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Horáček I, Benda P. Vladimír Hanák (1931–2022). J Mammal 2023. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyad019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Horáček
- Department of Zoology, Charles University , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Petr Benda
- Department of Zoology, National Museum (Natural History) , Prague , Czech Republic
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2
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Baca M, Popović D, Agadzhanyan AK, Baca K, Conard NJ, Fewlass H, Filek T, Golubiński M, Horáček I, Knul MV, Krajcarz M, Krokhaleva M, Lebreton L, Lemanik A, Maul LC, Nagel D, Noiret P, Primault J, Rekovets L, Rhodes SE, Royer A, Serdyuk NV, Soressi M, Stewart JR, Strukova T, Talamo S, Wilczyński J, Nadachowski A. Ancient DNA of narrow-headed vole reveal common features of the Late Pleistocene population dynamics in cold-adapted small mammals. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20222238. [PMID: 36787794 PMCID: PMC9928523 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.2238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The narrow-headed vole, collared lemming and common vole were the most abundant small mammal species across the Eurasian Late Pleistocene steppe-tundra environment. Previous ancient DNA studies of the collared lemming and common vole have revealed dynamic population histories shaped by climatic fluctuations. To investigate the extent to which species with similar adaptations share common evolutionary histories, we generated a dataset comprised the mitochondrial genomes of 139 ancient and 6 modern narrow-headed voles from several sites across Europe and northwestern Asia covering approximately the last 100 thousand years (kyr). We inferred Bayesian time-aware phylogenies using 11 radiocarbon-dated samples to calibrate the molecular clock. Divergence of the main mtDNA lineages across the three species occurred during marine isotope stages (MIS) 7 and MIS 5, suggesting a common response of species adapted to open habitat during interglacials. We identified several time-structured mtDNA lineages in European narrow-headed vole, suggesting lineage turnover. The timing of some of these turnovers was synchronous across the three species, allowing us to identify the main drivers of the Late Pleistocene dynamics of steppe- and cold-adapted species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Baca
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Danijela Popović
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Katarzyna Baca
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Nicholas J Conard
- Department of Early Prehistory and Quaternary Ecology and.,Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Helen Fewlass
- Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Filek
- Department of Palaeontology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Ivan Horáček
- Department of Zoology, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Monika V Knul
- Department of Archaeology, Anthropology and Geography, University of Winchester, Winchester, UK
| | - Magdalena Krajcarz
- Institute of Archaeology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Toruń, Poland
| | - Maria Krokhaleva
- Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Loïc Lebreton
- Department of Human and Environment, (HNHP) UMR 7194MNHN-CNRS-UPVD, National Museum of Natural History, Paris, France.,Catalan Institute of Human Paleoecology and Social Evolution (IPHES-CERCA), Tarragona, Spain.,Department of History and Art History, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Anna Lemanik
- Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland
| | - Lutz C Maul
- Senckenberg Research Station of Quaternary Palaeontology, Weimar, Germany
| | - Doris Nagel
- Department of Palaeontology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Pierre Noiret
- Research Group Prehistory, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jérome Primault
- DRAC/SRA Poitou-Charentes, Ministry of Culture and Communications, Poitiers, France
| | - Leonid Rekovets
- Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Sara E Rhodes
- Interdisciplinary Center for Archaeology and Evolution of Human Behavior, University of Algavre, Faro, Portugal
| | - Aurélien Royer
- Biogéosciences, UMR 6282 CNRS, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France
| | - Natalia V Serdyuk
- Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marie Soressi
- Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - John R Stewart
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
| | - Tatiana Strukova
- Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Sahra Talamo
- Department of Chemistry G. Ciamician, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Jarosław Wilczyński
- Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland
| | - Adam Nadachowski
- Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland
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Bachorec E, Horáček I, Hulva P, Konečný A, Lučan RK, Jedlička P, Shohdi WM, Řeřucha Š, Abi‐Said M, Bartonička T. Egyptian fruit bats do not preferentially roost with their relatives. J Zool (1987) 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Bachorec
- Department of Botany and Zoology Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| | - I. Horáček
- Department of Zoology Charles University in Prague Prague Czech Republic
| | - P. Hulva
- Department of Zoology Charles University in Prague Prague Czech Republic
| | - A. Konečný
- Department of Botany and Zoology Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| | - R. K. Lučan
- Department of Zoology Charles University in Prague Prague Czech Republic
| | - P. Jedlička
- Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Czech Academy of Sciences (ISI) Brno Czech Republic
| | | | - Š. Řeřucha
- Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Czech Academy of Sciences (ISI) Brno Czech Republic
| | - M. Abi‐Said
- Department of Earth and Life Sciences Faculty of Sciences II Lebanese University JdeidehFanar Lebanon
| | - T. Bartonička
- Department of Botany and Zoology Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
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4
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Bachorec E, Horáček I, Hulva P, Konečný A, Lučan RK, Jedlička P, Shohdi WM, Řeřucha Š, Abi-Said M, Bartonička T. Spatial networks differ when food supply changes: Foraging strategy of Egyptian fruit bats. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229110. [PMID: 32097434 PMCID: PMC7041839 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Animals are faced with a range of ecological constraints that shape their behavioural decisions. Habitat features that affect resource abundance will also have an impact, especially as regards spatial distribution, which will in turn affect associations between the animals. Here we utilised a network approach, using spatial and genetic data, to describe patterns in use of space (foraging sites) by free-ranging Egyptian fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) at the Dakhla Oasis in Egypt. We observed a decrease in home range size during spring, when food availability was lowest, which was reflected by differences in space sharing networks. Our data showed that when food was abundant, space sharing networks were less connected and more related individuals shared more foraging sites. In comparison, when food was scarce the bats had few possibilities to decide where and with whom to forage. Overall, both networks had high mean degree, suggesting communal knowledge of predictable food distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Bachorec
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Kotlářská, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Horáček
- Department of Zoology, Charles University in Prague, Viničná, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hulva
- Department of Zoology, Charles University in Prague, Viničná, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Konečný
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Kotlářská, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Radek K. Lučan
- Department of Zoology, Charles University in Prague, Viničná, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Jedlička
- Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Czech Academy of Sciences (ISI), Královopolská, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Šimon Řeřucha
- Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Czech Academy of Sciences (ISI), Královopolská, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Mounir Abi-Said
- Department of Earth and Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Tomáš Bartonička
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Kotlářská, Brno, Czech Republic
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Kipson M, Šálek M, Lučan R, Uhrin M, Maxinová E, Bartonička T, Andreas M, Kipson K, Pušić A, Rnjak D, Naďo L, Horáček I. Foraging Habitat, Home-Range Size and Diet of a Mediterranean Bat Species, Savi's Pipistrelle. Acta Chiropterologica 2019. [DOI: 10.3161/15081109acc2018.20.2.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Kipson
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 7, 128 44 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Šálek
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Květná 8, 603 65 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Lučan
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 7, 128 44 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marcel Uhrin
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Moyzesova 11, 04001 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Edita Maxinová
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Moyzesova 11, 04001 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Tomáš Bartonička
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Andreas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Rokitanského 62, 50003 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Dina Rnjak
- Geonatura Ltd. Consultancy in Nature Protection, Fallerovo šetalište 22, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ladislav Naďo
- Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Ľ. Štúra 2, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - Ivan Horáček
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 7, 128 44 Prague, Czech Republic
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6
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Harazim M, Horáček I, Jakešová L, Luermann K, Moravec JC, Morgan S, Pikula J, Sosík P, Vavrušová Z, Zahradníková A, Zukal J, Martínková N. Natural selection in bats with historical exposure to white-nose syndrome. BMC ZOOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1186/s40850-018-0035-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Pyšková K, Kauzál O, Storch D, Horáček I, Pergl J, Pyšek P. Carnivore distribution across habitats in a central-European landscape: a camera trap study. Zookeys 2018:227-246. [PMID: 30002596 PMCID: PMC6041352 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.770.22554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative data on local variation in patterns of occurrence of common carnivore species, such as the red fox, European badger, or martens in central Europe are largely missing. We conducted a study focusing on carnivore ecology and distribution in a cultural landscape with the use of modern technology. We placed 73 automated infra-red camera traps into four different habitats differing in water availability and canopy cover (mixed forest, wetland, shrubby grassland and floodplain forest) in the Polabí region near Prague, Czech Republic. Each habitat was represented by three or four spatially isolated sites within which the camera traps were distributed. During the year of the study, we recorded nine carnivore species, including the non-native golden jackal. Habitats with the highest numbers of records pooled across all species were wetland (1279) and shrubby grassland (1014); fewer records were made in mixed (876) and floodplain forest (734). Habitat had a significant effect on the number of records of badger and marten, and a marginally significant effect on fox. In terms of seasonal dynamics, there were significant differences in the distribution of records among seasons in fox, marginally significant in least weasel, and the occurrence among seasons did not differ for badger and marten. In the summer, fox and marten were more active than expected by chance during the day, while the pattern was opposite in winter when they were more active during the night. Our findings on habitat preferences and circadian and seasonal activity provided the first quantitative data on patterns whose existence was assumed on the basis of conventional wisdom. Our study demonstrates the potential of a long-term monitoring approach based on infra-red camera traps. Generally, the rather frequent occurrence of recorded species indicates that most carnivore species are thriving in current central-European landscapes characterized by human-driven disturbances and urbanization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klára Pyšková
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic.,Institute of Botany, Department of Invasion Ecology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-25243 Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Kauzál
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic.,Institute of Botany, Department of Invasion Ecology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-25243 Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - David Storch
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic.,Center for Theoretical Study, Charles University and The Czech Academy of Sciences, Jilská 1, CZ-11000, Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Horáček
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Pergl
- Institute of Botany, Department of Invasion Ecology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-25243 Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Pyšek
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic.,Institute of Botany, Department of Invasion Ecology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-25243 Průhonice, Czech Republic
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8
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Kallistová A, Skála R, Šlouf M, Čejchan P, Matulková I, Horáček I. Enamel apatite crystallinity significantly contributes to mammalian dental adaptations. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5544. [PMID: 29615748 PMCID: PMC5882951 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23826-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The monophyodont molar teeth, prismatic enamel and the complexity of enamel microarchitecture are regarded as essential dental apomorphies of mammals. As prominent background factors of feeding efficiency and individual longevity these characters are crucial components of mammalian adaptive dynamics. Little is known, however, to which degree these adaptations are influenced by the crystallographic properties of elementary hydroxyapatite crystallites, the only inorganic component of enamel. In a miniature pig where individual molars differ significantly in duration of their development and in enamel resistance to attrition stress, we found highly significant differences between the molars in the size of crystallites, amount of microstrain, crystallinity and in enamel stiffness and elasticity, all clearly scaled with the duration of tooth calcification. The same pattern was found also in red deer bearing different molar type. The results suggest that the prolongation of tooth development is associated with an increase of crystallinity, i.e. the atomic order of enamel hydroxyapatite, an obvious component of micromechanical property of mature enamel. This relation could contribute to prolongation of dental development, characteristic of mammals in general. The aspects of enamel crystallinity, omitted in previous studies on mammalian and vertebrate dental evolution, are to be taken in account in these topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kallistová
- Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral Resources, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, Prague, 2, Czech Republic. .,Institute of Geology of the CAS, v.v.i., Rozvojová 269, Prague, 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Roman Skála
- Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral Resources, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, Prague, 2, Czech Republic.,Institute of Geology of the CAS, v.v.i., Rozvojová 269, Prague, 6, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Šlouf
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the CAS v.v.i., Heyrovského náměstí 2, Prague, 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Čejchan
- Institute of Geology of the CAS, v.v.i., Rozvojová 269, Prague, 6, Czech Republic
| | - Irena Matulková
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8, Prague, 2, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Horáček
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, Prague, 2, Czech Republic.
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9
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Centeno-Cuadros A, Hulva P, Romportl D, Santoro S, Stříbná T, Shohami D, Evin A, Tsoar A, Benda P, Horáček I, Nathan R. Habitat use, but not gene flow, is influenced by human activities in two ecotypes of Egyptian fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus). Mol Ecol 2017; 26:6224-6237. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.14365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Centeno-Cuadros
- Movement Ecology Laboratory; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior; Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem Israel
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering; University Pablo de Olavide; Sevilla Spain
| | - P. Hulva
- Department of Zoology; Charles University; Prague Czech Republic
- Department of Biology and Ecology; University of Ostrava; Ostrava Czech Republic
| | - D. Romportl
- Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology; Charles University in Prague; Prague Czech Republic
| | - S. Santoro
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering; University Pablo de Olavide; Sevilla Spain
- Department of Ethology and Biodiversity Conservation; Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC); Seville Spain
| | - T. Stříbná
- Department of Zoology; Charles University; Prague Czech Republic
| | - D. Shohami
- Movement Ecology Laboratory; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior; Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem Israel
| | - A. Evin
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution; Université de Montpellier; Montpellier France
| | - A. Tsoar
- Movement Ecology Laboratory; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior; Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem Israel
| | - P. Benda
- Department of Zoology; Charles University; Prague Czech Republic
- Department of Zoology; National Museum (Natural History); Prague Czech Republic
| | - I. Horáček
- Department of Zoology; Charles University; Prague Czech Republic
| | - R. Nathan
- Movement Ecology Laboratory; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior; Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem Israel
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10
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Abstract
Wood mice of the genus Apodemus are an essential component of small mammal communities throughout Europe. Molecular data suggest the postglacial colonization of current ranges from south European glacial refugia, different in particular species. Yet, details on the course of colonization and Holocene history of particular species are not available, partly because of a lack of reliable criteria for species identification in the fossil record. Using a sample of extant species, we analyzed variation patterns and between-species overlaps for a large set of metric and non-metric dental variables and established the criteria enabling the reliable species identification of fragmentary fossil material. The corresponding biometrical analyses were undertaken with fossil material of the genus (2528 items, 747 MNI) from 22 continuous sedimentary series in the Czech Republic and Slovakia, from LGM to Recent. In Central Europe, the genus is invariantly absent in LGM assemblages but regularly appears during the Late Vistulian. All the earliest records belong to A. flavicollis, the species clearly predominating in the fossil record until the Late Holocene. A. uralensis accompanied it in all regions until the late Boreal when disappeared from the fossil record (except for Pannonia). A few items identified as A. sylvaticus had already appeared in the early Holocene assemblages, first in the western part of the region, yet the regular appearance of the species is mostly in the post-Neolithic age. A. agrarius appeared sparsely from the Boreal with a maximum frequency during the post-Neolithic period. The results conform well to the picture suggested by molecular phylogeography but demonstrate considerable differences among particular species in dynamic of the range colonization. Further details concerning Holocene paleobiogeography of individual species in the medium latitude Europe are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markéta Knitlová
- Department of Zoology, Charles University, Viničná 7, Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Horáček
- Department of Zoology, Charles University, Viničná 7, Praha 2, Czech Republic
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11
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Kallistová A, Horáček I, Šlouf M, Skála R, Fridrichová M. Mammalian enamel maturation: Crystallographic changes prior to tooth eruption. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171424. [PMID: 28196135 PMCID: PMC5308864 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Using the distal molar of a minipig as a model, we studied changes in the microstructural characteristics of apatite crystallites during enamel maturation (16-23 months of postnatal age), and their effects upon the mechanical properties of the enamel coat. The slow rate of tooth development in a pig model enabled us to reveal essential heterochronies in particular components of the maturation process. The maturation changes began along the enamel-dentine junction (EDJ) of the trigonid, spreading subsequently to the outer layers of the enamel coat to appear at the surface zone with a 2-month delay. Correspondingly, at the distal part of the tooth the timing of maturation processes is delayed by 3-5 month compared to the mesial part of the tooth. The early stage of enamel maturation (16-20 months), when the enamel coat is composed almost exclusively of radial prismatic enamel, is characterized by a gradual increase in crystallite thickness (by a mean monthly increment of 3.8 nm); and an increase in the prism width and thickness of crystals composed of elementary crystallites. The late stage of maturation (the last two months prior to tooth eruption), marked with the rapid appearance of the interprismatic matrix (IPM) during which the crystals densely infill spaces between prisms, is characterized by an abrupt decrease in microstrain and abrupt changes in the micromechanical properties of the enamel: a rapid increase in its ability to resist long-term load and its considerable hardening. The results suggest that in terms of crystallization dynamics the processes characterizing the early and late stage of mammalian enamel maturation represent distinct entities. In regards to common features with enamel formation in the tribosphenic molar we argue that the separation of these processes could be a common apomorphy of mammalian amelogenetic dynamics in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kallistová
- Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral Resources, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 6, Czech Republic
- Institute of Geology of the CAS, v.v.i., Rozvojová 269, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Horáček
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 7, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
| | - Miroslav Šlouf
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of CAS v.v.i., Heyrovského náměstí 2, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Skála
- Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Mineral Resources, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 6, Czech Republic
- Institute of Geology of the CAS, v.v.i., Rozvojová 269, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Fridrichová
- Institute of Geology of the CAS, v.v.i., Rozvojová 269, Prague 6, Czech Republic
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12
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Pyšková K, Storch D, Horáček I, Kauzál O, Pyšek P. Golden jackal ( Canis aureus) in the Czech Republic: the first record of a live animal and its long-term persistence in the colonized habitat. Zookeys 2016:151-163. [PMID: 28138295 PMCID: PMC5240352 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.641.10946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A golden jackal (Canis aureus) individual was recorded ~40 km east of Prague in the Czech Republic. It is the first record of a living golden jackal in the country; up to now several individuals have been recorded but all of them were either shot dead or killed by a vehicle. The observed animal was documented by camera traps set up for research of carnivore diversity in different habitats in the study area. It was first photographed on 19 June 2015, and in total there were 57 records made by 12 traps until 24 March 2016 when the animal was still present in the area. Forty-nine of the 57 records were made in a shrubby grassland over an area of ~100 ha, 39% of sightings were during the day and 61% in the night. There were two distinct peaks in the circadian activity of the animal, from 4 to 10 a.m., and from 6 p.m. to midnight. We also review the verified records of the golden jackal in the Czech Republic, some of which were only published in local hunting magazines. However, the observation reported in this paper represents the first evidence of a long-term occurrence in Europe of the same golden jackal individual, that persisted for at least nine months and over winter, northwest of Hungarian-Austrian border where the population has been known to reproduce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klára Pyšková
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic; Institute of Botany, Department of Invasion Ecology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-25243 Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - David Storch
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic; Center for Theoretical Study, Charles University and The Czech Academy of Sciences, Jilská 1, CZ-11000, Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Horáček
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Kauzál
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic; Institute of Botany, Department of Invasion Ecology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-25243 Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Pyšek
- Institute of Botany, Department of Invasion Ecology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-25243 Průhonice, Czech Republic; Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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Bartonička T, Bandouchova H, Berková H, Blažek J, Lučan R, Horáček I, Martínková N, Pikula J, Řehák Z, Zukal J. Deeply torpid bats can change position without elevation of body temperature. J Therm Biol 2016; 63:119-123. [PMID: 28010809 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Because body temperature is tightly coupled to physiological function, hibernating animals entering deep torpor are typically immobile. We analysed thermal behaviour and locomotory activity of hibernating greater mouse-eared bats Myotis myotis and found two types of movement behaviour related to body temperature, i.e. movement at high fur temperature and at low fur temperatures (Tflow; <5°C). First Tflow movements appeared at the beginning of March and often occurred during long torpor bouts. In most cases, Tflow events represented slow displacements between clusters of bats. In several cases, however, departure or arrivals from and into clusters was also recorded without any elevation in body temperature. Distance travelled, flight duration and speed of locomotion during Tflow events was lower than in high fur temperature events. Such behaviour could allow bats to save energy long-term and prolong torpor bouts. Tflow movement in torpid bats significantly changes our understanding of basic hibernation principles and we strongly recommend further studies on the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Bartonička
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia.
| | - Hana Bandouchova
- Department of Ecology and Diseases of Game, Fish and Bees; University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - Hana Berková
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czechia
| | - Ján Blažek
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Radek Lučan
- Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Ivan Horáček
- Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Natália Martínková
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czechia; Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Pikula
- Department of Ecology and Diseases of Game, Fish and Bees; University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - Zdeněk Řehák
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia; Faculty of Education, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Zukal
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czechia
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Bilgin R, Gürün K, Rebelo H, Puechmaille SJ, Maracı Ö, Presetnik P, Benda P, Hulva P, Ibáñez C, Hamidovic D, Fressel N, Horáček I, Karataş A, Karataş A, Allegrini B, Georgiakakis P, Gazaryan S, Nagy ZL, Abi-Said M, Lučan RK, Bartonička T, Nicolaou H, Scaravelli D, Karapandža B, Uhrin M, Paunović M, Juste J. Circum-Mediterranean phylogeography of a bat coupled with past environmental niche modeling: A new paradigm for the recolonization of Europe? Mol Phylogenet Evol 2016; 99:323-336. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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15
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Lučan RK, Bartonička T, Jedlička P, Řeřucha Š, Šálek M, Čížek M, Nicolaou H, Horáček I. Spatial activity and feeding ecology of the endangered northern population of the Egyptian fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus). J Mammal 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyw014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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16
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Häuselmann P, Mihevc A, Pruner P, Horáček I, Čermák S, Hercman H, Sahy D, Fiebig M, Hajna NZ, Bosák P. Snežna jama (Slovenia): Interdisciplinary dating of cave sediments and implication for landscape evolution. Geomorphology (Amst) 2015; 247:10-24. [PMID: 26516294 PMCID: PMC4581040 DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Caves are important markers of surface evolution, since they are, as a general rule, linked with ancient valley bottoms by their springs. However, caves can only be dated indirectly by means of the sediments they contain. If the sediment is older than common dating methods, one has to use multiple dating approaches in order to get meaningful results. U/Th dating, palaeomagnetic analysis of flowstone and sediment profiles, cosmogenic dating of quartz pebbles, and mammalian dating allowed a robust estimate of speleogenesis, sediment deposition, climatic change at the surface, and uplift history on the Periadriatic fault line during the Plio-Pleistocene. Our dates indicate that Snežna jama was formed in the (Upper) Miocene, received its sedimentary deposits during the Pliocene in a rather low-lying, hilly landscape, and became inactive due to uplift along the Periadriatic and Sava faults and climatic changes at the beginning of the Quaternary. Although it is only a single cave, the information contained within it makes it an important site of the Southern Alps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Häuselmann
- Swiss Institute for Speleology and Karst Studies SISKA, c.p. 818, 2301 La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland
| | - Andrej Mihevc
- Karst Research Institute, Scientific Research Centre, Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Titov trg 2, 6230 Postojna, Slovenia
| | - Petr Pruner
- Institute of Geology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Rozvojová 269, 165 00 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Horáček
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 4, 128 43 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Čermák
- Institute of Geology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Rozvojová 269, 165 00 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Hercman
- Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Diana Sahy
- Institute of Applied Geology, Department of Civil Engineering and Natural Hazards, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Peter Jordan Strasse 70, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Fiebig
- Institute of Applied Geology, Department of Civil Engineering and Natural Hazards, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Peter Jordan Strasse 70, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nadja Zupan Hajna
- Karst Research Institute, Scientific Research Centre, Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Titov trg 2, 6230 Postojna, Slovenia
| | - Pavel Bosák
- Institute of Geology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Rozvojová 269, 165 00 Praha 6, Czech Republic
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Kallistová A, Horáček I, Čejchan P, Skála R. Enamel microstructure and tooth embryonic development. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1107/s2053273315095480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Kallistová A, Skála R, Horáček I, Miyajima N, Malíková R. Influence of sample preparation on the microstructure of tooth enamel apatite. J Appl Crystallogr 2015. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576715005208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
X-ray powder diffraction and transmission electron microscopy are widely used for determination of the basic characteristics of the biological apatite structure. Many different techniques have been adopted for separation of the enamel part of the tooth for use in these analytical methods, but their influence on the sample itself has not yet been studied. In this paper, six different preparation techniques have been applied on pigs' teeth to see their effect on the microstructure of dental hydroxyapatite. Although the only inorganic component of the tooth is the hydroxyapatite, new phases, such as calcite, aragonite, calcium hydrogen phosphate and calcium carbonate hydroxide, appeared when a drilling technique or deproteination of the sample was used. In addition, the crystallite size (especially in thec-axis direction) varies within a wide range (330–700 Å) depending on the preparation technique. Thus, the results indicate a strong effect of the enamel separation on the phase composition and crystallite size. The method providing results most consistent with previous studies is manual disintegration.
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Herdina AN, Kelly DA, Jahelková H, Lina PHC, Horáček I, Metscher BD. Testing hypotheses of bat baculum function with 3D models derived from microCT. J Anat 2015; 226:229-35. [PMID: 25655647 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The baculum (os penis) has been extensively studied as a taxon-specific character in bats and other mammals but its mechanical function is still unclear. There is a wide consensus in the literature that the baculum is probably a sexually selected character. Using a novel approach combining postmortem manipulation and three-dimensional (3D) imaging, we tested two functional hypotheses in the common noctule bat Nyctalus noctula, the common pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus, and Nathusius' pipistrelle Pipistrellus nathusii: (i) whether the baculum can protect the distal urethra and urethral opening from compression during erection and copulation; and (ii) whether the baculum and corpora cavernosa form a functional unit to support both the penile shaft and the more distal glans tip. In freshly dead or frozen and thawed bats, we compared flaccid penises with artificially 'erect' penises that were inflated with 10% formalin. Penises were stained with alcoholic iodine and imaged with a lab-based high-resolution x-ray microtomography system. Analysis of the 3D images enabled us to compare the changes in relative positions of the baculum, corpora cavernosa, urethra, and corpus spongiosum with one another between flaccid and 'erect' penises. Our results support both functional hypotheses, indicating that the baculum probably performs two different roles during erection. Our approach should prove valuable for comparing and testing the functions of different baculum morphologies in bats and other mammals. Moreover, we have validated an essential component of the groundwork necessary to extend this approach with finite element analysis for quantitative 3D biomechanical modeling of penis function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nele Herdina
- Department of Theoretical Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Lučan RK, Bartonička T, Benda P, Bilgin R, Jedlička P, Nicolaou H, Reiter A, Shohdi WM, Šálek M, Řeřucha Š, Uhrin M, Abi-Said M, Horáček I. Reproductive seasonality of the Egyptian fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus) at the northern limits of its distribution. J Mammal 2014. [DOI: 10.1644/14-mamm-a-035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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21
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Herdina AN, Hulva P, Horáček I, Benda P, Mayer C, Hilgers H, Metscher BD. MicroCT Imaging Reveals Morphometric Baculum Differences for Discriminating the Cryptic SpeciesPipistrellus pipistrellusandP. pygmaeus. Acta Chiropterologica 2014. [DOI: 10.3161/150811014x683372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Bilgin R, Gürün K, Maraci Ö, Furman A, Hulva P, Çoraman E, Lučan RK, Bartonička T, Horáček I. Syntopic Occurrence in Turkey Supports Separate Species Status forMiniopterus schreibersii schreibersiiandM. schreibersii pallidus(Mammalia: Chiroptera). Acta Chiropterologica 2012. [DOI: 10.3161/150811012x661611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Hulva P, Marešová T, Dundarova H, Bilgin R, Benda P, Bartonička T, Horáček I. Environmental margin and island evolution in Middle Eastern populations of the Egyptian fruit bat. Mol Ecol 2012; 21:6104-16. [PMID: 23094994 DOI: 10.1111/mec.12078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Here, we present a study of the population genetic architecture and microevolution of the Egyptian fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus) at the environmental margins in the Middle East using mitochondrial sequences and nuclear microsatellites. In contrast to the rather homogenous population structure typical of cave-dwelling bats in climax tropical ecosystems, a relatively pronounced isolation by distance and population diversification was observed. The evolution of this pattern could be ascribed to the complicated demographic history at higher latitudes related to the range margin fragmentation and complex geomorphology of the studied area. Lineages from East Africa and Arabia show divergent positions. Within the northwestern unit, the most marked pattern of the microsatellite data set is connected with insularity, as demonstrated by the separate status of populations from Saharan oases and Cyprus. These demes also exhibit a reduction in genetic variability, which is presumably connected with founder effects, drift and other potential factors related to island evolution as site-specific selection. Genetic clustering indicates a semipermeability of the desert barriers in the Sahara and Arabian Peninsula and a corridor role of the Nile Valley. The results emphasize the role of the island environment in restricting the gene flow in megabats, which is also corroborated by biogeographic patterns within the family, and suggests the possibility of nascent island speciation on Cyprus. Demographic analyses suggest that the colonization of the region was connected to the spread of agricultural plants; therefore, the peripatric processes described above might be because of or strengthened by anthropogenic changes in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Hulva
- Department of Zoology, Charles University, Viničná 7, 128 44, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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Jahelková H, Horáček I. Mating System of a Migratory Bat, Nathusius' Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus nathusii): Different Male Strategies*. Acta Chiropterologica 2011. [DOI: 10.3161/150811011x578679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Lučan RK, Andreas M, Benda P, Bartonička T, Březinová T, Hoffmannová A, Hulová Š, Hulva P, Neckářová J, Reiter A, Svačina T, Šálek M, Horáček I. Alcathoe Bat (Myotis alcathoe) in the Czech Republic: Distributional Status, Roosting and Feeding Ecology. Acta Chiropterologica 2009. [DOI: 10.3161/150811009x465695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Jahelková H, Horáček I, Bartonička T. The advertisement song of Pipistrellus nathusii (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae): a complex message containing acoustic signatures of individuals. Acta Chiropterologica 2008. [DOI: 10.3161/150811008x331144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Hulva P, Horáček I, Benda P. Molecules, morphometrics and new fossils provide an integrated view of the evolutionary history of Rhinopomatidae (Mammalia: Chiroptera). BMC Evol Biol 2007; 7:165. [PMID: 17868440 PMCID: PMC2249596 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-7-165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2006] [Accepted: 09/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Rhinopomatidae, traditionally considered to be one of the most ancient chiropteran clades, remains one of the least known groups of Rhinolophoidea. No relevant fossil record is available for this family. Whereas there have been extensive radiations in related families Rhinolophidae and Hipposideridae, there are only a few species in the Rhinopomatidae and their phylogenetic relationship and status are not fully understood. Results Here we present (a) a phylogenetic analysis based on a partial cytochrome b sequence, (b) new fossils from the Upper Miocene site Elaiochoria 2 (Chalkidiki, Greece), which represents the first appearance datum of the family based on the fossil record, and (c) discussion of the phylogeographic patterns in both molecular and morphological traits. We found deep divergences in the Rhinopoma hardwickii lineage, suggesting that the allopatric populations in (i) Iran and (ii) North Africa and the Middle East should have separate species status. The latter species (R. cystops) exhibits a shallow pattern of isolation by distance (separating the Middle East and the African populations) that contrasts with the pattern of geographic variation in the morphometrical traits. A deep genetic gap was also found in Rhinopoma muscatellum (Iran vs. Yemen). We found only minute genetic distance between R. microphyllum from the Levant and India, which fails to support the sub/species distinctness of the Indian form (R. microphyllum kinneari). Conclusion The mtDNA survey provided phylogenetic tree of the family Rhinopomatidae for the first time and revealed an unexpected diversification of the group both within R. hardwickii and R. muscatellum morphospecies. The paleobiogeographic scenario compiled in respect to molecular clock data suggests that the family originated in the region south of the Eocene Western Tethyan seaway or in India, and extended its range during the Early Miocene. The fossil record suggests a Miocene spread into the Mediterranean region, followed by a post-Miocene retreat. Morphological analysis compared with genetic data indicates considerable phenotypic plasticity in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Hulva
- Department of Zoology, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-128 44 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Horáček
- Department of Zoology, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-128 44 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Benda
- Department of Zoology, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-128 44 Praha 2, Czech Republic
- Department of Zoology, National Museum (Natural History), Václavské námĕstí 68, CZ-115 79 Praha 1, Czech Republic
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Hoofer SR, Bussche RAVD, Horáček I. GENERIC STATUS OF THE AMERICAN PIPISTRELLES (VESPERTILIONIDAE) WITH DESCRIPTION OF A NEW GENUS. J Mammal 2006. [DOI: 10.1644/05-mamm-a-425r1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Landoá E, Horáček I, Frynta D. Note: Have Black Rats Evolved a Culturally-Transmitted Technique of Pinecone Opening Independently in Cyprus and Israel? Isr J Ecol Evol 2006. [DOI: 10.1560/ijee_52_2_151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Landoá
- Department of Zoology, Charles University
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Sedláček O, Hořák D, Riegert J, Reif J, Horáček I. Comments on Welwitsch's mouse-eared bat (Myotis welwitschii) with the first record from Cameroon. Mamm Biol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2005.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
AbstractThe vertebrate cranium consists of three parts: neuro-, viscero- and dermatocranium, which differ in both developmental and phylogenetic origin. Traditionally, developmental origin has been used as a criterion for homology, but this becomes problematic when skull elements such as the parietal bone are now shown, by modern fate-mapping studies, to have different developmental origins in different groups of tetrapods. This indicates a flexibility of developmental programmes and regulatory pathways which has probably been very important in cranial evolution. The trabecula cranii is an intriguing cranial element in the anterior cranial base in vertebrates. It forms a viscerocranial part of the neurocranium and is believed to be neural crest-derived in gnathostomes, but a similarly named structure in lampreys has been shown to have a mesodermal origin. Topographically, this trabecula seems to be homologous to the gnathostome trabecula cranii, and might also have the same function: to form a border between adjacent morphogenetic domains, to constrain and redirect growth of both brain and stomodeum and thus to refine developmental schedules of both. We suggest that such a border zone can recruit cells from either the mesoderm (as in the lamprey) or from the neural crest (as in the gnathostomes investigated), and still retain its homology. In our view, the trabecula is an interface element that integrates the respective divergent morphogenetics programs of the preotic head into a balanced unit; we suggest that such a definition can be used to define "the sameness" of this element throughout vertebrates.
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Kovanda J, Horáček I, Symonová R. Pátek, Levousy a Chlumčany – významné fosiliferní středopleistocénní lokality na pravém břehu Ohře mezi Louny a Libochovicemi [Pátek, Levousy and Chlumčany – important mid-pleistocene localities on the right bank of the Ohře River between Louny and Libochovice]. Malacol Bohemoslov 2005. [DOI: 10.5817/mab2002-3-149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to a complete predominance of non-calcareous fluvial sediments in the Czech Republic, any find of fossil malacofauna is always considered as rare. The present work describes three localities in the Ohře river area, which contain, especially in the case of the Pátek locality, very abundant mid-Pleistocene malacofaunas. They were mainly collected in the floodplain fine-grained loam and back swamp deposits but also in sandy gravels. The molluscan thanatocenoses from localities near the Pátek village indicate the interglacial maximum (with up to 25 forest species s.l.), which developed directly on a 30 m thick river terrace dating back to the period, during which the Ohře river established its present-day easterly course. The fossil molluscs from the Levousy locality come from floodplain loam deposits as well as from the underlying sandy terrace gravels. The species distribution, nevertheless, indicates only a transitional glacial-interglacial period. The somewhat higher morphologic position of the locality, as well as that of another section at Chlumčany, and complete predominance of local late Cretaceous material indicates that the Ohře river did not flow to the east yet during the accumulation of the floodplain deposits with molluscs, but still to the north, towards Bílina. The terrestrial malacofauna from the Chlumčany section came from floodplain marls, particularly from sandy tufa deposits in the alluvium, which contains no forest-biotope elements, but the presence of the species Columella columella – distinct representative of our „coldest“ loess deposits – is an absolute surprise, since the peak of production of the sandy tufa deposits has always been associated with climate optima of the interglacials and of the Holocene.Therefore, the described malacofaunas come from a boundary period, during which the Ohře river did not use its present-day valley (Levousy and Clumčany) yet. Then, from the oldest time span, it took up for the first time its eastward course. Stratigraphy of the localities cannot be determined with a reasonable certainty in regard to the current controversial situation in Pleistocene chronology both in the northern foothills of the Alps and in the area of the „classic“ localities belonging to the continental ice-sheet region in northern Germany (Kovanda 2005a). Altogether 12 mid-Pleistocene species of small mammals were found in thanaotocoenoses at localities Pátek and Levousy. Ostracod assemblages analysis was also undertaken (11 species in 8 samples were determined)
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Kovanda J, Horáček I, Symonová R. Pátek, Levousy a Chlumčany – významné fosiliferní středopleistocénní lokality na pravém břehu Ohře mezi Louny a Libochovicemi [Pátek, Levousy and Chlumčany – important mid-pleistocene localities on the right bank of the Ohře River between Louny and Libochovice]. Malacol Bohemoslov 2005. [DOI: 10.5817/mab2005-3-149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to a complete predominance of non-calcareous fluvial sediments in the Czech Republic, any find of fossil malacofauna is always considered as rare. The present work describes three localities in the Ohře river area, which contain, especially in the case of the Pátek locality, very abundant mid-Pleistocene malacofaunas. They were mainly collected in the floodplain fine-grained loam and back swamp deposits but also in sandy gravels. The molluscan thanatocenoses from localities near the Pátek village indicate the interglacial maximum (with up to 25 forest species s.l.), which developed directly on a 30 m thick river terrace dating back to the period, during which the Ohře river established its present-day easterly course. The fossil molluscs from the Levousy locality come from floodplain loam deposits as well as from the underlying sandy terrace gravels. The species distribution, nevertheless, indicates only a transitional glacial-interglacial period. The somewhat higher morphologic position of the locality, as well as that of another section at Chlumčany, and complete predominance of local late Cretaceous material indicates that the Ohře river did not flow to the east yet during the accumulation of the floodplain deposits with molluscs, but still to the north, towards Bílina. The terrestrial malacofauna from the Chlumčany section came from floodplain marls, particularly from sandy tufa deposits in the alluvium, which contains no forest-biotope elements, but the presence of the species Columella columella – distinct representative of our „coldest“ loess deposits – is an absolute surprise, since the peak of production of the sandy tufa deposits has always been associated with climate optima of the interglacials and of the Holocene.Therefore, the described malacofaunas come from a boundary period, during which the Ohře river did not use its present-day valley (Levousy and Clumčany) yet. Then, from the oldest time span, it took up for the first time its eastward course. Stratigraphy of the localities cannot be determined with a reasonable certainty in regard to the current controversial situation in Pleistocene chronology both in the northern foothills of the Alps and in the area of the „classic“ localities belonging to the continental ice-sheet region in northern Germany (Kovanda 2005a). Altogether 12 mid-Pleistocene species of small mammals were found in thanaotocoenoses at localities Pátek and Levousy. Ostracod assemblages analysis was also undertaken (11 species in 8 samples were determined)
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Hulva P, Horáček I. Craseonycteris thonglongyai(Chiroptera: Craseonycteridae) is a Rhinolophoid: Molecular Evidence from Cytochromeb. Acta Chiropterologica 2002. [DOI: 10.3161/001.004.0201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Mrázek Z, Kolínský M, Horáček I, Černoch J. Copolymerization of vinyl chloride with 1-olefins. Part IV. Investigation of rheological and mechanical properties of copolymers. J Appl Polym Sci 1988. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1988.070350102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Horáček I, Hrabák F. Thermische Zersetzung von Acylnitraten. Colloid Polym Sci 1976. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01775505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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