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Liu Y, Kimita W, Shamaitijiang X, Skudder-Hill L, Sequeira-Bisson IR, Petrov MS. Intra-pancreatic fat is associated with continuous glucose monitoring metrics. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024. [PMID: 38528823 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the relationship of fat in the pancreas with time spent in different glycaemic ranges. METHODS Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging at 3.0 Tesla was used to quantify fat in the pancreas as both continuous [i.e. intra-pancreatic fat deposition (IPFD)] and binary (i.e. fatty change of the pancreas vs. normal pancreas) variables. Dexcom G6 devices were used to collect continuous glucose monitoring data every 5 min over a continuous 7-day period. Time above range (TAR), time in range (TIR) and time below range were computed. Statistical models were built to adjust for age, sex, body composition, and other covariates in linear regression analysis and analysis of covariance. RESULTS In total, 38 individuals were studied. IPFD was significantly associated with TAR (p = .036) and TIR (p = .042) after adjustment for covariates. For every 1% increase in IPFD, there was a 0.3 unit increase in TAR and a decrease in TIR. Individuals with fatty change of the pancreas, when compared with those with normal pancreas, had significantly higher TAR (p = .034) and lower TIR (p = .047) after adjustment for covariates. Neither IPFD (p = .805) nor fatty change of the pancreas (p = .555) was associated with time below range after adjustment for covariates. CONCLUSION Increased fat in the pancreas is associated with excessive glycaemic variability. Fatty change of the pancreas may contribute to heightening the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Liu
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Wandia Kimita
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | | | - Ivana R Sequeira-Bisson
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- The Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Maxim S Petrov
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Lim JJ, Sequeira-Bisson IR, Yip WCY, Lu LW, Miles-Chan JL, Poppitt SD. Intra-pancreatic fat is associated with high circulating glucagon and GLP-1 concentrations following whey protein ingestion in overweight women with impaired fasting glucose: A randomised controlled trial. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2024; 207:111084. [PMID: 38154534 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.111084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM Intra-pancreatic fat deposition (IPFD) while hypothesised to impair beta-cell function, its impact on alpha-cells remains unclear. We evaluated the association between IPFD and markers of pancreatic cells function using whey protein. METHODS Twenty overweight women with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and low or high IPFD (<4.66% vs ≥4.66%) consumed 3 beverage treatments: 0 g (water control), 12.5 g (low-dose) and 50.0 g (high-dose) whey protein, after an overnight fast, in randomised order. Blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glucagon, gastric-inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and amylin were analysed postprandially over 4 h. Incremental area-under-the-curve (iAUC), incremental maximum concentration (iCmax), and time to maximum concentration (Tmax) for these were compared between IPFD groups using repeated measures linear mixed models, also controlled for age (pcov). RESULTS iAUC and iCmax glucose and insulin while similar between the two IPFD groups, high IPFD and ageing contributed to higher postprandial glucagon (iAUC: p = 0.012; pcov = 0.004; iCmax: p = 0.069; pcov = 0.021) and GLP-1 (iAUC: p = 0.006; pcov = 0.064; iCmax: p = 0.011; pcov = 0.122) concentrations. CONCLUSION In our cohort, there was no evidence that IPFD impaired protein-induced insulin secretion. Conversely, IPFD may be associated with increased protein-induced glucagon secretion, a novel observation which warrants further investigation into its relevance in the pathogenesis of dysglycaemia and type-2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Jiet Lim
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand; High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Ivana R Sequeira-Bisson
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand; High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Wilson C Y Yip
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Louise W Lu
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jennifer L Miles-Chan
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand; High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand; High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Mathrani A, Lu LW, Sequeira-Bisson IR, Silvestre MP, Hoggard M, Barnett D, Fogelholm M, Raben A, Poppitt SD, Taylor MW. Gut microbiota profiles in two New Zealand cohorts with overweight and prediabetes: a Tū Ora/PREVIEW comparative study. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1244179. [PMID: 38033566 PMCID: PMC10687470 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1244179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity-related metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) are major global health issues, affecting hundreds of millions of people worldwide. The underlying factors are both diverse and complex, incorporating biological as well as cultural considerations. A role for ethnicity - a measure of self-perceived cultural affiliation which encompasses diet, lifestyle and genetic components - in susceptibility to metabolic diseases such as T2D is well established. For example, Asian populations may be disproportionally affected by the adverse 'TOFI' (Thin on the Outside, Fat on the Inside) profile, whereby outwardly lean individuals have increased susceptibility due to excess visceral and ectopic organ fat deposition. A potential link between the gut microbiota and metabolic disease has more recently come under consideration, yet our understanding of the interplay between ethnicity, the microbiota and T2D remains incomplete. We present here a 16S rRNA gene-based comparison of the fecal microbiota of European-ancestry and Chinese-ancestry cohorts with overweight and prediabetes, residing in New Zealand. The cohorts were matched for mean fasting plasma glucose (FPG: mean ± SD, European-ancestry: 6.1 ± 0.4; Chinese-ancestry: 6.0 ± 0.4 mmol/L), a consequence of which was a significantly higher mean body mass index in the European group (BMI: European-ancestry: 37.4 ± 6.8; Chinese-ancestry: 27.7 ± 4.0 kg/m2; p < 0.001). Our findings reveal significant microbiota differences between the two ethnicities, though we cannot determine the underpinning factors. In both cohorts Firmicutes was by far the dominant bacterial phylum (European-ancestry: 93.4 ± 5.5%; Chinese-ancestry: 79.6 ± 10.4% of 16S rRNA gene sequences), with Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria the next most abundant. Among the more abundant (≥1% overall relative sequence abundance) genus-level taxa, four zero-radius operational taxonomic units (zOTUs) were significantly higher in the European-ancestry cohort, namely members of the Subdoligranulum, Blautia, Ruminoclostridium, and Dorea genera. Differential abundance analysis further identified a number of additional zOTUs to be disproportionately overrepresented across the two ethnicities, with the majority of taxa exhibiting a higher abundance in the Chinese-ancestry cohort. Our findings underscore a potential influence of ethnicity on gut microbiota composition in the context of individuals with overweight and prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akarsh Mathrani
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Louise W. Lu
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ivana R. Sequeira-Bisson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marta P. Silvestre
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde (CINTESIS), NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Michael Hoggard
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Daniel Barnett
- Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mikael Fogelholm
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital – Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Sally D. Poppitt
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Michael W. Taylor
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
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Skudder-Hill L, Sequeira-Bisson IR, Ko J, Cho J, Poppitt SD, Petrov MS. Remnant cholesterol, but not low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, is associated with intra-pancreatic fat deposition. Diabetes Obes Metab 2023; 25:3337-3346. [PMID: 37529874 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the associations of components of the lipid panel (and its derivatives) with intra-pancreatic fat deposition (IPFD). METHODS All participants underwent abdominal magnetic resonance imaging on the same 3.0-Tesla scanner and IPFD was quantified. Blood samples were collected in the fasted state for analysis of lipid panel components. A series of linear regression analyses was conducted, adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, body mass index, fasting plasma glucose, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, and liver fat deposition. RESULTS A total of 348 participants were included. Remnant cholesterol (P = 0.010) and triglyceride levels (P = 0.008) were positively, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (P = 0.001) was negatively, associated with total IPFD in the most adjusted model. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol were not significantly associated with total IPFD. Of the lipid panel components investigated, remnant cholesterol explained the greatest proportion (9.9%) of the variance in total IPFD. CONCLUSION Components of the lipid panel have different associations with IPFD. This may open up new opportunities for improving outcomes in people at high risk for cardiovascular diseases (who have normal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) by reducing IPFD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivana R Sequeira-Bisson
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Juyeon Ko
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jaelim Cho
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Maxim S Petrov
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Skudder-Hill L, Coffey S, Sequeira-Bisson IR, Ko J, Poppitt SD, Petrov MS. Comprehensive analysis of dyslipidemia states associated with fat in the pancreas. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2023; 17:102881. [PMID: 37862954 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2023.102881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global burden of cardiovascular diseases continues to rise, and it is increasingly acknowledged that guidelines based on traditional risk factors fail to identify a substantial fraction of people who develop cardiovascular diseases. Fat in the pancreas could be one of the unappreciated risk factors. This study aimed to investigate the associations of dyslipidemia states with fat in the pancreas. METHODS All participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging on the same 3.0 T scanner for quantification of fat in the pancreas, analyzed as both binary (i.e., fatty change of the pancreas) and continuous (i.e., intra-pancreatic fat deposition) variables. Statistical analyses were adjusted for body mass index, glycated hemoglobin, fasting insulin, ethnicity, age, and sex. RESULTS There were 346 participants studied. On most adjusted analyses, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol dyslipidemia was significantly associated with both fatty change of the pancreas (p = 0.010) and intra-pancreatic fat deposition (p = 0.008). Neither low-density lipoprotein cholesterol dyslipidemia nor triglyceride dyslipidemia were significantly associated with fatty change of the pancreas and intra-pancreatic fat deposition. The absence of any dyslipidemia was inversely associated with both fatty change of the pancreas (p = 0.016) and intra-pancreatic fat deposition (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Dyslipidemias are uncoupled when it comes to the relationship with fat in the pancreas, with only high-density lipoprotein cholesterol dyslipidemia having a consistent and strong link with it. The residual cardiovascular diseases risk may be attributed to fatty change of the pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sean Coffey
- Department of Medicine - HeartOtago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ivana R Sequeira-Bisson
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, New Zealand
| | - Juyeon Ko
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sally D Poppitt
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; High Value Nutrition, National Science Challenge, New Zealand; Riddet Centre of Research Excellence (CoRE) for Food and Nutrition, New Zealand
| | - Maxim S Petrov
- School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Ramzan F, Sequeira-Bisson IR, Lu LW, Mitchell CJ, D’Souza RF, Vickers MH, Poppitt SD, Cameron-Smith D. Circulatory miRNAs as Correlates of Elevated Intra-Pancreatic Fat Deposition in a Mixed Ethnic Female Cohort: The TOFI_Asia Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14393. [PMID: 37762694 PMCID: PMC10532072 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ectopic lipid accumulation, including intra-pancreatic fat deposition (IPFD), exacerbates type 2 diabetes risk in susceptible individuals. Dysregulated circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as correlating with clinical measures of pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer and type 1 diabetes. The aim of the current study was therefore to examine the association between circulating abundances of candidate miRNAs, IPFD and liver fat deposition as quantified using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS). Asian Chinese (n = 34; BMI = 26.7 ± 4.2 kg/m2) and European Caucasian (n = 34; BMI = 28.0 ± 4.5 kg/m2) females from the TOFI_Asia cohort underwent MRI and MRS analysis of pancreas (MR-%IPFD) and liver fat (MR-%liver fat), respectively, to quantify ectopic lipid deposition. Plasma miRNA abundances of a subset of circulatory miRNAs associated with IPFD and liver fat deposition were quantified by qRT-PCR. miR-21-3p and miR-320a-5p correlated with MR-%IPFD, plasma insulin and HOMA2-IR, but not MR-%liver fat. MR-%IPFD remained associated with decreasing miR-21-3p abundance following multivariate regression analysis. miR-21-3p and miR-320a were demonstrated to be negatively correlated with MR-%IPFD, independent of ethnicity. For miR-21-3p, this relationship persists with the inclusion of MR-%liver fat in the model, suggesting the potential for a wider application as a specific circulatory correlate of IPFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farha Ramzan
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand (D.C.-S.)
| | - Ivana R. Sequeira-Bisson
- The High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1023, New Zealand (S.D.P.)
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- The Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - Louise W. Lu
- The High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1023, New Zealand (S.D.P.)
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Cameron J. Mitchell
- School of Kinesiology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Randall F. D’Souza
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Mark H. Vickers
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand (D.C.-S.)
| | - Sally D. Poppitt
- The High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1023, New Zealand (S.D.P.)
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- The Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - David Cameron-Smith
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand (D.C.-S.)
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia
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Penhaligan J, Sequeira-Bisson IR, Miles-Chan JL. The role of postprandial thermogenesis in the development of impaired glucose tolerance and type II diabetes. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2023; 325:E171-E179. [PMID: 37378621 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00113.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Accounting for 5%-15% of total daily energy expenditure, postprandial thermogenesis (PPT) refers to an acute increase in resting metabolic rate (RMR) in the hours after eating. This is largely explained by the energy costs of processing the macronutrients of a meal. Most individuals spend the majority of the day in the postprandial state, thus over one's lifetime even minor differences in PPT may possess true clinical significance. In contrast to RMR, research indicates that PPT may be reduced in the development of both prediabetes and type II diabetes (T2D). The present analysis of existing literature has found that this impairment may be exaggerated in hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp studies compared with food and beverage consumption studies. Nonetheless, it is estimated that daily PPT following carbohydrate consumption alone is approximately 150 kJ lower among individuals with T2D. This estimate fails to consider protein intake, which is notably more thermogenic than carbohydrate intake (20%-30% vs. 5%-8%, respectively). Putatively, dysglycemic individuals may lack the insulin sensitivity required to divert glucose toward storage-a more energy-taxing pathway. Accordingly, the majority of findings has associated an impaired PPT with a reduced "obligatory" energy output (i.e., the energy costs associated with nutrient processing). More recently, it has been reported that "facultative" thermogenesis [e.g., the energy costs associated with sympathetic nervous system (SNS) stimulation] may also contribute to any impairment in PPT among individuals with prediabetes and T2D. Further longitudinal research is required to truly ascertain whether meaningful changes in PPT manifest in the prediabetic state, before the development of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Penhaligan
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ivana R Sequeira-Bisson
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jennifer L Miles-Chan
- Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Riddet Centre of Research Excellence (CoRE) for Food and Nutrition, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Mathrani A, Yip W, Sequeira-Bisson IR, Barnett D, Stevenson O, Taylor MW, Poppitt SD. Effect of a 12-Week Polyphenol Rutin Intervention on Markers of Pancreatic β-Cell Function and Gut Microbiota in Adults with Overweight without Diabetes. Nutrients 2023; 15:3360. [PMID: 37571297 PMCID: PMC10420824 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Supplementation with prebiotic polyphenol rutin is a potential dietary therapy for type 2 diabetes prevention in adults with obesity, based on previous glycaemic improvement in transgenic mouse models. Gut microbiota are hypothesised to underpin these effects. We investigated the effect of rutin supplementation on pancreatic β-cell function measured as C-peptide/glucose ratio, and 16S rRNA gene-based gut microbiota profiles, in a cohort of individuals with overweight plus normoglycaemia or prediabetes. Eighty-seven participants were enrolled, aged 18-65 years with BMI of 23-35 kg/m2. This was a 12-week double-blind randomised controlled trial (RCT), with 3 treatments comprising (i) placebo control, (ii) 500 mg/day encapsulated rutin, and (iii) 500 mg/day rutin-supplemented yoghurt. A 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed at baseline and at the end of the trial, with faecal samples also collected. Compliance with treatment was high (~90%), but rutin in both capsule and dietary format did not alter pancreatic β-cell response to OGTT over 12 weeks. Gut bacterial community composition also did not significantly change, with Firmicutes dominating irrespective of treatment. Fasting plasma glucose negatively correlated with the abundance of the butyrate producer Roseburia inulinivorans, known for its anti-inflammatory capacity. This is the first RCT to investigate postprandial pancreatic β-cell function in response to rutin supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akarsh Mathrani
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (A.M.); (W.Y.); (I.R.S.-B.)
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Wilson Yip
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (A.M.); (W.Y.); (I.R.S.-B.)
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland 1024, New Zealand
| | - Ivana R. Sequeira-Bisson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (A.M.); (W.Y.); (I.R.S.-B.)
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland 1024, New Zealand
| | - Daniel Barnett
- Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (D.B.); (O.S.)
| | - Oliver Stevenson
- Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (D.B.); (O.S.)
| | - Michael W. Taylor
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (A.M.); (W.Y.); (I.R.S.-B.)
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Sally D. Poppitt
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand; (A.M.); (W.Y.); (I.R.S.-B.)
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Human Nutrition Unit, University of Auckland, Auckland 1024, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
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