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Stephenson EL, Jones AL, Luther JS, Radunz AE. 119 Evaluation of circulating plasma amino acid concentrations in beef heifers supplemented protein in a low- to medium-quality forage diet. J Anim Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.2527/asasann.2017.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Rawson CM, Pukrop JR, Day S, Jones AL, Luther JS, Radunz AE. 126 Evaluation of protein supplementation on protein digestibility in beef cattle fed a low to medium quality forage diet. J Anim Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.2527/asasann.2017.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Jones AL, Stephenson EL, Kruckenburg K, Randall M, Zwiefelhofer E, Stuttgen J, Martin K, Radunz AE, Fricke PM, Luther JS. 457 Effects of protein supplementation with low to medium quality forage on reproductive parameters in beef heifers in early pregnancy. J Anim Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.2527/asasann.2017.457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Jones AL, Stephenson EL, Kruckenburg K, Randall M, Zwiefelhofer E, Stuttgen J, Martin K, Fricke PM, Luther JS, Radunz AE. 574 Effects of protein supplementation with low to medium quality forage on intake and circulating amino acids in beef heifers in early pregnancy. J Anim Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.2527/asasann.2017.574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Stephenson EL, Jones AL, Luther JS, Radunz AE. 0199 Effect of low- and high-fat dry distillers grains supplementation on forage intake and digestibility in beef heifers. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-0199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Pukrop JR, Day S, Fricke PM, Luther JS, Jones AL, Sylvester JT, Radunz AE. 1586 Evaluation of protein supplementation in low- to medium-quality forage diets on intake and ruminal fermentation in steers. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-1586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Magolski JD, Luther JS, Neville TL, Redmer DA, Reynolds LP, Caton JS, Vonnahme KA. Maternal nutrition during pregnancy influences offspring wool production and wool follicle development1. J Anim Sci 2011; 89:3819-23. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2010-3687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Hammer CJ, Thorson JF, Meyer AM, Redmer DA, Luther JS, Neville TL, Reed JJ, Reynolds LP, Caton JS, Vonnahme KA. Effects of maternal selenium supply and plane of nutrition during gestation on passive transfer of immunity and health in neonatal lambs1. J Anim Sci 2011; 89:3690-8. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2010-3724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Meyer AM, Reed JJ, Neville TL, Thorson JF, Maddock-Carlin KR, Taylor JB, Reynolds LP, Redmer DA, Luther JS, Hammer CJ, Vonnahme KA, Caton JS. Nutritional plane and selenium supply during gestation affect yield and nutrient composition of colostrum and milk in primiparous ewes1. J Anim Sci 2011; 89:1627-39. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2010-3394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Neville TL, Caton JS, Hammer CJ, Reed JJ, Luther JS, Taylor JB, Redmer DA, Reynolds LP, Vonnahme KA. Ovine offspring growth and diet digestibility are influenced by maternal selenium supplementation and nutritional intake during pregnancy despite a common postnatal diet1. J Anim Sci 2010; 88:3645-56. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2009-2666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Vonnahme KA, Luther JS, Reynolds LP, Hammer CJ, Carlson DB, Redmer DA, Caton JS. Impacts of maternal selenium and nutritional level on growth, adiposity, and glucose tolerance in female offspring in sheep. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2010; 39:240-8. [PMID: 20920781 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2010.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2010] [Revised: 06/22/2010] [Accepted: 06/25/2010] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
To examine effects of maternal nutrition and Se intake on adiposity and insulin sensitivity in female offspring, treatments were imposed during gestation on 82 pregnant primiparous Rambouillet ewe lambs (52.2 ± 0.8 kg) allotted randomly to 1 of 6 treatments in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement. Factors were adequate (9.5 μg Se·kg BW(-1)·d(-1); ASe) or high (81.8 μg Se·kg BW(-1)·d(-1); HSe) levels of dietary Se (Se-enriched yeast) and maternal nutritional intake (100% of metabolizable energy [ME] requirement [MOD], 60% of MOD [LOW], and 140% of MOD [HIGH]). Selenium treatments were initiated at breeding and global nutritional treatments at day 50 of gestation. At parturition, lambs were removed from ewes before nursing and managed similarly. Glucose tolerance tests were performed at 107 and 148 d of age. Necropsies were performed at 180 d of age. Although there was no effect of Se on maternal body condition or weight during gestation, both maternal nutritional intake and selenium treatment influenced (P ≤ 0.04) offspring growth and response to a glucose tolerance test. Female lambs from HSe ewes were heavier (P = 0.04) at birth. There were nutritional intake and Se interactions (P ≤ 0.05) on the growth rate of the lambs and their insulin response to a glucose bolus at 2 different times during growth. By 180 d, ewe lambs from HSe ewes had more (P ≤ 0.07) internal fat stores than lambs from ASe ewes. It appears that both maternal nutritional level and Se intake can influence insulin sensitivity, and maternal Se intake alone can enhance fat deposition in female offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Vonnahme
- Department of Animal Sciences, Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA.
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Reynolds LP, Borowicz PP, Caton JS, Vonnahme KA, Luther JS, Hammer CJ, Maddock Carlin KR, Grazul-Bilska AT, Redmer DA. Developmental programming: the concept, large animal models, and the key role of uteroplacental vascular development. J Anim Sci 2009; 88:E61-72. [PMID: 20023136 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2009-2359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Developmental programming refers to the programming of various bodily systems and processes by a stressor of the maternal system during pregnancy or during the neonatal period. Such stressors include nutritional stress, multiple pregnancy (i.e., increased numbers of fetuses in the gravid uterus), environmental stress (e.g., high environmental temperature, high altitude, prenatal steroid exposure), gynecological immaturity, and maternal or fetal genotype. Programming refers to impaired function of numerous bodily systems or processes, leading to poor growth, altered body composition, metabolic dysfunction, and poor productivity (e.g., poor growth, reproductive dysfunction) of the offspring throughout their lifespan and even across generations. A key component of developmental programming seems to be placental dysfunction, leading to altered fetal growth and development. We discuss various large animal models of developmental programming and how they have and will continue to contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying altered placental function and developmental programming, and, further, how large animal models also will be critical to the identification and application of therapeutic strategies that will alleviate the negative consequences of developmental programming to improve offspring performance in livestock production and human medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P Reynolds
- Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, and Animal Sciences Department, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA.
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Swanson TJ, Hammer CJ, Luther JS, Carlson DB, Taylor JB, Redmer DA, Neville TL, Reed JJ, Reynolds LP, Caton JS, Vonnahme KA. Effects of gestational plane of nutrition and selenium supplementation on mammary development and colostrum quality in pregnant ewe lambs1. J Anim Sci 2008; 86:2415-23. [PMID: 18441080 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2008-0996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T J Swanson
- Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy, Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58105, USA
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Wallace JM, Luther JS, Milne JS, Aitken RP, Redmer DA, Reynolds LP, Hay WW. Nutritional modulation of adolescent pregnancy outcome -- a review. Placenta 2006; 27 Suppl A:S61-8. [PMID: 16442614 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2005.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2005] [Revised: 12/02/2005] [Accepted: 12/06/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The risks of miscarriage, prematurity and low birth weight are particularly acute in adolescent girls who are still growing at the time of conception. The role of maternal nutrition in mediating pregnancy outcome in this vulnerable group has been examined in sheep models. When singleton bearing adolescent dams are overnourished to promote rapid maternal growth throughout pregnancy, growth of both the placenta and fetus is impaired, and birth occurs prematurely relative to control adolescents of equivalent age. Studies at mid-gestation, prior to alterations in placental mass, suggest that reduced proliferation of the fetal trophectoderm, impaired angiogenesis, and attenuated uteroplacental blood flows are early defects in placental development. By late pregnancy, relative placental mass is reduced by 45% but uteroplacental metabolism and placental glucose transfer capacity remain normal when expressed on a placental weight specific basis. The asymmetrically growth-restricted fetuses are hypoxic, hypoglycemic and have reduced insulin and IGF-1 concentrations. Absolute umbilical nutrient uptakes are attenuated but fetal utilisation of glucose, oxygen and amino acids remains normal on a fetal weight basis. This suggests altered sensitivities to metabolic signals and may have implications for subsequent metabolic health. At the other end of the nutritional spectrum, many girls who become pregnant have inadequate or marginal nutritional status during pregnancy. This situation is replicated in a second model whereby dams are prevented from growing during pregnancy by relatively underfeeding. Limiting maternal intake in this way gradually depletes maternal body reserves leading to a lower transplacental glucose gradient and a modest slowing of fetal growth in late pregnancy. These changes appear to be independent of alterations in placental growth per se. Thus, while the underlying mechanisms differ, maternal intake at both ends of the nutritional spectrum is a powerful determinant of fetal growth in pregnant adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Wallace
- Development, Growth and Function Division, Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, AB21 9SB, UK.
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Foldvary N, Nashold B, Mascha E, Thompson EA, Lee N, McNamara JO, Lewis DV, Luther JS, Friedman AH, Radtke RA. Seizure outcome after temporal lobectomy for temporal lobe epilepsy: a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Neurology 2000; 54:630-4. [PMID: 10680795 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.54.3.630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine seizure outcome and its predictors in patients with medically refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) after temporal lobectomy (TL). BACKGROUND TL is the most common surgical procedure performed in adolescents and adults for the treatment of medically refractory TLE. Seizure outcome has been reported extensively during the first few postoperative years, but little is known beyond that time. METHODS The authors analyzed seizure outcome in 79 patients who underwent TL for epilepsy at the Duke University Medical Center from 1962 through 1984. Patients with less than 2 years of follow-up and degenerative disorders were excluded. Predictors of seizure outcome were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival analyses. RESULTS The mean follow-up was 14 years (range, 2.1 to 33.6 years). Using Engel's classification, 65% of patients were class I, 15% were class II, 11% were class III, and 9% were class IV. At least one postoperative seizure occurred in 55% of subjects. The majority of recurrences (86%) took place within 2 years of surgery. Later recurrences tended not to lead to medical intractability. Higher monthly preoperative seizure frequency was associated with poor seizure outcome. A seizure-free state at 2 years was found to be a better predictor of long-term outcome than the 6-, 12-, and 18-month landmarks. CONCLUSIONS TL provides sustained, long-term benefit in patients with medically refractory TLE. Seizure-free status at 2 years from the time of surgery is predictive of long-term remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Foldvary
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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Kothare SV, VanLandingham K, Armon C, Luther JS, Friedman A, Radtke RA. Seizure onset from periventricular nodular heterotopias: depth-electrode study. Neurology 1998; 51:1723-7. [PMID: 9855532 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.51.6.1723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between gray matter heterotopias and seizures is well established; whether seizures originate from these lesions is not known. We evaluated three patients with intractable complex partial seizures and periventricular nodular heterotopias (PNHs) with video-EEG monitoring with multiple depth electrodes, including placement in the PNH, to determine whether seizures originate from the PNH. In two of the three patients, all seizures arose from the PNH as low-voltage beta activity. In the third patient, 80% arose from the hippocampi and 20% from the heterotopia. PNHs may serve as an epileptogenic focus in patients with intractable epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Kothare
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Havlin KA, Kuhn JG, Craig JB, Weiss GR, Koeller J, Turner JN, Luther JS, Clark G, Bair KW, Wargin W. Phase I evaluation of 773U82.HCl, a member of a new class of DNA intercalators. Anticancer Drugs 1991; 2:357-63. [PMID: 1797191 DOI: 10.1097/00001813-199108000-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The arylmethylaminopropanediols (AMAPs) are a new class of DNA intercalators. 773U82.HCl is the second of these compounds to enter clinical trial. Significant antitumor activity for 773U82.HCl was documented in a variety of murine and human tumor models. This phase I study examined a 1-, 2- and 6-hour infusion given every 28 days. Thirty-six patients received 58 courses of drug at doses ranging from 15 mg/m2 to 980 mg/m2. The dose-limiting toxicity of 773U82.HCl was hemolysis noted at 980 mg/m2. Change in color of the plasma and decreases in haptoglobin were correlated with drug concentrations of the infusate greater than or equal to 3 mg/ml. Clinically significant changes in hemoglobin levels requiring blood transfusions did not occur. Neurologic toxicity occurred at 720 mg/m2 with the most severe neurologic toxicity occurring in a patient with the highest peak plasma concentration (4.1 micrograms/ml). With an increase in duration of the infusion and amount of fluid administered, the neurologic toxicity resolved. Other toxicities included mild nausea and vomiting and a dose-related phlebitis. Pharmacokinetic studies were completed in 22 patients. The mean terminal t1/2 beta was 4.4 h with a mean apparent volume of distribution at steady state (Vdss) of 314 l/m2. The mean total body clearance was 72 l/h/m2. Peak plasma levels ranged from 0.04 to 4.14 micrograms/ml. Further studies with 773U82.HCl on this schedule at the doses studied are not recommended. Hematologic monitoring for evidence of intravascular hemolysis should be included in future studies with 773U82.HCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Havlin
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284
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Cobb PW, Havlin KA, Kuhn JG, Craig JB, Harman GS, Luther JS, Turner JN, Weiss GR, Tweedy DA, Koeller J. Phase I evaluation of crisnatol (BWA770U mesylate) on a monthly extended infusion schedule. Sel Cancer Ther 1991; 7:85-91. [PMID: 1754731 DOI: 10.1089/sct.1991.7.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Crisnatol is an arylmethylaminopropanediol derivative that has shown promise as an antitumor agent in preclinical testing. In a phase I trial using a monthly six-hour infusion schedule the recommended dose for future phase II trials was found to be 388 mg/m2. Neurologic toxicity was dose-limiting in that trial and correlated with the attainment of a threshold plasma concentration of greater than 4.5 micrograms/ml. In this study we treated 15 patients with escalating doses of crisnatol from 450 mg/m2 to 900 mg/m2 administered at a rate of 50 mg/m2/hr over 9, 12, 15, and 18 hours. Toxicity was mild to moderate at all dose levels. However, serious central nervous system effects were noted in one patient at 900 mg/m2 over 18 hours whose plasma level was 6.5 micrograms/ml. This study has demonstrated higher total doses of crisnatol can be given if the drug is administered as a prolonged infusion in an attempt to avoid high plasma levels of the agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- P W Cobb
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284-7884
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Walczak TS, Radtke RA, McNamara JO, Lewis DV, Luther JS, Thompson E, Wilson WP, Friedman AH, Nashold BS. Anterior temporal lobectomy for complex partial seizures: evaluation, results, and long-term follow-up in 100 cases. Neurology 1990; 40:413-8. [PMID: 2314581 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.40.3_part_1.413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We report evaluation and results in 100 patients who had undergone anterior temporal lobectomy for intractable complex partial seizures. Average follow-up was 9.0 years (range, 2 to 21 years). In the 2nd postoperative year, 63% were seizure free, 16% were significantly improved, and 21% were considered not significantly improved. Mean number of seizures in the last group was 27% of preoperative levels. Surgical results did not change significantly in subsequent postoperative years; good outcomes tended to persist over the longer term. We also examined the utility of continuous depth electrode monitoring in the evaluation of patients with independent bitemporal interictal epileptiform activity. Despite limited numbers of subjects in this category, there was a trend toward improved surgical outcome when such subjects were evaluated with depth electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Walczak
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710
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Harman GS, Craig JB, Kuhn JG, Luther JS, Turner JN, Weiss GR, Tweedy DA, Koeller J, Tuttle RL, Lucas VS. Phase I and clinical pharmacology trial of crisnatol (BWA770U mesylate) using a monthly single-dose schedule. Cancer Res 1988; 48:4706-10. [PMID: 3396016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Crisnatol is a novel lipophilic arylmethylaminopropanediol with significant antineoplastic activity in a variety of murine and human tumor models which functions as a DNA intercalator. In this Phase I trial, a 6-h infusion of the drug was administered i.v. in 700 to 1500 ml of 5% dextrose in water every 28 days. Eighty-five courses at doses of 7.5 to 516 mg/m2 were administered to 43 patients with refractory solid tumors. Reversible neurological toxicity was dose limiting at 516 mg/m2 and was manifested as somnolence, dizziness, blurred vision, unsteady gait, and alpha-slowing on electroencephalogram at the end of infusion. All neurological signs and symptoms were reversible. No hematological toxicity was observed. Other toxicities included phlebitis, mild to moderate nausea and vomiting, reversible sinus node arrest in one patient, and hypertension. Crisnatol plasma concentrations were determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography. After infusion, plasma concentrations declined biexponentially with a terminal t1/2 of 2.9 h. Using a two-compartment model, the mean apparent volume of distribution at steady state and total-body clearance were 58.8 liters/m2 and 18.3 liters/h/m2, respectively, indicative of extensive tissue distribution and rapid hepatic clearance. Peak plasma levels occurred at the end of infusion and correlated with the onset of neurological toxicity. The recommended Phase II dose for this schedule is 388 mg/m2.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Harman
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284-7884
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Wall M, Mielke D, Luther JS. Panic attacks and psychomotor seizures following right temple lobectomy. J Clin Psychiatry 1986; 47:219. [PMID: 3957891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Abstract
The clinical manifestations, differential diagnosis, and treatment of the neuroleptic malignant syndrome and neuroleptic-induced catatonia are discussed. A case is presented in which the catatonic-like behavior and extrapyramidal sequelae of the neuroleptic malignant syndrome responded to combined treatment with anticholinergics and levodopa/carbidopa. Differential diagnosis and theories regarding the development of these neuroleptic-induced disorders are reviewed.
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Drayer BP, Vassallo C, Sudilovsky A, Luther JS, Wilkins RH, Allen S, Bates M. A double-blind clinical trial of iopamidol versus metrizamide for lumbosacral myelography. J Neurosurg 1983; 58:531-7. [PMID: 6338167 DOI: 10.3171/jns.1983.58.4.0531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A double-blind study was performed to compare metrizamide with the new iodinated water-soluble nonionic contrast medium, iopamidol, for conventional and computerized tomography lumbosacral myelography. Both contrast agents were used in 30 patients, and were equivalent in terms of image quality and clinical accuracy. Headaches and nausea were less severe using iopamidol. The most striking difference was found in adverse neurobehavioral reactions and associated electroencephalographic abnormalities, which were noted in 17% of the metrizamide group but were not seen with the use of iopamidol. Iopamidol appears to be superior to metrizamide for intrathecal applications. An explanation of the differential neurotoxicity is provided.
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Abstract
The purposes of this study were to obtain a detailed description of the clinical features of pseudoepileptic (PE) seizures, to try to reproduce these events in the laboratory during a single recording, and to establish a framework useful to the clinician for evaluating patients whose behavior suggests physiological seizures, but about which doubt remains. We analyzed 37 episodes of PE seizures recorded in 30 patients during a single three-hour video/EEG recording. The PE seizures occurred spontaneously or were induced by sequential activation procedures. The historical information together with behavioral observations show that the PE seizures mimicked primary generalized seizures in 15 episodes, elementary partial seizures with secondary generalization in 21 episodes, and complex partial seizures in a single episode. Our data underscore the usefulness of the video/EEG recording method and suggest activation techniques which, combined with detailed historical information, aid in establishing the diagnosis of PE seizures.
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Abstract
A malignant epidermoid tumor invading the fourth ventricle had histologic features that indicated malignant transformation in a benign epidermoid cyst. The computed tomographic (CT) findings correlated precisely with the histologic features, revealing both pathologic enhancement and a low attenuation zone. The spectrum of described CT findings in intracranial epidermoids is reviewed and contrasted with the appearance encountered in the present case.
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