1
|
Damasceno AR, Garcia S, Aleixo IF, Menezes JCG, Pereira IS, De Kauwe MG, Ferrer VR, Fleischer K, Grams TEE, Guedes AV, Hartley IP, Kruijt B, Lugli LF, Martins NP, Norby RJ, Pires-Santos JS, Portela BTT, Rammig A, de Oliveira LR, Santana FD, Santos YR, de Souza CCS, Ushida G, Lapola DM, Quesada CAN, Domingues TF. In situ short-term responses of Amazonian understory plants to elevated CO 2. Plant Cell Environ 2024; 47:1865-1876. [PMID: 38334166 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The response of plants to increasing atmospheric CO2 depends on the ecological context where the plants are found. Several experiments with elevated CO2 (eCO2) have been done worldwide, but the Amazonian forest understory has been neglected. As the central Amazon is limited by light and phosphorus, understanding how understory responds to eCO2 is important for foreseeing how the forest will function in the future. In the understory of a natural forest in the Central Amazon, we installed four open-top chambers as control replicates and another four under eCO2 (+250 ppm above ambient levels). Under eCO2, we observed increases in carbon assimilation rate (67%), maximum electron transport rate (19%), quantum yield (56%), and water use efficiency (78%). We also detected an increase in leaf area (51%) and stem diameter increment (65%). Central Amazon understory responded positively to eCO2 by increasing their ability to capture and use light and the extra primary productivity was allocated to supporting more leaf and conducting tissues. The increment in leaf area while maintaining transpiration rates suggests that the understory will increase its contribution to evapotranspiration. Therefore, this forest might be less resistant in the future to extreme drought, as no reduction in transpiration rates were detected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Rayane Damasceno
- Ecology Graduate Program, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Garcia
- Environmental Dynamics Coordination (CODAM), National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Izabela Fonseca Aleixo
- Environmental Dynamics Coordination (CODAM), National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | - Iokanam Sales Pereira
- Environmental Dynamics Coordination (CODAM), National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | - Vanessa Rodrigues Ferrer
- Ecology Graduate Program, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | - Thorsten E E Grams
- School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Alacimar V Guedes
- Environmental Dynamics Coordination (CODAM), National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Iain Paul Hartley
- Geography, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Bart Kruijt
- Wageningen University, Water Systems and Global Change, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Nathielly Pires Martins
- Tropical Forest Sciences Graduate Program, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Richard J Norby
- School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
| | | | - Bruno Takeshi Tanaka Portela
- Environmental Dynamics Coordination (CODAM), National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Anja Rammig
- School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Leonardo Ramos de Oliveira
- Environmental Dynamics Coordination (CODAM), National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Flávia Delgado Santana
- Environmental Dynamics Coordination (CODAM), National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Yago Rodrigues Santos
- Environmental Dynamics Coordination (CODAM), National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriela Ushida
- Ecology Graduate Program, National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - David Montenegro Lapola
- Laboratório de Ciência do Sistema Terrestre - LabTerra, Centro de Pesquisas Meteorológicas e Climáticas Aplicadas à Agricultura - CEPAGRI, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Nobre Quesada
- Environmental Dynamics Coordination (CODAM), National Institute for Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Tomas Ferreira Domingues
- Faculdde de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cunha HFV, Andersen KM, Lugli LF, Santana FD, Aleixo IF, Moraes AM, Garcia S, Di Ponzio R, Mendoza EO, Brum B, Rosa JS, Cordeiro AL, Portela BTT, Ribeiro G, Coelho SD, de Souza ST, Silva LS, Antonieto F, Pires M, Salomão AC, Miron AC, de Assis RL, Domingues TF, Aragão LEOC, Meir P, Camargo JL, Manzi AO, Nagy L, Mercado LM, Hartley IP, Quesada CA. Direct evidence for phosphorus limitation on Amazon forest productivity. Nature 2022; 608:558-562. [PMID: 35948632 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05085-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The productivity of rainforests growing on highly weathered tropical soils is expected to be limited by phosphorus availability1. Yet, controlled fertilization experiments have been unable to demonstrate a dominant role for phosphorus in controlling tropical forest net primary productivity. Recent syntheses have demonstrated that responses to nitrogen addition are as large as to phosphorus2, and adaptations to low phosphorus availability appear to enable net primary productivity to be maintained across major soil phosphorus gradients3. Thus, the extent to which phosphorus availability limits tropical forest productivity is highly uncertain. The majority of the Amazonia, however, is characterized by soils that are more depleted in phosphorus than those in which most tropical fertilization experiments have taken place2. Thus, we established a phosphorus, nitrogen and base cation addition experiment in an old growth Amazon rainforest, with a low soil phosphorus content that is representative of approximately 60% of the Amazon basin. Here we show that net primary productivity increased exclusively with phosphorus addition. After 2 years, strong responses were observed in fine root (+29%) and canopy productivity (+19%), but not stem growth. The direct evidence of phosphorus limitation of net primary productivity suggests that phosphorus availability may restrict Amazon forest responses to CO2 fertilization4, with major implications for future carbon sequestration and forest resilience to climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelly M Andersen
- Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.,Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Laynara Figueiredo Lugli
- Coordination of Environmental Dynamics, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil.,TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Flavia Delgado Santana
- Coordination of Environmental Dynamics, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Izabela Fonseca Aleixo
- Coordination of Environmental Dynamics, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Anna Martins Moraes
- Coordination of Environmental Dynamics, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Garcia
- Coordination of Environmental Dynamics, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Raffaello Di Ponzio
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragment Project, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Erick Oblitas Mendoza
- Coordination of Environmental Dynamics, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Brum
- Coordination of Environmental Dynamics, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Schmeisk Rosa
- Coordination of Environmental Dynamics, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gyovanni Ribeiro
- Coordination of Environmental Dynamics, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Sara Deambrozi Coelho
- Coordination of Environmental Dynamics, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
| | | | - Lara Siebert Silva
- Coordination of Environmental Dynamics, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Felipe Antonieto
- Coordination of Environmental Dynamics, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Maria Pires
- Coordination of Environmental Dynamics, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Salomão
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragment Project, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Ana Caroline Miron
- Coordination of Environmental Dynamics, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil.,Department of Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rafael L de Assis
- Coordination of Environmental Dynamics, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil.,Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tomas F Domingues
- Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciência e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz E O C Aragão
- Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.,National Institute for Space Research, São Jose dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrick Meir
- School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - José Luis Camargo
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragment Project, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Antonio Ocimar Manzi
- Coordination of Environmental Dynamics, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil.,National Institute for Space Research, São Jose dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Lina M Mercado
- Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.,UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, UK
| | - Iain P Hartley
- Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Carlos Alberto Quesada
- Coordination of Environmental Dynamics, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|