1
|
Sahu A, Manna MC, Bhattacharjya S, Thakur JK, Mandal A, Rahman MM, Singh UB, Bhargav VK, Srivastava S, Patra AK, Chaudhari SK, Khanna SS. Thermophilic ligno-cellulolytic fungi: The future of efficient and rapid bio-waste management. J Environ Manage 2019; 244:144-153. [PMID: 31121501 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To accelerate the process of decomposition using consortia of thermophilic ligno-cellulolytic fungi, different crop residues viz. sorghum (SG), soybean (SS), maize (MS), sugarcane (SC), cotton (CS) and pigeon pea (PS) with a varied C:N ratio and sawdust (SD) having high lignin content were collected and used for decomposition process. Compost quality assessed by evaluating different maturity and stability indices at five succeeding stages [first mesophilic (M1), thermophilic (T), second mesophilic (M2), cooling (C) and humification (H)]. A significant reduction was observed in the C:N ratio, biodegradability index, nitrification index, ratio of water-soluble carbon to organic nitrogen (WSC/Org.N) with an increase in concomitant over time while Ash (%), organic matter loss (%), CEC/TOC ratio, cellulose biodegradation ratio (BR) and lignin/cellulose ratio were significantly increased with time. By correlation study, biodegradability index (BI) and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis emerged as the most suitable compost maturity and stability parameters, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) results confirmed that BI, BR, WSC/Org. N and FDA can be regarded as key indicators for assessing compost quality. Our findings conclude that fungal consortia of Tricoderma viride, Rhizomucor pusillus, Aspergillus awamori and Aspergillus flavus can accelerate decomposition time from 8 to 12 months (which is normal farming practice) to 120 days.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asha Sahu
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, 462038, India.
| | - M C Manna
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, 462038, India
| | | | - J K Thakur
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, 462038, India
| | - A Mandal
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, 462038, India
| | - Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia
| | - U B Singh
- ICAR- National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Mau Nath Bhanjan, 275103, India
| | - V K Bhargav
- ICAR- Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal, 462038, India
| | - S Srivastava
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, 462038, India
| | - A K Patra
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, 462038, India
| | - S K Chaudhari
- Assistant Director General (S&WM, NRM), ICAR, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - S S Khanna
- Former Member, Planning Commission, Government of India, New Delhi, 110001, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lenka NK, Lenka S, Thakur JK, Elanchezhian R, Aher SB, Simaiya V, Yashona DS, Biswas AK, Agrawal PK, Patra AK. Interactive Effect of Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Elevated Temperature on Growth and Yield of Soybean. CURR SCI INDIA 2017. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v113/i12/2305-2310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
3
|
Lenka NK, Jaiswal SP, Thakur JK, Lenka S, Mandal A, Dwivedi AK, Lakaria BL, Biswas AK, Shukla AK, Yashona DS. Soil Degradation Effect on Soil Productivity, Carbon Pools and Soil Enzyme Activity. CURR SCI INDIA 2017. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v112/i12/2434-2439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
4
|
Aher SB, Lakaria BL, Kaleshananda S, Singh AB, Ramana S, Ramesh K, Thakur JK. Effect of organic farming practices on soil and performance of soybean (Glycine max) under semi-arid tropical conditions in Central India. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.31018/jans.v7i1.564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of organic farming practices on soil health and crop performance of Soybean (Glycine max).The crop cultivar JS-335 of soybean was grown with 30:26.2:16.6 kg ha-1 (NPK) recommended dose of fertilizers under three management practices viz., organic, chemical and integrated (50:50) in randomized block design, replicated three times. Soil organic carbon, available N, P and K, microbial enzymatic activities, total biomass, seed yield and harvest index (HI) were analysed during the study. It was observed that soil organic carbon (11.3 g kg-1), available N (125 mg kg-1), P (49.7 mg kg-1) and soil enzyme activities viz., dehydrogenase (DHA) (98.20 µ grams TPF/g soil/24 h) and alkaline phosphatase (178.2 µ grams p-nitro phenol/g soil/h) were found significantly higher in the plot managed organically while available K (320.1 mg kg-1) was not significant with respect to chemical and integrated practices. The total biomass (1927 kg ha-1) and seed yield (601 kg ha-1) of soybean was found highest in organic farming practices followed by integrated and chemical practices. Very poor microbial activities were observed in chemically managed plots. Thus, the study demonstrated that the organic farming practice improved soil health and performance of soybean crop.
Collapse
|
5
|
Avtar R, Kumar P, Singh CK, Sahu N, Verma RL, Thakur JK, Mukherjee S. Hydrogeochemical Assessment of Groundwater Quality of Bundelkhand, India Using Statistical Approach. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12403-013-0094-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
7
|
Abstract
The Aux/IAA class of genes are rapidly induced by exogenous auxins and have been characterized extensively from many dicot species like Arabidopsis, Glycine max and Pisum sativum. We report here the isolation and characterization of rice (Oryza sativa L. subsp. Indica) OsIAA1 cDNA as a monocot member of the Aux/IAA gene family. The predicted amino acid sequence of OsIAA1 corresponds to a protein of ca. 26 kDa, which harbors all four characteristic domains known to be conserved in Aux/IAA proteins. The conservation of these Aux/IAA genes indicates that auxins have essentially a similar mode of action in monocots and dicots. Northern blot analysis revealed that the OsIAA1 transcript levels decrease in the excised coleoptile segments on auxin starvation, and the level is restored when auxin is supplemented; the increase in OsIAA1 transcript level was apparent within 15 to 30 min of auxin application. Auxin-induced OsIAA1 expression appears to be correlated with the elongation of excised coleoptile segments. In light-grown rice seedlings, OsIAA1 is preferentially expressed in roots and basal segment of the seedling, whereas in the etiolated rice seedlings, the OsIAA1 transcripts are most abundant in the coleoptile. A comparative analysis in light- and dark-grown seedling tissues indicates that the OsIAA1 transcript levels decrease on illumination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J K Thakur
- Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|