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Li YQ, Ghafari M, Holbrook AJ, Boonen I, Amor N, Catalano S, Webster JP, Li YY, Li HT, Vergote V, Maes P, Chong YL, Laudisoit A, Baelo P, Ngoy S, Mbalitini SG, Gembu GC, Musaba AP, Goüy de Bellocq J, Leirs H, Verheyen E, Pybus OG, Katzourakis A, Alagaili AN, Gryseels S, Li YC, Suchard MA, Bletsa M, Lemey P. The evolutionary history of hepaciviruses. bioRxiv 2023:2023.06.30.547218. [PMID: 37425679 PMCID: PMC10327235 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.30.547218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
In the search for natural reservoirs of hepatitis C virus (HCV), a broad diversity of non-human viruses within the Hepacivirus genus has been uncovered. However, the evolutionary dynamics that shaped the diversity and timescale of hepaciviruses evolution remain elusive. To gain further insights into the origins and evolution of this genus, we screened a large dataset of wild mammal samples (n = 1,672) from Africa and Asia, and generated 34 full-length hepacivirus genomes. Phylogenetic analysis of these data together with publicly available genomes emphasizes the importance of rodents as hepacivirus hosts and we identify 13 rodent species and 3 rodent genera (in Cricetidae and Muridae families) as novel hosts of hepaciviruses. Through co-phylogenetic analyses, we demonstrate that hepacivirus diversity has been affected by cross-species transmission events against the backdrop of detectable signal of virus-host co-divergence in the deep evolutionary history. Using a Bayesian phylogenetic multidimensional scaling approach, we explore the extent to which host relatedness and geographic distances have structured present-day hepacivirus diversity. Our results provide evidence for a substantial structuring of mammalian hepacivirus diversity by host as well as geography, with a somewhat more irregular diffusion process in geographic space. Finally, using a mechanistic model that accounts for substitution saturation, we provide the first formal estimates of the timescale of hepacivirus evolution and estimate the origin of the genus to be about 22 million years ago. Our results offer a comprehensive overview of the micro- and macroevolutionary processes that have shaped hepacivirus diversity and enhance our understanding of the long-term evolution of the Hepacivirus genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- YQ Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - M Ghafari
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1, UK
| | - AJ Holbrook
- Department of Biostatistics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - I Boonen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - N Amor
- Laboratory of Biodiversity, Parasitology, and Ecology of Aquatic Ecosystems, Department of Biology - Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, 2092, Tunisia
| | - S Catalano
- School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, the Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Herts, AL9 7TA, UK
| | - JP Webster
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, the Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Herts, AL9 7TA, UK
| | - YY Li
- College of Life Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China
- Marine College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai, 264209, China
| | - HT Li
- College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China
- Marine College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai, 264209, China
| | - V Vergote
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - P Maes
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - YL Chong
- Animal Resource Science and Management Group, Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), 94300, Malaysia
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - A Laudisoit
- EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY 10018, USA
- Evolutionary Ecology group (EVECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, 2020, Belgium
| | - P Baelo
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - S Ngoy
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - SG Mbalitini
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - GC Gembu
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Akawa P Musaba
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - J Goüy de Bellocq
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Květná 8, 603 65 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - H Leirs
- Evolutionary Ecology group (EVECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, 2020, Belgium
| | - E Verheyen
- Evolutionary Ecology group (EVECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, 2020, Belgium
| | - OG Pybus
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1, UK
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, the Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Herts, AL9 7TA, UK
| | - A Katzourakis
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1, UK
| | - AN Alagaili
- Laboratory of Biodiversity, Parasitology, and Ecology of Aquatic Ecosystems, Department of Biology - Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, 2092, Tunisia
| | - S Gryseels
- Evolutionary Ecology group (EVECO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, 2020, Belgium
| | - YC Li
- Marine College, Shandong University (Weihai), Weihai, 264209, China
| | - MA Suchard
- Department of Biostatistics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - M Bletsa
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- Department of Hygiene Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 11527, Greece
| | - P Lemey
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
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Li Y, Bletsa M, Zisi Z, Boonen I, Gryseels S, Kafetzopoulou L, Webster JP, Catalano S, Pybus OG, Van de Perre F, Li H, Li Y, Li Y, Abramov A, Lymberakis P, Lemey P, Lequime S. Endogenous Viral Elements in Shrew Genomes Provide Insights into Pestivirus Ancient History. Mol Biol Evol 2022; 39:6692409. [PMID: 36063436 PMCID: PMC9550988 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msac190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
As viral genomic imprints in host genomes, endogenous viral elements (EVEs) shed light on the deep evolutionary history of viruses, ancestral host ranges, and ancient viral-host interactions. In addition, they may provide crucial information for calibrating viral evolutionary timescales. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive in silico screening of a large data set of available mammalian genomes for EVEs deriving from members of the viral family Flaviviridae, an important group of viruses including well-known human pathogens, such as Zika, dengue, or hepatitis C viruses. We identified two novel pestivirus-like EVEs in the reference genome of the Indochinese shrew (Crocidura indochinensis). Homologs of these novel EVEs were subsequently detected in vivo by molecular detection and sequencing in 27 shrew species, including 26 species representing a wide distribution within the Crocidurinae subfamily and one in the Soricinae subfamily on different continents. Based on this wide distribution, we estimate that the integration event occurred before the last common ancestor of the subfamily, about 10.8 million years ago, attesting to an ancient origin of pestiviruses and Flaviviridae in general. Moreover, we provide the first description of Flaviviridae-derived EVEs in mammals even though the family encompasses numerous mammal-infecting members. This also suggests that shrews were past and perhaps also current natural reservoirs of pestiviruses. Taken together, our results expand the current known Pestivirus host range and provide novel insight into the ancient evolutionary history of pestiviruses and the Flaviviridae family in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiao Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Magda Bletsa
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Zafeiro Zisi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ine Boonen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sophie Gryseels
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium,Belgium Evolutionary Ecology Group, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Liana Kafetzopoulou
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium,Virology Department, Belgium Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joanne P Webster
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Science, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Herts, AL9 7TA, UK
| | - Stefano Catalano
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Science, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Herts, AL9 7TA, UK
| | - Oliver G Pybus
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Science, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Herts, AL9 7TA, UK
| | | | - Haotian Li
- Marine College, Shandong University (Weihai), 264209 Weihai, China
| | - Yaoyao Li
- Marine College, Shandong University (Weihai), 264209 Weihai, China
| | - Yuchun Li
- Marine College, Shandong University (Weihai), 264209 Weihai, China
| | - Alexei Abramov
- Laboratory of Theriology, Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 190121 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - Philippe Lemey
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Boonen I, de Velde NVAN, Tandt H, De Smul C, Lemmens G. [Repetitive inappropriate sexual behaviour as a symptom of agitated depression: catatonic stereotypy?]. Tijdschr Psychiatr 2021; 63:301-304. [PMID: 33913147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Catatonia is a psychomotor syndrome characterised by multiple symptoms like stereotypies - repetitive, abnormally frequent, non-goal-directed movements. A problem is the lack of unanimity regarding the number of symptoms needed for diagnosis. We describe repetitive inappropriate sexual behaviour in a patient with bipolar depression and excited catatonia with Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale score of 12. Electroconvulsive therapy resulted in disappearance of catatonia and inappropriate sexual behaviour and remission of depression. A recurrent episode with similar inappropriate sexual behaviour was successfully treated with electroconvulsive therapy. We interpreted the repetitive inappropriate sexual behaviour as a catatonic stereotypy. Similar stereotypies are reported in children with autism. Tics and self-injury in patients with autism are described as a stereotypy within catatonia. The agitated depression is another possible diagnosis with the repetitive inappropriate sexual behaviour as an example of psychomotor agitation. More research is needed towards repetitive inappropriate sexual behaviour as a possible stereotypy within catatonia.
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Bletsa M, Vrancken B, Gryseels S, Boonen I, Fikatas A, Li Y, Laudisoit A, Lequime S, Bryja J, Makundi R, Meheretu Y, Akaibe BD, Mbalitini SG, Van de Perre F, Van Houtte N, Těšíková J, Wollants E, Van Ranst M, Pybus OG, Drexler JF, Verheyen E, Leirs H, Gouy de Bellocq J, Lemey P. Molecular detection and genomic characterization of diverse hepaciviruses in African rodents. Virus Evol 2021; 7:veab036. [PMID: 34221451 PMCID: PMC8242229 DOI: 10.1093/ve/veab036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV; genus Hepacivirus) represents a major public health problem, infecting about three per cent of the human population. Because no animal reservoir carrying closely related hepaciviruses has been identified, the zoonotic origins of HCV still remain unresolved. Motivated by recent findings of divergent hepaciviruses in rodents and a plausible African origin of HCV genotypes, we have screened a large collection of small mammals samples from seven sub-Saharan African countries. Out of 4,303 samples screened, eighty were found positive for the presence of hepaciviruses in twenty-nine different host species. We, here, report fifty-six novel genomes that considerably increase the diversity of three divergent rodent hepacivirus lineages. Furthermore, we provide strong evidence for hepacivirus co-infections in rodents, which were exclusively found in four sampled species of brush-furred mice. We also detect evidence of recombination within specific host lineages. Our study expands the available hepacivirus genomic data and contributes insights into the relatively deep evolutionary history of these pathogens in rodents. Overall, our results emphasize the importance of rodents as a potential hepacivirus reservoir and as models for investigating HCV infection dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Bletsa
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bram Vrancken
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sophie Gryseels
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Biology, Evolutionary Ecology Group, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ine Boonen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Antonios Fikatas
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yiqiao Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Sebastian Lequime
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Josef Bryja
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Rhodes Makundi
- Pest Management Center -Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Yonas Meheretu
- Department of Biology and Institute of Mountain Research & Development, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Benjamin Dudu Akaibe
- Department of Ecology and Animal Resource Management, Faculty of Science, Biodiversity Monitoring Center, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Sylvestre Gambalemoke Mbalitini
- Department of Ecology and Animal Resource Management, Faculty of Science, Biodiversity Monitoring Center, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Frederik Van de Perre
- Department of Biology, Evolutionary Ecology Group, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Natalie Van Houtte
- Department of Biology, Evolutionary Ecology Group, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jana Těšíková
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Elke Wollants
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marc Van Ranst
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Oliver G Pybus
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| | - Jan Felix Drexler
- Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Berlin, Germany
| | - Erik Verheyen
- Department of Biology, Evolutionary Ecology Group, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- OD Taxonomy and Phylogeny-Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Herwig Leirs
- Department of Biology, Evolutionary Ecology Group, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Philippe Lemey
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Vandermarken T, Boonen I, Gryspeirt C, Croes K, Van Den Houwe K, Denison MS, Gao Y, Van Hoeck E, Elskens M. Assessment of estrogenic compounds in paperboard for dry food packaging with the ERE-CALUX bioassay. Chemosphere 2019; 221:99-106. [PMID: 30634153 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Paperboard used as packaging, a non-inert material, can transfer chemicals into food. Over the years, endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), such as NonylPhenols (NPs), BisPhenol A (BPA) and phthalates have been shown to migrate from packaging materials into food. Due to chronic exposure and mixture effects of these EDCs, they could cause health effects even at very low doses. Many EDCs are still unknown and many more are still unregulated. The ERE-CALUX bioassay was used as a bioanalytical tool to investigate estrogenic activities of paperboard food packaging and its characteristics, including recycling rate and printing ink. A "worst case" scenario with full extraction is compared to a dry food migration experiment. By measuring an overall estrogenic activity, known and unknown estrogenic chemicals and mixture effects are taken into account and the data are compared to molecule specific analysis. Estrogenic activities ranged from 682 ± 66 pg E2 eq./dm2 to 3250 ± 400 pg E2 eq./dm2 for "worst case" extraction and from 347 ± 30 pg E2 eq./dm2 to 1350 ± 70 pg E2 eq./dm2 for migration experiments. A two-factor ANOVA revealed a relationship between estrogenic activity and the recycling rate of the paperboard, but no significant difference with printing ink was observed for these paperboard samples. Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) and 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester (DINCH) were determined in all extraction and migrations experiment samples. A Spearman rank correlation analysis showed a relationship between the estrogenic activity and the total phthalates as well as with each compound individually.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Vandermarken
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - I Boonen
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - C Gryspeirt
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - K Croes
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - K Van Den Houwe
- Department Food, Medicines and Consumer Safety, Sciensano, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M S Denison
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Y Gao
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - E Van Hoeck
- Department Food, Medicines and Consumer Safety, Sciensano, J. Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Elskens
- Department of Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Vandermarken T, Croes K, Van Langenhove K, Boonen I, Servais P, Garcia-Armisen T, Brion N, Denison MS, Goeyens L, Elskens M. Endocrine activity in an urban river system and the biodegradation of estrogen-like endocrine disrupting chemicals through a bio-analytical approach using DRE- and ERE-CALUX bioassays. Chemosphere 2018; 201:540-549. [PMID: 29533803 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The Zenne River, crossing the Brussels region (Belgium) is an extremely urbanized river impacted by both domestic and industrial effluents. The objective of this study was to monitor the occurrence and activity of Endocrine Active Substances (EAS) in river water and sediments in the framework of the Environmental Quality Standards Directive (2008/105/EC and 2013/39/EU). Activities were determined using Estrogen and Dioxin Responsive Elements (ERE and DRE) Chemical Activated Luciferase Gene Expression (CALUX) bioassays. A potential contamination source of estrogen active compounds was identified in the river at an industrial area downstream from Brussels with a peak value of 938 pg E2 eq./L water (above the EQS of 0.4 ng/L) and 195 pg E2 eq./g sediment. Estrogens are more abundantly present in the sediments than in the dissolved phase. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed high correlations between Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM), Particulate (POC) and Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) and estrogenic EAS. The dioxin fractions comply with previous data and all were above the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) low-level risk, with one (42 pg TCDD eq./g sediment) exceeding the high-level risk value for mammals. The self-purifying ability of the Zenne River regarding estrogens was examined with an in vitro biodegradation experiment using the bacterial community naturally present in the river. Hill coefficient and EC50 values (Effective Concentration at 50%) revealed a process of biodegradation in particulate and dissolved phase. The estrogenic activity was decreased by 80%, demonstrating the ability of self-purification of estrogenic compounds in the Zenne River.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Vandermarken
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department of Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - K Croes
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department of Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - K Van Langenhove
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department of Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - I Boonen
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department of Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Servais
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Department of Ecology of Aquatic Systems, Boulevard Du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - T Garcia-Armisen
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Department of Ecology of Aquatic Systems, Boulevard Du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - N Brion
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department of Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M S Denison
- University of California at Davis, Department of Environmental Toxicology, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - L Goeyens
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department of Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Elskens
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department of Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Boonen I, Bastiaenen C, de Bruin E. Machbarkeit und Wirkung des Plattformschaukel-Trainings für das Gleichgewicht gesunder älterer Menschen. physioscience 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1246084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Bixio D, Boonen I, Thoeye C, De Gueldre G. Experience with phosphorus removal and sludge handling and disposal in Flanders. Water Sci Technol 2005; 52:19-25. [PMID: 16235742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The way excess sludge must be disposed of is a key factor in the choice of the appropriate phosphorus removal technique at municipal wastewater treatment plants. In Europe the ongoing trend of tightening the sludge spreading rules called for a serious reduction of its agricultural utilisation and the expansion of the (co-)incineration disposal route, which led to a shift towards more sophisticated sludge handling techniques. This paper illustrates the impact of different sludge handling techniques on the performance of chemical and enhanced biological phosphorus removal at municipal WWTPs. The main conclusion is that although enhanced biological phosphorus removal is particularly sensitive to the problem of return liquors from sludge treatment processes indirect dewatering and anaerobic stabilisation cannot be discarded altogether when considering its implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bixio
- Aquafin NV, Dijkstraat 8, B-2630 Aartselaar, Belgium.
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Devisscher M, Boonen I. Simple operational tools for secondary settler operation--conceptual validation on an extended full-scale data set. Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci 2003; 68:151-4. [PMID: 15296150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Devisscher
- Aquafin NV, Dijkstraat 8, 2630 Aartselaar, Belgium.
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De Clercq J, Devisscher M, Boonen I, Vanrolleghem PA, Defrancq J. A new one-dimensional clarifier model--verification using full-scale experimental data. Water Sci Technol 2003; 47:105-112. [PMID: 12926676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A new one-dimensional clarifier model was developed, including components of existing models, and extended with a height-dependent cross-sectional area and two flowrate-dependent dispersion coefficients. This model is evaluated using data from a detailed one-month measuring campaign on a full-scale wastewater treatment plant. The data included hourly sludge concentration profile, sludge heights at 10 minute intervals, sludge concentrations in inlet, effluent and recycle flows and regular settling properties characterised by batch setting tests. Due to the poor quality concentration measurements at the surface of the clarifier, the model was not calibrated to perform well in concentration predictions at this surface. However, excellent descriptive capabilities were obtained for sludge profiles and blanket level. The Cho et al. setting velocity function was found to be significantly better in terms of description capability than the more traditional Vesilind function.
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Affiliation(s)
- J De Clercq
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technical Chemistry, Ghent University, Technologiepark 9, B9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium.
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Bixio D, Parmentier G, Boonen I, Thoeye C. Renovation of the WWTP hove. Meded Rijksuniv Gent Fak Landbouwkd Toegep Biol Wet 2001; 66:103-10. [PMID: 15954569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The provision of reliable treatment has always been a priority in sanitary engineering. However, there is an ever-increasing pressure to meet desirable standards at reduced costs. This paper sets out a methodology to enhance the likelihood of a satisfactory allocation of the resources while providing reliable treatment. The procedure was gradually developed to optimise the massive capital investment of the Flemish Government to comply with the effluent standards set in the EU Directive 271/91. The methodology makes an extended use of dynamic modelling. To facilitate the identification and estimation of the uncertainty, a probabilistic Monte Carlo engine is coupled to the dynamic models. In doing so this approach provides a way of explicitly incorporating uncertainty and variability in the process analysis. The procedure is examined in an upgrade of a conventional WWTP towards stricter effluent norms on nutrients. The results suggest that the procedure can support the decision-making process under uncertainty conditions and enhance the likelihood of meeting effluent standards not entailing above-normal capital investments. The analysis led to reducing the capital investment by 43%, producing savings of more than 1.2 million Euros.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bixio
- AQUAFIN NV, Technology Dept, Dijkstraat 8, B-2630 Aartselaar, Belgium
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