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Myeong JY, Jung HY, Chae HS, Cho HH, Kim DK, Jang YJ, Park JI. Protective Effects of the Postbiotic Lactobacillus plantarum MD35 on Bone Loss in an Ovariectomized Mice Model. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:541-551. [PMID: 37002419 PMCID: PMC10987357 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10065-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis is caused by estrogen deficiency, which impairs bone homeostasis, resulting in increased osteoclastic resorption without a corresponding increase in osteoblastic activity. Postbiotics have several therapeutic properties, including anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-osteoporotic effects. However, the beneficial effects of the postbiotic MD35 of Lactobacillus plantarum on bone have not been studied. In this study, we demonstrated that the postbiotic L. plantarum MD35, isolated from young radish water kimchi, influences osteoclast differentiation in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophage (BMM) culture. In addition, it was effective protecting against estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss in ovariectomized (OVX) mice, an animal model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. In BMM cells, postbiotic MD35 inhibited the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation by attenuating the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-related kinase, significantly suppressing the resorption activity and down-regulating the expression of RANKL-mediated osteoclast-related genes. In the animal model, the oral administration of postbiotic MD35 remarkably improved OVX-induced trabecular bone loss and alleviated the destruction of femoral plate growth. Therefore, postbiotic MD35 could be a potential therapeutic candidate for postmenopausal osteoporosis by suppressing osteoclastogenesis through the regulation of osteoclast-related molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Yeong Myeong
- Animal Facility of Aging Science, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju, 61751, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Yeon Jung
- Animal Facility of Aging Science, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju, 61751, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Seok Chae
- MEDINUTROL Co., Ltd., Yeonggwang, 57024, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyang Hyun Cho
- MEDINUTROL Co., Ltd., Yeonggwang, 57024, Republic of Korea
| | - Don-Kyu Kim
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Jee Jang
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Honam University, Gwangju, 62399, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae-Il Park
- Animal Facility of Aging Science, Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju, 61751, Republic of Korea.
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Kim JY, Hong JY, Kim SM, Ryu KH, Kim DS, Lee SH, Na JH, Cho HH, Yu J, Lee J. Socio-economic factors and medical conditions affecting regular stomach cancer screening in Korea: a retrospective longitudinal study using national public health data for 11 years. Public Health 2024; 227:70-77. [PMID: 38128357 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore socio-economic factors and medical conditions that affect regular stomach cancer (SC) screening among Korean adults. STUDY DESIGN This was a retrospective observational study. METHODS Study subjects were 5545 adults aged ≥40 years who participated in the 2007-2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and were followed up to year 2017 based on data linking to the Korean National Health Insurance Service and Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment. Socio-economic factors included sex, age, residential area, education, occupation, marital status, disability, public and private health insurance, service through local public health organizations, history of cancer except for SC, and family history of SC. Medical factors included six gastric lesions with the possibility of facilitating SC screening, including benign gastric neoplasm, chronic atrophic gastritis, gastric polyp, Helicobacter pylori infection, intestinal metaplasia, and peptic ulcers. The outcome was adherence to SC screening, which was divided into non-adherence, irregular adherence, and regular adherence. RESULTS After adjusting for the effects of socio-economic factors, multivariate ordinal logistic regression revealed that participants with a history of four types of gastric lesions were more likely to regularly participate in SC screening: chronic atrophic gastritis (odds ratio [OR] 1.567; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.276-1.923), gastric polyps (OR 1.565; 95% CI = 1.223-2.003), H. pylori infection (OR 1.637; 95% CI = 1.338-2.003), and peptic ulcer (OR 2.226; 95% CI 1.750-2.831). CONCLUSIONS To improve participation in SC screening, it is necessary to implement personalized strategies for individuals at risk for gastric cancer in addition to population-based strategies for vulnerable groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-Y Kim
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, South Korea; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - J Y Hong
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - S M Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, South Korea.
| | - K H Ryu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - D S Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - J H Na
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - H H Cho
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - J Yu
- Medical Data Research group, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - J Lee
- Medical Data Research group, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
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Noh HJ, Kim H, Heo SJ, Cho HH, Koh HB. Guanosine 5'-monophosphate-chelated calcium and iron feed additives maintains egg production and prevents Salmonella Gallinarum in experimentally infected layers. J Vet Sci 2017; 18:291-297. [PMID: 28057911 PMCID: PMC5639081 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2017.18.3.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the effects of guanosine 5'-monophosphate (GMP)-chelated calcium and iron (CaFe-GMP) on health and egg quality in layers experimentally infected with Salmonella Gallinarum. In this study, a CaFe-GMP feed additive was added to a commercial layer feed and fed to layers over a four-week period. All were inoculated with Salmonella Gallinarum. Body weight, mortality, clinical symptoms, and poultry production including feed intake, egg production, egg loss, and feed conversion rate were observed, and Salmonella Gallinarum was re-isolated from the liver, spleen, and cecum of the layers. All tested internal organs for the CaFe-GMP additive group exhibited significantly lower re-isolation numbers of Salmonella Gallinarum and less severe pathological changes than those in the control group, indicating that the CaFe-GMP feed supplement induced bacterial clearance and increased resistance to Salmonella Gallinarum. Additionally, due to the inhibitory action of CaFe-GMP on the growth of Salmonella Gallinarum, the CaFe-GMP additive group exhibited better egg production, including a higher laying rate and fewer broken eggs. The results suggest that a 0.16% CaFe-GMP additive may help prevent salmonellosis in the poultry industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Ji Noh
- Medinutrol Co., Ltd., Yeonggwang 57024, Korea
| | | | - Su Jeong Heo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | | | - Hong Bum Koh
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
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Noh HJ, Koh HB, Kim HK, Cho HH, Lee J. Anti-bacterial effects of enzymatically-isolated sialic acid from glycomacropeptide in a Helicobacter pylori-infected murine model. Nutr Res Pract 2016; 11:11-16. [PMID: 28194260 PMCID: PMC5300941 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2017.11.1.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) colonization of the stomach mucosa and duodenum is the major cause of acute and chronic gastroduodenal pathology in humans. Efforts to find effective anti-bacterial strategies against H. pylori for the non-antibiotic control of H. pylori infection are urgently required. In this study, we used whey to prepare glycomacropeptide (GMP), from which sialic acid (G-SA) was enzymatically isolated. We investigated the anti-bacterial effects of G-SA against H. pylori in vitro and in an H. pylori-infected murine model. MATERIALS/METHODS The anti-bacterial activity of G-SA was measured in vitro using the macrodilution method, and interleukin-8 (IL-8) production was measured in H. pylori and AGS cell co-cultures by ELISA. For in vivo study, G-SA 5 g/kg body weight (bw)/day and H. pylori were administered to mice three times over one week. After one week, G-SA 5 g/kg bw/day alone was administered every day for one week. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 levels were measured by ELISA to determine the anti-inflammatory effects of G-SA. In addition, real-time PCR was performed to measure the genetic expression of cytotoxin-associated gene A (cagA). RESULTS G-SA inhibited the growth of H. pylori and suppressed IL-8 production in H. pylori and in AGS cell co-cultures in vitro. In the in vivo assay, administration of G-SA reduced levels of IL-1β and IL-6 pro-inflammatory cytokines whereas IL-10 level increased. Also, G-SA suppressed the expression of cagA in the stomach of H. pylori-infected mice. CONCLUSION G-SA possesses anti-H. pylori activity as well as an anti-H. pylori-induced gastric inflammatory effect in an experimental H. pylori-infected murine model. G-SA has potential as an alternative to antibiotics for the prevention of H. pylori infection and H. pylori-induced gastric disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Ji Noh
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, 1732, Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi 17104, Korea
| | - Hong Bum Koh
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | | | | | - Jeongmin Lee
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, 1732, Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi 17104, Korea
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Keum CY, Lee MK, Kim HK, Cheung YJ, Cho HH, Kim JH, Kim MR. Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Adenomyomectomy: Successful Treatment of Adenomyosis Patients Wishing for Uterus-Sparing Treatment. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2016.08.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hwang YB, Cheung YJ, Lee MK, Kim HK, Cho HH, Kim JH, Kim MR. Comparing with Open Surgery, Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Adenomyomectomy Is a Feasible Option of Uterus-Sparing Surgery. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2016.08.798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kim YG, Kim HK, Kang SY, Chung YJ, Cho HH, Kim JH, Kim MR. Successfully Removed Unfavorably Located Myomas By Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Myomectomy. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2016; 22:S24-S25. [PMID: 27679155 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2015.08.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y G Kim
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H K Kim
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Y Kang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Y J Chung
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H H Cho
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M R Kim
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Sung CL, Lee CY, Cho HH, Huang YJ, Chen YF, Pan ZB, Yu HH, Zhang HJ, Wang JY. Theoretical and experimental studies for high-repetition-rate disordered crystal lasers with harmonic self-mode locking. Opt Express 2016; 24:3832-3838. [PMID: 26907036 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.003832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A harmonically self-mode-locked Nd:Sr3Y2/(BO3)4 disordered crystal laser with subpicosecond pulse duration is demonstrated. We exploit the damped harmonic oscillator model to numerically verify that the mode spacing of the laser cavity can be modified to be the harmonics of the free spectral range of the Fabry-Perot cavity when the optical length of the laser cavity is close to a commensurate ratio of the optical length of the Fabry-Perot cavity. In experiment, the Fabry-Perot cavity can be formed by the pump facet of the disordered crystal and the front mirror. A 110 GHz single-pulse harmonically mode-locked pulse train with pulse duration of 857 fs is experimentally achieved under optical lengths of 27.19 and 4.08 mm for the laser cavity and Fabry-Perot cavity respectively, corresponding to a fractional number of 20/3. A maximum output power of 162 mW is obtained at an incident pump power of 3.1 W.
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Kim YJ, Cho HH, Kim SO, Lee JB, Lee SC. Reconstruction algorithm for nasal basal cell carcinoma with skin involvement only: analysis of 221 cases repaired by minor surgery. Clin Exp Dermatol 2015; 40:728-34. [PMID: 25959078 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) often occurs on the nose. Reconstruction of the nose should yield excellent aesthetic and functional outcomes. AIM We propose a technical algorithm for the reconstruction of surgical defects, based on our analysis of 221 cases of nasal BCC with skin involvement only, which could be repaired by minor surgery. METHODS The aesthetic and functional outcomes for various reconstruction techniques were analysed according to defect location and size. A reconstruction algorithm was proposed with the aim of obtaining the best surgical results. RESULTS Defect location and size were key considerations. Primary closure was the first option for small defects (< 10 mm), with scores of 3.4 for objective aesthetic outcome (OAO), 3.2 for subjective aesthetic outcome (SAO) and 3.3 for subjective functional outcome (SFO). The first option for medium defects (1-20 mm) was the island pedicle flap, with scores of 3.5 for OAO, 3.2 for SAO and 3.7 for SFO. The first option for large defects (> 20 mm) was the transposition flap for the upper nose (scores of 2.0 for OAO and SAO and 3.0 for SFO) and the interpolation flap for the lower nose (2.8 for OAO and 2.9 for SAO and SFO). CONCLUSIONS We have proposed an algorithm to select the optimal technique for repairing nasal BCC surgical defects according to their size and location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - H H Cho
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - S O Kim
- Department of Urology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - J B Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - S C Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
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Lee SW, Cho HH, Kim MR, You YO, Kim SY, Hwang YB, Kim JH. Association between pelvic organ prolapse and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2014; 35:476-80. [PMID: 25325183 DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2014.961906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Both pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and osteoporosis are age-related diseases in older aged women. Both POP and bone metabolism may be associated with collagen metabolism. Our study determined the relationship between POP and bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine and femur neck in postmenopausal women. We selected 554 postmenopausal women (aged 50-79 years) and divided them into two groups (moderate to severe POP and absent to mild POP). We compared the BMDs of the lumbar spine and femur neck between the moderate to severe POP and absent to mild POP groups. Lumbar spine BMD was inversely correlated with POP severity (p = 0.001). However, after adjusting for age, time since menopause, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and vaginal delivery, the BMDs of both the lumbar spine and femur neck were not significantly different between the moderate to severe POP and absent to mild POP groups (p = 0.583 and p = 0.305, respectively). A lower BMD is associated with increased fracture risk and we postulated that women with severe POP would have an increased risk of osteoporotic fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Lee
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Hallym University Scared Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine , Anyang , Korea
| | - H H Cho
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The Catholic University of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - M R Kim
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The Catholic University of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - Y O You
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The Catholic University of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - S Y Kim
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The Catholic University of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - Y B Hwang
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The Catholic University of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - J H Kim
- b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The Catholic University of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Kim
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - H H Cho
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.,Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - H C Ko
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.,Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
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Cho HH, Song YH, Kim MR, Hwang SJ, Kim JH. Immunohistochemical changes of adenomyosis after heat therapy: comparison of radiofrequency myolysis and endoablation. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2012; 39:65-68. [PMID: 22675958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To check the pathologic changes of focal adenomyosis after heat therapy using radiofrequency and to evaluate which approach--endometrial ablation or direct heat therapy--is better for adenomyosis. To evaluate whether the timing of the procedure and the menstrual cycle are related to pathologic outcomes after heat therapy. METHODS This study included nine women who underwent total hysterectomy for adenomyosis (diameter, > or = 6 cm). Six fresh uteri were excised in the midline and subjected to radiofrequency heat therapy at the center of the adenomyomas (direct heat therapy) and three uteri were subjected to endometrial ablation. Thereafter, 1 cm(3) myometrial tissue was obtained at 1 cm, 2 cm, and 3 cm away from the endometrium. Tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Immunohistochemical analysis using antibodies against cytokerain-19 (CK-19), actin, and estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor (ER/PR) was performed to evaluate CK-19 (endometrial epithelium marker), actin (myometrial marker) and ER/PR (checking the state of the menstrual cycle), respectively. RESULTS After endometrial ablation, cauterized tissues were not noted 2 cm away from the endometrium. All tissues between the endometruim and center of adenomyosis were cauterized after direct heat therapy. During the uterine proliferative phase, unlike the secretory phase, subendometrial layers were cauterized 10 min after direct cauterization. CONCLUSION Direct heat therapy is more effective than endometrial ablation in adenomyosis, and heat is conducted effectively when the patients are in the proliferative phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catholic University Medical College, Seoul, Korea Republic
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Cho HH, Rhee DH, Choi JH. Heat/mass transfer characteristics on turbine shroud with blade tip clearance. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2001; 934:281-8. [PMID: 11460638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H H Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
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Abstract
This paper presents results for the calculation of particle trajectories in a cascade and a rocket nozzle using a Lagrangian method. When the floating particles collide to the components, the component surface is damaged severely. The surface erosion rate is strongly dependent on a particle size, a particle impact angle and a surface material. For a compressor cascade, the particle impact rate increases proportionally with the flow inlet angle and the erosion rate on the pressure side surface of blade are related to the surface or coating materials. For a solid rocket nozzle, the particle free zone in the nozzle divergent section increases quickly with increasing particle size and the maximum heat transfer density occurs at the starting region of nozzle convergent section. The Al2O3 droplet breaks up around the nozzle throat due to the high velocity difference between the droplet and gas stream, resulting in the big change of particle free zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
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Abstract
We investigated the effect of spirulina on mast cell-mediated immediate-type allergic reactions. Spirulina dose-dependently inhibited the systemic allergic reaction induced by compound 48/80 in rats. Spirulina inhibited compound 48/80-induced allergic reaction 100% with doses of 100-1000 microg/g body weight, i.p. Spirulina (10-1000 microg/g body weight, i.p.) also significantly inhibited local allergic reaction activated by anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE. When rats were pretreated with spirulina at a concentration ranging from 0.01 to 1000 microg/g body weight, i.p., the serum histamine levels were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. Spirulina (0.001 to 10 microg/mL) dose-dependently inhibited histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) activated by compound 48/80 or anti-DNP IgE. The level of cyclic AMP in RPMC, when spirulina (10 microg/mL) was added, transiently and significantly increased about 70-fold at 10 sec compared with that of control cells. Moreover, spirulina (10 microg/mL) had a significant inhibitory effect on anti-DNP IgE-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha production. These results indicate that spirulina inhibits mast cell-mediated immediate-type allergic reactions in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Kim
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbuk, South Korea.
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Hwang KS, Cho HH. [A preliminary study on the development of a probing force training device using biofeedback technics]. Taehan Chikkwa Uisa Hyophoe Chi 1985; 23:1039-44. [PMID: 3869198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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