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Santos TSD, Augusto KVZ, Han Y, Sartori MMP, Denadai JC, Santos CT, Sobral NC, Roça RO, Sartori JR. High levels of copper and zinc supplementation in broiler diets on growth performance, carcase traits and apparent ileal mineral absorption. Br Poult Sci 2021; 62:579-588. [PMID: 33555207 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2021.1887453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
1. This study investigated the effects of hydroxy trace minerals (HTM) compared to sulphate trace minerals (STM) supplementation on growth performance, carcase parameters and mineral retention in broilers.2. A total of 1792 male Cobb 500 d-old were allocated in a completely randomised trial design to one of eight dietary treatments with eight replicates per treatment. The HTM sources used were two levels of Cu hydroxychloride (CHC) (low and high), combined with three levels of Zn hydroxychloride (ZHC) (low, med and high) and two additional treatments STM; Cu sulphate monohydrate (CSM) (low and high) combined with high Zn sulphate monohydrate (ZSM). At 21 and 42 d-old growth performance was evaluated. Additionally, at 42 d-old the carcase traits, meat quality, apparent ileal absorption and activity of antioxidant enzymes were accessed.3. A data showed that broilers receiving high-CHC had higher body weight, weight gain and better feed conversion ratio as compared to low-CHC at 21 d-old. On day 42, the feed conversion ratio was improved for birds supplemented with high-CHC in diets containing med-ZHC, as compared to low-CHC.4. Dietary Cu increased the redness of breast colour at the level of high-CHC compared to low-CHC. Greater results were observed on carcase traits for the med-ZHC group as compared to low- or high-ZHC. The ceruloplasmin activity in serum increased in the high-CSM diets containing high-ZSM as compared to low-CSM. The AIA of Cu was higher in broilers supplemented with high-CHC containing med-ZHC as compared to low-CHC. Otherwise, the AIA of Zn increased in broilers fed low-CHC containing low- or med-ZHC as compared to high-CHC.5. The trial showed that mineral trace supplementation of broilers diets with high-CHC (150 mg/kg) and low-ZHC (80 mg/kg) was a good alternative to replace sulphate mineral sources in diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Dos Santos
- Department of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - K V Z Augusto
- Research and Development, Trouw Nutrition R&D, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Y Han
- Research and Development, Trouw Nutrition R&D, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M M P Sartori
- Department of Crop Science, School of Agriculture, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - J C Denadai
- Department of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - C T Santos
- Department of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - N C Sobral
- Department of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - R O Roça
- Department of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - J R Sartori
- Department of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
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Fascina VB, Pasquali GAM, Carvalho FB, Muro EM, Vercese F, Aoyagi MM, Pezzato AC, Gonzales E, Sartori JR. Effects of Phytogenic Additives and Organic Acids, alone or in combination, on the Performance, Intestinal Quality and Immune Responses of Broiler Chickens. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2016-0422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - EM Muro
- São Paulo State University, Brazil
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Rezende JCR, Sartori MMP, Sartori JR, Ducatti C, Denadai JC, Pezzato AC. Assessment of tissue development in fattening quails using the stable isotope technique. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2017; 101:e427-e435. [PMID: 28045206 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to study the behaviour of tissue renewal in blood, pectoral muscle and keel of fattening quails during their growth and adulthood through carbon-13 turnover using the stable isotope technique. Three hundred male European quails were randomly subjected to six treatments. Diets fed to animals were initially based on corn and soybean meal and were replaced at 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days of age with diets of rice grits and soybean meal. These diets have distinct isotopic signals and over time it changes; the tissue will incorporate dietary signal, and then, we can measure the return time for each tissue in each age. Treatments were T1 (0 to 21 days), T2 (7 to 35 days), T3 (14 to 42 days), T4 (21 to 56 days), T5 (28 to 63 days) and T6 (35 to 70 days). Carbon-13 turnover in tissues of the birds at the above-mentioned time periods was calculated using the first-order exponential function. The values of half-lives were 2.6, 3.6, 5.4, 6.3, 9.0 and 9.8 days for blood and 2.0, 1.7, 4.8, 6.7, 6.9 and 6.6 days for pectoral muscle in treatments T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6 respectively. The half-lives for the keel in treatments T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6 were 2.0, 5.4, 7.7, 8.9 and 15 days respectively. Thus, half-life in sampled tissues generally increased with age of birds. Initially, the tissue half-lives are influenced by growth, and at the end of the growth cycle, the breast muscle tissue was the most metabolically active in either periods, followed by blood and the keel. All tissues showed a sigmoidal growth curve, which can be confirmed by half-life as a function of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C R Rezende
- Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences School, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - M M P Sartori
- Agronomic Sciences School, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - J R Sartori
- Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences School, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - C Ducatti
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - J C Denadai
- Agronomic Sciences School, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - A C Pezzato
- Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences School, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
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Stradiotti AC, Bendassolli JA, Ducatti C, Sartori JR, Pelícia VC, Araujo PC, Maruno MK, Pezzato AC. Incorporation of Labeled Methionine as a Tissue Tracer in Broiler Chickens. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1516-635x1804719-724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Cruz-Polycarpo VC, Sartori JR, Gonçalves JC, Pinheiro DF, Madeira LA, Polycarpo GV, Zanetti LH, Santos TS, Pezzato AC. Feeding high-moisture corn grain silage to broilers fed alternative diets and maintained at different environmental temperatures. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2014. [DOI: 10.1590/1516-635x1604449-458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - JR Sartori
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Brazil
| | | | | | - LA Madeira
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Brazil
| | | | - LH Zanetti
- State University of Maringá (UEM), Brazil
| | - TS Santos
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Brazil
| | - AC Pezzato
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Brazil
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Pelícia VC, Stradiotti AC, Araujo PCD, Maruno MK, Carvalho FBD, Pezzato AC, Sartori JR. Phytogenic additives and glutamine plus glutamic acid in broiler diets. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-635x2013000400002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - MK Maruno
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brasil
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Siloto EV, Oliveira EFA, Sartori JR, Fascina VB, Martins BAB, Ledoux DR, Rottinghaus GE, Sartori DRS. Lipid metabolism of commercial layers fed diets containing aflatoxin, fumonisin, and a binder. Poult Sci 2013; 92:2077-83. [PMID: 23873555 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2012-02777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxins (AF) and fumonisins (FU) are a major problem faced by poultry farmers, leading to huge economic losses. This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of AF (1 mg/kg of feed) and FU (25 mg/kg of feed), singly or in combination, on the lipid metabolism in commercial layers and investigate the efficacy of a commercial binder (2 kg/t of feed) on reducing the toxic effects of these mycotoxins. A total of 168 Hisex Brown layer hens, 37 wk of age, were randomized into a 3 × 2 + 1 factorial arrangement (3 diets with no binder containing AF, FU, and AF+FU; 3 diets with binder containing AF, FU, and AF+FU; and a control diet with no mycotoxins and binders), totaling 7 treatments. The hens contaminated with AF showed the characteristic effects of aflatoxicosis, such as a yellow liver, resulting from the accumulation of liver fat, lower values of plasma very low-density lipoprotein and triglycerides, and higher relative weight of the kidneys and liver. Hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects of FU were not observed in this study. On the other hand, the FU caused a reduction in small intestine length and an increase in abdominal fat deposition. The glucan-based binder prevented some of the deleterious effects of these mycotoxins, particularly the effects of AF on hepatic lipid metabolism, kidney relative weight, and FU in the small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Siloto
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brazil
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Sernagiotto ER, Ducatti C, Sartori JR, Stradiotti AC, Maruno MK, Araujo PC, Carvalho FB, Pezzato AC. The use of carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes for the detection of poultry offal meal in meat-type quail feeds. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-635x2013000100011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Kanayama JS, Pezzato AC, Sartori JR, Ducatti C, Novaes VHC, Fascina VB, Araújo PC, Carvalho FB. Traceability of animal by product meals in broilers fed sugarcane yeast using stable isotopes. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-635x2012000100009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- JS Kanayama
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brasil; Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brasil
| | | | | | - C Ducatti
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brasil
| | | | | | - PC Araújo
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brasil
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Vercese F, Garcia EA, Sartori JR, Silva ADP, Faitarone ABG, Berto DA, Molino ADB, Pelícia K. Performance and egg quality of Japanese quails submitted to cyclic heat stress. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-635x2012000100007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Zavarize KC, Sartori JR, Gonzales E, Pezzato AC. Morphological changes of the intestinal mucosa of broilers and layers as affected by fasting before sample collection. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-635x2012000100004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Benedetti MP, Sartori JR, Carvalho FB, Pereira LA, Fascina VB, Stradiotti AC, Pezzato AC, Costa C, Ferreira JG. Corn texture and particle size in broiler diets. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-635x2011000400002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Guerreiro Neto AC, Pezzato AC, Sartori JR, Mori C, Cruz VC, Fascina VB, Pinheiro DF, Madeira LA, Gonçalvez JC. Emulsifier in broiler diets containing different fat sources. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-635x2011000200006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Siloto EV, Sartori DRS, Oliveira EFA, Sartori JR, Fascina VB, Berto DA. Performance and egg quality of laying hens fed diets containing aflatoxin, fumonisin and adsorbent. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-635x2011000100004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Cruz VC, Ducatti C, Pezzato AC, Pinheiro DF, Sartori JR, Gonçalves JC, Carrijo AS. Influence of diet on assimilation and turnover of13C in the tissues of broiler chickens. Br Poult Sci 2010; 46:382-9. [PMID: 16050194 DOI: 10.1080/0071660500126847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The 13C turnover rates of the liver and thoracic pectoral muscle of growing broilers were determined by feeding diets with varying 13C content. Male chicks (1-d-old) were subjected to treatments based on free choice of 5 different mixes of energy and protein sources from plants with C3 and C4 photosynthetic pathways that had differing 13C content. Rice bran (R) and soybean meal (S) were the C3 sources, while maize (C) and maize gluten meal (G) were the C4 sources. Choices were R + S, C + G, R + G, C + S or R + C + G + S. The 6th treatment was a complete feed (CF) that was similar to a commercial broiler feed. The isotopic composition of the birds' tissues was representative of the isotopic composition of the diets. The assimilation was faster for C3, in both liver and muscle, than for C4 diets, and give the delta per mil difference between the diet and tissues. The liver is the most active metabolic tissue and gave more rapid isotope turnover than in muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- V C Cruz
- Departamento de Melhoramento e Nutrição Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Oliveira RP, Ducatti C, Pezzato AC, Denadai JC, Cruz VC, Sartori JR, Carrijo AS, Caldara FR. Traceability of poultry offal meal in broiler feeding using isotopic analysis (δ13C and δ15N) of different tissues. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2010. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-635x2010000100002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - AS Carrijo
- Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - FR Caldara
- Universidade Federal de Grande Dourados, Brazil
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Pelícia VC, Sartori JR, Zavarize KC, Pezzato AC, Stradiotti AC, Araujo PC, Mituo MAO, Madeira LA. Effect of nucleotides on broiler performance and carcass yield. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2010. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-635x2010000100004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
| | - AS Carrijo
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | - C Kiefer
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
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Cruz VC, Ducatti C, Araújo PC, Sartori JR, Piccinin A. Effect of poultry viscera meal inclusion in broiler diets in different rearing periods on performance, carcass and parts yields. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2009. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-635x2009000300006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- VC Cruz
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brazil
| | - C Ducatti
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brazil
| | - PC Araújo
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brazil
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Denadai JC, Ducatti C, Sartori JR, Pezzato AC, Móri C, Gottmann R, Mituo MAO, Bordinhon AM. The traceability of animal meals in layer diets as detected by stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analyses of eggs. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2008. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-635x2008000300010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
The pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin (ENRO), a fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agent, was studied in male broiler chickens (Cobb) after single oral administration of 10 mg of ENRO/kg b.w. A high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detector (DAD) (HPLC-DAD) method was developed and validated and used for quantitation of ENRO and its major metabolite ciprofloxacin in plasma. The HPLC analyses were carried out using a cationic-octadecyl mixed column and 0.05 mol/L phosphate buffer (pH 2.5)/acetonitrile as mobile phase. The sample preparation of plasma consisted of the precipitation of proteins followed by solid phase extraction on cationic-octadecyl mixed cartridges. The method was validated considering linear range, linearity, selectivity, sensitivity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), intra- and inter-day precisions and accuracy. The LOD and LOQ for both fluoroquinolones were 60 and 200 ng/mL for plasma. The plasma concentration vs. time graph was characteristic of a two-compartment open model. The maximal plasma concentration of 1.5 +/- 0.2 mg/mL was achieved at 9 +/- 2 h. The elimination half-life and the mean residence time of ENRO were 1.5 +/- 0.2 and 15.64 h, respectively. The area under the concentration-time curve was calculated as 35 +/- 4 mgxh/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- R G da Silva
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Carrijo AS, Pezzato AC, Ducatti C, Sartori JR, Trinca L, Silva ET. Traceability of bovine meat and bone meal in poultry by stable isotope analysis. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2006. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-635x2006000100010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Cruz VC, Pezzato AC, Pinheiro DF, Gonçalves JC, Sartori JR. Effect of free-choice feeding on the performance and ileal digestibility of nutrients in broilers. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2005. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-635x2005000300002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- VC Cruz
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brasil
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Pinheiro DF, Cruz VC, Sartori JR, Vicentini Paulino MLM. Effect of early feed restriction and enzyme supplementation on digestive enzyme activities in broilers. Poult Sci 2004; 83:1544-50. [PMID: 15384906 DOI: 10.1093/ps/83.9.1544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of feed restriction and enzymatic supplementation on intestinal and pancreatic enzyme activities and weight gain was studied in broiler chickens. Quantitative feed restriction was applied to chickens from 7 to 14 d of age. An enzyme complex mainly consisting of protease and amylase was added to the chicken ration from hatching to the end of the experiment. Birds subjected to feed restriction whose diet was not supplemented showed an increase in sucrase, amylase, and lipase activities immediately after the restriction period. Amylase, lipase, and chymotrypsin activities were higher in chickens subjected to feed restriction and fed a supplemented diet than in those only subjected to feed restriction. Trypsin activity increased after feed restriction and after supplementation, but there was no interaction between these effects. Early feed restriction had no effect on enzyme activity in 42-d-old chickens. Chickens subjected to early restriction and fed the supplemented diet presented higher sucrase, maltase, and lipase activities than nonsupplemented ones (P < 0.05). There was no effect of early feed restriction or diet supplementation on weight gain to 42 d. Percentage weight gain from 14 to 42 d of age was equivalent in feed-restricted and ad libitum fed birds. Feed-restricted broilers fed a supplemented diet showed a higher percentage weight gain than nonsupplemented birds. We conclude that enzymatic supplementation potentiates the effect of feed restriction on digestive enzyme activity and on weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- D F Pinheiro
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Bioscience, Paulista State University-Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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Cruz VC, Pezzato AC, Ducatti C, Pinheiro DF, Sartori JR, Gonçalves JC. Tracing metabolic routes of feed ingredients in tissues of broiler chickens using stable isotopes. Poult Sci 2004; 83:1376-81. [PMID: 15339013 DOI: 10.1093/ps/83.8.1376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to quantify the proportion of 13C from energy and protein feed ingredients that follow the metabolic routing of the liver and muscle in broiler chickens. A stable isotope of carbon technique was used that is based on the isotopic discrimination that occurs in the plants during the photosynthesis process. One-day-old male chicks were subjected to treatments based on free choice of energy and protein sources. Rice bran (R) and soybean meal (S), C3 plants, have higher isotopic ratios than corn (C), a C4 plant, and corn gluten meal (G). Choices were R+S, C+G, R+G, C+S, or R+C+G+S. A complete feed (CF) was a sixth treatment. Feed intake and BW were measured at 30 d of age, when liver and breast muscle were collected for isotopic analysis. Treatments affected the amount of feed intake and the choices of energy or protein sources. Complete feed had the largest intake, differing from the other treatments that had free-choice feeding. Final BW was a direct reflection of consumption by these birds in all treatments. The isotopic results indicated that the 13C/12C ratio was generally higher in breast muscle than in liver, probably because of higher protein content. Moreover, in the liver, the proportion of 13C retained from the energy ingredient was greater than the proportion from the protein ingredient. That is in contrast to muscle, where the proportion of 13C retained from the protein ingredient was greater than from the energy ingredient that was self-selected.
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Affiliation(s)
- V C Cruz
- Departamento de Melhoramento e Nutrição Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Caixa Postal 560-18618-000-Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Garcia RG, Mendes AA, Sartori JR, Paz ICLA, Takahashi SE, Pelícia K, Komiyama CM, Quinteiro RR. Digestibility of feeds containing sorghum, with and without tannin, for broiler chickens submitted to three room temperatures. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2004. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-635x2004000100007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Gonzales E, Buyse J, Sartori JR, Loddi MM, Decuypere E. Metabolic disturbances in male broilers of different strains. 2. Relationship between the thyroid and somatotropic axes with growth rate and mortality. Poult Sci 1999; 78:516-21. [PMID: 10230903 DOI: 10.1093/ps/78.4.516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Seven male broiler strains (Arbor Acres, Avian Farms, Cobb-500, Hubbard-Peterson, ISA, Naked Neck, and Ross) were compared for their growth rate, feed efficiency, and mortality due to sudden death and ascites. In addition, weekly plasma levels of thyroid hormones [3,3',5-triiodothyronine (T3) thyroxine (T4), T3: T4 ratio, growth hormone (GH), and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I)] were determined. The highly productive, commercial strains were very similar in their endocrine profiles but differed markedly from the Naked Neck chickens. Naked Neck chickens were characterized by higher plasma T3 and lower T4 levels at similar ages as well as when compared on the same body weight basis. The present findings support the hypothesis that the slightly hypothyroid state of high productive broilers renders them more sensitive to metabolic disorders. Naked Neck chickens also had higher plasma GH levels than those of their age-matched commercial broilers. The coefficient of variation for GH was highest for Naked Neck chickens, which is indicative for an amplified GH burst amplitude. It may be stated that changes in plasma thyroid hormone concentration in indirect response to selection for low feed conversion and fast growth may be causatively linked to susceptibility for metabolic disturbances such as sudden death syndrome and ascites.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Gonzales
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Production, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Gonzales E, Buyse J, Takita TS, Sartori JR, Decuypere E. Metabolic disturbances in male broilers of different strains. 1. Performance, mortality, and right ventricular hypertrophy. Poult Sci 1998; 77:1646-53. [PMID: 9835338 DOI: 10.1093/ps/77.11.1646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Two trials were carried out to test the susceptibility for metabolic disturbances of different strains of male broilers. In Trial 1, 1,890 male chickens were allotted in a randomized block design with seven treatments (Arbor Acres, Avian Farms, Cobb-500, Hubbard-Peterson, ISA, Naked Neck, and Ross) and six blocks of 45 chickens. Trial 2 involved 2,184 male chickens of six strains (Arbor Acres, Avian Farms, Cobb 500, Hubbard-Peterson, ISA Naked Neck, and Ross) allotted in seven complete blocks of 52 birds. The same management system was adopted for all birds, reared up to 42 d in an open house during late winter (Trial 1) or late autumn (Trial 2). The most marked differences observed among the strains tested was the lower BW and higher feed conversion of Naked Neck broilers. Total percentage mortalities were high among the most productive broilers, being more than 50% due to sudden death (SDS) and ascites syndrome (AS). No Naked Neck birds died as a consequence of these disturbances and the total mortalities were significantly lower (P < or = 0.05) than the other strains. The ratio of right ventricle weight to total ventricle weight of the dead birds was over 0.25, except for Naked Neck birds, which presented a nonhypertrophic ratio. The two trials confirmed the relationship between high productivity and high incidence of SDS and AS and indicated that Naked Neck male broilers are resistant to these metabolic disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Gonzales
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Production, UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Ribeiro CTM, Zanatta AR, Sartori J, Nunes LAO, Messaddeq Y. Espectroscopia óptica de vidros fluoroindatos dopados com íons Er3+ e Yb3+. QUIM NOVA 1998. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-40421998000400028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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