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Liu TH, Xu X, Li LQ, Tan YF, Zhou SQ, Liu S, Long HP, Wang WX, Li J, Liu JK. Two new quinoline alkaloid with neuroprotective activities from Xylaria longipes. Fitoterapia 2024; 175:105930. [PMID: 38554885 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.105930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Two new quinoline alkaloids with an α, β-unsaturated amide side chain, xylarinines A and B (1 and 2), were isolated from the ethyl acetate extracts of Xylaria longipes solid fermentation. The structures of these were primarily determined though NMR and HRESIMS data analysis. The absolute configuration of compound 1 was assigned using experimental and calculated ECD data. The neuroprotective effects of compounds 1 and 2 against glutamate-induced damage in PC12 cells were evaluated in vitro bioassay. The results demonstrated that both compounds significantly improved cell viability, inhibited apoptosis, decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) levels, and reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. These findings suggested that these mechanisms contribute to the neuroprotective effects of the compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao-Hai Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China
| | - Xia Xu
- Department of General Practice, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China
| | - Lan-Qing Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Yu-Fen Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China
| | - Si-Qian Zhou
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410007, PR China
| | - Shao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China
| | - Hong-Ping Long
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Wen-Xuan Wang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China.
| | - Ji-Kai Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
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2
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Li J, Jiang YP, Li LQ, Long HP, Liu HT, Yang R, Liu S, Wang WX, Liu JK. A pair of new chromone enantiomers from Xylaria nigripes. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:128-134. [PMID: 35949107 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2110097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
A pair of new chromone derivative enantiomers, (+)-xylarichromone A (1a) and (-)-xylarichromone A (1b), were isolated from the solid fermentation of Xylaria nigripes. The planar structure of 1 was determined by extensive NMR spectroscopic data, and its absolute configuration was assigned by comparison the ECD spectra with the known chromone derivatives. Compound 1 was the first chromone derivative reported from this medicinal fungus. The neuroprotective effects of 1 against oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) induced pheochromocytoma-12 cells (PC12) injury was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yue-Ping Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Lan-Qing Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hong-Ping Long
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Hai-Tao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Rong Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Shao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Wen-Xuan Wang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Ji-Kai Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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3
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Li J, Tan YF, Zhou SQ, Liu S, Wang WX, Jiang YP, Long HP, Liu JK. Neuroprotective methylsuccinic acid and enoic acid derivatives from the fungus Xylaria longipes. Phytochemistry 2023; 210:113652. [PMID: 36967032 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Three undescribed methylsuccinic acid derivatives, xylaril acids A-C, and two undescribed enoic acid derivatives, xylaril acids D-E, were isolated from the fungus Xylaria longipes. The structures of the undescribed compounds were deduced by spectroscopic means, including HRESIMS and 1D/2D NMR spectroscopy, as well as ECD calculations. The absolute configuration of xylaril acids A was further determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments. All the isolated compounds displayed neuroprotective activities against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion injury in PC12 cells by enhancing cell viability and inhibiting cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China
| | - Yu-Fen Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China
| | - Si-Qian Zhou
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, PR China
| | - Shao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China
| | - Wen-Xuan Wang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, PR China
| | - Yue-Ping Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China.
| | - Hong-Ping Long
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, PR China.
| | - Ji-Kai Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, 430074, PR China.
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Wang J, Wu XQ, Mo JS, Tan YF, Long HP, Zhou SQ, Liu S, Li J, Wang WX. Two pairs of new isobenzofuranone enantiomers from a soil-derived fungus Penicillium canescens DWS225. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37039464 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2198712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Two pairs of new isobenzofuranone derivative enantiomers, (±)-penicifurans E (1) and (±)-penicifurans F (2), together with four know compounds (3-6) were isolated from the solid fermentation of Penicillium canescens DWS225. The structures of these enantiomers were elucidated by extensive NMR spectroscopic data, and their absolute configurations were assigned by the experimental and calculated ECD data. The neuroprotective effects of all the isolates against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion injury in pheochromocytoma-12 cells (PC12) were investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- Hunan Key laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xiao-Qian Wu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- Hunan Key laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Ji-Song Mo
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- Hunan Key laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yu-Fen Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Hong-Ping Long
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Si-Qian Zhou
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Shao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Wen-Xuan Wang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- Hunan Key laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
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5
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Gui R, Wang YK, Wu JP, Deng GM, Cheng F, Zeng HL, Zeng PH, Long HP, Zhang W, Wei XF, Wang WX, Zhu GZ, Ren WQ, Chen ZH, He XA, Xu KP. Cyclocarya paliurus leaves alleviate hyperuricemic nephropathy via modulation of purine metabolism, antiinflammation, and antifibrosis. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
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Tian FM, Yi J, Tang Y, Chen BW, Long HP, Liu YF, Ou-Yang Y, Zhang WJ, Tang RM, Liu BY. A UPLC-Q-TOF/MS and network pharmacology method to explore the mechanism of Anhua fuzhuan tea intervention in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Food Funct 2023; 14:3686-3700. [PMID: 36971300 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02774g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
The possible mechanism by which the active components of Anhua fuzhuan tea act on FAM in NAFLD lesions was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Ming Tian
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, China.
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Road, Changsha, China.
| | - Jian Yi
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, China.
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, 58 Lushan Road, Changsha, China.
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Road, Changsha, China.
| | - Yan Tang
- Yiyang Medical College, 516 Yingbin Road, Yiyang, China.
| | - Bo-Wei Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, China.
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Road, Changsha, China.
| | - Hong-Ping Long
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, China.
| | - Ying-Fei Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, China.
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Road, Changsha, China.
| | - Yin Ou-Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, China.
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Road, Changsha, China.
| | - Wen-Jiang Zhang
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xixian Avenue, Xixian New Area, China.
| | - Rong-Mei Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, China.
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 300 Xueshi Road, Changsha, China.
| | - Bai-Yan Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Road, Changsha, China.
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, 58 Lushan Road, Changsha, China.
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Wang YH, Long HP, Zhang SX, Liu J, Zhao HQ, Yi J, Linga J. Network pharmacology-based and pharmacological evaluation of the effects of Curcumae Radix on cerebral ischemia–Reperfusion injury. World J Tradit Chin Med 2023. [DOI: 10.4103/2311-8571.370154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
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Wang YY, Lu SJ, Gui R, Wu JP, Li J, He XA, Zhang W, Deng GM, Wang WX, Long HP, Wei XF, Zeng GY, Zhang N, Zang SM, Yao Y, Chen ZH, Fei C, Wang YK, Xu KP. Hepatic lipidomics and proteomics analysis reveals the mechanism of Cyclocarya paliurus flavonoids in preventing non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in mice. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Xu J, Wang HH, Long HP, Li X, Wei JY, Wu HW, Yang HJ. [Analysis of absorbed constituents and network pharmacology research of Xiaoer Fupi Granules]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2022; 47:5926-5935. [PMID: 36472012 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20220713.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Xiaoer Fupi Granules, a refined version of the classical prescription Shenling Baizhu Powder, has the effect of invigora-ting spleen, replenishing Qi, harmonizing stomach and resolving accumulation and is commonly used to treat Qi deficiency in spleen and stomach, disordered transportation and transformation, and indigestion of children. However, its medicinal constituents and mechanism remain unclear. We studied the main active constituents and action mechanism of Xiaoer Fupi Granules by integrating network pharmacology and prototype constituent analysis in vivo. This study will help to increase the reliability of database analysis results and lay a foundation for precise medication and mining of quality control markers. On the basis of Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for Molecular mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine(BATMAN-TCM), the "key chemical constituents-target" network was constructed. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap-orbitrap mass spectrometry(UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS) was employed to analyze the absorbed constituents in rat urine and plasma, so as to validate the network. Further, we used BATMAN-TCM to construct the "absorbed constituents-target-pathway" network and explore the functioning mechanism of Xiaoer Fupi Granules. A total of 86 chemical constituents of Xiaoer Fupi Granules were predicted via BATMAN-TCM, among which only 18.6% were detected in rat plasma and urine. Accor-ding to the "absorbed constituents-target-pathway" network, 8 chemical constituents such as stearic acid and caprylic acid capable of regulating gastric acid and insulin secretion may be the critical constituents of Xiaoer Fupi Granules in invigorating spleen and harmonizing stomach. This study identified the critical active constituents and predicted the action mechanism of Xiaoer Fupi Granules, providing the reference for the research on the material basis of Xiaoer Fupi Granules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Huan-Huan Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hong-Ping Long
- the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha 410007, China
| | - Xin Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jun-Ying Wei
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hong-Wei Wu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hong-Jun Yang
- Experimental Research Centre, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700, China
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Li GH, Zhang Y, Wu JP, Wang YY, Deng GM, Zeng HL, He XA, Long HP, Zhu GZ, Chen ZH, Cheng F, Xu KP. Two New C 21 Steroidal Glycosides from Selaginella Braunii Baker. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200767. [PMID: 36098055 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Two new C21 steroidal glycosides, brapreguanes A and B (1-2) were isolated from 75 % aqueous ethanol extract of Selaginella braunii Baker. Their structures were established by spectroscopic analyses (1D/2D NMR spectra and HR-ESI-MS). The absolute configurations of sugar were elucidated by enzymatic hydrolysis and GCMS analysis. In addition, all compounds were evaluated for the anti-proliferative activities against various human cancer cells in vitro. Compounds exhibited no inhibition to various human cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Hua Li
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, P. R. China
- Hunan QingYa Health Service Limited Company, Changsha, 410000, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Ping Wu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, P. R. China
- Hunan QingYa Health Service Limited Company, Changsha, 410000, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Yan Wang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, P. R. China
- Hunan QingYa Health Service Limited Company, Changsha, 410000, P. R. China
| | - Gui-Ming Deng
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Liang Zeng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410013, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ai He
- Haikou People's Hospital and Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou, 570208, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Ping Long
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007, P. R. China
| | - Gang-Zhi Zhu
- Haikou People's Hospital and Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou, 570208, P. R. China
| | - Zu-Hui Chen
- Hunan QingYa Health Service Limited Company, Changsha, 410000, P. R. China
| | - Fei Cheng
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, P. R. China
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410013, P. R. China
| | - Kang-Ping Xu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, P. R. China
- Haikou People's Hospital and Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Haikou, 570208, P. R. China
- Hunan QingYa Health Service Limited Company, Changsha, 410000, P. R. China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, P. R. China
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Zhang W, Li WB, Zou H, Xu KP, Long HP, Li J, Huang Q, Zou ZX, Wang YK, Tan GS. Screening and characterizing the quality markers of Selaginella tamariscina (P. Beauv.) Spring using metabonomics and molecular networking. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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12
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Teng YJ, Deng Z, Ouyang ZG, Zhou Q, Mei S, Fan XX, Wu YR, Long HP, Fang LY, Yin DL, Zhang BY, Guo YM, Zhu WH, Huang Z, Zheng P, Ning DM, Tian XF. Xihuang pills induce apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma by suppressing phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase-B/mechanistic target of rapamycin pathway. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 14:872-886. [PMID: 35582102 PMCID: PMC9048534 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i4.872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase-B/mechanistic target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) signalling pathway is crucial for cell survival, differentiation, apoptosis and metabolism. Xihuang pills (XHP) are a traditional Chinese preparation with antitumour properties. They inhibit the growth of breast cancer, glioma, and other tumours by regulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway. However, the effects and mechanisms of action of XHP in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. Regulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway effectively inhibits the progression of HCC. However, no study has focused on the XHP-associated PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway. Therefore, we hypothesized that XHP might play a role in inhibiting HCC through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway.
AIM To confirm the effect of XHP on HCC and the possible mechanisms involved.
METHODS The chemical constituents and active components of XHP were analysed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). Cell-based experiments and in vivo xenograft tumour experiments were utilized to evaluate the effect of XHP on HCC tumorigenesis. First, SMMC-7721 cells were incubated with different concentrations of XHP (0, 0.3125, 0.625, 1.25, and 2.5 mg/mL) for 12 h, 24 h and 48 h. Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 assay, followed by an assessment of cell migration using a wound healing assay. Second, the effect of XHP on the apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells was evaluated. SMMC-7721 cells were stained with fluorescein isothiocyanate and annexin V/propidium iodide. The number of apoptotic cells and cell cycle distribution were measured using flow cytometry. The cleaved protein and mRNA expression levels of caspase-3 and caspase-9 were detected using Western blotting and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), respectively. Third, Western blotting and RT–qPCR were performed to confirm the effects of XHP on the protein and mRNA expression of components of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway. Finally, the effects of XHP on the tumorigenesis of subcutaneous hepatocellular tumours in nude mice were assessed.
RESULTS The following 12 compounds were identified in XHP using high-resolution mass spectrometry: Valine, 4-gingerol, myrrhone, ricinoleic acid, glycocholic acid, curzerenone, 11-keto-β-boswellic acid, oleic acid, germacrone, 3-acetyl-9,11-dehydro-β-boswellic acid, 5β-androstane-3,17-dione, and 3-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid. The cell viability assay results showed that treatment with 0.625 mg/mL XHP extract decreased HCC cell viability after 12 h, and the effects were dose- and time-dependent. The results of the cell scratch assay showed that the migration of HCC cells was significantly inhibited in a time-dependent manner by the administration of XHP extract (0.625 mg/mL). Moreover, XHP significantly inhibited cell migration and resulted in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Furthermore, XHP downregulated the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway, which activated apoptosis executioner proteins (e.g., caspase-9 and caspase-3). The inhibitory effects of XHP on HCC cell growth were determined in vivo by analysing the tumour xenograft volumes and weights.
CONCLUSION XHP inhibited HCC cell growth and migration by stimulating apoptosis via the downregulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway, followed by the activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3. Our findings clarified that the antitumour effects of XHP on HCC cells are mediated by the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway, revealing that XHP may be a potential complementary therapy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jie Teng
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhe Deng
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhao-Guang Ouyang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510132, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Si Mei
- Department of Physiology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xing-Xing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute For Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Yong-Rong Wu
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hong-Ping Long
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Le-Yao Fang
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Dong-Liang Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Bo-Yu Zhang
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yin-Mei Guo
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Wen-Hao Zhu
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Piao Zheng
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Di-Min Ning
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xue-Fei Tian
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
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Li BS, Li JH, Liang DM, He BX, Ke MZ, Liu Y, Long HP, Dong H. [Epidemiological and etiological characteristics of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains causing foodborne disease outbreaks in Guangdong Province from 2017 to 2020]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 56:443-447. [PMID: 35488540 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20210423-00404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To study the epidemiological and pathogenic characteristics of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from outbreaks cases in Guangdong Province, 2017-2020. Methods: Epidemiological characteristics of 87 outbreak events caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus were analyzed. Strains were serotyped, and then analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results: The food-borne disease outbreak caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus was found in 16 cities. 44.8% (39/87) and 37.9% (33/87) of the outbreaks occurred in hotels, restaurants and school canteens, respectively. Improper food processing and storage (40.2%, 35/87) and cross contamination caused by indiscriminate raw and cooked food (25.3%, 22/87) were the main causes of food-borne disease outbreaks of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The main serotypes of patient derived strains were O3:K6 (87.5%) and O4:KUT (22.5%). The similarity value between O3:K6 type isolates was 65.5%-100.0%, and the PFGE pattern similarity value of O4:KUT type isolates was 66.5%-100.0%. Conclusion: Outbreaks caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus are widely distributed in Guangdong province. It is necessary to strengthen the publicity and education on the correct handling of food in hotels, restaurants, schools, and unit canteens. O3:K6 and O4:KUT serotypes are the main serotypes of the outbreak. There is genetic diversity among the epidemic strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Li
- Institute of Pathogenic Microbiology of Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510000, China Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - J H Li
- Institute of Pathogenic Microbiology of Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510000, China Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - D M Liang
- Institute of Pathogenic Microbiology of Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510000, China Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - B X He
- Institute of Pathogenic Microbiology of Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510000, China Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - M Z Ke
- Institute of Pathogenic Microbiology of Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510000, China Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Y Liu
- Institute of Pathogenic Microbiology of Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510000, China Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - H P Long
- Institute of Pathogenic Microbiology of Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510000, China Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Huobo Dong
- Institute of Pathogenic Microbiology of Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510000, China Guangdong Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, China
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14
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Long HP, Liu J, Xu PS, Xu KP, Li J, Tan GS. Hypoglycemic flavonoids from Selaginella tamariscina (P.Beauv.) Spring. Phytochemistry 2022; 195:113073. [PMID: 34974412 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.113073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Six flavonoids, namely, three undescribed biflavonoids, one undescribed 8-aryl flavonoid, and two known compounds, were isolated from Selaginella tamariscina (P.Beauv.) Spring. The structures and absolute configurations of those undescribed compounds were established by NMR spectroscopy data, HRESIMS analyses and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) analyses. In addition, all the isolates were evaluated for their hypoglycemic activity in HepG2 cells. Involvenflavone H, I, and J significantly increased glucose consumption in both normal and insulin-resistant HepG2 cells. Interestingly, these three compounds can effectively upregulate the protein expression of glucokinase (GCK) and adenylate cyclases (ADCYs). These results suggested that involvenflavone H, I, and J (especially involvenflavone J) may have potent hypoglycemic activity, which also provided promising molecular targets for the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ping Long
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China
| | - Jian Liu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007, PR China
| | - Ping-Sheng Xu
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China
| | - Kang-Ping Xu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China.
| | - Gui-Shan Tan
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, PR China; Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China.
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Deng Z, Teng YJ, Zhou Q, Ouyang ZG, Hu YX, Long HP, Hu MJ, Mei S, Lin FX, Dai XJ, Zhang BY, Feng T, Tian XF. Shuyu pills inhibit immune escape and enhance chemosensitization in hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 13:1725-1740. [PMID: 34853646 PMCID: PMC8603453 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i11.1725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by dysregulation of the immune microenvironment and the development of chemoresistance. Specifically, expression of the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) axis, an immune checkpoint, may lead to tumour immune escape, resulting in disease progression. The latest research shows that tumour immune escape may be caused by the upregulation of PD-L1 mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α), and simultaneous inhibition of HIF-1α and PD-L1 has the potential to enhance the host’s antitumour immunity. Moreover, inhibition of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis may mitigate tumour chemoresistance. Shuyu pills (SYPs) contain immunity-enhancing and antitumour components, making them a potential HCC treatment.
AIM To investigate the efficacy of SYPs for HCC treatment via simultaneous HIF-1α and PD-L1 inhibition and the mechanism involved.
METHODS A subcutaneous xenograft tumour model was first established in BALB/c nude mice by the subcutaneous injection of 1 × 107 SMMC-7721 cells. Male mice (male, 5 weeks old; n = 24) were then randomly divided into the following four groups (n = 6): Control (0.9% normal saline), SYP (200 mg/kg), SYP + cisplatin (DDP) (200 mg/kg + 5 mg/kg DDP weekly via intraperitoneal injection), and DDP (5 mg/kg cisplatin weekly via intraperitoneal injection). The dose of saline or SYPs for the indicated mouse groups was 0.2 mL/d via intragastric administration. The tumour volumes and body weights of the mice were measured every 2 d. The mice were euthanized by cervical dislocation after 14 d of continuous treatment, and the xenograft tissues were excised and weighed. Western blot assays were used to measure the protein expression of HIF-1α, PD1, PD-L1, CD4+ T cells, and CD8+ T cells in HCC tumours from mice. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used for real-time quantitative detection of PD-1, PD-L1, and HIF-1α mRNA expression. An immunofluorescence assay was conducted to examine the expression of CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells.
RESULTS Compared to mice in the control group, those in the SYP and SYP + DDP groups exhibited reduced tumour volumes and tumour weights. Moreover, the protein and mRNA expression levels of the oncogene HIF1α and that of the negative immunomodulatory factors PD-1 and PD-L1 were decreased in both the SYP and SYP + DDP groups, with the decrease effects being more prominent in the SYP + DDP group than in the SYP group (HIF-1α protein: Control vs SYP, P = 0.0129; control vs SYP + DDP, P = 0.0004; control vs DDP, P = 0.0152, SYP + DDP vs DDP, P = 0.0448; HIF-1α mRNA: control vs SYP, P = 0.0009; control vs SYP + DDP, P < 0.0001; control vs DDP, P = 0.0003, SYP vs SYP + DDP, P = 0.0192. PD-1 protein: Control vs SYP, P = 0.0099; control vs SYP + DDP, P < 0.0001, SPY vs SYP + DDP, P = 0.0009; SYP + DDP vs DDP, P < 0.0001; PD-1 mRNA: control vs SYP, P = 0.0002; control vs SYP + DDP, P < 0.0001; control vs DDP, P = 0.0003, SPY vs SYP + DDP, P = 0.0003; SYP + DDP vs DDP, P = 0.0002. PD-L1 protein: control vs SYP, P < 0.0001; control vs SYP + DDP, P < 0.0001; control vs DDP, P < 0.0001, SPY vs SYP + DDP, P = 0.0040; SYP + DDP vs DDP, P = 0.0010; PD-L1 mRNA: Control vs SYP, P < 0.0001; control vs SYP + DDP, P < 0.0001; control vs DDP, P < 0.0001, SPY vs SYP + DDP, P < 0.0001; SYP + DDP vs DDP, P = 0.0014). Additionally, the quantitative and protein expression levels of CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells were simultaneously upregulated in the SYP + DDP group, whereas only the expression of CD4+ T cells was upregulated in the SYP group. (CD4+ T cell quantitative: Control vs SYP + DDP, P < 0.0001, SYP vs SYP + DDP, P = 0.0005; SYP + DDP vs DDP, P = 0.0002. CD4+ T cell protein: Control vs SYP, P = 0.0033; Control vs SYP + DDP, P < 0.0001; Control vs DDP, P = 0.0021, SYP vs SYP + DDP, P = 0.0004; SYP + DDP vs DDP, P = 0.0006. Quantitative CD8+ T cells: Control vs SYP + DDP, P = 0.0013; SYP vs SYP + DDP, P = 0.0347; SYP + DDP vs DDP, P = 0.0043. CD8+ T cell protein: Control vs SYP + DDP, P < 0.0001; SYP vs SYP + DDP, P < 0.0001; SYP + DDP vs DDP, P < 0.0001). Finally, expression of HIF-1α was positively correlated with that of PD-1/PD-L1 and negatively correlated with the expression of CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells.
CONCLUSION SYPs inhibit immune escape and enhance chemosensitization in HCC via simultaneous inhibition of HIF-1α and PD-L1, thus inhibiting the growth of subcutaneous xenograft HCC tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Deng
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yong-Jie Teng
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhao-Guang Ouyang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510132, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yu-Xing Hu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hong-Ping Long
- Experiment Center of Medical Innovation, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Mei-Jie Hu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Si Mei
- Department of Physiology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Feng-Xia Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Group, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518133, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xin-Jun Dai
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Bo-Yu Zhang
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ting Feng
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xue-Fei Tian
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Formulas and Zheng of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
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Li J, Li LQ, Long HP, Liu J, Jiang YP, Xue Y, Wang WX, Tan GS, Gong ZC, Liu JK. Xylarinaps A-E, five pairs of naphthalenone derivatives with neuroprotective activities from Xylaria nigripes. Phytochemistry 2021; 186:112729. [PMID: 33721798 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Five pairs of undescribed naphthalenone derivative enantiomers, xylarinaps A-E, including one pair of indole naphthalenones and four pairs of naphthalene-naphthalenone dimers, were isolated from the ethyl acetate extracts of the solid fermentation of Xylaria nigripes, which has been used as a traditional Chinese medicinal fungus for the treatment of insomnia, trauma, and depression. The structures of these enantiomers were elucidated based on comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, including NMR and HRESIMS. Their absolute configurations were assigned by the experimental and calculated ECD data. The neuroprotective effects of all the compounds against damage to PC12 cells by oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) were evaluated by an in vitro bioassay. The results revealed that xylarinaps A, B, D, and E significantly enhanced cell viability, decreased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), increased the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), as well as further markedly inhibiting apoptosis, which indicated that these results could be the mode of action of their neuroprotective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China.
| | - Lan-Qing Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Hong-Ping Long
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, PR China
| | - Jian Liu
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, PR China
| | - Yue-Ping Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China
| | - Ying Xue
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China
| | - Wen-Xuan Wang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, PR China
| | - Gui-Shan Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China; Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, PR China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China.
| | - Ji-Kai Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, PR China.
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Zhao HQ, Liu J, Meng P, Yang H, Lin XY, Long HP, Yu XM, Wang YH. [Effect of Baihe Dihuang Decoction on synaptic plasticity of hippocampus in rats with anxious depression]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2021; 46:1205-1210. [PMID: 33787116 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20201221.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To explore the effect of Baihe Dihuang Decoction on the synaptic plasticity of hippocampal neurons in rats with anxious depression. Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, venlafaxine group(6.75 mg·kg~(-1)), high-dose Baihe Dihuang Decoction group(8.64 g·kg~(-1)) and low-dose Baihe Dihuang Decoction group(4.32 g·kg~(-1)). Chronic restraint stress(6 h) combined with corticosterone(ih, 30 mg·kg~(-1)) was used to establish an anxious depression model, and 7 days after modeling, the administration started and continued for 21 days. The anxiety and depression-like behaviors of the rats were evaluated. Golgi-Cox staining and electron microscopy were used to observe the morphology and ultrastructural changes of synaptic dendrites. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of hippocampal synaptic plasticity protein synapsin-1 and postsynaptic density protein 95(PSD-95). Western blot method was used to detect the expression of functional protein synaptophysin(SYP) and synaptic Ras GTPase activating protein(SynGap). The results showed that the rats in the model group had obvious anxiety and depression-like behaviors, the hip-pocampal dendritic spine density and branch length were reduced, the number of synapses was cut, and the internal structure was da-maged. The average fluorescence intensity of synapsin-1 and PSD-95 was significantly reduced and the expression of SYP and SynGap also decreased. High-dose Baihe Dihuang Decoction could significantly improve the anxiety and depression-like behaviors of model rats, relieve synaptic damage, and increase the expression of synapsin-1, PSD-95, SYP, and SynGap proteins. Therefore, we believe that Baihe Dihuang Decoction can improve anxiety and depression behaviors by regulating the synaptic plasticity of hippocampal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Qing Zhao
- Science and Technology Innovation Center/State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Chinese Medicine Powder and Innovative Medicine,Hunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha 410208,China
| | - Jian Liu
- Central Laboratory,the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha 410007,China
| | - Pan Meng
- Science and Technology Innovation Center/State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Chinese Medicine Powder and Innovative Medicine,Hunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha 410208,China
| | - Hui Yang
- Central Laboratory,the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha 410007,China
| | - Xiao-Yuan Lin
- Central Laboratory,the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha 410007,China
| | - Hong-Ping Long
- Central Laboratory,the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha 410007,China
| | - Xi-Ming Yu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center/State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Chinese Medicine Powder and Innovative Medicine,Hunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha 410208,China
| | - Yu-Hong Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center/State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Chinese Medicine Powder and Innovative Medicine,Hunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha 410208,China
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Abstract
Four new resorcinol derivatives, namely (-)/(+)-xylarinig A (1), as well as xylarinigs B (2) and C (3), were isolated from the ethyl acetate extracts of the solid fermentation of Xylaria nigripes. Their structures were established by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis combined with electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compound 1 is an optical mixture, and was resoluted into optical pure enatiomers (+)-1 and (-)-1 by chiral HPLC. The neuroprotective effects of 1-3 against the damage of PC12 cells induced by oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Qing Li
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Hong-Ping Long
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Ji-Kai Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Xian Wang
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
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Xie Y, Yao XC, Tan LH, Long HP, Xu PS, Li J, Tan GS. Trichocladabiflavone A, a chalcone-flavonone type biflavonoid from Selaginella trichoclada Alsto. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:1797-1802. [PMID: 32924604 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1817920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A chalcone-flavonone type biflavonoid, trichocladabiflavone A (1), along with eight known biflavonoids (2-9) were isolated from the 70% EtOH extract of Selaginella trichoclada. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses. Compound 1 was the first chalcone-flavonone type biflavonoid reported in the genus Selaginella. Moreover, compound 1 exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against DU145, MCF-7 and PC3 human cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xie
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Xiao-Chang Yao
- National Institution of Drug Clinical Trial, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Lei-Hong Tan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, PR China
| | - Hong-Ping Long
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, PR China
| | - Ping-Sheng Xu
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Gui-Shan Tan
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
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Li J, Tan LH, Zou H, Zou ZX, Long HP, Wang WX, Xu PS, Liu LF, Xu KP, Tan GS. Palhinosides A-H: Flavone Glucosidic Truxinate Esters with Neuroprotective Activities from Palhinhaea cernua. J Nat Prod 2020; 83:216-222. [PMID: 31994397 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Palhinosides A-H (1-8), new flavone glucosidic truxinate esters, including β-truxinate and μ-truxinate forms, were isolated from Palhinhaea cernua. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods and chemical analyses. The flavone glucoside cyclodimers possess a unique cyclobutane ring in their carbon scaffolds. Compounds 2-7 represent three pairs of stereoisomers (2/3, 4/5, 6/7). The protective effects of 1-8 against the damage of HT-22 cells induced by l-glutamate were evaluated, and compounds 4 and 5 showed better neuroprotective effects than the positive control, Trolox.
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Long HP, Lin XY, Wang YH, Ren WQ, Shao L, Zhang W, Tan YS. [Explore mechanism of Compound Uncaria Hypotensive Tablet for hypertension based on network pharmacology]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2018; 43:1360-1365. [PMID: 29728024 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20180115.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This paper aimed to predict the active ingredients and action targets of Compound Uncaria Hypotensive Tablet for hypertension based on network pharmacology, and discuss its possible "multi-components, multi-targets, and multi-pathways" mechanism for treatment of hypertension. The integrative pharmacological platform of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM-IP) was used to construct the component target-disease target network of Compound Uncaria Hypotensive Tablet, and the internet analysis method was used to screen the key nodes, on which the pathway enrichment analysis was carried out to explore its possible biological process in the treatment of hypertension. Target network analysis showed that, 35 predicted active ingredients of Compound Uncaria Hypotensive Tablet had a strong interaction with the prostaglandin endogenous peroxidase synthase (PTGS1, PTGS2), ATP synthetase (ATP1A1, ATP5A1, ATP5C1, ATP5B) and other 29 major proteins. Network enriched analysis showed that Compound Uncaria Hypotensive Tablet participated in the regulation of hypertension in different processes of pathology, through 15 pathways such as regulating blood pressure, G protein coupled receptor activation, adrenergic myocardial cell signal transduction and platelet activation. This study revealed the potential active compounds and possible mechanism of Compound Uncaria Hypotensive Tablet for treatment of hypertension, providing theoretical references for further systematic laboratory experiments on effective compounds and action mechanism of Compound Uncaria Hypotensive Tablet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ping Long
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Xiao-Yuan Lin
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Yu-Hong Wang
- Training Bases, Hunan Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica Powder and Innovative Drugs Established by Provincial and Ministry, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Wei-Qiong Ren
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Le Shao
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Yuan-Sheng Tan
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
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Li J, Xu KP, Zou ZX, Zou H, Long HP, Tan LH, Liu RH, Wang YK, Xu PS, Tan GS. Two new compounds from the green peel of Juglans mandshurica. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2017; 19:1087-1092. [PMID: 28303722 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2017.1295228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A new cyclic diarylheptanoid (1) and a new flavone glucoside (2), along with seven known compounds, were isolated from the green peel of Juglans mandshurica. Their structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analyses. Moreover, the cytotoxicity against NCI-H460, A549, and K562 cancer cells of compounds 1-6 was evaluated. The results showed that compound 3 exhibited moderate inhibitory potency against the growth of three cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- a Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University , Changsha 410013 , China
| | - Kang-Ping Xu
- a Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University , Changsha 410013 , China
| | - Zhen-Xing Zou
- a Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University , Changsha 410013 , China
| | - Hui Zou
- a Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University , Changsha 410013 , China
| | - Hong-Ping Long
- c The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine , Changsha 410007 , China
| | - Lei-Hong Tan
- a Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University , Changsha 410013 , China
| | - Rui-Huan Liu
- a Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University , Changsha 410013 , China
| | - Yi-Kun Wang
- a Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University , Changsha 410013 , China
| | - Ping-Sheng Xu
- b Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changsha 410008 , China
| | - Gui-Shan Tan
- a Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University , Changsha 410013 , China
- b Xiangya Hospital of Central South University , Changsha 410008 , China
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Wang XL, Gao J, Li J, Long HP, Xu PS, Xu KP, Tan GS. Three new isobenzofuranone derivatives from the fruiting bodies of Hericium erinaceus. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2017; 19:134-139. [PMID: 27243466 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2016.1183653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Three new isobenzofuranone derivatives erinaceolactones D-F (1-3), together with four known ones (4-7), were isolated from the fruiting bodies of Hericium erinaceus. Their structures were determined on the basis of comprehensive spectroscopic analyses including UV, 1D, 2D NMR and HR-TOF-MS. The absolute configuration of erinaceolactone D (1) and erinaceolactone E (2) were assigned by comparing their specific rotation with those of analogs in literatures. The four known compounds were isomers with each other and were isolated simultaneously for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Li Wang
- a School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Central South University , Changsha 410013 , China
| | - Jie Gao
- a School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Central South University , Changsha 410013 , China
| | - Jing Li
- a School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Central South University , Changsha 410013 , China
| | - Hong-Ping Long
- c The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine , Changsha 410007 , China
| | - Ping-Sheng Xu
- b Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha 410008 , China
| | - Kang-Ping Xu
- a School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Central South University , Changsha 410013 , China
| | - Gui-Shan Tan
- a School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Central South University , Changsha 410013 , China
- b Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha 410008 , China
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Wang XL, Xu KP, Long HP, Zou H, Cao XZ, Zhang K, Hu JZ, He SJ, Zhu GZ, He XA, Xu PS, Tan GS. New isoindolinones from the fruiting bodies of Hericium erinaceum. Fitoterapia 2016; 111:58-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2016.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Abstract
Six new flavonoids, involvenflavones A-F (1-6), were isolated from Selaginella involven. Their structures were elucidated based on UV, IR, 1D and 2D NMR as well as HR-ESI-MS techniques. All compounds belong to apigenin derivatives with 3'-aryl substituent. This is the first report of the apigenin derivatives with 3'-aryl substituent from nature resources. These compounds also exhibited a potent effect against the injury of human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVECs) induced by high concentrations of glucose in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ping Long
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, PR China
| | - Hui Zou
- The Medical College of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, PR China
| | - Fu-Shuang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, PR China
| | - Ping Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, PR China
| | - Zhen-Xing Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, PR China
| | - Chang-Ping Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, PR China
| | - Kang-Ping Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, PR China.
| | - Gui-Shan Tan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, PR China; Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, PR China.
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Long HP, Li FS, Xu KP, Yang ZB, Li J, Peng J, Tan GS. Bioactive compounds from Selaginella involven Spring that protect PC-12 cells. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2014.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zou H, Xu KP, Li FS, Zou ZX, Long HP, Li G, Wang H, Tan GS. Uncinataflavone, a new flavonoid with a methyl benzoate substituent from Selaginella uncinata. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2013; 15:408-412. [PMID: 23464739 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2013.771345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Uncinataflavone (1), a new flavonoid, together with four known compounds (2-5), was isolated from Selaginella uncinata (Desv.) Spring. Compounds 2 and 3 were isolated from the genus selaginella for the first time. The structure of the new compound was determined as methyl 3-(5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-chromen-6-yl)-4-methoxybenzoate by means of spectroscopic evidence, including UV, IR, 1D and 2D NMR analyses as well as HR-ESI-MS. These compounds (1-5) were evaluated for the antioxidant activity in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
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Zou H, Xu KP, Zou ZX, Long HP, Wang H, Li FS, Li J, Kuang JW, Li G, Tan GS. A new flavonoid with 6-phenyl substituent from Selaginella uncinata. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2013; 15:84-88. [PMID: 23323647 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2012.745515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A new flavonoid, 6-(5-acetyl-2-methoxyphenyl)-apigenin (1), together with nine known compounds (2-10), was isolated from Selaginella uncinata (Desv.) Spring. This is the first report of the spectroscopic data of compound 3. Compound 2 was first reported from this species. The structure of the new compound was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidence, including 1D and 2D NMR as well as HR-EI-MS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
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Xu KP, Zou H, Liu GR, Long HP, Li J, Li FS, Zou ZX, Kuang JW, Xie X, Tan GS. Selaginellin M, a new selaginellin derivative from Selaginella pulvinata. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2011; 13:1051-1055. [PMID: 21985670 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2011.617304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A new selaginellin derivative, selaginellin M (1), together with one known compound, selaginellin E (2), was isolated from Selaginella pulvinata. The structure of the new compound was elucidated and named as (R,S)-4-((4'-hydroxy-4-((2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl))-3-((4-hydroxyphenyl)ethynyl)biphenyl-2-yl)(4-hydroxyphenyl)methylene)cyclohexa-2,5-dienone on the basis of the spectroscopic data including UV, IR, 1D, and 2D NMR as well as HR-ESI-MS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang-Ping Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
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Giao PT, Binh TQ, Kager PA, Long HP, Van Thang N, Van Nam N, de Vries PJ. Artemisinin for treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria: is there a place for monotherapy? Am J Trop Med Hyg 2001; 65:690-5. [PMID: 11791958 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2001.65.690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of artemisinin monotherapy was studied in 227 patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria. They all received artemisinin at t = 0 hr, t = 8 hr, and thereafter once daily; treatment was extended at random until they had taken either 5 days of artemisinin followed by 2 days of placebo (A5), or 7 days (A7) of artemisinin. The adult artemisinin dose was 500 mg; children aged < 15 years received 10 mg/kg per dose. The median (range) parasite clearance time was 39 (8-112) hr for A5 and 43 (38-104) hr for A7 (P = 0.085). The recrudescence rates were similar between the groups. The lowest parasite count achieved during treatment (Pterm) was associated with the occurrence of recrudescence (P = 0.046, Cox regression model); it was lower for patients with a radical cure or late recrudescence than for early recrudescence (P = 0.034, t-test). Artemisinin monotherapy may offer rapid recovery and fast parasite clearance, but recrudescence is frequent. Extending the duration of monotherapy from 5 days to 7 days does not reduce recrudescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- P T Giao
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and AIDS, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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