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Yang Z, Chen H, Yin S, Mo H, Chai F, Luo P, Li Y, Ma L, Yi Z, Sun Y, Chen Y, Wu J, Wang W, Yin T, Zhu J, Shi C, Zhang F. PGR-KITLG signaling drives a tumor-mast cell regulatory feedback to modulate apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2024; 589:216795. [PMID: 38556106 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The immune microenvironment constructed by tumor-infiltrating immune cells and the molecular phenotype defined by hormone receptors (HRs) have been implicated as decisive factors in the regulation of breast cancer (BC) progression. Here, we found that the infiltration of mast cells (MCs) informed impaired prognoses in HR(+) BC but predicted improved prognoses in HR(-) BC. However, molecular features of MCs in different BC remain unclear. We next discovered that HR(-) BC cells were prone to apoptosis under the stimulation of MCs, whereas HR(+) BC cells exerted anti-apoptotic effects. Mechanistically, in HR(+) BC, the KIT ligand (KITLG), a major mast cell growth factor in recruiting and activating MCs, could be transcriptionally upregulated by the progesterone receptor (PGR), and elevate the production of MC-derived granulin (GRN). GRN attenuates TNFα-induced apoptosis in BC cells by competitively binding to TNFR1. Furthermore, disruption of PGR-KITLG signaling by knocking down PGR or using the specific KITLG-cKIT inhibitor iSCK03 potently enhanced the sensitivity of HR(+) BC cells to MC-induced apoptosis and exerted anti-tumor activity. Collectively, these results demonstrate that PGR-KITLG signaling in BC cells preferentially induces GRN expression in MCs to exert anti-apoptotic effects, with potential value in developing precision medicine approaches for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Yang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, 401147, China; Graduate School of Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Hongdan Chen
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Supeng Yin
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Hongbiao Mo
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Fan Chai
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Le Ma
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ziying Yi
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Yizeng Sun
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Weihua Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Tingjie Yin
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Junping Zhu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Chunmeng Shi
- Institute of Rocket Force Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, 401147, China; Graduate School of Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Yuan Y, Pan B, Mo H, Wu X, Long Z, Yang Z, Zhu J, Ming J, Qiu L, Sun Y, Yin S, Zhang F. Deep learning-based computer-aided diagnosis system for the automatic detection and classification of lateral cervical lymph nodes on original ultrasound images of papillary thyroid carcinoma: a prospective diagnostic study. Endocrine 2024:10.1007/s12020-024-03808-1. [PMID: 38570388 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03808-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to develop a deep learning-based computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for the automatic detection and classification of lateral cervical lymph nodes (LNs) on original ultrasound images of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients. METHODS A retrospective data set of 1801 cervical LN ultrasound images from 1675 patients with PTC and a prospective test set including 185 images from 160 patients were collected. Four different deep leaning models were trained and validated in the retrospective data set. The best model was selected for CAD system development and compared with three sonographers in the retrospective and prospective test sets. RESULTS The Deformable Detection Transformer (DETR) model showed the highest diagnostic efficacy, with a mean average precision score of 86.3% in the retrospective test set, and was therefore used in constructing the CAD system. The detection performance of the CAD system was superior to the junior sonographer and intermediate sonographer with accuracies of 86.3% and 92.4% in the retrospective and prospective test sets, respectively. The classification performance of the CAD system was better than all sonographers with the areas under the curve (AUCs) of 94.4% and 95.2% in the retrospective and prospective test sets, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study developed a Deformable DETR model-based CAD system for automatically detecting and classifying lateral cervical LNs on original ultrasound images, which showed excellent diagnostic efficacy and clinical utility. It can be an important tool for assisting sonographers in the diagnosis process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuquan Yuan
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Graduate School of Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Pan
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Graduate School of Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongbiao Mo
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xing Wu
- College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhaoxin Long
- College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zeyu Yang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Graduate School of Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junping Zhu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Ming
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Qiu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiceng Sun
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Supeng Yin
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China.
- Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China.
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China.
- Graduate School of Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China.
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Yuan Y, Pan B, Tang E, Mo H, Zhu J, Yi Z, Lu D, Yin T, Sun Y, Yin S, Yang Z, Zhang F. Surgical methods of total thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis. Int J Surg 2024; 110:529-540. [PMID: 37916941 PMCID: PMC10793844 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000000819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging remote-access surgical methods are utilized to treat differentiated thyroid cancer. The study aimed to compare the surgical integrity, safety, efficacy, and postoperative experience of patients among common surgical methods. METHODS The PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases were searched from their inception until March 2023. Pairwise meta-analysis and Bayesian network meta-analysis were performed. The surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) was used to illuminate the probability that each method would be the best for each outcome. RESULTS Thirty-two studies comprising 7042 patients were included. Robotic bilateral axillo-breast approach (RBABA) and robotic gasless transaxillary approach (RGAA) retrieved fewer lymph nodes (LNs) than open thyroidectomy (OT). RBABA showed a significantly lower permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) palsy rate than OT. According to SUCRA values, endoscopic transoral approach (EOA) ranked the highest in retrieved LNs (0.84), the proportion of stimulated serum thyroglobulin less than 1.0 ng/ml (0.77), and the pain score (0.77). Endoscopic bilateral areola approach (EBAA) ranked the highest in the transient RLN palsy rate (0.72). The endoscopic gasless transaxillary approach (EGAA) ranked the highest in the transient hypoparathyroidism rate (0.78). RBABA ranked the highest in the rate of permanent RLN palsy (0.94) and hypoparathyroidism (0.77). OT ranked the highest in operative time (0.92). CONCLUSIONS Each surgical method of total thyroidectomy has benefits and limitations. EOA performed the best in maintaining surgical integrality and reducing the pain score, while taking a long operative time. Generally, RBABA showed the best advantage in protecting parathyroid glands and RLN but with the longest operative time. OT had the best advantage in operative time. Therefore, OT and EOA are ideal methods for patients with a higher risk of central LN metastasis. RBABA and EOA may not be suitable for elderly patients or those with high anesthesia risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuquan Yuan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing Institute Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital
| | - Bin Pan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing Institute Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital
| | - Enjie Tang
- Epidemiology Department, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongbiao Mo
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital
| | - Junping Zhu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital
| | - Ziying Yi
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital
| | - Dengwei Lu
- Graduate School of Medicine, Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing Institute Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital
| | - Tingjie Yin
- Graduate School of Medicine, Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing Institute Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital
| | - Yiceng Sun
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital
| | - Supeng Yin
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital
| | - Zeyu Yang
- Graduate School of Medicine, Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing Institute Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital
| | - Fan Zhang
- Graduate School of Medicine, Chongqing Medical University
- Chongqing Institute Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital
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Yin S, Pan B, Yang Z, Tang M, Mo H, Li Y, Yi Z, Yin T, Shao C, Yan C, Mo L, Yuan Y, Sun Y, Zhang F. Combined Use of Autofluorescence and Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Imaging in the Identification and Evaluation of Parathyroid Glands During Total Thyroidectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:897797. [PMID: 35784544 PMCID: PMC9243533 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.897797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Accurate identification and evaluation of the parathyroid glands (PGs) intraoperatively is critical to reduce the incidence of postoperative hypoparathyroidism after total thyroidectomy. Near-infrared fluorescence imaging (NIFI), including the autofluorescence (AF) and indocyanine green fluorescence (ICGF) imaging, is a promising technique to protect PGs. This study aimed to assess whether the combined use of AF and ICGF could reduce the incidence of postoperative hypoparathyroidism and improve the identification and evaluation of PGs during total thyroidectomy. METHODS This randomized controlled trial enrolled 180 patients who were randomized into two groups and underwent total thyroidectomy with unilateral or bilateral central lymph node dissection. In the control group, the PGs were identified and evaluated by the naked eye. In the NIFI group, AF was used to identify the PGs and ICGF was applied to assess the blood perfusion of the PGs in situ. The primary outcome was the incidence of postoperative hypoparathyroidism. The secondary outcomes included the number of identified PGs, autotransplanted PGs, and known preserved PGs in situ. RESULTS The incidence of postoperative transient hypoparathyroidism was significantly lower in the NIFI group than in the control group (27.8% vs. 43.3%, P = 0.029). More PGs were identified in the NIFI group than in the control group (3.6 ± 0.5 vs. 3.2 ± 0.4, P < 0.001). No significant difference was observed in the number of autotransplanted PGs between the two groups (P = 0.134). Compared with the control group, a greater number of known PGs were preserved in situ in the NIFI group (1.3 ± 0.6 vs. 1.0 ± 0.5, P < 0.001). In the NIFI group, only 4.5% of the patients with at least one well-perfused PG (ICG score of 2) developed postoperative hypoparathyroidism, which was significantly lower than that of the control group (34.6%, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Combined use of AF and ICGF during total thyroidectomy reduces the risk of transient postoperative hypoparathyroidism, enhances the ability to identify and preserve PGs, and improves the accuracy of evaluating the perfusion of PGs during surgery. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Register (www.chictr.org.cn), identifier ChiCTR2100045320. Registered on April 12, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supeng Yin
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Pan
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Graduate School of Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zeyu Yang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Mi Tang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongbiao Mo
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Ziying Yi
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingjie Yin
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Cong Shao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Cunye Yan
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Linlong Mo
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuquan Yuan
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Graduate School of Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiceng Sun
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Fan Zhang, ; Yiceng Sun,
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Fan Zhang, ; Yiceng Sun,
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Lu D, Tang E, Yin S, Zhu J, Mo H, Yi Z, Chai F, Sun Y, Li Y, Yin T, Yang Z, Zhang F. Factors in the occurrence and restoration of hypoparathyroidism after total thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer patients with intraoperative parathyroid autotransplantation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:963070. [PMID: 35937810 PMCID: PMC9353036 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.963070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Postoperative hypoparathyroidism (POH) is the most common and important complication for thyroid cancer patients who undergo total thyroidectomy. Intraoperative parathyroid autotransplantation has been demonstrated to be essential in maintaining functional parathyroid tissue, and it has clinical significance in identifying essential factors of serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels for patients with parathyroid autotransplantation. This retrospective cohort study aimed to comprehensively investigate influential factors in the occurrence and restoration of POH for patients who underwent total thyroidectomy with intraoperative parathyroid autotransplantation (TTIPA). METHOD This study was conducted in a tertiary referral hospital, with a total of 525 patients who underwent TTIPA. The postoperative serum PTH levels were collected after six months, and demographic characteristics, clinical features and associated operative information were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 66.48% (349/525) of patients who underwent TTIPA were diagnosed with POH. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that Hashimoto's thyroiditis (OR=1.93, 95% CI: 1.09-3.42), P=0.024), the number of transplanted parathyroid glands (OR=2.70, 95% CI: 1.91-3.83, P<0.001) and postoperative blood glucose levels (OR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.06-1.74, P=0.016) were risk factors for POH, and endoscopic surgery (OR=0.39, 95% CI: 0.22-0.68, P=0.001) was a protective factor for POH. Multivariate Cox regression indicated that PTG autotransplantation patients with same-side central lymph node dissection (CLND) (HR=0.50; 95% CI: 0.34-0.73, P<0.001) demonstrated a longer time for increases PTH, and female patients (HR=1.35, 95% CI: 1.00-1.81, P=0.047) were more prone to PTH increases. Additionally, PTG autotransplantation with same-side CLND (HR=0.56, 95% CI: 0.38-0.82, P=0.003) patients had a longer time to PTH restoration, and patients with endoscopic surgery (HR=1.54, 95% CI: 1.04-2.28, P=0.029) were more likely to recover within six months. CONCLUSION High postoperative fasting blood glucose levels, a large number of transplanted PTGs, open surgery and Hashimoto's thyroiditis are risk factors for postoperative POH in TTIPA patients. Elevated PTH levels occur earlier in female patients and patients without CLND on the transplant side. PTH returns to normal earlier in patients without CLND and endoscopic surgery on the transplant side.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengwei Lu
- Breast and Thyroid Surgical Department, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Graduate School of Medicinel, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Enjie Tang
- Epidemiology Department, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Supeng Yin
- Breast and Thyroid Surgical Department, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Junping Zhu
- Breast and Thyroid Surgical Department, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongbiao Mo
- Breast and Thyroid Surgical Department, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Ziying Yi
- Breast and Thyroid Surgical Department, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Fan Chai
- Breast and Thyroid Surgical Department, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yizeng Sun
- Breast and Thyroid Surgical Department, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yao Li
- Breast and Thyroid Surgical Department, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingjie Yin
- Breast and Thyroid Surgical Department, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Zeyu Yang
- Breast and Thyroid Surgical Department, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Graduate School of Medicinel, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Fan Zhang, ; Zeyu Yang,
| | - Fan Zhang
- Breast and Thyroid Surgical Department, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Graduate School of Medicinel, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Fan Zhang, ; Zeyu Yang,
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Yang Y, Chen W, Mo H, Liang J, Li G, Zhong X, Chen Q, Chen M, Tang W. Acute epidural-like subdural hematoma formation between dura and capsule after bilateral burr-hole drainage of chronic subdural hematoma. Neurochirurgie 2021; 68:137-138. [PMID: 33529691 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2021.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Luoding People's Hospital, Yunfu, 527200, PR China; Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China.
| | - W Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Luoding People's Hospital, Yunfu, 527200, PR China
| | - H Mo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Luoding People's Hospital, Yunfu, 527200, PR China
| | - J Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Luoding People's Hospital, Yunfu, 527200, PR China
| | - G Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Luoding People's Hospital, Yunfu, 527200, PR China
| | - X Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Luoding People's Hospital, Yunfu, 527200, PR China
| | - Q Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Luoding People's Hospital, Yunfu, 527200, PR China
| | - M Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Luoding People's Hospital, Yunfu, 527200, PR China
| | - W Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Luoding People's Hospital, Yunfu, 527200, PR China
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Shan W, Zhong H, Mo H, Zhao S, Liu P. Epoxy acrylate-based shape memory polymer via 3D printing. EXPRESS POLYM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2021.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Li Y, Cui X, Yang Y, Liang Y, Chai F, Sun YC, Shao C, Mo H, Yin S, Yang Z, Zhang F. Surgical treatment of children Graves' disease with huge goiter-a case report and literature review. Gland Surg 2020; 9:467-473. [PMID: 32420276 DOI: 10.21037/gs.2020.02.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Graves' disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in children. The surgery treatment for children Graves' disease with huge goiter is high risk and controversial. A 14-year-old girl suffered Graves' disease with huge goiter and failed to the antithyroid drug therapy for nearly 4 years was surgically treated with total thyroidectomy. The excised thyroid weighed 449.1 g and heavier than any excised children goiter reported so far. After operation, the patient's symptoms of Graves' disease were significantly improved without any complication, including normal basal metabolic rate, relieved exophthalmia and euthyroidism. So, a children Graves' disease with huge goiter was cured by total thyroidectomy, suggesting that a total/near-total thyroidectomy is a good option for children Graves' disease with huge goiter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Li
- Breast and Thyroid Surgical Department, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Xiang Cui
- Breast and Thyroid Surgical Department, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Yongjun Yang
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Department, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Breast and Thyroid Surgical Department, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Fan Chai
- Breast and Thyroid Surgical Department, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Yi-Ceng Sun
- Breast and Thyroid Surgical Department, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Cong Shao
- Breast and Thyroid Surgical Department, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Hongbiao Mo
- Breast and Thyroid Surgical Department, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Supeng Yin
- Breast and Thyroid Surgical Department, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Zeyu Yang
- Breast and Thyroid Surgical Department, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Breast and Thyroid Surgical Department, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400000, China
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Mo H, Kwon H, Jeong H, Nam K, Park J. Prediabetes and cerebral small vessel disease. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Jeong H, Mo H, Lee C, Kang M, Lee E, Jeong H, Kim T, Kim Y, Park J, Oh M, Lee J, Kim B, Kim J, Kim J, Seo W, Lee J, Cha J, Jung K, Ko S, Bae H, Yoon B. Effects of smoking status on the age at onset of first-ever stroke: Data from Korean stroke registry. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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11
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Kamal M, Moyers J, Liu L, Kim M, Mo H, Villacana R, Chen C, Cao H. SINGLE-CENTER ANALYSIS OF POST-TRANSPLANT LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDER (PTLD) OUTCOMES WITH EPSTEIN BARR VIRUS (EBV) ASSESSMENTS. Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.215_2631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M.O. Kamal
- Dept of Hematology Oncology; Loma Linda University; Loma Linda United States
| | - J. Moyers
- Dept of Hematology Oncology; Loma Linda University; Loma Linda United States
| | - L. Liu
- Dept of Hematology Oncology; Loma Linda University; Loma Linda United States
| | - M. Kim
- Dept of Hematology Oncology; Loma Linda University; Loma Linda United States
| | - H. Mo
- Dept of Hematology Oncology; Loma Linda University; Loma Linda United States
| | - R. Villacana
- Dept of Hematology Oncology; Loma Linda University; Loma Linda United States
| | - C. Chen
- Dept of Hematology Oncology; Loma Linda University; Loma Linda United States
| | - H.L. Cao
- Dept of Hematology Oncology; Loma Linda University; Loma Linda United States
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Mo H, Wang X, Qian Z, Xu B, Ma F. Abstract P5-04-09: Not presented. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p5-04-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This abstract was not presented at the conference.
Citation Format: Mo H, Wang X, Qian Z, Xu B, Ma F. Not presented [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-04-09.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mo
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Prophet Genomics Inc, San Jose, CA
| | - X Wang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Prophet Genomics Inc, San Jose, CA
| | - Z Qian
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Prophet Genomics Inc, San Jose, CA
| | - B Xu
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Prophet Genomics Inc, San Jose, CA
| | - F Ma
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Prophet Genomics Inc, San Jose, CA
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Zhang XY, Peng JJ, Liu CH, Cai XY, Zhang JL, Mei YF, Jin HT, Wang XF, Mo H, Li ZG. [A multi-center cross-sectional survey of medicine application in patients with osteoarthritis in China]. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2018; 50:1044-1048. [PMID: 30562779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical characteristics, the medicine application and to evaluate the disease activity in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) in China. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study. Totally 1 066 cases of OA from 40 hospitals in China from April to October 2017 were retrospectively enrolled. Demographic characteristics, clinical data, medicine application, and joint function were evaluated. All the data were analyzed by SPSS software 19.0. t test, Mann-Whitney U test and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS In the 1 066 cases, the male-to-female ratio was 1:3.6 and the average age was (61.9±11.0) years, with an age range from 36 to 94 years. The incidence of knee OA, hip OA, and hand OA were respectively 81.9% (873/1 066), 14.1% (150/1 066), and 36.3% (387/1 066). In the study, 242 (22.7%) cases had two kinds of joint areas involved and three joint areas were involved in 51 cases (4.8%), and 56.6% (603/1 066) of the patients used more than one kind of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) while 61.2% (652/1 066) used disease modifying osteoarthritis drugs (DMOADs), including glucosamine (37.5%, 400/1 066), chondroitin sulfate (2.0%, 21/1 066), diacetate (5.9%, 63/1 066), and the combination of these drugs (15.8%, 168/1 066). 8.6% (92/1 066) patients only took analgesics to relieve the pain, not using any kind of NSAIDs or DMOADs. And 232 patients (21.7%) had intra-articular injections, including 9.2% (98/1 066) sodium hyaluronate, 4.5%(48/1 066) glucocorticoid, and 8.1% (86/1 066) combination of the two drugs. The proportion of the patients taking topical drugs accounted for 26.5% (283/1 066) and physical therapy accounted for 15.8% (168/1 066). Compared with those who suffered from knee OA, the patients who suffered from hip OA had more severe disease assessment. Moreover, there were significant differences in pain (Z=-7.625, P<0.001), morning stiffness (Z=-6.229, P<0.001), and joint function (Z=-6.777, P<0.001) between the two groups of the patients who suffered from knee or hip OA with The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) osteoarthritis index. Furthermore, patients with hip OA took more analgesics (χ2=24.838, P<0.001). CONCLUSION Oral NSAIDs and DMOADs are wildly used in patients with OA in China. However, the treatment of some patients still need to be improved. Patients with hip OA are more seriously ill and require aggressive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - J J Peng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - C H Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Zhengzhou Orthopaedics Hospital, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - X Y Cai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - J L Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Y F Mei
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - H T Jin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - X F Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - H Mo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanning First People's Hospital, Nanning 530022, China
| | - Z G Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
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Hua X, Chen L, Zhu Q, Hu W, Lin C, Long Z, Wen W, Sun X, Lu Z, Chen Q, Luo D, Sun R, Mo H, Tang L, Zhang W, He Z, Mai H, Lin H, Guo L. Efficacy of controlled-release oxycodone for reducing pain due to oral mucositis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy: A prospective clinical trial. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy438.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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15
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Zhao Y, Mo H, Jiang X, Han B, Feng F, Wang D, Fu L, He L, Zhang J, Shen J. Thermal stability and thermal oxidation kinetics of PU/CA-MMT composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Zhao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Nanjing Normal University; Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China
| | - H. Mo
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Nanjing Normal University; Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China
| | - X. Jiang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Nanjing Normal University; Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China
| | - B. Han
- School of Material Engineering; Nanjing Institute of Technology; Nanjing 211167 Jiangsu China
| | - F. Feng
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Nanjing Normal University; Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China
| | - D. Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Nanjing Normal University; Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China
| | - L. Fu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Nanjing Normal University; Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China
| | - L. He
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Nanjing Normal University; Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China
| | - J. Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Nanjing Normal University; Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China
| | - J. Shen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of 3D Printing Equipment and Manufacturing, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science; Nanjing Normal University; Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu China
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Hu X, Zheng X, Mo H, Cui X, Ding L, Tan F, Hu P, Shi Y. BPI-9016M, a novel c-Met inhibitor, in pretreated advanced solid tumor: Results from a first-in-human, phase I, dose-escalation study. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy292.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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17
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Kim TJ, Lee JS, Kang MK, Nam KW, Lee CH, Mo H, Jeong HY, Yoon BW, Ko SB. Clopidogrel may decrease the risk of post-stroke infection after ischaemic stroke. Eur J Neurol 2018; 26:261-267. [PMID: 30168901 DOI: 10.1111/ene.13801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The P2Y12 receptor, a well-known factor in the platelet activation pathway, plays a role in thrombosis as well as systemic inflammation. Clopidogrel, a prototype P2Y12 receptor antagonist, reportedly decreases inflammation and systemic infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether clopidogrel use decreases the risk of post-stroke infection following ischaemic stroke. METHODS A total of 1643 patients with acute ischaemic stroke (within 7 days after onset) were included for analysis between March 2010 and December 2015. Patients were categorized into two groups (clopidogrel users versus clopidogrel non-users), and clinical characteristics and risks of post-stroke infection were compared between the two groups. The inverse probability of treatment weighting using propensity scores for baseline imbalance adjustments was applied. RESULTS Of the included patients (mean age 67.7 years; men 60.6%), 670 (40.8%) patients were clopidogrel users and 164 (10.0%) patients had post-stroke infection. The proportion of patients with post-stroke infection was significantly lower in clopidogrel users compared to clopidogrel non-users (6.7% vs. 12.2%, P ≤ 0.001). Moreover, clopidogrel users were less likely to be admitted to the intensive care unit (13.3% vs. 35.3%, P = 0.006). A multivariate analysis with inverse probability of treatment weighting revealed that clopidogrel users exhibited a lower risk of post-stroke infection (odds ratio 0.56, 95% confidence interval 0.42-0.75) and intensive care unit admission (odds ratio 0.34, 95% confidence interval 0.22-0.53). CONCLUSIONS The study suggested that clopidogrel users exhibit a lower risk of infection and develop less severe infections after ischaemic stroke. Further prospective studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - J S Lee
- Clinical Research Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - M-K Kang
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - K-W Nam
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - C-H Lee
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Mo
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - H-Y Jeong
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - B-W Yoon
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-B Ko
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Shen CL, Yang S, Tomison MD, Romero AW, Felton CK, Mo H. Tocotrienol supplementation suppressed bone resorption and oxidative stress in postmenopausal osteopenic women: a 12-week randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial. Osteoporos Int 2018; 29:881-891. [PMID: 29330573 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-017-4356-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Tocotrienols have shown bone-protective effect in animals. This study showed that a 12-week tocotrienol supplementation decreased concentrations of bone resorption biomarker and bone remodeling regulators via suppressing oxidative stress in postmenopausal osteopenic women. INTRODUCTION Tocotrienols (TT) have been shown to benefit bone health in ovariectomized animals, a model of postmenopausal women. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of 12-week TT supplementation on bone markers (serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), urine N-terminal telopeptide (NTX), serum soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (sRANKL), and serum osteoprotegerin (OPG)), urine calcium, and an oxidative stress biomarker (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)) in postmenopausal women with osteopenia. METHODS Eighty-nine postmenopausal osteopenic women (59.7 ± 6.8 year, BMI 28.7 ± 5.7 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to three groups: (1) placebo (430 mg olive oil/day), (2) low TT (430 mg TT/day, 70% purity), and (3) high TT (860 mg TT/day, 70% purity). TT, an extract from annatto seed with 70% purity, consisted of 90% delta-TT and 10% gamma-TT. Overnight fasting blood and urine samples were collected at baseline, 6, and 12 weeks for biomarker analyses. Eighty-seven subjects completed the 12-week study. RESULTS Relative to the placebo group, there were marginal decreases in serum BALP level in the TT-supplemented groups over the 12-week study period. Significant decreases in urine NTX levels, serum sRANKL, sRANKL/OPG ratio, and urine 8-OHdG concentrations and a significant increase in BALP/NTX ratio due to TT supplementation were observed. TT supplementation did not affect serum OPG concentrations or urine calcium levels throughout the study period. There were no significant differences in NTX level, BALP/NTX ratio, sRANKL level, and sRANKL/OPG ratio between low TT and high TT groups. CONCLUSIONS Twelve-week annatto-extracted TT supplementation decreased bone resorption and improved bone turnover rate via suppressing bone remodeling regulators in postmenopausal women with osteopenia. Such osteoprotective TT's effects may be, in part, mediated by an inhibition of oxidative stress. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02058420. TITLE Tocotrienols and bone health of postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-L Shen
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.
| | - S Yang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - M D Tomison
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - A W Romero
- Clinical Research Institute, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - C K Felton
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - H Mo
- Department of Nutrition, Byrdine F. Lewis College of Nursing and Health Professions, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Bhardwaj N, Ragonnet-Cronin M, Murrell B, Chodavarapu K, Martin R, Chang S, Miller MD, Feld JJ, Sulkowski M, Mangia A, Wertheim JO, Osinusi A, McNally J, Brainard D, Mo H, Svarovskaia ES. Intrapatient viral diversity and treatment outcome in patients with genotype 3a hepatitis C virus infection on sofosbuvir-containing regimens. J Viral Hepat 2018; 25:344-353. [PMID: 29112331 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Treatment with the direct-acting antiviral agent (DAA) sofosbuvir (SOF), an NS5B inhibitor, and velpatasvir (VEL), an NS5A inhibitor, demonstrates viral cure rates of ≥95% in hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes (GT) 1-6. Here, we investigated intrapatient HCV diversity in NS5A and NS5B using Shannon entropy to examine the relationship between viral diversity and treatment outcome. At baseline, HCV diversity was lowest in patients infected with HCV GT3 as compared to the other GTs, and viral diversity was greater in NS5A than NS5B (P < .0001). Treatment outcome with SOF/VEL or the comparator regimen of SOF with ribavirin (RBV) was not correlated with baseline diversity. However, among persons treated with SOF/VEL, a decrease in diversity from baseline was observed at relapse in the majority virologic failures, consistent with a viral bottleneck event at relapse. In contrast, an increase in diversity was observed in 27% of SOF+RBV virologic failures. We investigated whether the increase in diversity was due to an increase in the transition rate, one mode of potential RBV-mediated mutagenesis; however, we found no evidence of this mechanism. Overall, we did not observe that viral diversity at baseline influenced treatment outcome, but the diversity changes observed at relapse can improve our understanding of RBV viral suppression in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Bhardwaj
- Clinical Virology, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA, USA
| | | | - B Murrell
- University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - K Chodavarapu
- Clinical Virology, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA, USA
| | - R Martin
- Clinical Virology, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA, USA
| | - S Chang
- Clinical Virology, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA, USA
| | - M D Miller
- Clinical Virology, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA, USA
| | - J J Feld
- Toronto Centre for Liver Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M Sulkowski
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A Mangia
- Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - J O Wertheim
- University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - A Osinusi
- Clinical Virology, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA, USA
| | - J McNally
- Clinical Virology, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA, USA
| | - D Brainard
- Clinical Virology, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA, USA
| | - H Mo
- Clinical Virology, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA, USA
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Mo H, Kim Y, Rhu J, Lee K, Kim T, Im S, Lee E, Lee H, Moon H, Noh D, Han W. Actual conversion rate from total mastectomy to breast conservation after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for stages II—III breast cancer patients. Eur J Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(18)30468-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Camus G, Han B, Asselah T, Hsieh D, Dvory-Sobol H, Lu J, Svarovskaia E, Martin R, Parhy B, Miller MD, Brainard DM, Kersey K, Abergel A, Mo H. Resistance characterization of ledipasvir and velpatasvir in hepatitis C virus genotype 4. J Viral Hepat 2018; 25:134-143. [PMID: 28984067 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
HCV genotype 4 (GT4) has often been overlooked in drug development, even though it infects ~20 million people worldwide. Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir and sofosbuvir/velpatasvir were highly efficacious in GT4 HCV-infected patients from GS-US-337-1119 and GS-US-342-1138. Here, we characterize the resistance profile of ledipasvir (LDV) and velpatasvir (VEL) in patients with GT4 HCV infection. NS5A deep-sequencing was performed for 454 patients infected with HCV GT4 at baseline, including 44 patients enrolled in GS-US-337-1119 and 116 patients enrolled in GS-US-342-1138, and at relapse for patients with virologic failure. LDV and VEL susceptibilities of 56 patient isolates were determined. In GS-US-337-1119, SVR12 rates were 100% for all subtypes except 4b and 4r. Phenotypic assessment of 56 HCV NS5A patient isolates from various GT4 subtypes indicated that LDV had high potency for the common subtypes 4a/d, and subtypes 4c/f/k/l/m/n/o/p/r/t despite the presence of resistance-associated substitutions (RASs). For the rare GT4b, LDV median EC50 was higher, but with a broad range of individual values. Importantly, all GT4b isolates tested had 2-4 NS5A RASs, some including Y93H. Similarly, the 2 GT4r infected patients who had virologic relapse had rare triple RASs. Reversion of these substitutions to the consensus residue significantly increased LDV susceptibility. In GS-US-342-1138, all patients achieved SVR12, regardless of their subtype or presence of RASs. In vitro data confirmed that VEL is potent against all GT4 isolates tested. LDV and VEL are potent antiviral drugs, estimated to be effective against >95% and >99%, respectively, of GT4 HCV isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Camus
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - B Han
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - T Asselah
- Department of Hepatology, Hôpital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris-Diderot and INSERM UMR1149, Clichy, France
| | - D Hsieh
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | | | - J Lu
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | | | - R Martin
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - B Parhy
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - M D Miller
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | | | - K Kersey
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - A Abergel
- UMR CNRS 6284, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Estaing, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - H Mo
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
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Kitrinos KM, Corsa AC, Worth A, Hedskog C, Brainard DM, Miller MD, Mo H. Nonstructural protein 5A resistance profile in patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with ledipasvir-containing regimens without sofosbuvir. J Viral Hepat 2018; 25:126-133. [PMID: 28833932 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the effects of baseline hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) on sustained virologic response to ledipasvir (LDV)-containing regimens in the absence of sofosbuvir (SOF) in patients with HCV genotype (GT) 1 infection across 6 phase 2 clinical studies. We analysed data from 1103 patients who received either LDV + vedroprevir (NS3 protease inhibitor) + tegobuvir (NS5B inhibitor) ± ribavirin or LDV + ribavirin + pegylated interferon. Population sequencing of HCV NS5A was performed at baseline and at virologic failure from patient plasma samples. Of 1045 patients with available baseline sequences, 747 (67.7%) had GT1a, and 298 (26.9%) had GT1b infection. The overall prevalence of NS5A RASs at baseline was 9.4%; 7.6% (57/747) and 13.8% (41/298) of patients with GT1a and GT1b infection, respectively. The majority of GT1a-infected patients with NS5A RASs at baseline had a single NS5A RAS (78.9%) at NS5A positions K24R, M28T, Q30H/L, L31M and Y93H/N/C/S. The spectrum of NS5A RASs detected in GT1b patients was much less diverse compared to GT1a patients, with all patients harbouring a single NS5A RAS either L31M or Y93H/C. For patients treated with LDV-containing regimens in the absence of SOF, the presence of baseline NS5A RASs was associated with low SVR rates. In patients with virologic failure, nearly all had either pre-existing and/or emergent NS5A RASs: 287/287 (100%) and 40/42 (95.2%) patients with GT1a and GT1b infection, respectively. Three novel NS5A substitutions were identified as emergent NS5A RASs: K26E and S38F in GT1a; and L31I in GT1b. In conclusion, the presence of NS5A RASs at baseline reduced the SVR rate in patients treated with LDV in combination vedroprevir + tegobuvir ± ribavirin or ribavirin + pegylated interferon. Virologic failure was associated with the detection of NS5A RASs in nearly all patients. These results suggest that the resistance barrier may differ depending on HCV drug combination and may be more important than that of the individual DAAs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A C Corsa
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - A Worth
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - C Hedskog
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | | | - M D Miller
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - H Mo
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
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Shi Y, Hu X, Zhang S, Yang N, Zhang Y, Li W, Han X, Mo H, Sun Y. P2.03-028 Third Generation EGFR Inhibitor AST2818 (Alflutinib) in NSCLC Patients with EGFR T790M Mutation: A phase1/2 Multi-Center Clinical Trial. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.1279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Abstract
RATIONALE Understanding the status of internal mammary lymph nodes of breast cancer is critical in the accurate staging of breast cancer and the development of accurate therapeutic regimen for selected patients. Current techniques for dissection of internal mammary lymph node biopsy involve endoscopic or Traditional thoracic surgery, An important drawback of the current techniques is the great trauma caused by them. PATIENT CONCERNS Da Vinci robotic surgery system (Intuitive Surgical Inc. Sunnyvale, CA) was used to perform the internal mammary lymph chain excision for a breast cancer patient with left internal mammary lymph node metastasis. DIAGNOSES Positron emission tomography-computed tomography examination and Ultrasonography examination. INTERVENTIONS In this paper, we introduce a Robot-assisted technique for dissection of internal mammary lymph node biopsy with only 3 small trocar ports. This technique reduces the incision size and considerably reduce the trauma. OUTCOMES The operation lasted a duration of 1.5 hours. The operation was carried out smoothly with removal of 9 internal mammary lymph nodes in total. The amount of intra operative bleeding was less than 10 ml. The patient's postoperative recovery was fast. 11-month postoperative follow-up showed that the patient recovered well after surgery, no local recurrence or distant metastasis was found, and no obvious discomfort was reported. LESSONS Robot-assisted excision of internal mammary lymph chain in breast cancer is a safe, effective and simple operation with minimal invasion.
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Mo H, Shen C, Xia W. ISOPRENOID METABOLISM AS A TARGET IN TOCOTRIENOL-MEDIATED DOWNREGULATION OF AMYLOID Β PROTEIN. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.4467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H. Mo
- Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia,
| | - C. Shen
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas,
| | - W. Xia
- ENR Memorial Veterans Hospital, Bedford, Massachusetts,
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
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Mizokami M, Dvory-Sobol H, Izumi N, Nishiguchi S, Doehle B, Svarovskaia ES, De-Oertel S, Knox S, Brainard DM, Miller MD, Mo H, Sakamoto N, Takehara T, Omata M. Resistance Analyses of Japanese Hepatitis C-Infected Patients Receiving Sofosbuvir or Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir Containing Regimens in Phase 3 Studies. J Viral Hepat 2016; 23:780-8. [PMID: 27196675 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
High rates of sustained virologic response (SVR) has been achieved in Japanese patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype (GT)1 and GT2 infection treated with ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (LDV/SOF) ±ribavirin (RBV) and SOF+RBV, respectively. We evaluated the effect of baseline HCV NS5A and NS5B resistance-associated variants (RAVs) on treatment outcome and characterized variants at virologic failure. Baseline deep sequencing for NS5A and NS5B genes was performed for all GT1 patients. Deep sequencing of NS5A (GT1 only) and NS5B (GT1 and GT2) was performed for patients who failed treatment or discontinued early with detectable HCV RNA (i.e., >25 IU/mL). In patients with HCV GT1 infection, 22.3% (GT1a: 2/11; GT1b: 74/330) had ≥1 baseline NS5A RAV. The most frequent NS5A RAVs in GT1b were Y93H (17.9%, 59/330) and L31M (2.4%, 8/330). Despite the presence of NS5A RAVs at baseline, 100% and 97% of patients achieved SVR12, compared with 100% and 99% for those with no NS5A RAVs with LDV/SOF and LDV/SOF+RBV, respectively. All patients with NS5B RAVs at baseline achieved SVR12. Of the 153 patients with GT2 infection (GT2a 60.1%, GT2b 39.9%), 3.3% (5/153) experienced viral relapse. No S282T or other NS5B RAVs were detected at baseline or relapse; no change in susceptibility to SOF or RBV was observed at relapse. In conclusion, LDV/SOF and SOF+RBV demonstrate a high barrier to resistance in Japanese patients with HCV GT1 and GT2 infection. The presence of baseline NS5A RAVs did not impact treatment outcome in GT1 Japanese patients treated with LDV/SOF for 12 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mizokami
- The Research Center for Hepatitis & Immunology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - N Izumi
- Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - B Doehle
- Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | | | | | - S Knox
- Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | | | - M D Miller
- Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - H Mo
- Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | | | | | - M Omata
- Yamanashi Prefectural Hospital Organization, Yamanashi, Japan
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Abstract
This study systematically reviews prospective and retrospective cohort studies evaluating the risk of hip fracture following stroke. Stroke survivors are at high risk of hip fracture and had a 1.5-fold increased risk compared to stroke-free men and women of the same age. Hip fracture often occurs in ageing and female stroke patients. We performed a meta-analysis to summarize evidence from prospective and retrospective cohort studies about the risk of hip fracture following stroke. We identified English and non-English publications in MEDLINE and EMBASE using stroke and fracture as keywords to 31 December 2015. The data of the incidence of hip fracture were extracted to calculate raw incident rate in stroke survivors as well as risk of hip fractures in strokes comparing populations using a random-effects model. Subgroup analyses were performed to identify the potential influence of some factors. Six prospective and seven retrospective cohort studies were included, involving 512,214 stroke patients with 22,559 hip fractures. The pooled prevalence of hip fractures was 4.87 % (95 % CI, 4.05 to 5.68 %) in stoke patients. We conducted subgroup analysis according to sex, age, duration of follow-up, study design, and region, which showed that female (vs. male) stroke patients older than 70 years (vs. those less than 70 years) and duration of follow-up more than 2 years (vs. those less than 2 years) have higher proportions of hip fractures. Four studies showed that stroke patients had a significantly higher risk of hip fracture compared with the general population, while the other study had a non-significant higher risk. The overall prevalence of hip fracture was 3.28 % (3431 of 104,646) in stroke patients and 2.83 % (36,493 of 1,287,726) in general population, respectively, and the unadjusted combined relative risk of hip fracture was 1.54 (95 % CI, 1.06-2.25). Hip fractures often occur in ageing and female stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z-C Yuan
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Neurosurgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, He Di Rd. #71, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - H Mo
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Neurosurgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, He Di Rd. #71, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - J Guan
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Neurosurgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, He Di Rd. #71, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - J-L He
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Neurosurgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, He Di Rd. #71, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Z-J Wu
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Neurosurgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, He Di Rd. #71, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.
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Mo H, Hedskog C, Svarovskaia E, Sun SC, Jacobson IM, Brainard DM, McHutchison JG, Miller MD. Antiviral response and resistance analysis of treatment-naïve HCV-infected patients receiving single and multiple doses of GS-9190. J Viral Hepat 2016; 23:644-51. [PMID: 27004425 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
GS-9190 is a NS5B non-nucleoside analogue with demonstrated effectiveness in a Phase 1 monotherapy study and in combination with other DAAs for treatment of chronic HCV infection. Here, the resistance profile of GS-9190 monotherapy in a Phase 1b study was investigated. Resistance analysis was performed by population sequencing and allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR) for Y448H with an assay cut-off of 0.5%. Phenotypic susceptibility analyses were performed on patient isolates as well as site-directed mutagenesis of mutations selected during monotherapy. No resistance-associated variants were observed in patients before or after receiving single doses of GS-9190 by population sequencing. In contrast, in patients who received GS-9190 for 8 days, mutations Y448H and Y452H in NS5B were observed by population sequencing in 21/36 (58%) and 2/36 (5.6%) patients, respectively, at Day 8 or Day 14. Among the remaining 15 patients who had no detectable Y448H at Day 8 or Day 14 by population sequencing, low frequencies of Y448H ranging from 1.3 to 9.7% were detected in 14 of 15 patients by AS-PCR. By AS-PCR, Y448H remained detectable at reduced frequency in the majority of patients analysed through 4-6 months of follow-up. Chimeric HCV replicons constructed with the NS5B sequence from patients with Y448H and Y448H + Y452H/Y demonstrated 27-fold and 78.5-fold reduced susceptibility to GS-9190. In conclusion, Y448H was rapidly selected in the majority of patients receiving multiple doses of GS-9190 as monotherapy, despite undetectable levels in pretreatment samples. Y448H confers reduced susceptibility to GS-9190 and other NNIs and persisted in most patients for months post-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mo
- Gilead Sciences Inc, Foster City, CA, USA
| | - C Hedskog
- Gilead Sciences Inc, Foster City, CA, USA
| | | | - S-C Sun
- Gilead Sciences Inc, Foster City, CA, USA
| | - I M Jacobson
- Mount Sinai Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - M D Miller
- Gilead Sciences Inc, Foster City, CA, USA
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Ahn SH, Lim YS, Lee KS, Paik SW, Lee YJ, Jeong SH, Kim JH, Yoon SK, Yim HJ, Tak WY, Han SY, Yang JC, Mo H, Mathias A, Han L, Knox SJ, Brainard DM, Kim YJ, Byun KS, Kim YS, Heo J, Han KH. A phase 3b study of sofosbuvir plus ribavirin in treatment-naive and treatment-experienced Korean patients chronically infected with genotype 2 hepatitis C virus. J Viral Hepat 2016; 23:358-65. [PMID: 26864153 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In Korea, patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are typically treated with pegylated interferon-alpha plus ribavirin, but interferons are contraindicated in many patients and are often poorly tolerated, particularly by the elderly and those with advanced liver disease. No interferon-free treatment regimens are approved in Korea. Sofosbuvir is an oral nucleotide analog inhibitor of the HCV nonstructural 5B RNA polymerase. It is approved in the USA, European Union and Japan for treating a number of HCV genotypes, including genotype 2. Genotype 2 has a seroprevalence of 38-46% in Korea. This single-arm, phase 3b study (NCT02021643) examined the efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir plus ribavirin (12-week duration) in chronic genotype 2 HCV-infected treatment-naive and treatment-experienced Korean patients with and without cirrhosis. The proportion of patients with sustained virologic response 12 weeks after treatment discontinuation (SVR12) was 97% (125/129), with 96% (101/105) of treatment-naive and 100% (24/24) of treatment-experienced patients achieving SVR12. Two patients experienced virologic failure (n = 1, on-treatment failure; n = 1, relapse). No patient discontinued study treatment due to an adverse event (AE). The most common treatment-emergent AEs were headache (18%, 23/129) and pruritus (15%, 19/129). Few patients had grade 3 AEs (5%, 6/129) or grade 3 laboratory abnormalities (12%, 15/129). No grade 4 AE was reported. These data suggest that 12 weeks of treatment with the all-oral, interferon-free regimen of sofosbuvir plus ribavirin is effective and well tolerated in Korean patients with chronic genotype 2 HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Ahn
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul-Korea, South Korea
| | - Y S Lim
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul-Korea, South Korea
| | - K S Lee
- Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul-Korea, South Korea
| | - S W Paik
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul-Korea, South Korea
| | - Y J Lee
- Pusan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan-Korea, South Korea
| | - S H Jeong
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam-Korea, South Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Gachon University Gil Hospital, Incheon-Korea, South Korea
| | - S K Yoon
- Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul-Korea, South Korea
| | - H J Yim
- Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do-Korea, South Korea
| | - W Y Tak
- Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - S Y Han
- Dong-A University Medical Center, Busan-Korea, South Korea
| | - J C Yang
- Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - H Mo
- Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - A Mathias
- Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - L Han
- Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - S J Knox
- Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | | | - Y J Kim
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - K S Byun
- Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul-Korea, South Korea
| | - Y S Kim
- Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon-Korea, South Korea
| | - J Heo
- Pusan National University and Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - K H Han
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul-Korea, South Korea
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Lai CL, Wong VWS, Yuen MF, Yang JC, Knox SJ, Mo H, Han LL, Brainard DM, Chan HLY. Sofosbuvir plus ribavirin for the treatment of patients with chronic genotype 1 or 6 hepatitis C virus infection in Hong Kong. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2016; 43:96-101. [PMID: 26503414 DOI: 10.1111/apt.13429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Hong Kong, most patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) have either genotype 6a or 1b infection. AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir with ribavirin in treatment-naïve patients in Hong Kong with HCV genotype 1 or 6. METHODS In an open-label study, patients were randomised to sofosbuvir 400 mg once daily plus ribavirin 1000-1200 divided twice daily for 12 (n = 10), 16 (n = 11) or 24 (n = 10) weeks. The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients with HCV RNA < LLOQ (lower limit of quantification, 25 IU/mL) 12 weeks after cessation of therapy (SVR12). RESULTS All 31 patients (20 HCV genotype 1 and 11 genotype 6) had HCV RNA < LLOQ by Week 4 of treatment and at their last on-treatment visit. SVR12 rates were high in all treatment groups: 100% (10/10) for 12 weeks, 100% (11/11) for 16 weeks and 90% (9/10) for 24 weeks of therapy. The only patient who did not reach SVR12 had genotype 1 HCV and relapsed at post-treatment Week 4. Sofosbuvir with ribavirin was generally well tolerated. The most common adverse events were malaise (13%) and upper respiratory tract infection (13%), followed by anaemia (10%). No patients experienced serious adverse events. One patient discontinued treatment at Week 16 because of an adverse event. The event, upper respiratory tract infection, was not considered treatment related by the investigator. This subject achieved SVR12. CONCLUSIONS The all-oral regimen sofosbuvir plus ribavirin is effective in treatment-naïve patients in Hong Kong with genotype 1 or 6 HCV. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02021643.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Lai
- Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - V W-S Wong
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - M F Yuen
- Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - J C Yang
- Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - S J Knox
- Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - H Mo
- Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - L L Han
- Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | | | - H L Y Chan
- Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Lawitz E, Freilich B, Link J, German P, Mo H, Han L, Brainard DM, McNally J, Marbury T, Rodriguez-Torres M. A phase 1, randomized, dose-ranging study of GS-5816, a once-daily NS5A inhibitor, in patients with genotype 1-4 hepatitis C virus. J Viral Hepat 2015; 22:1011-9. [PMID: 26183611 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
GS-5816 is an inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5A protein that has demonstrated pan-genotypic activity and a high barrier to resistance in HCV replicon assays. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety, antiviral activity and pharmacokinetics of once-daily doses of GS-5816 in patients with genotype 1-4 HCV infection. Patients with genotype 1-4 HCV infection were randomized to 3 days of GS-5816 at doses ranging from 5 to 150 mg or placebo. Adverse events were recorded, and plasma samples obtained for analysis of pharmacokinetics, HCV RNA and NS5A sequencing studies. GS-5816 5-150 mg for 3 days was well tolerated and resulted in rapid declines in HCV RNA that were sustained over the dosing period. In patients treated with the 150 mg dose of GS-5816, the mean maximal HCV RNA declines were 4.0, 4.0, 4.4, 3.3 and 3.5 log10 IU/mL in patients with genotype 1a, 1b, 2, 3 and 4 HCV infection, respectively. Pretreatment NS5A resistance-associated polymorphisms were detected in 31% (22/70) of patients. Genotype 1 and 3 HCV-infected patients without pretreatment NS5A resistance-associated polymorphisms had greater declines in HCV RNA than patients with resistance-associated polymorphisms. Plasma pharmacokinetics were supportive of once-daily dosing. GS-5816 demonstrated pangenotypic antiviral activity in patients with genotype 1-4 HCV infection. It will be further evaluated in combination with other pangenotypic direct-acting antivirals to achieve the goal of developing a well-tolerated, highly effective treatment for all HCV genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lawitz
- Texas Liver Institute, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - B Freilich
- Kansas City Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - J Link
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - P German
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - H Mo
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - L Han
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | | | - J McNally
- Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - T Marbury
- Orlando Clinical Research Center, Orlando, FL, USA
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Hedskog C, Dvory-Sobol H, Gontcharova V, Martin R, Ouyang W, Han B, Gane EJ, Brainard D, Hyland RH, Miller MD, Mo H, Svarovskaia E. Evolution of the HCV viral population from a patient with S282T detected at relapse after sofosbuvir monotherapy. J Viral Hepat 2015; 22:871-81. [PMID: 25784085 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Clinical phase II/III studies of the nucleotide analogue HCV NS5B inhibitor sofosbuvir (SOF) have demonstrated high efficacy in HCV-infected patients in combination therapy. To date, resistance to SOF (S282T in NS5B) has rarely been detected in patients. In this study, we investigated the evolution of S282T viral variants detected in one HCV genotype 2b-infected patient who relapsed following 12 weeks of SOF monotherapy. Deep sequencing of the NS5B gene was performed on longitudinal plasma samples at baseline, days 2 and 3 on SOF, and longitudinal samples post-SOF treatment through week 48. Intrapatient HCV evolution was analysed by maximum-likelihood phylogenetic analysis. Deep sequencing analysis revealed a low level pre-existence of S282T at 0.05% of viral sequences (4/7755 reads) at baseline and 0.03% (6/23 415 reads) at day 2 on SOF. Viral relapse was detected at week 4 post-treatment where 99.8% of the viral population harboured S282T. Follow-up analysis determined that S282T levels diminished post-treatment reaching undetectable levels 24-48 weeks post-SOF. Phylogenetic analysis together with the persistence of unique post-treatment mutations in all post-SOF samples suggested that growth of wild type resulted from reversion of the S282T mutant to a wild type and not outgrowth of the baseline wild-type population. Our data suggest that a very low level of pre-existing S282T at baseline in this patient was enriched and transiently detected following SOF monotherapy. Despite relapse with drug resistance to SOF, this patient was successfully retreated with SOF plus ribavirin for 12 weeks and is now cured from HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Hedskog
- Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | | | | | - R Martin
- Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - W Ouyang
- Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - B Han
- Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - E J Gane
- New Zealand Liver Transplant Unit, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - D Brainard
- Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - R H Hyland
- Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - M D Miller
- Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
| | - H Mo
- Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, CA, USA
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Shi Y, Mo H, Hao X, Liu Y, Wang L, Hu X, Xu J, Yang S, Xing P, Shi Y, Jia B, Wang Y, Li J, Wang H, Wang Z, Sun Y. 3055 A prognostic model for platinum-doublet regimens as second-line chemotherapy in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)31697-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Doehle B, Svarovskaia E, Chodavarapu K, McNally J, Pianko S, Roberts S, Brainard D, Miller M, Mo H. P0893 : Resistance analysis of treatment-experienced genotype 1 and 3 HCV infected patients treated with sofosbuvir in combination with GS-5816 +/− ribavirin for 12 weeks. J Hepatol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0168-8278(15)31096-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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Lawitz EJ, Rodriguez-Torres M, Denning J, Mathias A, Mo H, Gao B, Cornpropst MT, Berrey MM, Symonds WT. All-oral therapy with nucleotide inhibitors sofosbuvir and GS-0938 for 14 days in treatment-naive genotype 1 hepatitis C (nuclear). J Viral Hepat 2013; 20:699-707. [PMID: 24010644 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sofosbuvir and GS-0938 are distinct nucleotide analogues with activity against hepatitis C virus (HCV) in vitro. We evaluated the antiviral activity and safety of sofosbuvir and GS-0938 alone and in combination in HCV genotype 1 patients. In this double-blind study, 40 treatment-naïve patients were randomly assigned to 4 treatment cohorts: (i) GS-0938 for 14 days, (ii) GS-0938 for 7 days followed by GS-0938 plus sofosbuvir for 7 days, (iii) sofosbuvir for 7 days followed by GS-0938 plus sofosbuvir for 7 days and (iv) GS-0938 plus sofosbuvir for 14 days. In each arm, 8 patients received active drug and 2 placebo. After 7 days of dosing, patients in all 4 dose groups experienced substantial reductions in HCV RNA, with median declines (Q1, Q3) of -4.50 (-4.66, -4.24) in Cohort 1, -4.55 (-4.97, -4.13) in Cohort 2, -4.65 (-4.78, -4.17) in Cohort 3 and -4.43 (-4.81, -4.13) in Cohort 4; patients receiving placebo had essentially no change in HCV RNA (+0.07 log(10) IU/mL). Seven days after the end of treatment, the proportions of patients with HCV RNA <15 IU/mL were 4 (50%), 8 (100%), 7 (88%) and 5 (63%) for Cohorts 1-4, respectively, vs 0 for placebo. No viral breakthrough or resistance mutations were observed. No serious adverse events or Grade 3 or 4 adverse events were reported. Sofosbuvir and GS-0938-alone and in combination--were well tolerated and led to substantial reductions in viral load. Sofosbuvir is undergoing further investigation as a possible backbone of an all-oral regimen for chronic HCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Lawitz
- Texas Liver Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Xiao Z, Wu L, Mo H, Kong T. Increased T Cell Chemotaxis Response to Staphylococcus Enterotoxin B Mediated Human Endothelial Cell Damage In Vitro. Scand J Immunol 2012; 75:147-56. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2011.02638.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sun SCC, Bae A, Qi X, Harris J, Wong KA, Miller MD, Mo H. Natural variation in drug susceptibility to HCV polymerase inhibitors in treatment-naïve HCV patient isolates. J Viral Hepat 2011; 18:861-70. [PMID: 21108698 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2010.01396.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Summary. To assess the natural variation in drug susceptibility among treatment-naïve hepatitis C virus (HCV) patient isolates, the susceptibilities of chimeric replicons carrying the HCV NS5B polymerase from up to 51 patient isolates against a panel of diverse HCV nonnucleoside polymerase inhibitors were evaluated using a replicon-based transient replication assay. Some patient to patient variation in susceptibility to the panel of three HCV nonnucleoside polymerase inhibitors was observed. Linear regression and correlation analyses revealed no correlations among the susceptibilities to the polymerase inhibitors tested. Our results suggest that variable antiviral responses to HCV nonnucleoside polymerase inhibitors may be observed because of the natural variation in baseline susceptibility. In addition, the lack of correlation among the susceptibilities to three classes of HCV polymerase inhibitors evaluated here supports their possible combined use in a combination therapy strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-C C Sun
- Department of Clinical Virology, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA 94404, USA
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Mo H, Yang C, Wang K, Wang Y, Huang M, Murray B, Qi X, Sun SC, Deshpande M, Rhodes G, Miller MD. Estimation of inhibitory quotient using a comparative equilibrium dialysis assay for prediction of viral response to hepatitis C virus inhibitors. J Viral Hepat 2011; 18:338-48. [PMID: 20456634 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2010.01314.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The relationship of inhibitory quotient (IQ) with the virologic response to specific inhibitors of human hepatitis C virus (HCV) and the best method to correct for serum protein binding in calculating IQ have not been addressed. A common method is to determine a fold shift by comparing the EC(50) values determined in cell culture in the absence and presence of human serum (fold shift in EC(50) ), but this method has a number of disadvantages. In the present study, the fold shifts in drug concentrations between 100% human plasma (HP) and cell culture medium (CCM) were directly measured using a modified comparative equilibrium dialysis (CED) assay for three HCV protease inhibitors (PIs) and for a novel HCV inhibitor GS-9132. The fold shift values in drug concentration between the HP and CCM (CED ratio) were ∼1 for SCH-503034, VX-950 and GS-9132 and 13 for BILN-2061. These values were ∼3-10-fold lower than the fold shift values calculated from the EC(50) assay for all inhibitors except BILN-2061. Using the CED values, a consistent pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic relationship was observed for the four HCV inhibitors analysed. Specifically, an approximate 1 log(10) reduction in HCV RNA was achieved with an IQ close to 1, while 2-3 and greater log(10) reductions in HCV RNA were achieved with IQ values of 3-5 and greater, respectively. Thus, use of CED to define IQ provides a predictive and quantitative approach for the assessment of the in vivo potency of HCV PIs and GS-9132. This method provides a framework for the evaluation of other classes of drugs that are bound by serum proteins but require the presence of serum for in vitro evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mo
- Department of Clinical Virology, Gilead Sciences Inc., Foster City, CA, USA.
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Mo H, Ng HY. An experimental study on the effect of spacer on concentration polarization in a long channel reverse osmosis membrane cell. Water Sci Technol 2010; 61:2035-2041. [PMID: 20389001 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2010.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This study was to experimentally investigate the performance and organic fouling behaviour in a 1-m long RO membrane channel with or without spacer for desalting. It was found that local permeate flux distributed heterogeneously along the long membrane channel without a spacer inserted due to exponential growth of concentration polarization, which also resulted in decreasing salt rejection and increasing organic fouling along the membrane channel in the downstream direction. This heterogeneity could be lessened by inserting a spacer into the channel, which mitigated concentration polarization due to the enhanced turbulence caused by a spacer, especially at the downstream portion of the channel. However, in the upstream of the channel, inserting a spacer exerted an additional vertical resistance which might counteract the effect of concentration polarization mitigation by a spacer and caused a lower permeate flux. This suggests that it is necessary to consider the integral effect of spacer for designing an RO membrane module and an overall RO system in order to prevent extra resistance, reduce concentration polarization and membrane fouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mo
- Department of Civil Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, E1A-07-03, Singapore 117576, Republic of Singapore.
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Diama A, Matthies B, Herwig KW, Hansen FY, Criswell L, Mo H, Bai M, Taub H. Structure and phase transitions of monolayers of intermediate-length n-alkanes on graphite studied by neutron diffraction and molecular dynamics simulation. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:084707. [PMID: 19725621 DOI: 10.1063/1.3212095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present evidence from neutron diffraction measurements and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of three different monolayer phases of the intermediate-length alkanes tetracosane (n-C(24)H(50) denoted as C24) and dotriacontane (n-C(32)H(66) denoted as C32) adsorbed on a graphite basal-plane surface. Our measurements indicate that the two monolayer films differ principally in the transition temperatures between phases. At the lowest temperatures, both C24 and C32 form a crystalline monolayer phase with a rectangular-centered (RC) structure. The two sublattices of the RC structure each consists of parallel rows of molecules in their all-trans conformation aligned with their long axis parallel to the surface and forming so-called lamellas of width approximately equal to the all-trans length of the molecule. The RC structure is uniaxially commensurate with the graphite surface in its [110] direction such that the distance between molecular rows in a lamella is 4.26 A=sqrt[3a(g)], where a(g)=2.46 A is the lattice constant of the graphite basal plane. Molecules in adjacent rows of a lamella alternate in orientation between the carbon skeletal plane being parallel and perpendicular to the graphite surface. Upon heating, the crystalline monolayers transform to a "smectic" phase in which the inter-row spacing within a lamella expands by approximately 10% and the molecules are predominantly oriented with the carbon skeletal plane parallel to the graphite surface. In the smectic phase, the MD simulations show evidence of broadening of the lamella boundaries as a result of molecules diffusing parallel to their long axis. At still higher temperatures, they indicate that the introduction of gauche defects into the alkane chains drives a melting transition to a monolayer fluid phase as reported previously.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Diama
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and the University of Missouri Research Reactor, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
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Liu SP, Liao EY, Chen J, Yang SM, Li JW, Sheng ZF, Mo H, Wu XP, Yao L, Dai RC. Effects of methylprednisolone on bone mineral density and microarchitecture of trabecular bones in rats with administration time and assessed by micro-computed tomography. Acta Radiol 2009; 50:93-100. [PMID: 19052933 DOI: 10.1080/02841850802613122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little research exists on the dynamic effects of glucocorticoids on bone mineral density (BMD) and microarchitecture of trabecular bones of rats assessed by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). PURPOSE To investigate time-related changes in the BMD and microarchitecture of trabeculae in rats exposed to glucocorticoid. MATERIAL AND METHODS Female Sprague-Dawley rats were recruited into a baseline group, glucocorticoid-treated groups, or control groups. Glucocorticoid-treated rats were given daily subcutaneous injections of methylprednisolone at a dosage of 3.5 mg/kg for 1 or 9 weeks. A high-resolution micro-CT was used to identify the densitometric and microarchitectural properties of trabeculae in both the proximal metaphysis of tibiae and the sixth lumbar vertebrae (L6). RESULTS Compared with baseline rats, volumetric BMD, tissue BMD, bone volume fraction, trabecular number, and degree of anisotropy of trabeculae from tibiae or L6 increased in control rats and glucocorticoid-treated rats with time; however, changes in the latter group were smaller. Compared with control rats at each time point, a decrease occurred in volumetric BMD, tissue BMD, bone volume fraction, trabecular number, degree of anisotropy, and trabecular connectivity density in trabecular bones from tibiae or L6 in glucocorticoid-treated rats. The decrease was greater in week 9 compared to week 1. Contrarily, an increase was noted in trabecular thickness, trabecular separation, and structure model index in glucocorticoid-treated rats. A time-related analysis within glucocorticoid-treated groups in both skeletal regions showed a decline in bone volume fraction, trabecular connectivity density, trabecular number, and degree of anisotropy with time, but trabecular thickness and trabecular separation were elevated. CONCLUSION Methylprednisolone can inhibit bone mineralization and bone mass gain with growth in rats. It can also deteriorate microarchitecture of trabeculae in a time-dependent or an accumulative dose-dependent manner. Further, the remaining trabeculae appear to thicken in order to adapt to altered stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. P. Liu
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - E. Y. Liao
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - J. Chen
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - S. M. Yang
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - J. W. Li
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Z. F. Sheng
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - H. Mo
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - X. P. Wu
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - L. Yao
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - R. C. Dai
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, P. R. China
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Rezania B, Oleszkiewicz JA, Cicek N, Mo H. Hydrogen-dependent denitrification in an alternating anoxic-aerobic SBR membrane bioreactor. Water Sci Technol 2005; 51:403-9. [PMID: 16004002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A novel hydrogenotrophic denitrification system, which consisted of a sequencing batch membrane bioreactor, was evaluated for simultaneous removal of nitrate and soluble microbial products (SMP) from a synthetic groundwater feed. A hollow fiber membrane diffuser was used for bubble-less diffusion of hydrogen into the bioreactor under anoxic condition followed by aerobic SMP removal and biomass filtration. During the anoxic period, the nitrate loading of 0.328 kg N m(-3) d(-1) was completely denitrified to below detectable levels. A denitrification rate of 0.8 kg N m(-3) d(-1) was obtained at steady state biomass concentrations of 1,162 mg I(-1). During the aerobic period when biomass filtration was performed, 81% of SMP produced within the anoxic phase was retained by the membrane, 9% was biologically removed, 5% was passed through the membrane and 5% was discharged during the wasting of mixed liquor. The aerobic cycle was instrumental as it allowed for effective biomass filtration via membrane scouring and assisted in further reduction of effluent organic matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Rezania
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3T SV6.
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Mo H, Oleszkiewicz JA, Cicek N, Rezania B. Incorporating membrane gas diffusion into a membrane bioreactor for hydrogenotrophic denitrification of groundwater. Water Sci Technol 2005; 51:357-64. [PMID: 16003997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A hydrogenotrophic denitrification system, comprising a suspended growth membrane bioreactor (MBR) with membrane hydrogen gas diffusion, was developed to remove nitrate from groundwater. A hollow fiber gas permeable membrane module was designed for hydrogen delivery and a commercially available hollow fiber membrane module was used for solid/liquid separation. The MBR was operated at an SRT of 20 days and at room temperature. Four nitrate loading rates of 24, 48, 96 and 192 NO3(-)-N mg I(-1) d(-1) were applied to the system. As the nitrate loading was raised, pH increased due to increased denitrification and release of OH- ions. The oxidation reduction potential (ORP) remained fairly stable when full denitrification was achieved, but increased when nitrate loading rates reached 192 NO3(-)-N mg I(-1) d(-1) and residual nitrate was present in the reactor. Nitrate removal was complete (100%) in the first three nitrate loadings and 72% in the system with 192 NO3(-)-N mg I(-1) d(-1). Nitrate utilization rates of 30.6, 23.4, and 37.7 g NO3(-)-N m(-3) d(-1) were achieved in the first three loadings. Average effluent dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration of approximately 8 mg l(-1) was observed in all four nitrate loading regimes, possibly owing to the generation and release of soluble microbial bi-products (SMP).
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mo
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg MB R3T 5V6, Canada.
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Mo H, Trogisch S, Taub H, Ehrlich SN, Volkmann UG, Hansen FY, Pino M. Structure and growth of dotriacontane films on SiO2 and Ag(111) surfaces: synchrotron X-ray scattering and molecular dynamics simulations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/pssa.200404894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Qin D, Ou G, Mo H, Song Y, Kang G, Hu Y, Gu X. Improved efficacy of chemotherapy for glioblastoma by radiation-induced opening of blood-brain barrier: clinical results. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2001; 51:959-62. [PMID: 11704317 DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(01)01735-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To improve the efficacy of chemotherapy for glioblastoma through the radiation-induced opening of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). METHODS AND MATERIALS In two previous articles, we have described the results of brain scanning using technetium 99m-labeled somatostatin and the measurement of methotrexate (MTX) concentrations in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) after i.v. injection. We discovered that the BBB and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier opened to a certain extent after 20- to 40-Gy irradiation, thus increasing the degree to which MTX permeated the brain tissue. On the basis of these findings, we retrospectively analyzed the outcome in 56 patients with glioblastoma given either chemotherapy (CCNU) after 20- to 40-Gy irradiation (28 patients) or radiation therapy alone (28 patients). RESULTS The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 57.14%, 22.50%, and 15.00% in the combined-therapy group and 17.86%, 7.14%, and 3.57% in the radiotherapy alone group, respectively. The respective median survival times were 29.11 +/- 6.99 and 9.86 +/- 3.45 months (p < 0.001), which represented a statistically significant difference. CONCLUSION Our study further confirms that opening of the BBB induced by irradiation with 20-40 Gy may optimize the effects of intracranial chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Qin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Mo H, Winter HC, Van Damme EJ, Peumans WJ, Misaki A, Goldstein IJ. Carbohydrate binding properties of banana (Musa acuminata) lectin I. Novel recognition of internal alpha1,3-linked glucosyl residues. Eur J Biochem 2001; 268:2609-15. [PMID: 11322880 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2001.02148.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Examination of lectins of banana (Musa acuminata) and the closely related plantain (Musa spp.) by the techniques of quantitative precipitation, hapten inhibition of precipitation, and isothermal titration calorimetry showed that they are mannose/glucose binding proteins with a preference for the alpha-anomeric form of these sugars. Both generate precipitin curves with branched chain alpha-mannans (yeast mannans) and alpha-glucans (glycogens, dextrans, and starches), but not with linear alpha-glucans containing only alpha1,4- and alpha1,6-glucosidic bonds (isolichenan and pullulan). The novel observation was made that banana and plantain lectins recognize internal alpha1,3-linked glucosyl residues, which occur in the linear polysaccharides elsinan and nigeran. Concanavalin A and lectins from pea and lentil, also mannose/glucose binding lectins, did not precipitate with any of these linear alpha-glucans. This is, the authors believe, the first report of the recognition of internal alpha1,3-glucosidic bonds by a plant lectin. It is possible that these lectins are present in the pulp of their respective fruit, complexed with starch.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mo
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The University of Michigan Medical School, USA
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Goldstein IJ, Winter HC, Mo H, Misaki A, Van Damme EJ, Peumans WJ. Carbohydrate binding properties of banana (Musa acuminata) lectin II. Binding of laminaribiose oligosaccharides and beta-glucans containing beta1,6-glucosyl end groups. Eur J Biochem 2001; 268:2616-9. [PMID: 11322881 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2001.02149.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This paper extends our knowledge of the rather bizarre carbohydrate binding poperties of the banana lectin (Musa acuminata). Although a glucose/mannose binding protein which recognizes alpha-linked gluco-and manno-pyranosyl groups of polysaccharide chain ends, the banana lectin was shown to bind to internal 3-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl units. Now we report that this lectin also binds to the reducing glucosyl groups of beta-1,3-linked glucosyl oligosaccharides (e.g. laminaribiose oligomers). Additionally, banana lectin also recognizes beta1,6-linked glucosyl end groups (gentiobiosyl groups) as occur in many fungal beta1,3/1,6-linked polysaccharides. This behavior clearly distinguishes the banana lectin from other mannose/glucose binding lectins, such as concanavalin A and the pea, lentil and Calystegia sepium lectins.
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Affiliation(s)
- I J Goldstein
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Qin D, Mo H, Ou G. [Therapeutic effect on glioblastoma of chemotherapy on the basis of brain irradiation]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2001; 23:168-9. [PMID: 11783028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the efficacy of chemotherapy for glioblastoma on the basis of brain irradiation. METHODS It was previously reported that the permeability of the blood brain barrier (BBB) to methotrexate could be increased by brain irradiation. In this study, glioblastoma patients were divided into 2 groups, 28 patients in each group. On group of patients was treated with CCNU or BCNU after having given 20-40 Gy irradiation to the brain. The other group of patients received radiation treatment alone. RESULTS The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rate of the two groups of patients was 57.1%, 22.5%, 15.0% and 17.9%, 7.1%, 3.6%, respectively. The median survival time was 29.7 +/- 7.0 and 9.7 +/- 3.5 months, respectively (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Increase in permeability of the BBB after 20-40 Gy brain irradiation may provide an optimal chance for intracranial chemotherapy of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Qin
- Cancer Institute (Hospital), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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Mo H, Moore RC, Cohen FE, Westaway D, Prusiner SB, Wright PE, Dyson HJ. Two different neurodegenerative diseases caused by proteins with similar structures. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2001; 98:2352-7. [PMID: 11226243 PMCID: PMC30142 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.051627998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The downstream prion-like protein (doppel, or Dpl) is a paralog of the cellular prion protein, PrP(C). The two proteins have approximately 25% sequence identity, but seem to have distinct physiologic roles. Unlike PrP(C), Dpl does not support prion replication; instead, overexpression of Dpl in the brain seems to cause a completely different neurodegenerative disease. We report the solution structure of a fragment of recombinant mouse Dpl (residues 26-157) containing a globular domain with three helices and a small amount of beta-structure. Overall, the topology of Dpl is very similar to that of PrP(C). Significant differences include a marked kink in one of the helices in Dpl, and a different orientation of the two short beta-strands. Although the two proteins most likely arose through duplication of a single ancestral gene, the relationship is now so distant that only the structures retain similarity; the functions have diversified along with the sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mo
- Department of Molecular Biology and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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