1
|
Bilal M, Ali H, Hassan HU, Khan SU, Ghafar R, Akram W, Ahmad H, Mushtaq S, Jafari H, Yaqoob H, Khan MM, Ullah R, Arai T. Cadmium (Cd) influences calcium (Ca) levels in the skeleton of a freshwater fish Channa gachua. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e264336. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.264336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Environmental contamination with heavy metals is a threat to the organisms due to their toxicity, persistence and bioaccumulation in food chains. The study was aimed to assess cadmium (Cd) effect on calcium (Ca) level in bones of a freshwater fish Channa gachua. 42 fish individuals were kept into six (6) aquaria; labelled aq.0, 1, 2, 3,4 and 5 in the laboratory for treatment. Aq.0 was control group and aq.1, 2,3,4,5 were experimental with treatment solution of Cd 0, 0.1ppm, 0.5ppm, 1ppm, 2.5ppm and 5ppm respectively for three months. After exposure, bones tissue were examined for Cd accumulation and Ca concentration. Highest accumulation of Cd were recorded in aq.5 mean 46.86 ± 0.46 mgkg-1 .and lowest in the control group with mean 0.61 ± 0.06 mgkg-1. The order of Cd bioaccumulation in bones were aq.5 > aq.4 >aq.3 > aq.2 > aq.1 > aq.0. Highest concentration of Ca were noted in aq.0 (Control group) mean 7888.06 ± 4827.22 mgkg-1 and lowest were 1132.36 ± 203.73 mgkg-1 in aq.5 (at 5.0 ppm). Generally a pattern of decreasing Ca level were observed with each rise of Cd bioaccumulation aq.0 > aq.1 > aq.2 > aq.3 > aq.4 > aq.5. Current study indicated that Cd accumulation have substantial effect on Ca level in bones and hence on skeleton system. Strict rules must be implemented by government to control metals pollution and exploitations of biota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. Bilal
- Government College University Lahore, Pakistan
| | - H. Ali
- University of Malakand, Pakistan
| | - H. U. Hassan
- University of Karachi, Pakistan; Ministry of National Food Security and Research, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | | | - S. Mushtaq
- Ministry of National Food Security and Research, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | - R. Ullah
- Government College University Lahore, Pakistan
| | - T. Arai
- Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Brunei
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Khan ML, Hassan HU, Khan FU, Ghaffar RA, Rafiq N, Bilal M, Khooharo AR, Ullah S, Jafari H, Nadeem K, Siddique MAM, Arai T. Effects of microplastics in freshwater fishes health and the implications for human health. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 84:e272524. [PMID: 37283392 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.272524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of microplastics in aquatic environments has raised concerns about their abundance and potential hazards to aquatic organisms. This review provides insight into the problem that may be of alarm for freshwater fish. Plastic pollution is not confined to marine ecosystems; freshwater also comprises plastic bits, as the most of plastic fragments enter oceans via rivers. Microplastics (MPs) can be consumed by fish and accumulated due to their size and poor biodegradability. Furthermore, it has the potential to enter the food chain and cause health problems. Evidence of MPs s ingestion has been reported in >150 fish species from both freshwater and marine systems. However, microplastic quantification and toxicity in freshwater ecosystems have been underestimated, ignored, and not reported as much as compared to the marine ecosystem. However, their abundance, influence, and toxicity in freshwater biota are not less than in marine ecosystems. The interaction of MPs with freshwater fish, as well as the risk of human consumption, remains a mystery. Nevertheless, our knowledge of the impacts of MPs on freshwater fish is still very limited. This study detailed the status of the toxicity of MPs in freshwater fish. This review will add to our understanding of the ecotoxicology of microplastics on freshwater fish and give subsequent research directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M L Khan
- Kohat University of Science and Technology, Department of Zoology, Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - H U Hassan
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
- Government of Pakistan, Ministry of National Food Security and Research, Fisheries Development Board, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - F U Khan
- Quaid-i-Azam University, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Zoology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - R A Ghaffar
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - N Rafiq
- Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Department of Zoology, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - M Bilal
- Government College University Lahore, Department of Zoology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A R Khooharo
- University of Karachi, Centre of Excellence in Marine Biology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Ullah
- University of Swabi, Department of Zoology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - H Jafari
- University of Karachi, Dr. A. Q. Khan Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - K Nadeem
- University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - M A M Siddique
- Noakhali Science and Technology University, Department of Oceanography, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - T Arai
- Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Faculty of Science, Environmental and Life Sciences Programme, Gadong, Brunei
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jafari H, Taghipour A, Ebrahimipour H, Latifnejad Roudsari R. Women's needs in their journey towards motherhood via oocyte donation: A mixed methods systematic review. Int J Reprod Biomed 2023; 21:451-462. [PMID: 37560070 PMCID: PMC10407919 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v21i6.13633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the significant changes in family formation through donation procedures, providing an optimal level of care that is responsive to the needs of mothers who get pregnant via oocyte donation is pivotal to improve their maternal role. Therefore, it is necessary to recognize the needs of oocyte donation mothers to address their specific needs. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to review the needs of women in their journey towards motherhood via oocyte donation. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this systematic review, which followed the updated Joanna Briggs Institute's methodological guidance for conducting a mixed methods systematic review, the quantitative observational and qualitative studies were searched through databases including PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, the Cochran Library, and Google Scholar search engine. Letters to the editor, commentaries, magazine articles, articles without full text and abstracts presented in congresses were excluded. All English-language articles related to the needs of oocyte donation mothers, without time limitation, were reviewed. The eligible studies were critically appraised independently by 2 researchers. RESULTS 4649 records were identified from those 18 articles were finally included in the review. The needs of oocyte donation mothers comprised 8 categories: The need for special services in fertility clinics, the need to improve the quality of care, the need for emotional support and psychological consultation, information needs, the need for financial support, the need for disclosure counseling, educational needs, and the need for sociocultural and religious support. CONCLUSION This review suggests various needs of oocyte donation mothers. The results can be used in carefully planning supportive programs for this vulnerable population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Jafari
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Taghipour
- Social Determinants of Health Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hosein Ebrahimipour
- Social Determinants of Health Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Robab Latifnejad Roudsari
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Aslani Menarebazari Z, Jafari H, Gholamzadeh Z. The design and construction of a collimator holder to equip beam tube D of the Tehran research reactor. Nuclear Engineering and Design 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2023.112226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
|
5
|
Pirmoradi S, Jolodar A, Jafari H. Genetic Diversity of Hottentotta sp. Scorpions (Scorpionidae: Buthidae) in Khuzestan, Iran. Arch Razi Inst 2023; 78:15-24. [PMID: 37312732 PMCID: PMC10258298 DOI: 10.22092/ari.2022.359194.2385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The genus of Hottentotta sp. scorpion is one of the few medically important scorpions in Iran. This study assessed the genetic relationship analysis of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COXI) and 12sRNA genes and morphometric parameters among the population of Hottentotta sp in Khuzestan. Morphological analysis using the ANOVA T-test with a significance level of P-value less than 0.05 showed differences between the Hottetotta saulcyi and Hottetotta zagrosensis. However, this method was not able to distinguish between members of the same species. The amplification of gene fragments was done on 12srRNA (374 bp), and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COXI) (624 bp) from Hottentotta sp. collected from Khuzestan by PCR. Based on sequence 12srRNA, all H. saulcyi specimens (HS4, HS6 and HS7) except HS5 were included in cluster B. While two specimens of H. Zagrosensis (HZ6 and HZ1) with 99% bootstrap value were placed in cluster A. By using 12srRNA sequences, the highest genetic distance between the Khuzestan specimens was related to HS5 and HS7, which was calculated to be 16.7%. However, the amount of amino acid difference between HS5 and HS7 using the COXI sequence was 9.2%. The genetic distances of HS7 and HS5 with the only scorpion reference sequence, H. saulcyi, were 11.8% and 9.2%, respectively. Morphological data showed the separation of the two species, consistent with molecular phylogenetic trees. On the other hand, the genetic distance of specimens HS7 and HS5 with other members of the group as well as the scorpion reference sequence using the COXI gene, confirmed the possibility of an intraspecies difference that could not be proved by the morphological data alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Pirmoradi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at the Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - A Jolodar
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - H Jafari
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ahvaz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jafari H, Poshtan J, Shamaghdari S. Stochastic Event-Triggered Fault Detection and Isolation Based on Kalman Filter. IEEE Trans Cybern 2022; 52:12329-12339. [PMID: 34570714 DOI: 10.1109/tcyb.2021.3107495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this article, the robust fault detection and isolation (FDI) Kalman filter is extended based on stochastic event-triggered schedulers for discrete linear systems consisting of deterministic/stochastic unknown inputs with nonzero mean and colored measurement noise. In the proposed FDI method, first, a subspace of the main system that significantly attenuates disturbance effects is proposed. After that, the fusion method is proposed for dealing with the colored measurement-noise problem in designing the Kalman filter and preventing from leading to measurement noise with zero mean and zero covariance. The stochastic event-triggered schedulers are considered as Gaussian functions. Therefore, the Gaussian property of innovation sequence is preserved, and consequently, the recursive equation of the Kalman filter need not be extended based on approximation techniques. Finally, design parameters are chosen based on the convex optimization problem such that the lowest communication rate between the sensor node and FDI filter, and also the best FDI performance are achieved. The proposed FDI method is evaluated to detect and isolate stator interturn short circuit and broken rotor bars faults with unbalanced voltage as disturbance in three-phase induction motors.
Collapse
|
7
|
Yousefi A, Jafari H, Khorsandi M, Faezmehr A. Assessment of a low-cost commercial CCD for use in X-ray imaging. Appl Radiat Isot 2022; 190:110476. [PMID: 36162321 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2022.110476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Charged coupled device (CCD) is an imaging sensor that can be used as a digital radiation position-sensitive detector in space applications, industrial and medical imaging, etc. Commonly, the CCDs used for X-ray imaging are expensive and needed more complicated control, electronic boards. In this work, a simple and low-cost commercial CCD model (TCD1304AP) has been used to implement X-ray imaging. Moreover, a CsI(Tl) scintillation crystal with different thicknesses of 2 and 5 mm has been utilized as an X-ray to light photon converter. The driving and data acquisition boards have been designed in straightforward implementation, which can be easily performed. Also, the appropriate integration times have been set to 10 ms and 420 ms for use in cases with and without scintillation crystals respectively. The results show that this sensor has an admissible response to X-ray imaging. There is about a below 8.3% relative difference between the actual and attained dimensions from images at the direct method. However, this difference increases up to 17.7% for the indirect method due to the optical propagation in the scintillator. Furthermore, the experiment for the determination of the PSF distribution indicates that the spatial resolution of this X-ray imaging is 2% in the direct method and 3% with a 2 mm CsI(Tl) scintillator.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Yousefi
- Radiation Application Department, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - H Jafari
- Radiation Application Department, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - M Khorsandi
- Radiation Application Department, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Faezmehr
- Radiation Application Department, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zarezadeh M, Jafari H, Rahaii M. Evaluation and prioritization of occupational safety and health risks of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd in 2019. Occup Med (Lond) 2022. [DOI: 10.18502/tkj.v14i1.9858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Today, it is essential to pay attention to the opportunities and threats in health services, especially in hospitals, to identify and evaluate the existing risks and manage them in these centers. Hospital risk management is a program to reduce the occurrence and prevalence of preventable accidents and is of great economic, human and moral importance in the hospital environment. This study aimed to evaluate and prioritize the occupational safety and health risks of the staff of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd in 2019
Methods and material: : The present study is descriptive-cross-sectional. In the first step, the main risks in clinical, laboratory, facilities, radiology, and administrative departments were identified. Based on FMEA logic, three severity, probability, and vulnerability indicators were identified for each risk. Then, prioritization criteria were determined, and ANP prioritized the risks.
Results: According to infectious disease experts with a risk of 0.86 in the clinical ward, inhalation of Barisek chemical vapor 1.17 in the laboratory, radiation of the device with a risk of 0.64 in imaging, infectious disease with a risk of 0.33 and 1.3 in order of priority The first were in the administrative and facilities department.
Conclusion: The results showed that the hospital management should adopt special management programs to control infectious diseases with a staff health approach. Control measures should be set with priority risks. The difference in the obtained risk numbers indicated the different priorities of implementing risk management programs in each ward of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital.
Collapse
|
9
|
Menarebazari ZA, Jafari H, Gholamzadeh Z, Bavarnegin E, Siavoshi Fakhr F. The design and optimization of a radiation shield for the Tehran Research Reactor's neutron diffraction facility. Progress in Nuclear Energy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pnucene.2022.104224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
10
|
Asgari S, Jafari H, Taheri Ghahrizjani R, Feghhi S, Bataee M. Evaluation of gamma response ability of single-mode and multi-mode optical fibers with different dopants as dosimeter sensors. Appl Radiat Isot 2022; 184:110206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2022.110206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
11
|
Jolodar A, Ezzati GM, Jafari H, Farzi M. Phylogenetic Relationships of Scorpion Compsobuthus matthiesseni Based on Sequences of Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 Gene from Khuzestan Province, Iran. Arch Razi Inst 2022; 77:65-72. [PMID: 35891749 PMCID: PMC9288617 DOI: 10.22092/ari.2021.355059.1662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Buthidae family includes scorpions with highly potent venom such as Compsobuthus matthiesseni is important due to the prevalence of scorpion stings in Khuzestan Province, Iran. Morphometric comparison of males and females (n=5 each) showed that the body and carapas of the females were longer and wider (32.57±0.23 mm and 3.75±0.22 mm, respectively) than those of males (28.89±0.25 mm and 3.55±0.12 mm, respectively). From the seven specimens of C. matthiesseni scorpion, 410-bp gene fragments of ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 were amplified by polymerase chain reaction. The specimens of CM1 and CM2 (isolated from Baghmalek, Khuzestan) were in the same group with bootstrap values of 87%. Nevertheless, CM4 and CM3 (isolated from Shushtar and Bidroobe, Khuzestan) with bootstrap values of 73% and 62% were separated from the two specimens of Baghmalek, respectively. The two specimens CF3 and CM5 (isolated from Masjed Soleiman, Khuzestan) with bootstrap values of 88% were placed next to each other in a separate group. CF2 was separated from the rest of the specimens with a bootstrap value of 54%. Out of the seven scorpions that were examined, six specimens (CM1, CM2, CM3, CM4, CM5, and CF3) showed the greatest similarity between 1.1% and 4%. However, the genetic distance between CF2 and the rest of the specimens was at the range of 10.8-14.2%. It can be concluded that all C. matthiesseni scorpions from Khuzestan Province belonged to one species; nonetheless, differences were observed within the species, especially in the case of CF2, which might be intraspecies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Jolodar
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Givi M Ezzati
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - H Jafari
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ahvaz, Iran
| | - M Farzi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jafari H, Nemati S, Ganji RM. Operational matrices based on the shifted fifth-kind Chebyshev polynomials for solving nonlinear variable order integro-differential equations. Adv Differ Equ 2021; 2021:435. [PMID: 34630543 PMCID: PMC8487347 DOI: 10.1186/s13662-021-03588-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this research, we study a general class of variable order integro-differential equations (VO-IDEs). We propose a numerical scheme based on the shifted fifth-kind Chebyshev polynomials (SFKCPs). First, in this scheme, we expand the unknown function and its derivatives in terms of the SFKCPs. To carry out the proposed scheme, we calculate the operational matrices depending on the SFKCPs to find an approximate solution of the original problem. These matrices, together with the collocation points, are used to transform the original problem to form a system of linear or nonlinear algebraic equations. We discuss the convergence of the method and then give an estimation of the error. We end by solving numerical tests, which show the high accuracy of our results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H. Jafari
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematical Sciences, University of Mazandaran, P.O. Box: 47416-95447, Babolsar, Iran
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of South Africa, UNISA0003, Pretoria, South Africa
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 110122 Taiwan
| | - S. Nemati
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematical Sciences, University of Mazandaran, P.O. Box: 47416-95447, Babolsar, Iran
| | - R. M. Ganji
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematical Sciences, University of Mazandaran, P.O. Box: 47416-95447, Babolsar, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jafari H, Sheikhbardsiri H, Mohammadi M. Future Study Of Fire Disaster Risk In Iran Using A Scenario Planning Approach. Ann Burns Fire Disasters 2021; 34:283-289. [PMID: 34744545 PMCID: PMC8534309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fire disasters are one of the most common technological disasters in Iran. These disasters have killed many people and resulted in significant economic loss. The "Plasco" building fire in 2017 is one example of these catastrophic disasters, when most of Iran was affected by its tragic news. Regarding the increasing number of risk factors for fire disasters, we aimed to study future scenarios for such disasters in the country. The present study is a futuristic study with an exploratory approach that uses an intuitive logic scenario development approach. We used document analysis, semi-structured interviews, and the Delphi technique to identify driving forces and develop scenario stories, and finally those scenario stories were validated. In the document analysis phase, 22 documents were identified and analysed. After collecting information related to documents and analysing ten interviews, 41 of the driving forces were identified. By drawing the scenario matrix, four alternative scenarios for the future of fire disasters were developed. Two dimensions for scenario development were the correct application of fire prevention laws and access to driving technologies. Policymakers can concentrate on these key factors for best planning in the mitigation of fire disasters. In addition, studying scenarios can help managers and officials to better develop strategic plans for disaster risk reduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H. Jafari
- Health, Work and Environment Research Center, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - H. Sheikhbardsiri
- Disasters and Emergencies Management Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - M. Mohammadi
- Centre for Environment and Population Health, Griffith University, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jafari H, Mirzaiinajmabadi K, Roudsari RL, Rakhshkhorshid M. The factors affecting male infertility: A systematic review. Int J Reprod Biomed 2021; 19:681-688. [PMID: 34568728 PMCID: PMC8458922 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v19i8.9615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, the incidence of male infertility has increased worldwide. It is necessary to study the factors that influence male infertility in each area/region for better management. Objective To determine the factors affecting male infertility in the Iranian male population. Materials and Methods An online search was conducted in electronic databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, SID, and Scopus to identify articles on the factors associated with male infertility, published in English and Persian. The keywords used to perform the search included "factor", "epidemiology", "causes of infertility", and "male infertility". The search was conducted without a time restriction, up to April 2020. Results The search resulted in a total number of 691 studies. After an assessment of the articles, finally 14 studies were included in this study with a total number of 26,324 infertile males. The factors associated with male infertility included semen abnormalities, varicocele and testis disorder, smoking, exposure to heat, obesity, anabolic steroids, vascular abnormalities, anti-spermatogenesis factors, antidepressants, taking ranitidine and cimetidine, penile discharge and genital ulcers, painful micturition, occupational factors, alcohol, chronic disease, sexual disorder, Surgical and urological diseases, genetic factors and herpes infection. Among these, the semen and varicocele disorders were common in most studies. Conclusion The present review suggests that the factors affecting male infertility in Iran are similar to those reported from other countries. The results of this study can be used in adopting appropriate strategies for infertility management in Iran.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Jafari
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Khadigeh Mirzaiinajmabadi
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Robab Latifnejad Roudsari
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Marzieh Rakhshkhorshid
- Department of Midwifery, Nursing and Midwifery School, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Rezaieyazdi Z, Mohammadi M, Yousefi Z, Jafari H, Khodashahi M. Outcomes of planned pregnancy in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and their neonates. The Egyptian Rheumatologist 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejr.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
16
|
Babaei A, Jafari H, Banihashemi S, Ahmadi M. Mathematical analysis of a stochastic model for spread of Coronavirus. Chaos Solitons Fractals 2021; 145:110788. [PMID: 33642704 PMCID: PMC7894125 DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2021.110788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper is associated to investigate a stochastic SEIAQHR model for transmission of Coronavirus disease 2019 that is a recent great crisis in numerous societies. This stochastic pandemic model is established due to several safety protocols, for instance social-distancing, mask and quarantine. Three white noises are added to three of the main parameters of the system to represent the impact of randomness in the environment on the considered model. Also, the unique solvability of the presented stochastic model is proved. Moreover, a collocation approach based on the Legendre polynomials is presented to obtain the numerical solution of this system. Finally, some simulations are provided to survey the obtained results of this pandemic model and to identify the theoretical findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Babaei
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - H Jafari
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of South Africa, UNISA0003, South Africa
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 110122, Taiwan
- Department of Mathematics and Informatics, Azerbaijan University, Jeyhun Hajibeyli, 71, Baku, AZ1007, Azerbaijan
| | - S Banihashemi
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - M Ahmadi
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ayubi Z, Jafari A, Ayatollahi-Mousavi S, Jafari H, Panddeh M. Using Comet Assay for Genotoxic Evaluation of Zataria multiflora Boiss., An Iranian Endemic Plant. JFQHC 2021. [DOI: 10.18502/jfqhc.8.1.5463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Zataria multiflora Boiss. (Avishan-e Shirazi), as an Iranian endemic plant, belongs to the Lamiaceae family and may be used as a food preservative. This study aimed to detect potential genotoxic effects of Z. multiflora extract.
Methods: Hydro-alcoholic extract of Z. multiflora was prepared. Human B lymphocytes were treated with 1% extract within 3 and 24 h. Sterile Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) and cisplatin were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. DNA damage profiles were examined using comet assay (Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis). Data were statistically analyzed by SPSS software v. 21.
Results: No statistically significant (p=0.071) DNA damage was observed in B lymphocytes treated with either Z. multiflora extract or PBS after 3 and 24 h. However, there was a statistically significant difference (p=0.0001) between DNA damage in B lymphocytes that treated with cisplatin and Z. multiflora after 3 and 24 h.
Conclusion: The comet assay used in the current study showed that Z. multiflora had no genotoxic effect.
Collapse
|
18
|
Kargaran H, Jafari H, Minuchehr A. A novel approach based on improved combinatorial geometry (ICG) model for photon transport in Monte Carlo codes. Progress in Nuclear Energy 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pnucene.2020.103565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
19
|
Babaei A, Ahmadi M, Jafari H, Liya A. A mathematical model to examine the effect of quarantine on the spread of coronavirus. Chaos Solitons Fractals 2021; 142:110418. [PMID: 33288973 PMCID: PMC7703523 DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2020.110418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we propose a mathematical model about the spread of novel coronavirus. This model is a system of fractional order differential equations in Caputo's sense. The aim is to explain the virus transmission and to investigate the impact of quarantine on decreasing the prevalence rate of the virus in the environment. The unique solvability of the presented COVID-19 model is proved. Also, the equilibrium points and the reproduction number of the proposed model are discussed in two cases with and without considering the quarantine factor. Using the Adams-Bashforth-Moulton predictor-corrector method, some numerical simulations are implemented to survey the behavior of the considered model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Babaei
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - M Ahmadi
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - H Jafari
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of South Africa, UNISA0003, South Africa
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 110122, Taiwan
| | - A Liya
- Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Tuan NH, Ganji RM, Jafari H. A numerical study of fractional rheological models and fractional Newell-Whitehead-Segel equation with non-local and non-singular kernel. Chin J Phys 2020; 68:308-320. [PMID: 38620336 PMCID: PMC7462662 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2020.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the recent years, few type of fractional derivatives which have non-local and non-singular kernel are introduced. In this work, we present fractional rheological models and Newell-Whitehead-Segel equations with non-local and non-singular kernel. For solving these equations, we present a spectral collocation method based on the shifted Legendre polynomials. To do this, we extend the unknown functions and its derivatives using the shifted Legendre basis. These expansions and the properties of the shifted Legendre polynomials along with the spectral collocation method will help us to reduce the main problem to a set of nonlinear algebraic equations. Finally, The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method are reported by some illustrative examples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N H Tuan
- Division of Applied Mathematics, Thu Dau Mot University, Binh Duong Province, Vietnam
| | - R M Ganji
- Department of Mathematics, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - H Jafari
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of South Africa, UNISA, 0003, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Jafari H, Salabi F, Navidpour S, Forouzan A. Phylogenetic and Morphological Analyses of Androctonus crassicuda from Khuzestan Province, Iran (Scorpiones: Buthidae). Arch Razi Inst 2020; 75:405-412. [PMID: 33025781 PMCID: PMC8418804 DOI: 10.22092/ari.2020.342071.1451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Abstract
The Androctonus crassicuda is the most diverse scorpion species in the family of Buthidae, which is endemic to Khuzestan province, Iran. Investigation of the relationship of species by means of a molecular study of specimens is one of the new approaches due to the limitations of the morphological approaches. In the current study, the analysis was based on 32 morphological characteristics of A. crassicuda native to southwest Iran. Moreover, the DNA sequencing of two mitochondrial markers, namely cytochrome oxidase subunit I and 12sRNA loci was performed, and the phylogenetic tree was constructed using maximum likelihood method with 1000 replications using MEGA software (version 7). Based on the results of the phylogenetic tree, A. crassicuda was classified into a monophyletic group. However, the genetic diversity of this species populations was not significant (0.001). The highest and lowest genetic distance of A. crassicuda was compared with the reports obtained in Urmia and west Azerbaijan, Iran. There was a clear divergence between the A. crassicuda isolated from northern and southern areas of Iran. This study showed the importance of geographical and climate features of the region and genetic distance among the populations. The phylogenetic analysis of Androctonus species from other regions showed the highest and lowest genetic distance with A. gonneti (Morocco) and A. amoreuxi (Portugal), respectively. The comparison of the morphological characteristics and morphometric results revealed that metasoma characteristics are important in the identification of A. crassicuda. The results of the analysis of the morphometric values of A. crassicuda were mainly compatible with the phylogenetic trees and supported the traditional morphological classification, thereby presenting a clearly definition of the genera of Androctonus species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Jafari
- Department of Venomous Animals, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, Ahwaz, Iran
- Department of Venomous Animals, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, Ahwaz, Iran
| | - F Salabi
- Department of Venomous Animals, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, Ahwaz, Iran
| | - Sh Navidpour
- Department of Venomous Animals, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran
| | - A Forouzan
- Department of Venomous Animals, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, Ahwaz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Jafari H, Rajaee T, Nazif S. An investigation of the possible scenarios for the optimal locating of quality sensors in the water distribution networks with uncertain contamination. J Water Health 2020; 18:704-721. [PMID: 33095194 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2020.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
One of the ways to reduce the risk of contaminated water consumption is to optimally locate the quality sensors. These sensors warn users in the case of contamination detection. Analyzing the actual conditions of the contamination which enters the network is faced with many uncertainties. These uncertainties include the dose of contamination, time and location of its entry which have received less attention. Also, the uncertainty in the nodes' water demand causes changes in the distribution and contamination diffusion within the network. The main impetus of the present study is to determine the optimal quality sensor locations in the water distribution network in order to reduce the damage caused by contaminated water consumption prior to the contamination event detection. For this purpose, a parameter is defined as the maximum possible damage for calculating which the vulnerability and importance of the nodes have been considered in addition to the uncertainties in the location and time of the contamination entry. The importance of each node differs from that of other ones. Ranking the importance of the nodes is influenced by both land use and covered population ratio. In this study, six scenarios are defined for the contamination event in the water distribution network. These scenarios consider the effects of varying pollutant dose and the contamination input from nodes which are prone to its entry. Also, the NSGA-II has been utilized in order to minimize the damage with minimum number of sensors. The proposed model is evaluated on a real network in Iran. The results indicate that adding only one or two contamination warning sensors to the proposed locations can lead to the decreasing damage caused by the contaminated water consumption from 54 to 82%. According to the proposed method, the best answer for scenarios 1-6 was obtained for 7, 6, 6, 2, 2 and 2 sensors, respectively. The results showed that the slope of the pollution rate diagram does not change much from 6 sensors upwards in the first three scenarios, and from 4 sensors upwards in the second three scenarios. In scenarios 1-3, with 7, 6 and 6 sensors, respectively, in different nodes, the best placement is for 203-224 equivalent attack population, and in scenarios 4-6, with sensors in nodes 4 and 43, the best placement is for 225-279 equivalent attack population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Jafari
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Qom, Qom, Iran E-mail:
| | - Taher Rajaee
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Qom, Qom, Iran E-mail:
| | - Sara Nazif
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Nikan O, Machado JAT, Avazzadeh Z, Jafari H. Numerical evaluation of fractional Tricomi-type model arising from physical problems of gas dynamics. J Adv Res 2020; 25:205-216. [PMID: 32922987 PMCID: PMC7474248 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The fractional Tricomi-type model is adopted for describing the anomalous process of nearly sonic speed gas dynamics. A new hybrid scheme based LRBF-FD method is formulated to solve the model. The LRBF-FD method useful for irregular domains with good accuracy is proposed. The stability and convergence of the proposed method are analyzed using the energy method.
This paper deals with approximating the time fractional Tricomi-type model in the sense of the Caputo derivative. The model is often adopted for describing the anomalous process of nearly sonic speed gas dynamics. The temporal semi-discretization is computed via a finite difference algorithm, while the spatial discretization is obtained using the local radial basis function in a finite difference mode. The local collocation method approximates the differential operators using a weighted sum of the function values over a local collection of nodes (named stencil) through a radial basis function expansion. This technique considers merely the discretization nodes of each subdomain around the collocation node. This leads to sparse systems and tackles the ill-conditioning produced of global collocation. The theoretical convergence and stability analyses of the proposed time semi-discrete scheme are proved by means of the discrete energy method. Numerical results confirm the accuracy and efficiency of the new approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Nikan
- School of Mathematics, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran, Iran
| | - J A Tenreiro Machado
- Department of Electrical Engineering, ISEP-Institute of Engineering, Polytechnic of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Z Avazzadeh
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam.,Faculty of Natural Sciences, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
| | - H Jafari
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of South Africa, UNISA 0003, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Jafari H, Nemati M, Haddad Molayan P, Khaleghi Rostamkolaie L, Hamidi Nejat H. Scolicidal activity of Mesobuthus eupeus venom against the protoscolices of Echinococcus granulosus. Arch Razi Inst 2019; 74:183-189. [PMID: 31232568 DOI: 10.22092/ari.2018.121416.1213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Abstract
Hydatidosis is an important zoonosis caused by a parasitic tapeworm, namely Echinococcus granulosus. This infection is distributed worldwide and affects the health as well as economic loss in both humans and animals. In most cases, the disease needs chemotherapy with or without surgery. Conventional drugs have some major problems, including drug complications, harmful side effects, and also progressive resistance. According to the importance of biological productions as alternative medicine, a large number of studies confirmed that whole venom and many peptide ingredients of the scorpion venom have various different medical benefits, including antimicrobial properties, due to the mechanism of blocking gated ion channel. In this study, the venom peptides of Mesobuthus eupeus scorpionwere purified using gel filtration chromatography and subsequently ion exchange chromatography, followed by the determination of the molecular weights of the proteins by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) procedure. After collecting the hydatid cysts fluids from the liver of infected sheep, protoscolices were derived, washed, and encountered to the whole venom as well as eight different fractions of toxin 30, 60, 120, and 240 min after the exposure. In the next step, the viability of protoscolices was determined by eosin staining. The obtained results revealed that a venom fraction under 10 kDa killed all protoscolices after 30 min. Moreover, it was found that the scolicidal activity of fractions increases according to the time of exposure. As a result, it can be concluded that M. epeus venom peptides under its LD50 (1/2 LD50) can properly and quickly destroy the protoscolices of hydatid cysts at the level of applied concentrations and such components are good alternatives to treat hydatidosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Jafari
- Department of Venomous Animals and Toxins. Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Ahvaz, Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Venomous Animals and Toxins. Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Ahvaz, Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - M Nemati
- Department of Venomous Animals and Toxins. Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Ahvaz, Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - P Haddad Molayan
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - L Khaleghi Rostamkolaie
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - H Hamidi Nejat
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Bagheri R, Nosrati A, Jafari H, Eggenkamp HGM, Mozafari M. Overexploitation hazards and salinization risks in crucial declining aquifers, chemo-isotopic approaches. J Hazard Mater 2019; 369:150-163. [PMID: 30776598 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bastam region is overusing its groundwater resources stocks. The groundwater levels, and hydrogeochemical data during a 14-year period (2002-2016) and isotopic composition (2016) of the 22 groundwater samples were investigated to determine the hydrogeological regime of Bastam Plain and identify the geochemical processes that control the groundwater quality. This plain is situated in a semi-arid region of northern Iran, mainly recharging from the carbonate Mountains in the north and southwest. In general, overexploitation of the groundwater due to low precipitation and changing precipitation regime has destructive effects on the hydrogeological setting and flow regime of Bastam crucial aquifer, including the decline of the groundwater level with rate of 0.9 m/year, water storage deficit of 17.32 Mm3/year and consequently, the intrusion of saline water towards the aquifer from the western and eastern salty plains. Based on the EC values, the groundwater samples divided into three groups of fresh waters with EC < 1000 μS/cm and Ca-Mg-HCO3 water type which are located in the recharge zones, semi-saline waters (1000 < EC < 2500 μS/cm) with Na-Mg-Cl-SO4 type at the center and saline waters with EC values more than 2500 μS/cm and Na-Cl type in the eastern and western parts of the plain. A few groundwater samples (group 2) fall on the mixing line between fresh and saline water in Piper diagram during the saline water intrusion, but most of the samples depart from this mixing line, indicating water-rock interactions in this area, resulting in deficit of Na+ and surplus of Ca2+ concentration. The fresh water samples cluster along the local meteoric water line in δ18O and δ2H relationships, suggesting an integrative and rapid recharge with meteoric water. Hydrochemical and isotopic characteristics indicate that invasion of the saline water resulted from halite dissolution with minor evaporation in the surrounding salty playas is the main origin for the increasing salinity in the Bastam aquifer. The salinization risks limit the groundwater withdrawals from Bastam aquifer in some areas, threatening the future sustainable development of the region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Bagheri
- Faculty of Earth Sciences, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran.
| | - A Nosrati
- Faculty of Earth Sciences, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
| | - H Jafari
- Faculty of Earth Sciences, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
| | - H G M Eggenkamp
- Universität Tübingen, FB Geowissenschaften, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - M Mozafari
- School of Geology, College of Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Jafari H. Retraction of the original article "Persian version of thirst distress scale (TDS) in patients on hemodialysis: Factor structure and psychometric properties. Clin Nephrol 2019:18162. [PMID: 30834887 DOI: 10.5414/cn109406retract] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Retraction of the original article "Persian version of thirst distress scale (TDS) in patients on hemodialysis: Factor structure and psychometric properties" by Amir Hossein Goudarzian, Azar Jafari, Belgüzar Kara, Mozhgan Taebi, and Hedayat Jafari in Clinical Nephrology,Vol 91 - No. 2/2019, pp 72 - 78. doi: 10.5414/CN109406: Dear Editor in Chief, When our article was published in volume 91, No 2 (February, 2019) of this journal, we found that a statistical mistake had occurred. We found that data that was input in SPSS is from another questionnaire (that was not related to this study). Thus, the results were wrong. The study will have to be run again. We regret this error and decision to retract this article. Sincerely,Hedayat Jafari on behalf of all authors.
Collapse
|
27
|
Alipanahi Z, Fatahnia F, Jafari H, Taasoli G, Mirzaei-Alamouti H, Barrett D, Pormalekshahi A. Effect of oak acorn with or without polyethylene glycol in diets containing extruded soybean on milk fatty acid profile, ruminal fermentation and plasma metabolites of lactating goats. Livest Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
28
|
Latifnejad Roudsari R, Jafari H, Taghipour A. The relationship of sociocultural beliefs and infertile couples' attitude toward reproductive donation: A descriptive-correlational study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2018; 17. [PMID: 31435614 PMCID: PMC6653494 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v17i5.4599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There are controversial views on accepting a reproductive donation in the world. Objective This study aimed to determine the relationship between the sociocultural beliefs and infertile couples' attitude toward reproductive donation in Mashhad, Iran. Materials and Methods This descriptive correlational study was conducted out on 115 infertile couples visiting Milad Infertility Center in Mashhad, Iran with using convenience sampling. The research instruments were valid and reliable sociocultural beliefs and attitude questionnaires, which were completed by the respondents on a self-report basis. Results The mean score of attitude toward reproductive donation in infertile women and men was 58.3 ± 12.6 and 57.8 ± 12.0, and the mean score of sociocultural beliefs in infertile women and men was 67.7 ± 11.5 and 67.6 ± 12.4, respectively. There was a direct correlation between sociocultural beliefs and attitude toward reproductive donation in infertile women (p < 0.001) and men (p < 0.001), that is, women and men with a higher score of sociocultural beliefs had a higher score of attitude as well. A direct correlation was also seen between sociocultural beliefs and infertile women and men's public attitude, their attitude towards genetic bound between parents and children, their attitude regarding the issue of confidentiality of the donation process, as well as attitude in relation to oocyte donation, embryo donation, and surrogacy (p < 0.001). Conclusion The findings suggest that sociocultural beliefs that surround reproductive donation could influence infertile couple's attitude toward accepting these therapeutic alternatives in infertile couples. It is therefore recommended to take steps to incorporate sociocultural beliefs into the routine care of infertile couples with the help of social media to give them ability for making more pragmatic decision in relation to their chosen options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamideh Jafari
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Taghipour
- Social Determinants of Health, Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Jafari H, Fatahnia F, Khatibjoo A, Taasoli G, Fazaeli H, Varmaghany S. Effect of oak (Quercus persica) acorn level on apparent digestibility, ruminal fermentation, nitrogen balance and urinary purine derivatives in pregnant goats. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2018; 102:882-891. [PMID: 29740883 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of dietary oak (Quercus persica) acorn (OA) level on dry matter intake (DMI), apparent nutrient digestibility, nitrogen (N) utilization, ruminal fermentation, protozoa population and urinary purine derivatives (PD) during the last 60 days of goat pregnancy. Twenty-four multiparous pregnant goats (41.7 ± 2.3 kg BW) were assigned to one of three experimental diets consisted of control diet (C, without OA) and diets containing 20 (OA20 ) or 40 g/100 g of OA (OA40 ) on a DM basis in a completely randomized block design. Goats fed OA40 had lower DMI (p < .01), DM (p < .01), OM (p < .01) and NDF (p < .05) digestibility, ruminal NH3 -N concentration (p < .01), N intake (p < .01) and N retention (p < .01). Crude protein digestibility and ruminal acetate and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration were lower in animals fed OA-contained diets (p < .01), whereas ruminal propionate concentration was higher in goats fed the C diet (p < .01). Animals fed OA40 had higher faecal N excretion and lower urinary N excretion (p < .01). Urinary PD was lower in goats fed diets containing OA in relation to those fed the C diet (p < .01). Total protozoa population decreased linearly with increasing OA level in the diet (p < .05). These results suggest that feeding OA, especially high level, has negative impacts on DMI, nutrient digestibility, VFA concentration, N retention and urinary PD excretion that may have adverse effects on metabolism and performance of pregnant goats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Jafari
- Animal Science Research Department, Ilam Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Ilam, Iran.,Department of Animal Science, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| | - F Fatahnia
- Department of Animal Science, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| | - A Khatibjoo
- Department of Animal Science, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| | - G Taasoli
- Department of Animal Science, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
| | - H Fazaeli
- Animal Science Research Institute of Iran, AREEO, Karaj, Iran
| | - S Varmaghany
- Animal Science Research Department, Ilam Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Ilam, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
|
31
|
Nejadtaghi M, Jafari H, Farrokhi E, Samani KG. Familial Colorectal Cancer Type X (FCCTX) and the correlation with various genes-A systematic review. Curr Probl Cancer 2017; 41:388-397. [PMID: 29096939 DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Familial Colorectal Cancer Type X (FCCTX) is a type of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer in accordance to Amsterdam criteria-1 for Lynch syndrome, with no related mutation in mismatch repair gene. FCCTX is microsatellite stable and is accounted for 40% of families with Amsterdam criteria-1 with a high age of onset. Thus, the carcinogenesis of FCCTX is different compared to Lynch syndrome. In addition to the microsatellite stability and the presence of less predominant tumors in proximal colon, various clinical features have also been associated with FCCTX in comparison with Lynch syndrome such as no increased risk of extra-colonic cancers, older age of diagnosis and higher adenoma/carcinoma rate. Genetic etiology of this type of cancer which is autosomal dominant is unknown. In this review, we focus on the genes and their variants identified in this type of CRC. In order to find out the correlation between FCCTX and various genes database such as PubMed and PMC, search engine such as Google scholar and portals such as Springer and Elsevier have been searched. Based on our literature search, several studies suggest that FCCTX is a heterogeneous type of disease with different genetic variants. Recent studies describe the correlation between FCCTX and genes such as BRCA2, SEMA4, NTS, RASSF9, GALNT12, KRAS, BRAF, APC, BMPR1A, and RPS20. Considering the fact that BRCA2 has the highest mutation rate (60%) and is one of the most crucial DNA repair genes, it will be considered as a big role player in this type of cancer in comparison with other genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Nejadtaghi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Science, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hamideh Jafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Science, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Effat Farrokhi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Science, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Keihan Ghatreh Samani
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Science, Shahrekord, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Jafari H, Pirmohamadi S. The Bayesian D-optimal design for simple beta regression model in two cases (both known and unknown nuisance parameter). J STAT COMPUT SIM 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00949655.2016.1257622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
33
|
Rezazadeh M, Jafari H, Feghhi S, Omidi Z, Gholamzadeh Z. Optimization study of some neutron imaging parameters in a reactor based neutron radiography facility. Progress in Nuclear Energy 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pnucene.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
34
|
Jafari H, Feghhi S, Boorboor S. The effect of interface trapped charge on threshold voltage shift estimation for gamma irradiated MOS device. RADIAT MEAS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
35
|
Khatibi A, Sharpe L, Jafari H, Gholami S, Dehghani M. Interpretation biases in chronic pain patients: an incidental learning task. Eur J Pain 2014; 19:1139-47. [DOI: 10.1002/ejp.637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Khatibi
- Laboratory of Research on Neuropsychology of Pain; University of Montreal; Canada
- Rehabilitation Research Centre; Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty; Iran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - L. Sharpe
- School of Psychology; Clinical Psychology Unit F12; The University of Sydney; Australia
| | - H. Jafari
- Rehabilitation Research Centre; Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty; Iran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Research Group on Health Psychology; University of Leuven (KU Leuven); Belgium
| | - S. Gholami
- Rehabilitation Research Centre; Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty; Iran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - M. Dehghani
- Family Research Institute; Shahid Beheshti University (G.C.); Tehran Iran
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abbasi M, Dehghani M, Keefe FJ, Jafari H, Behtash H, Shams J. Spouse-assisted training in pain coping skills and the outcome of multidisciplinary pain management for chronic low back pain treatment: a 1-year randomized controlled trial. Eur J Pain 2012; 16:1033-43. [PMID: 22337646 DOI: 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2011.00097.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the comparative efficacy of three interventions: a spouse-assisted coping skills training protocol for patients undergoing a multidisciplinary pain management programme (SA-MPMP), conventional patient-oriented multidisciplinary pain management programme (P-MPMP) and standard medical care (SMC). Thirty-six chronic low back pain (CLBP) patients and their spouses were randomly assigned to one of the three conditions. The SA-MPMP condition consisted of seven, weekly, 2-h, group sessions of training in dyadic pain coping and couple skills, delivered by a clinical psychologist with support of a multidisciplinary team of specialists, to patients together with their spouses. P-MPMP consisted of the SA-MPMP training delivered to the patient only (i.e., no spouse participation and assistance). The SMC condition entailed continuation of routine treatment, entailing medical care only. Data analysis revealed that, at the 12-month follow-up time point, patients receiving SA-MPMP had significant improvements in kinesiophobia and rumination about pain compared to those receiving P-MPMP and SMC. In patients suffering from CLBP, an intervention that combines spouse-assisted coping skills training with a multidisciplinary pain management programme can improve fear of movement and rumination about low back pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Abbasi
- Family Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, GC, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Roudsari RL, Jafari H, Taghipour A, Khadem N, Ebrahimzadeh S. P2-63 How socio-cultural and religious beliefs influence attitudes of Iranian recipient couples towards assisted reproductive donation procedures. Br J Soc Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976h.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
38
|
Nasiri E, Vahedi M, Jafari H, Nasiri R. Comparison of chest compression to ventilation outcome ratio during basic life support and CPR in 2009. Pak J Biol Sci 2011; 13:1006-10. [PMID: 21319460 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2010.1006.1010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of a 40:2, 15:2 versus 30:2 Compression: Ventilation (C:V) ratio on rate of Chest Compression (CC), rescuer fatigue and satisfaction. We measured the BP and pulse. Fifty three persons performed BLS and CPR using C:V of 15:2, 30:2 and 40:2 on an adult resuscitation lardal manikin for 2 min. Two researchers measured the above mentioned variables. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, student's t-test or Mann-Whitney U test between groups. The value of p < 0.05 was considered as significant. The results revealed fatigue after 2 min and satisfaction from the performed technique in the groups differed (p< 0.05). Number of breathing in two minutes was 8.8 +/- 4.7(1-24). Total cardiac massage in 2 min. in the study groups was 131.7 +/- 40.6 (20-265), of this number in 130.6 +/- 40.5 was done correctly. The number of compression per 2 min increased with C:V ratio of 40:2 than to other C:V ratio. Most of participants (71.7%) prefer using 30:2 ratios to achieve the primary goal of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR). The PR and systolic, diastolic BP of rescuers before and 2 min after resuscitation had insignificant difference (p < 0.001) and SBP differed between groups (p < 0.04). Although the rescuers prefer to perform the C:V ratio 30:2, but number of CC is less than standard recommended by AHA. Alternative C:V ratio of 40:2 methods, is equal to the AHA recommended 80 compressions/minute and also highest number of CC is done in 2 min, while, in the other methods is less than the recommended number.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Nasiri
- Department of Anesthesia and Operating Room and Emergency Medical Services, Paramedical Sciences School, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Rainey JJ, Bhatnagar P, Estivariz CF, Durrani S, Galway M, Sandhu H, Bahl S, Jafari H, Wenger J. Providing monovalent oral polio vaccine type 1 to newborns: findings from a pilot birth-dose project in Moradabad district, India. Bull World Health Organ 2009; 87:955-9. [PMID: 20454487 PMCID: PMC2789365 DOI: 10.2471/blt.08.061556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2008] [Revised: 03/10/2009] [Accepted: 03/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Poliovirus transmission remained a public health challenge in western Uttar Pradesh, India in late 2005 and early 2006. In 2006, the India Expert Advisory Group for Polio Eradication concluded that, given the peak incidence of polio among children 6 to 12 months of age, a targeted birth dose of oral polio vaccine may be necessary to interrupt intense poliovirus transmission in high risk areas. APPROACH The Government of Uttar Pradesh, the National Polio Surveillance Project and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) implemented a pilot birth-dose project aimed at identifying and vaccinating all newborns with a dose of oral polio vaccine within 72 hours of birth in an effort to evaluate operational feasibility and potential impact on population immunity. LOCAL SETTING The project was piloted in Moradabad district: zone 7 in Moradabad City (urban setting), Kunderki block (rural setting) and in select birthing hospitals. RELEVANT CHANGES Between July 2006 and February 2007, 9740 newborns were identified, of which 6369 (65%) were vaccinated by project personnel within 72 hours of birth. Project coverage (for total newborns vaccinated) ranged from 39% (in zone 7) to 76% (in Kunderki block) of the estimated number of newborns vaccinated during previous supplemental immunization activities. LESSONS LEARNED Birth-dose coverage among newborns was lower than expected. Expansion costs were estimated to be high, with marginal impact. The project, however, provided opportunities to strengthen newborn tracking systems which have increased the number of newborns and young infants vaccinated during supplemental immunization activities and enrolled in routine programmes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J J Rainey
- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Global Immunization Division,1600 Clifton Road (MS E-05), Atlanta, GA 30333, United States of America.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Jafari H, Lahsaeizadeh S, Jafari P, Karimi M. Quality of life in thalassemia major: reliability and validity of the Persian version of the SF-36 questionnaire. J Postgrad Med 2009; 54:273-5. [PMID: 18953145 DOI: 10.4103/0022-3859.41432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The objective of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of the eight-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire translated into Persian for use in Iranian patients with thalassemia major. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using a standard "forward-backward" translation procedure, the English language version of the questionnaire was translated into Persian. Two hundred patients with thalassemia major following up at the Thalassemia Center, Dastgheib Hospital, Shiraz, Iran, were enrolled in this study. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The reliability and internal consistency of the questionnaire were assessed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient and Spearman's correlation, respectively. Validity was assessed using convergent and discriminant validity. RESULTS The mean age of 200 subjects enrolled in the study was 19.81+/-4.07 years. Reliability analysis showed satisfactory results (Cronbach's a coefficient = 0.915). The factor analysis showed that all items were in the same groups as previous studies with the exception of role emotional and general health that had been substituted. Most of the patients were in lower range of normal for both mental and physical summary status. CONCLUSIONS The study finding showed that the Persian version of SF-36 questionnaire has a good structural characteristic and is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring the quality of life of patients with thalassemia major.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Jafari
- Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Adibi H, Hajipour AR, Jafari H. Metal-free oxidative dehydrogenation of imidazolines and pyrazolines using silica-adsorbed peroxymonosulfate under aprotic and almost neutral conditions. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-008-0112-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
42
|
Karimi M, Lahsaeizadeh S, Jafari H, Salami Z. Prevalence of drug dependence in Beta-Thalassemia major patients and its risk factors. Eur Psychiatry 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2008.01.1071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|
43
|
Dadgar N, Ansari A, Naleo T, Brennan M, Salama P, Sadozai N, Golaz A, Lievano F, Jafari H, Mubarak M, Hoekstra E, Paganini A, Feroz F. Implementation of a mass measles campaign in central Afghanistan, December 2001 to May 2002. J Infect Dis 2003; 187 Suppl 1:S186-90. [PMID: 12721912 DOI: 10.1086/368335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In Afghanistan health services have been disrupted by 23 years of conflict and 1 of 4 children die before age 5 years. Measles accounts for an estimated 35,000 deaths annually. Surveillance data show a high proportion of measles cases (38%) among those >/=5 years old. In areas with complex emergencies, measles vaccination is recommended for those aged 6 months to 12-15 years. From December 2001 to May 2002, Afghan authorities and national and international organizations targeted 1,748,829 children aged 6 months to 12 years in five provinces in central Afghanistan for measles vaccinations. Two provinces reported coverage of >90% and two >80%. Coverage in Kabul city was 62%. A subsequent cluster survey in the city found 91% coverage (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.85-0.91) among children 6-59 months and 88% (95% CI, 0.87-0.95) among those 5-12 years old. Thus, this campaign achieved acceptable coverage despite considerable obstacles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Dadgar
- United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) Afghanistan Country Office, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To report a peculiar observation of a patient who developed a psychomotor inhibition state after a rapid cessation of lamotrigine (LTG). RESULTS This man was referred to us at the age of 26 years for presurgical evaluation. His treatment [valproate (VPA), 1200 mg/day and LTG, 200 mg/day] was quickly decreased and discontinued after 4 days in order to record seizures. Because LTG was ineffective on seizures control, it was decided to stop it definitively. After a few days, he became anhedonic. He had a tremor, a slight tachycardia and an important hyperhydrosis of the hands. He was considered as having a withdrawal reaction to LTG which was confirmed by spontaneous resolution after a few days. CONCLUSIONS Withdrawal syndrome caused by anti-epileptic drugs has been rarely reported. However, in our personal experience of patients monitored for epilepsy surgery, many patients complained of minor reactions when the treatments were quickly decreased. Severe reactions are exceptional and may be explained in this case by the pharmacodynamic effects of LTG. It has indeed been suggested that LTG could have psychostimulant and antidepressive effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ph Gelisse
- Epilepsy Unit, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
The occurrence of motor neuron disease after electrical injury in six patients is reported and compared with patients from the literature. The patients were five men with spinal onset and one woman with bulbar motor neuron disease after electric shock. Two patients were struck by lightning and four by industrial electric shock. For all six of them, the disease started at the site of the electrical trauma. The mean delay for onset of motor neuron disease was 44 months. In four of the spinal patients the disease progressed slowly with mild handicap after several years. For the fifth patient, improvement was noted progressively. The patient with bulbar disease died 26 months after onset. A link between electric shock and motor neuron disease is likely, given the homogenous profile of the patients both in the five spinal cases presented here and in the literature. Bulbar onset has not been reported to date. However, in this patient the long delay between the electrical injury and motor neuron disease, together with the rapid evolution may suggest a chance association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Jafari
- Fédération de Neurologie, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, CHU de Montpellier, 34 295 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
|
47
|
Hennessey KA, Marx A, Hafiz R, Ashgar H, Hadler SC, Jafari H, Sutter RW. Widespread paralytic poliomyelitis in Pakistan: A case-control study to determine risk factors and implications for poliomyelitis eradication. J Infect Dis 2000; 182:6-11. [PMID: 10882575 DOI: 10.1086/315675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/1999] [Revised: 03/01/2000] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite substantial efforts to eradicate poliomyelitis by administering oral poliovirus vaccine through routine immunization and annual national immunization days (NIDs), Pakistan reported 22% (1147) of the worldwide cases in 1997. Reasons for continued high poliomyelitis incidence include failure to vaccinate, vaccine failure, or inadequate immunization strategies. A case-control study was conducted to measure vaccination status and reasons for undervaccination among 66 poliomyelitis cases and 130 age- and neighborhood-matched controls. Cases were undervaccinated through routine immunization (matched odds ratio [MOR], 0.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.1-0.5); however, NID immunization was similar for cases and controls (MOR, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.3-1.2). Reasons for undervaccination included not being informed, considering vaccination unimportant, and long distances to vaccination sites. Failure to vaccinate through routine immunization was a major risk factor for poliomyelitis in Pakistan. Successful NIDs alone will not interrupt poliovirus circulation in Pakistan, and children remain at risk unless routine immunization is strengthened or additional supplementary immunization is provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K A Hennessey
- Vaccine-Preventable Disease Eradication Division (E-nn05), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Tangermann RH, Hull HF, Jafari H, Nkowane B, Everts H, Aylward RB. Eradication of poliomyelitis in countries affected by conflict. Bull World Health Organ 2000; 78:330-8. [PMID: 10812729 PMCID: PMC2560710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The global initiative to eradicate poliomyelitis is focusing on a small number of countries in Africa (Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan) and Asia (Afghanistan, Tajikistan), where progress has been hindered by armed conflict. In these countries the disintegration of health systems and difficulties of access are major obstacles to the immunization and surveillance strategies necessary for polio eradication. In such circumstances, eradication requires special endeavours, such as the negotiation of ceasefires and truces and the winning of increased direct involvement by communities. Transmission of poliovirus was interrupted during conflicts in Cambodia, Colombia, El Salvador, Peru, the Philippines, and Sri Lanka. Efforts to achieve eradication in areas of conflict have led to extra health benefits: equity in access to immunization, brought about because every child has to be reached; the revitalization and strengthening of routine immunization services through additional externally provided resources; and the establishment of disease surveillance systems. The goal of polio eradication by the end of 2000 remains attainable if supplementary immunization and surveillance can be accelerated in countries affected by conflict.
Collapse
|
49
|
Levin B, Antia R, Berllner E, Bloland P, Bonhoeffer S, Cohen M, Derouin T, Fields P, Jafari H, Jernigan D, Lipsitch M, Mcgowan J, Nowak M, Porco T, Sykora P, Simonsen L, Spitznagel J, Tauxe R, Tenover F. Resistance to Antimicrobial Chemotherapy: A Prescription for Research and Action. Am J Med Sci 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9629(15)40282-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
50
|
Levin BR, Antia R, Berliner E, Bloland P, Bonhoeffer S, Cohen M, DeRouin T, Fields PI, Jafari H, Jernigan D, Lipsitch M, McGowan JE, Mead P, Nowak M, Porco T, Sykora P, Simonsen L, Spitznagel J, Tauxe R, Tenover F. Resistance to antimicrobial chemotherapy: a prescription for research and action. Am J Med Sci 1998; 315:87-94. [PMID: 9472907 DOI: 10.1097/00000441-199802000-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The growing problem of resistance to antimicrobial chemotherapy was discussed by participants at the February 1995 workshop at Emory University on population biology, evolution, and control of infectious diseases. They discussed the nature and source of this problem and identified areas of research in which information is lacking for the development of programs to control of the emergence and spread of resistant bacteria. Particular attention was given to theoretical (mathematical modeling) and empirical studies of the within and between-host population biology (epidemiology) and the evolution of microbial resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. Suggestions were made about the kinds of models and data needed, and the procedures that could be employed to stem the ascent and dissemination of resistant bacteria. This article summarizes the observations and recommendations made at the 1995 meeting and in the correspondence between participants that followed. It concludes with an update on the theoretical and empirical research on the between- and within-host population biology and evolution of resistance to antimicrobial chemotherapy most of which has been done since that meeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B R Levin
- Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|