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Medina C, Krawczyk MC, Millan J, Blake MG, Boccia MM. Oxytocin-Cholinergic Central Interaction: Implications for Non-Social Memory Formation. Neuroscience 2022; 497:73-85. [PMID: 35752429 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (AVP) are two closely related neuropeptides implicated in learning and memory processes, anxiety, nociception, addiction, feeding behavior and social information processing. Regarding learning and memory, OT has induced long-lasting impairment in different behaviors, while the opposite was observed with AVP. We have previously evaluated the effect of peripheral administration of OT or its antagonist (AOT) on the inhibitory avoidance response of mice and on the modulation of cholinergic mechanisms. Here, we replicate and validate those results, but this time through central administration of neuropeptides, considering their poor passage through the blood-brain barrier (BBB). When we delivered OT (0.10 ng/mouse) and its antagonist (0.10 ng/mouse) through intracerebroventricular (ICV) injections, the neuropeptide impaired and AOT enhanced the behavioral performance on an inhibitory avoidance response evaluated 48 h after training in a dose-dependent manner. On top of that, we investigated a possible central interaction between OT and the cholinergic system. Administration of anticholinesterases inhibitors with access to the central nervous system (CNS), the activation of muscarinic acetylcholine (Ach) receptors and the increase of evoked ACh release using linopirdine (Lino) (3-10 µg/kg, IP), reversed the impairment of retention performance induced by OT. Besides, either muscarinic or nicotinic antagonists with unrestricted access to the CNS reduced the magnitude of the performance-facilitating effect of AOT's central infusion. We suggest that OT might induce a cholinergic hypofunction state, resulting in an impairment of IA memory formation, a process for which the cholinergic system is crucially necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Medina
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de los Procesos de Memoria, Cátedra de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M C Krawczyk
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de los Procesos de Memoria, Cátedra de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J Millan
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de los Procesos de Memoria, Cátedra de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M G Blake
- Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica (IFIBIO UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M M Boccia
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de los Procesos de Memoria, Cátedra de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Krawczyk MC, Millan J, Blake MG, Boccia MM. Role of prediction error and the cholinergic system on memory reconsolidation processes in mice. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2021; 185:107534. [PMID: 34619364 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2021.107534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The ability to make predictions based on stored information is a general coding strategy. A prediction error (PE) is a mismatch between expected and current events. Our memories, like ourselves, are subject to change. Thus, an acquired memory can become active and update its content or strength by a labilization-reconsolidation process. Within the reconsolidation framework, PE drives the updating of consolidated memories. In the past our lab has made key progresses showing that a blockade in the central cholinergic system during reconsolidation can cause memory impairment, while reinforcement of cholinergic activity enhances it. In the present work we determined that PE is a necessary condition for memory to reconsolidate in an inhibitory avoidance task using both male and female mice. Depending on the intensity of the unconditioned stimulus (US) used during training, a negative (higher US intensity) or positive (lower US intensity/no US) PE on a retrieval session modified the behavioral response on a subsequent testing session. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the cholinergic system modulates memory reconsolidation only when PE is detected. In this scenario administration of oxotremorine, scopolamine or nicotine after memory reactivation either enhanced or impaired memory reconsolidation in a sex-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Krawczyk
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de los Procesos de Memoria, Cátedra de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J Millan
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de los Procesos de Memoria, Cátedra de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M G Blake
- Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica (IFIBIO UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M M Boccia
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de los Procesos de Memoria, Cátedra de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Krawczyk MC, Millan J, Blake MG, Boccia MM. Critical role of hippocampal muscarinic acetylcholine receptors on memory reconsolidation in mice. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2020; 177:107360. [PMID: 33307182 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2020.107360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Over the years, experimental and clinical evidence has given support to the idea that acetylcholine (Ach) plays an essential role in mnemonic phenomena. On the other hand, the Hippocampus is already known to have a key role in learning and memory. What is yet unclear is how the Ach receptors may contribute to this brain region role during memory retrieval. The Ach receptors are divided into two broad subtypes: the ionotropic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and the metabotropic muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. Back in 2010, we demonstrated for the first time the critical role of hippocampal α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in memory reconsolidation process of an inhibitory avoidance response in mice. In the present work, we further investigate the possible implication of hippocampal muscarinic Ach receptors (mAchRs) in this process using a pharmacological approach. By specifically administrating agonists and antagonists of the different mAchRs subtypes in the hippocampus, we found that M1 and M2 but not M3 subtype may be involved in memory reconsolidation processes in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Krawczyk
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de los Procesos de Memoria, Cátedra de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J Millan
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de los Procesos de Memoria, Cátedra de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M G Blake
- Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica (IFIBIO UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M M Boccia
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de los Procesos de Memoria, Cátedra de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Gallano P, Vieitez I, Gonzalez-Quereda L, Borrego S, Marcos I, Millan J, Jaijo T, Prior C, Molano J, Trujillo-Tiebas M, Gallego-Merlo J, Garcia-Barcina M, Fenollar-Cortés M, Navarro C. Mutational spectrum of Duchenne muscular dystrophy in Spain: Study of 284 cases. Neuromuscul Disord 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2016.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Millan J, Rodriguez de Miguel M, Peña MO, de la Figuera M, Jesus M. Trends for clinical practice in the management of diabetic and hypertensive patients in primary care in Spain. Atencion study. Atherosclerosis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Millan J, Pinto X, Zuñiga M, Mangas A, Mijares AH, Corbella E, Pedro-Botet J. Atherogenic ratios in patients with recurrent acute coronary syndrome and receiving statin therapy: Clinical usefullness as cardiovascular predictors. Atherosclerosis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Millan J, Garcia-Andrade CR, Alvarez-Sala Walther L. Cardiovascular lifestyle profile in undergraduates universitary students. Atherosclerosis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Olmedo M, Garcia R, Barrientos M, Chisholm P, Millan J. Correlation between estimated cardiovascular risk and anthropometric data. Atherosclerosis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Artacho M, Olmedo M, Millan J. Agreements to calculate cardiovascular risk by standardized models in Spanish population. Atherosclerosis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Torrea M, Aladeazabal N, Berastegui OL, Pinilla B, Muiño A, Millan J. Cardiometabolic risk associated with metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetes patients. Atherosclerosis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Aranceta J, Rodrigo CP, Mantilla T, Monereo S, Moreno B, Millan J. Dietary patterns and atherometabolic cardiovascular risk. Atherosclerosis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Millan J, Mantila T, Monereo S, Moreno B, Rodrigo CP, Aranceta J. Anthropometric indices and cardiovascular risk: Spanish perspectives. Atherosclerosis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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John LN, McBride WJ, Millan J, Wilson K. Seroprevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in HIV/AIDS patients and healthy blood donors at the Port Moresby General Hospital, Papua New Guinea. P N G Med J 2012; 55:88-93. [PMID: 25338478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The findings of a seroepidemiological study into the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection amongst normal blood donors and patients infected with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) are presented. Of the total 301 participants, 181 were HIV antibody positive and 120 blood donors were HIV antibody negative. We used a prevalidated questionnaire, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the Epi Info version 3.2 software plus SPSS version 10 for data analysis. The results showed an overall antibody prevalence rate of 53% in the population and a significantly higher infection rate amongst HIV-positive patients: odds ratio 2.14 (95% CI 1.30-3.53), p = 0.001. The study further showed that exposure to cats and highlands origin were independent risk factors. This study has demonstrated that in light of the current HIV/AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) epidemic, opportunistic infections such as toxoplasmosis will be a cause of considerable morbidity and mortality. It is therefore important that clinicians and public health practitioners fit these findings into overall management strategies to help control toxoplasmosis.
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Tynan A, Vallely A, Kelly A, Kupul M, Law G, Millan J, Siba P, Kaldor J, Hill PS. Health workers, health facilities and penile cutting in papua new guinea: implications for male circumcision as an HIV prevention strategy. P N G Med J 2011; 54:109-122. [PMID: 24494507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
There has been increasing interest in Papua New Guinea (PNG) in male circumcision (MC) for HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) prevention following compelling evidence from ecological studies and clinical trials in Africa, and the World Health Organization's recommendation in 2007 that MC be considered part of comprehensive HIV prevention programs in high-prevalence settings. Though no national policy has been established in PNG, East Sepik Province (ESP) commenced a formal program of MC in 2006, and there is evidence that PNG health workers are involved in other penile foreskin cutting activities in many areas. As part of a wider Male Circumcision Acceptability and Impact Study in PNG, we conducted an audit at a sample of PNG health facilities to assess their suitability for implementing a national MC program, and to identify issues that may arise in any future roll-out. The clinical audits demonstrated the difficulties with procurement and availability of equipment for general services around PNG, shortage of staff and capacity, and limitations of available clinical space. Results show that the ESP program has been successful; however, the success relies heavily on commitment from key workers to volunteer their time and services. A review of penile cutting activities by health care workers outside of the ESP program showed that the PNG health system is already involved in contemporary and traditional penile cutting practices via formal and informal arrangements: for example, by responding to complications from penile cuts performed by non-health workers, assisting community members to perform penile cutting through provision of equipment and advice, or providing regular penile foreskin cutting services for contemporary and traditional practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tynan
- Australian Centre for International and Tropical Health, School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - A Vallely
- Public Health Interventions Research Group, Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - A Kelly
- Sexual and Reproductive Health Unit, Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka
| | - M Kupul
- Sexual and Reproductive Health Unit, Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka
| | - G Law
- Sexual Health and Disease Control Branch, Papua New Guinea Department of Health, Port Moresby
| | - J Millan
- Sexual Health and Disease Control Branch, Papua New Guinea Department of Health, Port Moresby
| | - P Siba
- Sexual and Reproductive Health Unit, Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka
| | - J Kaldor
- Public Health Interventions Research Group, Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - P S Hill
- Australian Centre for International and Tropical Health, School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Vallely A, MacLaren DJ, Kaleva W, Millan J, Tommbe R, Marape W, Manineng C, Buchanan H, Amos A, Frank R, Kelly A, Kupul M, Aeno H, Trowalle E, John LN, Redman-Maclaren ML, Ryan C, Browne K, Tynan A, Hill PS, Gray RT, Murray J, Wilson DP, Law G, Siba P, McBride WJH, Farley T, Kaldor JM. Male circumcision for HIV prevention in Papua New Guinea: a summary of research evidence and recommendations for public health following a national policy forum. P N G Med J 2011; 54:91-108. [PMID: 24494506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In 2005, a clinical trial in South Africa found that circumcision of young men could reduce their risk of acquiring HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection by over 60%. In the following year, two more trials in Africa confirmed this finding, leading the World Health Organization to recommend male circumcision as a public health strategy for HIV prevention in high-incidence countries. In order to inform public health policy in Papua New Guinea (PNG), two major research projects were initiated with the goals of investigating the status of penile cutting practices and assessing understandings, acceptability, feasibility and cost-effectiveness of male circumcision for HIV prevention. In addition, behavioural surveillance surveys systematically asked questions on penile cutting practices and an ethnographic literature review informed historical perspectives of penile cutting in PNG. Key findings from these research activities were presented at a National Policy Forum on Male Circumcision for HIV Prevention held in Port Moresby in November 2011. The Forum made three key recommendations: (1) the formation of a joint National Department of HealthlNational AIDS Council Secretariat Policy Committee on male circumcision; (2) the establishment of an integrated harm reduction program; and (3) that future policy on wide-scale roll-out of male circumcision for HIV prevention in PNG be informed by a combination of data from (a) male circumcision intervention pilot programs and (b) research on the potential protective effect of other forms of penile cutting.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vallely
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
| | - D J MacLaren
- School of Public Health, Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitation Sciences, James Coo University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - W Kaleva
- Papua New Guinea National AIDS Council Secretariat, Port Moresby
| | - J Millan
- Papua New Guinea Sexual Health Society, Waigani, National Capital District 131, Papua New Guinea
| | - R Tommbe
- Pacific Adventist University, Boroko, Papua New Guinea
| | - W Marape
- Divine Word University, Madang, Papua New Guinea
| | - C Manineng
- Divine Word University, Madang, Papua New Guinea
| | - H Buchanan
- National Research Institute, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea
| | - A Amos
- National Research Institute, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea
| | - R Frank
- National Research Institute, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea
| | - A Kelly
- Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia
| | - M Kupul
- Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia
| | - H Aeno
- Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia
| | - E Trowalle
- East Sepik Provincial AIDS Committee, Wewak, Papua New Guinea
| | - L N John
- School of Public Health, Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitation Sciences, James Coo University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - M L Redman-Maclaren
- School of Public Health, Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitation Sciences, James Coo University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - C Ryan
- Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia
| | - K Browne
- National Department of Health and Asian Development Bank HIV Prevention Project, Waigani, Papua New Guinea
| | - A Tynan
- School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
| | - P S Hill
- School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
| | - R T Gray
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - J Murray
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - D P Wilson
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - G Law
- Disease Control Branch, National Department of Health, Waigani, Papua New Guinea
| | - P Siba
- Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia
| | - W J H McBride
- School of Public Health, Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitation Sciences, James Coo University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - T Farley
- Sigma 3 Services, Nyon, Switzerland
| | - J M Kaldor
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Torres A, Cachofeiro V, Bello E, Millan J, Recarte C, Lahera V, Alvarez-Sala L. 672 EFFECT OF MODERATE INTAKE OF DIFFERENT ALCOHOLIC DRINKS OVER THE PLASMATIC CONCENTRATION OF PRO-INFLAMMATORY MARKERS INDUCED BY A FAT-ENRICHED DIET. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(11)70673-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Millan J, Calzado CG, Recarte C. 126 CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS WITH OR WITHOUT METABOLIC SYNDROME. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(11)70127-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Millan J, Gonzalez-Juanatey J, Guijarro C, Alegria E, Lozano J, Gonzalez-Timon B, Vitale G. MS214 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN LOW HDL-C AND FAMILY HISTORY OF PREMATURE CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN SPANISH STATIN-TREATED PATIENTS. THE DYSLIPIDEMIA INTERNATIONAL STUDY (DYSIS-SPAIN). ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(10)70715-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Millan J, Gonzalez-Juanatey J, Alegria E, Guijarro C, Gonzalez-Timon B, Vitale G. P162 PREVALENCE OF LOW HDL-C IN STATIN TREATED PATIENTS – THE DYSLIPIDEMIA INTERNATIONAL STUDY (DYSIS-SPAIN). ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(10)70229-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Millan J, Gonzalez-Juanatey J, Alegria E, Guijarro C, Lozano J, Gonzalez-Timon B, Vitale G. MS257 CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH HIGH CLDL PLUS LOW CHDL AND/OR HIGH TG IN SPAIN. THE DYSLIPIDEMIA INTERNATIONAL STUDY (DYSIS-SPAIN). ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(10)70758-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Millan J, Gonzalez-Juanatey J, Guijarro C, Alegria E, Lozano J, Gonzalez-Timon B, Vitale G. P137 PREVALENCE OF LOW HDL-C IN STATIN-TREATED PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE. THE DYSLIPIDEMIA INTERNATIONAL STUDY (DYSIS-SPAIN). ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(10)70204-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Millan J, Gonzalez-Juanatey J, Guijarro C, Alegria E, Lozano J, Gonzalez-Timon B, Vitale G. P202 PERSISTENT LIPID ABNORMALITIES IN STATIN TREATED PATIENTS IN SPAIN. THE DYSLIPIDEMIA INTERNATIONAL SURVEY STUDY (DYSIS-SPAIN). ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(10)70269-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Chen K, Malo M, Beasley-Topliffe L, Poelstra K, Millan J, Mostafa G, Alam S, Ramasamy S, Warren H, Hohmann E, Hodin R. A Role for Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase in the Maintenance of Local Gut Immunity. J Surg Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2009.11.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Sobrino R, Ferroglio E, Oleaga A, Romano A, Millan J, Revilla M, Arnal M, Trisciuoglio A, Gortázar C. Characterization of widespread canine leishmaniasis among wild carnivores from Spain. Vet Parasitol 2008; 155:198-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2008] [Revised: 04/19/2008] [Accepted: 05/06/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Millan J, Mantilla T, Aranceta J, Moreno B, Foz M, Monereo S. PO21-649 CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS PREVALENCE IN THE SPANISH POPULATION AND IMPACT OF OBESITY (DORICA STUDY). ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(07)71659-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Millan J. Mo-P5:320 HDLC recommendations for cardiovascular prevention. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(06)80452-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Millan J, Aranceta J, Foz M, Gil B, Jover E, Mantilla T, Monerco S, Moreno B. Mo-P1:2 Coronary risk assessment in Spanish population according with poblational data: Dorica's risk charters. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(06)80140-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Alvarez-Rodriguez Y, Castilla M, Alvarez-Noves G, Rodríguez-Gorostiza F, Torres F, Millan J, Alvarez-Sala L. W08.189 Effect of fluvastatin (FLV) on the proliferation, apoptosis and mobility of human endothelial cells. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(04)90188-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Guarrotxena N, Del Val J, Elicegui A, Millan J. A stereochemical microstructure-based attempt to explain the dielectric behavior of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.20113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Astuto LM, Bork JM, Weston MD, Askew JW, Fields RR, Orten DJ, Ohliger SJ, Riazuddin S, Morell RJ, Khan S, Riazuddin S, Kremer H, van Hauwe P, Moller CG, Cremers CWRJ, Ayuso C, Heckenlively JR, Rohrschneider K, Spandau U, Greenberg J, Ramesar R, Reardon W, Bitoun P, Millan J, Legge R, Friedman TB, Kimberling WJ. CDH23 mutation and phenotype heterogeneity: a profile of 107 diverse families with Usher syndrome and nonsyndromic deafness. Am J Hum Genet 2002; 71:262-75. [PMID: 12075507 PMCID: PMC379159 DOI: 10.1086/341558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2002] [Accepted: 05/01/2002] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Usher syndrome type I is characterized by congenital hearing loss, retinitis pigmentosa (RP), and variable vestibular areflexia. Usher syndrome type ID, one of seven Usher syndrome type I genetic localizations, have been mapped to a chromosomal interval that overlaps with a nonsyndromic-deafness localization, DFNB12. Mutations in CDH23, a gene that encodes a putative cell-adhesion protein with multiple cadherin-like domains, are responsible for both Usher syndrome and DFNB12 nonsyndromic deafness. Specific CDH23 mutational defects have been identified that differentiate these two phenotypes. Only missense mutations of CDH23 have been observed in families with nonsyndromic deafness, whereas nonsense, frameshift, splice-site, and missense mutations have been identified in families with Usher syndrome. In the present study, a panel of 69 probands with Usher syndrome and 38 probands with recessive nonsyndromic deafness were screened for the presence of mutations in the entire coding region of CDH23, by heteroduplex, single-strand conformation polymorphism, and direct sequence analyses. A total of 36 different CDH23 mutations were detected in 45 families; 33 of these mutations were novel, including 18 missense, 3 nonsense, 5 splicing defects, 5 microdeletions, and 2 insertions. A total of seven mutations were common to more than one family. Numerous exonic and intronic polymorphisms also were detected. Results of ophthalmologic examinations of the patients with nonsyndromic deafness have found asymptomatic RP-like manifestations, indicating that missense mutations may have a subtle effect in the retina. Furthermore, patients with mutations in CDH23 display a wide range of hearing loss and RP phenotypes, differing in severity, age at onset, type, and the presence or absence of vestibular areflexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Astuto
- Center for the Study and Treatment of Usher Syndrome, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE 68131, USA
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Geleijns M, Halberstadt N, Millan J, Wormer PE, van der Avoird A. Vibrational predissociation dynamics of methane-Ar: an ab initio approach. Faraday Discuss 2001:143-58; discussion 171-89. [PMID: 11605263 DOI: 10.1039/b009741l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We calculated the cross sections for vibrational predissociation of methane-Ar induced by excitation of the methane nu 3 mode with the aid of an ab initio CH4-Ar potential depending explicitly on the nu 3 and nu 1 normal coordinates of the CH4 monomer. We found that dissociation into CH4 fragments excited in the nu 1 mode, a V-->V' process with very low kinetic energy release, strongly dominates over direct dissociation into Ar and ground state CH4, and is responsible for the line broadening observed experimentally. The (observed and calculated) strong variation of the line widths for the Van der Waals levels excited in combination with the nu 3 mode (giving states of A, F and E symmetry) is related to the opening up of appropriate nu 1 dissociation channels and the occurrence of rotational resonances in the nu 1 continuum in the energy range of the quasi-bound nu 3 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Geleijns
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, NSR-Center, University of Nijmegen, Toernooiveld, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Wile MJ, Homer LD, Gaehler S, Phillips S, Millan J. Manual differential cell counts help predict bacterial infection. A multivariate analysis. Am J Clin Pathol 2001; 115:644-9. [PMID: 11345826 DOI: 10.1309/j905-ckyw-4g7p-kuk8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed logistic regression models that combine information from the automated CBC and manual 100-cell differential counts to predict bacterial infection. The logistic models were fitted from a case group of 116 patients with proven bacterial infection and a control group of 930 presumably uninfected outpatients. A 4-variable, 15-parameter model, which includes automated absolute neutrophil, manual band, and manual immature granulocyte counts, performed best with a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve area of 89%. A more practical 2-variable model including automated absolute neutrophil and manual band counts performed almost as well with an ROC curve area of 86%. The automated neutrophil count-only model is less informative with an ROC curve area of 78%. The combined information from automated and manual differential cell counts more accurately predicts bacterial infection than automated counting alone. Despite these modest improvements, the high cost of manual differential cell counts dictates careful patient selection. The supplemental information gained from manual differential counts is most useful for patients with low to normal neutrophil counts (8,000/microL [8.0 x 10(9)/L] or less). Further studies are indicated to determine the characteristic patient populations deriving maximal benefit from this information.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Wile
- Cascade Pathology Group, Legacy Portland Hospitals, Department of Pathology, Emanuel Hospital and Health Center, 2801 N Gantenbein Ave, Portland, OR 97221, USA
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Millan J, Halberstadt N, van der Sanden G, van der Avoird A. Erratum: “Vibrational predissociation of the ND3–Ar Van der Waals complex: Comparison with NH3–Ar” [J. Chem. Phys. 106, 9141 (1997)]. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1354183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Grimaud J, Verchot B, Chapuis F, Blum L, Millan J. Le dépistage de la neuropathie hansénienne au Sénégal. Med Mal Infect 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0399-077x(01)00176-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Boucher P, Millan J, Parent M, Moulia-Pela JP. [Randomized controlled trial of medical and medico-surgical treatment of Hansen's neuritis]. Acta Leprol 2000; 11:171-7. [PMID: 10987048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare the results of the medical treatment alone and of the medico-surgical treatment on leprous neuritis. The patients were followed-up during 2 years, with regular neurological evaluations. The statistical study was performed using the Tukey test. Ninety-three nerves (ulnar, median, common peroneal and posterior tibial) with a deficit of less than 6 months duration have been studied in 31 leprosy patients. All the patients were treated by steroids but in some of them a nerve surgical decompression was performed. An improvement of the sensitive and motor deficit was observed in both groups. No significant statistical differences appeared between the 2 groups according to the nerve involved, the duration of the deficit, the form of leprosy and the type of antibacillary treatment. However, the medico-surgical treatment had a significant better result on pain and on major but incomplete nervous involvement. This study included a limited number of nerves, thus, it would be useful to perform others randomized assays to better define the indications of surgical decompression in the management of leprous neuritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Boucher
- Institut de Léprologie Appliquée de Dakar, Sénégal
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38
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Tiendrebeogo A, Sow SO, Sawadogo O, Dembele MS, Ouedraogo K, Bide L, Millan J. [Evaluation of the elimination of leprosy in Burkina Faso]. Acta Leprol 1998; 11:7-16. [PMID: 9693686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
During May and June 1997, we conducted a rapid survey on leprosy prevalence in 30 villages. It was to assess reaching of the leprosy elimination threshold (one case per 10,000 inhabitants) in Burkina Faso. We drew lots for the villages in ten provinces among which five had the highest prevalence rates of leprosy in 1996 and five had the lowest prevalence rates. We added a leprosy elimination monitoring to the survey. This monitoring consisted of visits to the health centers covering the 30 villages. We interviewed and clinically examined 33 cases of leprosy in treatment in those health centers. We found fifty-one patients of leprosy in visited villages. The prevalence rate of leprosy (6.74 per 10,000 inhabitants) was twice higher than the prevalence rate registered in the same villages. We detected 28 new cases of leprosy during the survey. Proportion of hidden cases of leprosy were 54.9%. We estimated geographical coverage of MDT at 75% in the 10 provinces. Eight of the 27 visited health centers (29.6%) did not get sufficient supply. The cure rate has fallen from 93 to 73 per cent between 1992 and 1997. Our results show that leprosy elimination threshold is not reached in Burkina Faso. Leprosy control activities that were declining during the last five years need to be reinforced.
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Rinaldi-Carmona M, Barth F, Millan J, Derocq JM, Casellas P, Congy C, Oustric D, Sarran M, Bouaboula M, Calandra B, Portier M, Shire D, Brelière JC, Le Fur GL. SR 144528, the first potent and selective antagonist of the CB2 cannabinoid receptor. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1998; 284:644-50. [PMID: 9454810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on both binding and functional data, this study introduces SR 144528 as the first, highly potent, selective and orally active antagonist for the CB2 receptor. This compound which displays subnanomolar affinity (Ki = 0.6 nM) for both the rat spleen and cloned human CB2 receptors has a 700-fold lower affinity (Ki = 400 nM) for both the rat brain and cloned human CB1 receptors. Furthermore it shows no affinity for any of the more than 70 receptors, ion channels or enzymes investigated (IC50 > 10 microM). In vitro, SR 144528 antagonizes the inhibitory effects of the cannabinoid receptor agonist CP 55,940 on forskolin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity in cell lines permanently expressing the h CB2 receptor (EC50 = 10 nM) but not in cells expressing the h CB1 (no effect at 10 microM). Furthermore, SR 144528 is able to selectively block the mitogen-activated protein kinase activity induced by CP 55,940 in cell lines expressing h CB2 (IC50 = 39 nM) whereas in cells expressing h CB1 an IC50 value of more than 1 microM is found. In addition, SR 144528 is shown to antagonize the stimulating effects of CP 55,940 on human tonsillar B-cell activation evoked by cross-linking of surface Igs (IC50 = 20 nM). In vivo, after oral administration SR 144528 totally displaced the ex vivo [3H]-CP 55,940 binding to mouse spleen membranes (ED50 = 0.35 mg/kg) with a long duration of action. In contrast, after the oral route it does not interact with the cannabinoid receptor expressed in the mouse brain (CB1). It is expected that SR 144528 will provide a powerful tool to investigate the in vivo functions of the cannabinoid system in the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rinaldi-Carmona
- Sanofi Recherche, 34184 Montpellier Cedex 04 (France) and Sanofi Recherche, Labège-Innopole voie1, BP137, 31676 Labège, Cédex 04 (France)
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Arrieta F, Saavedra M, Ramos F, Ceballos A, Hergueta L, Millan J, Herrera J, Rovira A. 4.P.45 Insulin-resistance and cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes. Atherosclerosis 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9150(97)89570-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mauclère P, Le Hesran JY, Mahieux R, Salla R, Mfoupouendoun J, Abada ET, Millan J, de Thé G, Gessain A. Demographic, ethnic, and geographic differences between human T cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) type I-seropositive carriers and persons with HTLV-I Gag-indeterminate Western blots in Central Africa. J Infect Dis 1997; 176:505-9. [PMID: 9237719 DOI: 10.1086/514071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Using stringent Western blot (WB) criteria, human T cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) type I seroprevalence among 3783 persons from representative rural populations of Cameroon averaged 1.1% and was higher in females (1.5%) and in Pygmies (2.0%), increasing with age. Furthermore, an HTLV-I Gag-indeterminate WB profile (HGIP), exhibiting strong reactivities to p19, p26, p28, p32, p36, and pr 53 but lacking both p24 and env reactivity, was observed in 1.6% of the same populations. The prevalence of the HGIP was similar between males and females, did not increase with age, and appeared to cluster in tropical forests of southern Cameroon, especially among Pygmies (reaching 4%). These contrasting epidemiologic features, together with the lack of detection by polymerase chain reaction of HTLV-I sequences in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the persons with HGIP, strongly suggest that such a WB profile does not appear to reflect an HTLV-I-related viral infection but possibly an environmental (viral or parasitic) factor endemic in tropical rain forest areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Mauclère
- Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, ORSTOM-OCEAC, and AIDS Control Unit, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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Millan J, Halberstadt N, van der Sanden G, van der Avoird A. Vibrational predissociation of the ND3-Ar Van der Waals complex: Comparison with NH3-Ar. J Chem Phys 1997. [DOI: 10.1063/1.474019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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43
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Reed JC, Miyashita T, Krajewski S, Takayama S, Aime-Sempe C, Kitada S, Sato T, Wang HG, Harigai M, Hanada M, Krajewska M, Kochel K, Millan J, Kobayashi H. Bcl-2 family proteins and the regulation of programmed cell death in leukemia and lymphoma. Cancer Treat Res 1996; 84:31-72. [PMID: 8724625 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4613-1261-1_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J C Reed
- La Jolla Cancer Research Foundation, Oncogene & Tumor Suppressor Gene Program, CA 92037, USA
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Millan J, Rodriguez-Rubio P, Lopez J, Escobar M, Gallurr P, Rodriguez P, Lorenzo A, Moran A, Senra A. 1270 TPS antigen as a marker for malignant tumors. Eur J Cancer 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0959-8049(95)96516-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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45
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Millan J, Halberstadt N, van der Sanden GCM, van der Avoird A. Fragmentation dynamics of the vibrationally excited ammonia–argon van der Waals complex. J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.469598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Mauclere P, Mahieux R, Garcia-Calleja JM, Salla R, Tekaïa F, Millan J, De Thé G, Gessain A. A new HTLV type II subtype A isolate in an HIV type 1-infected prostitute from Cameroon, Central Africa. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1995; 11:989-93. [PMID: 7492447 DOI: 10.1089/aid.1995.11.989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Among 332 female sex workers in Douala, Cameroon, 113 were HIV-1 seropositive, 3 were HTLV-I seropositive, and only 1 had specific anti-HTLV-II antibodies. By cocultivation with BJAB cells, an HTLV-II was isolated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of this 32-year-old woman coinfected by HIV-1. This new African HTLV-II isolate (PH230PCAM) belongs to the molecular subtype A, exhibiting, however, a nucleotide variability of 2.4% and 0.8%, vis-à-vis the MO prototype, in the LTR and in the gp21 env gene, respectively. These data, as well as the previous findings of another HTLV-II subtype A in a Ghanean prostitute, suggest that this viral subtype had been imported into Africa, while the HTLV-II subtype B, described in remote areas of Zaire, Gabon, and Cameroon, could be a genuine African HTLV-II, present in this continent for a long period of time.
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Millan J, Mangas A, Cortes I, Conthe P. Influence of dietetic linoleic versus oleic fatty acid in LDL-c/APOB ratio. Atherosclerosis 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9150(95)96429-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Gessain A, Mauclère P, Froment A, Biglione M, Le Hesran JY, Tekaia F, Millan J, de Thé G. Isolation and molecular characterization of a human T-cell lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II), subtype B, from a healthy Pygmy living in a remote area of Cameroon: an ancient origin for HTLV-II in Africa. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1995; 92:4041-5. [PMID: 7732027 PMCID: PMC42098 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.92.9.4041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We report characterization of a human T-cell lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II) isolated from an interleukin 2-dependent CD8 T-cell line derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a healthy, HTLV-II-seropositive female Bakola Pygmy, aged 59, living in a remote equatorial forest area in south Cameroon. This HTLLV-II isolate, designated PYGCAM-1, reacted in an indirect immunofluorescence assay with HTLV-II and HTLV-I polyclonal antibodies and with an HTLV-I/II gp46 monoclonal antibody but not with HTLV-I gag p19 or p24 monoclonal antibodies. The cell line produced HTLV-I/II p24 core antigen and retroviral particles. The entire env gene (1462 bp) and most of the long terminal repeat (715 bp) of the PYGCAM-1 provirus were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction using HTLV-II-specific primers. Comparison with the long terminal repeat and envelope sequences of prototype HTLV-II strains indicated that PYGCAM-1 belongs to the subtype B group, as it has only 0.5-2% nucleotide divergence from HTLV-II B strains. The finding of antibodies to HTLV-II in sera taken from the father of the woman in 1984 and from three unrelated members of the same population strongly suggests that PYGCAM-1 is a genuine HTLV-II that has been present in this isolated population for a long time. The low genetic divergence of this African isolate from American isolates raises questions about the genetic variability over time and the origin and dissemination of HTLV-II, hitherto considered to be predominantly a New World virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gessain
- Unité d'Epidémiologie des Virus Oncogènes, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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Grimaud J, Chapuis F, Millan J. [Segmental ulnar nerve conduction in Hansen's disease]. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1994; 150:791-5. [PMID: 7597373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In leprosy, ulnar neuritis is considered to be selectively localised at the elbow and is often treated by surgical decompression when pain and/or neurological deficit occurs. The aim of this prospective study is to assess the prevalence, localisation and severity of ulnar nerve damage in leprosy. Motor nerve conduction velocity (MNC) was measured at 3 different segments: arm, elbow and forearm, and was expressed both in meters/second and percentage of the mean normal values found in our laboratory or as reported in other studies. The patient group consisted of 123 consecutive new leprosy sufferers (228 ulnar nerves only) who attended the Institut de Léprologie Appliquée de Dakar over the period of one year. Diagnosis and classification were based on Ridley & Jopling's criteria, including skin and nerve biopsy. Mean MNC was reduced by 13.5 m/s at the arm, 19.8 m/s at the elbow and 7.8 m/s at the forearm as compared to the mean normal values. Increased distal latency as an isolated finding was rare (0.9%). Mean MNC was more reduced in the BL, LL (lepromatous) than in the TT, BT (tuberculoid) subgroups, despite similar disease durations (22.3 +/- 18.7 months and 24.2 +/- 26.4 months respectively (n.s.). Using different normal MNC values did not affect the conclusion: we did not see any selective slowing of ulnar MNC at the elbow suggesting that nerve damage is not primarily related to mechanical factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Grimaud
- Institut de Léprologie Appliquée de Dakar, Fondation de l'Ordre Souverain de Malte, Sénégal
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Grimaud J, Chapuis F, Verchot B, Millan J. [How to detect neuropathy in leprosy]. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1994; 150:785-90. [PMID: 7597372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In leprosy, the early detection of peripheral nerve damage is essential for the prevention of disability. To date, there is no consensus on what is the best clinical test to reveal such abnormalities. In this prospective study we examined the effectiveness of five clinical tests to assess radial cutaneous nerve (RCN) damage (the most frequently involved). Light touch was assessed by two nylon threads (based on the Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments testing technique) bent on the skin at a pressure of 0.5 (N. 4 nylon) and 0.2 gram (N. 5 nylon). Pinprick and cooling sensations were examined by a needle and a drop of ether. The nerve thickness was assessed by palpation. Sensory findings were then compared to sensory nerve conduction values of the RCN and a sensitivity analysis was performed. The patient group consisted of 108 consecutive new leprosy sufferers (138 RCN) who attended the Institut de Léprologie Appliquée de Dakar during one year. Diagnosis and classification were based on Ridley and Jopling's criteria (clinical examination, skin smears and biopsy). Normal values were determined among 22 healthy subjects (44 RCN). The best tests in term of sensitivity were palpation (.60), N. 5 nylon (.65) and N. 5 + palpation (.79). Their positive predictive values were .84 (palpation), .94 (N. 5 nylon) and .83 (N. 5 + palpation). The best tests in term of area under the curve were palpation (.66), N. 5 nylon (.71) and N. 5 + palpation (.78). The results remain the same for the lepromatous or tuberculoid leprosy patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- J Grimaud
- Institut de Léprologie Appliquée de Dakar, Fondation de l'Ordre Souverain de Malte, Sénégal
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