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Gong HZ, Wu MY, Li J, Zheng HY. The Great Imitator: Atypical Cutaneous Manifestations of Primary Syphilitic Chancre. Chin Med Sci J 2021; 36:279-283. [PMID: 34986964 DOI: 10.24920/003842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective To analyze the reasons of misdiagnosis of primary syphilitic chancre and strengthen the understanding of atypical features of this disease. Methods A case series of twenty-seven challenging primary syphilis patients who were not immediately recognized as chancre was included in our study. The clinical data including the patients' age, sex, skin lesions, HIV status, syphilis serologic test results, treatment, and follow-up results were collected. Hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemistry staining of skin biopsy sections were reviewed. Results Four female cases with extragenital chancres presenting as erythema or erosive skin lesions on the nipple were misdiagnosed as Paget's disease or eczema. The disorder of missed or misdiagnosed male cases manifested as syphilitic balanitis or multiple chancres on the penis root and adjacent pubis rather than coronal sulcus or frenum. Patients with nonreactive nontreponemal tests at initial presentation were also easily missed or misdiagnosed. Conclusion Primary syphilis presenting as multiple lesions rather than a single chancre, at atypical locations, or with a nonreactive nontreponemal test result, tends to be missed or misdiagnosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Zi Gong
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Meng-Yin Wu
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - He-Yi Zheng
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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Abstract
Syphilis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) share transmission routes. Syphilis infection can increase the risk of acquiring and transmitting HIV in key populations. The aims of this study were to investigate the risk factors and co-infection patterns for HIV, HBV and HCV in patients with syphilis. A retrospective study was conducted of 2,412 patients with syphilis (1,922 (79.68%) with latent syphilis, 336 (13.93%) with secondary syphilis, 78 (3.23%) with primary syphilis, 72 (2.99%) with tertiary syphilis, and 4 (0.17%) with congenital syphilis). Positive results were observed in 8.21% (134/1,620) of patients tested for HIV, 5.75% (82/1,427) for HBV, and 1.02% (14/1,374) for HCV, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that male sex (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 26.03; 95% confidence interval (CI) 10.37–65.36), age < 55 years, especially age group 25–34-years (AOR 8.06; 95% CI 4.16–15.61), diagnosed at the Department of Infectious Disease (AOR 19.16; 95% CI 9.74–37.69), patients from Southern China, which is a geographical area south of the Qinling-Huaihe line (AOR 1.86; 95% CI 1.06–3.26) and having a rapid plasma reagin titre ≥ 1:32 (AOR 1.88; 95% CI 1.12–3.15) were independently associated with HIV infection. Risk factors for HBV co-infection in patients with syphilis, including male sex (AOR 1.78; 95% CI 1.12–2.83) and living in Southern China (AOR 4.66; 95% CI, 2.36–9.17) were also identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Zi Gong
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, 100730 Beijing, China
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Gong HZ, Lang WY, Lan HN, Fan YY, Wang TP, Chu QR, Wang JH, Li D, Zheng X, Wu M. Effects of laying breeder hens dietary β-carotene, curcumin, allicin, and sodium butyrate supplementation on the jejunal microbiota and immune response of their offspring chicks. Poult Sci 2020; 99:3807-3816. [PMID: 32731966 PMCID: PMC7597918 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Our long-term goal is to improve chick health and reduce the use of antibiotics in the poultry industry via maternal effects. To link jejunal microbes with chicks' different immune levels and growth performance in our previous research, this study investigated jejunal microbes, jejunal inflammation, and immune responses based on a comparison between different groups. Newly hatched Hy-Line chicks were allotted into 3 groups: a chick control group (cCON), a ciprofloxacin lactate treatment group (Cipro)—the chicks of the cCON and Cipro groups were hatched from laying breeder hens given a basal diet—and a 5-wk β-carotene, curcumin, allicin, and sodium butyrate supplementation group (cCCAB), wherein chicks hatched from laying breeder hens. All groups were fed the same diet for 4 wk; the Cipro group was given ciprofloxacin lactate in drinking water continuously. At the end of the experiment, the results demonstrated that the jejunal microbes of the Cipro group showed significant changes in alpha and beta diversity, and in taxonomy at phylum and genus levels. Statistically, a total of 67 significantly enriched (P < 0.05) taxa were identified between groups by linear discriminant analysis effect size; Firmicutes was significantly enriched (P < 0.05) in the cCCAB group, 65 taxa were significantly enriched (P < 0.05) in the Cipro group, and 32 of the 65 enriched (P < 0.05) taxa were in the Proteobacteria phylum of the Cipro group. Levels of lipopolysaccharide in jejunal content, and nuclear factor kappa-B, and tumor necrosis factor-α in jejunums of the Cipro and cCCAB groups were increased (all P < 0.05) compared to those in the cCON group. There was obvious neutrophil infiltration and upregulated (all P < 0.05) IL-6 mRNA in the Cipro group jejunums compared to the cCON and cCCAB groups. The expression of PSME3 and PSME4 genes was upregulated (all P < 0.05) in the cCCAB group compared to the cCON and Cipro groups. In conclusion, ciprofloxacin lactate administration led to potential hazards in health and growth in chicks via microbial disturbances-induced jejunal inflammation, and laying breeder hens dietary supplementation with β-carotene, curcumin, allicin, and sodium butyrate could enhance jejunal immunity of their offspring via the interaction between host innate immunity selected microbial colonization and microbiota educated adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Z Gong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China 130118
| | - W Y Lang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China 130118
| | - H N Lan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China 130118
| | - Y Y Fan
- College of Foreign Languages, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China 130118
| | - T P Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China 130118
| | - Q R Chu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China 130118
| | - J H Wang
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China 130124
| | - D Li
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China 130124
| | - X Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China 130118; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security (Jilin Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Changchun, China 130118.
| | - M Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China 130118.
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Gong HZ, Wu M, Lang WY, Yang M, Wang JH, Wang YQ, Zhang Y, Zheng X. Effects of laying breeder hens dietary β-carotene, curcumin, allicin, and sodium butyrate supplementation on the growth performance, immunity, and jejunum morphology of their offspring chicks. Poult Sci 2020; 99:151-162. [PMID: 32416796 PMCID: PMC7587906 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the growth performance, immunity, and jejunum morphology of chicks hatched from laying breeder hens given dietary additive supplementation, as well as chicks receiving direct antibiotic supplementation in early life. Hy-line breeder hens were allotted to 2 groups with 3 replicates. A control group (CON) was fed a basal diet, and the treatment group (CCAB) received β-carotene, curcumin, allicin, and sodium butyrate in addition to basal diet for 5 wk. Breeder-hen eggs were collected and hatched. The chicks hatched from the CON group were assigned to 2 treatments: a chick control group (cCON) and a chick treatment group (Cipro) given ciprofloxacin lactate into drinking water; the cCON group, Cipro group, and the chicks hatched from the CCAB group (cCCAB) were fed the same diet for 4 wk. The results demonstrated that there were significant differences between the CON and CCAB groups in the serum levels of IgA, IgG, IgM (triple P < 0.01), lysozyme (P < 0.05), and β-defensin (P < 0.05). The body weights of the cCCAB group's chicks increased at 1, 7, and 28 D of age (P < 0.05, P < 0.05, P < 0.01, respectively), and those of the Cipro group's chicks increased at 7 and 21 D of age (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The tibial lengths of the cCCAB group's chicks increased at 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 D of age (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, triple P < 0.01), and the lengths in the Cipro group increased at 7 and 14 D of age (P < 0.01, P < 0.01). Intestinal development, including intestinal length, jejunum morphology, and IgA positive cells, helps to explain these results. The breeder eggs from the CCAB group had higher IgG (P < 0.05) and IgM (P < 0.05) levels in the egg whites and higher IgA, IgG, and IgM levels (triple P < 0.01) in the egg yolks. In conclusion, β-carotene, curcumin, allicin, and sodium butyrate supplementation of laying breeder hen diets produced more advantages in growth performance and intestinal development in offspring than in chicks directly supplemented with antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Z Gong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - M Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - W Y Lang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - M Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - J H Wang
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130124, China
| | - Y Q Wang
- Changchun Academy of Agricultural Science, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Changchun Academy of Agricultural Science, Changchun 130062, China
| | - X Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
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Gong HZ, Li J. Subungual Mass in a Middle-aged Woman. JAMA Oncol 2019; 5:1799-1800. [PMID: 31670743 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2019.4500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Zi Gong
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
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Gong HZ, Zhang S, Zheng HY, Qu T, Li J. The role of mechanical stress in the formation of plantar melanoma: a retrospective analysis of 72 chinese patients with plantar melanomas and a meta‐analysis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 34:90-96. [PMID: 31494985 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Z Gong
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - S Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - H Y Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - T Qu
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Zi Gong
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Li
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
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Hu LW, Gong HZ, Jun Yu D, Gao Q, Gao N, Wang M, Yan Y, Wang Y, Yu J, Liu Y. Diurnal variations in solar ultraviolet radiation on horizontal and vertical plane. Iran J Public Health 2010; 39:70-81. [PMID: 23113025 PMCID: PMC3481625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2009] [Accepted: 06/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In general, measurements of solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation are related to horizontal surfaces. While the humans walking and standing outdoors expose to the natural solar UV radiation, their eyes, cheeks, extremities, trunks, or many other anatomical sites are close to vertical plane and random orient to different directions. In this study, we characterized the diurnal variations in solar UV on horizontal and vertical plane which may be helpful to obtain more relevant information on UV exposure of humans. METHODS The UV exposure on vertical and horizontal plane were measured using Solar-UV Sensors in Shenyang (41°51″N, 123°27″E) and Sanya (18°19'N, 109°42'E), PR China. RESULTS As the well known, the diurnal variations in solar UV on horizontal plane in a sunny day exhibited unimodal distributions, reached a single UV peak exposure at around solar noon. However, the diurnal variations on vertical plane presented bimodal distributions, with two peaks in summer in Shenyang and Sanya, and a unimodal distribution in winter in Shenyang. In spring and autumn in Shenyang, the UV exposure around noon were slightly flat with no significant peaks but relative high. When the Solar Elevation Angle (SEA) is about 40°, the vertical plane may potentially receiving maximal unweighted total solar UV radiation exposures. CONCLUSION The results potentially showed that the protection of some vertical and near-vertical anatomical sites of human body from high UV exposure should not only focused on the periods of before and after noon especially in high SEA places.
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Affiliation(s)
- LW Hu
- Dept. of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - HZ Gong
- Dept. of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - D Jun Yu
- Dept. of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, 110036, China
| | - Q Gao
- Dept. of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - N Gao
- Dept. of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - M Wang
- Dept. of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Y Yan
- Dept. of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Y Wang
- Dept. of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Jiaming Yu
- Key Laboratory of Lens of Liaoning High School, Affiliated Forth Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Y Liu
- Dept. of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China,Corresponding author: Fax: 086 24 23264417, E-mail:
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