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Mahmoud F, Mullen A, Yasin H, Abutheraa N, Kurdi A. Obesity association with antidiabetic drugs’ prescription among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ijpp/riac021.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease of persistent elevation in blood glucose level. Several antidiabetic drugs (ADDs) with different features are currently available for T2DM management (1). The selection of appropriate ADDs is crucial for preventing/attenuating diabetes-related complications(1). All guidelines agreed on metformin to be an initial therapy for patients diagnosed with T2DM, yet the selection of an intensifying therapy or alternative initial therapy are lacking any agreements (1). Consequently, the selection of ADDs could be linked to multiple factors (2). Since obesity is a risk factor for T2DM and ADDs have variable effect on body weight, obesity is an important factor that could be associated with ADDs’ selection.
Aim
This systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis (MA) aimed to overview and quantify obesity association with the selection of ADDs among type 2 diabetic patients.
Methods
A systematic literature search was conducted on multiple databases. Eligible studies were selected based on the following inclusion criteria: quantitative observational studies, evaluated obesity association with ADDs’ prescription, in outpatient setting, and published in English over the period of Jan/2009-April/2021. Studies on other types of diabetes, about switching therapy, or published before 2009 were excluded. The following items were extracted from identified articles: study details as author, year, and method, participants’ characteristics as age and gender, type of investigated ADDs, comparison group, and stage of treatment, as well as type of analysis test. Extracted data was synthesized quantitively utilising a three-level MA approach as some studies reported more than one effect-size because of examining multiple ADDs. It was based on odds ratio and 95%confidence interval.
Results
A total of 21 studies evaluated the association of obesity with ADDs’ prescription was identified. All except one were included in the MA which contributed to a total of 66 effect sizes from all investigated ADDs. The pooled estimate of obesity association with the prescription of ADDs including all groups was 1.19[0.85 -1.67]. A subgroup analysis showed a significant difference according to the type of ADDs (p< .0001). A positive significant association was found with glucagon-Like peptide receptor agonist (GLP1-RA), sodium glucose transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2-I), and metformin prescriptions (pooled estimate: 2.35 [1.54-3.59], 1.89[1.33-2.68], and 1.22[1.08-1.37], respectively). Whereas a negative significant association was found with sulfonylurea prescription (pooled estimate: 0.76 [0.62-0.93]). The pooled estimate of thiazolidinedione, dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibitors, and insulin showed a non-significant association with obesity. None of the investigated variables showed significant influence on the overall result including stage of treatment and quality of study (p >0.05).
Conclusion
Obesity is an important factor influencing ADDs’ prescription. Patients with higher weight were more likely to get ADDs with weight losing or neutral effect as GLP1-RA, SGLT2-I, and metformin. This reflects some adherence of clinical practice to the variability in drugs’ features as indicated from the consistent findings of obesity as a factor affecting ADDs’ selection with the weight effect of ADDs. Yet, further studies are required because of limited number of studies examined each antidiabetic group.
References
1. American Diabetes A. 9. Pharmacologic Approaches to Glycemic Treatment: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2020. Diabetes Care. 2020;43(Suppl 1):S98-S110.
2. Wilkinson S, Douglas I, Stirnadel-Farrant H, Fogarty D, Pokrajac A, Smeeth L, et al. Changing use of antidiabetic drugs in the UK: trends in prescribing 2000-2017. BMJ Open. 2018;8(7):e022768.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mahmoud
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Depratment of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - A Mullen
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - H Yasin
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - N Abutheraa
- The Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - A Kurdi
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Yasin H, Tariq F, Sameen A, Ahmad N, Manzoor MF, Yasin M, Tariq T, Iqbal MW, Ishfaq B, Mahmood S, Siddeeg A. Ethanolic extract of okra has a potential gastroprotective effect on acute gastric lesions in Sprague Dawley rats. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:6691-6698. [PMID: 33312552 PMCID: PMC7723190 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) has various bioactive components used for the treatment of different diseases such as gastritis and ulcers. This research aims to examine the anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcer attributes of okra extract against gastric lesions. Adult Sprague Dawley male albino rats were divided into five groups. The negative control (G1) received normal feed, positive control (G2) received ulcer-inducing drug aspirin 150 mg/kg of body weight (b.w), G3 group received reference drug omeprazole 20 mg/kg of b.w, G4 group received okra extract 250 mg/kg of b.w, and G5 group received 500 mg/kg of b.w. Acute gastric damage was induced in G1, G2, G3, and G4 using aspirin 150 mg/kg of b.w, during 14-day-long efficacy trials after that all the animals were sacrificed. Anti-ulcer parameters and histopathological analysis of stomachs were performed to evaluate the degree of recovery against tissue damage by the administration of okra extract. The obtained results indicated that the 500 mg/kg of b.w okra extract exerted a protective effect in aspirin-induced gastric ulcers by significantly (p < .05) reducing ulcer score, ulcer area, total acidity, and gastric volume, and significantly (p < .05) increasing gastric pH. Moreover, histopathological observation revealed that gastric mucosa was normal in G1, G3, G4, and G5; however, disruptions in the gastric epithelium were observed in G2. Congestion was observed in all groups except G1 and G5. Gastric pits and gastric glands were increased in size in G2 and G4. A higher concentration of okra extract (500 mg/kg of b.w) showed almost similar results when compared to the reference drug omeprazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafsa Yasin
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyFaculty of Food Nutrition and Home SciencesUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Farwa Tariq
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyFaculty of Food Nutrition and Home SciencesUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Aysha Sameen
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyFaculty of Food Nutrition and Home SciencesUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Nazir Ahmad
- Institute of Home and Food SciencesFaculty of Life SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Muhammad Faisal Manzoor
- Institute of Home and Food SciencesFaculty of Life SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
- School of Food Science and EngineeringSouth China University and TechnologyGuangzhouChina
- School of Food and Biological EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiangChina
| | - Maria Yasin
- District Head Quarters HospitalPakpattanPakistan
| | - Tayyaba Tariq
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyFaculty of Food Nutrition and Home SciencesUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
| | | | - Bushra Ishfaq
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyFaculty of Food Nutrition and Home SciencesUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Sana Mahmood
- National Institute of Food Science and TechnologyFaculty of Food Nutrition and Home SciencesUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Azhari Siddeeg
- Department of Food Engineering and TechnologyFaculty of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity GeziraWad MedaniSudan
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Yasin H, Schäfer S, Arcones A, Schwenk A. Equation of State Effects in Core-Collapse Supernovae. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:092701. [PMID: 32202885 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.092701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the impact of different properties of the nuclear equation of state in core-collapse supernovae, with a focus on the proto-neutron-star contraction and its impact on the shock evolution. To this end, we introduce a range of equations of state that vary the nucleon effective mass, incompressibility, symmetry energy, and nuclear saturation point. This allows us to point to the different effects in changing these properties from the Lattimer and Swesty to the Shen et al. equations of state, the two most commonly used equations of state in simulations. In particular, we trace the contraction behavior to the effective mass, which determines the thermal nucleonic contributions to the equation of state. Larger effective masses lead to lower pressures at nuclear densities and a lower thermal index. This results in a more rapid contraction of the proto-neutron star and consequently higher neutrino energies, which aids the shock evolution to a faster explosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yasin
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - S Schäfer
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
- ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Arcones
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Schwenk
- Institut für Kernphysik, Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
- ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
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Shaikh BT, Wasim S, Yasin H, Khalid S, Sabih Masood MM. Maternal Knowledge Of W.H.O Guidelines For Treatment Of Acute Respiratory Infections In Children Under Five In Pakistan. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2019; 31:530-535. [PMID: 31933305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute Respiratory Infections (ARIs) are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children under the age of five in Pakistan. Gauging the knowledge and practices of mothers related to ARIs may hold a key role in reducing the incidence and complications. Our study assessed the knowledge of mothers regarding ARIs among children under five years in accordance with WHO guidelines, and its association with education and socioeconomic status of mothers. In addition, we studied the association between education of mothers and socioeconomic status with vaccination status of child. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted from May to December 2016 at Civil Hospital, Ziauddin Hospital and Gulshan-e-Sikanderabad PHC Karachi and involved mothers with at least one child under the age of five years. Four hundred mothers were interviewed using a questionnaire. Results were analysed using SPSS 20.0. RESULTS 51% of mothers were found to have an above average understanding about ARIs with a mean score of 13.35±3.03 out of a possible 20. There is no association between knowledge of mothers and their level of education. Education level of the mother was found to have a significant association with the vaccination status of youngest child. Mothers having no education or just religious education had the highest percentages of incomplete vaccinations. CONCLUSIONS Most mothers had above average knowledge of what classified as an ARI and could identify the danger signs. Uneducated mothers had incomplete vaccinations of their youngest child. The majority of mothers had satisfactory breastfeeding habits.
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Yasin H. Polio: the fight of the public against a disease it does not understand with a vaccine it does not trust. J PAK MED ASSOC 2016; 66:496-497. [PMID: 27183923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hafsa Yasin
- Community Health Sciences, Ziauddin University, Karachi
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Ansari Z, Yasin H, Zehra N, Faisal A. Occupational Stress among Emergency Department (ED) Staff and the Need for Investment in Health Care; a View from Pakistan. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.9734/bjmmr/2015/20000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Herring A, Ambrée O, Yasin H, Tomm M, Habermann H, Blome M, Sachser N, Paulus W, Keyvani K. Umweltanreicherung und Alzheimer-Krankheit. Akt Neurol 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1086754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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