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Daramola FY, Lewu FB, Malan AP. Diversity and population distribution of nematodes associated with honeybush ( Cyclopia spp.) and rooibos ( Aspalathus linearis) in the Western Cape province of South Africa. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06306. [PMID: 33665456 PMCID: PMC7905365 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nematodes are important soil organisms that constitute a key component of the soil ecosystem. A plant-parasitic survey was conducted to identify the diversity of nematodes associated with two endemic tea plants, honeybush (Cyclopia spp.) and rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) in the Western Cape province of South Africa. A total of 20 farmlands were surveyed and soil samples were collected from the rhizosphere of plants, for nematode isolation and identification based on morphological characters. Confirmation of the species of plant-parasitic nematodes was done using molecular-based tools. Nematodes were classified into various feeding groups based on their colonizer-persister (c-p) values. Plant-feeding nematodes identified from the honeybush tea plants include; Criconema mutabile, Meloidogyne hapla, M. javanica, and Xiphinema oxycaudatum, while Hoplolaimus sp., Neodolichorhynchus estherae and Pratylechus bolivianus were pathogenic on the rooibos monocultures. Bacterial and fungal feeders (Cephalobidae and Rhabditidae) were also abundant and frequently encountered in all samples. The study provides information on the diversity of nematodes associated with the indigenous herbal tea plants of South Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fisayo Y. Daramola
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Private Bag X8, Wellington, 7654, South Africa
- Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Francis B. Lewu
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Private Bag X8, Wellington, 7654, South Africa
| | - Antoinette P. Malan
- Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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Zhang J, Ying Y, Li X, Yao X. Physical and chemical properties of Camellia oleifera shell composts with different additives and its maturity evaluation system. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:35294-35302. [PMID: 32592059 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09861-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The effects of different additives on the compost of Camellia oleifera shell were characterized and a maturity evaluation system for the obtained compost was established. Four treatments were designed as C. oleifera shell with C. oleifera seed meal (A1), with C. oleifera seed cake (A2), with sheep manure (A3), and with spent mushroom substrate (A4). A3 had the longest thermophilic phase (over 50 °C) and shortest cooling phase. Compared with A1, the thermophilic phase of A2 was postponed 11 days due to the high lipid content, but terminated almost at the same time. The temperature of A4 increased slowly and took longer time to reach ambient. C/N, pH, E4/E6, and NH4+-N decreased along with composting process, while TN, GI, and NO3--N were opposite. Based on the Pearson correlation analysis with the Solvita maturity index as a reference, the result indicated that TN, C/N, GI, NH4+-N, and pH can be used for the maturity evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Zhang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 73# Daqiao Road, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 311400, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yue Ying
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 73# Daqiao Road, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 311400, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuebin Li
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 73# Daqiao Road, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 311400, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohua Yao
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 73# Daqiao Road, Fuyang District, Hangzhou, 311400, Zhejiang, China
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Sahu A, Manna MC, Bhattacharjya S, Thakur JK, Mandal A, Rahman MM, Singh UB, Bhargav VK, Srivastava S, Patra AK, Chaudhari SK, Khanna SS. Thermophilic ligno-cellulolytic fungi: The future of efficient and rapid bio-waste management. J Environ Manage 2019; 244:144-153. [PMID: 31121501 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To accelerate the process of decomposition using consortia of thermophilic ligno-cellulolytic fungi, different crop residues viz. sorghum (SG), soybean (SS), maize (MS), sugarcane (SC), cotton (CS) and pigeon pea (PS) with a varied C:N ratio and sawdust (SD) having high lignin content were collected and used for decomposition process. Compost quality assessed by evaluating different maturity and stability indices at five succeeding stages [first mesophilic (M1), thermophilic (T), second mesophilic (M2), cooling (C) and humification (H)]. A significant reduction was observed in the C:N ratio, biodegradability index, nitrification index, ratio of water-soluble carbon to organic nitrogen (WSC/Org.N) with an increase in concomitant over time while Ash (%), organic matter loss (%), CEC/TOC ratio, cellulose biodegradation ratio (BR) and lignin/cellulose ratio were significantly increased with time. By correlation study, biodegradability index (BI) and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis emerged as the most suitable compost maturity and stability parameters, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) results confirmed that BI, BR, WSC/Org. N and FDA can be regarded as key indicators for assessing compost quality. Our findings conclude that fungal consortia of Tricoderma viride, Rhizomucor pusillus, Aspergillus awamori and Aspergillus flavus can accelerate decomposition time from 8 to 12 months (which is normal farming practice) to 120 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha Sahu
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, 462038, India.
| | - M C Manna
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, 462038, India
| | | | - J K Thakur
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, 462038, India
| | - A Mandal
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, 462038, India
| | - Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan NSW 2308, Australia
| | - U B Singh
- ICAR- National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Mau Nath Bhanjan, 275103, India
| | - V K Bhargav
- ICAR- Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal, 462038, India
| | - S Srivastava
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, 462038, India
| | - A K Patra
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, 462038, India
| | - S K Chaudhari
- Assistant Director General (S&WM, NRM), ICAR, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - S S Khanna
- Former Member, Planning Commission, Government of India, New Delhi, 110001, India
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Ravindran B, Nguyen DD, Chaudhary DK, Chang SW, Kim J, Lee SR, Shin J, Jeon BH, Chung S, Lee J. Influence of biochar on physico-chemical and microbial community during swine manure composting process. J Environ Manage 2019; 232:592-599. [PMID: 30517840 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.11.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Excessive nutrients and toxic gas emissions from animal manure management are of great global concern, with negative environmental and economic consequences worldwide. Due to biochar recalcitrance and sorption properties, this study investigated the effect of the biochar(BC) derived from bamboo, amendment on swine manure(SM) composting efficiency through physical, physio-chemical, gaseous emissions, microbiological, and phytotoxic analysis during the 56 day process of in-vessel composting. The treatments were set-up from different ratios of biochar to swine manure mixed with sawdust(SD)(i.e. SM + SD + 3%BC(T1), SM:SD + 5 %BC(T2) and SM:SD + 10 %BC (T3)), while treatment without biochar amendment was used as a control, SM:SD(C). The results showed that, compared to the control, biochar amended compost mixtures had significantly reduced (p ≤ 0.05) bulk density, organic matter(OM), C:N ratio, NH3 emission, pathogenic microorganisms, and phytotoxicity effect (Cress seed, Lepidium sativum Linn.). On the other hand, biochar amendment mixtures had increased total porosity, water holding capacity, rapid thermophilic temperature, and nitrate nitrogen. However, with the most prominent effects in terms of the nutrient quality and degradation rate of compost mixtures, the amendment of 10% biochar is recommended for swine manure management through the composting process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balasubramani Ravindran
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University Youngtong-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do, 16227, South Korea.
| | - Dinh Duc Nguyen
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University Youngtong-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do, 16227, South Korea
| | - Dhiraj Kumar Chaudhary
- Ecology Laboratory, Dept. of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Kyonggi University, 154-42 Gwanggyosan-Ro, Youngtong-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do, 16227, South Korea
| | - Soon Woong Chang
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University Youngtong-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do, 16227, South Korea.
| | - Jaisoo Kim
- Ecology Laboratory, Dept. of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Kyonggi University, 154-42 Gwanggyosan-Ro, Youngtong-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do, 16227, South Korea
| | - Sang Ryong Lee
- Department of Agro-biotechnology & convergence, Jeonju University, Jeonju-si, South Korea
| | - JoungDu Shin
- Department of Climate Change and Agro-ecology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, WanJu Gun, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - SeokJoo Chung
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University Youngtong-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do, 16227, South Korea
| | - JaeJoung Lee
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University Youngtong-Gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do, 16227, South Korea
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Abdallah M, Marzocco S, Adesso S, Zarrouk M, Guerfel M. Olive oil polyphenols extracts inhibit inflammatory markers in J774A.1 murine macrophages and scavenge free radicals. Acta Histochem 2018; 120:1-10. [PMID: 29128095 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Here we evaluate the olive oil antiradical and anti-inflammatory potential through its polyphenols extracts and examine the influence of olive maturity on olive oil quality properties, polyphenols composition and biological potentials. Samples have been obtained from minor Tunisian olive cultivars (Chemchali, Fouji and Zarrazi) at different maturity indices. Principal quality properties were evaluated and polyphenols analysis was carried out by Folin Ciocalteu reagent and HPLC-UV-MS. Antiradical activity was examined by DPPH and FRAP scavenging assays while J774A.1 murine macrophages were used to evaluate anti-inflammatory potential by analyzing NO production with Griess reagent method and iNOS and COX-2 expression by cytofluorimetric analysis. Our results revealed that quality characteristics, total phenol content, as well as phenolic compound concentrations were significantly affected by the olive maturity levels. On the other hand, the polyphenols extracts showed an interesting radical scavenging capacity and a potential ability to inhibit inflammatory markers at 90% for NO release and 75% for iNOS expression. Thus, our study establishes that olive oil through its polyphenols extracts has a substantial antiradical and anti-inflammatory potential. Likewise a lot of attention should be attributed to olive ripening level in order to decide the optimum harvesting time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Abdallah
- University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of sciences of Tunis, Campus University, Tunis 1060, Tunisia; Laboratory of biotechnology of olive, Center of biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
| | - Stefania Marzocco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Simona Adesso
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Mokhtar Zarrouk
- Laboratory of biotechnology of olive, Center of biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Mokhtar Guerfel
- Laboratory of biotechnology of olive, Center of biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
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Moharana PC, Biswas DR. Assessment of maturity indices of rock phosphate enriched composts using variable crop residues. Bioresour Technol 2016; 222:1-13. [PMID: 27697732 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.09.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to asses maturity indices of rock phosphate enriched composts using crop residues having variable C/N ratios. There were distinct differences in concentration of NH4+-N, NO3--N, Olsen-P and NH4OAc-K for composts generated from different crop residues, the highest being in rice straw. Water soluble P varied from 3.47-4.45% of total P, while citrate soluble P varied from 32.7-54.0% of total P. Rice straw composts showed lower C/N, WSC/Org-N and E4/E6 ratio and higher germination index indicating that they are well-matured and stabilized compost. The relative order of performance of crop residues in aggrading compost quality was chickpea stover>rice straw>mustard stover>wheat straw>tree leaves. The results demonstrated that all the enriched composts had higher contents of available nutrients and quality indices, indicating that enriched composts could be used to substitute costly chemical fertilizers for crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- P C Moharana
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
| | - D R Biswas
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India.
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Jha SN, Narsaiah K, Sharma AD, Singh M, Bansal S, Kumar R. Quality parameters of mango and potential of non-destructive techniques for their measurement - a review. J Food Sci Technol 2010; 47:1-14. [PMID: 23572595 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-010-0004-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2008] [Accepted: 06/18/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The king of fruits "Mango" (Mangifera indica L.) is very nutritious and rich in carotenes. India produces about 50% of the total world's mango. Many researchers have reported the maturity indices and quality parameters for determination of harvesting time and eating quality. The methods currently used for determination of quality of mango are mostly based on the biochemical analysis, which leads to destruction of the fruits. Numerous works are being carried out to explore some non-destructive methods such as Near Infrared (NIR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), X-ray and Computed Tomography (CT), electronic nose, machine vision and ultrasound for quality determination of fruits. This paper deals with some recent work reported on quality parameters, harvesting and post-harvest treatments in relation to quality of mango fruits and reviews on some of the potential non-destructive techniques that can be explored for quality determination of mango cultivars.
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