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Ayoubi LE, Dumay-Odelot H, Chernev A, Boissier F, Minvielle-Sébastia L, Urlaub H, Fribourg S, Teichmann M. The hRPC62 subunit of human RNA polymerase III displays helicase activity. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:10313-10326. [PMID: 31529052 PMCID: PMC6821166 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In Eukaryotes, tRNAs, 5S RNA and U6 RNA are transcribed by RNA polymerase (Pol) III. Human Pol III is composed of 17 subunits. Three specific Pol III subunits form a stable ternary subcomplex (RPC62-RPC39-RPC32α/β) being involved in pre-initiation complex formation. No paralogues for subunits of this subcomplex subunits have been found in Pols I or II, but hRPC62 was shown to be structurally related to the general Pol II transcription factor hTFIIEα. Here we show that these structural homologies extend to functional similarities. hRPC62 as well as hTFIIEα possess intrinsic ATP-dependent 3′-5′ DNA unwinding activity. The ATPase activities of both proteins are stimulated by single-stranded DNA. Moreover, the eWH domain of hTFIIEα can replace the first eWH (eWH1) domain of hRPC62 in ATPase and DNA unwinding assays. Our results identify intrinsic enzymatic activities in hRPC62 and hTFIIEα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyla El Ayoubi
- ARNA Laboratory, Inserm U1212, CNRS UMR 5320, Université de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Hélène Dumay-Odelot
- ARNA Laboratory, Inserm U1212, CNRS UMR 5320, Université de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- Correspondence may also be addressed to Hélène Dumay-Odelot.
| | - Aleksandar Chernev
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Research group Mass Spectrometry, Am Faßberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Fanny Boissier
- ARNA Laboratory, Inserm U1212, CNRS UMR 5320, Université de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Henning Urlaub
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Research group Mass Spectrometry, Am Faßberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Bioanalytics, Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Strasse 420, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sébastien Fribourg
- ARNA Laboratory, Inserm U1212, CNRS UMR 5320, Université de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Martin Teichmann
- ARNA Laboratory, Inserm U1212, CNRS UMR 5320, Université de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +33 5 5757 4647;
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Petrie JL, Swan C, Ingram RM, Frame FM, Collins AT, Dumay-Odelot H, Teichmann M, Maitland NJ, White RJ. Effects on prostate cancer cells of targeting RNA polymerase III. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:3937-3956. [PMID: 30820548 PMCID: PMC6486637 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA polymerase (pol) III occurs in two forms, containing either the POLR3G subunit or the related paralogue POLR3GL. Whereas POLR3GL is ubiquitous, POLR3G is enriched in undifferentiated cells. Depletion of POLR3G selectively triggers proliferative arrest and differentiation of prostate cancer cells, responses not elicited when POLR3GL is depleted. A small molecule pol III inhibitor can cause POLR3G depletion, induce similar differentiation and suppress proliferation and viability of cancer cells. This response involves control of the fate-determining factor NANOG by small RNAs derived from Alu short interspersed nuclear elements. Tumour initiating activity in vivo can be reduced by transient exposure to the pol III inhibitor. Untransformed prostate cells appear less sensitive than cancer cells to pol III depletion or inhibition, raising the possibility of a therapeutic window.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Petrie
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Caroline Swan
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Richard M Ingram
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Fiona M Frame
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Anne T Collins
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Hélène Dumay-Odelot
- Université de Bordeaux, ARNA Laboratory, F-33076 Bordeaux, France INSERM, U1212 - CNRS UMR 5320, ARNA Laboratory, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Martin Teichmann
- Université de Bordeaux, ARNA Laboratory, F-33076 Bordeaux, France INSERM, U1212 - CNRS UMR 5320, ARNA Laboratory, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Norman J Maitland
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Robert J White
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
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Durrieu-Gaillard S, Dumay-Odelot H, Boldina G, Tourasse NJ, Allard D, André F, Macari F, Choquet A, Lagarde P, Drutel G, Leste-Lasserre T, Petitet M, Lesluyes T, Lartigue-Faustin L, Dupuy JW, Chibon F, Roeder RG, Joubert D, Vagner S, Teichmann M. Regulation of RNA polymerase III transcription during transformation of human IMR90 fibroblasts with defined genetic elements. Cell Cycle 2018; 17:605-615. [PMID: 29171785 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2017.1405881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA polymerase (Pol) III transcribes small untranslated RNAs that are essential for cellular homeostasis and growth. Its activity is regulated by inactivation of tumor suppressor proteins and overexpression of the oncogene c-MYC, but the concerted action of these tumor-promoting factors on Pol III transcription has not yet been assessed. In order to comprehensively analyse the regulation of Pol III transcription during tumorigenesis we employ a model system that relies on the expression of five genetic elements to achieve cellular transformation. Expression of these elements in six distinct transformation intermediate cell lines leads to the inactivation of TP53, RB1, and protein phosphatase 2A, as well as the activation of RAS and the protection of telomeres by TERT, thereby conducting to full tumoral transformation of IMR90 fibroblasts. Transformation is accompanied by moderately enhanced levels of a subset of Pol III-transcribed RNAs (7SK; MRP; H1). In addition, mRNA and/or protein levels of several Pol III subunits and transcription factors are upregulated, including increased protein levels of TFIIIB and TFIIIC subunits, of SNAPC1 and of Pol III subunits. Strikingly, the expression of POLR3G and of SNAPC1 is strongly enhanced during transformation in this cellular transformation model. Collectively, our data indicate that increased expression of several components of the Pol III transcription system accompanied by a 2-fold increase in steady state levels of a subset of Pol III RNAs is sufficient for sustaining tumor formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Durrieu-Gaillard
- a Université de Bordeaux , ARNA Laboratory , F-33076 Bordeaux , France.,b INSERM, U1212 - CNRS UMR 5320 , ARNA Laboratory , F-33000 Bordeaux , France
| | - Hélène Dumay-Odelot
- a Université de Bordeaux , ARNA Laboratory , F-33076 Bordeaux , France.,b INSERM, U1212 - CNRS UMR 5320 , ARNA Laboratory , F-33000 Bordeaux , France
| | - Galina Boldina
- a Université de Bordeaux , ARNA Laboratory , F-33076 Bordeaux , France.,b INSERM, U1212 - CNRS UMR 5320 , ARNA Laboratory , F-33000 Bordeaux , France.,c Institut Gustave Roussy , INSERM U981 , F-94805 Villejuif , France
| | - Nicolas J Tourasse
- a Université de Bordeaux , ARNA Laboratory , F-33076 Bordeaux , France.,b INSERM, U1212 - CNRS UMR 5320 , ARNA Laboratory , F-33000 Bordeaux , France
| | - Delphine Allard
- c Institut Gustave Roussy , INSERM U981 , F-94805 Villejuif , France
| | - Fabrice André
- c Institut Gustave Roussy , INSERM U981 , F-94805 Villejuif , France
| | - Françoise Macari
- d Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle , UMR 5203 CNRS , F-34000 Montpellier , France
| | - Armelle Choquet
- d Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle , UMR 5203 CNRS , F-34000 Montpellier , France
| | - Pauline Lagarde
- e Department of Biopathology , Institut Bergonié , Molecular Pathology Unit , F-33000 Bordeaux , France.,f Génétique et Biologie des Sarcomes- INSERM U916 , F- 33000 Bordeaux , France.,g Université de Bordeaux , F-33076 Bordeaux , France
| | - Guillaume Drutel
- h NeuroCentre François Magendie , INSERM U862 , F-33077 Bordeaux , France
| | | | - Marion Petitet
- a Université de Bordeaux , ARNA Laboratory , F-33076 Bordeaux , France
| | - Tom Lesluyes
- e Department of Biopathology , Institut Bergonié , Molecular Pathology Unit , F-33000 Bordeaux , France.,f Génétique et Biologie des Sarcomes- INSERM U916 , F- 33000 Bordeaux , France
| | - Lydia Lartigue-Faustin
- e Department of Biopathology , Institut Bergonié , Molecular Pathology Unit , F-33000 Bordeaux , France.,f Génétique et Biologie des Sarcomes- INSERM U916 , F- 33000 Bordeaux , France
| | - Jean-William Dupuy
- i Université de Bordeaux , Plateforme Protéome - Centre Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux , 33076 Bordeaux , France
| | - Frédéric Chibon
- e Department of Biopathology , Institut Bergonié , Molecular Pathology Unit , F-33000 Bordeaux , France.,f Génétique et Biologie des Sarcomes- INSERM U916 , F- 33000 Bordeaux , France
| | - Robert G Roeder
- j The Rockefeller University , 1230 York Avenue, New York , NY 10065 , USA
| | - Dominique Joubert
- d Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle , UMR 5203 CNRS , F-34000 Montpellier , France
| | - Stéphan Vagner
- c Institut Gustave Roussy , INSERM U981 , F-94805 Villejuif , France.,k Institut Curie , CNRS UMR 3348, F-91405 Orsay , France
| | - Martin Teichmann
- a Université de Bordeaux , ARNA Laboratory , F-33076 Bordeaux , France.,b INSERM, U1212 - CNRS UMR 5320 , ARNA Laboratory , F-33000 Bordeaux , France
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Dumay-Odelot H, Durrieu-Gaillard S, El Ayoubi L, Parrot C, Teichmann M. Contributions of in vitro transcription to the understanding of human RNA polymerase III transcription. Transcription 2015; 5:e27526. [PMID: 25764111 DOI: 10.4161/trns.27526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human RNA polymerase III transcribes small untranslated RNAs that contribute to the regulation of essential cellular processes, including transcription, RNA processing and translation. Analysis of this transcription system by in vitro transcription techniques has largely contributed to the discovery of its transcription factors and to the understanding of the regulation of human RNA polymerase III transcription. Here we review some of the key steps that led to the identification of transcription factors and to the definition of minimal promoter sequences for human RNA polymerase III transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Dumay-Odelot
- a INSERM U869; University of Bordeaux; Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie (IECB); 33607 Pessac, France
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5
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Boissier F, Dumay-Odelot H, Teichmann M, Fribourg S. Structural analysis of human RPC32β-RPC62 complex. J Struct Biol 2015; 192:313-319. [PMID: 26394183 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Transcription initiation by eukaryotic RNA polymerase (Pol) III relies on the subcomplex RPC62/RPC39/RPC32. Two distinct isoforms of RPC32 are encoded in the human genome. RPC32α expression is highly regulated and found only in stem cells and transformed cells, whereas RPC32β is ubiquitously expressed in tissues. Here we identify a core-interacting domain of RPC32 sufficient for the interaction with RPC62. We present the crystal structure of a complex of RPC62 and the RPC32β core domain. RPC32β associates with the extended winged helix 1 and 2 and the coiled coil domain of RPC62 qualifying RPC32 as a molecular bridge in between RPC62 domains. The RPC62-RPC32 complex fit into EM data suggests a bi-functional role for RPC32 through interactions with the largest Pol III subunit and through solvent exposed residues. RPC32 positioning into Pol III suggests that subunit-specific contacts at the surface of the Pol III holoenzyme are critical for its function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Boissier
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, ARNA Laboratory, F-33607 Pessac, France; Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM - U869, ARNA Laboratory, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Hélène Dumay-Odelot
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, ARNA Laboratory, F-33607 Pessac, France; INSERM, U869, ARNA Laboratory, Equipe Labellisée Contre le Cancer, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Martin Teichmann
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, ARNA Laboratory, F-33607 Pessac, France; INSERM, U869, ARNA Laboratory, Equipe Labellisée Contre le Cancer, F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Sébastien Fribourg
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, ARNA Laboratory, F-33607 Pessac, France; Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM - U869, ARNA Laboratory, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
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6
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Walz S, Lorenzin F, Morton J, Wiese KE, von Eyss B, Herold S, Rycak L, Dumay-Odelot H, Karim S, Bartkuhn M, Roels F, Wüstefeld T, Fischer M, Teichmann M, Zender L, Wei CL, Sansom O, Wolf E, Eilers M. Activation and repression by oncogenic MYC shape tumour-specific gene expression profiles. Nature 2014; 511:483-7. [PMID: 25043018 PMCID: PMC6879323 DOI: 10.1038/nature13473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 349] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In mammalian cells, the MYC oncoprotein binds to thousands of promoters. During mitogenic stimulation of primary lymphocytes, MYC promotes an increase in the expression of virtually all genes. In contrast, MYC-driven tumour cells differ from normal cells in the expression of specific sets of up- and downregulated genes that have considerable prognostic value. To understand this discrepancy, we studied the consequences of inducible expression and depletion of MYC in human cells and murine tumour models. Changes in MYC levels activate and repress specific sets of direct target genes that are characteristic of MYC-transformed tumour cells. Three factors account for this specificity. First, the magnitude of response parallels the change in occupancy by MYC at each promoter. Functionally distinct classes of target genes differ in the E-box sequence bound by MYC, suggesting that different cellular responses to physiological and oncogenic MYC levels are controlled by promoter affinity. Second, MYC both positively and negatively affects transcription initiation independent of its effect on transcriptional elongation. Third, complex formation with MIZ1 (also known as ZBTB17) mediates repression of multiple target genes by MYC and the ratio of MYC and MIZ1 bound to each promoter correlates with the direction of response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Walz
- 1] Theodor Boveri Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany [2]
| | - Francesca Lorenzin
- 1] Theodor Boveri Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany [2]
| | - Jennifer Morton
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Katrin E Wiese
- Theodor Boveri Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Björn von Eyss
- Theodor Boveri Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Steffi Herold
- Theodor Boveri Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Rycak
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Emil-Mannkopff-Str.2, 35033 Marburg, Germany
| | - Hélène Dumay-Odelot
- University of Bordeaux, IECB, ARNA laboratory, Equipe Labellisée Contre le Cancer, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Saadia Karim
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Marek Bartkuhn
- Institute for Genetics, Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, 35390 Giessen, Germany
| | - Frederik Roels
- University Children's Hospital of Cologne, and Cologne Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50924 Cologne, Germany
| | - Torsten Wüstefeld
- University Hospital Tübingen, Division of Translational Gastrointestinal Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Otfried-Mueller-Strasse 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Fischer
- University Children's Hospital of Cologne, and Cologne Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50924 Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Teichmann
- University of Bordeaux, IECB, ARNA laboratory, Equipe Labellisée Contre le Cancer, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Lars Zender
- 1] University Hospital Tübingen, Division of Translational Gastrointestinal Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Otfried-Mueller-Strasse 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany [2] Translational Gastrointestinal Oncology Group within the German Center for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69121 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chia-Lin Wei
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, 2800 Mitchell Drive, Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA
| | - Owen Sansom
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Elmar Wolf
- 1] Theodor Boveri Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany [2] Rudolf Virchow Center/DFG Research Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str.2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany [3]
| | - Martin Eilers
- 1] Theodor Boveri Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany [2] Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany [3]
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Teichmann M, Dumay-Odelot H, Fribourg S. Structural and functional aspects of winged-helix domains at the core of transcription initiation complexes. Transcription 2012; 3:2-7. [PMID: 22456313 DOI: 10.4161/trns.3.1.18917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The winged helix (WH) domain is found in core components of transcription systems in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. It represents a sub-class of the helix-turn-helix motif. The WH domain participates in establishing protein-DNA and protein-protein-interactions. Here, we discuss possible explanations for the enrichment of this motif in transcription systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Teichmann
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, Pessac, France
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Lefèvre S, Dumay-Odelot H, El-Ayoubi L, Budd A, Legrand P, Pinaud N, Teichmann M, Fribourg S. Erratum: Structure-function analysis of hRPC62 provides insights into RNA polymerase III transcription initiation. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2011. [DOI: 10.1038/nsmb0411-516d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lefèvre S, Dumay-Odelot H, El-Ayoubi L, Budd A, Legrand P, Pinaud N, Teichmann M, Fribourg S. Structure-function analysis of hRPC62 provides insights into RNA polymerase III transcription initiation. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2011; 18:352-8. [PMID: 21358628 DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2010] [Accepted: 12/02/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The 17-subunit human RNA polymerase III (hPol III) transcribes small, untranslated RNA genes that are involved in the regulation of transcription, splicing and translation. hPol III subunits hRPC62, hRPC39 and hRPC32 form a stable ternary subcomplex required for promoter-specific transcription initiation by hPol III. Here, we report the crystal structure of hRPC62. This subunit folds as a four-tandem extended winged helix (eWH) protein that is structurally related to the transcription factor TFIIEα N terminus. Through biochemical analyses, we mapped the protein-protein interactions of hRPC62, hRPC32 and hRPC39. In addition, we demonstrated that hRPC62 and hRPC39 bind single-stranded and duplex DNA, respectively, in a sequence-independent manner. Overall, we shed light on structural similarities between the hPol III-specific subunit hRPC62 and TFIIEα and propose specific functions for hRPC39 and hRPC62 in transcription initiation by hPol III.
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Dumay-Odelot H, Durrieu-Gaillard S, Da Silva D, Roeder RG, Teichmann M. Cell growth- and differentiation-dependent regulation of RNA polymerase III transcription. Cell Cycle 2010; 9:3687-99. [PMID: 20890107 DOI: 10.4161/cc.9.18.13203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA polymerase III transcribes small untranslated RNAs that fulfill essential cellular functions in regulating transcription, RNA processing, translation and protein translocation. RNA polymerase III transcription activity is tightly regulated during the cell cycle and coupled to growth control mechanisms. Furthermore, there are reports of changes in RNA polymerase III transcription activity during cellular differentiation, including the discovery of a novel isoform of human RNA polymerase III that has been shown to be specifically expressed in undifferentiated human H1 embryonic stem cells. Here, we review major regulatory mechanisms of RNA polymerase III transcription during the cell cycle, cell growth and cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Dumay-Odelot
- Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie (I.E.C.B.), Université de Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U869, Pessac, France
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Haurie V, Durrieu-Gaillard S, Dumay-Odelot H, Da Silva D, Rey C, Prochazkova M, Roeder RG, Besser D, Teichmann M. Two isoforms of human RNA polymerase III with specific functions in cell growth and transformation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:4176-81. [PMID: 20154270 PMCID: PMC2840155 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0914980107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription in eukaryotic nuclei is carried out by DNA-dependent RNA polymerases I, II, and III. Human RNA polymerase III (Pol III) transcribes small untranslated RNAs that include tRNAs, 5S RNA, U6 RNA, and some microRNAs. Increased Pol III transcription has been reported to accompany or cause cell transformation. Here we describe a Pol III subunit (RPC32beta) that led to the demonstration of two human Pol III isoforms (Pol IIIalpha and Pol IIIbeta). RPC32beta-containing Pol IIIbeta is ubiquitously expressed and essential for growth of human cells. RPC32alpha-containing Pol IIIalpha is dispensable for cell survival, with expression being restricted to undifferentiated ES cells and to tumor cells. In this regard, and most importantly, suppression of RPC32alpha expression impedes anchorage-independent growth of HeLa cells, whereas ectopic expression of RPC32alpha in IMR90 fibroblasts enhances cell transformation and dramatically changes the expression of several tumor-related mRNAs and that of a subset of Pol III RNAs. These results identify a human Pol III isoform and isoform-specific functions in the regulation of cell growth and transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Haurie
- Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie/Université de Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U869, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Stéphanie Durrieu-Gaillard
- Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie/Université de Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U869, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Hélène Dumay-Odelot
- Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie/Université de Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U869, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Daniel Da Silva
- Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie/Université de Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U869, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Christophe Rey
- Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie/Université de Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U869, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Martina Prochazkova
- Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie/Université de Bordeaux, INSERM E347, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Robert G. Roeder
- The Rockefeller University, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York, NY 10021
| | - Daniel Besser
- Max Delbrück Center, Department of Cancer Research, Laboratory for Signaling Mechanisms in Embryonic Stem Cells, D-13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Teichmann
- Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie/Université de Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U869, 33607 Pessac, France
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Dumay-Odelot H, Marck C, Durrieu-Gaillard S, Lefebvre O, Jourdain S, Prochazkova M, Pflieger A, Teichmann M. Identification, molecular cloning, and characterization of the sixth subunit of human transcription factor TFIIIC. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:17179-89. [PMID: 17409385 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m611542200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
TFIIIC in yeast and humans is required for transcription of tRNA and 5 S RNA genes by RNA polymerase III. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, TFIIIC is composed of six subunits, five of which are conserved in humans. We report the identification, molecular cloning, and characterization of the sixth subunit of human TFIIIC, TFIIIC35, which is related to the smallest subunit of yeast TFIIIC. Human TFIIIC35 does not contain the phosphoglycerate mutase domain of its yeast counterpart, and these two proteins display only limited homology within a 34-amino acid domain. Homologs of the sixth TFIIIC subunit are also identified in other eukaryotes, and their phylogenic evolution is analyzed. Affinity-purified human TFIIIC from an epitope-tagged TFIIIC35 cell line is active in binding to and in transcription of the VA1 gene in vitro. Furthermore, TFIIIC35 specifically interacts with the human TFIIIC subunits TFIIIC63 and, to a lesser extent, TFIIIC90 in vitro. Finally, we determined a limited region in the smallest subunit of yeast TFIIIC that is sufficient for interacting with the yeast TFIIIC subunit ScTfc1 (orthologous to TFIIIC63) and found it to be adjacent to and overlap the 34-amino acid domain that is conserved from yeast to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Dumay-Odelot
- Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie (I.E.C.B.), Université Bordeaux 2 Victor Ségalen, INSERM U869, rue Robert Escarpit, Pessac, F-33607, France
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Soutourina J, Bordas-Le Floch V, Gendrel G, Flores A, Ducrot C, Dumay-Odelot H, Soularue P, Navarro F, Cairns BR, Lefebvre O, Werner M. Rsc4 connects the chromatin remodeler RSC to RNA polymerases. Mol Cell Biol 2006; 26:4920-33. [PMID: 16782880 PMCID: PMC1489167 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00415-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
RSC is an essential, multisubunit chromatin remodeling complex. We show here that the Rsc4 subunit of RSC interacted via its C terminus with Rpb5, a conserved subunit shared by all three nuclear RNA polymerases (Pol). Furthermore, the RSC complex coimmunoprecipitated with all three RNA polymerases. Mutations in the C terminus of Rsc4 conferred a thermosensitive phenotype and the loss of interaction with Rpb5. Certain thermosensitive rpb5 mutations were lethal in combination with an rsc4 mutation, supporting the physiological significance of the interaction. Pol II transcription of ca. 12% of the yeast genome was increased or decreased twofold or more in a rsc4 C-terminal mutant. The transcription of the Pol III-transcribed genes SNR6 and RPR1 was also reduced, in agreement with the observed localization of RSC near many class III genes. Rsc4 C-terminal mutations did not alter the stability or assembly of the RSC complex, suggesting an impact on Rsc4 function. Strikingly, a C-terminal mutation of Rsc4 did not impair RSC recruitment to the RSC-responsive genes DUT1 and SMX3 but rather changed the chromatin accessibility of DNases to their promoter regions, suggesting that the altered transcription of DUT1 and SMX3 was the consequence of altered chromatin remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Soutourina
- Service de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire, Bâtiment 144, CEA/Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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Kanevsky I, Vasilenko N, Dumay-Odelot H, Fossé P. In vitro characterization of a base pairing interaction between the primer binding site and the minimal packaging signal of avian leukosis virus genomic RNA. Nucleic Acids Res 2004; 31:7070-82. [PMID: 14654682 PMCID: PMC291877 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkg942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The 5' leader region of avian sarcoma-leukosis viruses (ASLVs) folds into a series of RNA secondary structures which are involved in key steps in the viral replication cycle such as reverse transcription, dimerization and packaging of genomic RNA. The O3 stem and three stem-loops (O3SLa, O3SLb and O3SLc) form the minimal packaging signal that is located downstream of the primer binding site (PBS). The U5-PBS region contributes to packaging via a mechanism that remains unknown. In this in vitro study, we have investigated the possibility of interactions between the R-U5-PBS region and the minimal packaging signal using chemical and enzymatic probing, antisense oligonucleotides and site-directed mutagenesis. We have identified a base pairing interaction between the PBS sequence and the terminal loop of O3SLa. It was found that the PBS/O3SLa interaction was intramolecular since it occurred not only in dimeric RNA but also in monomeric RNA. This interaction probably corresponds to a pseudoknot interaction. The PBS/O3SLa interaction may be formed in vivo since the sequences are highly conserved in ASLV strains. The PBS/O3SLa interaction may regulate the processes of primer tRNA annealing, packaging and initiation of Gag translation through its involvement in leader tertiary structure. Interestingly, we found that in other retroviruses the PBS sequence can also base pair with a terminal loop of the stem-loops involved in RNA packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Kanevsky
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 8113 du CNRS, LBPA-Alembert, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, 94235 Cachan cedex, France
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Dumay-Odelot H, Acker J, Arrebola R, Sentenac A, Marck C. Multiple roles of the tau131 subunit of yeast transcription factor IIIC (TFIIIC) in TFIIIB assembly. Mol Cell Biol 2002; 22:298-308. [PMID: 11739742 PMCID: PMC134217 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.22.1.298-308.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Yeast transcription factor IIIC (TFIIIC) plays a key role in assembling the transcription initiation factor TFIIIB on class III genes after TFIIIC-DNA binding. The second largest subunit of TFIIIC, tau131, is thought to initiate TFIIIB assembly by interacting with Brf1/TFIIIB70. In this work, we have analyzed a TFIIIC mutant (tau131-DeltaTPR2) harboring a deletion in tau131 removing the second of its 11 tetratricopeptide repeats. Remarkably, this thermosensitive mutation was selectively suppressed in vivo by overexpression of B"/TFIIIB90, but not Brf1 or TATA-binding protein. In vitro, the mutant factor preincubated at restrictive temperature bound DNA efficiently but lost transcription factor activity. The in vitro transcription defect was abolished at high concentrations of B" but not Brf1. Copurification experiments of baculovirus-expressed proteins confirmed a direct physical interaction between tau131 and B". tau131, therefore, appears to be involved in the recruitment of both Brf1 and B".
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Dumay-Odelot
- Service de Biochimie et de Génétique Moléculaire, CEA/Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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