Shandong
Analysis and Test Center, Shandong Academy of Science, Jinan 250014, P.R. China
| | - Chi-Man Lawrence Wu
- Department
of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
SAR, P.R. China
- Shandong
Analysis and Test Center, Shandong Academy of Science, Jinan 250014, P.R. China
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34
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Jia S, Wang Z, Ding N, Elaine Wong YL, Chen X, Qiu G, Dominic Chan TW. Hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets as adsorbents for solid-phase extraction of polychlorinated biphenyls from water samples. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 936:123-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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35
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Ng SP, Qiu G, Ding N, Lu X, Wu CML. Label-free detection of 3-nitro-l-tyrosine with nickel-doped graphene localized surface plasmon resonance biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 89:468-476. [PMID: 27085521 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
3-nitro-l-tyrosine (3-NT) is believed to be a biomarker of neurodegenerative diseases and metal doped graphene possess exceptionally high binding energy of 3-NT with metal-nitro chemisorption. Here we report a novel label-free detection scheme of 3-NT via nickel-doped graphene (NDG) as the functionalized receptor on our phase detecting localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) biosensor. When compared with reported 3-NT immunoassay with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), our NDG-LSPR platform offers two advantages i.e. 1) label-free and 2) capture of 3-NT by direct chemisorption. Our limit of detection for 3-NT in PBS was found to be 0.13pg/ml and the linear dynamic range of response was from 0.5pg/ml to 1ng/ml, i.e. four orders of magnitude. The specificity of our NDG receptor to 3-NT was also verified with l-tyrosine of equivalent concentrations in PBS and diluted human serum, for which the NDG receptor shows negligible responses. In addition, the adsorption of 3-NT and l-tyrosine to the NDG receptor were also investigated by atomic force microscopy and further verified by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Therefore, our NDG-LSPR biosensor competes favorably against ELISA and we believe it should be an attractive and economical solution to early diagnostic of 3-NT related disorders for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siu Pang Ng
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Guangyu Qiu
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Ning Ding
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China; Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250014, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Lu
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, PR China
| | - Chi-Man Lawrence Wu
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China; Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250014, PR China.
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36
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Zhu T, Wang J, Pei Y, Wang Q, Wu Y, Qiu G, Zhang D, Lv M, Li W, Zhang J. Neddylation controls basal MKK7 kinase activity in breast cancer cells. Oncogene 2015; 35:2624-33. [PMID: 26364603 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The c-Jun NH2-terminal protein kinase (JNK) pathway has been implicated in mammary tumor development. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating JNK activity in breast cancer cells remain unclear. Here, we report that the inhibition of ubiquitination-like post-translational modification neddylation through different strategies results in enhanced basal JNK phosphorylation in human breast cancer cells. The upregulation of basal JNK phosphorylation upon neddylation inhibition is independent of the deneddylation of Cullins, the well-characterized neddylation substrates. Since augmented basal JNK phosphorylation via ectopic MKK7 expression impedes proliferation and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype, the neddylation system might contribute to mammary tumor development partially through limiting basal JNK phosphorylation. Further exploration reveals that MKK7, a JNK-specific MAP2K, undergoes neddylation in human breast cancer cells. MKK7 co-precipitates with a fragment of Ran-binding protein 2 (RanBP2), a large multimodular and pleiotropic protein that has been recognized as a SUMO E3 ligase. Knockdown of RanBP2 attenuates MKK7 neddylation and augments basal JNK phosphorylation without affecting the neddylation of Cullins, whereas ectopic expression of a RanBP2 fragment possessing SUMO E3 activity (RanBP2ΔFG) manifests the opposite effects. In vitro neddylation assays confirm that RanBP2ΔFG works as the neddylation E3 ligase for MKK7. The basal kinase activity of endogenous MKK7 increases upon RanBP2 knockdown but decreases upon the ectopic expression of RanBP2ΔFG. Furthermore, purified MKK7 shows reduced basal kinase activity after in vitro neddylation by RanBP2ΔFG. Consistently, RanBP2 knockdown leads to reduced proliferation and impaired EMT phenotype in human breast cancer cells and the effects of RanBP2 knockdown are reversed by simultaneous MKK7 knockdown. Taken together, our data suggest that MKK7 undergoes neddylation in human breast cancer cells, which limits its basal kinase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Zhu
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Y Pei
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Q Wang
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Y Wu
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - G Qiu
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - D Zhang
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - M Lv
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - W Li
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, PR China
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Qiu G, Ng SP, Wu CML. Differential phase-detecting localized surface plasmon resonance sensor with self-assembly gold nano-islands. Opt Lett 2015; 40:1924-7. [PMID: 25927749 DOI: 10.1364/ol.40.001924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly (SAM) gold nano-islands are fabricated by two-step thin-film deposition-annealing method. Despite random distribution of the SAM, the p-polarized light after total internal reflection shows significant phase transition at the extinction wavelengths upon refractive index variation due to localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect. It resembles the sharp phase transition observed in conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, so that the bulk sensitivity of the SAM-LSPR sensor is improved via the phase interrogation method. In this Letter, we present both computational and experimental investigations to the SAM-LSPR sensor and the results show excellent agreement with each other. With bulk refractive index resolution to 9.75×10(-8) RIU, we believe the phase-detecting SAM-LSPR sensor would be an essential step toward low-cost label-free sensing applications.
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Wu N, Ming X, Xiao J, Wu Z, Chen X, Shinawi M, Shen Y, Yu G, Liu J, Xie H, Gucev ZS, Liu S, Yang N, Al-Kateb H, Chen J, Zhang J, Hauser N, Zhang T, Tasic V, Liu P, Su X, Pan X, Liu C, Wang L, Shen J, Shen J, Chen Y, Zhang T, Zhang J, Choy KW, Wang J, Wang Q, Li S, Zhou W, Guo J, Wang Y, Zhang C, Zhao H, An Y, Zhao Y, Wang J, Liu Z, Zuo Y, Tian Y, Weng X, Sutton VR, Wang H, Ming Y, Kulkarni S, Zhong TP, Giampietro PF, Dunwoodie SL, Cheung SW, Zhang X, Jin L, Lupski JR, Qiu G, Zhang F. TBX6 null variants and a common hypomorphic allele in congenital scoliosis. N Engl J Med 2015; 372:341-50. [PMID: 25564734 PMCID: PMC4326244 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1406829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital scoliosis is a common type of vertebral malformation. Genetic susceptibility has been implicated in congenital scoliosis. METHODS We evaluated 161 Han Chinese persons with sporadic congenital scoliosis, 166 Han Chinese controls, and 2 pedigrees, family members of which had a 16p11.2 deletion, using comparative genomic hybridization, quantitative polymerase-chain-reaction analysis, and DNA sequencing. We carried out tests of replication using an additional series of 76 Han Chinese persons with congenital scoliosis and a multicenter series of 42 persons with 16p11.2 deletions. RESULTS We identified a total of 17 heterozygous TBX6 null mutations in the 161 persons with sporadic congenital scoliosis (11%); we did not observe any null mutations in TBX6 in 166 controls (P<3.8×10(-6)). These null alleles include copy-number variants (12 instances of a 16p11.2 deletion affecting TBX6) and single-nucleotide variants (1 nonsense and 4 frame-shift mutations). However, the discordant intrafamilial phenotypes of 16p11.2 deletion carriers suggest that heterozygous TBX6 null mutation is insufficient to cause congenital scoliosis. We went on to identify a common TBX6 haplotype as the second risk allele in all 17 carriers of TBX6 null mutations (P<1.1×10(-6)). Replication studies involving additional persons with congenital scoliosis who carried a deletion affecting TBX6 confirmed this compound inheritance model. In vitro functional assays suggested that the risk haplotype is a hypomorphic allele. Hemivertebrae are characteristic of TBX6-associated congenital scoliosis. CONCLUSIONS Compound inheritance of a rare null mutation and a hypomorphic allele of TBX6 accounted for up to 11% of congenital scoliosis cases in the series that we analyzed. (Funded by the National Basic Research Program of China and others.).
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Affiliation(s)
- N Wu
- The authors' affiliations are listed in the Appendix
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He Q, Qiu G, Xu X, Qiu J, Yu X. Photostimulated luminescence properties of Eu2+ -doped barium aluminate phosphor. LUMINESCENCE 2014; 30:235-9. [PMID: 24954192 DOI: 10.1002/bio.2720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Revised: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
An intense green photostimulated luminescence in BaAl2 O4 :Eu(2+) phosphor was prepared. The thermoluminescence results indicate that there are at least three types of traps (T1 , T2 , T3 ) with different trap depths in BaAl2 O4 :Eu(2+) phosphor according to the bands located at 327, 361 and 555 K, respectively, which are closely associated with the phosphor's long persistent luminescence and photostimulated luminescence properties. In addition, as a novel optical read-out form, a photostimulated persistent luminescence signal can be repeatedly obtained in BaAl2 O4 :Eu(2+) phosphor. This shows that re-trapping of the electron released from a deep trap plays an important role in photostimulated persistent luminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanlong He
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, People's Republic of China
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Xing T, Zhong L, Qiu G, Huang L, Peng Z. Evolution of CD4+CD25hi T cell subsets in Aspergillus-infected liver transplantation recipients reduces the incidence of transplantation rejection via upregulating the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Genet Mol Res 2014; 13:4932-9. [DOI: 10.4238/2014.july.4.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Zhang Y, Gu Z, Qiu G. Association of the polymorphism of MMP2 with the risk and severity of lumbar disc degeneration in the Chinese Han population. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2013; 17:1830-1834. [PMID: 23852912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to determine whether the -735 C/T polymorphism of the Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) gene is associated with the risk and severity of lumbar disc degeneration (LDD) in the Chinese Han population. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 1008 patients with LDD and 906 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. The grade of disc degeneration was determined according to Schneiderman's classification for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The -735 C/T polymorphism of MMP2 was genotyped using polymerase chain reaction and the restriction fragment length polymorphism method. RESULTS The genotype frequency of the -735 C/T polymorphism was in agreement with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p = 0.087). The frequencies of the -735CT and TT genotypes were significantly lower among LDD patients compared with normal controls (p < 0.001); CT and TT genotype were significantly associated with a decreased risk of LDD compared with the CC genotype (for TT genotype, p = 0.031; OR 0.413; 95% CI 0.184-0.924; for CT genotype, p < 0.001, OR 0.645, 95% CI 0.506-0.822). Patients with LDD showed significantly higher frequencies of the C allele than normal controls (p < 0.001), T allele was significantly associated with a decreased risk of LDD compared with the C allele (p < 0.001; OR 0.631; 95% CI 0.508-0.783). In addition, the -735TT and CT genotypes, as well as the T allele were associated with lower degenerative grades of LDD compared with CC genotype and the C allele, respectively (both p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The -735 C/T polymorphism of MMP2 may be associated with the risk and severity of LDD in the Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Qiu G, Haftek E, Cates JC, Alexander C, Barnard JA. Magnetic Properties and Crystal Structure of High Moment FeTaN Thin Films. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-313-339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTHigh Moment single layer FeTaN films with excellent soft magnetic properties have been grown by high rate reactive dc magnetron sputtering. The best combination of properties (easy and hard axis coercivities < 1 Oe, saturation Magnetization > 1650 emu/cc, anisotropy field of 5 Oe, and initial permeability of 4800) are found in films containing ∼3.2 a/O Ta and ∼7.5 a/o N after 400°C annealing in a 200 Oe dc field for two hours. These properties are associated with a single phase, random, nanocrystalline structure consisting of a-Fe crystallites (grain size of ∼ 100Å) whose lattice is expanded by both Ta and N.
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Qiu G, Tao Y, Du X, Sun A, Yu J, Ruan R, Zheng Y, Ji Y, Zhang N. The impact of prior radiotherapy on fatal complications after self-expandable metallic stents (SEMS) for malignant dysphagia due to esophageal carcinoma. Dis Esophagus 2012; 26:175-81. [PMID: 22486888 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2012.01348.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The esophageal stent has been demonstrated to serve as a safe and effective palliative treatment for advanced inoperable esophageal carcinoma. However, the safety of esophageal stents in patients with prior radiotherapy (RT) remains debated. This article aims to investigate the impact of prior RT on the incidence of fatal complications after self-expandable metallic stents for palliation of malignant dysphagia because of esophageal carcinoma. Between January 2007 and July 2010, 93 patients with malignant dysphagia because of esophageal carcinoma underwent placement of self-expandable metallic stents in our hospital. Patients were retrospectively separated into two groups: patients with RT before stent placement (RT group, n=57) and patients with no treatment before stent placement (no RT group, n=35).The median survival after stent placement was 77 days (7-842 days) in the RT group and 246 days (15-878 days) in the no RT group. Improvement in dysphagia score was similar in both groups. The fatal complications included fatal gastrointestinal hemorrhage and uncontrolled pneumonia. The incidence of fatal gastrointestinal hemorrhage and uncontrolled pneumonia were 28.1% and 5.7% (P=0.009), 28.1% and 5.7% (P=0.009), respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed a significant interaction between prior RT and fatal gastrointestinal hemorrhage (relative risk 7.82, 95% confidence interval 1.54-39.61; P=0.013). Mortality of massive hemorrhage was 5.7% (2/35), 0% (0/4), 12.5% (3/24), and 44.8% (13/29), respectively, in patients who received 0, 1Gy∼49Gy, 50Gy∼60Gy, and >60Gy (χ(2) =17.761; P=0.000). Logistic regression analysis disclosed prior RT did not significantly increase the risk of uncontrolled pneumonia (relative risk 1.47, 95% confidence interval 0.21-10.12; P=0.697).
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Affiliation(s)
- G Qiu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Ji Y, Du X, Qiu G, Mao C, Sun X, Zheng Y, Xu Y, Cheng J. A Phase I Trial of S-1 with Concurrent Radiotherapy in Elderly Patients with Esophageal Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.06.1673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ma S, Xu Y, Ji Y, Sun X, Cheng J, Du X, Zheng Y, Qiu G. Concomitant pemetrexed/carboplatin chemotherapy and 3D conformal radiotherapy followed by pemetrexed/carboplatin consolidation chemotherapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: Preliminary results of a phase II study. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.7092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Yang P, Qiu G, Wang S, Su Z, Chen J, Wang S, Kong F, Lu L, Ezaki T, Xu H. The mutations of Th1 cell-specificT-boxtranscription factor may be associated with a predominant Th2 phenotype in gastric cancers. Int J Immunogenet 2010; 37:111-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2010.00899.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Huang HT, Qiu G, Zhang BT, He JL, Yang JF, Xu JL. Comparative study on the intracavity frequency-doubling 532 nm laser based on gray-tracking-resistant KTP and conventional KTP. Appl Opt 2009; 48:6371-6375. [PMID: 19904338 DOI: 10.1364/ao.48.006371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A comparative study of a frequency-doubling 532 nm laser based on gray-tracking-resistant KTP (GTR-KTP) and conventional KTP is presented. The intracavity GTR-KTP was proved to have better temperature characteristics than that of conventional KTP. Within the normalized output power variation range of 0.8-1.0, GTR-KTP has a temperature tolerance of 35 degrees C, broader than the 21 degrees C obtained with conventional KTP. Under the laser diode (LD) pump power of 180 W, the maximum average output power at 532 nm was 40.6 W for GTR-KTP at a repetition frequency of 10 kHz. In the case of conventional KTP, the maximum available LD pump power was limited to 150 W, with the corresponding maximum green average output power of 27.2 W.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-T Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Institute of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250100, China
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Abstract
The c-maf gene expression profile was investigated in normal and osteoarthritic articular cartilage using in situ hybridization, qualitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Osteoarthritic samples were obtained from 10 patients undergoing total knee replacement for severe osteoarthritis of the knee joints, and control samples from 10 trauma patients undergoing amputation. Expression of c-maf was significantly up-regulated in osteoarthritic cartilage compared with normal cartilage. Using in situ hybridization, distribution of a specific c-maf mRNA signal was found in the top zone and a decreased signal was found in the lower middle zone and the deep zone in osteoarthritic cartilage. A prominent c-maf mRNA signal was seen particularly in proliferating 'chondrocyte clusters'. In contrast, in normal cartilage almost no c-maf-positive cells were found. These findings suggest that c-maf may be important in chondrocyte hypertrophy and terminal differentiation, and may be involved in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Zhou H, Zhang R, Hu P, Zeng W, Xie Y, Wu C, Qiu G. Isolation and characterization ofFerroplasma thermophilumsp. nov., a novel extremely acidophilic, moderately thermophilic archaeon and its role in bioleaching of chalcopyrite. J Appl Microbiol 2008; 105:591-601. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.03807.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
AIMS To understand the composition and structure of microbial communities in different acid mineral bioleaching systems, and to present a more complete picture of microbially mediated acid mine drainage production. METHODS AND RESULTS In Tong Shankou Copper Mine, China, two samples (named K1 and K2) from two different sites with bioleaching were studied. A bacterial 16S rDNA library and an archaeal 16S rDNA library of the sample from each site were constructed by 16S rDNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and sequencing. A total of 18 bacterial representative sequences and 12 archaeal representative sequences were obtained. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that 77.09% of the total bacterial clones were affiliated with Proteobacteria, and 21.22% of the total bacterial clones were closely related to Nitrospira. The rest of the bacterial clones were related to Firmicutes (1.68%). Sequences affiliated with the archaea of the Thermoplasma and Ferroplasma lineages were detected abundantly in the two samples. Unexpectedly, sequences affiliated with Sulfolobales and Methanothermus genera were also detected. CONCLUSIONS The molecular studies appear to be consistent with the environmental conditions existing at the sites, which coincides with previous studies. High concentrations of some elements (such as copper, iron and sulfur) seemed to be the key factors resulting in the diverse distribution of typical iron-oxidizing bacteria such as Leptospirillum species and Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Research on micro-organisms present in bioleaching systems especially archaea is not abundant. The acidophiles in the two bioleaching sites obtained from Tong Shankou Copper Mine, China, have not been reported until now. These results may expand our knowledge of the microbial diversity in the acid mineral bioleaching systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Xie
- School of Resources Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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