1
|
Hall CE, Wehling H, Stansfield J, South J, Brooks SK, Greenberg N, Amlôt R, Weston D. Examining the role of community resilience and social capital on mental health in public health emergency and disaster response: a scoping review. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2482. [PMID: 38082247 PMCID: PMC10714503 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17242-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of the public to remain psychologically resilient in the face of public health emergencies and disasters (such as the COVID-19 pandemic) is a key factor in the effectiveness of a national response to such events. Community resilience and social capital are often perceived as beneficial and ensuring that a community is socially and psychologically resilient may aid emergency response and recovery. This review presents a synthesis of literature which answers the following research questions: How are community resilience and social capital quantified in research?; What is the impact of community resilience on mental wellbeing?; What is the impact of infectious disease outbreaks, disasters and emergencies on community resilience and social capital?; and, What types of interventions enhance community resilience and social capital?A scoping review procedure was followed. Searches were run across Medline, PsycInfo, and EMBASE, with search terms covering both community resilience and social capital, public health emergencies, and mental health. 26 papers met the inclusion criteria.The majority of retained papers originated in the USA, used a survey methodology to collect data, and involved a natural disaster. There was no common method for measuring community resilience or social capital. The association between community resilience and social capital with mental health was regarded as positive in most cases. However, we found that community resilience, and social capital, were initially negatively impacted by public health emergencies and enhanced by social group activities.Several key recommendations are proposed based on the outcomes from the review, which include: the need for a standardised and validated approach to measuring both community resilience and social capital; that there should be enhanced effort to improve preparedness to public health emergencies in communities by gauging current levels of community resilience and social capital; that community resilience and social capital should be bolstered if areas are at risk of disasters or public health emergencies; the need to ensure that suitable short-term support is provided to communities with high resilience in the immediate aftermath of a public health emergency or disaster; the importance of conducting robust evaluation of community resilience initiatives deployed during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Grants
- NIHR20008900 National Institute for Health Research Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Emergency Preparedness and Response, a partnership between Public Health England, King's College London and the University of East Anglia
- NIHR20008900 National Institute for Health Research Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Emergency Preparedness and Response, a partnership between Public Health England, King's College London and the University of East Anglia
- NIHR20008900 National Institute for Health Research Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Emergency Preparedness and Response, a partnership between Public Health England, King's College London and the University of East Anglia
- NIHR20008900 National Institute for Health Research Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Emergency Preparedness and Response, a partnership between Public Health England, King's College London and the University of East Anglia
- NIHR20008900 National Institute for Health Research Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Emergency Preparedness and Response, a partnership between Public Health England, King's College London and the University of East Anglia
- NIHR20008900 National Institute for Health Research Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Emergency Preparedness and Response, a partnership between Public Health England, King's College London and the University of East Anglia
- National Institute for Health Research Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Emergency Preparedness and Response, a partnership between Public Health England, King’s College London and the University of East Anglia
- Office for Health Improvement and Disparities, Department of Health and Social Care, as part of a Collaborative Agreement with Leeds Beckett University.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C E Hall
- Behavioural Science and Insights Unit, Evaluation & Translation Directorate, Science Group, UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury, SP4 0JG, UK
- Health Protection Research Unit, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King's College London, 10 Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RJ, UK
| | - H Wehling
- Behavioural Science and Insights Unit, Evaluation & Translation Directorate, Science Group, UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury, SP4 0JG, UK
| | - J Stansfield
- School of Health and Community Studies, Leeds Beckett University, Portland Building, PD519, Portland Place, Leeds, LS1 3HE, UK
| | - J South
- School of Health and Community Studies, Leeds Beckett University, Portland Building, PD519, Portland Place, Leeds, LS1 3HE, UK
| | - S K Brooks
- Health Protection Research Unit, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King's College London, 10 Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RJ, UK
| | - N Greenberg
- Health Protection Research Unit, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King's College London, 10 Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RJ, UK
- King's Centre for Military Health Research, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King's College London, 10 Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RJ, UK
| | - R Amlôt
- Behavioural Science and Insights Unit, Evaluation & Translation Directorate, Science Group, UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury, SP4 0JG, UK
| | - D Weston
- Behavioural Science and Insights Unit, Evaluation & Translation Directorate, Science Group, UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury, SP4 0JG, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Qureshi M, Lokanathan S, Adapa A, Stansfield J, Jain N, Bhutta A. 952 In-Patient Trauma Surgery in COVID-19 Positive Patients Carries A Significantly Higher Mortality Risk When Compared to In-Patient Covid-19 Negative Patients and Day Case Trauma Patients. Br J Surg 2021. [PMCID: PMC8135882 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab134.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Covid-19 caused many service changes, yet Trauma surgery continued throughout. We compare mortality rates from In-Patient (IP) and Day Case (DC) trauma patients and compare the mortality rates of patients who tested positive or negative for Covid-19. Method We reviewed all trauma admissions that underwent surgical intervention in both our IP and DC services during 31 days from March 23rd 2020. We recorded their sex, age, operation, Covid-19 symptoms, Covid-19 test results and mortality. The findings were compared between the groups. Results In total 127 patients underwent surgery (66 IP; 61 DC). There were 6 deaths (9.1%) within the IP group and 0 deaths in the DC group (p = 0.006). In the IP group 8 patients (12.1%) tested positive for Covid-19 of which 4 died (50%) compared to the remaining 58 patients (87.9%) of which 2 (3.4%) died (p < 0.001). A higher mortality rate was observed in patients with symptoms but a negative Covid-19 test (6.7%) than patients in whom a test was never indicated (2.3%). Conclusion Covid-19 positive patients requiring in-patient admission for trauma surgery have a significantly higher mortality rate than both in-patient admissions that were Covid-19 negative or asymptomatic and patients that were treated with Day Case Trauma surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Qureshi
- Northern Care Alliance, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - S Lokanathan
- Northern Care Alliance, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - A Adapa
- Northern Care Alliance, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - J Stansfield
- Northern Care Alliance, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - N Jain
- Northern Care Alliance, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - A Bhutta
- Northern Care Alliance, Manchester, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Waugh C, Jain N, Bhutta A, Havenhand T, Qureshi M, Stansfield J, Lokanathan S. 890 Predictive Factors for Mortality Following Trauma & Orthopaedic Surgery in The Covid-19 Pandemic. The Manchester Equation. Br J Surg 2021. [PMCID: PMC8135896 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab134.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Covid-19 caused many service changes including limitations on operations due to potential increased mortality risk to patients. We report our findings from Trauma & Orthopaedic (T&O) surgical mortality through this period and the effectiveness of using a scoring system (The Manchester Equation) to predict likelihood of mortality. Method We reviewed all T&O admissions that underwent surgical intervention during the height of the pandemic. We recorded numerous factors for each patient including mortality and Covid status. From this we created a scoring system which is the product of Covid status, Anaesthetic type, Medical co-morbidities and other medical factors and ASA Score. We then analysed the findings to determine whether the score could be predictive of mortality rate. Results Of 123 patients undergoing surgery 6 deaths were observed (mean score of 51.3) compared to 117 patients surviving (mean score 31.9), p = 0.001. A score of less than 32 carried a 0% chance of death whereas a score of 32 or more resulted in a 14.6% mortality rate (p = 0.01). Conclusion The Manchester Equation can be used to help predict the mortality rate of T&O surgery in the presence of Covid-19 and may be useful for clinical decision making and consent purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Waugh
- Pennine Acute NHS Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - N Jain
- Pennine Acute NHS Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - A Bhutta
- Pennine Acute NHS Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - T Havenhand
- Pennine Acute NHS Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - M Qureshi
- Pennine Acute NHS Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - J Stansfield
- Pennine Acute NHS Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - S Lokanathan
- Pennine Acute NHS Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
South J, Stansfield J, Amlôt R, Weston D. Sustaining and strengthening community resilience throughout the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Perspect Public Health 2020; 140:305-308. [PMID: 32820710 PMCID: PMC7683884 DOI: 10.1177/1757913920949582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J South
- Health Improvement Directorate, Public Health England, UK
| | - J Stansfield
- Health Improvement Directorate, Public Health England, UK; School of Health & Community Studies, Leeds Beckett University, UK
| | - R Amlôt
- Behavioural Science Team, Emergency Response Department, Health Protection, Public Health England, UK
| | - D Weston
- Behavioural Science Team, Emergency Response Department, Health Protection, Public Health England, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Affiliation(s)
- J Stansfield
- Health Improvement Directorate, Public Health England, London, UK
- School of Health and Community Studies, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - J South
- Health Improvement Directorate, Public Health England, London, UK
- School of Health and Community Studies, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Outhwaite H, Evans S, Bell D, Manchini M, Stansfield J, Marsh W, South J. A pilot project to develop community-centred public health practice examples, England, UK. Eur J Public Health 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckx187.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - D Bell
- Public Health England, Leeds, UK
| | | | | | - W Marsh
- Public Health England, Cambridge, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
This study investigates how prioritisation in health services have influenced speech and language therapy (SLT) services in Scotland in prioritising their caseload. Additionally, it evaluates how current prioritisation systems may contribute towards the development of the SLT service in Malaysia. Health, education and social agencies in Malaysia were contacted and a literature review was conducted. Information on prioritisation systems used in Malaysia was unavailable. Prioritisation systems from seven SLT departments within Scotland were investigated, of which three SLT managers took part in semi-structured interviews. The findings show that prioritisation is influenced by a combination of factors and that the principles could only be applied to the Malaysian SLT service if consideration is given to the political, economical, social, geographical and cultural factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Santiago
- Department of Speech and Language Sciences, Queen Margaret College, Edinburgh
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Johnston F, Stansfield J. Expressive pragmatic skills in pre-school children with and without Down's syndrome: parental perceptions. J Intellect Disabil Res 1997; 41 ( Pt 1):19-29. [PMID: 9089456 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.1997.tb00673.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Parental perceptions of the pragmatic skills of six pre-school children with Down's syndrome were compared to those of six children without cognitive impairment. Children were matched for language comprehension age on the Reynell Developmental Language Scale and parents were interviewed using the Pragmatics Profile of Early Communication Skills. Data from the parental interviews was analysed taking a qualitative approach, using the technique of content analysis. The results showed that the children with and without Down's syndrome had many similarities in reported behaviours and responses In addition, five out of the six children with Down's syndrome had some skills which were more advanced than their matched pairs. Possible reasons for these findings are discussed. The evidence suggests that children with Down's syndrome have a normal range of pragmatic skills and communicative intentions compared with children of similar levels of comprehension functioning at an early pre-school level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Johnston
- Department of Speech and Language Sciences, Queen Margaret College, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Armstrong L, Stansfield J. A content analysis of the professional journal of the British Society of Speech Therapists. I: The first 10 years. Spotlight on 'Speech' 1935-1945. Eur J Disord Commun 1996; 31:91-105. [PMID: 8776433 DOI: 10.3109/13682829609042214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The 24 editions of the professional journal 'Speech' published between 1935-1945 were examined by use of content analysis. The use of this approach enabled an in-depth survey of the professional, clinical and political issues of the period which saw the beginning of speech and language therapy as a profession. Two main areas were focused upon: the development of the professional body and the authored papers which appeared in the journal. 'Speech' at that time can be viewed as a blend of today's 'European Journal of Disorders of Communication' with today's 'Bulletin'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Armstrong
- Department of Speech and Language Sciences, Queen Margaret College, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Scott PJ, Stansfield J, Williams BO. Prescribing habits and potential adverse drug interactions in a geriatric medical service. Health Bull (Edinb) 1982; 40:5-9. [PMID: 7061232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
11
|
|
12
|
|
13
|
Stansfield J. Case of Ununited Fracture of the Os Humeri, treated successfully by the Seton. Med Chir Trans 1816; 7:103-106. [PMID: 20895269 PMCID: PMC2129081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
|